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8/18/2019 Presentation on Access to Justice and ADR in Kenya
1/16
“Enhancing Access to Justice through
Alternative Dispute Resolution Methods”
BY
DR. OTIENDE AMOLLO, EBS*
A PRESENTATION MADE AT THE LAW SOCIETY OF
KENYA SEMINAR ON THE THEME ‘ALTERNATIVE
DISPUTE RESOLUTION SPECTRUM’
HELD IN
ELDORET
9 TH OCTOBER 2015
I. INTRODUCTION
The se!"h #$! e%"&e'( ') e((e! +s $# -'&' )&s/(es hs e) ($ '
'/!e"e)e'(e) $ !$+(h $# A(e!'(&e D&s/(e Res$(&$' 3ADR4
1
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2/16
-e"h'&s-s &' (he s( #$! )e")es. F!$- &(s e! e&''&'s, ADR hs
!$+' &' e/s ') $')s ($ ' e(e'( (h( &( hs ee' &'s(&((&$'&6e) &'
(he e ss(e-s &' -' "$'(!&es ($ "$-/e-e'( (he "$'e'(&$' 7)&"&
ss(e-. I')ee), (he "e'(!&( $# ADR &' )&s/(e !es$(&$' &s e&)e'"e)
(he &'"!es&' )ee$/-e'(s &' e ') &'s(&((&$' #!-e+$!8s +$!)+&)e.
I' !e"e'( (&-es, ADR hs $!&she) )e ($ &(s )'(es &' !es$&'
)&s/(es &' '$':"$'#!$'((&$' + &' "$-/!&s$' +&(h (he "$'e'(&$'
)&s/(e !es$(&$' -e(h$)s.
II. ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION AND ACCESS TO JUSTICE
A""ess ($ 7s(&"e &s ' esse'(& "$')&(&$' #$! (he es(&sh-e'( $# (he !e $#
+ ') !e&s(&$' $# "&& &e!(&es. A""ess ($ 7s(&"e hs ee' )e;'e) s
2
The se $# ADR &' !es$&' )&s/(es, (he!e#$!e, e'h'"es ""ess ($ 7s(&"e') "$-/e-e'(s (he 7)&"& 7s(&"e ss(e-. As !es(, ADR hs ee'
)$/(e) ( (he &'(e!'(&$' ') '(&$' ees ($ !es$e )&s/(es. The
E!$/e' '&$', #$! &'s('"e, s e-/hs&s $' (he se $# ADR ($
1 W&&- D&s He T!8, A""ess ($ s(&"e ') A(e!'(&e D&s/(e Res$(&$', 2011 .D&s/. Res$.320114.2 !ee' P/e! $' A(e!'(&e D&s/(e Res$(&$' &' C&& ') C$--e!"& M((e!s,COM2002019G F&' ( 1.2354.
2
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3/16
s//e-e'( (he 7)&"& //!$"hes &' se((e-e'( $# )&s/(es. I' Ke', (he
C$'s(&((&$' !e"$'&ses ADR s + $# e'h'"&' (he !&h( $# ""ess ($
7s(&"e &' A!(&"e J (he!e$#. I' /!(&"!, (he!e &s !e?&!e-e'( #$! (he se
$# ADR &' (he !es$(&$' $# &'(e!$e!'-e'( )&s/(es, //!$/!&(e -((e!s
e#$!e (he "$!(, )&s/(es e(+ee' )&=e!e'( s((e $!'s s +e s
!es$(&$' $# -((e!s C$'s(&((&$' C$--&ss&$'s ') I')e/e')e'(
O%"es.
III. HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE OF ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION
IN KENYA
The h&s($! $# ADR &' Ke' /!e)(es "$$'& !e. I( +s -'es(e) &' (he
T!)&(&$' s(&"e Ss(e- /!"(&"e) &' )&=e!e'( A#!&"' "$--'&(&es +h&"h
+s '"h$!e) $' "$'&"( -'e-e'( ') !e"$'"&&(&$'. I' (hese
"$--'&(&es, (he!e e&s(e) )&s/(e !es$(&$' s(!"(!es #!$- (he #-& ($"$--' ees, +&(h (he e)e!s /&' "e'(! !$e. ADR -e"h'&s-s
#$!-e) (he ss('(&e #!-e+$!8 $# )&s/(e !es$(&$' ') h&'e) $' (he
"(! ') (!)&(&$' #$')(&$'s ') /!"(&"es. I' $(he! +$!)s, (he +e!e
(he s$e )&s/(e !es$(&$' -e"h'&s-s ') '$( (e!'(&e. A(h$h (he
ss(e- )&) '$( )&s(&'&sh e(+ee' "!&-&' ') "&& -((e!s, &( +s
e=e"(&e &' !es$&' )&s/(es &' s$"&e(, &'")&' (he "$-/e -((e!s. The
-e"h'&s-s )$/(e) &'")e) 'e$(&(&$', "$'"&&(&$' ') -e)&(&$'
-$' $(he!s. H$+ee!, +&(h (he )e'( $# "$$'&&s-, (he E'&sh e
ss(e- +s (!'s/'(e) &' Ke' +h$se e=e"( +s ($ !ee(e (he A#!&"'
T!)&(&$' s(&"e Ss(e- ($ (he /e!&/he!. A""$!)&', (he A#!&"'
T!)&(&$' s(&"e Ss(e-, (h$h '$( $&she), +s $' //&"e
&'s$#! s &( +s '$( &'"$'s&s(e'( +&(h ' +!&((e' +, ') '$( !e/''( ($
7s(&"e ') -$!&(.
