Presentation by Mr Nanyakkara's on 'Who are poor in Sri Lanka and where are they?

7/30/2019 Presentation by Mr Nanyakkara's on 'Who are poor in Sri Lanka and where are they?'

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Who are Poor in Sri Lanka andWhere are They?

Wimal Nanayakkara

1


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Who are Poor in Sri Lanka and Where

are They? This presentation is mainly based on an article I

contributed to EconomicReview, Feb/March, 2013, of the Peoples Bank

Some of the slides are based on the Second

Chapter and the Technical Note of the NationalHuman Development Report - 2012, which Iauthored.

Most of the charts are based on HIES-2009/10, (DCS)& are unpublished. As such, contents of thepresentation may be quoted with acknowledgement

2


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Broad outline of the presentation

Comparison of poverty figures based on national poverty lineswith international poverty lines (US$ 1.00 and US$ 1.25 perperson per day), which are being used by the WorldBank, UNDP, etc., to compare poverty levels between countries

Brief outline on Income Poverty and MultidimensionalPoverty, as both these measures are used in the analysis

Objective of the analysis is to identify the poorest groups in Sri

Lanka and where they are located A comparison of poverty levels between Regions & Socio-

Economic Groups: Although Sri Lanka has already achieved MDGof halving the Income Poverty (compared to 1990) well before

the target year 2015, still there are disparities between regionsand between Socio-Economic Groups

What are the main deprivations the poorest groups face

3


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Comparison of Poverty Figures 1990 to 2010

Survey Year < US$ 1.0 < US$ 1.25 < US$ 2.0

Income Poverty

Headcount

(%)-based onNational

Poverty line

Multidimensional

Poverty Headcount

(%)

2009/10 1.1 4.1 23.0 8.9 4.7

2006/07 1.6 7.0 28.3 15.2 7.0

2002 5.5 14.0 38.9 22.7 -

1995/96 6.1 16.3 45.1 28.8 -

1990/91 5.2 15.0 48.4 26.1 -

Note: International poverty figures are based on PovcalNet: the on-line tool for poverty

measurement, developed by the Development Research Group of the World Bank; Income

Poverty HC (National),DCS; Multidimensional poverty computations based on HIES2009/10 and

DHS2006/07,DCS. {US$1.25 is the PL which is being used to compare the poverty levels

between countries by the international agencies (WB, UNDP, etc.}

The number of persons between US$1.25 and US$2.00 in SL is estimated to be

3.8 million in 2009/104


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HIES 1990/91 HIES 1995/96 HIES 2002 HIES 2006/07 HIES 2009/10

< US$ 1.00 5.19 6.11 5.46 1.6 1.1


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Poverty Headcount Based on International Poverty Lines and

National Poverty Line

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50HIES 1990/91

HIES 1995/96

HIES 2002HIES 2006/07

HIES 2009/10

< US$ 1.00


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Measuring Income Poverty in Sri Lanka

Poverty Measure Used: Absolute Poverty-This measure isused, as the poverty over time or across regions can becompared easily

In this approach, a consumption bundle, which includesfood items needed to meet the minimum nutritionalrequirements (2030k.cal per day per person) and otherbasic needs. This is called the Basket of Basic Needs

The cost of this Basket is considered as the IncomePoverty Line, which varies across time and acrossregions

Most of the countries use Absolute Poverty and theCost of Basic Needs approach to determine thePoverty Line

7


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26.1

16.3

29.4

20.5

8.9

5.3

9.4

11.4

0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 45.0

Sri Lanka

Urban

Rural

Estate

Sri Lanka Urban Rural Estate

2009/10 8.9 5.3 9.4 11.4

2006/07 15.2 6.7 15.7 32.0

2002 22.7 7.9 24.7 30.0

1995/96 28.8 14.0 30.9 38.4

1990/10 26.1 16.3 29.4 20.5

Income Poverty Headcount by Sector - 1990/91 to 2009/10

MDG on Poverty

Already achieved inall sectors, except in

the Estate sector .

