Principles of Physics in Principles of Physics in NursingNursing

Sarfraz MasihSarfraz MasihSarfraz MasihSarfraz MasihRN, DCC, Post RN BScN, MScNRN, DCC, Post RN BScN, MScN

Principal, Principal, p ,p ,

Karachi King’s College of Nursing, KarachiKarachi King’s College of Nursing, Karachig g g,g g g,

Objecti esObjectives By the end of this unit the learners will beBy the end of this unit the learners will beBy the end of this unit, the learners will be By the end of this unit, the learners will be

able toable toDi th f i i l f h i iDi th f i i l f h i i1.1. Discuss the use of principles of physics in Discuss the use of principles of physics in nursing procedures.nursing procedures.

Introduction to the science of physics Introduction to the science of physics Relationship of physics to nursingRelationship of physics to nursingMeasurement and accuracy Measurement and accuracy

Sarfraz Masih, Principal, KKCON, KarachiSarfraz Masih, Principal, KKCON, Karachi 22

Introduction to Science of Introduction to Science of PhysicsPhysics

Let’s begin with a questionLet’s begin with a question

What is science?What is science?

Sarfraz Masih, Principal, KKCON, KarachiSarfraz Masih, Principal, KKCON, Karachi 33

Introduction to Science of Introduction to Science of PhysicsPhysics

ScienceScienceScienceScienceScience is a systemic way of acquiring Science is a systemic way of acquiring knowledge of natural world which is basedknowledge of natural world which is basedknowledge of natural world which is based knowledge of natural world which is based upon the belief that events in the world of upon the belief that events in the world of nature occur not capriciously butnature occur not capriciously butnature occur not capriciously but nature occur not capriciously but according to an orderly. according to an orderly.

Sarfraz Masih, Principal, KKCON, KarachiSarfraz Masih, Principal, KKCON, Karachi 44

Introduction to Science of Introduction to Science of PhysicsPhysics

PhysicsPhysicsPhysics Physics Physics is a branch of science which is Physics is a branch of science which is related to study of how energy and matterrelated to study of how energy and matterrelated to study of how energy and matter related to study of how energy and matter influence each other. influence each other. Physics has marked impact upon how Physics has marked impact upon how modern, civilized man reasons, makes modern, civilized man reasons, makes

d d dd d djudgments and arrives at decisions. judgments and arrives at decisions.

Sarfraz Masih, Principal, KKCON, KarachiSarfraz Masih, Principal, KKCON, Karachi 55

Relationship of Physics to Relationship of Physics to NursingNursing

Nursing leaders describe nursing as a kindNursing leaders describe nursing as a kindNursing leaders describe nursing as a kind Nursing leaders describe nursing as a kind of creative process in which the nurse of creative process in which the nurse makes important decisions and judgmentsmakes important decisions and judgmentsmakes important decisions and judgments. makes important decisions and judgments. Nurses’ interventions affect the health and Nurses’ interventions affect the health and welfare of society memberswelfare of society memberswelfare of society members. welfare of society members. So, it is very important that the nurse’s So, it is very important that the nurse’s d i i d j d t h ld bd i i d j d t h ld bdecisions and judgments should be decisions and judgments should be intelligent and responsible. intelligent and responsible.

Sarfraz Masih, Principal, KKCON, KarachiSarfraz Masih, Principal, KKCON, Karachi 66

Relationship of Physics to Relationship of Physics to NursingNursing

The science of Physics offers the nurse whoThe science of Physics offers the nurse whoThe science of Physics offers the nurse who The science of Physics offers the nurse who aspires to become an intervention aspires to become an intervention agentagent inspiration guidance and challengeinspiration guidance and challengeagentagent inspiration, guidance, and challenge inspiration, guidance, and challenge as well as countless models of the types of as well as countless models of the types of creative and critical thinking that havecreative and critical thinking that havecreative and critical thinking that have creative and critical thinking that have accelerated human progress. accelerated human progress.

Sarfraz Masih, Principal, KKCON, KarachiSarfraz Masih, Principal, KKCON, Karachi 77

Have A Look!Have A Look!Have A Look!Have A Look!

