Producer Price Indexes - FRASER Price Indexes U.S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics Data for January 1997 ... durable manufacturing materials, and construction materi

Producer Price IndexesU.S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics

Data for January 1997

Services

ManufacturingDigitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR

Data for January 1997BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICSKatharine G. Abraham, Commissioner

PPI Detailed Report is a monthly report on producer price movements including text, tables, and technical notes. An annual supplement contains monthly data for the calendar year, annual averages, and information on weights. (ISSN 0882-5270)

To order this periodical for 1 year, cite PPI Detailed Report (W PPI) and send your check for $36.00 ($45.00 foreign) or provide your VISA or Master card number and expiration date to Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954, Pittsburgh, PA 15220-7954. Cost of the supplement only is $29.00 domestic ($36.25 foreign).

Subscribers will receive the next available subscription issue after their order is received. An acknowledgement card is sent to all customers directly after their subscription order is processed simply to let them know that they will receive the next available issue released for their subscription order.

Please wait at least 6 weeks before inquiring about your order. Then write to Subscription Service Section, U.S. Government Printing Office, Stop: SSOM, Washington DC 20402, telephone (202) 512-1800 or FAX (202) 512-2168.

To change your address: Please send your mailing label, along with your new address to the Superintendent of Documents, Attn: Chief, Mail List Branch, Mail Stop: SSOM,Washington, DC 20402.

Information in this publication is made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 606- 7828; TDD phone (202) 606-5897; TDD message referral phone: 1-800-326-2577. This material is in the public domain and, with appropriate credit, may be produced without permission. Second class postage paid at Washington, DC and at additional mailing offices.

March 1997

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

PPI Detailed Report Data for January 1997

Editors: William D. Thomas and Jerry L. Matheny Production assistant: Dorothy Williams

Contents

Page

Price movements, January 1997 ..................................... ....1Recalculation of seasonal adjustment factors............. ....4Resampling of industries.................................... .................5Change in PPI publication structures for resampled

industries introduced in January 1997 ..........................6Changes in the PPI for semiconductors indexes......... ....ioNew Producer Producer Price Index for home

health care and professional services............................\2

Tables:

1. Producer price indexes and percentchanges by stage of processing......................... 14

2. Producer price indexes and percentchanges for selected commodity groupings by stage of processing.......... .......................... . 15

3. Producer price indexes for selectedstage-of-processing groupings,seasonally adjusted.............................................. 18

4. Producer price indexes for the netoutput of major industry groups........................ 19

5. Producer price indexes for the netoutput of selected industries andtheir products ......................................................... 20

6. Producer price indexes and percentchanges for commodity groupingsand individual item s............................................. 163

7. Producer price indexes by durabilityof product............................................................... 207

Page

8. Producer price indexes for specialcommodity groupings.......... ................... ............ 208

9. Producer price indexes for materialinputs to construction industries................... . 209

10. Producer price indexes and percentchanges for the net output o f industryby stage of process...................................... . 210

11. Producer price indexes and percent changesfor net material inputs to industry stage of process and final demand......... ............... ........ . 211

12. Industry and industry-classified productindexes recoded, effective January 1997.......... 212

13. New industry and industry-classified productindexes introduced into the Producer Price Index, effective January 1997.................... ........ 213

14. Industry and industry-classified productindexes, deleted from the Producer Price Index, effective January 1997 ............................ 214

15. Commodity price indexes deleted fromthe Producer Price Index, effectiveJanuary 1997 ............................ ............................. 220

16. New commodity price indexes based on themovement of corresponding industry-based product indexes, effective January 1997.......... 221

17. Commodity-grouping price indexes introducedinto the Produce Price Index, effectiveJanuary 19 9 7 .......................................................... 222

Technical notes................................................................ 223


Scheduled Release DatesProducer Price Index data are scheduled for initial release on the following dates:

Index month Release date Index month Release date

February March 14 May June 13

March April 11 June July 11

April May 14 July August 13


Price Movements January 1997

The Producer Price Index for Finished Goods declined 0.3 percent in January after seasonal adjustment. This followed increases of 0.6 percent in December and 0.2 percent in November. Prices received by producers of intermediate goods rose 0.2 percent in January after increasing 0.3 percent in the month prior. The Crude Goods Price Index advanced 5.2 percent following a gain of 4.9 percent in December. (See table A.)

Among finished goods in January, the index for energy goods turned down after rising in each of the previous 6 months. Prices for finished consumer foods declined 1.0 percent in January after falling 0.1 percent in the previous month. Prices for finished goods other than food and energy remained unchanged after increasing 0.1 percent in December.

Before seasonal adjustment, the Producer Price Index for Finished Goods dropped 0.1 percent in January to 132.6 (1982=100). From January 1996 to January 1997, the Finished Goods Price Index rose 2.5 percent. Over the same period, prices for finished consumer foods rose 2.5 percent, the index for finished energy goods advanced 10.4 percent, and prices for finished goods other than food and energy were up 0.6 percent. Prices received by domestic producers of intermediate goods increased 1.0 percent for the 12 months

ended in January, and the index for crude goods rose 15.1 percent during this same period.

Finished goodsThe Producer Price Index for Finished Energy Goods

declined 0.2 percent in January following an increase of 3.4 percent in the prior month. Prices for unleaded regular gasoline turned down 4.9 percent after advancing 14.1 percent in December. The index for premium unleaded gasoline and home heating oil also fell after rising a month earlier. The index for finished lubricants fell more than in December. By contrast, prices for residential gas rose 5.0 percent following an increase of 0.9 percent in December.

Prices for finished consumer foods fell faster than a month earlier. The index for fresh fruits and melons dropped 6.0 percent after rising 11.8 percent in December. Prices also turned down after rising a month earlier for eggs for fresh use, pork, and young chickens. The index for beef and veal fell more in January than it did in the prior month. By contrast, prices for fresh and dry vegetables rose 4.2 percent following a 21.4-percent decline in December. The indexes for confectionery end products and for pasta also increased after falling in the prior month. Prices for dairy products fell less than they had a month earlier, and the indexes for

Table A. Monthly and annual percent changes in selected stage-of-processing price indexes, seasonally adjusted 1

Finished goods

MonthTotal Foods Energy

Except foods and energy

Change in finished goods

from 12 months ago (unadj.)

Intermediategoods

Crudegoods

1996:January......................... .......................................... ...... 0.1 -0 .2 1.4 0 2.2 0 2.5February................................................. ....................... 0 -.2 - .6 .1 2.0 - .4 1.9M arch .............................................................................. .5 .8 2.5 0 2.4 .2 -1 .2A pril...................................... ................................ .......... .2 -.3 2.1 0 2.4 .3 4.0M a y ............................................ ............................. ....... .2 .2 -.6 .2 2.3 .4 1.1J u n e ............................................. ................................... .3 1.4 -.8 .1 2.7 -.3 -2 .4Ju ly ......................................... ......................................... 0 .1 .4 0 2.6 -.2 2.2August ............................................................................ .3 .7 .6 .1 3.0 .2 .6S ep tem b er...................... .............................. ............... .3 .4 .7 .1 3.0 .4 -2 .6O c to b er.......................................................................... .2 .7 1.2 -.2 3.0 -.2 -.8Novem ber....................................................................... .2 0 1.5 .1 3.0 .1 1.7D ecem ber....................................................................... .6 -.1 3.4 .1 2.8 .3 4.9

1997:January........................................................................... -.3 -1 .0 -.2 0 2.5 .2 5.2

1 Some percent changes shown here and elsewhere in Price Movements corrections by respondents. All indexes are subject to revision 4 months after January 1997 may differ from those previously reported because indexes original publication, for September 1996 have been recalculated to incorporate late reports and

1Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

Table B. Monthly and annual percent changes in selected price indexes for intermediate goods and crude goods, seasonally 1adjusted

Month

Intermediate goods

Foods EnergyExcept foods

and energy

Change in intermediate goods from 12 months

ago (unadj.)

Crude goods

Foods EnergyExcept foods

and energy

Change in crude

goods from 12 months

ago

1996:January ......February ....M arch .........A pril............M a y ............J u n e ......... .Ju ly .............August .......SeptemberOctober .....Novem ber.. Decem ber..

1997:January......

0.2- .2

.21.93.8

.7

.4

.3

.8-2 .0-2 .1

- .2

- .8

2.4 -1 .0

2.03.4

.6-2 .4

0.8

1.11.1

.42.2

1.1

-0 .3-.4- .2-.1

.10

-.3.1.2

- .2.1.1

2.21.1

.7

.6

.7

.3-.1

.1

.6

.5

.6

.8

1.0

0.10

.33.55.8

.71.7- .6

-3 .5-3 .2-2 .2-2 .7

-1 .0

7.7 5.9

-2 .58.3

-4 .6 -6 .8

5.42.4

-3 .32.17.7

16.5

12.9

0.1- .2

-2 .1-1 .3

.7-1 .8-1 .6

.5

.5

.1- .5

0

2.0

7.28.37.5

10.4 12.7

9.613.215.4 10.1

9.49.4

12.2

15.1

1 Some percent changes shown here and elsewhere in Price Movements January 1997 may differ from those previously reported because indexes for September 1996 have been recalculated to incorporate late reports and

shortening and cooking oils rose more than in December.The index for finished consumer goods excluding food

and energy remained unchanged in January after rising 0.1 percent in December. Price increases for prescription drugs, alcoholic beverages, light trucks, and for tires and tubes were offset by price declines for passenger cars, sanitary papers, newspaper circulation, and for mens and boys apparel.