This sector is also on

tract to achievebefore the target

year 2015

8Source: Computations of author based HIES-2009/10, DCS


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Multidimensional Poverty(MDP)

MDP is a measure of acute poverty, which reveals the combinationof deprivations that batter a household at the same time

Multidimensional Poverty Index offers a valuable complement tothe traditional Income Poverty

MDP is measured using three (3)dimensions: Health (H), Education

(E) and Standard of Living (SL). These are measured using 10 indicators

Each dimension is equally weighted (10/3) and each indicator is

equally weighted within each dimension (H-10/6, E-10/6 & SL-10/18) If a household (HH) is deprived of any of the 10 indicators (given in

the next slide), the corresponding weight is added for that particularHH

If the sum of the weights exceeds 3 (i.e. 30% of thedeprivations), such HHs are considered to be in MultidimensionalPoverty

All the Members in such households are considered to beMultidimensionally Poor 9


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10

Dim

ensions Weight

assigned

to each

Indicator

Indi

catorNo.

DHS-2006/07

10 Indicators

HIES-2009/10

10 Indicators

H

ealth

1.67 1 At least one member of the household is

malnourished

Calorie (energy) consumption of the

household is less than 80% of the

requirement & Food Ratio more than 60%

1.67 2 One or more children in the household have died Head of the Household chronically ill ordisabled

Ed

ucation 1.67 3 No one in household has completed five years of

schooling

No one in household has completed five

years of schooling

1.67 4 At least one school-age child not enrolled in school At least one school-age child not enrolled in

school

Liv

ingConditions

0.56 5 Household has no Electricity Household has no Electricity

0.56 6 Household has no access to clean drinking water Household has no access to clean drinking

water

0.567 Household has no access to adequate sanitation Household has no access to adequate

sanitation

0.56 8 Household has dirty (mud/dung) floor Household has dirty (mud/dung) floor

0.56 9 Household uses firewood, charcoal or dung as

cooking fuel, but does not have a separate kitchen

Household living in a shanty/line room

0.56 10 Household has no car and does not own more than

one of : radio, TV, telephone, bicycle, motor bicycle

or refrigerator

Household has no car and does not own

more than one of : radio, TV, telephone,

bicycle, motor bicycle or refrigerator

Weights for Dimensions and Indicators of Multidimensional Poverty


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2.7

2.6

2.8

5.9

5.7

5.3

3.7

3.8

3.3

11.5

3.9

11.3

3.6

5.2

5.9

8.2

3.5

4.2

6.5

4.5

6.3

3.7

4.7

3.6

3.9

6

10.3

11.5

7.6

10.3

11.2

6.9

16.1

2.3

20.3

11.3

11.7

11.7

10.5

5.7

5.8

13.3

14.5

10.5

10.8

8.9

0 5 10 15 20 25

Colombo

Gampaha

Kalutara

Kandy

Matale

Nuwara Eliya

Galle

Matara

Hamabantota

Jaffna

Vavuniya

Batticaloa

Ampara

Trincomalee

Kurunegala

Puttalam

Anuradhapura

Polonnaruwa

Baddulla

Monaragala

Ratnapura

Kegalle

Sri Lanka

Income Poverty Headcount (%) Multidimensional Poverty Headcount (%)

IncidenceofIncome

Poverty&

Multidimensional

Pove

rtybyDistricts-2009/10(HIES-DCS)

Multidimensional

Poverty HC isvery much lower

than the Income

Poverty HC in Sri Lanka

11

Source: Com utations of author based HIES-2009/10, DCS


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0

5

10

15

20

25

Colombo

Gampaha

Kalutara

Kandy

Matale

Nuwara Eliya

Galle

Matara

Hamabantota

Jaffna

Vavuniya

Batticaloa

Ampara

Trincomalee

Kurunegala

Puttalam

Anuradhapura

Polonnaruwa

Baddulla

Monaragala

Ratnapura

Kegalle

Multidimensional Poverty Headcount (%)

Income Poverty Headcount (%)

Comparison of IP & MDP by Districts

In

Monaragala, IPis high but MDP

is low

MDP is High in

Jaffna, Batti. &Puttalam

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13

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0 20.0

IncomePovertyHeadcount(%)

Multidimensional Poverty Headcount (%)

*Ratnapura

*Colombo

Nuwara Eliya **Monaragala

*Badulla

*Matale

*Batticaloa

*Polonnaruwa

Ampara

Kalutara *

*Kurunegala

Kegalle *

Kandy *

*Puttalam

Anuradhapura

*Gampaha

Source: NHDR2012- Computations of author based HIES-2009/10, DCS

Lagging Districts in 2006/07Monaragala & Nuwara Eliya, followed by Ratnapura, Badullaand Matale .

