PRESENTATION PRESENTATION OF OF SUMMER TRAINING ON SUMMER TRAINING ON

SATELLITE COMMUNICATION SATELLITE COMMUNICATION IN NTPCIN NTPC

PRESENTED BY:-PRESENTED BY:-POOJA BAGGA POOJA BAGGA

EC VII SemEC VII Sem04032310680403231068

INTRODUCTION OF NTPC INTRODUCTION OF NTPC

NTPC was established, as a public sector NTPC was established, as a public sector power utility by government of India in the power utility by government of India in the year 1975 at a time when the country was year 1975 at a time when the country was reeling under acute shortage of power and reeling under acute shortage of power and other players in the field were not able to other players in the field were not able to cope up with the situation.cope up with the situation.NTPC true to the exactions played a key NTPC true to the exactions played a key role in the development of the sector and role in the development of the sector and has emerged as the largest power utility, has emerged as the largest power utility, lighting every fourth bulb in the country, lighting every fourth bulb in the country, Powering the growth of the country was Powering the growth of the country was the prime motto and the vision had been the prime motto and the vision had been to make available power in plenty.to make available power in plenty.

SATELLITESATELLITE COMMUNICATIONCOMMUNICATION

SATCOM meansSATCOM means communication communication through satellite. through satellite.

Satellites are of two typesSatellites are of two types(a) Geostationary Satellites.(a) Geostationary Satellites.(b) Low-orbit Satellites.(b) Low-orbit Satellites.

SATELLITE USED BY SATELLITE USED BY NTPCNTPC

The satellite used in NTPC is The satellite used in NTPC is Geostationary satellite in which the Geostationary satellite in which the satellite is just placed above the satellite is just placed above the equator.The satellite used by NTPC is equator.The satellite used by NTPC is INSAT 3E.The life of the Satellite depends INSAT 3E.The life of the Satellite depends on the boosters in which solid fuel is used. on the boosters in which solid fuel is used. Boosters prevent the deviation of the Boosters prevent the deviation of the satellite from pathsatellite from path..

COMMUNICATIONCOMMUNICATION

Communication is the process of Communication is the process of establishing connection or link establishing connection or link between two points for information between two points for information exchange..exchange..

There are two types of There are two types of communication:communication:

• ANALOG COMMUNICATIONANALOG COMMUNICATION• DIGITAL COMMUNICATIONDIGITAL COMMUNICATION

VSATVSAT

A Very Small Aperture Terminal A Very Small Aperture Terminal (VSAT) is a two way satellite ground (VSAT) is a two way satellite ground station with a dish antenna that is a station with a dish antenna that is a smaller than 3 mts (most VSAT smaller than 3 mts (most VSAT antennas range from 75 cm to 1.2 m) antennas range from 75 cm to 1.2 m) VSAT data rates typically range from VSAT data rates typically range from small remote earth stations small remote earth stations (terminals) to other terminals (in (terminals) to other terminals (in mesh configurations) or master earth mesh configurations) or master earth stations “hubs”. stations “hubs”.

NTPC VSATNTPC VSAT

NTPC VSAT is designed to carry three NTPC VSAT is designed to carry three voice channels for traffic, one voice channels for traffic, one channel for ESC, and one data channel for ESC, and one data channel for high speed data and one channel for high speed data and one data channel for low speed GDAMS. data channel for low speed GDAMS. The data rates of the three channels The data rates of the three channels are as follows:are as follows:• Voice channel = 16 KbpsVoice channel = 16 Kbps• High speed data channel = 512 KbpsHigh speed data channel = 512 Kbps

Block diagram of the satellite communication system In AuraiyaBlock diagram of the satellite communication system In Auraiya

DETALS AND FACTS ABOUT THE DETALS AND FACTS ABOUT THE SATELLITE USED IN NTPCSATELLITE USED IN NTPC

Uplink frequency is 6.15 GHZ Uplink frequency is 6.15 GHZ BW OF 350KHZ in Analog and bit BW OF 350KHZ in Analog and bit

rate is 256 Kbps in digital rate is 256 Kbps in digital Down link frequency is 3.8 GHZDown link frequency is 3.8 GHZ Standard carrier frequency analog Standard carrier frequency analog

signal is 70 MHZ signal is 70 MHZ Router used here is of pf NORTEL.Router used here is of pf NORTEL. AUGPP antenna is using power AUGPP antenna is using power

amplifier of 10 W amplifier of 10 W

COMPONENTS USED IN COMPONENTS USED IN COMMUNICATIONCOMMUNICATION

SSPA (Solid State Power Amplifier)SSPA (Solid State Power Amplifier) LNBC (Low noise block converter).LNBC (Low noise block converter). RFT (Radio Frequency Transmitter).RFT (Radio Frequency Transmitter).