The #$!e$&' '$(+&(hs(')&', (he 'e+ )&s/(e !es$(&$' ss(e- /!e)&"(e)
$' (he "$!( ss(e- )&) '$( &--e)&(e /!$&)e #$! (he e #!-e+$!8 #$!
ADR. I( +s '$( '(& 191 (h( (he C$$'& $e!'-e'( &'(!$)"e) (he
A!&(!(&$' O!)&''"e, se) $' (he E'&sh A!&(!(&$' A"( $# 1JJ9 ($/!$&)e #$! !&(!(&$'. H$+ee!, (he O!)&''"e es(e) s$(e "$'(!$ $#
D&!e"(&e 200J52EC $# (he E!$/e' C$'"& ') $# (he P!&-e'( $# 21 s( M 200J $'Ce!(&' As/e"(s $# Me)&(&$' &' C&& ') C$--e!"& M((e!s. 8e!&, .K.
8/18/2019 Presentation on Access to Justice and ADR in Kenya
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(he !&(! /!$"ess &' (he "$!(s $# +.5 I' $!)e! ($ e'h'"e !&(!(&$' &'
Ke', -e')-e'(s ($ (he O!)&''"e +e!e -)e &' 19GJ,G 1995 ') 2009.J
The -e')-e'(s +e!e se) $' (he -$)e $# (he '&(e) N(&$'s
C$--&ss&$' $' I'(e!'(&$' T!)e L+ $# 19J5. T+$ s&'&;"'( sh$!("$-&'s
$# (he A"( +e!e &(s #&!e ($ es(&sh s$e !&(! &'s(&((&$' ') s$e #$"s
$' !&(!(&$' (he!e e&' $( $(he! #$!-s $# ADR.
Bes&)es (he A!&(!(&$' A"(, '-e! $# +s +e!e e'"(e) $! -e')e) +&(h
/!$&s&$'s !e "&' #$! se $# ADR. F$! &'s('"e, (he E-/$-e'( A"(,9
L$! I's(&((&$'s A"(,10 L$! Re(&$'s A"(11 ') (he C&& P!$"e)!e A"(12
he /!$&s&$'s (h( /!$-$(e ADR. F!(he!, &' $!)e! ($ s(!e'(he' (he e
') &'s(&((&$' #!-e+$!8s #$! !&(!(&$', Ke' hs '$+ e'"(e) (he
N&!$& I'(e!'(&$' Ce'(!e #$! A!&(!(&$' A"(1 ($ /!$&)e #$! (he
es(&sh-e'( $# !e&$' "e'(!e #$! &'(e!'(&$' "$--e!"& !&(!(&$' ')A!&(! C$!( -$' $(he!s.
H$+ee!, (he -$s( s&'&;"'( )ee$/-e'( +s (he )$/(&$' $# (he
C$'s(&((&$' &' As( 2010 +h$se /!$&s&$'s e-/hs&s $' ADR s '
&'(e! /!( $# (he )&s/(e !es$(&$' ss(e- &' Ke'. Th&s &s /!(&"!
"/(!e) ')e! A!(&"e 15932434 +h&"h /!$&)es, inter alia, (h(
8/18/2019 Presentation on Access to Justice and ADR in Kenya
5/16
F!(he!, '-e! $# +s e'"(e) /!s'( ($ (he C$'s(&((&$' s$ he
/!$&s&$'s (h( /!$-$(e ADR. F$! &'s('"e, Se"(&$' J3#4 $# (he C$--&ss&$' $'
A)-&'&s(!(&e s(&"e A"(15 !e?&!es (he C$--&ss&$' $' A)-&'&s(!(&e
s(&"e ($
8/18/2019 Presentation on Access to Justice and ADR in Kenya
6/16
"$'(!e'(&$' $# (he C$'s(&((&$' &s &'&).> I' !e(&$' ($ A!(&"e 15934,
(!)&(&$' )&s/(e !es$(&$' -e"h'&s-s "' $' e se) s $' s (he
)$ '$( "$'(!e'e (he B& $# R&h(s, !e '$( !e/''( ($ 7s(&"e ')
-$!&( $! !es( &' $("$-es (h( !e !e/''( ($ 7s(&"e $! -$!&(, $!
!e &'"$'s&s(e'( +&(h (he C$'s(&((&$' $! ' +!&((e' +.
V. STATUTORY FRAMEWORK FOR ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION
IN KENYA
The s((($! #!-e+$!8 #$! !&(!(&$', +h&"h &s $'e $# (he #$!-s $# ADR, &s
ss('(&e #$') ')e! (he A!&(!(&$' A"(. The A"( $e!'s )$-es(&" ')
&'(e!'(&$' !&(!(&$' ') /!$&)es ($'$- ($ (he /!(&es &' #sh&$'&'
(he !&(! /!$"ess. Th&s -e's (h( (he /!(&es )e(e!-&'e (he !&(!($!,
'e ($ e se), (he //&"e ss('(&e +, /"e $# !&(!(&$', se
$# e/e!(s s - e //!$/!&(e ') h$+ (he /!$"ess &s "$')"(e). F!(he!,&( /!$&)es (h( !&(! +!)s !e &')&' ') (he !e?&!e-e'( #$!
e'#$!"e-e'( $# (he +!)s (he H&h C$!(.
