Presentazione di PowerPoint - ENEAprev.enea.it/2016-02-16 Martino S.pdf · Engineering-geological modelling 16/02/2016 Page 3 and local seismic response: from the site to the “city”

Dpt. Earth Sciences and Research Center for Geological Risks (CERI),“Sapienza” Università di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy

Salvatore [email protected]

MODELLAZIONE GEOLOGICO-TECNICA E RISPOSTA SISMICA LOCALE: DAGLI EFFETTI DI SITO AGLI «EFFETTI DI CITY»

ENGINEERING-GEOLOGICAL MODELLING AND LOCAL SEISMIC RESPONSE: FROM SITE TO «CITY» EFFECTS

Roma - 16 Febbraio 2016

16/02/2016 Page 2Engineering-geological modelling and local seismic response: from the site to the “city” effects

SITE EFFECTS REMARKSTOPICSSU

MM

ARY

Salvatore Martino

- Local Seismic Response and “site effects”:a) seismic amplification of heterogeneous

valley systemsb) seismic amplification of jointed rock

masses in ridge zones

- From the “free-field” to the “urban-field”: the Site-City Interaction (SCI):a) interaction of heterogeneous alluvial

fill and “city”b) advanced numerical models

«CITY EFFECTS»

16/02/2016 Page 3Engineering-geological modelling and local seismic response: from the site to the “city” effects

SUM

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Salvatore Martino

Local Seismic Effects: the beginning of a «long» history

SITE EFFECTS REMARKSTOPICS «CITY EFFECTS»TOPICS

Mexico city earthquake 1985 - Mw 8.1

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YLocal Seismic Effects: source, path, site

SITE EFFECTS REMARKSTOPICS «CITY EFFECTS»

Salvatore Martino

TOPICS

Engineering-geological modelling and local seismic response: from the site to the “city” effects

(cm

/s2 )

(cm

/s2 )

(cm

/s2 )

(cm

/s2 )

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YLocal Seismic Effects: the beginning of a «long» history


Salvatore Martino

TOPICS


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Salvatore Martino

TOPICS

Loma Prieta 1989 - Mw 7.1


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TOPICS


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Y

NATURAL SYSTEMS

CASE STUDY 1 REMARKSTOPICS CASE

STUDY 2Local seismic effects: numerical modelling

from Bard & Bouchon., 1985

Salvatore Martino

from Geli., 1988


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Y1997 Umbria-Marche earthquake (Mw 6.05)


Salvatore Martino

SITE EFFECTS


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YBorgo Cerreto (Perugia): geological setting

from Lenti et al., 2009


Salvatore Martino

SITE EFFECTS

municipio

torre

campo sportivo

Progetto ENEA-MIUR Disastri Naturali e loro Impatto sul patrimonio Artistico Culturale Italiano (resp. Dario Rinaldis)


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Y SITE EFFECTS REMARKSTOPICS «CITY EFFECTS»

Borgo Cerreto (Perugia): geological setting

Salvatore Martino

SITE EFFECTS


Evidence of heterogeneousalluvial deposits in the Nera River valley

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Alluvial fill

Slope debris

Travertine deposits

Marly limestones (Scaglia Rossa Formation, Cretaceous-Eocene)

Marly limestones (Scaglia Bianca Formation, Cretaceous)Marly limestones (Marne a Fucoidi Formation, Cretaceous)

Alluvial fan

Borehole

Attitude of strata

Fault (supposed)

Fault (observed)

Fold (axis)

Salvatore Martino

SITE EFFECTS


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, D



Salvatore Martino

SITE EFFECTS

400 m

100 m 200 m

Bard&Bouchon (1985)


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Salvatore Martino

SITE EFFECTS


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Salvatore Martino

SITE EFFECTS


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Borgo Cerreto (Perugia): 2D numerical modelling



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SITE EFFECTS

, D


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YCerreto di Spoleto (Perugia): geological features


Salvatore Martino

SITE EFFECTS

Increasing rock mass jointing from class A to E

E

from Martino et al., 2006


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Cerreto di Spoleto (Perugia): geological features

