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SEMINAR ON DISTRICTWISE DISTRIBUTION OfMEDICINAL PLANTS IN THE STATE OF MANIPUR
SUBMITTED TO
HNB GARHWAL UNIVERSITYSRINAGAR,GARHWAL(UTTARAKHAND)
FOR THE DEGREE OFB.Sc. in FORESTRY
ByTHIYAM JEFFERSON SINGHUnder the Supervision of
Dr. T.S. MEHRAHead of Department, Department of Forestry(DIBNS)
Dolphin(P.G.) Institute of Biomedical And Natural Sciences(DIBNS)
Manduwala, Dehradun-248003(Uttarakhand)
IntroductionA brief description of the speciesConclusionReferences
CONTENTS
IntroductionLocation of Manipur longitude 93° 58' E and latitude 24° 44' N Flora and Fauna-'Siroi Lily‘, the Hoolock Gibbon,Cervus eldi eldi ,the Sloe Loris, the Clauded Leopard, the Spotted Linshang, Mrs. Hume's Barbacked Pheasant, Blyths Tragopan, Burmese Pea-Fowl, four different species of Hornbills etc
Forest cover and forest type- 16,926 Sq. kms, Tropical-Ever-green forest, Sub-tropical forest and Bamboo brakesClimate – Tropical to sub alpineTemperature- minimum of 3.36oC to a maximum of 34.14oC Precipitation- 671 mm to 1454 mm Elevation- 833m to 3030m above mean sea levelNational parks and sanctuaries- keibul-lamjao NP, Zeilad WLS, Kailam WLS Soils- alluvial soil , swamps and marshy lands
Brief description of the species present in nine district of ManipurSpecies distribution in Imphal-East •Andrographis paniculata- Fresh leaf paste and dry seed powder are taken in asthama,chronic fever and worm diseases •Artocarpus heterophyllus- Ripe fruit rachis applied to boils•Asparagus filicinus- juice in small pox , root in dysentery•Benincasa hispida- Fruit pulp in stomach and liver complain, applied on eyes against blackening of skin and eye itching
•Kalanchoe pinnata- Leaf extract is given in dysentery, and hot fomentation of leaf is applied to boils and burns
•Cannabis sativa- leaf used against dysentery and bleeding piles,tender leaf is also cooked eaten in dysentery
Species distribution in Ukhrul
•Passiflora edulis- Ripe fruit is eaten raw for normal blood pressure
•Paederia faetida- Ripe fruit is eaten raw for normal blood pressure
•Phyllantus urinaria- Plant is boiled in the water and the soup is taken in urinary disorder
•Oxalis corniculata- plant is used as a gradient in the preparation of traditional hair lotion and rhe plant is cooked- eaten in dysentery
•Solanum xanthocarpum- Ripe fruit extract with little honey is taken against cough,fever,dysentery and dyspepsia
Species distribution in Senapati
•Houttuynia cordata- Leaf extract is given in dysentery, boil extract of the plant is given in muscular sprain
•Hyptis suaveolens- Dry seeds soaked in water for an hour and applied it in boils and injuries for early suppuration
•Melia azadarech- leaf taken bath in skin diseases, twig is used as tooth-brush ;hot fomented smoke is effective in piles•Mentha arvensis- Boiled leaf in water is taken in cold,cough,diarrhea and fever. Dried leaf powder is effective in toothache. leaf extract in water is boiled in water and the liquid after cooling is used as eardrop in ear ache
•Mimosa pudica- Hot fomented leaf paste is applied in skin cracking and nail infection and other injuries for early suppuration
Species distribution in Tamenglong
•Eupatorium cannabium- fresh leaf or shoot decoction paste is applied in cut and injuries
•Xylosma longifolia- plant is used as gradient in the preparation of traditional hair lotion that kills lice. It is also effective in dizziness,hoarness and regulation of blood circulation.
