PRESIDENTIALROLES

PRESIDENTIALPOWERS

EXECUTIVEOFFICES

PRESIDENTIALSUCCESSION

QUALIFICATIONS

VICE PRESIDENTSDUTIES

Created by Article II of the Constitution

PRESIDENTIAL QUALIFICATIONS

AGE 35

CITIZENSHIPNATURAL BORN

U.S. CITIZEN

RESIDENCY

HAVE LIVED IN THE U.S. AT

LEAST 14 YEARS

TO BE THE PRESIDENT YOU MUST FILL ALLOF THE FORMAL REQUIREMENTS.

How often has a candidate won the popular vote and lost the

election?

3 times!

• 1876: Rutherford Hayes vs. Samuel Tilden

• 1888: Benjamin Harrison vs. Grover Cleveland

• 2000: George W. Bush vs. Al Gore

EXECUTIVEPOWERS

DIPLOMATICPOWERS

MILITARYPOWERS

LEGISLATIVEPOWERS

POWERS OF THE PRESIDENT

JUDICIALPOWERS

EXECUTIVE POWERSEXECUTIVE POWERS ARE THOSE POWERS THE PRESIDENT HAS AND USES TO MAKE SURE THAT FEDERAL LAW IS CARRIED OUT. THEY INCLUDE:

EXECUTINGTHE LAW

APPOINTING POWER

REMOVAL POWERORDINANCE POWER

EXECUTING THE LAWTHE PRESIDENT HAS THE JOB, RESPONSIBILITY AND DUTY TO MAKE SURE THAT ALL LAWS ARE ENFORCED AND ADMINISTERED, AS PER THE CONSTITUTION:

ARTICLE II, SECTION 1, CLAUSE 8 (THE PRESIDENTIAL OATH)

ARTCLE II, SECTION 3, CALLED THE “TAKE CARE” POWER

* The President has the power to issue executive orders.

This power allows the president the authority to create laws or determine how existing laws should be carried out

The ORDINANCE POWER

Executive Order 10730: Desegregation of Central High School (1957)

• This executive order of September 23, 1957, signed by President Dwight Eisenhower, sent Federal troops to maintain order and peace while the integration of Central High School in Little Rock, AR, took place

•The President has the power to appoint nearly three million federal civilian employees.•Once the President receives the consent of the Senate, he appoints most of the top-ranking officials in the Federal Government.

•Some examples are: federal judges, cabinet members, heads of independent agencies, and officers of the military.

THE APPOINTING POWER

SENATORIAL COURTESY – Presidential Appointments Need Appointees Home Senators Approval

*The President can remove anyone from office who he has appointed.

*The only restriction on this power is that the President cannot remove Supreme Court Justices from the bench.

*Three major reasons for removal are: inefficiency in office, neglect of duty, or inappropriate behavior.

THE REMOVAL POWER

DIPLOMATIC POWERSTHE PRESIDENTS DIPLOMATIC POWERS ARE

AMONG HIS MOST POWERFUL. THEY INCLUDE:

POWER TO MAKE TREATIES

POWER OF EXECUTIVE AGREEMENTS

POWER OF RECOGNITION

*treaty=formal agreement between two or more sovereign states*The President usually negotiates treaties through the Secretary of State.*The Senate must give approval for these international agreements with a 2/3 vote.

POWER TO MAKE TREATIES

*The President, representing the United States, acknowledges the legal existence of that country and its government.*This recognition can make or break the survival of a new country.

*This recognition is not permanent. It can change with revolutions or changes in government.

THE POWER OF RECOGNITION

MILITARY POWERS

*During wartime, the President can make critical decisions that he feels is necessary for wartime AS COMMANDER AND CHIEF.

*The President also has the power to send troops into combat, without approval by Congress. This is referred to as undeclared war.

LEGISLATIVE POWERS*The President possesses the power to submit OR RECOMMEND ideas to Congress.

*The President gives a “State of the Union” address each year, where he presents ideas for new legislation to Congress.

