Project+ +Institutional+Training+Undergone

8/4/2019 Project+ +Institutional+Training+Undergone

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WWW.COLLEGEPROJECT.INFO

NATURE OF WORK DONE

The vital limb of B.A corporate course is institutional training. This

gives opportunities to the trainees to come out successful in job

testing. This training is designed in such a way as to create a natural

interest in the practical aspects of the company. This serves as a

stimulant to those trainees who crave to face the test and trails of a

career.

Institutional training is processed under the joint supervision and

guidance of the officers of the company who gives training, and the

professors of the corporate secretarial department of the sponsoring

College.

The 4 weeks institutional training that I had in the esteemed company

COMPANY NAME was educative and encouraging. The training

broadly related to

1. Office management

2. Secretarial Practice.
http://www.collegeproject.info/http://www.collegeproject.info/


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The training Regarding office management deals with company

activities, organizational structure and authority relationship. The

organization regarding secretarial practice enables the trainees to

acquire a complete knowledge about shares, dividends etc.

Theoretically knowledge without practical experience is of no use.

Institutional training being a part of the curriculum in B.A corporate

secretarial explores an academic student to the practical reality of

various areas covered academically.

I underwent my training in COMPANY NAME though the training

period was Short, I tried my level best to make use of the opportunity

given to me. My work assigned was not confined to secretarial

department and share. I also had my training in various Departments

like management, accounts and computer department. During the

first week of my training I was engaged in secretarial department.

This enabled me to acquire complete knowledge about the secretarial

work and office procedures. The secretary explained to me the

procedures of transfer and transmission of shares, issuing of

dividends and warrants. Next I was put to the accounts department

regular transactions were recorded in a perfect manner the Purchase

daybook and sales daybook is maintained, and I was asked to check

the calculations. The cashier usually handles cash book, but the


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officer was so kind to help me in recording the sales transactions

under his supervision. The officers showed me the profit and loss

account and the balance sheet of the Previous year. I gained practical

knowledge in accounts during that week.

In marketing department they explained how they are marketing their

products in the market. They also explained about the export and

import procedures.

In sales department the main function is to study the market conditions

to conclude sale Agreement, communicate and dispatch instructions to

the factory and collect payments.

Purchase department is concerned with procurement of raw materials

for production and other raw materials for other departments. They

explained to me how do they make purchases in the lowest price

possible. During the last few days of my training, I was put in the

computer section. This proved to be Very helpful, here I came to

know the latest trend used in the modern Organization. And the last

day the staff of COMPANY NAME too helped me, to Take notes

on various aspects, they also helped me in collecting many specimen

copies, which are required in preparing my project report. The


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training, which I had in COMPANY NAME, was very useful and

will definitely help in future career.

ABOUT THE COMPANY

In the present difficult period, it would be tempting to re-focus only on

the immediate short term and rollover any thoughts for the long term,

however, situations such as these must compel the policy makers and

industrial managers to look at the structural issues facing the transport

sector and develop strategic correctiveness. Given the state of

underdevelopment in our country several sectors of social and

economical infrastructure complete for scarce resources. However it

is evident that the road network and transport infrastructure suffer

from virtual neglect in comparison with the other infrastructure

sectors. It is noteworthy that successive business outlook surveys

point to road network as the second dominant infrastructure constraint,

after power, in the country.

COMPANY NAME vehicles have built a reputation for reliability and

Ruggedness. The vehicles put on the roads by COMPANY NAME

have shared the additional Pressure placed on the road transportation

in independent India.


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COMPANYS FORMATION

In 1948 when independent India was one year old, COMPANY

NAME was born. They were ASHOK MOTORS then, assembling

Austin cars at the first plant, Ennore near Chennai. In 1950, started

assembly of Leylend commercial vehicles and soon local

Manufacturing started under licensed from British Leyland with

British Leyland Participating in the equity capital, in 1954, the

company was rechristened COMPANY NAME. Since then

COMPANY NAME has been a major presence in Indias commercial

vehicle Industry. These years have been punctuated by a number of

technological innovations, which went on to become industry

standards. This tradition of technological leadership was achieved

through tie-ups with international technology leaders and through

Vigorous in house research and development.

