Programming for Teachers Presentation

8/11/2019 Programming for Teachers Presentation

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Programming for Teachers [email protected]

Session Objectives

Understand the constructs that underpin most

programming languages.

Use these constructs to create simple computer

programs using Python.


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About me

Alistair Surrall

CAS Master Teacher

BSc (Hons Computer Science

MA Technology and !ducation

Teaching "CT#Computing $or % years

&eader o$ &earning 'ith e' Technologies at TCS

[email protected]

@surrall


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Hardware and SoftwareComputer systems are made up o$ t'o components

hard'are and so$t'are.

Hardware Software


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What is programmingProgramming is the process o$ 'riting instructions to control

hard'are. Creating so$t'are.


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Programming languagesThe instructions you 'rite need to )e in a language the

hard'are understands. There are loads o$ programminglanguages each 'ith their o'n idiosyncrasies.


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Common constructs!early all programming languages pro*ide the same

constructs $or you to use to create your programs.Se+uencing

Selection"teration

Su),routines

-aria)les

ata Structures


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Se"uencingSe"uencing means each instruction in the program is

e/ecuted once in the order it 'as gi*en.


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Se"uencing


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Selection

Selection means that the computer selects 'hich instruction

to e/ecute ne/t.

This can )e )ased on a condition in the program or on user

input.


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Selection


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Selection# $% &'S&


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Selection# $% ( &'S& $%


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$teration

$teration0ust means repetition.

There are many times 'hen you $ind yoursel$ gi*ing the same

instruction repeatedly.

"teration is used to tell the computer1s hard'are to $ollo' the

same instruction a num)er o$ times.

Programming languages use 'oops to repeat an instruction.


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Se"uence


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$teration


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$teration# %O) loops

%O) 'oops repeat an instruction a set num)er o$ times.


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$teration# WH$'& loops

WH$'& 'oops repeat an instruction until a condition is met .


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Sub*routines

2hen a se+uence o$ instructions is going to )e repeated a

num)er o$ times at di$$erent points in the same program it iso$ten use$ul to put them in a separate su),routine.

The su),routine can then )e called at the rele*ant points inthe program.

2hen programming a su),routine can )e de$ined as +a namedbloc, of code that carries out a specific tas,-.


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Sub*routines


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Sub*routines


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Sub*routines# %unctions

A %unction is a su),routine that returns a *alue.


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Sub*routines# ProceduresProcedures are su),routines that don-t return a *alue. They

can display in$ormation to a user )ut they don1t return any

in$ormation )ack to the main program.


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.ariablesA variable is a named location in the computer1s memory that

a programmer can use to store 3 manipulate data 'hilst the

program is running.


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/ata Structuresata Structures are a 'ay o$ storing or organising in$ormation

in your program so that it can )e used e$$iciently.

The most common type o$ data structure is called an array.

Arrays are 0ust a set o$ *aria)les o$ the same type held in ro's

and columns.

i f h ll h h l k


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/ata Structures# Arrays

P i f T h ll@ h h l k


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/ata Structures# &lements!ach *aria)le in an array is called an element. !ach element

can )e accessed )y re$erencing it1s location in the array.

arrNames[3]

otice that the elements always )egin at 5.

P i f T h ll@th h l k


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0uestions

Activities

P i f T h ll@th h l k


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Pygame

Documents

Programming for Teachers Presentation