THE POWER OF VETO

*When a bill is presented to the President, he can do one of four things:1. Sign it and pass the law, 2. Veto the law,

3. While Congress is in session, he can not touch the bill and it will pass in 10 days 4. Pocket veto, or while

Congress is not in session, he can not touch the bill and it will not pass.

JUDICIAL POWERS

PARDON – ISSUED BY THE PRESIDENT IT IS LEGAL FORGIVENESS FOR A CRIME

* On average presidents have pardoned 200 people per term

ACCORDING TO ARTICLE II, SECTION 2, CLAUSE 1 THE PRESIDENT HAS THE POWER TO ISSUE:

ROLES OF THE PRESIDENT

CHIEFEXECUTIVE

CHIEFCITIZEN

CHIEFADMINISTRATOR

CHIEFDIPLOMAT

COMMANDERAND CHIEF

CHIEFLEGISLATOR

CHIEF OFPARTY

CHIEF OFSTATE

CHIEF EXECUTIVE

• Make sure all fed. Laws are followed

• Plans the national budget

• Appoints fed. Officials

• Pardon people for crimes

• Issues executive orders

CHIEF DIPLOMAT

• Represents the US to citizens and to foreign countries

CHIEF LEGISLATOR

• Proposes new laws

• Veto a bill

• Encourages congress to pass new laws

CHIEF OF STATE

This role of the President states that the President is the head of the national government.

CHIEF ADMINISTRATOR

This role of the President states that the President is the “boss” of government employees.

COMMANDER IN CHIEF

• Appoints high-ranking military officials

• Controls the size of the armed forces

• Sends troops to fight but cannot declare war.

CHIEF OF PARTY

• Campaigns for party candidates

• Supports important party issues.

EXECUTIVE OFFICES“The President’s right arm”as it is referred to is the several offices that are staffed by the President’s closest advisors, and are designed to help the President make, and enforce policy. They include:

NATIONALSECURITYCOUNCIL

OFFICE OF MANAGEMENTAND BUDGET

OFFICE OF NATIONAL DRUG

CONTROL POLICY

COUNCIL OFECONOMICADVISORS

CABINET OTHERS

CABINETThe Cabinet is a group of the President's top advisors. It is made up of the heads of the 15 main executive departments.

Each of the department heads has the title Secretary, like Secretary of Defense or Secretary of Education, except for the head of the Justice Department who is called the Attorney General.

Vice President: Joseph Biden

Secretary of State: John Kerry

Treasury Secretary: Timothy Geithner

Secretary of Defense:

Attorney General: Eric Holder

Secretary of the Interior:

Secretary of Labor

Secretary of Agriculture

VICE PRESIDENTIAL DUTIESBY CONSTITUTION THE VICE PRESIDENT HAS

ONLY TWO FORMAL DUTIES:

1. PRESIDE OVER THE SENATE

2. HELP DECIDE THE QUESTION OF PRESIDENTIAL DISABILITY

3. PRESIDENTIAL DISABILITY IS WHEN THE PRESIDENT IS UNABLE TO CARRY OUT HIS DUTIES

THE ONLY OTHER ASSUMED PURPOSE OF THE VICE PRESIDENT IS TO BE A PRESIDENT IN WAITING.

PRESIDENTIAL SUCCESSIONIS THE ORDER IN WHICH INFERIOR OFFICERS CAN BE

PROMOTED TO THE OFFICE OF PRESIDENT IN CASE OF A VACANCY. THE CURRENT SYSTEM WAS ESTABLISHED BY

THE 25TH AMENDMENT AND CURRENTLY HAS 18 POSITIONS. HERE ARE THE FIRST 10.

1 VICE PRESIDENT 6 SECRETARY OF DEFENSE

2 SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE 7 ATTORNEY GENERAL

3PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE

8SECRETARY OF THE INTERIOR

4 SECRETARY OF STATE 9SECRETARY OF AGRICULTURE

5SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY

10SECRETARY OF COMMERCE