PRESENTATION: The quest to find superior avocado rootstocks · 2010. 4. 2. · Title: PRESENTATION: The quest to find superior avocado rootstocks Author: Le Lagadec, Danielle ; Campbell,

The quest to find superior

avocado rootstocks(AV07008)

Danielle Le Lagadec & Terry CampbellDanielle Le Lagadec & Terry Campbell

Queensland Primary Industries and FisheriesQueensland Primary Industries and Fisheries

VC project: Simpson Farm Pty Ltd & Birdwood NurseryVC project: Simpson Farm Pty Ltd & Birdwood Nursery

© The State of Queensland, Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation, 2009

Queensland Primary Industries and Fisheries

Aim

Identify superior rootstocks that have been excluded from existing

Australian rootstock trials

Trial site

• Established in 2004 in Childers, Central Queensland

• Trial extends over 4 ha

• 11 rootstocks with Shepard as scion & 33 rootstocks with Hass as

scion

• Five replicated plots of three trees each per rootstock with a guard tree between each plot



Trial site

• Deep well drained red soils with low Pc pressure

• Standard farm management practices

Trial monitoring

• Yields per tree, by mass and fruit number

• Fruit quality assessments after cold storage

• Tree health ratings in July (pre-flowering)

• Graft compatibility rating

• Measure tree vigour



‘Shepard’ ‘Hass’

Seedling rootstocks Clonal rootstocks Seedling rootstocks Clonal rootstocks

‘Ashdot’ (Israel)‘Degania’ (Israel)‘Reed’ (USA)‘Zutano’ (USA)BW18 (Aus)BW197 (Aus)BW2 (Aus)BW78 (Aus)‘Velvick’ (Aus)

BM1 (RSA)BM2 (RSA)

‘Ashdot’ (Israel)

‘Degania’ (Israel)‘Reed’ (USA)‘Zutano’ (USA)BW127 (Aus)

BW128 (Aus)BW140 (Aus)BW16 (Aus)BW181 (Aus)

BW19 (Aus)BW197 (Aus)BW2 (Aus)BW5 (Aus)

BW6 (Aus)BW62 (Aus)BW68 (Aus)BW7 (Aus)BW70 (Aus)

BW78 (Aus)BW80 (Aus)BW93 (Aus)‘Velvick’ (Aus)

BM1 (RSA)BM2 (RSA)‘Duke 7’ (USA)BC101 (Aus)BC128 (Aus)BC16 (Aus)BC19 (Aus)BC197 (Aus)BC62 (Aus)BC7 (Aus)‘Velvick’ (Aus)



Shepard



Average yield per tree - 2009

Avg Yield / tree - Shepard

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

Ashdot

BW

2

BW

78

Degania

BW

197

BM

2

Zuta

no

Reed

Velv

ick

BW

18

BM

1

Yie

ld (

kg

/tre

e)

Rootstock Tons / ha

Ashdot 8.18

BW2 6.93

BW78 6.69

Degania 6.13

BW197 5.96

BM2 5.52

Zutano 5.50

Reed 5.45

Velvick 5.41

BW18 4.90

BM1 4.27

Spacing 11 x 5m: 180 trees / ha

P=0.004



Tree size & effective yieldAvg canopy volume - Shepard

100

150

200

250

300

350

Velv

ick

BW

197

BW

18

Reed

BW

78

Degan

ia

BW

2

Zuta

no

BM

2

Ashdo

t

BM

1

Can

op

y v

ol (m

3)

P<0.001

Avg yield per canopy volume - Shepard

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

0.3

0.35

Ashdot

BW

2

BW

78

BM

2

Degania

BM

1

Zu

tano

Reed

BW

197

BW

18

Velv

ick

Yie

ld (k

g/m

3)

P<0.001



Cumulative yield (2006-2009)

Avg cumulative yields (2006-2009) - Shepard

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

Ashdot

Velv

ick

BW

197

BW

78

Degania

BW

2

BW

18

Zuta

no

Reed

BM

2

BM

1

Avg

yie

ld p

er

tree (

kg

)

2006 2007 2008 2009P<0.001



Tree health rating and graft compatibility



Hass



Average yield per tree 2009 – seedling rootstocks

Avg yield per tree - Hass on seedling rootstocks

0

20

40

60

80

100

As

hd

ot

BW

78

BW

68

BW

70

BW

18

1

BW

14

0

BW

7

De

ga

nia

BW

19

7

BW

19

Zu

tan

o

BW

2

BW

80

BW

6

Ve

lvic

k S

BW

16

Re

ed

BW

93

BW

12

8

BW

12

7

BW

62

BW

5

Yie

ld (

kg

)