The index for capital equipment registered no change in January after rising 0.1 percent in December. Price increases for light motor trucks, communications and related equipment, commercial furniture, construction machinery and equipment, and agricultural machinery and equipment offset price declines for heavy motor trucks, civilian aircraft, and computers.

Intermediate goodsThe Producer Price Index for Intermediate Materials,

Supplies, and Components advanced 0.2 percent in January, seasonally adjusted, after rising 0.3 percent a month earlier. Increases for energy goods, both durable and nondurable manufacturing materials, and construction materials outweighed declines for foods and feeds. Excluding food and energy, the intermediate materials index increased 0.1 percent for the third consecutive month. (See table B.)

The rise in the index for intermediate energy materials slowed to 1.1 percent from 2.2 percent in December. The index for diesel fuel turned down 2.0 percent after rising 5.2 percent in the previous month. Prices for both regular and premium unleaded gasoline also fell after increasing in December. Prices for liquefied petroleum gas and jet fuels rose less than they had a month earlier. By contrast, the index for electric power turned up 0.3 percent after falling 0.6 percent in December. Prices for residual fuel and liquid asphalt also increased after declining in the prior month.

corrections by respondents. All indexes are subject to revision 4 months after original publication.

The index for industrial natural gas rose more than in December.

The rise in the index for durable manufacturing materials slowed to 0.2 percent from 0.5 percent in the previous month. The index for prepared paint turned down 0.3 percent after rising 2.2 percent a month earlier. Prices for flat glass also declined after increasing in December. The index for hot rolled steel sheet and strip fell more than in December, and prices for copper and brass mill shapes rose less than in the prior month. The rise in the index for aluminum, however, accelerated to 6.0 percent from 1.9 percent in the previous month. Prices for hardwood lumber and aluminum mill shapes also rose more than they had a month earlier. Indexes for hot rolled steel bars, plates, and structural shapes and for cold rolled steel sheet and strip fell less than in December.

The index for nondurable manufacturing materials increased 0.1 percent for the third consecutive month. Price increases for inedible fats and oils, synthetic fibers, primary basic organic chemicals, and woodpulp outweighed declines for plastic resins and materials, intermediate basic organic chemicals, and nitrogenates.

The index for construction materials rose 0.1 percent after remaining unchanged in December. Price increases for millwork, gypsum products, softwood lumber, fabricated structural metal products, and for nonferrous wire and cable more than offset declines for plastic construction products, air conditioning and refrigeration equipment, and plywood.

The index for intermediate foods and feeds fell 0.8 percent after declining 0.2 percent in the previous month. The index for prepared animal feeds turned down 0.7 percent after rising 0.5 percent a month earlier. Prices for pork and flour also declined after advancing in December. The indexes for beef and veal and fluid milk products fell more


than they had a month earlier. Conversely, the decline in the index for natural and processed cheese slowed to 0.3 percent from 2.8 percent. Prices for condensed and evaporated milk also fell less than in the prior month. The index for crude vegetable oils rose more than in the previous month.

Crude goodsThe Producer Price Index for Crude Materials for Further

Processing increased 5.2 percent, seasonally adjusted, after rising 4.9 percent a month earlier. The index for foodstuffs and feedstuffs fell less than in the previous month. The index for basic industrial materials advanced in January after showing no change in December. Prices for crude energy materials rose substantially, though less than in the prior month. (See table B.)

The index for crude foodstuffs and feedstuffs fell 1.0 percent after declining 2.7 percent in the prior month. Prices for slaughter cattle fell 1.4 percent after declining 4.5 percent in December. The index for corn also fell less than in the previous month. Prices for soybeans, fresh and dry vegetables, and slaughter hogs turned up after falling the previous month. Conversely, the indexes for slaughter broilers and fryers, fresh fruits and melons, and slaughter turkeys fell after rising in December.

The index for crude nonfood materials less energy rose2.0 percent after remaining unchanged in the previous month. Prices for iron and steel scrap rose 6.4 percent after declining 0.8 percent the prior month. The indexes for wastepaper and softwood logs, bolts and timber also turned up after falling in December. Prices for aluminum base scrap rose more than they had a month earlier. By contrast, the index for raw cotton fell 6.6 percent after increasing 1.0 percent the previous jnonth. Prices for nonferrous metal ores and for construction sand and gravel also turned down after rising in December.

The index for crude energy materials increased 12.9 percent after advancing 16.5 percent in the previous month. The index for natural gas rose 21.6 percent after rising 34.1 percent in December. By contrast, prices for coal turned up3.0 percent after decreasing 0.4 percent a month earlier. The index for crude petroleum rose more than in December.

Net output price indexes for mining, manufacturing, and other industries

Mining. The Producer Price Index for the net output of total domestic mining industries advanced 10.1 percent in January following a 12.8-percent increase in December. (Net output price indexes are not seasonally adjusted.) In January, prices for the oil and gas extraction industry group

moved up 12.5 percent after increasing 17,0 percent in the previous month. The index for the metal mining industry group turned down 0.2 percent after rising the same amount in December.

By contrast, the indexes for the nonmetallic minerals mining industry group and for the bituminous coal and lignite mining industry group turned up in January after falling in December. In January, the Producer Price Index for Total Mining Industries stood at 109.8 (December 1984=100), 38.8 percent higher than a year earlier.

Manufacturing. The Producer Price Index for total domestic manufacturing industries edged up 0.1 percent for the second consecutive month. The largest increases were for the industry groups for leather products (1.1 percent), printing and publishing (0.9 percent), and for lumber and wood products (0.5 percent). Prices also rose for the industry groups for measuring instruments, nonelectrical machinery, and for furniture and fixtures. The index for the transportation equipment industry group edged up 0.1 percent. By contrast, declines were registered in January for the industry groups for petroleum refining (0.2 percent), food and kindred products (0.6 percent), and for paper products (0.2 percent). The index for the net output of the domestic manufacturing sector stood at 128.2 (December 1984=100), 1.9 percent higher than its year-earlier level.

Other. Among other industries in January, prices turned up after falling in December for nonlocal trucking, water transportation of freight (not elsewhere classified), air passenger transportation, freight transportation arrangement, cable and other pay television services, ferrous metal scrap collection, recovered paper collection, other waste material collection, hotels and motels, and for passenger car rental. Price increases accelerated in January for general warehousing and storage, marine cargo handling, telephone communications (except radiophone), natural gas utilities, nonferrous scrap collection, offices and clinics of doctors of medicine, skilled and intermediate care facilities, and other specialty hospitals. Price declines slowed for truck rental and leasing. Prices rose after showing no change in the previous month for courier services (except by air), farm product warehousing and storage, general medical and surgical hospitals, and foraccounting, auditing, and bookkeeping services.

By contrast, prices turned down after rising a month earlier for railroad line-haul operations, deep sea domestic transportation of freight, and for airports and airport services. Price increases slowed from December to January for advertising agencies. Prices for radio broadcasting fell more than in December.


Recalculation of Seasonal Adjustment Factors

Effective with this report, seasonal adjustment factors have been recalculated to reflect 1996 price movement patterns for stage-of-processing (SOP) and commodity groupings. This routine annual recalculation may affect seasonally adjusted indexes and percent changes from January 1992 to the present. Revised seasonally adjusted data for this period, as well as seasonal factors for commodity

indexes to be used through December 1997, are available on request from BLS. The table below shows 1996 monthly seasonally adjusted percent changes for the three major SOP categories calculated with the old seasonal factors, compared with the percent changes for recalculated indexes. The latter incorporate new seasonal factors that reflect 1996 price movement patterns.

Table C. Over-the-month percent changes in major stage-of-processing indexes, seasonally adjusted, using former and recalculated seasonal factors for 1996

MonthFinished goods Intermediate goods Crude goods

Former Recalculated Former Recalculated Former Recalculated

January ............................ 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.0 2.3 2.5February.................... ,..... -.1 0 -.5 -.4 1.6 1.9March....................... ...... .5 .5 .1 .2 -1.4 -1.2April........................ ........ .2 .2 .4 .3 4.5 4.0May................................. .2 .2 .5 .4 1.1 1.1June ................................. .2 .3 -.5 -.3 -2.1 -2.4July.................................. -.1 0 -.3 -.2 2.7 2.2August............................. .4 .3 .2 .2 .7 .6September....................... .2 .2 .2 .2 -2.7 -2.5October........................... .4 .4 0 0 -.6 -.9November........................ .4 .2 .2 .1 1.8 1.7December................ . .5 .6 .4 .3 4.2 4.9


Resampling of Industries

Effective with this release, another set o f new and resampled industries is introduced. Three (3) mining industries, twenty-six (26) manufacturing industries, and two (2) service industries were resampled this month. In addition, four (4) other service industries were introduced into the PPI sample for the first time. Indexes for these industries appear in table 5 of the this report.

Under the resampling procedure, the sample for an industry is updated to reflect current conditions more accurately when the structure, membership, technology, or product mix of an industry has shifted significantly. The Bureau of Labor Statistics published the first results of this systematic process in July 1986. Subsequent efforts have been completed at 6-month intervals.