General Relationship of Some Physiologic General Relationship of Some Physiologic Processes Therapeutic Procedures andProcesses Therapeutic Procedures andProcesses, Therapeutic Procedures and Processes, Therapeutic Procedures and Apparatus to Certain Aspects of PhysicsApparatus to Certain Aspects of Physics

Sarfraz Masih, Principal, KKCON, KarachiSarfraz Masih, Principal, KKCON, Karachi 88

HeatMeasurement

E g TPRHeatE.g. Steam Inhalation

ForceE.g. BP

E.g. TPR

PressureE.g. O-2Therapy

Motion E.g. CentrifugeTherapy

Work & Gravity

Aspects of Physics

EnergyE.g. Blood

GravityE.g. Postural

Drainage

Molecular Physics

E.g. Artificial Specific

Centre of Gravity

E g Lifting pt

Sarfraz Masih, Principal, KKCON, KarachiSarfraz Masih, Principal, KKCON, Karachi 99

Kidneyp

GravityE.g. Urine

E.g. Lifting pt.

Accuracy & MeasurementAccuracy & MeasurementAccuracy & MeasurementAccuracy & Measurement

AccuracyAccuracyAccuracyAccuracyAccuracy refers to the precision of the Accuracy refers to the precision of the measuring instrument used to make ameasuring instrument used to make ameasuring instrument used to make a measuring instrument used to make a measurement. measurement.

Sarfraz Masih, Principal, KKCON, KarachiSarfraz Masih, Principal, KKCON, Karachi 1010

Accuracy & MeasurementAccuracy & MeasurementAccuracy & MeasurementAccuracy & Measurement

MeasurementMeasurementMeasurementMeasurementMeasurement involves rules to assigning Measurement involves rules to assigning numeric values to qualities of the annumeric values to qualities of the annumeric values to qualities of the an numeric values to qualities of the an objectobjectCh t i ti f tCh t i ti f tCharacteristics of measurementCharacteristics of measurement

Numeric value Numeric value Unit Unit

E.g. 15 meters E.g. 15 meters

Sarfraz Masih, Principal, KKCON, KarachiSarfraz Masih, Principal, KKCON, Karachi 1111

Accuracy & MeasurementAccuracy & MeasurementAccuracy & MeasurementAccuracy & Measurement

UnitsUnitsUnitsUnitsUnits have been devised to Units have been devised to

C i t th i f thC i t th i f thCommunicate the meaning of the Communicate the meaning of the measurement measurement Achieve universal agreement about theAchieve universal agreement about theAchieve universal agreement about the Achieve universal agreement about the measurement we have the systems of measurement we have the systems of measurementmeasurementmeasurement. measurement.

Sarfraz Masih, Principal, KKCON, KarachiSarfraz Masih, Principal, KKCON, Karachi 1212

Systems of MeasurementSystems of MeasurementSystems of Measurement Systems of Measurement

English / British Measurement SystemEnglish / British Measurement SystemEnglish / British Measurement System English / British Measurement System Metric System Metric System

Sarfraz Masih, Principal, KKCON, KarachiSarfraz Masih, Principal, KKCON, Karachi 1313

Systems of MeasurementSystems of MeasurementSystems of MeasurementSystems of Measurement

English SystemEnglish System Metric SystemMetric SystemEnglish System English System Metric System Metric System Unit of Unit of LengthLength

Foot (ft)Foot (ft) Unit of Unit of LengthLength

Meter (m)Meter (m)Length Length Length Length

U it fU it f P d (lb)P d (lb) U it fU it f KilKilUnit of Unit of Mass Mass

Pound (lb)Pound (lb) Unit of Unit of MassMass

Kilogram Kilogram (kg)(kg)

Unit of Unit of Time Time

SecondSecond Unit of Unit of TimeTime

SecondSecond

Sarfraz Masih, Principal, KKCON, KarachiSarfraz Masih, Principal, KKCON, Karachi 1414

Unit of LengthUnit of LengthEnglish System English System Metric System Metric System

12 i h12 i h 1 F t1 F t 10 illi t10 illi t 1 ti t1 ti t12 inches 12 inches 1 Foot 1 Foot 10 millimeters 10 millimeters 1 centimeter 1 centimeter