SSPA (Solid State Power SSPA (Solid State Power AmplifierAmplifier

The SSPA provides signal amplification as The SSPA provides signal amplification as a final step before transmission. a final step before transmission.

The SSPA receives a 6 GHz RF input from The SSPA receives a 6 GHz RF input from the 2nd up-converter unit. Power the 2nd up-converter unit. Power amplification is of 10W or 40 DB. Given the amplification is of 10W or 40 DB. Given the SSPA gain, the input RF drive level must SSPA gain, the input RF drive level must be at no less than 0 dbm in order to be at no less than 0 dbm in order to achieve the output power level of the achieve the output power level of the SSPA. SSPA.

LNBC (Low Noise Block LNBC (Low Noise Block Converter)Converter)

The low noise block converter is The low noise block converter is designed to operate with any SSE designed to operate with any SSE technologies C-band transceiver. The technologies C-band transceiver. The LNB is available for 70MHz and 140 MHz. LNB is available for 70MHz and 140 MHz. The LNBC incorporates a low noise a low The LNBC incorporates a low noise a low noise, high electron mobility transistor noise, high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) as well as Gallium arsenide Field (HEMT) as well as Gallium arsenide Field Effect Transistors (GaAsFET) to provide a Effect Transistors (GaAsFET) to provide a system, noise temperature better than system, noise temperature better than 65 65 K. Lower noise figures of 45 K. Lower noise figures of 45 K are K are available as an optionavailable as an option..

RFT (Radio Frequency RFT (Radio Frequency Transmitter)Transmitter)

The RFT up converts a 70 or 140 MHz IF The RFT up converts a 70 or 140 MHz IF signal from a modulator to an RF signal from a modulator to an RF frequency in the 6 GHz satellite band. The frequency in the 6 GHz satellite band. The transmitter may be configured as gain transmitter may be configured as gain block, or optimally as automatic level block, or optimally as automatic level control or automatic gain control unit.control or automatic gain control unit.

On the receive side the LNBC down-On the receive side the LNBC down-converts the satellite downlink band to converts the satellite downlink band to 1.4GHz and then RFT further down-1.4GHz and then RFT further down-converts it to 70 MHz band.converts it to 70 MHz band.

Voice CommunicationVoice Communication

Voice communication is done Voice communication is done through telephone The voice signals through telephone The voice signals goes to the EPABX through three goes to the EPABX through three E&M trunks to the E&M trunk card E&M trunks to the E&M trunk card placed in the PEM slot of the EPABX. placed in the PEM slot of the EPABX. Then the call goes to the concerned Then the call goes to the concerned personnel via extensions. personnel via extensions.

OMNI 210 EPABXOMNI 210 EPABX

Central EquipmentModule

Peripheral Equipment

Module

The EPABX is connected to 32 extensions. The EPABX is connected to 32 extensions. Voice communication between extension Voice communication between extension and extension and extension and trunk is and extension and extension and trunk is possible. Three trunks from MDF of the possible. Three trunks from MDF of the

EPABX are connected to three voice cards in EPABX are connected to three voice cards in the multiplexer. The digital OMNI 210 switch the multiplexer. The digital OMNI 210 switch

comprises of a fully microprocessor controlled comprises of a fully microprocessor controlled private branch exchange. The system is private branch exchange. The system is

designed on a modular basis and is equipped designed on a modular basis and is equipped with extensive software, providing access to a with extensive software, providing access to a

wide variety of features and functions.wide variety of features and functions.

CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION

Hence we have seen the NTPC’s communication Hence we have seen the NTPC’s communication network and learnt about the satellite link, satellite network and learnt about the satellite link, satellite bandwidth what we are using, link calculations and about bandwidth what we are using, link calculations and about the main equipments and their technical specifications. the main equipments and their technical specifications. Now in the new era of ERP the communication facilities Now in the new era of ERP the communication facilities have to very rugged and they should provide have to very rugged and they should provide communication with zero down time. communication with zero down time. In the fast changing world of communication NTPC may In the fast changing world of communication NTPC may go for any other means of communication like cell go for any other means of communication like cell phones, WAP enabled communication, large bandwidth phones, WAP enabled communication, large bandwidth networks, ISDN (Auraiya has already installed the ISDN networks, ISDN (Auraiya has already installed the ISDN communication as a backup Link), video conferencing in communication as a backup Link), video conferencing in all the projects etc. but any how VSAT communication all the projects etc. but any how VSAT communication will still have a lion’s share in NTPC. will still have a lion’s share in NTPC.