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2
Summary
▪ Overview of regulations
▪ Overview of Rivacold solution
▪ CO2 – carbon dioxide
▪ CO2 Rivacold solution
▪ Case History
4
ENVIRONMENTAL RESPECT
TEWI = Total Equivalent Warning Impact
Reduction of TEWI is most important measure to fight global warning
TEWI = Direct emission + Indirect emission
RefrigerantLeakage
Energy consumption
Different types of applications have different composition of TEWI
Overview of regulations
5
Overview of regulations
GWP- Global protection warning
Gas GWP
3985
3922
2107
1825
1774
1430
1387
1397
2140
605
631
Gas GWP
7
4
3
3
1
0
High GWP
LowGWP
VeryLowGWP
10
Overview of Rivacold solutions
ENVIRONMENTAL RESPECT
TEWI = Total Equivalent Warning Impact
Reduction o TEWI is most importatnt measure to fight global warning
TEWI = Direct emission + Indirect emission
Solution Solution
R744 - CO2 system R290 - Propane system
• Natural refrigerantCO2 R744 (GWP=1) Propane R290 GWP=3
• Leakage reduction• F-Gas regulation
• Increase energy effinciency
Rivacold Answers
12
Overview of Rivacold solutions
Open Condensing Units
MT LT
Working Range (Te) 0°C ÷ -20°C -20°C ÷ -40°C
Compressor displacement 4,5 ÷ 14,3 cm3 5,6 ÷ 27,8 cm3
Cooling Capacity 355 ÷ 1018 WTa= 32°C (Te=-10°C)
195 ÷ 905WTa= 32°C (Te=-30°C)
Blocksystems for cabinets new SE
HT – 2 models MT – 4 models LT- 4 models
Working Range (Tc) +10°C ÷ +2°C +5°C ÷ -5°C -20°C ÷ -25°C
Compressor displacement 4 ÷ 4.8 cm3 4.5 ÷ 4.8cm3 10.1 ÷ 12,6 cm3
Cooling Capacity 488 ÷ 735 WTa= 30°C Tc=10°C
434 ÷ 650 WTa= 30°C Tc=5°C
458 ÷ 704 WTa= 30°C Tc=-20°C
Volumes 700/1400 700/1400 700/1400
Defrost Air Elec. HeaterHot gas
Elec. HeaterHot gas
Overview of Rivacold solutions
Packaged systems ceiling mounting SF
Packaged systems wall mounting FA/FTMT BT
Working range (Tc) +5°C ÷ -5°C -15°C ÷ -25°C
Compressor power 1/2 ÷ 2x1 HP 1 ÷ 2x1,25 HP
Capacity 1038 ÷ 3358 WTa = 32°C (Tc = 0°C)
867 ÷ 2199 WTa = 32°C (Tc = -20°C)
MT BT
Working range (Tc) +5°C ÷ -5°C -15°C ÷ -25°C
Compressor power 1/2 ÷ 2x1 HP 1 ÷ 2x1,25 HP
Capacity 1069 ÷ 3382WTa 32°C (Tc= 0°C)
873 ÷ 2142 WTa 32°C (Tc= -20°C)
13
15
Overview of Rivacold solutions
1
10
100
1000
Rivacold Rivacold Rivacold Rivacold
Condensing unit Mini-booster Booster Integrated system
max MT
max LT
max AC
kW
17
CO2 Carbon dioxide
NOT inflammableNOT toxic
(security group A1)
Inert and compatible with many of the common used
materials to make therefrigeration circuits
Traditionalrefrigeration oil
use
High operative pressure and low
criticaltemperature
Excellentthermophysicalcharacteristics
Smallercompressors
Pipingdimensionsreduction
Allowed pressure drop at leastfive times higher than the values
tolerated by traditional HFCs
High density:• More efficient heat
exchangers• Small DT
AvailableLow –cost
Natural
19
CO2 Carbon dioxide
For ambient temperature <15÷20°C the thermodynamiccycle is SUBCRITICAL
ph – diagram
20
CO2 Carbon dioxide
For ambient temperature >15÷20°C the thermodynamiccycle is TRANSCRITICAL
ph – diagram
21
CO2 Carbon dioxide
For ambient temperature >15÷20°C the thermodynamiccycle is TRANSCRITICAL
ph – diagram
Discharge pressure and temperature are independent variables.
With the same outlet temperature from the gas cooler, if the pressure increase then the cooling effect (ΔQ0) and compression work (ΔLc) increase.
An optimal pressure is needed. DQo Qo Lc DLc
35°C
22
CO2 Carbon dioxide
Users TN R
LT CO2
systemR
TN system
Users LT
ejectors
As main refrigerant
Heating discharged in environment
Heating discharged in other circuit
CO2 Units and Packs Cascade systems
As secondary refrigerant
Fluid refrigerated by chiller
Indirect System
Where is it possible to use CO2?