•Vitex trifolia- It is used as fresh leaf decoction and is applied externally against muscular sprain and burnt leaf powder is used as antifungal powder
• Vangiurea spinosa- is used as a gradient in the preparation of traditional hair lotion , leaf is cooked-eaten in intestinal worm and leaf paste is applied on head in hoarsness•Zingiber officinalis- rhizome is uaed foe different medicinal value•Toona ciliata- bark is bitter ,astringent,antiperiodic and used for infant dysentry
Species distribution in Churachandpur
•Dactyloctenium aegypticum- Leaf decoction juice is taken in fever
•Aquillaria agallocha - Wood part is used for medicinal value•Eclyptia prostrata- Leaf extract along with little honey is given against cough and fever;leaf paste is applied is applied against tooth ache
•Erygnium foetida- Vegetative part is taken regularly along with vegetables against paralysis and epilepsy; leaf decoction is feeding in mouth and applied in nose during epileptic attack•Euphorbia hirta- Plant extract is applied against skin diseases; leaf is extract is used as mouth wash against mouth-sore•Gynura cusimbua- Leaf/shoot decoction is applied in fresh cut and injuries which stop bleeding, fresh leaf and shoots are cooked and the is taken a glassful after food everyday to cure stomach ulcer•Hedychium marginatum- Fresh rhizome paste is given in bronchitis and stomach ulcer
Species distribution in Chandel
•Ocimum sanctum- Fresh shoot and leaves soaked in water and eaten it along with water in menstrual disorder. It is also eaten raw in cough and fever
• Rhus semialata- Tender leaf is used in the preparation of traditional hair oil lotion, fruit powder is mixed with egg is given in kidney and urinary complaints due to stone•Tagetes erecta- Shoot and leaf paste is applied in skin diseases,seed oil is used for healthy growth of hairs•Dactyloctenium aegypticum – leaf used in fever.
Species distribution in Thoubal
•Bidens pilosa- Leaf decoction paste is applied to cut,wounds and injuries •Centella asiatica- parts are used; extract is given in cold,dyspepsia
• Alpinia galangal- Fresh rhizome paste is eaten in intestinal worms,fever,cough,excessive body temperature and as an abortificient,fresh rhizome paste is applied in leucoderma. Rhizome can regulate blood circulation
• Leucas aspera- Leave boiled in the water is taken in stomach disorder,cough and fever
Species distribution in Bishnupur
•Acyranthus aspera- aqueous extract of Acyranthus aspera . could inhibit Staphylococcus epidermidis to a certain extent; while rest of the bacteria was resistant to both aqueous and ethanolic extract of this plant
•Dillenea indica- fruit for curing dandruff
• Portulaca oluraceae- Its plant extraction is given in gonorrhea,shoot decoction juice is given in gum and teeth complaint,boiled soup is taken in diabetes and it iis also applied in burns • Psidium guajava- Its tender shoot is eaten in dysentery
•Ricinus communis- Leaf and shoot fomented in fire under cotton wrapped is applied on anus to cure bleeding piles. Seed oil is applied externally in loosing and cracking of limbs,•Cyperus rotundus- rhizome used in cough
Species distribution in Imphal- West
•Cathranthus roseus- Leaf extract is given in jaundice and diabetes
•Chenopodium album- Essential oil from the plant is used against gout and skin diseases
•Clerodendron serratum- Leaf extract is taken with little honey against cough, fever and dysentery; semi dried stem is smoked against asthma and bronchitis
•Cynodon dactylon - Hot fomented stem is chewed in cough and useful in menstrual disorder
ConclusionAlmost all the medicinal plants play an important role in curing many diseases in the outskirt area of the state.
Further Scientific analysis of many medicinal plants is necessary.
Documentation, investigation and more of scientific exploration.
References
•Herbal medicinal plants of Manipur- S.B. Singh
• Education channel Science and Technology Low agricultural growth rate of Manipur ~ Manipur - E-Pao! Complete e-platform for Manipuris
•Flora & fauna of Manipur
•Murc seminar( july 24-25,2008)