StandardIndustrialClassification(SIC) Code Industry

1021 Copper ores1442 Construction sand and gravel1446 Industrial sand

2086 Bottled and canned soft drinks2092 Prepared fresh or frozen fish and seafoods2281 Spun yarn2282 Texturing, throwing, and winding mill products:

cotton, manmade fibers, silk, and wool2321 Mens and boys suits and coats2542 Partitions and fixtures, except wood2752 Commercial printing, lithographic2754 Commercial printing, gravure2759 Commercial printing, n.e.c.2841 Soap and other detergents2842 Specialty cleaning, polishing,

and sanitation preparations2843 Surface-active agents 2851 Paints and allied products

StandardIndustrialClassification(SIC) Code Industry

3331 Primary copper3398 Metal heat treating3412 Metal shipping barrels, drums, kegs, and pails3451 Screw machine parts3536 Overhead traveling cranes, hoists, and monorail

systems3543 Industrial patterns

3564 Industrial and commercial fans and blowers andair purification equipment

3565 Packing, packaging and bottling machinery 3578 Calculating and accounting machines 3613 Switchgear and switchgear apparatus3651 Household audio and video equipment3674* Semiconductors and related devices

4011 Railroads, line-haul operating 4412 Deep sea foreign transportation of freight 8082** Home health care services 8111** Legal services8711** Engineering design, analysis, and consulting

services8712** Architectural design, analysis, and consulting

services

*The publication structure for this industry is changing, though the industry has not been resampled. See Changes in the PPI for Semiconductors on page 10 this report.

**New industries, effective January 1997. See New Producer Price Indexes for Home Health Care and Professional Services on page 12 this report.

For information on specific additions, deletions, and recodes of indexes that are effective this month, see tables 12 through 17 of this report.


Change in PPI Publication Structures for Resampled Industries Introduced in January 1997

To insure the reliability of the Producer Price Index (PPI)and to spread the burden of reporting so that smaller firms are not unduly affected, the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) rotates the firms sampled for the PPI on average every 7.5 years. Sample rotation in the PPI is carried out by four-digit Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) industry. New samples for approximately 65 industries are introduced each year in either January or July. With the January 1997 introduction of new samples for the 23 mining and manufacturing industries shown in table D below, BLS is beginning to implement a major revision in PPI industry publication structures. These structures, which define the price indexes to be published for an industry in table 5 of this report, now contain significantly fewer detailed product subindexes1 than prior to the latest resampling.

BLS has two objectives in redeveloping PPI publication structures for mining and manufacturing industries. The first is to improve the quality of our published industry indexes. The second is to increase our coverage of the service sector of the U.S. economy.

Data quality will improve with our new publication structures because industry indexes will be more complete and continuous. Currently, the set of published PPI sub-indexes for most industries fails to account for the complete industry value of shipments. This occurs because many sub-indexes do not meet BLSs publishing criteria (the sample size is too small due to noncooperaton of reporters or other reasons). Other sub-indexes fall out of publication because of sample unit attrition. The gaps in our publication structures for many industries, due to missing sub-indexes, make it difficult for users to concord PPI data with other SIC-based data series, to employ the indexes for escalation or time series analysis, and to analyze changes in aggregate indexes.

PPI service sector coverage can be expanded because the new mining and manufacturing publication structures require approximately 20 percent fewer sample units than the old structures. The sample units saved by the new structures are being shifted to new service industries, allowing the program to increase coverage within the constraints of existing

1A sub-index is an index compiled by aggregating pro-priately weighted) price observations for specific products or services.

This contrasts with an aggregate index, which is compiled by aggregating sub-indexes.

program resources. (See New Services Producer Price Indexes in this report for information on the service industries most recently added to PPI coverage.)

While our new publication structures for resampled mining and manufacturing industries will continue to include all census 5-digit product classes, they will no longer include all census 7-digit product lines. Rather, publication of a sub-index for a census 7-digit product line will be contingent on the importance, as measured by value of shipments, of the product line. BLSs criteria calls for publication of a sub-index for a census 7-digit product line if it accounts for15 percent or more of shipments from a less-than-$l billion industry, or if it accounts for 5 percent or more of shipments from a greater-than-$l billion industry. This approach significantly departs from our current practice of simply mirroring census product detail in PPI publication structures. It will result in publication of significantly fewer sub-indexes.

In conjunction with the change in publication structures, BLS has implemented two PPI sample design changes to improve the yield of productive price quotes per product subindex. The first change is to the algorithm for allocating sample units to an industry. BLS now takes into account previous sample response rates in determining the allocation. The second change is to the BLS procedure for selecting products to price within sampled establishment. BLS now combines certainty and probability-proportionate-to-size (pps) selection methods to guarantee full representation of all product lines produced by an establishment in the PPI product sample. Based on simulations, the new sample design is expected to yield a minimum sample size for subindexes of 10 price quotes, in low-variance industries, and16 price quotes, in high-variance industries, at the end of the 7.5-year sample life span. Such a yield will guarantee sub-index publishability over that entire period.

Table D summarizes the effect of the change in publication structures for the 23 resampled industries introduced in January 1997. Prior to resampling, structures were published in their entirety for only two industries (SICs 1442 and 3543). The 23 industries formerly had 462 detailed subrindexes defined in their publication structure. Only 212, or 46 percent, of these indexes were published in December 1996. On average, there were only seven price quotes collected for each of the 462 detailed sub-indexes.


With the new procedure, only 123 detailed sub-indexes are defined in the publication structure for these same 23 industries. However, 115 of these indexes, or 93 percent, are publishable for January 1997. The sub-indexes under the new publication structures are supported by an average of 27 price quotes, a fourfold increase over the previous process. With an expected attrition of about 30 percent over the 7.5 year life span of a sample, the vast majority of the 113 sub-indexes will remain publishable.

Under the new structures, the sets of sub-indexes are publishable in their entirety for all but four industries (SICs 2754, 2759, 2841, and 3676). An analysis of the eight unpublishable sub-indexes in these industries revealed the following. Four sub-indexes correspond to census 5-digit product classes with relatively low (less than $200 million) shipment values. One sub-index corresponds to a census

7-digit with low shipment value ($189 million); it was included in the PPI publication structure because it accounts for 21 percent o f industry shipments. And three sub-indexes correspond to Census 5-digits with relatively large shipment values (between $441 million and $1.0 billion).

Table E illustrates the change in publication structure for one industry. Prior to resampling, 18 sub-indexes were defined and 10 were publishable. After the resampling, only seven sub-indexes are defined, and all are publishable.

Redevelopment of the PPI publication structures for mining and manufacturing industries will proceed incrementally as the approximately 500 such industries covered are resampled. All industries should be completed by January 2004.

For further information, please contact Irwin B. Gerduk at (202) 606-7700.


Table D. Comparison of old and new primary product publication structures for resampled industries introduced in January 1997

SIC

Publication structure through December 1996 Publication structure effective January 1997

Sub-indexes Price quotes Average per

sub-index

Sub-indexes Price quotes Avergage per

sub-indexDefined PublishedPercentpublished Defined Published

Percentpublished

TOTAL 462 212 46 7 123 115 93 27

1021 3 1 33 2 1 1 100 51442 18 18 100 11 10 10 100 261446 6 4 67 9 3 3 100 172086 49 17 35 7 6 6 100 512092 29 22 76 10 7 7 100 372321 15 7 47 8 3 3 100 382542 18 10 56 10 7 7 100 92752 55 22 40 6 10 10 100 532754 13 2 15 3 5 3 60 102759 34 6 18 3 10 6 60 222841 45 15 33 3 8 7 88 402842 26 16 62 7 6 6 100 192843 19 9 47 6 2 2 100 523331 4 2 50 3 2 2 100 63398 24 18 75 9 8 8 100 263412 17 4 24 2 4 4 100 213451 7 6 86 24 6 6 100 253536 17 9 53 4 4 4 100 243543 2 2 100 36 2 2 100 313565 21 11 52 10 8 8 100 223578 8 4 50 8 2 2 100 303676 18 5 28 3 6 5 83 234412 14 2 14 2 3 3 100 13


Table E. Old and new primary product publication structures for SIC 2542Meta! partitions and fixtures

Publication structure through December 1996 Publication structure effective January 1997

Index code Index title Index code Index title

2542-P Primary products 2542-P Primary products

2542-11 Partitions 2542-1 2542-1132 2542-1171 2542-1191

PartitionsToilet partitionsMovable, except free-standingOther partitions, including free-standing

2542-21 Shelving and lockers 2542-21 2542-23 2542-23312542-237 2 2542-2411 2542-2511

Shelving and lockers Metal shelvingCommercial shelving for factories, etc. BookstacksOther shelving, including office Lockers

2542-31 Storage racks and accessories 2542-3 2542-3412 2542-343 2 2542-345 2 2542-3511

Storage racks and accessories Drive-in/drive-thru and gravity conveyor Cantilever storage racks Portable stacking racks and frames Stacker racks and other metal racks

2542-4 Fixtures for stores, banks, offices, etc. 2542-42542-46A

Fixtures for stores, banks, offices, etc. Retail store fixtures, except food stores

2542-4631 Custom retail store fixtures, except food 2542-4631 Custom retail store fixtures

2542-4651 Standard retail store fixtures, except food 2542-4651 Standard retail store fixtures

2542-4671 Retail food store fixtures 2542-467 2 Retail food store fixtures

2542-4991 All other nonwood fixtures, including 2542-469 2 2542-4711 2542-481 2 2542-498 1

Other show and display cases, including Cabinets (floor or wall type)Counters, except bank counters Other metal fixtures, including bank

1 Published sub-index.2 Unpublished sub-index.


Changes in the PPI for Semiconductors Indexes

Mike Holdway

Effective with the release of data for January 1997, BLS is implementing three changes that will improve the semiconductor industry (SIC 3674) indexes found in table 5 of this report and the Electronic components and accessories indexes (PPI commodity code 1178) found in table 6.