I' $!)e! ($ s(!e'(he' (he e ') &'s(&((&$' #!-e+$!8s $# !&(!(&$',
(he N&!$& I'(e!'(&$' Ce'(!e #$! A!&(!(&$' A"( +s e'"(e) &' '!
201 ($ -$' $(he! #'"(&$'s. A #')-e'( #e(!e $# (he
A"( &s &(s !$) '(!e (h( $es e$') !&(!(&$' ($ &'")e $(he! #$!-s $#
ADR. H$+ee!, &( &s &-/$!('( ( (h&s s(e ($ "e! -/ $( h$+ (he Ce'(!e
+& !e(e +&(h (he Ch!(e!e) I's(&((e $# A!&(!($!s ') $(he! $)&es
')e!(8&' !&(!(&$' &' Ke'.
The C&& P!$"e)!e A"( ') (he ((e')'( Res $# 2010 !e"$'&6e ADR &' (he
!es$(&$' $# )&s/(es. F$! &'s('"e, se"(&$'s 1A314, 1A324, 59, 59A, 59B, 59C,
59D ') J1, ') O!)e! G $# (he C&& P!$"e)!e Res, 2010, e(e's&e
/!$&)e #$! ADR &' "&& -((e!s /e!(&'&' ($ (he A"(. These /!$&s&$'s
$&(e (he "$!(s ($ e-/$ ADR -e"h'&s-s e$') !&(!(&$' &' (he
!es$(&$' $# )&s/(es e#$!e (he- ($ #"&&((e 7s(, e/e)&(&$s, =$!)e
G
8/18/2019 Presentation on Access to Justice and ADR in Kenya
7/16
') /!$/$!(&$'(e !es$(&$' $# )&s/(es. F!(he!, (he A"( !e"$'&6es "$!(:
''ee) -e)&(&$' ') &es &( /!$-&'e'"e &' (he !es$(&$' $# )&s/(es
e#$!e (he "$!(.
ADR &s s$ '"h$!e) ')e! (he E'&!$'-e'( ') L') C$!(s A"( +h$sese"(&$' 20 /!$&)es (h(
(a) Nothing in this Act may be construed as precluding the Court from
adopting and implementing, on its own motion, with the agreement of or
at the reuest of the parties, any other appropriate means of alternati!e
dispute resolution including conciliation, mediation and traditional dispute
resolution mechanisms in accordance with Article "#$(%)(c) of the
Constitution&
(b) 'here alternati!e dispute resolution mechanism is a condition precedent
to any proceedings before the Court, the Court shall stay proceedings untilsuch condition is fullled&
The E-/$-e'( A"(,1J L$! I's(&((&$'s A"(19 ') (he L$! Re(&$'s
A"(20 s$ /!$&)e #$! ADR (h!$h (he se $# "$'"&&(&$' &' $! )&s/(es.
F!(he!, (he C$--&ss&$' $' A)-&'&s(!(&e s(&"e &s e-/$+e!e) ')e!
se"(&$' J3#4 $# (he C$--&ss&$' $' A)-&'&s(!(&e s(&"e A"( 21 ($
8/18/2019 Presentation on Access to Justice and ADR in Kenya
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VII. COMPLEMENTARY DISPUTE RESOLUTION IN THE CONTEXT OF
KENYA
T+$ /e!(&'e'( ?es(&$'s (h( s !&se !e +he(he! ADR -e"h'&s-s !e
!e (e!'(&e, ') +he(he! ADR &s (h!e( ($ (he 7)es ') (he 7)&"&ss(e-. I' !e(&$' ($ (he ;!s( &sse, &( &s &-/$!('( ($ '$(e (h( "$'&"(s $!
)&s/(es +& +s e&s( &' s$"&e(. Wh&e "$'&"(s +& +s /$se !&s8s ($
/e"e# "$:e&s(e'"e, (he !es/$'se (he "($!s /s s&'&;"'( !$e &'
)e(e!-&'&' (he ;' $("$-e. S"h "$'&"(s +& +s /!ese'( (he-sees
&' )&=e!e'( +s ') "$'(e(s. I' "$'(e-/$!! +$!), &( hs ee'
es(&she) (h( ADR -e"h'&s-s / ' &'(e! !$e &' "$'&"(
-'e-e'(. F$! &'s('"e, &' -' !e&$'s $# (he +$!), ADR -e"h'&s-s
he ee' e-/$e) ($ -'e "$'&"(s +&(h )e-$'s(!e /$s&(&e !es(s.
Th&s &s e"se s"h -e"h'&s-s !e "$s(:e=e"(&e, e/e)&(&$s, ess"$'#!$'((&$', e&e, #$"se) $' !es($!(&e 7s(&"e ') !es( &' -$!e
)!e s$(&$'s. I' ))&(&$', (he -e"h'&s-s - e )ee/ !$$(e) &' (he
s$"&e(&es ') he ee' (es(e) ') #$') e=e"(&e.