Batticaloa HC was an

underestimate in

2006/07 as the sample

did not represent entire

district as some of theareas were not

accessible

/


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14

Lagging Districts in 2009/10 Batticaloa & Jaffna, followed by Puttalam, Badulla &Ratnapura. [ Size of the disc indicates the share of people in MDP]

Situation changed completely in 2009/10, showing

significant reductions in poverty in Monaragala &Nuwara Eliya

Although Colombo

& Gampaha, show

the lowest

incidence of

MDP, the share is

around (6.5%) the

same level as in

Batticaloa & in

Jaffna.

Source: NHDP2012 - Com utations of author based HIES-2009/10, DCS

Around one million have managed to escape poverty between 2006/07 &


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Around one million have managed to escape poverty between 2006/07 &

2009/10

However, a large proportion of them are still at risk of slipping

back

For example, around 800,000 are within 10 % above the

Income Poverty line, indicating that they still at risk of slipping

back, due any economic shocks Multidimensional Poverty also show similar situation: For

example, if households exceeding 20% of the deprivations, are

considered to be in Multidimensional Poverty, instead ofthose households exceeding 30% (which is the usual level

considered in estimating MDP), there is a significant increase

(estimated 1.9 million increase )in the incidence MDP All these facts confirms that there is a significant number of

people who could be vulnerable, as they are too close to the

poverty line and therefore are at risk of slipping into poverty15

Changes in Income Poverty Headcount when poverty line increased


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Changes in Income Poverty Headcount, when poverty line increased

by 10% or 20% - HIES 2009/10

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

Colombo

Gampaha

Kalutara

Kandy

Matale

Nuwara Eliya

Galle

Matara

Hamabantota

Jaffna

VavuniyaBatticaloa

Ampara

Trincomalee

Kurunegala

Puttalam

Anuradhapura

Polonnaruwa

Baddulla

Monaragala

Ratnapura

HCI HCI-PLinc10p HCI-PLinc20p

If PL is

increased by

10% , another

800,000 falls

below the PL

In some districts the

increases are

significant, while in

districts such as

Colombo, Gampaha &Vavuniya, increases are

marginal16

Source: Computations of author based HIES-2009/10, DCS

Change in MDP HC for different levels of deprivations HIES 2009/10


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Change in MDP HC for different levels of deprivations HIES 2009/10

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Colombo

Gampaha

Kalutara

Kandy

Matale

Nuwara Eliya

Galle

Matara

Hamabantota

Jaffna

Vavuniya

Batticaloa

Ampara

Trincomalee

Kurunegala

Puttalam

Anuradhapura

Polonnaruwa

Baddulla

Monaragala

Ratnapura

Kegalle

MDPoor-HC (30%) MDPoor-HC (20%) MDPoor-HC (40%)

If HH exceeding 20%

of deprivations are

considered

additional 1.9 million

will fall into MDP

For measuring

MDP

recommendation is to consider

HHs exceeding

30% of the

deprivations


S i i G (SEG )


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Socio-economic Groups (SEGs)

HHs in HIES-2009/10 were divided into 11 Socio-economicGroups, based on the Main Occupation Category of the Head of HH

HHs headed by 1 - Administrators, Senior Officials & Professionals; 2Technical & Associated Professionals; 3 - Clerical, Services, Sales &Similar Workers; 4 Skilled Agricultural, Forestry & Fishery Workers; 5

- Craft & related trade workers, plant & machine operators, etc. ; 6Non-Agricultural Labourers & similar workers and 7 -Agriculture, Forestry Labourers, were considered as Socio-economicGroups were considered, as SEGs with employed heads of HHs