The structure and number of semiconductor industry indexes have been reduced significantly in order to improve the completeness and continuity of the indexes.

Obsolete products will be replaced continuously with newer products from the same producers in order to maintain the representativeness of the semiconductor sample.

Limited price data collection from secondary sources has been implemented in order to improve the representativeness of the semiconductor product sample.

Publication of a complete and continuous set of product indexes is a difficult challenge for a high technology industry such as semiconductors. The semiconductor industry introduces new technologies at such a rapid pace that product line definitions and delineations quickly can become obsolete. The most recent PPI sample of firms for SIC 3674, Semiconductors and related devices, was introduced in July 1994. At that time, 25 detailed product subindexes met minimum publication standards (at least three cooperating firms and current prices from at least two firms). By December 1996, only 11 detailed sub-indexes still met minimum PPI publication standards.

A review of the semiconductor publication structure introduced in July 1994 reveals that for several product groups, most importantly metal oxide semiconductors (MOS), sub-indexes were defined by product capacity ranges, such as less than 64 Kbits. Since semiconductor producers are continually improving the capacity of their products, the distribution of their output is continuously shifting upward towards higher capacity ranges. This causes the number of prices reported for lower capacity or obsolete product ranges to decline, and corresponding subindexes to fall from publication.

1 Mike Holdway is an economist in the Division of Industrial Prices and Price Indexes; he is team leader for the electrical machinery and equipment industry group.

With the release of data for January 1997, the semiconductor industry publication structure has been simplified. The new structure, shown in table F below, includes 18 primary product indexes of which 8 are product sub-indexes. This compares with 88 total indexes and 66 subindexes, respectively, in the July 1994 structure. The new structure is publishable in its entirety for January 1997, and is expected to remain publishable until the PPI semiconductor sample is rotated in January 1999. This more comprehensive and continuous set of semiconductor indexes should be more useful for escalation and time series analysis. (See Change in PPI Publication Structures for Resampled Industries Introduced in January 1997 in this issue for a description of the benefits o f and new procedures for determining PPI publication structures.)

The rapid pace of innovation in the semiconductor industry means that new products often quickly move through their lifecycle from niche (low volume) to mainstream (high volume) and back to niche or obsolescence. A recent review of the PPI semiconductor sample indicates that some products that were mainstream when selected for pricing now have reached end-of-life status. Because there is evidence of different price behavior across the stages of a semiconductor product lifecycle, it is imperative that the PPI semiconductor sample be as representative of current industry shipments as possible.

To that end, semiconductor reporters are now being asked on a continuing basis to replace their near end-of-life, intermittently shipped products with current products that are more representative of the original products market segment. In essence, products that were once mainstream are being replaced with products that are currently mainstream and repriceable on a monthly basis.

The third change to PPI methods for compiling semiconductor indexes is the implementation, due to noncooperation of some sampled firms, of limited price collection from published secondary sources. This approach was taken in certain product lines to insure the continuous publication of important sub-indexes.

One of the most effective methods BLS can use to insure the accuracy of price indexes for high technology industries is to rotate the sample of firms and products priced for the PPI as frequently as possible. The changes described in this article do not include sample rotation, which was last conducted for the semiconductor industry in July 1994,


3 years after the previous resampling in July 1991. As mentioned above, the next PPI sample of semiconductor firms is scheduled to be introduced in January 1999. Budget limitations as well as the need to limit reporter burden, prevents the Bureau from reducing the resampling interval for high technology industries below 3 to 5 years.

Following the introduction of the next sample, consideration will be given to the implementation of periodic supple

mental sampling as a means to introduce new products to the semiconductor index. Supplemental sampling on an annual basis is currently used for the Pharmaceutical industry.2

For further information on the PPI semiconductor index, please contact Mike Holdway at (202) 606-7739.

2 See Supplemental Sampling in the PPI Pharmaceuticals Index in Producer Price Indexes, Data for January 1996.

Table F. New primary product publication structure for SIC 3674Semiconductors

Index code Index title

3674-P Primary products

3674-1 Integrated circuits3674-A Digital monolithic integrated circuits3674-A1 MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) memory devices3674-A101 DRAM (digital random access memory)3674-A109 Other MOS memory devices3674-A2 Other digital MOS integrated circuits3674-A201 Microprocessors3674-A209 All other digital MOS integrated circuits3674-A9 Other digital integrated circuits, including

bipolar and nonsilicon3674-1C Hybrid integrated circuits3674-1D Non-digital monolithic integrated circuits

(e.g., linear, analog)

3674-2 Transistors

3674-3 Diodes and rectifiers (other than LEDs)

3674-9 Other semiconductor devices and parts3674-901 Other finished semiconductor devices3674-902 Dice and wafers3674-909 Parts and other semifinished devices


New Producer Price Indexes for Home Health Care and Professional Services

Eleni Xenofondos and Joseph Kowal

As part of an ongoing Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) program to expand the Producer Price Index (PPI) coverage of the service sector of the U.S. economy, price indexes for home health care, and legal, engineering, and architectural services are being introduced into the PPI in January 1997. The indexes appear in table 5 of this report and are described below.

Home health care servicesSIC 8082SIC 8082 indexes measure changes in reimbursements

received by home health care providers. Home health care services are skilled nursing or medical care provided in an individuals place of residence as prescribed by a physician. Examples of the types of services provided by home health care providers include administering medication, skilled assessments, and personal care services.

The establishments sampled for this index include both medicare-certified and non-medicare-certified home health care agencies. Indexes will be broken out by the type of payor medicare or non-medicare. The types of home health care providers for which indexes will be available for both medicare and non-medicare payors include:

Skilled nurse

Home health aide

Other provider (e.g., physical therapists, speech pathologists, medical social workers)

The method for collecting prices for this industry is similar to that used for other health services industries published in the PPL The intended price is the actual reimbursement received by the health care provider. This may differ substantially from the published list price for the service company. The actual reimbursement to home health care agencies may be equal to a percentage of the charges as negotiated between the service provider and the payor, or may equal the going fixed rate for medicare and medicaid.

Services are billed based on the skill level of the provider, and are usually billed on a per-visit basis. A visit may encompass many individual services. The price of a visit will

Eleni Xenofondos and Joseph Kowal are economists in the Division Industrial Prices and Price Indexes.

vary over time due to changes in a providers standard rate, or due to changes in reimbursement from private or public insurers.

For further information on this index, please contact Eleni Xenofondos at (202) 606-7690, extension 303.

Legal servicesSIC 8111Legal services indexes measure changes in legal fees re

ceived by law firms. These fees represent the total charges billed to a client for specific legal services rendered. A total charge for professional services rendered is most commonly calculated by multiplying the hourly rate of the professional (s) performing the work by the actual amount of time needed to complete a project. Assigning a flat fee is often done for routine legal matters.

Price changes for legal services will be based on changes in the amount of total charges for services rendered on a sampled legal matter. Examples of the types of legal matters sampled for this index include a corporate merger, a closing on a house, and a simple will. A law firm will be asked to update its hourly or flat fees for the sampled set of legal services on a monthly basis.

The various areas of law for which price indexes will be available include:

Corporate;

Real estate;

Civil negligence (defendant and plaintiff);

Banking and commercial;

Insurance; and

Wills, estate planning, and probate.

In addition, a price index will be available for all Other legal services not shown above.For further information on this index, please contact Eleni Xenofondos at (202) 606-7690, extension 303.

Engineering servicesSIC 8711 and architectural servicesSIC 8712

Engineering and architectural services indexes measure


provision of design, analysis, and consulting services. Services encompass the preparation of documents pertaining to project schematics, development, and finished plans, as well as implementation oversight.

Engineers provide design, analysis, and consulting services relating to structural, mechanical, electrical, civil, industrial, environmental, geotechnical, petroleum, marine, and other types of engineering components and systems.

Engineering components and systems encompass framing, foundations, plumbing, heating, cooling, ventilation, electrical, security, fire prevention, grading, soil stabilization, drainage, power creation and distribution, machine and machine tool design, assembly line configuration, and other considerations. Engineering services for which price indexes will be available include:

Building-related engineering;

Nonbuilding-related engineering; and

Other services (i.e., predominantly surveying).

Architects provide design, analysis, and consulting services relating to project conceptualization, form, and function. Aspects of project conceptualization encompass site layout, aesthetics, overall interior and exterior design, building circulation, space planning, and other considerations. Architectural services for which price indexes will be available include:

Residential dwelling architecture;

Commercial building architecture;

Public and institutional facility architecture; and

Other architectural services (e.g., civil works, and industrial-manufacturing architecture).

The fixed set of services to be priced each month for engineering services (SIC 8711) and architectural services (SIC 8712) will be taken from either a sampled contract or a subsampled client bill. A fixed-fee contract is the preferred approach. However, situations exist where a sampled contract fails to identify a projects scope and the engineers or architects fee. In these cases, a sub-sampled billing invoice is required in order to obtain a representative price corresponding to a unique, defined quantity of service. Invoices provide information pertaining to levels of professional assistance applied, billing rates for each level, and quantities provided.