I' (h&s "$'(e(, ADR &s -$!e //!$/!&(e ($ -'&' (he "$'&"(s &'
"$-/!&s$' ($ (he #$!- 7)&"& /!$"esses. F$! &'s('"e, &( +$) he ee'
&'"$'"e&e ') &-/!"(&" ($ e-/$ &(&(&$' ($ ))!ess (he /$s(:
ee"(&$' &$e'"e &' Ke' &' 200200J s&'"e &( +s '$( //!$/!&(e. ADR
+s //!$/!&(e &' (he "&!"-s('"es. I' (h&s !e!), ADR "''$( e &e+e)s (e!'(&e ($ &(&(&$', s&'"e (he ((e! - '$( e s&(e) #$! !es$&'
)&s/(es. I' &h( $# (he #$!e$&', (he -e"h'&s-s sh$) e see' s
"$-/e-e'(&' e"h $(he! ') (h( '$'e $# (he- &s &'#e!&$! $! (e!'(&e ($
(he $(he!, s '$(e) (he E!$/e' C$--&ss&$' (hs
I' e=e"(, (he 3ADR -e(h$)s4 "$-/e-e'( 7)&"& /!$"e)!es, &'s$#! s (he
-e(h$)s se) &' (he "$'(e( $# ADRs !e $#(e' e((e! s&(e) ($ (he '(!e $#
(he )&s/(es &'$e). ADR "' he/ (he /!(&es ($ e'(e! &'($ )&$e +he!e
(h&s +s '$( /$ss&e e#$!e, ') ($ "$-e ($ (he&! $+' ssess-e'( $# (he
e $# $&' ($ "$!(.22
A""$!)&', (he C$'s(&((&$' $# Ke' /"es /!e-&- $' ADR s $'e $#
(he +s $# !es$&' )&s/(es ') $&(es S((e O!'s ($ e-/$ s"h
-e"h'&s-s &' s$-e "&!"-s('"es. The //!$"h $# (he C$'s(&((&$' "' e
s&) ($ e (h( $# //!$/!&(e'ess s $//$se) ($ (e!'(&e s + $# 22 N$. 2 A$e.
9
8/18/2019 Presentation on Access to Justice and ADR in Kenya
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!e&6&' (he !&h( ($ ""ess ($ 7s(&"e ($ /e!s$'s ')e! A!(&"e J $# (he
C$'s(&((&$'. The e /!$#ess&$' ') (he "$!(s sh$), (he!e#$!e, )/( ($
(he "h'&' 'ee)s &' (he Ke'' s$"&e(.
I' !e(&$' ($ (he se"$') ?es(&$' /$se) e!&e!, &( &s &'s(!"(&e ($ '$(e (h(ADR &s '$( (h!e( ($ (he )es $! (he 7)&"& /!$"ess. O' (he "$'(!!, (he
)&"&! 'ee)s ADR #$! &(s s""ess. I' (he ;!s( /"e, s e!&e! '$(e), (hese
(+$ -e"h'&s-s "(e! #$! )&s(&'"(, ( !e(e) "$'&"( "$'(e(s +h&"h -
'e"ess&((e (he //&"(&$' $# ' //!$/!&(e -e"h'&s-. I' $(he! +$!)s,
(he!e !e )&s/(es (h( !e e((e! h')e) (h!$h (he #$!- 7)&"&
-e"h'&s-s &'s(e) $# ADR, ') &"e e!s. Th&s //!$"h (8es "$'&6'"e
$# (he #"( (h( '$( )&s/(es !e s&(e #$! &(&(&$' '), (he!e#$!e, e'):
/ &' "$!(. Se"$'), (he )&"&! &' Ke' hs ee' !ee&' ')e! he
"8$ $# "ses +h&"h (&-(e =e"(s (he (!'!$') (&-e &' (he)&s/e's(&$' $# 7s(&"e. As ' &s(!(&$', &' (he 2012201 F&''"& Ye!,
e-/&!&" )( !ees -ss&e "8$ $# "ses &' (he )&"&!. F$!
&'s('"e, (he ($( '-e! $# "ses h')e) (he )&"&! 3'e+ ')
/e')&'4 s($$) ( J,J5 $( $# +h&"h 190,09 +e!e !es$e) e&'
G5,G0 /e')&'.2 A )e(&e) "se$) #$! (he "$!(s &' (he s-e /e!&$) &s
sh$+' e$+
No. Court F!"# R"$o!%"
#
P"&
'
R"()r*$
+. S/!e-e C$!( 1J 11 R(e $# !es$(&$' +s $$) $+&' ($
(he '(!e $# -((e!s h')e)
(he C$!( ') )!(&$' $# &(s
e&s(e'"e
,. C$!( $# A//e 1,1G2 1,191 5,GJ R(e $# !es$(&$' s&h( $e (he
'-e! $# ;e) "ses
. H&h C$!( 5,G02 2G,502 1G2,2 M$!e "ses ;e) (h' !es$e) ee'
+&(h$( "$'s&)e!&' (h$se /e')&'
#!$- (he /!e&$s e!s
. M&s(!(esC$!(s
G0,J 1G,12 J5,9G R(e $# !es$(&$' +s $e! 250 $# ;e) "ses
/. K)h&s C$!(s JJ 25 ,1J M$!e "ses ;e) (h' !es$e) ee'
+&(h$( "$'s&)e!&' (h$se /e')&'
#!$- (he /!e&$s e!s
2 The )&"&! $# (he Re/&" $# Ke', S((e $# (he )&"&! ') (he A)-&'&s(!(&$' $# s(&"e, A'' Re/$!(, 2012:201, N&!$&.
10
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Tot)! ++012/
+34143
0/2120
4
S$!"e The )&"&! $# (he Re/&" $# Ke', S((e $# (he )&"&! ') (he A)-&'&s(!(&$'
$# s(&"e, A'' Re/$!(, 2012:201, N&!$&.