In the journey towards global standards of quality, COMPANY

NAME reached a milestone in 1993 when it became the first in

Indias automobile industry to win the ISO 9002 certification. The


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more comprehensive ISO9001 certification came in 1994.in 1998 qs

9000, these are milestones of company.

CUSTOMER CARE

COMPANY NAME facilitates easy credit availability through Special

Finance Scheme (SFS) offered by accredited finance companies

including COMPANY NAME Finance limited, Indias third largest

auto finance company. Together they are the bridges between the

company and its for-fung customers. They ensure that the vehicles are

not off the vehicles and technology day after day. Scientific training

for customers personnel is offered at full-fledged service training

Centres at Chennai, Dhanbad, Alwar and Namakkal drivers training

center is the most Comprehensive in Indias private sector.

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

Over the decades, COMPANY NAMES Research and development

engines have been addressing the twin concern of fuel efficiency and

emission. Not surprisingly, when Legislation came in 1987 limiting

smoke emission, COMPANY NAME vehicles were already meeting

them. In 1992 came the more stringent limits for gaseous emission, by

then COMPANY NAME through its timely technologies tie-ups and


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ahead of competition had Absorbed and was offering Eco-friendly

engine technology. Having taken in its stride the 1996 legislation,

work is on to meet the extracting requirements of the future.

In 1997 India becomes one among a handful of countries to tame

compressed Natural gas (CNG) to power commercial vehicles.

COMPANY NAMEs CNG-run bus, the First in India, is a non-

polluting, Eco- friendly signpost with tremendous promise. Major

milestones in Indian commercial vehicles industry. As you scan these

milestones make a guess, which Indian manufacturer was responsible

for these. Power steering offered in commercial vehicle, Multi axled

truck introduced.

COMPANY NAME is thus trying to increase the value of vehicles

Globally. They also realize that for the product to retain its values the

company must offer New technology and proper customer care. As the

year progressed COMPANY NAME has several milestones in its

name.

They are the following :

Year Milestone1966 Full air brakes introduced.

1967 Double Decker buses introduced.

1968 Power steering introduced in commercial vehicle.

1979 Multi Axled trucks introduced.

1992 Vestibuled buses introduced.

1997 Indians first CNG powered bus joins the BEST fleet

2002 Hybrid Electric vehicle developed


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OBJECTIVE OF THE COMPANY

1) The main objects of the company is to carry on business of

manufacturers, assemblers of, dealers in, hires, repairs cleaners

and others in connection with motors and other things.

2) To buy sell let on hire alters and deal in machinery, manufacture,

maintenance and working thereof.

3) To carry on the business of garage-keepers and suppliers of and

dealers in Petrol, electricity and other motive powers to motors

and other things.

4) To carry on the business of mechanical engineers, millwrights,

pounders, electroplates, painters and packing case-makers.

5) To carry on and undertake business as financiers to finance

operations of all kinds.

6) To acquire and work mines, forests, lands, license leases and other

rights and Privileges.

7) To carry out the business of warehousemen and wharfingers.

8) To carry out the business of carriers by land, water or air.


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FUTURE PROSPECTUS

COMPANY NAME products enjoy a market preference and a

reputation for their reliability, superior performance and durability.

From 7.5T GVW to 125 GTW for goods transport, 19 seaters to 80

seaters for passengers transport, and a host of special application

vehicles for defense, fire fighting and other applications, COMPANY

NAME vehicles constitute the largest range of commercial vehicles in

India.

COMPANY NAME is determined to extend its technological

leadership into the next century through new products that employ

appropriate modern technology and answer in full customers ever-

changing needs.