The Other SEGs: HHs headed by either, 8 an unemployedperson, 9 a household workers; 10 a person who is not able to

or too old to work and 11 a person whose occ. is not properlyspecified (as the last group accounts for only 0.9%, it could beignored)

Any member in a HH belonging to the 10 groups is considered to bein that particular SEG

18

I P HC(%) N b i P & Sh f P b


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Income Poverty - HC(%), Number in Poverty & Share of Poor by

Socio-economic Group HIES 2009/10

Socio-economic Group (SEG)(classified considering the occupation or activity of theHead of the Household)

Poverty

HC (%)

No. of poor

persons

Share

of Poor(%)

1 .Administrators, Senior Officials & Professionals 3.0 55,242 3.1

2. Technical & associated Professionals 3.6 50,404 2.8

3. Clerical, Services, Sales & similar workers 4.3 59,520 3.3

4. Skilled Agricultural, Forestry & Fishery Workers 10.1 350,659 19.4

5. Craft & related Trade Workers, Plant & Mach. Operators 6.6 208,523 11.5

6. Non Agricultural Labourers & similar workers 18.1 426,836 23.6

7. Agricultural, Forestry & Fishery Labourer 15.0 148,031 8.2

8. Unemployed person 10.5 49,522 2.7

9. Household worker 6.4 117,874 6.5

10. Unable/ Too old to work 9.7 323,410 17.9

All Groups 8.9 1,806,461 100.019

M l idi i l P HC(%) N b i P & Sh f


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Multidimensional Poverty - HC(%), Number in Poverty & Share of

Poor by Socio-economic Group HIES 2009/10

Socio-economic Group (SEG)(classified considering the occupation or activity of theHead of the Household)

Poverty

HC (%)

No. of poor

persons

Share

of Poor(%)

1 .Administrators, Senior Officials & Professionals 2.3 42,180 4.4

2. Technical & associated Professionals 2.7 36,970 3.9

3. Clerical, Services, Sales & similar workers 1.9 26,417 2.8

4. Skilled Agricultural, Forestry & Fishery Workers* 3.9 134,529 14.1

5. Craft & related Trade Workers, Plant & Mach. Operators 2.5 78,750 8.2

6. Non Agricultural Labourers & similar workers* 8.1 190,924 20.0

7. Agricultural, Forestry & Fishery Labourer 7.7 75,895 7.9

8. Unemployed person 7.2 34,006 3.6

9. Household worker 4.5 83,332 8.7

10. Unable/ Too old to work* 7.3 243,048 25.4

All Groups 4.7 956,588 100.020

I P t & M ltidi i l P t H d t b S i E i G


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Income Poverty & Multidimensional Poverty Headcounts by Socio-Economic Groups

(based on the occupation of the Head of Household)-HIES 2009/10

0.0

2.0

4.0

6.0

8.0

10.0

12.0

14.0

16.0

18.0

20.0

Administrators, Seniorofficials &

Professionals

Technicians &

associated

professionals

Cleriacal, Service, Sales

& similar workers

Skilled

Agricultural, Forestry &

Fishery Workers

Craft & related trade

workers, Plant &machine operators etc.

Non Agricultural

Labourers & similar

workers

Agriculture, Forestry &

Fishery Labourers

Unemployed

Household Worker

Unable/Too old to

work

Not properly specified

Percentage of Persons in Income Poverty

Percentage of Persons in Multidimensional Poverty 21


Sh f P ( i f h di i di h h f h MD l i


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Share of Persons (size of the disc indicates the share of the MD poor people in

each Socio-Economic Group out of the Total MD people in the Country) by

Socio-economic Groups

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0

Percentageo

fPersonsinM

ultidimension

al

PovertywithineachSocio-EconomicGro

up

Percentage of Persons in Income Poverty within each Socio-Economic Group

Non agricultural

labourers &

similar workers

Skilled agricultural,

Forestry & Fishery

Workers

Agricultural, Forestry

& Fishery Labourer

Unable/Too old

to Work

Head of the

Household

Unemployed

Not Properly

Specified (This could be

Ignored)

Household

Worker

Craft & related trade workers,

Plant & machine operators, etc.