As hs ee' &s(!(e) $e, (he shee! '-e! $# "ses &s s !ee"(e)
&' (he D& Cse L&s(s #$! (he 7)&"& $%"e!s, +h&"h - '$( e !es$'
)e( +&(h. The /&"(!e e"$-es "e!e! /$' "$se e-&'(&$' $# (he
/$/(&$' !(&$ ($ (he '-e! $# 7)&"& $%"e!s +h&"h s(')s ( J,000
/e$/e /e! ee! 7)&"& $%"e! &' Ke'. Th&s "$-/!es /$$! +&(h (he
s((&s(&"s &' $(he! "$'(!&es $! !e&$'s s"h s (he E!$/e' '&$' +he!e (he
!(&$ &s 1 1,500, R+') ( 1 2,000 ') Ch&'I')&/' ( 1 10,000.
A/!( #!$- (he $%"e!s e&' !$ss $e!+he-e), (he "8$ &s s$
!e"&/e #$! -/!"(&"es &' (he )&"&! s &(&'(s see8 /!e#e!e'(& ')
#$!e (!e(-e'(. I( s$ "ses )e, s(&es !$+(h, "!e(es '"e!(&'(
') !&ses (he "$s( $# &(&(&$' (he!e &-/e)&' ""ess ($ 7s(&"e ')
e!$)&' #&(h &' (he e ss(e-. I( - e (he "se (h( s$-e $# (he
-((e!s /e')&' e#$!e (he C$!( "' s +e e h')e) (h!$h ADR
+&(h$( !es$!(&' ($ &(&(&$'. I( &s &' (h&s !e!) (h( ADR "$-es &' ($
"$-/e-e'( (he #$!- 7)&"& -e"h'&s-s. I( &s s$ &'s(!"(&e ($ '$(e (h(
(he $e )( )$es '$( &'")e (he "$-/&'(s $! )&s/(es h')e) $(he!
$)&es )!&' (he s-e /e!&$), +h&"h &' $!)&'! "&!"-s('"es, - he
e')e) / &' C$!(. F$! &'s('"e, (he C$--&ss&$' hs h')e) 109,22
-((e!s s&'"e &'"e/(&$' &' N$e-e! 2011 $( $# +h&"h J,5 he ee'!es$e).
C$-/!(&e, &' C') +h&"h h) s&-&! "he'e $# "8$ $# "ses
&' (he "$!(s, (he )$/(e) -')($! !e#e!! $# -((e!s ($ -e)&(&$' ( (he
e! s(es $# (he /!$"ee)&'s. Th&s !es(e) &' s&'&;"'( !e)"(&$' &' (he
(&-e (8e' ($ )e(e!-&'e "ses, )e"!ese) "$s(s ($ (he &(&'(s ') h&h
se((e-e'( ees. M((e!s )e(e!-&'e) (h!$h ADR ($$8 h#( (he (&-e #$!
se((&' '$':!e#e!!e) "ses &' (he "$!(s, ') (he A)$"(es ') &(&'(s h)
h&h s(&s#"(&$' ees.
A""$!)&', (he &'$e-e'( $# $(he! $)&es &' (he !es$(&$' $# )&s/(es
sh$) e see' s "$-/e-e'(! ') e'"$!e) s + $# e'h'"&'
""ess ($ 7s(&"e ') !e&6&' (he N(&$' es ') P!&'"&/es $#
$e!''"e ')e! A!(&"e 10 $# (he C$'s(&((&$'. I' ' ee'(, )-&'&s(!(&$'
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$# 7s(&"e &s sh!e) !es/$'s&&&( -$' !&$s $)&es, &'")&' (h$se
$(s&)e (he )&"&!. Bse) $' (he #$!e$&', )es $! (he )&"&! sh$)
'$( $$8 ( s"h $)&es +&(h ss/&"&$' $! s "$-/e(&($!s. I's(e), (he sh$)
e see' s "$-/e-e'(&' e"h $(he!.
VIII. THE JURISDICTION OF THE COMMISSION RELATIN5 TO
ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION
The C$--&ss&$' $' A)-&'&s(!(&e s(&"e 3O%"e $# (he O-)s-'4 &s
es(&she) ')e! A!(&"e 5934 $# (he C$'s(&((&$' ') (he C$--&ss&$' $'
A)-&'&s(!(&e s(&"e A"(, 2011. The -')(e $# (he C$--&ss&$' &s ($
e'#$!"e )-&'&s(!(&e 7s(&"e &' (he /&" se"($! ))!ess&'
-)-&'&s(!(&$' (h!$h e=e"(&e "$-/&'(s h')&' ') (e!'(&e
)&s/(e !es$(&$'. I' ))&(&$', (he C$--&ss&$' hs "$'s(&((&$' -')(e
($ s#e!) /&" &'(e!es( /!$-$(&' "$'s(&((&$'&s-, se"!&' (he$se!'"e $# )e-$"!(&" es ') /!&'"&/es, ') /!$(e"(&' (he
s$e!e&'( $# (he /e$/e. I' /!(&"!, (he -')(e $# (he C$--&ss&$'
"$e!s (he #$$+&'
• M)-&'&s(!(&$' Se!&"e #&!e, )e, &'"(&$', &'e%"&e'", &'e/(&()e,
)&s"$!(es, &'"$-/e(e'"e ') '!es/$'s&e'ess.
