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Principles of CommunicationChapter 10: Public SpeakingW.I.I.F.M?Language Department, Office of General Education, Faculty of Hospitality IndustryFor Excellence in Hospitality EducationArj. Zeph Norrish1

SCOPEChapter 10 Lecture and Discussion:Terminology for Public Speaking EventsImportance of Preparation for Public Speaking Various Public Speaking Situations

Chapter 10 Case StudyInstructor ReviewStudent Q&APrinciples of CommunicationSecond Semester 2013Slide No. #10.3 AudiencesAn audience is an individual or group of people who are participating in a presentation to gain some new information.

You adapt your presentation to meet the needs, interests, and background of the audience.

Principles of CommunicationSecond Semester 2013Slide No. #10.3 AudiencesSometimes your presentation is informal, but other times a proposal or sales presentation is needed formal.

Sales presentations are most successful in the long term when they:Establish client relationshipsConsider client needsListen to and welcome clients participationFocus on benefits not featuresUse effective closings

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10.3 AudiencesIdentify the common division of audiencesExperts: These are the people who know the theory and the product inside and out.Technicians: These are the people who build, operate, maintain, and repair the stuff that the experts design and theorize about.Executives: These are the people who make business, economic, administrative, legal, governmental or political decisions on the stuff that the experts and technicians work with.Non-specialists: These readers have the least technical knowledge of all.Principles of CommunicationSecond Semester 2013Slide No. #10.4 Audience AnalysisKnowing the common division of audiences is important, but it is not the end.

Consider the followingWhat is the background knowledge, experience, and training history of the audience?What are the needs and interests of the audience?What are any other demographic characteristics? Age? Religion? Location?

Principles of CommunicationSecond Semester 2013Slide No. #10.4 Audience AnalysisAudience analysis is the collection of information about an audience and determining the characteristics that would affect their participation.

More than one audienceFormat the presentation for general audiences, and then add headings and section introductions to alert your audience about how to use your report.

Wide variability in an audienceAgain, format for general audiences, and then put the supplemental information in appendixes or insert cross-references to beginners' books.Principles of CommunicationSecond Semester 2013Slide No. #10.5 Guidelines for PlanningUse the following considerations during your planning process

Principles of CommunicationSecond Semester 2013Slide No. #10.5 Guidelines for PlanningReview the three tables on pages 124 to 125 for ideas on different techniques for presenting a speech.

Principles of CommunicationSecond Semester 2013Slide No. #10.6 Audience AdaptationAudience adaptation refers to the process of adjusting one's topic, purpose, language, and communication style in order to avoid offending or alienating members of the audience.Add information readers need to understand your presentation. Omit information your audience does not need. Change the level of the information you currently have. Add examples to help the audience understand. Change the level of your examples. Change the organization of your information. Strengthen transitions the connections between the main sections of your presentation.Prepare stronger introductions for the presentation and individual sections. Principles of CommunicationSecond Semester 2013Slide No. #10.7 Persuasive StrategiesCredibility is the persuasive force that comes from the audiences belief in and respect for the speaker. Demonstrate Your CompetenceEarn the Trust of Your AudienceEmphasize Your Similarity to the Audience

Aristotle crafted a study of persuasion called The Rhetoric

Principles of CommunicationSecond Semester 2013Slide No. #10.7 Persuasive StrategiesAvoid the following common fallacies:Personal Attack (Ad Hominem): attacks the person and not what theyre saying.Reduction to the Absurd (Reductio Ad Absurdum): attacks an argument by making it look ridiculous, but doesnt prove anything.False Cause (Post Hoc Ergo Propter Hoc): mistakenly assumes that recent events are connected. Bandwagon Appeal (Argumentum Ad Populum): the notion that because many people favor an idea, you should too.

Principles of CommunicationSecond Semester 2013Slide No. #10.8 Public Speaking and Self-ConfidenceConfidence is that innate quality in us that gives us the ability to make decisions without worrying that we might be wrong.

Self-confidence builds belief, faith and trust in our own capabilities and makes us sure of ourselves.

Principles of CommunicationSecond Semester 2013Slide No. #The following are simple tips for gaining self-confidence in a speech:SmileMake eye contactChange your inner voiceForget other peoples standardsMake the most of your appearancePray or meditate briefly center yourselfReframeFind the next stepSpeak slowlyContribute something10.8 Public Speaking and Self-Confidence

Principles of CommunicationSecond Semester 2013Slide No. #10.9 Sample Persuasive PresentationThe sample presentation on pages 129 to 133 demonstrates most of the persuasive principles covered in this chapter as well as the general guidelines about speaking to an audience.

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Lessons from JobsSet the themeMake your theme clear and consistentProvide the Outline (open and close each section)Demonstrate Enthusiasm (Wow!)Make numbers meaningfulGive em a showRehearse, rehearse, rehearseOh! and ONE MORE THINGPrinciples of CommunicationSecond Semester 2013Slide No. #

BREAK!Now, take a 30-minute break and then return to the class to work on your term paper focus.

Enjoy!

Take a break!Principles of CommunicationSecond Semester 2013Slide No. #Handout ReviewYou will now be given a handout with comprehension questions.

Use the book and the notes youve taken to answer the questions as best as possible.

You have 45-minutes to complete the handouts and return them to the instructor at the end of class.Principles of CommunicationSecond Semester 2013Slide No. #HOMEWORK!No homework.

Principles of CommunicationSecond Semester 2013Slide No. #Case Study ReviewTake 15-minutes to compare your case study summaries with a partner and create a revised idea to present.

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