The prices being monitored are net transaction prices, and include adjustments or discounts to standard fees. Given that most architectural and engineering projects are unique combinations of work hour requirements and levels of difficulty, many prices being reported to BLS are estimates of what the fees would be had the sampled output been exactly repeated at current market conditions.

For further information pertaining to SIC 8711 and SIC 8712, please contact Steven Benton at (202) 606-7690, extension 305.


Table 1. Producer price indexes and percent changes by stage of processing

(1982 = 100)

Grouping

Relativeimportance

Dec.19961

Unadjusted indexUnadjusted

percent change to Jan.1997 from:

Seasonally adjusted percent change from:

Sep.19962

Dec.19962

Jan.19972

Jan.1996

Dec.1996

Oct.to

Nov.

Nov.to

Dec.

Dec.to

Jan.

Finished go ods ..................... .............................. ............................................ 100.000 131.8 132.7 132.6 2.5 -0.1 0.2 0.6 -0 .3Finished consumer goods .......................... ............................................ 76.405 130.4 131.2 131.1 3.1 -.1 .3 .7 -.3

Finished consumer foods ................................ ..................................... 23.635 135.6 135.5 134.0 2.5 -1.1 0 -.1 -1 .0Crude ...................................................................................................... 1.628 128.2 133.8 129.1 3.3 -3 .5 1.4 -.2 -3 .9Processed ........................................................................ .......... .......... 22.007 136.2 135.5 134.3 2.4 -.9 -.1 -.1 -.8

Finished consumer goods, excluding fo o d s .......... ......................... 52.770 128.0 129.2 129.6 3.3 .3 .5 1.0 0Nondurable goods less foods ...................... ................................... 36.380 124.6 125.1 125.8 4.7 .6 .6 1.4 0Durable g o o d s ...................................................................................... 16.390 132.4 135.0 135.0 .6 0 .1 .1 -.1

Capital equipm ent......................................................... ............................ 23.595 137.3 138.8 139.0 .5 .1 .1 .1 0Manufacturing industries.............. ........................................ ............... 6.031 136.7 137.5 137.8 .4 .2 0 .1 .1Nonmanufacturing industries............................................................... 17.564 137.5 139.1 139.3 .4 .1 .2 .1 -.1

Intermediate materials, supplies and components.............................. 100.000 126.7 126.1 126.4 1.0 .2 .1 .3 .2Materials and components for manufacturing ................................... 49.074 128.6 128.5 128.6 -.7 .1 0 .1 .1

Materials for food manufacturing...................... .................... ......... . 3.392 129.2 126.6 125.2 3.7 -1.1 -1 .3 -.2 -.8Materials for nondurable manufacturing.......................................... 15.604 130.0 130.0 130.2 -2 .3 .2 .1 .1 .1Materials for durable manufacturing................... ........ .................. . 10.977 131.2 131.6 132.0 -.2 .3 .3 .5 .2Components for manufacturing........................................................... 19.101 126.8 126.6 126.8 -.4 .2 0 -.1 .1

Materials and components for construction....................................... 12.682 144.8 144.8 145.0 2.2 .1 .4 0 .1Processed fuels and lubricants.............................................. ............... 13.627 93.6 92.5 93.5 9.7 1.1 .4 2.4 1.0

Manufacturing industries....................................................................... 5.387 95.0 94.5 96.4 10.0 2.0 1.8 1.4 1.4Nonmanufacturing industries.............................. ................................ 8.240 92.6 91.1 91.7 9.7 .7 -.4 3.0 .8

Containers.... .................................................... ............................. ............. 3.536 138.5 138.3 137.9 -7 .0 -.3 .1 0 0Supplies.......................... ........................ ...................................................... 21.081 136.8 135.5 135.6 .2 .1 -.3 0 0

Manufacturing industries....................................................................... 7.539 139.1 139.0 139.0 .5 0 -.1 .1 0Nonmanufacturing industries....................... ....................................... 13.542 135.6 133.8 133.9 .1 .1 -.4 -.1 0

F e e d s ................................ ...................................................................... 1.610 141.7 128.8 127.8 .6 -.8 -3 .7 -.2 -.7Other supplies ................. ................................................... ......... ........ 11.932 134.8 134.5 134.8 .1 .2 -.1 0 .1

Crude materials for further processing........................ .......................... 100.000 112.9 118.9 125.2 15.1 5.3 1.7 4.9 5.2Foodstuffs and feedstuffs.............................................. ......................... 38.897 124.9 113.7 112.4 -2 .0 -1.1 -2 .2 -2 .7 -1 .0Nonfood materials .............................................. ...................................... 61.103 100.8 118.0 129.1 28.1 9.4 4.7 10.5 9.3

Nonfood materials except fuel3 ........................................................... 37.004 107.1 109.2 112.8 8.6 3.3 -1 .7 1.4 3.1Manufacturing3 ...................................................................................... 33.419 99.0 101.0 104.6 9.5 3.6 -2 .0 1.4 3.4Construction.................................................................................... ...... 3.585 196.0 198.4 200.7 .9 1.2 1.4 -.1 .9

Crude fuel4 ................................................................................................ 24.099 80.5 121.9 144.9 68.3 18.9 19.8 28.2 18.9Manufacturing industries ................................................................... 4.923 80.0 116.8 137.3 61.5 17.6 17.5 25.9 17.6Nonmanufacturing industries ..................... ..................................... 19.176 81.6 124.9 148.8 70.1 19.1 20.2 29.0 19.1

Special groupings

Finished goods, excluding fo o d s ........................ ................................... 5 76.365 130.5 131.8 132.1 2.4 .2 .3 .8 0Intermediate materials less foods and feeds ...................................... 6 94.998 126.3 126.1 126.4 .8 .2 .2 .4 .2Intermediate foods and fe e d s .................................................... ............. 6 5.002 133.5 127.6 126.3 2.7 -1 .0 -2.1 -.2 -.8Crude materials less agricultural products3 7 ...................................... 8 58.958 100.1 117.9 129.5 29.8 9.8 4.9 10.8 9.8

Finished energy goods............................................................................... 5 14.743 85.3 85.9 86.7 10.4 .9 1.5 3.4 -.2Finished goods less energy............................. ...... .................................. 5 85.257 139.6 140.6 140.3 1.2 -.2 .1 .1 -.3Finished consumer goods less en erg y ................................................ 5 61.662 140.5 141.3 140.8 1.5 -.4 0 0 -.4

Finished goods less foods and energy................................................. 5 61.622 141.1 142.6 142.7 .6 .1 .1 .1 0Finished consumer goods less foods and en e rg y ........................ ... 5 38.027 143.5 144.9 145.1 .8 .1 0 .1 0Consumer nondurable goods less foods and energy...................... 5 21.637 151.5 151.9 152.3 1.1 .3 0 .1 .1

Intermediate energy goods....................................................................... 6 13.751 93.3 92.1 93.3 9.8 1.3 .4 2.2 1.1Intermediate materials less e n e rg y ...................................................... 6 86.249 133.9 133.6 133.6 -.4 0 0 ,1 0Intermediate materials less foods and energy................................... 8 81.247 133.9 133.9 134.1 -.5 .1 .1 .1 .1

Crude energy materials3 ............................................................................ 8 41.094 81.0 103.8 117.2 50.1 12.9 7.7 16.5 12.9Crude materials less energy...................... .............................................. 8 58.905 131.7 123.4 123.5 2.6 .1 -1 .6 -1 .9 0Crude nonfood materials less energy4 ............................................... .. 8 20.009 153.5 152.4 156.1 -3 .7 2.4 -.5 0 2.0

1 Comprehensive relative importance figures are initially computed after the publication of December indexes and are recalculated after final December indexes are available. The first-published and final December relative importances initially appear, respectively, in the release tables containing January and May data.

2 The indexes for September 1996 have been recalculated to incorporate late reports and corrections by respondents. All indexes are subject to revision four months after original publication.

3 Includes crude petroleum.4 Excludes crude petroleum.5 Percent of total finished goods.6 Percent of total intermediate materials.7 Formerly titled Crude materials for further processing, excluding

crude foodstuffs and feedstuffs, plant and animal fibers, oilseeds, and leaf tobacco.

8 Percent of total crude materials.


Table 2. Producer price indexes and percent changes for selected commodity groupings by stage of processing

(1982 = 100 unless otherwise indicated)

Grouping Commoditycode

Unadjusted indexUnadjusted percent

change to Jan. 1997 from:


Sep.19961

Dec.19961

Jan.19971

Jan.1996

Dec.1996

Oct.to

Nov.

Nov.to

Dec.

Dec.to

Jan.