Technical &

associated

Professionals

Clerical, Services, Sales

& similar workers

14.1%

7.9%

3.6%

3.9%

8.7%

2.8%

20%25.4%

8.2%

Administrator, Senior Officials& Professionals

8.9%

1.1%

4.7

%

22


Change in Multidimensional Poverty Headcount with 20% or more deprivations &


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Change in Multidimensional Poverty Headcount with 20% or more deprivations &

40% or More deprivations, instead of recommended 30% or more deprivations

0

5

10

15

20

25

Administrators, Senior

officials & Professionals

Technicians & associated

professionals

Cleriacal, Service, Sales &

similar workers

Skilled Agricultural, Forestry

& Fishery Workers


workers, Plant & machine

operators etc.

Non Agricultural Labourers

& similar workers

Agri. Forestry & Fishery

Labourers

Unemployed

Household Worker

Unable/Too old to work

MDPoorHC (30%) MDPoorHC (20%) MDPoorHC (40%) 23


Income Poverty (HC) by Socio Economic Groups for Districts 2009/10


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Socio-Economic Groups

Colombo

Gampaha

Kalutara

Kandy

Matale

N'Eliya

Galle

Matara

H'Tota

Jaffna

Vavuniya

B'caloa

Ampara

Trinco

Kgalal

Puttalam

A'pura

P'ruwa

Badulla

M'gala

R'pura

Kegalle

All

Administrators, Senior officials &

Professionals (55,242 or 3.1%)1.7 2.3 9.1 2.1 4.2 0.0 0.0 3.6 2.7 5.8 0.0 9.7 8.2 0.0 3.4 0.0 2.0 0.0 0.0 18.9 0.0 3.6 3.0


professionals (50,404 or 2.8%)

0.0 0.0 2.8 9.6 1.2 0.0 6.1 6.2 0.3 0.0 8.2 9.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.1 0.0 0.0 12.3 7.8 1.9 3.7 3.6

Clerical, Service, Sales & similar

workers (59,520 or 3.3%)1.3 0.1 3.2 5.7 3.5 0.0 3.7 6.8 0.0 4.4 0.0 4.2 13.8 2.3 11.4 1.8 8.3 0.0 9.9 3.4 1.7 5.8 4.3

Skilled Agricultural, Forestry &

Fishery Workers (350,659 or

19.4%) 4.4 5.4 4.0 17.5 8.6 8.6 12.5 10.8 4.4 16.6 0.0 23.9 21.7 13.6 9.1 8.3 3.0 5.8 12.0 14.2 9.9 11.1 10.1


Plant & machine operators etc.

1.7 4.9 1.9 5.3 3.2 14.7 5.0 5.9 6.9 15.0 6.5 15.9 4.6 16.1 11.8 12.9 0.0 7.6 11.0 9.1 8.1 7.5 6.6

Non Agricultural Labourers &

similar workers (426,836 or

23.6%) 9.8 10.0 9.5 16.7 30.4 20.6 20.0 18.4 20.9 24.6 5.8 37.9 15.4 21.9 21.7 20.7 23.5 5.3 15.5 25.4

20.

8 18.7 18.1

Agri. Forestry & Fishery Labourers

(148,031 or 8.2%)8.8 13.6 16.0 14.2 26.5 5.0 16.3 18.9 26.4 29.1 0.0 34.7 11.1 20.6 15.7 11.1 0.0 22.2 13.5 19.6

16.

1 16.9 15.0

Unemployed (49,522 or 17.9%)5.8 0.0 8.3 7.2 0.0 0.0 16.4 33.0 10.2 0.0 0.0 10.5 0.0 23.7 8.2 18.1 0.0 0.0 34.5 31.6

21.1 24.1 10.5

Household Worker (117,874 or

6.5%) 4.2 2.5 7.5 7.2 7.7 1.7 4.2 9.1 6.0 22.4 0.0 10.7 7.6 2.3 8.8 10.1 7.4 5.3 7.1 14.5

12.