3 F3 F 1 Y d1 Y d 10 i10 i 1 d i1 d i3 Feet3 Feet 1 Yard1 Yard 10 centimeters10 centimeters 1 decimeter 1 decimeter

1,760 Yards1,760 Yards 1 Mile1 Mile 10 decimeters10 decimeters 1 meter1 meter

-- -- 10 meters10 meters 1 decameter1 decameter

-- -- 10 decameters10 decameters 1 1 hectometerhectometer

1010 1 kil t1 kil tSarfraz Masih, Principal, KKCON, KarachiSarfraz Masih, Principal, KKCON, Karachi 1515

-- -- 10 10 hectometershectometers

1 kilometer1 kilometer

Unit of MassUnit of MassUnit of MassUnit of Mass

Definition of massDefinition of massDefinition of mass Definition of mass Definition of weight Definition of weight

Sarfraz Masih, Principal, KKCON, KarachiSarfraz Masih, Principal, KKCON, Karachi 1616

Unit of MassUnit of MassUnit of MassUnit of Mass

MassMassMass Mass Refers to the quantity of matter that it Refers to the quantity of matter that it containscontainscontains. contains.

Weight Weight Refers to the gravitational pull of the Refers to the gravitational pull of the earth.earth.

Sarfraz Masih, Principal, KKCON, KarachiSarfraz Masih, Principal, KKCON, Karachi 1717

Unit of MassUnit of MassEnglish System English System Metric System Metric System

24 grains24 grains 1 pennyweight1 pennyweight 10 milligram10 milligram 1 centigram1 centigram24 grains 24 grains 1 pennyweight1 pennyweight 10 milligram 10 milligram 1 centigram 1 centigram

20 20 pennyweightspennyweights

1 ounce 1 ounce 10 centigrams10 centigrams 1 decigram 1 decigram pennyweightspennyweights12 ounces 12 ounces 1 pound 1 pound 10 decigrams 10 decigrams 1 gram1 gram

-- -- 10 grams10 grams 1 decagram1 decagram

-- -- 10 decagrams10 decagrams 1 hectogram1 hectogram

10 hectograms10 hectograms 1 kilogram1 kilogram-- -- 1,000 1,000 1 metric ton1 metric ton

Sarfraz Masih, Principal, KKCON, KarachiSarfraz Masih, Principal, KKCON, Karachi 1818

kilogramskilograms

Unit of TimeUnit of TimeUnit of TimeUnit of TimeThe standard unit of time in both English The standard unit of time in both English and Metric Systems is mean (average) and Metric Systems is mean (average) solar secondsolar secondMean solar day is the average time, Mean solar day is the average time, throughout 1 year, that it takes the earth throughout 1 year, that it takes the earth g y ,g y ,to revolve once completely on its axis in to revolve once completely on its axis in respect to the sun (24 hours).respect to the sun (24 hours).p ( )p ( )

Sarfraz Masih, Principal, KKCON, KarachiSarfraz Masih, Principal, KKCON, Karachi 1919

Unit of TimeUnit of TimeUnit of TimeUnit of Time1 day1 day 24 hours 24 hours yy

1 hour 1 hour 60 minutes 60 minutes

1 minute 1 minute 60 seconds 60 seconds

1 day1 day 86, 400 seconds86, 400 seconds

Sarfraz Masih, Principal, KKCON, KarachiSarfraz Masih, Principal, KKCON, Karachi 2020

Application of Measurement in Application of Measurement in i ( )i ( )Nursing (AMN)Nursing (AMN)

Fluids Pulse Rate

Liquid medication

Tempe-

Rate

AMNTemperature HeightAMN

Volume Measurement

PreparingS l ti

Diet preparation

Sarfraz Masih, Principal, KKCON, KarachiSarfraz Masih, Principal, KKCON, Karachi 2121

Solution

SummarizationSummarizationSummarization Summarization

Wh i i t i th i ?Wh i i t i th i ?Who is going to summarize the session?Who is going to summarize the session?

Sarfraz Masih, Principal, KKCON, KarachiSarfraz Masih, Principal, KKCON, Karachi 2222

Sarfraz Masih, Principal, KKCON, KarachiSarfraz Masih, Principal, KKCON, Karachi 2323