Finished g o o d s ...................................... ................................................................................. 131.8 132.7 132.6 2.5 -0.1 0.2 0.6 -0.3

Finished consumer go o d s ............................................................................. .................... 130.4 131.2 131.1 3.1 -.1 .3 .7 -.3

Finished consumer fo o d s ...................................................... ........................................ 135.6 135.5 134.0 2.5 -1.1 0 -.1 -1.0

Fresh fruits and melons2 ................................................. ........................................................ 01-11 119.5 116.0 109.0 29.8 -6.0 -17.7 11.8 -6.0Fresh and dry vegetables2 ....................................................................................................... 01-13 106.4 104.3 108.7 -25.5 4.2 16.6 -21.4 4.2Eggs for fresh use (Dec. 1991 100)2 ............................................ ............................ 01-71-07 107.7 129.9 104.2 1.9 -19.8 12.0 13.3 -19.8

Bakery products2 ........................................................................................................................ 02-11 171.3 173.0 172.9 4.0 -.1 .1 .1 -.1Milled rice2 .............................................................................................. ...................................... 02-13 133.5 127.0 127.0 -1.1 0 -1.6 .2 0Pasta products (June 1985100)2 ........................................ ............................. ........ 02-14-02 128.2 128.0 128.3 1.3 .2 .4 -.3 .2Beef and v ea l........................................................................................... .................................... 02-21-01 103.6 106.6 102.1 4.4 -4.2 .8 -1.0 -3.8P ork ....................................................................................................... ;........................................ 02-21-04 125.5 126.9 122.9 20.7 -3.2 1.8 2.6 -2.1Processed young chickens............................................... ...................................................... 02-22-03 127.7 125.8 121.0 2.8 -3.8 1.0 .6 -3.2Processed turkeys2 .................................................................................................................... 02-22-06 105.9 102.2 97.6 -6.4 -4.5 -1.3 -1.2 -4.5Finfish and shellfish................. 02-23 157.4 174.2 183.4 6.3 5.3 1.4 1.3 1.5Dairy products............................ 02-3 139.7 131.5 128.8 3.8 -2.1 -3.9 -2.0 -.5Processed fruits and vegetables2 02-4 128.6 128.4 128.0 1.6 -.3 -.2 -.1 -.3Confectionery end products2 . 02-55 167.9 167.1 167.7 1.6 .4 .2 -.1 .4Soft drinks.................................. 02-62 134.2 134.6 134.7 0 .1 -.2 0 -1.0Roasted coffee2 ....................................................... .................................................................... 02-63-01 127.6 127.5 127.9 -4.9 .3 .3 .2 .3Shortening and cooking oils2 ...................... ............................................................................ 02-76 140.6 135.6 136.8 -1.8 .9 -3.4 .4 .9

Finished consumer goods excluding fo o d s ............................................................... 128.0 129.2 129.6 3.3 .3 .5 1.0 0

Alcoholic beverages.................................................................. ................................................. 02-61 132.0 133.9 135.2 3.5 1.0 .1 0 .6

Womens apparel2 ....................................................................................................................... 03-81-01 120.4 119.8 119.9 .2 .1 -.7 0 .1Mens and boys apparel.......................................................................................................... 03-81-02 131.9 132.2 132.3 .5 .1 0 .1 -.2Girls, childrens, and infants apparel2 .................................................................... ............. 03-81-03 123.1 124.3 124.3 1.6 0 0 .4 0Textile housefurnishings2 .......................................................................................................... 03-82 123.4 123.8 123.3 2.4 -.4 -.1 .1 -.4

Footwear.............................................................................................................................. ......... 04-3 142.0 142.4 143.1 1.8 .5 0 .1 .3

Residential electric power (Dec. 1990100).................. ........................................... 05-41 116.9 110.4 110.7 .6 .3 0 -.1 -.1Residential gas (Dec. 1990100 )................................................................................ 05-51 109.8 117.1 123.6 15.6 5.6 4.2 .9 5.0Gasoline................................................................................................ ........................................ 05-71 73.6 77.0 76.7 19.7 -.4 3.6 4.0 2.6Fuel oil No. 2 .................................................................................................................. 05-73-02-01 72.8 78.3 75.8 17.9 -3.2 0 5.0 -2.8

Pharmaceutical preps, ethical (Prescription)....................................................................... 06-35 266.5 268.0 270.1 3.0 .8 .1 .2 1.2Pharmaceutical preps,proprietary (Over-counter).............................................................. 06-36 183.3 184.6 185.2 -1.5 .3 .2 2 .3Soaps and synthetic detergents2 ..................... ........................................... .......................... 06-71 125.2 125.2 125.4 1.1 .2 -.1 -.3 .2Cosmetics and other toilet preparations2 ........................ ................ ................................... 06-75 129.7 129.7 129.9 -.8 .2 1.0 0 .2

Tires, tubes, tread, etc2 ............................................................................................................. 07-12 97.3 95.9 97.1 -1.3 1.3 .1 0 1.3

Sanitary papers and health products2 .................................................................................. 09-15-01 148.0 148.9 147.3 -3.2 -1.1 -.7 .9 -1.1Newspaper circulation ........................ ...... ............................................................................... 09-31-01 200.9 201.8 201.8 3.3 0 -.2 .5 -.5Periodical circulation.................................................................................................................. 09-32-01 178.3 181.3 183.2 1.9 1.0 -.4 .2 .2Book publishing2 ............. ......................................................................................................... . 09-33 195.8 197.9 198.0 3.6 .1 -.1 1.2 .1

Household furniture2 12-1 144.7 145.1 145.3 1.2 .1 .3 -.1 .1Floor coverings2 12-3 128.0 126.7 127.4 2.0 .6 -.8 -.1 .6Household appliances2 12-4 112.5 111.6 111.5 -.8 -.1 -.3 -.8 -.1Home electronic equipment2 12-5 79.0 78.6 78.4 -1.3 -.3 0 -.4 -.3Household glassware2 12-62 158.1 158.0 158.4 2.1 .3 0 .1 .3Household flatware2 12-64 137.8 138.6 138.6 -.2 0 0 .7 0Lawn and garden equip., ex. tractors2 ................................................................................. 12-66 132.6 132.5 132.9 .9 .3 -.2 .2 .3

Passenger c ars ............................................................................................................................ 14-11-01 130.4 137.0 136.5 .2 -.4 .4 .1 -.4

Toys, games, and childrens vehicles................................................................................... 15-11 125.4 125.2 125.8 .8 .5 -.1 0 .2Sporting and athletic goods2 .............................................. .................................................... 15-12 123.7 123.7 124.3 1.4 .5 -.2 -.2 .5Tobacco products2 ........................................................................ ................. ........................... 15-2 238.2 239.4 239.6 2.7 .1 -.1 .3 .1Mobile homes2 ............................................................................................................................. 15-5 150.4 151.1 151.0 1.7 -.1 .4 -.1 -.1Jewelry, platinum, & karat gold2 ............................................................................................. 15-94-02 129.1 129.2 128.5 -.7 -.5 -.2 -.3 -.5Costume jewelry and novelties2 ......................................................... .................................... 15-94-04 137.7 138.5 138.6 2.7 .1 0 0 .1

Capital equ ipm ent............................................................................................................... 137.3 138.8 139.0 .5 .1 .1 .1 0

Agricultural machinery and equipment2 ................................................................. .............. 11-1 147.0 146.3 146.9 .6 .4 .2 -.1 .4Construction machinery and equipment........ ...................................................................... 11-2 140.1 140.5 141.7 2.1 .9 .2 0 .4Metal cutting machine tools2 ................................................................................................... 11-37 153.3 154.7 154.3 2.5 -.3 .1 .3 -.3Metal forming machine tools2 ................................................................................................. 11-38 150.3 150.9 150.9 2.4 0 .1 .3 0Tools, dies, jigs, fixtures, and ind. molds2 .......................................................................... 11-39 136.5 137.3 137.3 1.5 0 1 .5 0Pumps, compressors, and equipm ent............................ ................................. ....... ........... 11-41 143.7 144.2 144.7 1.6 .3 .2 .2 -.3Industrial material handling equipment2 ......................... ................................. ................... 11-44 127.7 128.2 128.6 1.8 .3 .3 .2 .3Electronic computers (Dec. 1990-100)2 ..................................................................... 11-51 40.9 38.4 38.3 -19.9 -.3 -2.0 -2.3 -.3Textile machinery2 ......................................................................................... ............................. 11-62 148.2 149.4 151.1 2.6 1.1 -.5 .1 1.1Paper industries machinery (June 1982=100)........................................................... 11-64 154.2 155.1 155.2 1.7 .1 .3 .3 -.2Printing trades machinery2 .................................................................................................... 11-65 137.4 138.3 138.5 2.4 .1 .1 -.1 .1Transformers and power regulators2 .................................................................................... 11-74 129.2 129.0 129.2 -1.4 .2 -.2 -.1 .2

See footnotes at end of table.


Table 2. Producer price indexes and percent changes for selected commodity groupings by stage of processingContinued

(1982 = 100 unless otherwise indicated)

Grouping Commodity

Unadjusted indexUnadjusted percent change to Jan. 1997

from:Seasonally adjusted percent

change from:

codeSep.19961

Dec.19961

Jan.19971

Jan.1996

Dec.1996

Oct.toNov.

Nov.toDec.

Dec.toJan.