2 2.1 6.4

Unable/Too old to work

(323,410 or 17.9%) 5.5 2.8 7.5 12.5 15.7 11.3 14.1 12.7 3.4 7.8 0.0 6.6 8.6 8.9 13.4 2.4 8.6 8.9 19.3 17.3

12.

5 19.8 9.7

*Not properly specified

1.2 0.0 1.4 0.0 87.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 12.3 0.0 0.0 15.4 76.1 0.0 0.0 38.8 0.0

58.

1 0.0 14.0

Total (1,806,461)

3.6 3.9 6.0 10.3 11.4 7.6 10.3 11.2 6.9 16.1 2.3 20.3 11.8 11.7 11.7 10.5 5.7 5.8 13.3 14.5

10.

4 10.8 8.9

Income Poverty (HC) by Socio-Economic Groups for Districts-2009/10

24

High concentrations of people in a a e a ur wa a


25/31

High concentrations of people in

Income Poverty (Yellow>=10,000&=20,000 persons & =30,000 persons)C

olombo

Gampaha

Kalutara

Kandy

Matale

NuwaraEliy

Galle

Matara

Hambantota

Jaffna

Vavuniya

Batticaloa

Ampara

Trincomalee

Kurunegala

Puttalam

Anuradhapu

Polonnaruw

Baddulla

Monaragala

Ratnapura

Kegalle

Total

Administrators, Senior officials &Professionals (55,242 or 3.1%)

65

54

92

53

101

97

19

94

20

22 0 0

11

47

9

39

36

59 0

42

00

28

23 0

32

51 0

14

23 0 0

56

68 0

21

11

552

42


professionals (50,404 or 2.8%)

0 0

3118

15

234

342 0

3636

4086

205 0

880

3415 0 0 0

25

40 0 0

1077

0

1181

2202

27

93

50404


workers (59,520 or 3.3%)

2946

17

2

3162

4811

536 0

1981

2296 0

77

2 0

165

4

675

3

902

187

44

682

5205 0

35

18

880

629

387

8

595

20


Fishery Workers (350,659 or 19.4%)1428

8260

3044

25

102

11101

12941

26927

1975

9

67

60

12060 0

15

808

29417

687

4

32612

8881

9943

77

91

29867

3417

3

32816

15

093

35

065

9

Craft & related trade workers, Plant &

machine operators etc. (208,523)7

930

2205

3

3945

1007

3

167

2

8216

8940

6489

6661

14920

25

27

10965

3985

5057

27

981

22846 0

25

48

1055

8

4669

157

21

107

67

2085

23

Non Agricultural Labourers & similarworkers (426,836 or 23.6%)

2168

0

3026

9

1421

5

2936

3

15

40

6

1135

1

2087

6

17

34

2

819

6

3036

1

57

5

47

08

0

95

8

6

17

16

9

47

99

5

2297

6

1980

0

138

4

15

06

3

848

0

1948

0

1818

9

42683

6


(148,031 or 8.2%)1487

67

80

3645

57

17

715

0

8663

67

93

8820

10140

13334 0

15

117

9235

4262

7448

9027 0

5118

87

37

3183

1037

2

3001

148031

Unemployed (49.522 or 2.7%)4138 0

2020

15

98 0 0

5949

47

63

2341 0 0

2382 0

3303

47

47

277

8 0 0

7890

145

3

3910

2249

4

95

22

Household Worker (117,874 or 6.5%)11347

6005

795

9

13827

3641

840

47

00

7081

27

40

8326 0

57

39

6232

733

97

98

8126

3403

2863

3242

3409

6245

1619

117

87

4

Unable/Too old to work (323,410 or

17.9%)2

9211

1107

3

20614

34491

12008

16196

33066

217

85

2635

4489 0

27

07

4947

1965

307

82

237

6

7204

4131

2237

4

595

6

23837

315

63

323410

Not properly specified (16,441 or 0.9%) 109 0

11

1 0

16

7 4 0 0 0 0 0 0

17

5 0 0

16

1 2

72

8 7 0 0

17

9 6 0

36

7 6 0

16

4

Total (1,806,461)

