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PROBLEM SOLVING

Kishore KarveTrainer, Coach, Consultant, Auditor

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PROBLEM SOLVING in REAL LIFE

Criticizing, Questioning.

Incomplete , Biased data.

Too much Analysis.

Opinion Based.Fire fighting Approach.

Skipping the steps.

Justifying a solution.

Underplaying adverse effects.

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PROBLEM SOLVING & IMPROVEMENT

Problem of MaintenanceProblem of Improvement

Objective or Ideal level

Problem = Objective level - Current Level

Current Level

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Analytical Thinking follows the

scientific approach to problem solving

Problem

Hypothesis

FactsAnalysis

Solution

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Problem Identification

A problem becomes known when a person observes adiscrepancy between the way things are and the way thingsought to be. Problems can be identified through:

Comparative/benchmarking studies

Performance reporting - assessment of currentperformance against goals and objectives

SWOT Analysisassessment of strengths, weaknesses,opportunities, and threats

Complaints Surveys

Etc.

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Basic Questions to Ask in Defining the

Problem (regardless of the technique

used)

Who is causing the problem?

Who says this is a problem? Who are impacted by this

problem?

Etc.

Who What Where

When Why How

What will happen if this problem

is not solved? What are the symptoms?

What are the impacts?

Etc.

Where does this problem occur?

Where does this problem have

an impact?

Etc.

When does this problem occur?

When did this problem first start

occurring?

Etc.

Why is this problem occurring?

Why?

Why?

Etc.

How should the process or

system work?

How are people currently

handling the problem?

Etc.

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PROBLEM SOLVING

Problem Identification

Data Collection

Methodology Tools and Techniques

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7 QC TOOLS

7 QC TOOLS

Used to identify, analyze and resolve

problems

Simple but very powerful tools to solve day

to day work related problems

Find solutions in a systematic manner

Widely used by Quality Circle membersworld over

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What are the Basic Seven Tools of

Quality?

1. Fishbone Diagrams

2. Histograms

3. Pareto Analysis4. Flowcharts

5. Scatter Plots

6. Run Charts7. Control Charts

Check sheets

Brain storming

Stratification

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PROBLEM SOLVING

IDENTIFYING AND SELCTING PROBLEM

[1] Write Statement of the problem(s)

[2] Define Gap Between Actual & target

[3] Prioritize

[4] Collect Data[5] Sort symptoms & Causes (effects)

[6] Brain Storm

[7] Fishbone - cause & effect analysis

[8] Prioritize

[9] Brainstorm

[10] Build on each others ideas

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PROBLEM SOLVING

IMPLEMENTING SOLUTION

[11] Analysis potential helps & hinders[12] Prioritize solutions

[13] Clarify tasks / Action plan

[14] Resource / Costs

[15] Present proposals

[16] Establish controls

[17] Maintain Commitments

[18] Plan Contingencies

[19] Monitor results

[20] Restart Process if necessary

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7 STEPS OF PROBLEM SOLVING---

[1] Select theme.[2] Collect and analyze data.

[3] Analyze causes.

[4] Plan and implement solutions.

[5] Evaluate effects.

[6] Standardize solution

[7] reflect on process