Capital equipmentContinuedCommunication & related equip. (Dec. 1985 100)2..................... 11-76 113.1 113.1 113.9 0.9 0.7 -1.1 1.1 0.7X-ray and electromedical equipment2............................... 11-79-05 109.6 108.5 108.4 -2.6 -.1 0 -.5 -.1Oil field and gas field machinery2 .................................. 11-91 118.1 119.4 121.0 3.5 1.3 .3 .5 1.3Mining machinery and equipment2 .................................. 11-92 139.7 138.6 138.3 .8 -.2 -.9 .1 -.2Office and store machines and equipment2 ........................... 11-93 111.8 111.7 111.7 -.8 0 -.1 0 0

Commercial furniture2 .......................................... 12-2 151.8 152.9 153.3 1.8 .3 .4 .1 .3

Light motor trucks...................... ....................... 14-11-05 154.1 163.0 163.2 1.2 .1 .1 .1 .4Heavy motor trucks.................................. .......... 14-11-06 142.6 143.1 140.9 -3.3 -1.5 1.6 .3 -1.8Truck trailers2......................... ....................... 14-14 130.0 130.2 130.1 -1.5 -.1 .2 0 -.1Civilian aircraft (Dec. 1985=100) ..... ............................. 14-21-02 148.5 148.9 149.3 2.8 .3 .8 .3 -.3Ships (Dec. 1985=100)2 ................... ..................... 14-31 139.2 139.9 142.7 5.5 2.0 -3.9 .6 2.0Railroad equipment.................................. .......... 14-4 137.0 136.5 136.3 -.3 -.1 -.2 .1 -.1

Intermediate materials, supplies, and components............................................... ....... 126.7 126.1 126.4 1.0 .2 .1 .3 .2

Intermediate foods and fe e d s ............................................................. ............................ 133.5 127.6 126.3 2.7 -1.0 -2.1 -.2 -8

Flour2...... ................................................ 02-12-03 125.3 123.7 121.1 -9.1 -2.1 -4.1 1.0 -2.1Refined sugar2 ...... 02-53 125.5 125.2 126.3 4.4 .9 .2 .9 .9Confectionery materials 02-54 108.4 110.9 109.9 2.2 -.9 .3 .6 -.1Crude vegetable oils2... 02-72 120.4 110.5 115.0 -2.3 4.1 -1.3 .5 4.1Prepared animal feeds2 02-9 142.8 132.5 131.6 1.9 -.7 -2.8 .5 -.7

Intermediate materials less foods and feeds ............................ 126.3 126.1 126.4 .8 .2 .2 .4 .2

Synthetic fibers2........................................ ...... 03-1 112.1 111.9 113.3 2.1 1.3 .3 0 1.3Processed yarns and threads2 ......................... ............ 03-2 116.4 114.8 114.9 .4 .1 -1.2 0 .1Gray fabrics2 ........................ ......................... 03-3 121.3 121.7 121.4 .5 -.2 -.2 .9 -.2Finished fabrics............................................... 03-4 123.8 123.7 123.8 .6 .1 .3 .1 -.3Industrial textile products2........................... ............. 03-83-03 128.1 128.4 127.5 4.8 -.7 .1 .4 -.7

Leather............................... ..................... 04-2 176.0 179.4 182.5 .1 1.7 3.9 -.1 1.3

Liquefied petroleum gas2......................................... 05-32 88.4 112.2 118.5 62.3 5.6 10.9 9.3 5.6Commercial electric power............. ............. ........ ..... 05-42 139.5 127.2 127.7 .1 .4 .4 -.6 .4Industrial electric power........................... ............ ... 05-43 136.2 127.4 128.1 .2 .5 1.9 -1.8 .4Commercial natural gas (Dee. 1990-100)............................ 05-52 99.7 113.7 122.0 19.8 7.3 1.6 6.5 6.0Industrial natural gas (Dee. 1990-100)..................... ..... .... 05-53 96.9 110.1 131.5 37.8 19.4 2.9 5.3 17.5Natural gas to electric utilities (Dec. 1990-100)........... ... ......... . 05-54 85.9 99.2 111.7 22.1 12.6 -9.7 18.3 13.8Jet fuels ............... ......... ........ ..................... 05-72-03 73.0 75.1 74.6 18.8 -.7 5.5 5.2 3.2No. 2 Diesel fuel......... ... ............... ........ .......... . 05-73-03 74.7 76.8 73.1 17.5 4.8 5.8 5.2 -2.0Residual fuel2................. ................................. 05-74 58.4 62.0 66.1 18.5 6.6 -.2 -1.6 6.6

Industrial ehemieals2 .............. ........ ...... ......,......... 06-1 127.9 128.6 128.0 2.6 -.5 .5 .5 -.5Prepared paint................. ........ ....................... 06-21 149.2 150.2 150.1 3.9 -.1 .1 2.2 .3Paint materials2............................... ..... ...... ..... 06-22 139.6 139.3 140.5 1.4 .5 -.2 -.4 .5Medicinal and botanical chemicals2........ ......... ................ 06-31 128.8 128.8 129.5 1.5 .5 .1 0 .5Fats and oils, inedible2 ......... .................. ................ 06-4 160.8 137.6 150.6 13.8 9.4 13.4 10.2 9.4Mixed fertilizers.................... ....... .................. ... 06-51 114.2 112.8 112.7 -.8 -.1 .1 -.2 -1.7Nitrogenates ....................................... ........... 06-52-01 123.2 134.7 135.1 1.0 .3 .7 1.3 -2.2Phosphates2 ....................... ...... ................. 06-52-02 112.3 111.2 112.8 -5.4 1.4 2,4 -2.0 1.4Other agricultural chemicals............ .......................... 06-53 147.2 146.4 146.1 -.1 -.2 .2 -.3 -.6Plastic resins and materials2............... ....................... 06-6 137.9 138.1 137.2 5.6 -.7 -.1 -.1 -.7

Synthetic rubber2........................... .................. 07-11-02 121.4 122.2 122.1 -1.9 -.1 0 .3 -.1Plastic construction products2 .................................... 07-21 131.2 129.1 127.2 "2.5 -1.5 .2 -.7 -1.5Unsupported plastic film, sheet, & other shapes... .................... 07-22 132.8 133.1 132.5 -1.0 -.5 -.1 -.5 -.3Plastic parts and components for manufacturing2....................... 07-26 117.4 117.4 117.4 .3 0 0 .1 0

Softwood lumber2............ ................................ 08-11 203.9 202.8 204.3 20.7 .7 5.4 -1.0 .7Hardwood lumber2................ ....................... ...... 08-12 163.5 165.9 168.4 3.0 1.5 .3 .5 1.5Millwork2 ....... ................ ............... ............. 08-2 168.7 169.2 169.8 3.8 .4 .3 -.1 .4Plywood2 .......... ,........... ............................... 08-3 166.7 155.7 154.6 .4 -.7 -2.0 -1.3 -.7

Woodpulp2.................... ......... ....... ............... 09-11 127.8 127.2 128.7 -27.1 1.2 -.6 -.6 1.2Paper2 ..................................................... 09-13 143.5 141.2 140.9 -13.6 -.2 -.7 0 -.2Paperboard2 .... ...................... ............. ......... 09-14 145.6 148.3 148.4 -15.5 .1 1.0 -.1 .1Paper boxes and containers2 ......... .............. .............. 09-15-03 148.6 147.9 148.0 -10.5 .1 .3 -.1 .1Building paper and board2 .......................... ...... ...... 09-2 140.5 133.6 132.0 -4.7 -1.2 -1.8 -1.9 -1.2Commercial printing (June 1982-100)2 .......................... ... 09-37 148.8 147.9 147.9 .3 0 -4 .4 0

Foundry and forge shop products.................................. 10-15 132.7 132.9 133.4 1.4 .4 .1 .1 .1Steel mill products2 ....... 10-17 116.3 116.0 115.7 -.8 -.3 .2 -.4 -.3Primary nonferrous metals2.... 10-22 116.5 121.4 124.5 -9.5 2.6 1.0 4.8 2.6Aluminum mill shapes2 .... 10-25-01 142.0 140.6 142.5 -5.5 1.4 -1.1 1.2 1.4Copper and brass mill shapes2 10-25-02 169.6 176.4 178.6 -5.4 1.2 1.5 1.7 1.2Nonferrous wire and cable2 ... 10-26 145.0 147.1 147.9 -1.4 .5 -.1 1.0 .5Metal containers2......... 10-3 109.5 109.1 107.9 -6.3 -1.1 -.1 .6 -1.1Hardware............. 10-4 144.2 144.2 144.8 1.4 .4 -.3 .1 .1Plumbing fixtures and brass fittings ................................. 10-5 171.6 171.6 171.9 2.6 .2 .4 .2 -.2Heating equipment...... ...................................... 10-6 151.8 151.8 152.1 1.3 .2 .1 .1 -.7

See footnotes at end of table.


Table 2. Producer price indexes and percent changes for selected commodity groupings by stage of processingContinued(1982=100 unless otherwise indicated)

Grouping Commodity

Unadjusted indexUnadjusted percent

change to Jan. 1997 from:


codeSep.

19961Dec.

19961Jan.

19971Jan.1996

Dec.1996

Oct.to

Nov.

Nov.to

Dec.

Dec.to

Jan.

