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UNFSS Regional Briefing Session for ASEAN
Kit Chan
Private Sector Perspec=ve of GAP Development in Asia
24th October 2013 Jointly Organized by UNFSS and the Bureau of Agriculture and Fisheries
Product Standards, Department of Agriculture of the Philippines
Market Access Increasing dominance of transcon0nental supermarkets limi0ng export clientele. Second level of export market access falls into the wholesale markets.
Profitability Supermarket price system is strict and inflexible. Produc0on costs are a major factor in determining profitability.
Produc=vity Hor0culture produc0on is a science. Farm extension services is desperately needed.
Compe==veness Mul0ple market intermediaries greatly influence the compe00veness and development of SME producers.
Asian SME Hor=culture Producers Conundrum
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Globaliza=on
Changes in Consumer Demands
§ Market liberaliza0on § Growth in interna0onal
trade § Advances in public media
Global Food Sector § Globalize supermarkets § Globalize sourcing § Global telecommunica0on § Effec0ve logis0cs management
§ Access to informa0on § Differen0ated product § Demand safe/healthy food § Concern for environment
Young Urban Consumer § Educated informed consumers § Ability to choose § Demand sustainable systems
Changes at Ground Level Changes in the Industry
Global Trends Impac=ng the Asian SME Hor=culture Producers
§ Improved farm management technology
§ Improved PHH technology § Lower produc0on cost per
unit
Higher Farm Produc=vity § BeNer seed quality § Fer0lizer applica0on § Effec0ve P&D control § New PH techniques
Technology & Innova=on
Condi=ons of Smallholder Carambola Farmers
§ Farmers mostly elderly and not literate
§ Work with tradi0onal cul0va0on prac0ces
§ Limited financial resources
§ Achieve quality produce by applying more chemicals
§ Rely on the chemical retailer for technical informa0on
§ Mul0ple market intermediaries between producers and consumers
The K-‐Farm GAP Program
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The K-‐Farm GAP Program was developed as a private sector ini:a:ve, out of need to change Carambola cul:va:on prac:ces because of
changing market condi:ons and requirements
where small and rural farmers on their own, have limited resources to achieve the quality and food safety standards
to access compe::ve markets
and where these farmers will always be caught in the vicious cycles of ineffec:ve cul:va:on techniques, low produc:vity,
low income and disconnected.
Feeling Hopeless
Developing K-‐Farm GAP Program -‐ 1
Problem: Non compliance of safety standards of Carambola for the EU markets
Scale: Work with contracted small holder farm clusters
Solu=ons: Adopt GlobalGAP Protocol into current farm prac0ces
Objec=ve: Seek clients compliance on food safety – GlobalGAP Cer0fica0on
Immediate ac=on: Monitor and control pes0cides MRL management
Plan of work: Develop incen0ves and contractual commitments
Replace toxic pes0cides
Review fer0lizer / pes0cides applica0on regime
Develop produc0on schedules to match export demands
Technical In-‐house agriculture expert
Support: Na0onal Research Ins0tute
Department of Agriculture
Developing K-‐Farm GAP Program -‐ 2
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Steps in Developing the MRL Management Program
1. List all approved chemical permissible use in Malaysia 2. Confirm the list with DG SANCO permit to use 3. List the pest and disease infec0ons on calendar / produc0on progress 4. Confirm chemical suitability / effec0veness for crop and pest 5. Prepare a spray plan
§ Chemical persistency (contact / systemic compounds) § Mode of Ac0on of Chemicals § Ensure no repeat usage
6. Modify spray program based on MOA and persistence management 7. Prepare alterna0ve spray program for:
§ PHI § Change in weather condi0on § Chemical resistance § Residue accumula0on
8. Refine spray program for other considera0ons § Non-‐chemical alterna0ve § Cultural prac0ces
Day out to the Market
Par=ng Knowledge to Farmers
Farm Essen=als – Monitor and Control
Extension
Research Ins0tu0ons
DOA
ICT, Media Intern. Org.
K-‐Farm
Processing & Catering
Farmers
NGO
Other Government Agencies
Administrative control
Info and data
Production Problems & Cultivation Knowledge
Marketing / Technology Information Application
Synthesized Information
Qualified Problems & Production data
Trade & information
Policy information Qualification standards
Specific technology requests
Technology solutions
Market info. & intelligence
Production info.
Update IT information
IT news & Information
Consumer News & info
Products
K-‐Farm Chain Network
Chemical companies
Update product
info.
Transport Logis0cs & Packaging
Info, product & technology
Cer0fica0on bodies
Retail & Export
Domestic & Export
information
Consumer
Retail & Restaurant
GAP Program
Products
1. GlobalGAP cer0fica0on Op0on II with K-‐Farm
2. No financial contribu0on from farmers
3. Low cost maintenance program
4. Financial gains at early stages of par0cipa0on
5. New and up -‐ end markets opened to the higher quality produce
Financially sustainable
1. The profitable trade con0nually drives farmers’ performance 2. The farmers realize the need to leverage on each other in the program
and benefit financially from the efforts 3. K-‐Farm trade with compe00ve product at compe00ve price and market.
Sustainability of the program
A Debate
1. Government authori0es have spent considerable amount of money and resources in sehng up voluntary food safety standards – only to be over-‐ridden by private food safety standards that are adopted and supported by the retailers.
Has this been a prudent effort by the government authori:es? 2. But if producers were to fully rely on Private Standards in their quest
for recogni0on and compliance of food safety standards . . . . .
Is this a sufficient approach or a sustainable approach in resolving the issues of food safety compliance?
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Developing Sustainable GAP Prac=ces in Pakistan –
TRTA II Programme