23
1
23
4 56
7
8
9 10
11
MT compressor
Cooling -Gas cooler
Intermediate pressure
Flash gas
Liquid
Mt evaporation
LT evaporation
LT compressor
1’
2 3
451
8
71’
6
69
10
11
CO2 Carbon dioxide
Transcritical booster system
24
1
23
4 56
7
8
9 10
11
Cooling Gas cooler
MT compressor
Intermediate pressureFlash gas
Liquid
MT evaporation
LT evaporation
LT compressor
1’
P compressor 2 3
451
8
71’
6
69
10
11
2p
2p
CO2 Carbon dioxide
Transcritical booster system with parallel compression
Efficiency +10%
A good solution for high ambient temperature
25
0°C
MT
-20°C
LT
- °C
TAP
- °C
H
R
Rack Sytem with ejector
80%20%
40%
100%
60%
1
23
4 56
7
8
9 10
11
1’
2p
LT Evaporator
MT Evaporator
LT Compressor
MT Compressor
ParallelCompressor
Gascooler
Intermediate pressure
Liquid receiver
2
2p
5
1’
4
6
3
10
11
Ejectors
P-h diagram
708kg/h708kg/h
90bar /
122°C
90bar /
37°C
36bar /
1.2°C
26bar /
13°C 36bar /
5°C
40%
Transcritical booster system with parallel compression and ejectors
CO2 Carbon dioxide
26
MT R134A + LT CO2 Cascade system
MT R404A + LT R404A
Parallel CO2 Booster system
CO2 Booster
191
238
128
Ref. Energy Heating Energy
Leak
[ton CO2/anno] [ton CO2/yr]
103
Direct
Indirect
Reference – Zone 3 (Rome)
Lower environmental impact than +18% @32°C ambient
CO2 Carbon dioxide
28
CO2 Rivacold solutions
BoosterSystem
EjectorsParallel Compression
CO2nnext
NCS R290/R744
Cascade systems
R 134/R 744
CO2
Users TN
LT CO2
systemR
TN
system
Users LT
As main refrigerant
Heating discharged in environment
Heating discharged in other circuit
CO2 Units and Packs Cascade systems
As secondary refrigerant
Fluid refrigerated by chiller
Indirect System
29
Trascritical system
Cascade system131
70
4 CO2 pumped system
CO2 Rivacold in Europe
CO2 Rivacold solutions
4
30
CO2 Rivacold solutions
Descriptions, technical data and pictures are to be considered as a guide and not bilding. Rivacold reserves the right to change in whole or part, the specification detailed in this documentation. For constantly updated data, please refer to rivacold.com website.
Packs and
Integrated systems
• MT from 20 to152 kW
• LT from 5 to 33 kW
• Air conditioning
summer/winter up to 130 kW
Gascoolers• From 1 to 8 fans
• Up to 733 kW
• Up to 1000 diameter
Evaporators• From 1 to 5 fans
• Up to 61 kW
• Up to 500 diameter
CO2nnext
• BLDC
compressor
• MT 2,5/8,2 kW
• LT 2,2/6,7 kW
• Multi application
Multi CO2nnext
• From 2 to 4 BLDC
compressors
• MT only 11/41 kW
• MT+LT 9/30kW (MT) 2/9 kW (LT)
• LT 9/20kW
• Multi application
31
Gas coolersGeneral features
Design pressure
130 bar
• Electronic fans
• Copper- aluminium heat exchangers
• Casework made of galvanized metal sheet coated by epoxy power
• Connection made of steel
• For low noise applications
• Geometry 25 x 21,65 mm
• Copper Alloy K65 for high pressure
CO2 Rivacold solutions
33
EvaporatorsGeneral features
Design pressure
75 bar
• Small footprint
• Electronic fan motors
• High efficiency blade
• Coil made of copper and aluminium
• Connection made of copper
• Aluminium made housing
CO2 Rivacold solutions
35
CO2 Rivacold solutions
CO2NNEXT is a range of condensing units and split systems using R744 transcritical variable speed BLDC hermetic compressor for medium and low temperature applications in convenient stores’ cold rooms, counters and wall display cabinets.
Thanks to a new generation of control for CO2 this easy to install system is designed for connecting up to 5 utilities.
Energy efficiency, eco-sustainability and perfect food conservation are guaranteed by Rivacold.