Analysis based on HIES-2009/108

6831

93866

72029

142210

5555

2

58207

112869

935

67

40618

87

920

3982

109242

7297

9

40265

18497

1

875

19

4697

8

23836

113817

6905

4

118887

91263

1806461

25



26/31

Socio-Economic

GroupsColombo

Gampaha

Kalutara

Kandy

Matale

N'Eliya

Galle

Matara

H'Tota

Jaffna

Vavuniya

B'caloa

Ampara

Trinco

Kgalal

Puttalam

A'pura

P'ruwa

Badulla

M'gala

R'pura

Kegalle

All

Administrators, Seniorofficials & Professionals

1.4 0.7 8.6 0.0 5.7 1.5 0.0 0.0 2.7 5.8 0.0 6.2 16.6 5.6 1.6 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 6.2 5.3 0.4 2.3


professionals0.5 4.3 0.1 4.7 0.0 0.0 5.9 3.8 1.6 0.0 1.9 4.5 0.0 3.2 5.3 5.7 1.9 0.0 4.5 0.0 1.4 0.0 2.7

Clerical, Service, Sales &

similar workers 2.9 0.1 0.1 4.6 0.0 0.0 2.7 0.0 0.0 23.3 0.0 3.6 0.5 0.0 2.0 0.0 6.0 0.0 0.0 2.0 0.5 1.0 1.9

Skilled Agricultural,

Forestry & Fishery

Workers 0.6 1.2 4.8 4.3 3.6 10.5 3.0 1.7 2.9 2.1 0.0 13.7 3.2 2.5 2.6 2.8 3.2 3.3 5.3 3.3 5.9 2.9 3.9


workers, Plant & machine

operators etc.1.0 2.3 0.1 3.3 0.8 0.0 1.0 1.5 0.1 4.4 0.6 15.1 3.1 2.8 3.1 5.6 1.5 9.1 3.8 2.6 3.3 0.7 2.5

Non Agricultural

Labourers & similar

workers 5.2 4.4 1.1 10.8 6.4 11.8 4.2 4.8 4.0 15.3 3.8 15.0 1.7 3.9 12.7 21.0 6.2 3.8 11.7 7.9 6.0 6.0 8.1

Agri. Forestry & Fishery

Labourers 7.4 7.5 1.8 6.120.

5 4.4 11.6 8.8 1.5 29.5 11.4 6.9 1.5 0.5 3.5 8.8 1.1 3.5 5.8 4.8 16.0 12.7 7.7

Unemployed 4.0 0.0 1.9 0.0 9.9 0.0 9.4 0.0 7.5 19.3 0.0 17.0 34.0 0.8 3.8 17.3 8.0 11.3 12.1 0.0 12.2 3.7 7.2

Household Worker6.4 3.4 1.8 3.8 3.7 3.1 3.8 2.9 11.4 4.3 0.0 4.2 0.8 6.3 8.2 9.3 4.1 4.5 7.0 3.9 1.2 2.1 4.5

Unable/Too old to work 2.5 3.9 5.5 10.4 9.4 6.1 4.4 8.0 5.3 17.3 5.1 19.2 4.8 34.7 12.2 7.1 5.5 10.9 9.5 15.8 11.9 8.6 7.3

Not properly specified

1.2 0.0 4.0 13.3

66.

3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30.4 0.0 5.9 0.0 35.1 0.0 0.0 47.8 0.0 7.9 27.3 9.0Total 2.7 2.6 2.8 5.9 5.7 5.3 3.7 3.8 3.3 11.5 1.4 11.3 3.6 5.2 5.9 8.2 3.5 4.2 6.5 4.5 6.3 3.7 4.7

Multidimensional Poverty Headcount by Socio-Economic Groups for Districts-2009/10


High concentrations of a a e a ra

wa a


27/31

g

persons in MDP (Yellow>=5,000=10,000=

15,000 )