NEW MODEL

AIRPORT COACH

COMPANY NAME Airport coach has a HINOWO6DTI engine with

the max. power of 165ps .It has 4 speed fully automatic gear box

transmission.It has a integral power steering.


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LOW FLOOR BUS

The low floor bus is a natural progression from panther , which has

subsequently been inducted by some state transport undertaking, with

a front floor height of 635mm, entry is made easier with step height of

400mm. It has 5 speed gearbox which is synchromesh. It also has a

integral power steering. Its seating capacity is 43+1.

RHINO 4421

Indias first indigenously built 44 ton 3 axled tractor, Rhino 4421 can

be coupled with the widely popular 2 or 3 axled trailors for a gross

train weight of 44 tons Rhino 4421 represents the induction of cargo

technology into the companies heavy vehicles range to offer at an

affordable price, high powered, with improvements in road network.

SFC 1613

SFC1613 is ASHOK LEYANDS entry model into the semi-forward

truck segment contemporary in design and in style in terms of

aesthetics. SFC 1613 sets new standards in the semi-forward segment.

An eco-friendly, fuel-efficient six-cylinder light power SFC1613 turbo

charged engine, conforming to India 2000 emission norms.


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TAURUS 2516-6X4

The taurus 2516 6X4 has AL412TCAC engine and has a max.power

of 163ps it has a axial spring clutch and has a 6 speed gear box which

is synchromesh with power steering , the gross vehicle weight is

25000kgs.

COMPANY NAME plans to roll out 23 new models

LEADING commercial vehicles manufacturer, COMPANY NAME

today said that it would launch 23 new models and variants in this

fiscal in a bid to achieve a 15 per cent growth in sales.

The company also plans to invest about Rs 140 crore to develop

modern modular cabins for trucks for launch in 2005 and phase out

the existing `Iveco' range of vehicle engines by this year-end to

replace them with engines made with technology from Japan-based

Hino Motors, Mr R. Seshasayee, Managing Director, COMPANY

NAME said today.

"The `Hino' series of engines will form the basis for our future market

growth,'' he said.

At present, 60 per cent of the company's products are powered by

Hino engines.


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The company has also revised its growth outlook for this fiscal to 15

per cent due to good market sentiments.

Speaking about the proposed product launches, company officials said

that COMPANY NAME would launch various models in the `E-

Comet' range with 9-15 tonnage capacity, which will be rolled out

during October this year.

Also, a 16-tonne Hino variant, a 160 HP multi-axle and 160 HP

tractor-trailer would be launched this year.

Besides this, vehicles fitted the powerful 260 HP `J' series of Hino

engines would be ready for launch by this year-end, Mr Seshasayee

said. The technology for the engine has been exclusively transferred to

Ashok Leyland from Hino.

The company said that its production capacity has been increased to

50,000 vehicles and 60,000 engines, and this level was likely to take

care of the demand for the next year.

COMPANY NAME is also moving into body building for tippers as


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well as mini and high-end luxury buses later this year as part of its

growth plan for the next two years.

On the exports front, Mr Seshasayee said that COMPANY NAME

would soon start delivering vehicles to Iraq as part of an order for

3,300 vehicles.

Launching of new truck model

COMPANY NAME is working on an all-new full range truck

platform that will be unveiled by 2010. Apart from the new platform,

codenamed Unitruck, COMPANY NAME also plans to introduce a

new family of six-cylinder inline engines, codenamed Neptune, and a

fresh Newgen cabins by year 2013. Neptune engines will replace its

old engine in all of its vehicles by 2013-2014.


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MEMORANDUM OF ASSOCIATION

I. Name of the company is COMPANY NAME LIMITED

II. The registered office of the company will be situated in the state

of TAMIL NADU

III. The objects for which the company is established are: -

1)(a) To carry on the business of manufacturers, assemblers of,

dealers in, hires, repairers, cleaners, stores, warehouses, of

motors cars, motor cycles, cycle cars, motors, scooters, motor-

buses and lorries, trucks, tractors, cycles bicycles, and

carriages, launches boats and ships, vans aeroplanes,

hydroplanes and other vehicles and conveyances of all

descriptions for carrying passengers or other personnel, goods,

commodities, produce, cargoes and other things on land or sea

or by air.

