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Project 3.1 Universal Communications Infrastructure Prof Dave Michelson, UBC Students: Sina Mashayekhi , Bruce Haines and the UBC Radio Science Lab team. Background and Motivation. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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www.smart-microgrid.ca
Project 3.1Universal Communications InfrastructureProf Dave Michelson, UBCStudents: Sina Mashayekhi, Bruce Haines and the UBC Radio Science Lab team
www.smart-microgrid.ca
Background and Motivation• Electrical power utilities monitor,
protect and control generation, transmission and substation assets using sophisticated SONET-based networks.
• Smart Grids seek to extend such capabilities to both distribution assets and customer premises.
• The scale of the problem requires new and cost-effective approaches to providing connectivity via wireless, fibre optic or power line carrier systems.
www.smart-microgrid.ca
The Designer’s Dilemma• Most of the candidate technologies
for providing Smart Grid network connectivity did not exist a decade ago.
• Moreover, most were designed for deployment scenarios different from those encountered in Smart Grids.
• The Smart Grid designer’s dilemma:– Overdesign leads to unnecessary
expense!– But under design is even more costly!– Regulations may not reflect reality!– Standards are set by designers, not
users!
www.smart-microgrid.ca
Project 3.1 - Objectives• Project 3.1 seeks to provide
telecom architects, regulators, designers and manufacturers with a solid basis for making good design/business decisions regarding Smart Grid connectivity.
• Our propagation and interference models will be based upon extensive field data collection & will capture our knowledge and intuition regarding alternative deployment scenarios in a form useful in design and simulation.
www.smart-microgrid.ca
Project Trainees• Dr. Nikola Stanchev, Research Associate• Sina Mashayekhi, PhD Candidate• Boubacar Diallo, MASc • Sol Lancashire, MASc candidate (part-
time)• Alex Corbett, MASc candidate (part-
time)• Bruce Haines, MASc candidate • Nina Chen, MASc candidate • Andy Tsai, BASc• Ahad Shafiq, BASc• Edgar Cave, Senior Undergraduate• Lawrence Penkar, Senior Undergraduate
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Industry Advisory PanelAn expert team provides us with insights and advice!• Kip Morison, CTO, BC Hydro• Keith Martin, CTO, Tantalus Systems• Lee Vishloff, President, Nebula
Manufacturing• Sam Shi, CTO, Corinex Communications• Ibrahim Gedeon, CTO, TELUS• Dragan Nerandzic, CTO, Ericsson• Wen Tong, CTO, Huawei Technologies• Yann LeHelloco, CTO, Mentum• Yves Lostanlen, CTO, Siradel• Philippe Guillemette, CTO, Sierra Wireless
www.smart-microgrid.ca
Avoiding Risk!Propagation and interference models help business manage risk and avoid unpleasant surprises. • Will the wireless link be reliable? • Will the link meet expectation and
drive revenue? • Will the link be over engineered or
barely adequate?• Will the link work as well in the
field as it did on paper?
www.smart-microgrid.ca
Conceptual Design
System Engineering
Implementation
System Integration
Manufacturing
System Deployment & Operation
SoftwareSimulationTools
HardwareSimulators
RF PlanningTools
Propagation and
Interference Models
www.smart-microgrid.ca
Propagation Channels and Impairments• The nature of propagation
channels and their impairments depends upon:– The distance between transmitter and
receiver– The nature and distribution of
intervening obstacles– The nature and distribution of
surrounding scatterers– The radiation patterns and heights of
the transmitting and receiving antennas
www.smart-microgrid.ca
Our StrategyWork with our industry partners to:• Identify key physical differences
between conventional and Smart Grid scenarios.
• Identify impairments that are likely to impact Smart Grid performance.
• Devise experiments that will reveal the nature of such impairments.
• Collect measurement data and then reduce into models useful in design and simulation.
www.smart-microgrid.ca
Our StrategyDivide deployment scenarios into three categories, develop models for selected propagation impairments and interference• Household – ranges from 1-20 m; picocell
configurations• Neighbourhood– ranges from 20-1000 m; microcell
configurations• Wide Area – ranges from 500 m – 20 km;
macrocell configurations
www.smart-microgrid.ca
Propagation Van2002 Chevy Astro van• 8 ft x 5 ft cargo area• 25 U equipment rack • 2 kW electrical system– 2 kW inverter– 2 kW generator– 440 Ah batteries
• Cable passthroughs• Laptop mount and
backup display.• Few other research
labs in Canada have this capability.
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Propagation Van
www.smart-microgrid.ca
Multicarrier Channel Sounder
Vector Signal
Analyzer
Base Station
Laptop
Rb Freq Std
Vector Signal
GeneratorLaptop
Rb Freq Std
PA
GPS Rcvr
Propagation Van
Multicarrier Signal
GPS Rcvr
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Fading on Multiple Carrier Signals
• Channel impairments cause the multiple carriers (including pilot tones) to fade in characteristic ways
Transmitted Signal
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Measurement Cart
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Carrier Frequency and Doppler Rate• We have found a linear relationship
between depth of fading (Ricean K-factor) and carrier frequency over the range 200 MHz – 2 GHz.
• On mobility NLOS links, Doppler rate is proportional to carrier frequency.
• However, on fixed NLOS links, we found little variation in Doppler rate with carrier frequency – unsuspected until now!
• Our work has thus revealed a fundamental difference between mobility and fixed NLOS links.
www.smart-microgrid.ca
Shadow Fading and Terminal Height• In Smart Grid scenarios, terminals are
often located at poletop height – 6-7 m; Compare to 1-2 m for conventional models..
• Previous work has found that path gain increases with terminal height.
• Our studies have found that shadow fading increases by 3-4 dB as terminal height increases from pedestrian height to mean building height then decreases as the terminal height increases further – unsuspected until now!
• .
www.smart-microgrid.ca
Other Accomplishments• MITACS Accelerate Grant - Study on the
Frequency Response of Overhead Transmission Lines (Nina Chen, MASc candidate with Dr. James Toth, BC Hydro)
• In-Kind Contribution from Communications Research Centre: Porting CRC’s Spectrum Explorer to our Agilent N6841A RF Sensors for use in Spectrum Occupancy Studies
• Collaboration with Mentum: Updating Mentum Planet for Planning Smart Grid Wireless Networks
www.smart-microgrid.ca
Next Steps• Angle of Arrival Distribution Studies• Interference Studies• Spectrum Occupancy Studies.• Comparison of Alternative Channel Reuse
Schemes for WiMAX Networks• Influencing Industry Canada Requirements
for Directional Antennas at WiMAX Terminals.
• Influencing Industry Canada Policy for ISM Band Applications
• Power Line Channel Models
www.smart-microgrid.ca
An Invitation• If you have a Smart Grid airlink issue
that you would like help to resolve, please contact us!
Prof. Dave Michelson [email protected]