• A)-&'&s(!(&e I'7s(&"e '#&! )-&'&s(!(&e "(&$'
•
M&s"$')"( ') I'(e!&( Isses I-/!$/e! "$')"(, se $# /$+e! ')-&seh&$! &' (he P&" Se!&"e.
• A)&s$! O/&'&$'s ') Re"$--e')(&$'s A)&s$! $/&'&$'s $! /!$/$ss
$' &-/!$e-e'( $# /&" )-&'&s(!(&$' ') !e"$--e')(&$'s $' e,
/$&" $! )-&'&s(!(&e -es!es ($ ))!ess (he s/e"&;" "$'"e!'s
• T!&'&' $# P&" O%"e!s T!&'&' $' e=e"(&e -e(h$)s $# h')&'
"$-/&'(s &':h$se ') se( / "$-/&'(s h')&' #"&&(&es.
•
Pe!#$!-'"e C$'(!"(&' Res$(&$' $# /&" "$-/&'(s &s ' &')&"($! &'/e!#$!-'"e "$'(!"(&'. P&" &'s(&((&$'s s-&( ?!(e! !e/$!(s
)e(&&' "$-/&'(s !e"e&e) ') "(&$' (8e'.
• Me)&(&$', C$'"&&(&$' ') Ne$(&(&$' The C$--&ss&$' &s -')(e) ($
+$!8 +&(h )&=e!e'( /&" &'s(&((&$'s ($ /!$-$(e (e!'(&e )&s/(e
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!es$(&$' (h!$h -e)&(&$', "$'"&&(&$' $! 'e$(&(&$' $' -((e!s
=e"(&' /&" )-&'&s(!(&$'.
• S/e"& R&h( Bes&)es (he "$-/&-e'(! )( ($ se"!e /!$(e"(&$' ')
/!$-$(&$' $# h-' !&h(s ') #!ee)$-s &' /&" )-&'&s(!(&$', (he
C$--&ss&$' se!es ($ /!$-$(e ""ess ($ &'#$!-(&$' he) (he s((e,
') "$-/&'"e +&(h -&'$!&( ') -!&'&6e) !$/s !&h(s &' "$'(e( $#
/&" se!&"e.
• Sh!e) R$e $' C$'s(&((&$'&s- The C$--&ss&$' se!es ($ /!$(e"( (he
s$e!e&'( $# (he /e$/e e's!&' s((e $!'s $se!e (he
/!&'"&/es $# )e-$"!", (he "$'s(&((&$' es ') !es/e"( (he
s/!e-" $# (he C$'s(&((&$'.
• Pe!s$'s &' Cs($) The C$--&ss&$' &s -')(e) ($ !e"e&e
"$!!es/$')e'"e #!$- ' /e!s$' &' "s($) 3/!&s$', !e-') $! -e'(
&'s(&((&$'4 &' "$';)e'"e ') ')e! se. W$!8&' +&(h (he !ee'(
$!'s, (he C$--&ss&$' e'es $' ($ !e-e) "$'"e!'s !&se) s"h
/e!s$'s, &'")&' "$')&(&$'s $# &&' ') )-&'&s(!(&e &'7s(&"es +&(h&'
(he #"&&(&es.
• I-/e-e'(&' Re"$--e')(&$'s $# C$--&ss&$'s ') Ts8 F$!"es N$(&'
(he #&!e ($ "(, &'")&' C&'e( Se"!e(!, "$'s(&((es
)-&'&s(!(&e &'"(&$', (he C$--&ss&$'s s(e/s &' ($ #$$+:/
&-/e-e'((&$' $# Re"$--e')(&$'s C$--&ss&$'s $# I'?&!, Ts8F$!"es $! $(he! Ae'"&es &'")&' 'e"ess! /$&" $! e&s(&e
-e')-e'(s.
The C$--&ss&$'>s -')(e "$e!s S((e ') P&" O%"es ') O%"e!s,
')e! $(h N(&$' ') C$'( $e!'-e'(. The C$--&ss&$' &'es(&(es,
$' &(s $+' -$(&$', $! /$' "$-/&'(, ' "$')"( &' s((e =&!s, $! ' "(
$! $-&ss&$' &' /&" )-&'&s(!(&$' &' ' s/he!e $# $e!'-e'(, (h( &s
ee) ($ e /!e7)&"& $! &-/!$/e!, $! ($ !es( &' ' &-/!$/!&e( $!
/!e7)&"e. I' s-, (he C$--&ss&$'>s -')(e e'"$-/sses (he (!)&(&$'
!$e $# (he O-)s-' s 8'$+' (he +$!)+&)e, +&(h '&?e ))&(&$'
!es/$'s&&&(&es.
I' (he "$')"( $# &(s #'"(&$'s (he C$--&ss&$' hs /$+e!s ($ "$')"(
&'es(&(&$'s $' &(s $+' &'&(&(&e $! $' "$-/&'( -)e -e-e! $#
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(he /&", &sse s--$'s ') !e?&!e (h( s((e-e'(s e &e' ')e! $(h,
)7)&"(e $' -((e!s !e(&' ($ )-&'&s(!(&e 7s(&"e, $(&' !ee'(
&'#$!-(&$' #!$- ' /e!s$' $! $e!'-e'( (h$!&(&es ') ($ "$-/e
/!$)"(&$' $# s"h &'#$!-(&$'.
