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PRIM
ARY A
ND SECONDARY
SOURCES
L I BR
AR
Y L
ES
SO
N
PRIMARY SOURCE
Primary means: first, firsthand, direct
So, a primary source is something written or created by someone who
experienced the event firsthand, personally or directly OR lived through the event or lived during that time period
PRIMARY SOURCE EXAMPLES
Diary
Speech
Letters
Autobiography
News footage
Official documents/records
Personal interview
OTHER EXAMPLES-PRIMARY
Relics or Artifacts
Creative works Art Music Poetry Drama
SPECIFIC EXAMPLES
Diary of Anne Frank
Declaration of Independence
Actual news footage of a Civil Rights demonstration
Photos of a Concentration Camp
Letters from a soldier to his family
Egyptian hieroglyphics
Lyrics to a Lady Ga Ga song
SECONDARY SOURCE
Derived from something original
It interprets and analyzes primary sources
In other words, it is one or more steps removed from the original source.
SECONDARY SOURCE EXAMPLES
Textbook
Magazine article
Encyclopedias
History book
WHICH IS BETTER
Well it depends…..
Primary is firsthand knowledge, so it can really be good
BUT Primary sources may not be objective; lots of personal perspective
WHICH IS BETTER (CONT’D.)
Secondary sources are less authoritative because they are interpreting other sources
BUT
Secondary sources can be More objective Combine information from many sources, possibly making it more
thorough
REVIEW
Primary - Firsthand
Secondary - Secondhand (or more)
What is your objective: Depending on what you are trying to achieve, you can decide if one or the other is better. Sometimes, both are great sources to use simultaneously.
EXAMPLE NPR BROADCAST
South Vietnam surrenders to North Vietnam
USS Kirk helps South Vietnamese escape in daring rescue at sea
Primary sources: Listen to interviews and tape recordings
Secondary sources: Reporters analyzing and summarizing the primary source info.
Powerful stuff! Listen closely (about 12 min)
http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=129484369
http://public.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2010/08/20100831_atc_06.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1136&aggIds=129580052&dl=1&_kip_ipx=1191705387-1377786819
Secondary link:
http://minnesota.publicradio.org/features/npr.php?id=129484369
WORKS CITED
These are the sources used:
"Primary and Secondary Sources." . Ithaca College Library, n.d. Web. 3 Sep 2013. <http://www.ithacalibrary.com/sp/subjects/primary>.
Shapiro, Joseph, writ. "Forgotten Ship: A Daring Rescue As Saigon Fell." National Public Radio: 31 Aug 2010. Web. 29 Aug 2013. <http://public.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2010/08/20100831_atc_06.mp3?orgId=1>.
"What is a Primary Source." . Princeton University. Web. 3 Sep 2013. <http://www.princeton.edu/~refdesk/primary2.html>.