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PRESENTED BY: AMY SHANNON
Animation: From Cartoons to the User Interface
Bay-Wei Chang and David Ungar. 1993. Animation: from cartoons to the user interface. In Proceedings of the 6th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology (UIST '93). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 45-55. http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/168642.168647
About the Authors
Bay-Wei Chang has worked at Stanford, Palo Alto Research Center, and Google. His most recent publication (2005) related to query-free news searches.
David Ungar has worked at UC Berkely, Stanford, Sun Microsystems, and IBM Research. His most recent publication (2014) related to context-oriented programming.
The Problem
UI events are startling and confusing to users
Difficulty connecting screen states
Objects act in unrealistic ways
The Solution
Wile E. Coyote & Road Runner
Movie Clip: http://www.lghs.net/ourpages/users/dburns/RRPhysics/Road_Runner_Physics/Movie.html(Introduction Video)
Solidity
Motion Blur
Arrivals & Departures
Dissolves
Road Runner Self UI
Motion Blur
Exaggeration
Movie Clip: http://www.lghs.net/ourpages/users/dburns/RRPhysics/Road_Runner_Physics/Movie.html(Log Tunnel Video)
Exaggeration
Anticipation Lean back before they start running
Follow Through Vibrate after they stop running
When objects move on their own in the UI, they follow these same principles
Reinforcement
Movie Clip: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HI0x0KYChq4
Reinforcement
Slow In & Out
Arcs
Follow Through
Why Cartoons?
Theatrical
Engaging
Similar medium
Animators have achieved successes of “communication, vibrancy, and illusion”
Why Not Cartoons?
Users don’t interact with cartoons
UIs are for work, not play
Discussion Questions
1. Which of these animation techniques are still present in modern-day UIs? Which are not? Why were some of these techniques beneficial at that time but not now?
2. Are there modern animation techniques that could be applied to UIs? Or, are there animation techniques that were applied after this paper was written?
3. The authors justify their use of cartoon animation by saying cartoons are theatrical and engaging, and that these qualities are beneficial to a UI. Do you agree? When/how are current UIs "theatrical"?