(b) To buy, sell, let on hire, repair, alter and deal in machinery,

components parts, accessories and fittings of all kinds for

motors and other things and all other articles and things

referred to in item.

(c) To carry on the business of garage-keepers and suppliers of

and dealers in petrol, electricity and other motive power to

motors and other things.


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(d) To carry on the business of mechanical engineers,

machinists filters, millwrights, pounders, galvanisers, and

enamellers electroplates painters and packing case makers.

(e) To develop, design, programme, conduct feasibility studies,

act as advisors, retainers, consultants and/or agents to all

projects and to engage in project survey, implementation,

progress monitoring and turnkey installation.

(f) To carry on and under business as financers to finance

operation of all kinds such as purchasing, selling, hiring,

leasing, letting on hire and dealing all kinds of property

movable or immovable, goods, chattels, motor-cars, motor-

buses, motor-lorries, machineries equipments and all

consumer and industrial items.

2) To import into India Austin cars and other Austin products, to

assemble Austin products from their components to undertake the

progressive manufacture in India of such parts of Austin products

and to provide adequate facilities for the prompt servicing of

Austin products in India.


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3) To carry on the business of buyers, sellers, dealers, distributors,

exporters and importers of any goods or merchandise and to

purchase and vend raw materials and manufactured articles.

4) To acquire and work mines, plantation, forests, lands, licenses

lease and other rights and privileges.

5) To purchase to take on lease or otherwise acquire and to make

advances on any land, buildings and any interest in immovable

properties and to purchase, acquire hire, hold, make and maintain

road, canals, Watercourses, ferries, and other ways

6) To erect, acquire, work, use, barter, exchange and otherwise, deal

with such mills, factories, workshops, buildings, houses and

erecting as may be expedient and to purchaser put into working

order accessories as may from time to time be expedient.

7) To carry on business of warehousemen and wharfingers.

8) To enter into any contractor arrangement or other dealing for the

more efficient conduct of the traffic or business of the company or

any part thereof.

9) To carry on the business of carriers by land water or air.


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10) To establish laboratories and carry on analytical experiments and

other works.

11) To carry on any other business which may seem to the company

capable of being conveniently carried on in connection with the

business or calculated directly or indirectly to the benefit of the

company.

12) To acquire and undertake the whole or any part of the business,

property of any person or firm or company carried on any

business or possessed of property suitable for the purpose of this

company.

13) To enter into partnership or into any arrangements sharing profits

with the company or person carrying on any business capable of

being carried or conducted so as to directly or indirectly to

benefit this company.

14) To sell, let, exchange or otherwise deal with the undertaking of

the company of any part there of for such consideration as the

company may think fit.


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15) To promote any other company for the purpose of acquiring all or

any of the property and liability of this company calculated to the

benefit of the company and deal in shares, stocks, debentures and

securities of all kinds.

16) To receive on deposit or otherwise and to lend money or property

of immovable property and on such terms as may seem expedient

and in particular to customers of and having dealing with the

company.

17) To purchase or otherwise acquire any exclusive or non exclusive

or limited right to use any invention which may seem capable of

being used for any of the purposes of the company.

18) To obtain provisional order or act of legislature for enabling the

company to obtain all powers expedient to carry out or extend

any of the objects of the company or for any other purpose which

may seem expedient to carry out or extend any of the objects of

the company


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19) To enter into agreement with the government, state etc to obtain

exercise with any such arrangements, rights, privileges and

concession.

20) To adopt such means of making known the production of the

company as may seem expedient.

21) To establish or aid in the establishment and support of

association, institution, funds, trusts and convenience calculated

to benefit the employees of the company.

