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42510011 0010 1010 1101 0001 0100 1011
Presentation by:Heather Etzel, Fourth Grade
Alicia Fornal, Fifth Grade
Adapted from presentation by:Donn Hicks, Supervisor of Elementary Education,
CCPS
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Our Purpose
• To share and discuss strategies and activities that parents can use to help their children learn the basic number combinations.
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Warm Up
A = B = C = D = E = F =
Take 30 seconds to
memorize this slide!
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Which letter belongs in each box?
B + C =
D – B =
C x F=
E
F
E
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Children who have a strong conceptual understanding of addition, subtraction, multiplication and division are more successful at memorizing their facts.
When children have a firm conceptual foundation and can use fact strategies, memorizing facts becomes a matter of efficiency.
Basic Fact Memorization
What Does Research Show?
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Building Number Concepts
Concrete Manipulativ
es
Pictorial Representatio
n I I I I
I I I I
Abstract Symbols
4 + 4 = 8
2 x 4 = 8Significant time must be spent
working with concrete materials and constructing pictorial
representationsin order for abstract symbol and
operational understanding to occur.
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Benchmarks for Kindergarten
• Model addition by combining sets of concrete objects and describe the results using words and pictures
• Model subtraction by separating sets of concrete objects and describe the results using words and pictures
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Benchmarks for First Grade:
• Quick recall of all addition facts with addends to 10 and sums to 10
• Demonstrate quick recall of all subtraction facts with minuends to 5
– minuend- subtrahend = difference – addend + addend = sum
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Benchmarks for Second Grade:
• Demonstrate quick recall of all addition facts with addends to 10 and sums to 15
• Demonstrate quick recall of all subtraction facts with minuends to 10
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Benchmarks for Third Grade
By the end of grade 3, students will have:
• memorized all addition facts with addends to 10 and sums to 18.
• memorized all subtraction facts with differences to 10, minuends to 18 and subtrahends to 10.
• memorized all multiplication facts up to and including the 5s table.
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Benchmarks for Fourth Grade
While in grade 4, students are expected to:
• retrieve from memory all addition facts with addends to 10 and sums to 18.
• retrieve from memory all subtraction facts with differences to 10, minuends to 18 and subtrahends to 10.
• have memorized all multiplication facts up to and including the 10s table.
• have memorized all division facts with divisors to 10 and quotients to 10.
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Benchmarks for Fifth Grade
While in grade 5, students will be able to retrieve from memory:
• all addition facts with addends to 10 and sums to 18.
• all subtraction facts with differences to 10, minuends to 18 and subtrahends to 10.
• all multiplication facts up to the 10's table.• all division facts with divisors to 10 and
quotients to 10
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ADDITION ADDITION FACT FACT
STRATEGIESSTRATEGIES
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Strategies to Support Fact Learning Addition
• Count on – Used when adding zero, one, two or three – 8 + 2= put the eight in your head and count
on 2.
• Doubles- the addends are the same. – 7 +7 = 14
• Doubles + 1: Think of your doubles fact and then add 1.– 7+8= Think 7+7=14 + 1=15
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Strategies To Support Fact Learning Addition
• Turn Around Facts: Commutative Property- The order of the addends does not affect the sum. 4+3=7 3+4=7
• Make-Ten– Knowing pairs of addends that equal ten – 0+10 1+9 2+8 3+7 4+6 5+5
• So when you have a problem 8+5Think 8+2=10 +3
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SSUBTRACTIONFACT FACT
STRATEGIESSTRATEGIES
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Strategies To Support Fact Learning Subtraction
• Count BACK Strategy: This strategy works best when subtracting 0,1,2,3. – Ex: 12-3 start from 12 and count back
three 11,10,9.
• Count UP Strategy- This strategy works best when subtracting two numbers that are close together. – 11-8=3 Put 8 in your head and count up
9,10,11
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MULTIPLICATIOMULTIPLICATIONN
FACT FACT STRATEGIESSTRATEGIES
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Strategies To Support Fact Learning
MultiplicationZero Rule- any number multiplied by zero is zero
5 x 0 = 0One Rule- the product is itself
6 x 1 = 6Two Rule- add the number to itself
8 x 2 = 8 + 8 = 16Three Rule- double the number, then add the number again
7 x 3 = 14 + 7 = 21
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Strategies To Support Fact Learning
MultiplicationFour Rule- double the number twice.
6 x 4 = 12 + 12 = 24Silly Saying (You’ve got to be 16 to drive a 4 x 4)
Five Rule- count by fives. Products will end with 0 or 5.
3 x 5 = 15 4 x 5 = 20 5 x 5 = 25
Six Rule - think five groups of the number plus one more group. 6 x 7 = 5 x 7 + 7 = 42
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Strategies To Support Fact Learning
Seven Rule- memorize two facts: 7 x 7 = 49 and 7 x 8 = 56 Brain hook…..56 is 7 x 8…Think 5..6..7..8
Eight Rule- Memorize one fact: 8 x 8 = 64Silly Saying (I ate and I ate until I got sick on the floor!) 8 8 6 4
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Strategies To Support Fact Learning
MultiplicationNine Rule- subtract 1 from the number you are multiplying with nine. Then think….What should I add to that number to equal 9?7 x 9 …One less than 7 is 6. 6 + ? = 96 + 3 = 9 so the product is 63
Ten Rule- put a zero on the number you are multiplying by.9 x 10 = 90
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DIVISIONDIVISIONFACT FACT
STRATEGIESSTRATEGIES
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Connect to Multiplication
Fact Families Strategy - Can be used with all division facts.
18
3 6
6 x 3 = 18
3 x 6 = 18
18 6 = 3
18 3 = 6
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CCPS Websitehttp://www2.carrollk12.org/instruction/elemcurric/math/parent.HTM
Interactive Multiplication Gameshttp://www.multiplication.com/interactive_games.htm