Salvatore Martino

SITE EFFECTS


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Cerreto di Spoleto (Perugia): geological features

Salvatore Martino

SITE EFFECTS


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YCerreto di Spoleto (Perugia): observed amplification



Salvatore Martino

SITE EFFECTS


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SITE EFFECTS

noise

receiver functions

SSR


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YCerreto di Spoleto (Perugia): observed amplification



Salvatore Martino

SITE EFFECTS


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Y



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SITE EFFECTS


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SITE EFFECTS

2009 L’Aquila earthquake(Mw 6.2)


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YColle di Roio hill (L’Aquila): geological setting


Salvatore Martino

SITE EFFECTS


from Hailemikael et al., 2015

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Salvatore Martino

SITE EFFECTS

Colle di Roio hill: instrumental evidences of amplification


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Colle di Roio hill: observed vs. modelled amplification


Salvatore Martino

SITE EFFECTS


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YThe Site-City Interaction


….from the site effects to the «city» effects

Salvatore Martino

«CITY EFFECTS»

from Semblat et al., 2009

Individual building

Regular city model


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Europarco test site (Rome)

Salvatore Martino

«CITY EFFECTS»

2002 2014

2009 L’Aquila earthquake

….from the «free-field» to the «urban-field» conditions


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YEuroparco test site (Rome)


Salvatore Martino

«CITY EFFECTS»


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«CITY EFFECTS»


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«CITY EFFECTS»

1) Anthropic filling material (AL-AF); 2) Sandy-Clays (AL-VSC); 3) Peaty clays (AL-PC); 4) Clays and silts (AL-CS); 5) Peat (AL-PT); 6) Sands and silty sands (AL-SD); 7) Gravels, (AL-GR). 8) Volcanic deposits from the District of Alban Hills and the M. Sabatini 561-360; 9) Pre-wurmian deposits. 10) Paleo-Tiber 4 deposits (PT-SC) 11). Clays and silts with peaty layers (PT-CL); 12) Sands and silty sands. (PT-SD); 13) Loose (PT-GR). 14) Plio-Pleistocenic bedrock; 15) Marine sands and silty sands. 16) Fault. 17) Borehole.


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Salvatore Martino

«CITY EFFECTS»

August 2009


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«CITY EFFECTS»


- 250 borehole- 1 down-hole- 1D numerical modelling calibration

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«CITY EFFECTS»

- Only the main structural elements modelled (beams and pillars) with shallow fundations and piles for the towers

- Projection of the 3D mechanical properties of the structural elements on the 2D model

- Stiffness of beams increased up to the twice of pillars to avoid rotational and torsional displacements


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«CITY EFFECTS»


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Difference of kineticenergy distribution withinthe alluvial valley in the«urban-field» conditionsis not negligeable respectto the «free-field».

This difference can be mainly related to:1) building distribution

(urban density effect)2) building properties

(double resonanceeffect)

3) heterogeneities of the alluvial fill

4) shape of the valleybedrock

from Varone et al., 2015

Salvatore Martino

«CITY EFFECTS»

(Kham et al., 2006)

dttxdtdu

TxE

T

0

2

,)(x

1

2 2

2


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Local Seismic Response SU

MM

ARY SITE EFFECTS REMARKSTOPICS «CITY EFFECTS»

Contribution to hazard

Site-City Interaction

Contribution to urban resilience

Multi-Risk mitigation

Contribution to social resilience

(culture, awareness, sustainability)

“capacity of a [social-ecological] system to absorb disturbance and re-organize while undergoing change, to still retain essentially the same function, structure, identity and feedback” (Folke, 2006)

Salvatore Martino

REMARKS


16/02/2016 Page 39

Thanks for your attention

[email protected]

Salvatore Martino Engineering-geological modelling and local seismic response: from the site to the “city” effects

Roma - 16 Febbraio 2016

Documents

Presentazione di PowerPoint - ENEAprev.enea.it/2016-02-16 Martino S.pdf · Engineering-geological modelling 16/02/2016 Page 3 and local seismic response: from the site to the “city”