Presentation on Full Scale CRA and Developing RRAP

Experiential learningOwnershipMainstreaming Exclusion issues Relief mentality/politics everywhere No review process exists No stocktaking / individual

organization’s targetUndermining coping capacity /Making

Community dependent Requisite Competency

Dos & Don’tsUse UDMC members; particularly the Chair as facilitator

(Describing different steps of CRA/ benefit of CRA, Roles of CRA Facilitators),

Create opportunity for the DMC members to be a part of facilitators team, do not treat them as secondary stakeholders only,

Do not try to give impression that only the non-government organizations’ have expertise to do CRA,

Do not engage junior level / entry level staff to deal with DDMC and or UzDMC,

Take every steps to mainstream the RRAP into development plan

Be tactful not to show over enthusiasm,

Five Stages of Community Risk AssessmentStage Activities Remarks

1 INITIATING a.Paying courtesy callb.Gaining entryc.Selecting sites d.Planning the activities

2 ORGANISINGa.Engaging / forming Local Committeeb.Building consensusc.Training / Orientingd.Scheduling the works

3 ASSESSING RISKSa.Consulting framework to Stakeholdersb.Collecting and analyzing secondary datac.Assessing hazards d.Mapping Vulnerabilitiese.Analysing the capacity gaps f.Consulting findings to Stakeholders

Five Stages Community Risk Assessment

Stage Activities Remarks

4 DEVELOPING AN ACTION PLANa.Setting prioritiesb.Consulting the action plan c.Vetting the action plan

5 CONCLUDINGa.Writing reportb.Submitting reports for endorsementc.Terminating the assessment

What do we mean by Community?

Community is a group of people having ethnic or cultural or religious characteristics in common with common interest living in a particular area.

What do we mean by “Hazard”

Hazard: is an event that could lead to danger, loss or injury

What is Risk?Risk is the probability of harmful

consequences or expected losses (deaths, injuries, property, livelihoods, economic activity disrupted or environment damaged) resulting from interactions between natural or human-induced hazards and vulnerable conditions.

Risk = Hazards X Vulnerability/Capacity Gap

What is Assessment ?

Assessment is an evaluation or appraisal of a condition

Assessment could be done in many ways:Secondary Data Review Consultation with the decision makers / duty bearers.Consultation with the people at risk and decision makers / duty bearers.

What is CRA?CRA is a participatory process for assessing:-Hazards,Vulnerabilities,Risks,Ability to cope,Preparing coping strategies andFinally preparing a risk reduction action plan by the local community.

STEPS IN CRA

CRA has two parts:

Pre CRACRA

Pre-CRA Steps(Planning Meeting with UzDMC)

Consensus Building at Upazila level Which are the vulnerable Union(s) in terms of

Hazard (s)?

Is there any Risk Assessment done?

If it is done-when done and name of the organization.

Is there any further revision needed?

Method: Plenary session; Participants: UzDMC Members

NOTE: If new CRA needed then the next steps are applicable

Planning Meeting with UDMC

Consensus Building at UDMC level

Vulnerable pockets/parts of the Union(s).

Consensus on the CRA schedule & Steps/sessions.

Logistics support needed by the CRA facilitators etc.

Relevant information Collection

Scientific & Modeling Information

Socio-economic Information

[From Secondary Sources]

Example of Scientific and modeling informationRainfall Trends over the seasons for last yearsRiver Bank Erosion Trend and PredictionLand Elevation Groundwater table and quality of water

information (including discharge and recharge rate)

Water level/water extent /duration of last floods

Drought trend and Prediction informationCyclonic surge predictions/ or past inundation

Example of Socio-economic informationLocation, Type and AreaPopulationEducation (primary, secondary)Health and Family PlanningCommunication (roads, bridge, culverts, sluice

gates etc)River, Canal, Wetland (beels) etc.Economic Activities (livelihood options)Social – Religious Groups

STEPS IN PRE-CRA (Contd);

Familiarize facilitators with the people’s vulnerability and local risk environment.

Methods/Tools: Transect Walk, Social cum vulnerability Mapping, Key Informants Interview-KII.

Stakeholders: UDMC Members, Village People, Govt. & NGO officials

Documentation

Narrative report on Transact walk

Narrative report on KII

Getting ready for CRA

CRA participants selection Reconfirmation of Date and VenueNotification to the selected participantsLogistics arrangements/ suppliesBriefing to CRA facilitators by the

respective organization.Method: Discussion with UDMC

Consolidated Table for Exercise

List of Hazards

Problem Faced due to Hazard

Reasons behind the problems

Risk Statement

List of suggested Risk Reduction options

STEPS IN CRA Identification & prioritization of Hazards and

Problems faced due to Hazards.

Methods/tools: Group Work. Stakeholders: Vulnerable Community

(Women, Landless, Farmers, Fisher Folk, PwDs), UDMC, Village people.

(Men & Women Separate group)

Identification of Reasons Behind the Problems

NOTE: Prioritization of identified reasons (vulnerabilities)Method: Group WorkStakeholders: Vulnerable Community (Women, Landless, Farmers, Fisher Folk, PwDs), UDMC, Village people.(Men & Women Separate group)

Identification of RisksRisks statement: If the reasons are not

addressed what risks likely to occur:

NOTE: Prioritization of Risks Method: Group WorkStakeholders: Vulnerable Community

(Women, Landless, Farmers, Fisher Folk, PwDs), UDMC, Village people.

(Men & Women Separate group)

Identification of RR Options

NOTE: Prioritization of RR Options

Method: Group WorkStakeholders: Vulnerable Community (Women, Landless, Farmers, Fisher Folk, PwDs), UDMC, Village people.(Men & Women Separate group)

Compilation of RR Options

The facilitators will compile and prepare a common list of prioritized RR Options including the special options identified by Female participants

Method: Room Discussion Stakeholders: 4-5 representative from

Each group

RR Action Plan-RRAP Community Level MY-RRAP

Method: Group WorkStakeholders: Vulnerable Community

(Women, Landless, Farmers, Fisher Folk, PwDs), UDMC, Village people-Combined Group

Refer to Upazila DMC

A list of the RR options are to be prepared for UzDMC’s assistance

Method: Group WorkStakeholders: Vulnerable Community (Women, Landless, Farmers, Fisher Folk, PwDs), UDMC, Village people-Combined Group

Validation at UDMC Level

Presentation of the findings from Transact walk up to proposed RRAP at Community level:

Method: Plenary SessionStakeholders: UDMC leaders

including members, local elites, and representatives from primary stakeholders (Both men & women)

Comprehensive RRAP at UzDMCBased on the forwarded list of RR Options a comprehensive RRAP would be prepared:

Method: Group work Stakeholder: UzDMC members

Validation SessionValidation of the Upazila based

Comprehensive RRAP

Method: Plenary SessionStakeholders: UzDMC Leaders

including general membersNOTE: Referral may happen at this

stage too-Refer to DDMC

Impact Analysis of Risk Reduction Options

Political / Social Technical / Financial CCA/Environmental and Sustainability

CONCLUSIONThe end product is a consensual community risk assessment and set of risk reduction actions:

It includes:Prevention/ Mitigation MeasuresPreparedness Measures

Thanks