1 Components of a microprocessor/controller • CPU: Central Processing Unit • I/O: Input /Output • Bus: Address bus & Data bus • Memory: RAM & ROM • Timer • Interrupt • Serial Port • Parallel Port
1Components of a microprocessor/controllerCPU: Central
Processing UnitI/O: Input /OutputBus: Address bus & Data
busemor!: "A & "O#imerInterrupt$erial PortParallel
Port%CPUGeneral-Purpose Micro-processorRAM ROMI/O PortTimerSerial
COM PortData BusAddress Bus&eneral'purpose microprocessor:CPU
for ComputersCommonly no RAM, ROM, I/O on CPU chip itselfMany chips
on motherboar( RAMROMI/O PortTimerSerial COM
PortMicrocontrollerCPUA sin!le-chip computerOn-chip RAM, ROM, I/O
ports"""A sin!le chipMicrocontroller #)Microprocessor CPU is
stan-alone,RAM, ROM, I/O, timer are separateesi!ner can ecie on
theamount of ROM, RAM an I/O ports"e$pensi%e%ersatility
!eneral-purpose&i!h processin! po'er&i!h po'er
consumptionInstruction sets focus on processin!-intensi%e
operations(ypically )*/+, - bit(ypically eep pipeline ./-*0
sta!es1MicrocontrollerCPU, RAM, ROM, I/O an timer are all on a
sin!le chipfi$e amount of on-chip ROM, RAM, I/O portsfor
applications in 'hich cost, po'er an space are
criticalsin!le-purpose .control-oriente12o' processin! po'er2o'
po'er consumption3it-le%el operationsInstruction sets focus on
control an bit-le%el operations(ypically 4/5+ bit(ypically
sin!le-cycle/t'o-sta!e pipelineMicroprocessor %s"
Microcontroller*$ome Popular icrocontrollers+,-*1icroc.ip
#ec.nolog! PICAtmel A/"#e0as Instruments $P)(- 112'bit3