MEDIUM TEMPERATURE (TC -5;+5 °C)LOW TEMPERATURE (TC -25;-15 °C)
NATURAL GAS (GWP 1)
ENERGY EFFICIENCY
LOW NOISE
36
CO2 Rivacold solutions
PRODUCT
Condensing Unit
HP=120 bar / LP=60bar
Self-supporting housing made of galvanized steel with epoxy powder
Low noise insulation (optional)
High efficiency BLDC compressor
Built-in gascooler with EC fan/s motor
Liquid receiver , PS=80bar
Dryer filter and sight glass
Liquid subcooling
Safety pressure switch
High and low pressure probe
Built-in power and control electrical box
Nitrogen pressurized system
PED I
Split Version
Cubic unit cooler with electrical defrost
Electronic termostatic valve fitted on evaporator
Remote room control panel
37
CO2 Rivacold solutions
PRODUCT
MT Range CapacityTa 32 °C - EvaporationTemp -10°C
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
CO2NNEXT 30 CO2NNEXT 45 CO2NNEXT 67 CO2NNEXT 100
CA
PA
CIT
Y (
W)
Min. capacity
Max.capacity
38
CO2 Rivacold solutions
PRODUCT
Thanks to the BLDC compressor and electronic controls,CO2NNEXT constantly monitors the internal temperature of coldrooms and regulates the refrigerant circuit and the thermostaticvalve so as to ensure the quick recovery of the desired storagetemperature and optimum food preservation
This technology allows to increase the shelf life of foods up to twodays longer than standard systems.
39
CO2 Rivacold solutions
PRODUCT
The use of a natural gas such as R 744 (GWP 1) involves a directemission related to gas charge of 0,0032 (Ton CO2 equivalent) vs 11,77of a R 404 A unit.
Thanks to BLDC compressor, electronic controls and R 744 natural gas,CO2NNEXT saves 21% comparing to a R 404 standard unit
▪ Maximum energy saving
▪ Low environmental impact
-21%
NATURAL GAS (GWP 1)ENERGY EFFICIENCY
EFFICIENCY & ECO
40
CO2 Rivacold solutions
PRODUCTUnit Coolers
Design pressure 75 bar
Small footprintEC fan motorsIP55High efficiency bladeCoil made of copper and aluminium Connection made of K65Aluminium made housing
41
CO2 Rivacold solutions
PRODUCT
OPERATING SYSTEM
CONDENSING UNIT
EVAPORATOR
ELECTRONIC CONTROL
COLD ROOM
Liquid Line
Suction Line
42
CO2 Rivacold solutions
CONNECTIONS with up to 5 utilities(cold rooms and/or
cabinets)
MULTIAPPLICATION
43
CO2 Rivacold solutions
OPERATING SYSTEM
EASY INSTALLATION
A flexible, efficient and environmentally friendly system: the only thing to do is connect the liquid line and the suction line
to the evaporators and select the desired storage temperature
45
CO2 Rivacold solutions
Cold climates < 8°C
Mild climates 8-15°C
Warm climates >15°C
Transcritical CO2 booster system
Transcritical CO2 booster system+
Parallel compression
Installation
Transcritical CO2 booster system+Parallel compression+Ejector
46
CO2 Rivacold solutions
Large energy saving potential in warm ambient with ejector technology
Comparison made @ 32 °C
Comparison made @ 44 °C
48
Highly-efficient, full CO2 integrated systemWhere: 1500 sm in Monticello Brianza (Lc) ITALY
This natural gas system is ideal where the demand for heating and air conditioning is greater than the one for refrigeration. Indeed, in this installation, the system can supply a capacity of 90 kW for medium-temperature utilities, 20 kW for low-temperature utilities and up to 130 kW of air conditioning (both in summer cooling and winter heating mode), as well as 20 kW of DHW.
Special features: parallel compression and total heat recovery
-15% energy consumption vs standard CO2 booster
The smart solution of the gas cooler with built-in evaporator, combined with a customised control software developed by Rivacold, allows evaporation at higher temperatures, even on cold days. Unlike heat pumps, this system guarantees a much simpler management of defrosting and, above all, low consumption andexcellent heating performances in the winter, especially during initial opening hours, when the demand could be higher because the heating system is switched off at night, by recovering heat from the refrigeration system which is always up and running.
Case history
49
Case history
Where: Carrefour Logistic Centre, Nord-Ovest, Torino. ITALY
CO2 as the refrigerating fluid held at a constant temperature
Two packs operating on R134a (providing a total capacity of 800kW) are dedicated to refrigerate CO2 in its liquid state, which is held in a receiver located as part of the pump station. This process is entirely managed by a software designed by Rivacold. Two pumps, both inverter driven guarantee maximum safety and continual operation in the event of a pump failure. The CO2 in its liquid state arrives to evaporators without undergoing any expansion then returns to the receiver tank to supply the circuit again. In order to assure that the CO2 in the circuit is kept in its liquid state the saturated gas naturally forming in the heat exchangers is condensed through 8 plate heat exchangers (4 across each pack) giving heat to the R134a that is being expanded by high efficiency electronic valves.The system uses forced circulation of liquid CO2, compared with traditional indirect fluid systems such as those with propylene or ethylene glycol it offers many advantages. It is especially beneficial for larger capacity applications involving long pipe runs between the plant and areas to be refrigerated. Benefits include:▪ reduced refrigeration capacities and smaller pipe sizes;▪ low energy consumption for pumping; ▪ no temperature variation to the evaporators;▪ no problem of oil return;▪ no toxic fluid kept in the circuit, as is constantly
in a liquid state;▪ high efficiency thermal exchange.
Pumped system