Colombo

Gampaha

Kalutara

Kandy

Matale

NuwaraEliya

Galle

Matara

Hambantota

Jaffna

Vavuniya

Batticaloa

Ampara

Trincomalee

Kurunegala

Puttalam

Anuradhapur

Polonnaruw

Baddulla

Monaragala

Ratnapura

Kegalle

Total

Administrators, Senior officials &Professionals (42,180 or 4.4%) 5

35

3

2926

9607 0

27

20

993 0 0

939

365

9 0

2699

57

41

2025

157

2 0

121 0 0

185

1

17

64

211

42180


professionals (36,970 or 3.9%)7

03

57

18

69

7499 0 0

35

43

25

47

1077 0

206

15

46 0

55

8

27

25

4620

484 0

397

2 0

1699 0

3697

0


workers (26,417 or 2.8%) 6690

141

94

3

891 0 0

1

47

0 0 0

4

106 0

1

394

233 0

3

35

9 0

3

715 0 0

508

185

632

26

417


Fishery Workers (134,529 or 14.1%)204

1867

37

01

6202

465

6

1577

6

6445

3118

4409

15

45 0

905

2

4309

125

0

9260

3029

10421

4467

1317

6

7923

197

16

4004

1345

29


Plant & machine operators etc.4

889

1

05

36

303

637

8

419 0

17

91

1669

63

4402

246

1

037

4

2683

866

7386

1

0002

1366

3042

365

9

1338

6392

946

7

875

0

Non Agricultural Labourers &

similar workers (190,924 or 20%) 115

90

13365

1608

19032

3260

6480

4419

45

68

155

0

18893

37

3

185

86

1090

3062

28162

23232

5222

997

1137

6

2639

5606

5815

190924


(75,895 or) 1248

37

29

409

247

2

55

13

7619

4826

4107

584

13493

628

3023

1277

102

165

9

7104

181

812

377

6

786

10295

225

1

75

895

Unemployed (34,006 or 3.5%)2837 0

45

3 0

863 0

3433 0

17

32

5217 0

387

0

3430

116

2225

265

8

1165

629

27

67 0

2260

35

0

34006

Household Worker (83,332 or

8.7%)) 17

261

8028

1888

7339

175

6

15

31

435

0

2238

5168

1605 0

2234

694

1995

9127

745

3

1892

2429

3212

909

599

1624

83332

Unable/Too old to work (243,043

or 25.4%) 13417

15

589

15

099

28

565

7

139

8

741

10

27

4

13

691

4

120

9

983

1

006

7

807

2

724

7

629

27

941

6

899

4

620

5

029

11

042

5

445

22

619

13

667

243048

Total (956,588) Analysis

Based on HIES 2009/10 64302

61898

33557

82137

275

91

41141

4055

1

31938

19641

62903

245

9

61017

22180

177

29

93417

68362

29188

17

406

55

192

21400

71638

30941

95

65

88

27


Contribution of Deprivations to Multidimensional Poverty-


28/31

[Having a Dirty Floor]

6% [No Electricity]8%

[No Access to clean

drinking water]

3%

[No Access to

Adequate

Sanitation]

7%

Inadequate Assets

8%

[Shanty/

Line rooms]3%

[At least one school-

age child not enrolledin school]

6%

[No one has

completed 5 yrs of

Schooling]

6%

[Head of HH

Chronically

Ill/Disabled]28%

[Not receiving at least

80% of energy

requirement & Food

Ratio>60%]

25%

Contribution of Deprivations to Multidimensional Poverty

Sri Lanka - 2009/10

[%Contributions given below are only for the MD Poor (4.7%)]

Source: Computations of author based on HIES-2009/10(DCS) 28


29/31

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Multidimensional Poverty - Relative Contribution of the Three Dimensions

by Sector & Districts - 2009/10

Relative Contribution of Health Dimension

Relative Contribution of Education DimensionRelative Contribution of the Dimension on Living Conditions


Multidimensional Poverty Relative Contribution of the Three


30/31

Multidimensional Poverty - Relative Contribution of the Three

Dimensions by SEG 2009/10

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Not receiving at least 80% of

energy requirement& Food

Ratio>60%

No one has completed 5 yrs

of Schooling

Shanty/ Linerooms

Health Dimension

Education Dimension

Dimension on Living

Conditions



31/31

THANK YOU

32

Documents

Presentation by Mr Nanyakkara's on 'Who are poor in Sri Lanka and where are they?