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Federal AviationAdministrationCRM
For General Aviation
Sun N’ Fun
Steve Brady
April 13, 2008
Federal AviationAdministration
2
April 13, 2008
CRM Crew Resource Management
Sun N’ Fun 2008
CRM For General Aviation
• Is General Aviation Safer Than Air Carrier Transportation?
Federal AviationAdministration
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April 13, 2008
CRM Crew Resource Management
Sun N’ Fun 2008
CRM For General Aviation
NO
Federal AviationAdministration
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April 13, 2008
CRM Crew Resource Management
Sun N’ Fun 2008
CRM For General Aviation
Accidents Fatalities
Accidents Accidents
per 100,000 per 100,000
Flight Hours Departures
All Fatal Total Aboard Flight Hours Departures All Fatal All Fatal
U.S. air carriers operating under 14 CFR 121
Scheduled 25 2 50 49 18,900,000 11,200,000 0.132 0.011 0.223 0.018
Nonscheduled 6 0 0 0 660,000 210,000 0.909 - 2.857 -
U.S. air carriers operating under 14 CFR 135
Commuter 3 1 2 2 280,000 500,875 1.071 0.357 0.599 0.200
On-Demand 54 10 16 16 3,600,000 - 1.50 0.28 - -
U.S. general aviation 1,515 303 698 538 22,800,000 - 6.64 1.32 - -
U.S. civil aviation 1,603 316 766 605
Other accidents in the U.S.
Foreign registered aircraft 9 3 5 5
U.S. registered aircraft operated - - - -
by foreign air carriers
Unregistered aircraft 11 5 8 8
U.S registered aircraft operated abroad by foreign air carriers 1 0 0 0
•GA 1603 316 766 605
Federal AviationAdministration
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April 13, 2008
CRM Crew Resource Management
Sun N’ Fun 2008
CRM For General Aviation
WHY
Federal AviationAdministration
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April 13, 2008
CRM Crew Resource Management
Sun N’ Fun 2008
CRM For General Aviation
• Level D• $$$$$$
•Type Ratings
•Testing & Checking
•Advanced Training
Federal AviationAdministration
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April 13, 2008
CRM Crew Resource Management
Sun N’ Fun 2008
CRM For General Aviation
•Multiple Emergencies
•Low Minimum Approaches
•Crew Resource Opportunities
Federal AviationAdministration
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April 13, 2008
CRM Crew Resource Management
Sun N’ Fun 2008
CRM For General Aviation
• Commercial Operators typically fly EVERYDAY
• General Aviation is typically recreational flying. (with exception of corporate)
• How often do you fly?
• How often do you train?
Federal AviationAdministration
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April 13, 2008
CRM Crew Resource Management
Sun N’ Fun 2008
CRM For General Aviation
NOTAMS
Graphic TFR
Can you read a TFR
NOTAM?
Federal AviationAdministration
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April 13, 2008
CRM Crew Resource Management
Sun N’ Fun 2008
CRM For General Aviation
• Preparation
• Assess Risk• Assess Skills
•Does this remind you of anyone you know?
Federal AviationAdministration
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April 13, 2008
CRM Crew Resource Management
Sun N’ Fun 2008
CRM For General Aviation
Sky Condition/Loading
Federal AviationAdministration
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April 13, 2008
CRM Crew Resource Management
Sun N’ Fun 2008
CRM For General Aviation
Sky Condition/Loading
Federal AviationAdministration
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April 13, 2008
CRM Crew Resource Management
Sun N’ Fun 2008
CRM For General Aviation
When you are single pilot what are your CRM resources?
• Ground personal• Arriving pilots• FSS• Internet providers• Local pilots knowledge• ATC
Federal AviationAdministration
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April 13, 2008
CRM Crew Resource Management
Sun N’ Fun 2008
CRM For General Aviation
• Develop methods prior to flight that utilizes the resources of the non-flying pilot.
• Checklist Coordination
• Instrumentation Monitoring
• Eyes and Ears
Federal AviationAdministration
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April 13, 2008
CRM Crew Resource Management
Sun N’ Fun 2008
CRM For General Aviation
Utilizing CRM when you are single pilot (solo)
Federal AviationAdministration
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April 13, 2008
CRM Crew Resource Management
Sun N’ Fun 2008
CRM For General Aviation
• This is just how the Carriers do it.
• Establish your own method of CRM
• If SOLO CRM: Cockpit Resource
• If someone else up front: Crew Resource
Federal AviationAdministration
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April 13, 2008
CRM Crew Resource Management
Sun N’ Fun 2008
CRM For General Aviation
Utilizing the non-flying (monitoring pilot)
Federal AviationAdministration
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April 13, 2008
CRM Crew Resource Management
Sun N’ Fun 2008
•AC 91-73A
•Single Pilot Procedures During Taxi Operations
Federal AviationAdministration
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April 13, 2008
CRM Crew Resource Management
Sun N’ Fun 2008
CRM For General Aviation
• As you can see if you utilize your resources you can reduce some of the risks involved with General Aviation flying.
• BY adopting some of the Air Carriers methods practices.
Federal AviationAdministration
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April 13, 2008
CRM Crew Resource Management
Sun N’ Fun 2008
CRM For General Aviation
What is the bottom line folks?
1. Change GA’s culture
2. Lower accident rate
3. Lower fatalities
4. Raise awareness & confidence
Federal AviationAdministration
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April 13, 2008
CRM Crew Resource Management
Sun N’ Fun 2008
CRM For General Aviation
Accidents Fatalities
Accidents Accidents
per 100,000 per 100,000
Flight Hours Departures
All Fatal Total Aboard Flight Hours Departures All Fatal All Fatal
U.S. air carriers operating under 14 CFR 121
Scheduled 25 2 50 49 18,900,000 11,200,000 0.132 0.011 0.223 0.018
Nonscheduled 6 0 0 0 660,000 210,000 0.909 - 2.857 -
U.S. air carriers operating under 14 CFR 135
Commuter 3 1 2 2 280,000 500,875 1.071 0.357 0.599 0.200
On-Demand 54 10 16 16 3,600,000 - 1.50 0.28 - -
U.S. general aviation 1,515 303 698 538 22,800,000 - 6.64 1.32 - -
U.S. civil aviation 1,603 316 766 605
Other accidents in the U.S.
Foreign registered aircraft 9 3 5 5
U.S. registered aircraft operated - - - -
by foreign air carriers
Unregistered aircraft 11 5 8 8
U.S registered aircraft operated abroad by foreign air carriers 1 0 0 0
Federal AviationAdministration
22
April 13, 2008
CRM Crew Resource Management
Sun N’ Fun 2008
CRM For General Aviation
• ONLY YOU CAN MAKE A DIFFERENCE
Federal AviationAdministration
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April 13, 2008
CRM Crew Resource Management
Sun N’ Fun 2008
CRM For General Aviation
• TOGETHER WE CAN MAKE GA WORK
