Process Engineering - PID

8/10/2019 Process Engineering - PID

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PROCESS ENGINEERING DESIGNFOR OIL & GAS (HYSYS)

TRAINING

P&ID


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Program ObjectivesUnderstand how to read Piping & Instrumentation DiagramUnderstand how to generate Piping & Instrumentation Diagram


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P & IDIntroduction

What is a P&ID


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P & ID A Piping and Instrument Diagram (P&ID) is a detailed, pictorialrepresentation of a process showing

All equipment including spares All piping and valving

All instrumentationNecessary to design, construct, and operate the facility.Normally shown as side elevationOther names

Engineering Flow Diagrams (EFDs)

Mechanical Flow Diagrams (MFDs) Utility Flow Diagrams (UFDs)


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P & ID

Process IndustryPractices

P&ID


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P & IDResponsibility for the technical integrity of the process designresides with Process Technology up through the Issue for DesignrevisionInput also from I&C, Mechanical, Civil, Electrical, Piping

Process engineer sizes equipment and pipingDrawing done electronically by CAD Group

AUTOCAD Intelligent P&IDs Zyqad


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P & ID2. References

Applicable parts of the following Practices, industry codes and standards,and references shall be considered an integral part of this Practice.

2.1 Process Indust ry Practices (PIP) PIP INEG1000 Insulation Design and Type Codes PIP PCCIP001 Instrument Piping and Tubing Systems Criteria PIP PCSIP001 Instr ument Pip ing and Tubing Systems Specif ications PIP PNE00001 Design of ASME B31.3 Metallic Piping Systems PIP PNSM0001 Piping Line Class Designator System


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P & IDFlange Rating From ASME B16.5


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P & ID

Industry Codes and Standards American National Standards Institute (ANSI)

ANSI/FCI 70-2-2003 Control Valve Seat Leakage American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)

ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Section VIII Pressure Vessels

The Instrumentation, Systems, and Automation Society (ISA)

ISA S5.1 Instrumentation Symbols and Identification (R1992) ISA S5.2 Binary Logic Diagrams for Process Operations (R1981) ISA S5.3 Graphic Symbols for Distributed Control / Shared Display

Instrumentation, Logic and Computer Systems

ISA S84.01 Application of Safety Instrumented Systems for the ProcessIndustries Tubular Exchanger Manufacturers Association (TEMA)

TEMA Standards


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P & ID

Government Regulations Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

OSHA 29 CFR 1910.119 Occupational Safety and Health

Standards, Process Safety Management of Highly HazardousChemicals


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P & ID

Definit ions - Examples auxiliary P&ID : Used to show details to un-clutter other P&IDs (e.g.,

lube oil system, sample systems, instrument details)


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P & ID

4. Requirements (expanded index)4.1 General4.2 Format

4.2.1 Layout4.2.2 Symbology4.2.3 Lines4.2.4 Text


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P & ID

4.1 General Provide a balance between the desire to show all data on P&IDs

with the need to make P&IDs legible and easy to read. Most details that are available from other types of documentation

(e.g., ins trument loop diagrams, vessel data sheets) are notrecommended for inclusion on P&IDs.


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P & ID

4.2 Format4.2.1 Layout

Layout each P&ID to avoid c lutter and allow future modifications.Show no more that three pieces of major equipment.

Show primary flow on each P&ID from left to right. Show flowthrough equipment relative to actual arrangement

Show equipment arrangement r elative to its elevation to grade(e.g., pumps at bot tom of P&ID).


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P & ID

4.2.2 Symbology Show format, equipment, piping and ins trument symbols in accordance with

Appendixes A-1, A-2, A-3, and A-4. Show equipment internals using a short dash/space line.

Show normally closed manual valves using a darkened solid symbol. If darkened in valves cannot be used because of symbol type (e.g.,

butt erfly valve), use the abbreviation for Normally Closed (NC) directlybelow the valve in a horizontal line or to t he right o f the valve in a verticalline.

Show on/off valves in normal operating positi on. Do not show control valves or relief valves normally closed.


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P & ID

4.2.3 Lines Show flow arrows at corners and intersecting lines, where there is a

change in direction. Break vertical primary process lines if crossing horizontal primary

process lines. Break instr ument lines for all process and utility l ines. Avoid routing lines across equipment or text . Avoid doglegs


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P & ID

4.2.4 Text Show equipment numbers , titles, and data for equipment directly above the

equipment, and on the same hori zontal plane as other equipment identification. Show equipment numbers, titl es, and data for rotating equipment, i. e., pumps,

blowers, and compressors d irectly below the equipment and on the samehorizontal plane as other equipment identification.

Show equipment number, title, and data once for identical equipment with thesame number, title, and service (e.g., P-601A/B) .

Show line numbering with the orientation of the line.


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P & ID - Equipment

4.3 Equipment (expanded index)4.3.1 Equipment General Information 4.3.2 Agitators 4.3.3 Blowers4.3.4 Compressors 4.3.5 Drivers4.3.6 Heat Exchangers4.3.7 Furnaces4.3.8 Pumps4.3.9 Packaged Equipment4.3.10 Vessels4.3.11 Tanks4.3.12 Classification of Equipment4.3.13 Equipment Data


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P & ID - Equipment

4.3.1 Equipment General Information Show equipment with simple outline representation. Equipment

symbols shall not dominate the drawing, but shall be show n as asize sufficient for clear understanding. Do not draw equipment toscale.