Rootstock Tons / ha

Ashdot 13.87

BW78 13.45

BW68 13.23

BW70 12.03

BW181 11.99

BW140 11.84

BW7 11.67

Degania 11.55

BW197 11.09

BW19 10.52

Zutano 10.48

BW2 10.43

BW80 10.14

BW6 10.12

Velvick S 9.67

BW16 9.24

Reed 9.09

BW93 8.54

BW128 8.37

BW127 7.76

BW62 7.62

BW5 6.95


P=0.116



Tree size & effective yield – seedling rootstocks

Avg canopy volume - Hass on seedling rootstocks

100

125

150

175

200

225

250

275

BW

5

BW

16

BW

12

7

Ve

lvic

k

BW

12

8

BW

18

1

BW

80

BW

6

De

gan

ia

BW

14

0

Reed

BW

7

BW

78

BW

2

BW

19

BW

70

BW

62

BW

93

Zuta

no

BW

19

7

BW

68

As

hdo

t

Can

op

y v

ol

(m3)

Avg yield per canopy volume - Hass on seedling rootstocks

0.15

0.25

0.35

0.45

0.55

0.65

0.75

Ashdot

BW

68

Zuta

no

BW

78

BW

70

BW

197

BW

140

BW

7

BW

19

Degania

BW

2

BW

181

BW

93

BW

80

BW

6

Reed

BW

62

Velv

ick

BW

16

BW

128

BW

127

BW

5

Yie

ld (

kg

/m3

)

P<0.001

P<0.001



Cumulative yield (2006-2009) – seedling rootstocks

Avg cumulative yields - Hass on seedling rootstocks

0

50

100

150

200

250

BW

2

Degania

Ashdot

BW

78

BW

70

BW

7

BW

19

BW

181

BW

197

BW

140

BW

80

BW

6

BW

127

Velv

ick S

BW

62

BW

16

BW

93

BW

68

BW

5

BW

128

Zuta

no

Reed

Avg

yie

ld (

kg

/tre

e)

2006 2007 2008 2009P<0.001



Average yield per tree 2009 – clonal rootstocks

Avg yield per tree - Hass on clonal rootstocks

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

BC

62

BM

2

BM

1

BC

7

Du

ke

7

BC

10

1

Ve

lvic

k

BC

19

7

BC

16

BC

19

BC

12

8

Yie

ld (

kg

)

P<0.001

Rootstock Tons / ha

BC62 11.36

BM2 10.11

BM1 10.01

BC7 9.89

Duke 7 9.39

BC101 9.10

Velvick C 8.56

BC197 8.32

BC16 7.41

BC19 7.20

BC128 4.20




Tree size & effective yield – clonal rootstocks

Avg canopy volume - Hass on clonal rootstocks

100

120

140

160

180

200

220

240

BC

62

BC

16

BC

101

BC

19

BC

197

Velv

ick

BM

1

BM

2

BC

7

Duke 7

BC

128

Can

op

y v

ol

(m3)

Avg yield per canopy volume - Hass on clonal rootstocks

0.00

0.10

0.20

0.30

0.40

Du

ke

7

BM

2

BC

7

BM

1

BC

62

BC

10

1

Ve

lvic

k

BC

19

7

BC

19

BC

16

BC

12

8

Yie

ld (

kg

/m3

)

P=0.001

P<0.001



Cumulative yield (2006-2009) – clonal rootstocks

Avg cumulative yields - Hass on clonal rootstocks

0

50

100

150

200

250

BC

62

BC

101

BM

2

BC

197

BC

16

Velv

ick

BC

19

BC

7

BM

1

Duke 7

BC

128

Av

g Y

ield

(k

g/t

ree

)

2006 2007 2008 2009P<0.001



Tree health rating and graft compatibility



Conclusions

• Seedling rootstocks

– Ashdot appear to be a dwarfing rootstock with both

Hass and Shepard as scion,

– Ashdot produced the highest yield and was the most

productive rootstock

• Clonal rootstocks

– BC62 has consistently produced the highest yield for

the past 4 season and is the most vigorous tree



Acknowledgments

• Sincere thanks to:

– Birdwood Nursery, Simpson Farm Pty Ltd, QDPI and HAL for their financial support

– To Simpson Farm Pty Ltd for maintaining the trees and for providing the labour for the harvest

– Rachael Langenbaker and the staff of the Bundaberg Research

Station for their technical help

Documents

PRESENTATION: The quest to find superior avocado rootstocks · 2010. 4. 2. · Title: PRESENTATION: The quest to find superior avocado rootstocks Author: Le Lagadec, Danielle ; Campbell,