22) To distribute any of the property of the company among the

members, but no distribution amounting to a reduction in capital

be made without the sanction of the court,

23) To make accept, endorse, execute, and issue cheques , promissory

notes, bills of exchange and other negotiable instruments.

24) To invest or deposit or deal with the moneys of the company not

immediately required for the purpose of its business in such

manner as may from time to time be determined.

25) To guarantee the performance of the contracts.


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26) To borrow or raise or secure the payment of moneys in such

manner as the company shall think fit.

27) To receive money or deposit and to lend with or without

securities to such companies firms or persons and on such terms

as may be expedient.

28) To remunerate any person or company for services rendered or to

be rendered in placing of the shares of the companys capital for

the promotion of the company or the conduct of the business.

29) To establish branches in India or elsewhere and to undertake the

management of the company.

30) To sell or dispose of the undertaking or property of the company,

or for such consideration as the company may think fit.

31) To improve manage, deal with any part of the property movable

or immovable of the company and all or any of the rights and

concession of the company.


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32) To provide for the welfare of the employees or ex-employees of

the company and the wives, widows and families of the

dependent

33) And generally perform acts to attain the above objects.

34) to do all or any of the above things in any part of the world as

principals, agents, contractors etc.


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ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION

COSTITUTION OF THE COMPANY

The regulation contained in table a in the first schedule to the

companies act, 1956 or in table A in the first schedule to the Indian

companies act of 1913 shall not apply to the company except in so far

as they are embodied in the following articles, which shall be the

regulation for the management of the company.

CAPITAL

The capital of the company is Rs. 150,00,00,000 divided into

150,00,00,000 equity Shares of Rs 1/- each.

(a) In event it is permitted by law to issue shares with non-voting

Rights attached to them, the directors may issue such shares upon

such terms and conditions and with such rights and privileges, as

the directors may deem fit.

(b) The board shall duly comply with section 75, with regard to all

allotments of shares from time to time.

(c) The board may at any time increase the subscribed capital of the

company by issue of further shares out of the un issued part of the

share capital, but subject to some provision.


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(c) Without prejudice to any special rights previously conferred on

the holders of any existing shares or class of shares, any share in

the company may be issued with such preferred, deferred or other

special rights or such restrictions whether in regard to dividend,

voting, return of capital or otherwise as the company may from

time to time sanction by ordinary resolution.

(e) Subject to the provisions of sec (80) any preference shares may

with sanction of an ordinary resolution be issued on the terms that

they are or at the option the company are liable, to be redeemable

on such terms and in such manner as the company before the

issue of shares, be special resolution, determine.

SHARES AND DEBENTURE CERETIFICATE

1) Every person whose name has been entered as a member in the

register shall be entitled to receive without payment

a) One certificate for all his shares; or

b) Where the shares so allotted at any one time exceeds the

number of shares fixed as market lot

Accordance with the wages of the stock exchange, shareholder,

several certificates one each per marketable lot and one for the

balance.


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1) Every certificate shall be under the seal and shall specify the

shares or debentures to which it relates and the amount paid up

there on.

2) Every certificate of title to the shares or the share shall be issued

only in accordance with the provisions of the companys rules,

1960, or any amendment thereof or any provisions by law

applicable there to, for the time being in force.

CALLS ON SHARES

Subject to the provisions of sec (91), the board may from time to time,

make such calls as they may think fit upon the member in respect of

all money unpaid on the shares held by them respectively and not by

the Conditions of allotment thereof made payable at fixed time, and

the members shall pay the amount of every Call so made on them to

the person and at the time and place appointed by the board.

LIEN

The company shall have a first and paramount lien upon all shares

other than fully paid-up shares registered. In the name of any

member, either alone or jointly with any other person and upon the

proceeds of sale there of for all money called or payable at a fixed


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time in respect of such shares and such lien shall extend to all.