Show nozzles, including spares, on equipment as single lines. Showmanways as double lines. Do not label process and utili ty nozzles.Show nozzle sizes, unless the size is implied by piping connections .

Identify equipment shown on the P&ID by a classification letter andsequence number.

Do not show equipment elevations unless they are necessary tospecify process requirements for associated equipment location or

orientation relative to one another Show auxiliary system requirements (e.g., lube oil systems, sealflush systems, turbine gland leak-off piping, sample systems) onauxiliary P&IDs.

Show the type of insulation (e.g., personnel protection, heatconservation) for equipment.


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P & ID - Equipment

4.3.6 Heat Exchangers The term heat exchanger includes unfi red heat exchangers , coolers,

condensers, reboilers, vaporizers and heating coi ls. Show shell and tubeexchangers fo llowing the TEMA convention (e.g., AEL, BEM) for the typeutilized in the process .

Orient exchanger nozzles to indicate the flow path through the exchanger Show the total dut ies for multiple exchangers ut ilized in series or parallel

configurations for common service. Air-cooled exchangers are generally of tw o basic types, fo rced draft or induced

draft . Each type may have recirculation , mult iple bundles, multiple fans,variable (automatic or manual) fan pitch, variable louvers or steam coils.Symbols may be modified to represent the type of air-cooled exchanger used.


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P & ID - Equipment

4.3.7 Furnaces Show the radiant coils and convection coils for the furnace to disti nguish

between the respective sections.

4.3.8 Pumps

Do not show base plates unless panned and drained. Show drains and lines to o il and/or water sumps. Show vendor supplied inst rumentation or cont rols (e.g., relief for a posit ive

displacement pump, h igh t emperature shutoff switch). Show external piping and ins trumentation for pump seals.


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P & ID - Equipment

4.3.10 Vessels Show vessels as representative of actual vessel shape and

orientation. Show manways, hand holes and nozzles. Show other equipment

(e.g., spheres) supports only if needed. Show trays at process connection points. Number trays in

accordance with the project convention. Show the top and bottomtrays.

4.3.11 Tanks Show tanks as representative of actual tank type


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P & ID - Piping

4.4 Piping (expanded index)4.4.1 Line Data Identification4.4.2 Line Service Codes 4.4.3 Piping Line Symbols 4.4.4 Valve Symbols 4.4.5 Piping Specialty Items4.4.6 Piping Fittings4.4.7 Connectors and Tie-in Symbols 4.4.8 Drain Connectors

4.4.9 Notes


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P & ID - Piping

4.4 Piping4.4.1 Line Data Identification

Sequence numbers typically originate and terminate at equipment. Assigndifferent sequence numbers to line branches that t erminate at diff erentequipment numbers or lines.

Do not change the sequence number if the line flows through a piping specialtyitem or a control valve. Do change the sequence number if there is a line class break. Assign di fferent sequence numbers to t he inlet and out let of pressure rel ief

valves . Show insulation code changes. Show special layout requi rements (e.g., No Pockets) wi th a note


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P & ID - Piping

4.4.2 Line Service Codes Line service codes are list ed in Appendix A-3, page 2. Addit ional li ne service

codes can be added as requir ed.

4.4.3 Piping Line Symbols

Show piping for primary, secondary, utility, jacketed or double containment,and future lines in accordance with Appendix A-3, page 3. In addition to usingthe dashed symbol for future lines, label the line as future.

Show piping for above ground (AG) and underground (UG) lines using an AG/UG line break.


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P & ID - Piping

4.4.4 Valve Symbols Show valve symbols in accordance with Appendix A-3, page 4. Addit ional valve

symbol s may be added as required. Show all valve symbols as ful l size. Do not show reduced size valve symbols

for drain and vent valving.

Do not show valve size unless the size can not be clearly identif ied from theP&ID. Use the listed valve symbols for defining contro l valve body types. If the

cont rol valve body type is unknown, use a gate valve or rotary valve symbol asthe generic symbol.

Do not indicate valve end connections. The exceptions are a blinded, capped orplugged valve and any design where this r equirement is c ritical.


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P & ID - Piping

4.4.5 Piping Specialty Items Piping specialty items are items typically not specified in p iping material

specifications. Show piping specialty it ems in accordance with Appendix A-3,

page 5. Additional piping specialty symbols may be added as requir ed. Assign a tag number to each pip ing spec ial ty it em if i t i s not included in the

piping material specifications. Designate the tag number as SP-XXXX whereSP indicates a special piping item and XXXX is an identif ier up to fourcharacters.

Piping specialty items may be tagged as equipment or instrument items.


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P & ID - Piping

4.4.6 Piping Fittings Show typical piping fitt ings in accordance wi th Appendix A-3

page 6. Additional piping fi tting symbols may be added as required. Show all reducers on the P&ID.

Show weld connections if appropriate (e.g., at vessel nozzles).


