The economy of India is based in part on planning through its five-year plans, developed, executed and monitored by the Planning Commission. The Five Year Plans of India envisage executing a large-scale nation-building program in a coordinated fashion. The federal agency Planning Commission was setup by the Union government of India in 1951 to assess all resources of the country, augmenting deficient resources, formulating plans for the effective and balanced utilization of resources and determining priorities . With the Prime Minister as the ex officio Chairman, the commission has a nominated Deputy Chairman, who has rank of a Cabinet minister. Montek Singh Ahluwalia is currently the Deputy Chairman of the Commission. The tenth plan completed its term in March 2007 and the eleventh plan is currently underway.

Previous Five Year Plans at a Glance PeriodPeriod PlanPlan RemarksRemarks1951-52 to 1955-561951-52 to 1955-56 First PlanFirst Plan Priority given to agriculture and Priority given to agriculture and

irrigationirrigation

1956-57 to 1960-611956-57 to 1960-61 Second Second PlanPlan

Development of basic and heavy Development of basic and heavy industriesindustries

1961-62 to 1965-661961-62 to 1965-66 Third PlanThird Plan Long term development of India’s Long term development of India’s economyeconomy

1966-67 to 1968-691966-67 to 1968-69 Annual Annual PlansPlans

Plan holiday period- Chinese and Plan holiday period- Chinese and Pakistani warsPakistani wars

PeriodPeriod PlanPlan RemarksRemarks1969-70 to 1973-741969-70 to 1973-74 Fourth PlanFourth Plan It brought in a ‘scientific temper’ to It brought in a ‘scientific temper’ to

Indian agriculture and self relianceIndian agriculture and self reliance

1974-75 to 1977-781974-75 to 1977-78 Fifth PlanFifth Plan Terminated a year earlier by the Janta Terminated a year earlier by the Janta Govt. which introduced the ‘Rolling Plan Govt. which introduced the ‘Rolling Plan ’ concept.’ concept.

1978-79 to 1979-801978-79 to 1979-80 Annual PlanAnnual Plan Launched by the Janta Govt.Launched by the Janta Govt.

1980-81 to 1984-851980-81 to 1984-85 Sixth PlanSixth Plan Originally launched by the Janta Govt. Originally launched by the Janta Govt. However, abandoned by the new Govt However, abandoned by the new Govt and revised plan for 1981-85 and revised plan for 1981-85 subsequently approved subsequently approved

1985-86 to 1989-901985-86 to 1989-90 Seventh PlanSeventh Plan Food, work and productivity were the Food, work and productivity were the basic priorities.basic priorities.

1990-91 to 1991-921990-91 to 1991-92 Annual Annual PlansPlans

Basic thrust was on maximization of Basic thrust was on maximization of employment and social transformationemployment and social transformation

1992-93 to 1996-971992-93 to 1996-97 Eighth PlanEighth Plan Faster economic growth, faster growth of Faster economic growth, faster growth of manufacturing, agricultural and allied sectors, manufacturing, agricultural and allied sectors, significant growth rates in exports and significant growth rates in exports and imports.imports. And introduction of L.P.G And introduction of L.P.G

1997-98 to 2001-021997-98 to 2001-02 Ninth planNinth plan

Priority to agriculture and rural Priority to agriculture and rural development; accelerating growth development; accelerating growth rate of economy; food and rate of economy; food and nutritional security for all; nutritional security for all; containing growth rate of containing growth rate of population; empowerment of population; empowerment of women and socially disadvantaged women and socially disadvantaged groups such as SC/STs, backward groups such as SC/STs, backward classes and minorities etc.classes and minorities etc.

2002-20072002-2007 Tenth PlanTenth Plan

Drastic pruning of unproductive Drastic pruning of unproductive and unnecessary expenditure; and unnecessary expenditure; Downsizing government; Reduction Downsizing government; Reduction in non-merit subsidies; Re-orienting in non-merit subsidies; Re-orienting strategy to raise food production; strategy to raise food production; Reforming and rejuvenating the Reforming and rejuvenating the power sector; Labour reforms; power sector; Labour reforms; Speeding up reforms in the Speeding up reforms in the financial sector.financial sector.

Introduction and Objectives The economy of India is based in part on planning through there five-year plans, developed, executed and monitored by the Planning Commission.

Growth rate of approximately 10% by the end of plan period; growth of 4% in agriculture sector, faster employment creation, reducing disparities across regions and ensuring access to basic physical infrastructure and health and education services to all.

11th Five Year Plan is India’s education plan: Prime Minister Prime Minister Manmohan Singh said

that education was a priority for the government and the 11th Five Year Plan is the education plan of the country.“Investment in the education sector, especially in the areas of school education, has increased manifold in the last four years. The 11th Five Year Plan can be described as an education plan for our country,”

Objectives:-

“Faster and More Inclusive Growth” ; growth rate of approximately 10% by the end of plan period; growth of 4% in agriculture sector, faster employment creation, reducing disparities across regions and ensuring access to basic physical infrastructure and health and education services to all. Major objectives of the eleventh five years plan in detail are

Income & Poverty Accelerate GDP growth from 8% to 10% and

then maintain at 10% in the 12th Plan in order to double per capita income by 2016-17

Continued…….

Increase agricultural GDP growth rate to 4% per year to ensure a broader spread of benefits

Create 70 million new work opportunities. Reduce educated unemployment to below

5%. Raise real wage rate of unskilled workers by

20 percent. Reduce the headcount ratio of consumption

poverty by 10 percentage points.