I' (he "$'(e( $# ADR, (he C$--&ss&$' &s e-/$+e!e) ')e! se"(&$' J3#4 $#
(he C$--&ss&$' $' A)-&'&s(!(&e s(&"e A"( ($ wor* with di+erent public
institutions to promote alternati!e dispute resolution methods in the
resolution of complaints relating to public administration& Th&s /!$&s&$'
!e )!+s #!$- A!(&"e 2523143e4 $# (he C$'s(&((&$' (h( /!$&)es (he
C$--&ss&$'s ') I')e/e')e'( O%"es +&(h powers necessary for
conciliation, mediation and negotiation& F!(he!, se"(&$' J3e4 $# (he A"(
e-/$+e!s (he C$--&ss&$' ($ facilitate the setting up of, and build
complaint handling capacity in, the sectors of public ser!ice, public o-cesand state organs& P!s'( ($ (hese /!$&s&$'s, (he C$--&ss&$' hs
)ee$/e) Re(&$'s ($ $/e!(&$'&6e (he A"(.2 P!( $# (he Re(&$'s
/!$&)e #$! (he /!$"e)!e #$! -e)&(&$', "$'"&&(&$' ') 'e$(&(&$' (he
C$--&ss&$'. Bes&)es !es$&' "$-/&'(s, (he C$--&ss&$' #$"ses $'
)&s/(e /!ee'(&$' (h!$h ss(e-&" &'es(&(&$'s ') /!$/$ss $'
&-/!$e-e'( $# /&" )-&'&s(!(&$' Se"(&$' J34,34,3)43e4 ') 3#4 $# (he
A"(.
IX. SAMPLE MATTERS HANDLED 6Y THE COMMISSION THROU5HALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION
P!s'( ($ (he $e s((e) -')(e, (he C$--&ss&$' hs !es$e)
'-e! $# -((e!s (h!$h ADR. Th&s hs -&' (8e' (he #$!-s $#
-e)&(&$' ') "$'"&&(&$'. N$(, (he C$--&ss&$' $=e!e) -e)&(&$'
se!&"es ($ (he T!(h, s(&"e ') Re"$'"&&(&$' C$--&ss&$' #$$+&'
)&s/(e e(+ee' (he C$--&ss&$'e!s ') (he Ch&!/e!s$'. As !es( $#
(hese e=$!(s, (he /!(&es +e!e !e"$'"&e) ') (he Ch&!/e!s$' ss-e)
$%"e. S&-&!, (he C$--&ss&$' $=e!e) -e)&(&$' se!&"es ($ (he N(&$'
e')e! ') E?&( C$--&ss&$' ') (he S!&es ') Re-'e!(&$'C$--&ss&$' #$$+&' )&s/(e $' (he )e(e!-&'(&$' $# &'(e!&-
!e-'e!(&$' ') $+'"es #$! (he #:(&-e ') /!(:(&-e C$--&ss&$'e!s
$# (he N(&$' e')e! ') E?&( C$--&ss&$'.
2 The C$--&ss&$' $' A)-&'&s(!(&e s(&"e Re(&$'s, Le N$(&"e N$. G, 3Ke'6e((e S//e-e'( N$. 54, 12(h A/!& 201.
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I' '$(he! -((e!, (he C$--&ss&$' +s !e?es(e) ($ -e)&(e $' )&s/(e
e(+ee' (he N(&$' L') C$--&ss&$' ') (he S!&es ') Re-'e!(&$'
C$--&ss&$' !e(&' ($ (he //!$e) s! #$! (he C$--&ss&$'>s &"e:
Ch&!/e!s$' ') (he s!&es $# (he C$--&ss&$'e!s e'e!. O' !e"e&&'
(he !e?es(, (he C$--&ss&$' he) -e)&(&$' -ee(&'s +&(h $(h
C$--&ss&$'s ') (he )&s/(e +s se((e) -&" +&(h&' +ee8s. S&-&!,
(he C$--&ss&$' +s !e?es(e) (he N(&$' P$&"e Se!&"e C$--&ss&$'
($ -e)&(e $' (he )&s/(e e(+ee' (he- ') (he I's/e"($!:e'e! $#
P$&"e. Th&s -e)&(&$' /!$"ess !e"e&e) $$s( #!$- (he F$!- $#
Ch&!/e!s$'s $# C$'s(&((&$' C$--&ss&$'s ') I')e/e')e'( O%"es +h&"h
s//$!(e) (he &'&(&(&e. H$+ee!, (he /!$"ess "$) '$( e ;'&6e) s&'"e &(
e"-e (he s7e"( $# &(&(&$' &' C$!(.
The se"$') "(e$! $# -((e!s h')e) (he C$--&ss&$' (h!$h ADR!e(e ($ "$-/&'(s $)e) ( (he C$--&ss&$', +h&"h /$' &'?&! ')
!e&e+, he ee' )e(e!-&'e) ($ e //!$/!&(e #$! ADR. Th&s "(e$!
