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@openLCA
Environmental Footprints (EFs) in openLCA
Francesca Recanati, Jonas Bunsen
31.01.2019
Environmental Footprints (EFs) in openLCA
• Introduction• Product and Organisational Environmental Footprints (PEFs and OEFs) and
Environmental Footprint Category Rules (PEFCRs and OEFSRs)
• The PEF and OEF Pilots
• Environmental Footprint (EF) secondary data in openLCA• EF secondary data (PEF database)
• PEF LCIA method (including normalisation and weighting)
• Demonstration and use advice• Provider linking
• Importing LCI data from nodes of the ILCD network
• Exporting LCI data from openLCA for use in other LCA software
• Opportunities and limitations
• Conclusion and outlook
• Questions & Answers
Content of the webinar (January 31st, 2019; 4 .p.m. CET)
Environmental Footprints (EFs) in openLCAIntroduction to Product Environmental Footprints (PEFs) and Organisational Environmental Footprints (OEFs)
Introduction to PEFs and OEFs
• Product Environmental Footprints (PEFs) and PEF Category Rules (PEFCRs)
• harmonised methodology for the calculation of the environmental footprint
• Organisational Environmental Footprints (OEFs) and OEF Sector Rules (OEFSRs)
Source: http://ec.europa.eu/environment/eussd/smgp/dev_methods.htm (accessed 28.01.2019)
Single Market Act Proposal No 10: “feasibility of an initiative on the Ecological
Footprint of Products to address the issue of the environmental impact of
products […]. The initiative will explore possibilities for establishing a common
European methodology to assess and label them.”
• European Commission
• duration: 6 years
• Phases:
• 2013-2016: pilot phase (http://ec.europa.eu/environment/eussd/smgp/ef_pilots.htm)
• 2016-2018: remodelling phase (still ongoing)
PEF idea: To create a harmonized data space for Environmental Footprint
Goals:
• Consistent and harmonized rules for products –Product Category Rules
• Consistent, harmonized and freely available background dataset
PEF – General information
Environmental Footprints (EFs)
The pilot process
• Analysis of existing PCRs and/or sectoral guidance
• Consultation on scope and representative product/organisation
• Approval by the Steering Committee
• Screening
• Consultation 1st draft PEFCR/OEFSR
• Approval of the 2nd draft PEFCR/OEFSR by the SC
• Supporting studies
• Targeting communication vehicles
• Consultation final PEFCR/OEFSR
• Review by the review panel
• Approval of the final PEFCR/OEFSR by the SC
Scope definition
Simplified PEF/OEF
Draft of PEF/OEF
PEFCR/OEFSR approval by the
SC
Source: http://ec.europa.eu/environment/eussd/smgp/ef_pilots.htm (accessed 28.01.2019)
Products and sectors
Batteries
Beer
Dairy products
Decorative Paints
Feed for food-producing animals
IT equipment
Leather
Pet food
Pasta
Thermal insulation
Footwear
Hot and cold water piping systems
Intermediate paper products
Liquid laundry detergents
Metal sheets
Olive oil
Photovoltaic electricity generation
Retail sector
Copper sector
SECTORS:
T-shirt
Uninterrupted power supplies
Coffee
Marine fish
Red meat
Stationery
Wine
Packed water
Source: http://ec.europa.eu/environment/eussd/smgp/ef_pilots.htm (accessed 28.01.2019)
PEF – Remodelling Project to make the various pilots consistent and update them to the latest PEFCR
Outputs
• 27 pilot projects:• 21 have defined their product environmental footprint
category rules for the European market.
• 6 not finalized or postponed
• FOR USERS:• Product or organization category rules
• Free database including background processes
• Aggregated datasets (system process)
• Models (eILCD and excel format)
Comments
Really positive for EF is that industry indeed came together and put effort into creating a common model for the respective pilots
The database and datasets are still under review
The life cycle data network, meant to distribute the tendered datasets and the pilot models, is not a real network yet since nodes are not connected
https://www.greendelta.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/PEF_CWDB_Aug18.pdf
Technical issues
A technically consistent background data pack is still not available:
• background data from different sources
• background data sets have been released based on varioustenders over time, earlier data sets do not use the later data sets(transport data sets do not include chemicals data sets e.g.)