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P & ID - Piping

4.4.7 Connectors and Tie-in Symbols The off-page connector is used for lines that continue to/from another sheet of

the same unit or system. Use the utility connector f or li nes which enter/exit a P&ID from a utility

distribution type P&ID. A service description and equipment number referenceare not required for ut ilities.

Use the off-page connector for utilit y lines if these lines are the primary systemrepresented on the P&ID. Utility primary sys tems inc lude utili ty headers andnon-distribution type utility lines(e.g., raw water t reatment lines).

Use the off-plot connector for li nes that cross unit or battery limits. Designate Tie-Ins as T-XXXX where T indicates a Tie-In and XXXX is an

identifier


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P & ID - Piping

4.4.8 Drain Connectors Show the closed and open drain connectors in accordance wi th

Appendix A-3, page 8

4.4.9 Notes The notes listed in Appendix A-3, page 9 represent typical design

notes. These are shown on the cover sheets (Appendix B) . Show specific design notes on the applicable P&ID


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P & ID - Instrumentation

4.5 Instrumentation & Controls (expanded index)4.5.1 Symbology4.5.2 Measurements

4.5.3 Valves4.5.4 Safety/Relief Devices 4.5.5 Equipment Start/Stops4.5.6 Interlocks & Alarms4.5.7 DCS Points

4.5.8 Miscellaneous


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4.5.1 Symbology Show instrument and control symbols in accordance with Appendix

A-4, page 1 through page 8. Reference ISA S5.1 for addit ional detail.


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4.5.2 Measurements Show all transmitters to avoid misinterpretations of physical and wiring

connections between the tr ansmitter and other devices or systems. Show root valves where an instrument is mounted on a vessel or other piece of

equipment. Do not show root valves at o ther locations w here these installationdetails can be adequately defined on a P&ID cover sheet. Use typical details ,contained in the cover sheets (Appendix B, page 4), to identify the valve type,size, rating and materials of construction, in accordance with the applicablepiping l ine class.


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4.5.3 Valves Show valves in accor dance with Appendix A-3, page 4. The symbols for

automated valve bodies and for manual valves are identical. Use the appropr iate actuator symbols (e.g., diaphragm and pis ton) to

dist inguish automated valves from manual valves. Reference Appendix A-4,

page 6. Comment: Typically, a thrott ling control valve is shown wit h a diaphragmactuator and an on-off valve is shown with a cylinder/piston actuator,regardless of actual type.

Use the symbols shown in Appendix A-4, page 7 for pressur e and temperatureregulators.

Show automated valve fail actions w ith text (FC/FO/FL/FI). For automated valves, identify tight shut-off r equirements by using the

abbreviation TSO.


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4.5.4 Safety/Relief Devices Show and tag relief devices and conservation vents in accordance with

Appendix A-4, page 7 (e.g., PSE and PSV). Use opt ional explanatory text fo rclarification of the type and func tion of the device (e.g., Emergency Relief, Conservation Vent, Explosion Panel ) located next to the tag. ReferenceSections 4.2.1.15 and 4.2.1.16.

Show relief device set pressures. Show the orif ice size letter designation for relief valves between the inlet and

out let s izes (e.g., 3K4).


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4.5.5 Equipment Start/Stops Do not show the local start/stop hand switch for motors without

automated controls . Show all contro l room (DCS or panel board) hand swi tches with the

appropriate bubble symbol and tag.


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4.5.6 Interlocks & Alarms4.5.7 DCS Points4.5.8 Miscellaneous


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P & ID

Review Appendices From PIP PIC001


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P & ID

Appendix A Tables & Symbols A-1 Format Tables & Symbols

Abbreviations

Miscellaneous Symbols


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P & ID

Appendix A Tables & Symbols A-2 Equipment Tables & Symbols

Pumps Compressors & Blowers

Drivers & Agitator/Mixer TEMA Type Exchangers Miscellaneous Exchangers Storage Tanks Storage Tanks Storage Sphere and Furnace

Miscellaneous Vessel Details


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P & ID

A-3 Piping Tables & Symbols Line Data Identification


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P & ID

A-4 Instruments & Controls Tables & Symbols Instrument Identification Letters General Instrument Symbols Instrument Function Symbols Instrument Line Symbols Primary Element Symbols (Flow) Control Valve Actuator Symbols Self-Actuated Devices Miscellaneous Instrument Symbols.


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P & ID

Examples of Legend or Cover sheets

Appendix B Cover Sheets

Symbols & Nomenclature Typical PipingSymbols & Nomenclature Typical InstrumentationSymbols & Nomenclature Typical EquipmentTypical Details with Implied Components


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P & IDSymbols & Nomenclature Typical Piping


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P & IDSymbols & Nomenclature Typical Instrumentation


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P & ID

Symbols & Nomenclature Typical Equipment


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P & ID

Typical Details with Implied Components


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P & ID

Appendix C Example P&IDs Example P&ID 1Example P&ID 2Example Utility P&ID


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P & IDExample P&ID 1


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P & IDExample P&ID 2


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P & IDExample Utility P&ID

Documents

Process Engineering - PID