Presentation Sanitation

8/13/2019 Presentation Sanitation

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The Sulabh two-pit toilet is free from all health hazards and does not

pollute ground water or drinking water sources like hand pumps,

wells etc. if proper precautions are taken during construction.

A Sulabh toilet can be constructed at a distance of 30 feet from awell or a ! feet from a hand-pump and no distance is re"uired if

there is pro#ision of piped water suppl$.

%f there is a space constraint, then the well nearb$ should be

plastered from inside up to 30 feet, so that there is less chance of

pollution. 1

Hand-pump

Well

Sulabh two-pit, pour flush,

compost toilet

15 feet 30 feet

Prevention from Contamination of Ground

Water


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Sulabh StrategySulabh Strategy

Invention of technolog alone cannot improve the livingcondition of the people but this has to be provided at

the doorsteps of the customers and for that matter I

adopted two strategies!

"i# $otivation, %ducation, &ommunication and

'raining

"ii# 'he deliver sstem, Implementation,

maintenance and follow-ups(


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&ontacting the house-owners to

con#ince and persuade them to agree

to the con#ersion of dr$ latrines into

Sulabh Shauchala$as 'toilets(.

)rocessing of forms b$ *rban +ocal

odies.

Sulabh workers complete the

construction of toilets based on the

choice of the houseowner selectedfrom a wide range of design options.

&ertificate of completion is gi#en b$

the beneficiaries.

3

Methodology and Delivery System adopted byMethodology and Delivery System adopted by

Sulabh for Construction of Toilets:Sulabh for Construction of Toilets:


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'hereafter, )uarantee &ard is issued withSulabh accepting the responsibilit ofrectifing defects free-of-cost for a period of

one ear(

*s a proof of construction, photograph isalso ta+en of the toilets and beneficiaries(

'his methodolog helped in generating

mutual trust and confidence betweenbeneficiaries, Sulabh and rban ocal.odies(

/or effective deliver sstem of services,vision, dedication, ethics, moralit andfollow-up is essential(

'hus, more than 1( million householdtoilets have been constructedconverted bSulabh(

2


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In 1973, I introduced the sstem ofmaintenance of public toilets on pay

and use4 basis( Initiall there weres+eptical views about the functioning ofthe technologies and its success(

.ut on the ver first da 500 peopleused the public toilet in atna, .ihar(

However It too+ several ears toconvince the )overnment and thepeople(

%arlier people were not habituated topaing for the use of public toilets(

In Sulabh public toilet comple6es with

attached biogas digesters, the gasesare put to different uses li+e coo+ing,

warming oneself, lighting mantle lampsor power generation(

$ore than 7500 communit based paand use toilet are maintained b Sulabhpresentl(

Public Toilet ComplexesPublic Toilet Complexes


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Cloa room facility at Sulabh

Toilet Complex! Shirdi! "asi!Maharashtra 8

#nside $ie% & 'Dormitory( Sulabh

Toilet Complex at Deoghar!)harhand*

/acilities for loc+ers for +eeping belongings, safe drin+ing

water, telephone facilities, night shelter, health centre,

etc( are provided in Sulabh toilet comple6es(


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+ecycling and+ecycling and

+euse of ,uman+euse of ,uman

WasteWaste

e#eloped technolog$

for rec$cling of human

ecreta through biogasgeneration and on-site

treatment of effluents

for safe reuse without

health or

en#ironmental risk.