Education Reduce dropout rates of children from elementary

school from 52.2% in 2003-04 to 20% by 2011-12 Develop minimum standards of educational attainment

in elementary school, and by regular testing monitor effectiveness of education to ensure quality

Increase literacy rate for persons of age 7 years or above to 85%

Lower gender gap in literacy to 10 percentage point Increase the percentage of each cohort going to higher

education from the present 10% to 15% by the end of the plan

Health

Reduce infant mortality rate to 28 and maternal mortality ratio to 1 per 1000 live births

Reduce Total Fertility Rate to 2.1 Provide clean drinking water for all by 2009

and ensure that there are no slip-backs Reduce malnutrition among children of age

group 0-3 to half its present level Reduce anaemia among women and girls by

50% by the end of the plan

Women and Children

Raise the sex ratio for age group 0-6 to 935 by 2011-12 and to 950 by 2016-17

Ensure that at least 33 percent of the direct and indirect beneficiaries of all government schemes are women and girl children

Ensure that all children enjoy a safe childhood, without any compulsion to work.

Environment

Increase forest and tree cover by 5 percentage points. Attain WHO standards of air quality in all major cities by 2011-12. Treat all urban waste water by 2011-12 to clean river waters. Increase energy efficiency by 20 percentage points by 2016-17

 

Infrastructure

Ensure electricity connection to all villages and BPL households by 2009 and round-the-clock power.

Ensure all-weather road connection to all habitation with population 1000 and above (500 in hilly and tribal areas) by 2009, and ensure coverage of all significant habitation by 2015

Connect every village by telephone by November 2007 and provide broadband connectivity to all villages by 2012

Provide homestead sites to all by 2012 and step up the pace of house construction for rural poor to cover all the poor by 2016-17

Allocation for major sectors Education sector:-

Allocation of funds for education sector increased by 34.2% to Rs. 32,352 crores.

Means – cum- merit scholarships:-

National Means-cum-Merit Scholarship Scheme to be

introduced to arrest drop out ratio; selection through a national

test from among students who have passed class VIII; each

student to be given Rs 6,000 per year; 100,000 scholarships to be

awarded every year; a corpus fund of Rs 750 crore to be created

this year, and augmented by a like amount annually over the next

three years.

320,000 Associated Social Health Activists (ASHAs) recruited with over 200,000 given orientation training; 90,000 link workers selected by the States; AYUSH systems being mainstreamed into health delivery system at all levels; increase in allocation for NRHM from Rs 8,207 crore to Rs 9,947 crore.

HIV/AIDS:- Access to condoms to be expanded and universal

access to blood screening and safe blood to be ensured; more hospitals to provide treatment to prevent transmission of HIV/AIDS from mother to child; provision for AIDS control program to be Rs.969 crore.

Drinking Water and Sanitation:-

Allocation for Rajiv Gandhi Drinking Water Mission to be increased from Rs 4,680 crore to Rs 5,850 crore and for Total Sanitation Campaign from Rs 720 crore to Rs 954 crore.

Health Sector, National Rural Health Mission:-All districts to complete preparation of District Action Health Plans by March 2007; major emphasis to be on mother and child care and on prevention and treatment of communicable diseases; convergence sought to be achieved among various programmes such as immunization, antenatal care, nutrition and sanitation through Monthly Health Days (MHD) organised at Anganwadi centres;

Polio:- Number of polio rounds to be increased, monovalent

vaccine to be introduced, with intensive coverage in the 20 high risk districts of Uttar Pradesh and 10 districts of Bihar; provision for AIDS control program to be Rs 969 crore. 

Integrated Child Development Services:- To cover all habitations and settlements and to reach out to pregnant women, lactating mothers and all children below the age of six; allocation to be increased from Rs.4,087 crore to Rs.4,761 crore.

Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes:- Allocation of Rs 3,538 crore in respect of

schemes benefiting only SCs and STs and Rs 17,691 crore in respect of schemes with at least 20% of benefits earmarked for SCs and STs.

increase in allocation for Rajiv Gandhi National Fellowship Program from Rs 35 crore to Rs 88 crore , Post- Metric Scholarships: provision to be increased from Rs 440 crore to Rs 611 crore; a separate provision of Rs 91 crore proposed for similar scholarships to students belonging to socially and educationally backward classes.

Urban Unemployment:- Increase in allocation for Swarna Jayanti Shahari

Rojgar Yojana from Rs. 250 crore to Rs.344 crore.

Women:- Outlay for 100% women specific program is Rs.8,795 crore and for scheme where at least 30% allocation is for women specific program is Rs.22,382 crore.

Minorities: Increase in share capital of National

Minorities Development and Finance Corporation to Rs 63 crore ; provision of Rs 108 crore for a multi-sector development program in districts with a concentration of minorities.

allocation for Pre- metric scholarships at Rs 72 crore, Post-metric scholarships at Rs 90 crore and Merit-cum-Means scholarships at graduate and postgraduate levels at Rs 48.60 crore.

National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme: Allocation of Rs 12,000 crore for NREGS; coverage to expand from 200 districts to 330 districts; Rs 2,800 crore provided for Sampoorna Gramin Rozgar Yojana in districts not covered by NREGS; allocation for Swaranjayanti Gram Sarozgar Yojana to promote self employment among rural poor to increase from Rs 1,200 to Rs 1,800 crore.

Integrated Child Development Services: To cover all habitations and settlements during

Eleventh Plan and to reach out to pregnant women, lactating mothers and all children below the age of six; allocation to be increased from Rs 4,087 crore to Rs 4,761 crore.