• background data sets do not follow the same guidancedocument version (evolving PEFCR)
• for important data sets (for pilots) critical background data setsare missing (e.g., paper machine)
Supplying PEF background data is good, but…
Environmental Footprints (EFs) in openLCAEnvironmental Footprint (EF) secondary data in openLCA
Environmental Footprints (EFs) in openLCA
* still under review, not included in the openLCA PEF secondary data sets
**missing in the openLCA PEF secondary data sets: the provided link does not give access to textile data
*** not included
Secondary data sets
Data set Provider Node link
EF representative products * European commission http://eplca.jrc.ec.europa.eu/EF-node/
Energy and transport Thinkstep http://lcdn.thinkstep.com/Node/
Packaging Thinkstep http://lcdn.thinkstep.com/Node/
Agrofood Quantis https://lcdn.quantis-software.com/PEF/
Metals Thinkstep http://lcdn.thinkstep.com/Node/
Chemicals for Paint CEPE ecoinvent http://lcdn-cepe.org
Others Quantis https://lcdn.quantis-software.com/PEF/
Chemicals ** Ecoinvent http://ecoinvent.lca-data.com/
End of Life Thinkstep http://lcdn.thinkstep.com/Node/
Feed Fefac http://lcdn.blonkconsultants.nl/Node/
Incineration Thinkstep http://lcdn.thinkstep.com/Node/
Plastics Thinkstep http://lcdn.thinkstep.com/Node/
Textiles ** Cycleco https://node.cycleco.eu/node/
Electronics Thinkstep http://lcdn.thinkstep.com/Node/
Cooling and freezing transport Thinkstep http://lcdn.thinkstep.com/Node/
Glass recycling RDC http://soda.rdc.yp5.be/login.xhtml?stock=FEVE_EF_comp
Available for download from https://nexus.openlca.org/
Environmental Footprint (EF) secondary data in openLCA
Process categories and subcategories
Environmental Footprints (EFs) in openLCA
Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) method
• The final EF LCIA method (3.0) includes 16 midpoint categories
• Global normalization factors are provided*
• Two weighting sets are available, one including and one excluding three toxicity related impact categories (human toxicity cancer, human toxicity non-cancer and freshwater ecotoxicity)**
• Final version is yet to be published for openLCA
*Sala S., Crenna E., Secchi M., Pant, R., Global normalisation factors for the Environmental Footprint and Life Cycle Assessment, EUR (28984), Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, 2017, ISBN 978-92-79-77213-9, doi:10.2760/88930, JRC109878 **Sala S., Cerutti A.K., Pant R., Development of a weighting approach for the Environmental Footprint, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, 2018, ISBN 978-92-79-68042-7, EUR 28562, doi 10.2760/945290
Environmental Footprint (EF) secondary data in openLCAEF LCIA method (mid-point indicator)
Source: Fazio et al. (2018) Supporting information to the CFs of the recommended EF LCIA methods
Impact category Unit IndicatorRecommended default LCIA
method
Climate change kg CO2 eq.Radiative forcing as Global Warming
Potential (GWP100)
Baseline model of 100 years of the IPCC
(based on IPCC 2013)
Ozone depletion kg CFC-11 eq. Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP) Steady-state ODPs as in (WMO 1999)
Human toxicity, cancer effects*3 CTUh Comparative Toxic Unit for humans (CTUh) USEtox 2.1. model (Rosenbaum et al, 2008)
Human toxicity, non- cancer
effects*3 CTUh Comparative Toxic Unit for humans (CTUh) USEtox 2.1. model (Rosenbaum et al, 2008)
Particulate matter/Respiratory
inorganicsDisease incidences
Human health effects associated with
exposure to PM2.5
PM method recommended by UNEP (UNEP
2016)
Ionising radiation, human health kBq U235 Human exposure efficiency relative to U235 Human health effect model as developed by Dreicer et al. 1995 (Frischknecht et al, 2000)
Photochemical ozone formation kg NMVOC eq. Tropospheric ozone concentration increaseLOTOS-EUROS (Van Zelm et al, 2008) as
applied in ReCiPe 2008
Acidification mol H+ eq. Accumulated Exceedance (AE) Accumulated Exceedance (Seppälä et al.
2006, Posch et al, 2008)
Eutrophication, terrestrial mol N eq. Accumulated Exceedance (AE) Accumulated Exceedance (Seppälä et al.