Intermediate materials less foods and feedsContinuedFabricated structural metal p roducts................................................................................ 10-7 138.4 138.7 139.0 1.6 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1Fabricated ferrous wire products (June 1982100)2 ......................... .......................... 10-88 127.1 126.9 126.9 .9 0 .2 -.4 0Other misc. metal products2 .............................................................................................. 10-89 125.9 126.1 126.2 .6 .1 .1 .1 .1

Mechanical power transmission equipm ent..... .................................................. ............ 11-45 151.5 152.4 153.4 1.7 .7 .6 -.2 0Air conditioning and refrigeration equipm ent.................................................................. 11-48 132.4 132.9 132.6 .5 -.2 .2 .4 -.6Metal valves, ex.fluid power (Dec. 1982100)2 ............................................................ 11-49-02 149.9 151.2 151.4 2.2 .1 .5 .2 .1Ball and roller bearings ....................................................................................................... 11-49-05 157.9 159.0 160.9 2.5 1.2 .3 0 .4Wiring devices......... ............................................................................................................. 11-71 151.8 152.1 152.5 2.1 .3 .3 .1 .3Motors, generators, motor generator s e ts ....................................................................... 11-73 145.2 145.6 144.3 -1.1 -.9 .1 -.1 -1.3Switchgear, switchboard, etc., equipm ent............................. .......................................... 11-75 142.6 144.1 144.6 1.8 .3 .2 .2 -.1Electronic components and accessories2 ........................................................................ 11-78 108.1 107.3 107.0 -4.9 -.3 .1 -.5 -.3Internal combustion eng ines.............................................................................................. 11-94 139.5 139.6 139.7 1.8 .1 .4 -.1 -.4Machine shop products2 ...................................................................................................... 11-95 134.4 134.6 134.9 2.0 .2 .7 -.1 .2

Flat glass2 ............................................................................................. ................................. 13-11 109.2 109.7 109.2 -2.5 -.5 -.1 .3 -.5Cement .................................................... .............................................................................. 13-22 136.3 135.0 136.4 5.5 1.0 .5 .3 .9Concrete products................................................................................................................ 13-3 133.8 134.9 135.1 2.7 .1 .4 .1 -.1Asphalt felts and coatings2 ................................................................................................ 13-6 100.1 99.7 99.7 -1.1 0 .3 -.7 0Gypsum products2 ............ ................................................................................................... 13-7 159.3 164.1 168.5 12.5 2.7 1.1 .1 2.7Glass containers2 ............................................................... ......................................... ........ 13-8 129.3 129.3 127.9 -1.8 -1.1 0 0 -1.1

Motor vehicle parts2 ......................................................... ................................................... 14-12 116.3 115.8 115.4 -.7 -.3 0 -.1 -.3Aircraft engines & engine parts (Dec. 1 9 8 5 -1 0 0 ) ........................................................ 14-23 134.7 135.4 136.4 1.0 .7 0 .3 .1Aircraft parts & aux.equip.,nec (June 1985-100)2 ......... ......................... ................... 14-25 139.3 138.3 141.0 1.2 2.0 0 .1 2.0

Photographic supplies2 ........................................................................................................ 15-42 129.7 129.7 129.3 -.6 -.3 0 0 -.3Medical/surgical/personal aid devices............................................................................. 15-6 142.1 142.6 143.5 0 .6 .1 .1 .3

Crude materials for further processing.............................................................................. 112.9 118.9 125.2 15.1 5.3 1.7 4.9 5.2

Crude foodstuffs and feedstu ffs ...................................................................................... 124.9 113.7 112.4 -2.0 -1.1 -2.2 -2.7 -1.0

Wheat2 ................................................................................................................................... 01-21 120.6 114.0 114.7 -16.3 .6 -1.1 -2.8 .6C o m .............................................................................................................;.............. ............ 01-22-02-05 145.7 105.6 107.6 -24.1 1.9 -9.5 -7.5 -.1Slaughter ca ttle .......................................................... ................................................. ......... 01-31 102.5 95.5 95.8 -.2 .3 -3.6 -4.5 -1.4Slaughter hog s ....................................................................................................................... 01-32 90.0 91.3 89.0 28.4 -2.5 8.9 -3.2 .5Slaughter bro ilers/fryers.................................................... ................................................. 01-41-02 157.1 157.5 150.8 6.9 -4.3 1.0 5.8 -4.7Slaughter turkeys..................................................................................... ............................. 01-42 121.3 125.9 98.9 -13.3 -21.4 1.5 1.3 -5.2Fluid m ilk ......................... ....................... ........................... .............................................. .... 01-6 119.6 103.2 99.0 -2.4 -4.1 -4.0 -4.6 -2.5Soybeans ................................................................................................................................ 01-83-01-31 141.1 115.7 124.4 .3 7.5 -3.5 -3.7 6.5

Cane sugar.raw2 ............................................................... ............... .................................... 02-52-01-01 119.4 117.9 117.6 -.3 -.3 -1.3 -.2 -.3

Crude nonfood m aterials..................................................................................................... 100.8 118.0 129.1 28.1 9.4 4.7 10.5 9.3

Raw c o tto n .............................. .............................................. ............................................... 01-51-01-01 123.2 120.8 116.6 -14.9 -3.5 -1.9 1.0 -6.6Leaf tobacco2 ........................................................................................................................ 01-92-01-01 110.5 113.2 116.1 4.2 2.6 (3) (3) 2.6

Cattle hides2 .......................................................................................................................... 04-11 186.3 205.0 207.0 19.9 1.0 -.2 0 1.0

Coal2 ........................................................................................................................................ 05-1 93.6 94.2 97.0 5.3 3.0 .5 -.4 3.0Natural gas2 .......................................................................................................................... 05-31 76.6 126.3 153.6 84.0 21.6 25.1 34.1 21.6Crude petroleum2 ................................................................................................................. 05-61 67.2 71.1 74.0 32.1 4.1 -4.6 3.9 4.1

Logs, timber, etc.2 ................................................................................................................ 08-5 206.0 209.2 213.6 -.4 2.1 1.8 -1.0 2.1

Wastepaper2 ..................................... ..................................................................................... 09-12 142.2 145.6 152.5 -6.7 4.7 -2.7 -1.4 4.7

Iron ore2 ............................. .................................................................................................... 10-11 96.7 96.7 99.7 2.2 3.1 0 0 3.1Iron and steel scrap2 ........................................................................................................... 10-12 191.7 170.0 180.9 -9.4 6.4 -6.8 -.8 6.4Nonferrous metal ores (Dec. 1983 100)2 ..................................................................... 10-21 83.5 85.0 84.1 -14.1 -1.1 1.4 .4 -1.1Copper base scrap2 ............................................................................................................. 10-23-01 151.9 157.9 169.8 -6.2 7.5 .2 3.6 7.5Aluminum base s c ra p .............................................................................................. ........... 10-23-02 168.4 174.4 188.9 5.4 8.3 3.8 1.9 7.8

Construction sand, gravel, and crushed s tone ................................................... ............ 13-21 146.1 146.3 146.9 1.7 .4 .3 .3 -.2Construction sand, gravel, and crushed s to n e ............................................................... 13-21 146.1 146.3 146.9 1.7 .4 .3 .3 -.2Construction sand, gravel, and crushed s tone ............................................................... 13-21 146.1 146.3 146.9 1.7 .4 .3 .3 -.2

1 The indexes for January 1997 have been recaculated to incorporate late reports 2 Not seasonally adjusted,and corrections by respondents. All indexes are subject to revision 4 months after origi- 3 Not available,nal publication.


Table 3. Producer price indexes for selected stage-of-processing groupings, seasonally adjusted(1982 = 100)

Index

Yearand

month Finishedgoods

Finishedconsumer

foods

Finishedconsumer

goodsexcluding

foods

Capitalequipment

Intermediatematerials

Intermediatefoodsand

feeds

Intermediatematerialsexcluding

foods

Crudematerials

Crudefoodstuffs

andfeedstuffs

Crudenonfoodmaterials

1993:Janu a ry ............................... 124.4 124.6 121.9 130.4 115.5 111.2 115.7 101.7 106.1 94.9February.............................. 124.7 124.5 122.4 130.7 115.9 110.0 116.3 101.3 105.8 94.6M a rch .................................. 124.9 124.5 122.7 130.9 116.3 109.8 116.6 101.9 106.6 94.9A p r i l...................................... 125.6 126.4 123.0 131.1 116.6 111.2 116.8 103.4 109.4 95.7M a y ...................................... 125.5 126.5 122.9 131.2 116.2 111.5 116.5 105.8 110.5 98.7June .......... .......................... 125.1 125.3 122.6 131.1 116.3 111.1 116.6 103.9 106.4 98.2J u ly ....................................... 125.0 124.9 122.5 131.5 116.3 113.8 116.4 101.5 107.5 93.8A ugust................................ . 124.0 125.2 120.5 131.6 116.2 113.9 116.4 100.7 108.2 92.0Septem ber.......................... 124.2 125.7 120.5 131.8 116.3 113.6 116.5 101.2 108.2 92.8O ctobe r............................... 124.3 125.5 120.9 131.7 116.5 113.7 116.7 103.7 107.6 97.2N ovem ber........................... 124.5 127.0 120.4 132.2 116.5 114.9 116.6 102.9 111.5 93.4Decem ber........................... 124.5 127.7 120.1 132.4 116.3 117.0 116.3 101.4 112.9 90.2

1994:Janu a ry .......................... . 124.7 127.3 120.4 132.9 116.5 117.2 116.4 103.3 112.5 93.5February.............................. 125.0 126.7 121.0 133.1 116.9 117.4 116.9 101.7 113.0 90.7M a rch ........................ .......... 125.1 127.3 120.9 133.3 117.1 117.3 117.1 103.5 112.9 93.6A p r i l...................................... 125.1 127.1 120.8 133.7 117.1 117.2 117.1 103.8 112.5 94.2M a y ....................................... 125.0 126.4 120.7 134.1 117.2 116.4 117.2 102.4 108.5 94.5June .................................... 125.2 125.9 121.3 134.2 117.8 115.5 118.0 102.8 106.9 96.2J u ly ....................................... 125.7 126.1 122.0 134.4 118.4 113.2 118.6 102.1 103.6 97.2A ugust................................. 126.3 126.3 123.0 134.6 119.1 113.1 119.4 101.9 102.0 97.9Septem ber.......................... 126.0 126.2 122.3 135.0 119.7 113.7 120.0 99.8 101.5 94.9O ctobe r............................... 125.5