Sulabh -ffluent Treatment .S-T/ SystemSulabh -ffluent Treatment .S-T/ System


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Public Toilet linked to Biogas Digester and SulabhPublic Toilet linked to Biogas Digester and Sulabh

Effluent Treatment (SET) deviceEffluent Treatment (SET) device

:'he water discharged is treated b passing it through

sedimentation chamber, sand filter, aeration tan+, charcoal

and through ultra violet ras(


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'he effluent discharged from public toilet, after treatment, becomes

so pure that its .iochemical ;6gen


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/rom public toilets human e6creta goes inside the

digester and biogas is produced without anchemical, bacteria or change agents( ;nl 10-0

+gs( of cow dung is re=uired to be put inside the

digester on the first da of use( 'he biogas produced

is then channeli>ed for lighting mantle lamps,warming oneself in winters, coo+ing and also for

conversion into energ for street lighting(

,uman excreta based 0iogas Technology


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0iogas used for cooing

1se of 0iogas1se of 0iogas

0iogas used to %arm oneself in %inter

0iogas used for lighting of mantle lampsHuman Excreta Based Biogas Digester Linked ToHuman Excreta Based Biogas Digester Linked To

A Public Toilet ComplexA Public Toilet Complex


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Initiall, in the dual fuel genset 80%biogas and 20%diesel were re=uired to run

the engine, but now under the new sstem ignition of compressed biogas is done

through batter operated spar+ sstem(

0iogas used for electricity generation


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Prevention of 2tmospheric Pollution and Global

Warming

1 person produces 1 cubic foot biogas per da

,ence 3 billion people produce 3 billion cubic feet biogas

per day(#n biogas! the methane content is 345

So from 8 billion people, 6*7 billion cubic feet methane is

produced per da

Hence emission of methane into the atmosphere is 89*3

billion cubic metres per year*


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In a septic tan+ sstem gas pipe is re=uired to permit outflow

of gases produced into the atmosphere(

.ut in Sulabh two-pit, pour-flush, compost toilets, vent pipes

are not needed and gases are absorbed in the leach-pits into

the soil(

In Sulabh public toilet comple6es with attached biogas

digesters, the gases are burnt when put to different uses li+ecoo+ing, warming oneself, lighting mantle lamps, etc(

'hus, Sulabh technologies prevent emission of methane into

the atmosphere and reduce global warming and improve

climate change(

Prevention of 2tmospheric Pollution and Global

Warming


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Duc%eed 0ased Waste Water TreatmentDuc%eed 0ased Waste Water Treatment

'his waste water treatment is suitable

for population less than one lac(

* fast growing free floating plant(

?educes .;


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6* S;


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Sulabh Thermophilic 2erobic CompostingSulabh Thermophilic 2erobic Composting

.ST2C/ Technology for Solid Waste Management.ST2C/ Technology for Solid Waste Management

:* plant of )I sheet having double

wall filled with glass wool,partitioned with perforated sheet

into three chambers(

:?e=uires 9 A 10 das to ma+ecompost from an biodegradable

waste(

:Bo manual handling(

It functions at low temperaturealso$ore suitable for housing

colonies, hostels, hill areas( 17S'*&A $a+lorganC "


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The benefits of this technology :The benefits of this technology :

;rganic solid waste can be efficientl converted intomanure and soil conditioner, giving economic return(

It can control diseases transmitted from wasteD as at

high temperature pathogens are eliminated from it(


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$ermi=Composting

1F

It is the end product of thebrea+down of organic

matter b some species of

earthworm(

Germi-compost is a

nutrient rich natural

fertili>er and soil

conditioner( 'he process of producing

vermi-compost is called

vermi-composting(


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0

0enefits of Composting

er for agriculture purpose

?educe the e6penditure of

$unicipal bod on transportation

of Solid Wastes(

?educe the need for new landfill

site

revention of pollution caused b

Solid waste

?educe green house gas(

Compost ready to use

l bh i i i d


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Sulabh #nitiative to%ardsSulabh #nitiative to%ards

+ehabilitation of Scavengers+ehabilitation of Scavengers .oth Sulabh technologies have removed

untouchabilit( Scavengers have beenliberated from the sub-human occupation

of cleaning and carring human e6creta

as head-load for its disposal( 'he were

the worst victim of a cruel social order for

centuries and reduced to the depths of

degradation as untouchablesJ( Bai

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Presentation Sanitation