"$-/!&ses (he -7$!&( $# -((e!s h')e) (he C$--&ss&$' ') s
(8es (he #$!- $# &')&&) ') !$/ "$-/&'(s. I' $'e $# s"h
"$-/&'(s, (he C$--&ss&$' s""ess# -e)&(e) )&s/(e e(+ee'
"$-/&''( ') h&s #$!-e! e-/$e!, (he Ke' Ree'e A(h$!&( 3KRA4
#$$+&' h&s s--! )&s-&ss (he A(h$!&( $' 2!) 199J. The
"$-/&''( h) )-&((e) $s&' s$-e #')s +h&e +$!8&' #$! KRA s
Ce!&" O%"e!, ( ((!&(e) (he $ss ($ "8 $# "$'"e'(!(&$' )e ($ h&s
&-e'( ') )e(h $# $'e $# h&s s&&'s. He +s sse?e'( "h!e) &'"$!(, ( +s "?&((e) ')e! se"(&$' 215 $# (he C!&-&' P!$"e)!e C$)e.
The "$-/&''( //ee) (+&"e &'s( h&s )&s-&ss $' (he !$')s (h(
he h) ee' "?&((e) (he "$!(, ( (he //es +e!e !e7e"(e) $' (he
s&s (h( KRA h) $s( "$';)e'"e &' h&-. He (he!e#(e! $)e) "$-/&'(
+&(h (he C$--&ss&$' &' 2012 +he' h&s se"$') //e +s !e7e"(e) KRA.
The C$--&ss&$' ($$8 / (he -((e! +h&"h "-&'(e) &' -e)&(&$' &'
201 +h&"h !es$e) (h( (he "$-/&''(>s )&s-&ss +$) e "h'e) ($
(e!-&'(&$' &' (he A(h$!&(>s &'(e!es(@ he +$) e /&) (h!ee -$'(hs>
s! &' &e $# '$(&"e@ ') (h( he +$) /&) h&s $(s(')&' ee )s.
S&-&!, &' !e(&$' ($ !$/ "$-/&'(s, (he C$--&ss&$' s""ess#
!es$e) "$-/&'( #!$- J #$!-e! e-/$ees $# (he Ke' R&+s
C$!/$!(&$' +h$ ee) )e ') '!es/$'s&e "$')"( (he Ke'
R&+s S(= Re(&!e-e'( Be'e;(s S"he-e &' /&' (he&! !(&(. I'
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/!(&"!, (he ee) (h( (he S"he-e h) #&e) ($ / (he- (he
!e(&!e-e'( !(&( &' ""$!)'"e +&(h (he Res +h&"h /!$&)e) #$!
/-e'( +&(h&' 0 )s /$' !e(&!e-e'( #!$- se!&"e. F!(he!, (he ee)
(h( (he S"he-e h) #&e) ($ !es/$') ($ (he&! &'?&!&es $' (he &sse s&'"e
(he&! !e(&!e-e'( &' 2011. /$' !e"e&/( $# (he "$-/&'(, (he C$--&ss&$'
&'(e!e'e) ') (he "$-/&''(s +e!e /&) (he&! !(&(&es ') -/ s-
)es (he S"he-e. F!(he!, (he C$--&ss&$' +s &'#$!-e) (h( (he )e
&' /&' (he )es h) ee' $""s&$'e) (he &?&)&( "$'s(!&'(s #"&'
(he S"he-e ( (h( (&-e.
The C$--&ss&$'>s 7!&s)&"(&$' &' "$')"(&' ADR +s !e"e'( !e"$'&se)
(he C$!( &' (he Nyeri High Court Civil Petition No. o! "#$%& County
'overn(ent o! Nyeri versus the Ca)inet *ecretary !or the Ministry
o! Education& *cience and +echnology& and the Principal *ecretary !or the Ministry o! Education& *cience and +echnology 1 +he!e &(
/!(&"&/(e) s ' A-&"s C!&e. D!&' (he he!&' $# (h&s -((e! $' (h
Fe!! 201, (he C$!( )&!e"(e) (he /!(&es ($ ((e-/( ' -&"e
se((e-e'( $# (he )&s/(e +&(h (he ss&s('"e $# (he C$--&ss&$'. H$+ee!,
(he -e)&(&$' )&) '$( -(e!&&6e s&'"e (he -((e! +s (he!e#(e! se((e)
(he /!(&es.
De ($ (he e=e"(&e'ess $# ADR -e"h'&s-s &' !es$&' /&" "$-/&'(s,
(he C$--&ss&$' +& es"(e &(s "(&&(&es $' ADR &' !es$&' "$-/&'(s. Th&s +& ')$(e) &'")e )&s/(es &'$&' /&" $)&es s"h s
e(+ee' (he (+$ ees $# $e!'-e'(, "$'( $e!'-e'(s ') $(he!
/&" $)&es.
7 DR. ,+-ENDE AM,,& E/*& ./& .M& Advocate& Chairperson o! the
Co((ission on Ad(inistrative Justice 0,1ce o! the ,()uds(an o! 2enya3&
*ecretary 'eneral o! the A!rican ,()uds(an and Mediators Association& !or(er
Chairperson o! the -nternational Co((ission o! Jurists 023& !or(er *ecretary 'eneral o! the East A!rican a4 *ociety& and !or(er Me()er o! the Co((ittee o!
E5perts on Constitutional Revie4 o! the Repu)lic o! 2enya
1G