2006, Posch et al, 2008)
Eutrophication, aquatic
freshwaterkg P eq.
Fraction of nutrients reaching freshwater end compartment (P)
EUTREND model (Struijs et al, 2009) as
implemented in ReCiPe
Eutrophication, aquatic marine kg N eq.Fraction of nutrients reaching marine end compartment (N)
EUTREND model (Struijs et al, 2009) as
implemented in ReCiPe
Ecotoxicity freshwater*3 CTUe Comparative Toxic Unit for ecosystems (CTUe) USEtox 2.1. (Rosenbaum et al, 2008)
Land use Pt*Soil quality index (Biotic production, Erosion
resistance, Mechanical filtration and
Groundwater replenishment)
Soil quality index based on LANCA (Beck et
al. 2010 and Bos et al. 2016)
Water use kg world eq. deprivedUser deprivation potential
(deprivationweighted water consumption)
Available WAter REmaining (AWARE) in
UNEP, 2016
Resource use, minerals and
metals kg Sb eq.
Abiotic resource depletion (ADP ultimate
reserves)
CML Guinée et al. (2002) and van Oers et al.
(2002).
Resource use, energy carriers MJ Abiotic resource depletion – fossil fuels (ADP-
fossil)
CML Guinée et al. (2002) and van Oers et al.
(2002)
Environmental Footprints (EFs) in openLCADemonstration and use advice
Environmental Footprints (EFs) in openLCA
Provider Linking in the secondary database
The PEF background processes are labelled as system processes, but they include also product flows relatedto End-of-Life (EoL)e.g. waste, recycled materials or energy recovered from waste*.
When building a product system in openLCA→
*check the Circular Footprint Formula in Product Environmental Footprint Category Rules Guidance – version 6.3 (2018)
deselect the Auto-link processes feature (to avoid wrong connections within a product system)
Environmental Footprints (EFs) in openLCA
Provider Linking in the secondary database
Users can link different flows included in the product system to the respective provider byright-clicking on the box in the model graph and selecting:
→ Search providers for (or Search recipients for ) and selecting both Add and Connect
Environmental Footprints (EFs) in openLCA
(https://github.com/msrocka/peflocus)
PEFlocus: addressing regionalization
WHY is needed?→ to adapt regionalization in PEF data sets to openLCA
- The PEF data sets are partly regionalized via the location element in exchanges ofprocesses and characterization factors of LCIA method: the same flow can occurmultiple times in exchanges of a process or in characterization factors of an LCIAmethod but with different location codes.
- Location elements in exchanges are not supported in openLCA, so we need to createdifferent localized flows
→ Let‘s have a look at GitHub
Environmental Footprints (EFs) in openLCA
Environmental Footprints (EFs) in openLCA
(https://github.com/msrocka/peflocus)
PEFlocus: addressing regionalization
WHEN is used?- Before importing PEF data (and method) in openLCA (if downloaded from the EC
nodes) →map
- To check the results with Look@LCI or use the datasets in other LCA software or share the data with users of other LCA softwares → unmap
peflocus unmap -wordir zips -mapfile flow_mapping.csv
peflocus map -wordir zips -mapfile flow_mapping.csv
Environmental Footprints (EFs) in openLCAOpportunities and limitations
Environmental Footprints (EFs) in openLCA
• Data available at the different nodes can vary over time (potential modifications
from the provider can be not evident). So if you download data from a node you can
find differences with the data we provided.
In openLCA:
• Background data sets jointly available (1 download)
• These data sets are the ones used in the remodelling projects
• The IA method included is EF
→ Updates occurring soon
Environmental Footprints (EFs) in openLCAConclusion and outlook
Environmental Footprints (EFs) in openLCA
Conclusion and outlook
• Product Environmental Footprint – Can’t we do better in LCA?
• Data sets and methods will beupdated
• Secondary database is temporarly not available on nexus
Support and use advice
• Visit https://ask.openLCA.org for support or get prioritised support via the GreenDelta helpdesk https://openLCA.org/helpdesk
• Read the EF secondary data for openLCA documentation https://bit.ly/2RQt80m
• PEFs and OEFs are part of openLCA trainings https://openLCA.org/trainings/
Product Environmental Footprints (PEFs) in openLCAQuestions and Answers
GreenDelta GmbHMüllerstrasse 135, 13349 Berlin
Thank You for Your Attention!
@openLCA