Dividends from time to time declared in respect of such shares. But

the board at any time may declare any Shares to be exempt, wholly or

partially, from the provision of this Article.

FORFIETURE OF SHARES

If a member fails to pay any call or installment of a call on the

appointed for the payment there of the board may at any time there

after during such time as any part of such a call or installment remains

unpaid serve a Notice on him requiring payment of so much of the call

or installment as is unpaid together with any interest, Which may have

accrued. The notice aforesaid shall state name a future day on, or

before which the payment required by the notice is to be made and

shall be made, and shall state that, in the event of non-payment on or

before the day Appointed, the shares in respect of which the call was

made will be forfeited. If the requirements of any such notice are not

compiled with, any share in respect of which the notice has been given

may, at any time there after before the payment required by the notice

has been forfeited by a resolution of the board to that effect.

TRANSFER AND TRANSMISSION OF SHARES

The instrument of transfer of any shares in the company shall be

executed both by the transferor and the Transferee and the transferor


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shall be deemed to remain the holder of the shares until the name of

the Transferee is entered in the register in respect there of. The

instrument of transfer shall be in respect of only one class of shares.

The executor or administrator of a deceased member or the holder of a

succession certificate Empowered there by to receive dividends on and

to negotiate any shares belonging to the deceased member Shall be the

only person recognized by the company, as having any title to the

shares registered in the name of such a member should have been a

member of a joint Hindu family, the board on being satisfied that the

shares standing in his name in fact belonged to the joint Hindu family

may recognize the karta there of as having title to the shares registered

in the name of such member.

SHARE WARRANTS

The company may issue share warrants to and in accordance with the

provisions of section (114) and (115) and accordingly, the board may

in their decision, with respect to any shares which is fully paid up an

application in writing and signed by the person registered as the holder

of the shares by such evidence if any, as the board may from time to

time, require as to identify of the person signing the application and on

receiving the certificate if any, of the share, and the amount of the

stamp duty required for the warrant and such fee as the board may


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from time to time require, issue a share warrant and may provide by

coupons or other wise for the payments of the future dividends on the

share specified in the share warrant. A shares warrant shall entitle the

bearer to the shares included in it and the shares shall be Transferred

by the delivery of the share warrant and the provisions of the articles

of the company with respect to transfer and transmission of shares

shall not apply there to. The bearer of the share warrant shall, on the

surrender of the warrant to the company for cancellation and on

payment of such fee as the board may from time to time prescribe, be

entitled to have his name entered as a member in the register of the

members in respect of the shares included in the warrant.

ALTERATION OF CAPITAL

The company in general meeting from time to time alter its conditions

of the Memorandum of Association as follows that is to say

a) Increase its share capital by such amount, as it thinks expedient

by creating new shares.

b) Consolidate or divide all or any of its shares of larger amount

than its existing share. Convert all or any of its fully paid up

shares into stock and reconvert that stocks into fully paid up

Shares of any denomination.


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c) Cancel any shares, which at the date of the passing of the

resolution in that behalf have not taken or agreed to be taken by

any person and diminish the amount of its share capital by the

amount of shares so cancelled.


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DIRECTORS

Subject to the provisions of the act and until otherwise determined by

the general meeting. The number of directors shall not be less than

seven and not more than fifteen the Managing Director for time being

shall be the ex-officio director of the company and shall not be liable

to the retirement by rotation. No share qualification by way of share

holding shall be required of a director and any person, whether a

member or not shall hold office as a Director. Except as other wise

provided by the articles, all the Directors of the company shall have in

all matters equal rights and privileges, and be subject to equal

obligations and duties in respect of the affairs of the company. The

board shall provide a common seal to the company and shall have

powers to destroy the same and substitute a new seal in lieu thereof.

The common seal shall be kept at the registered office of the company.


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BOARD OF DIRECTORS

R.J. Shahaney, Chairman

R. Seshasayee, Managing Director

G. Boschetti

S.C. Chawla

P.K. Choksey

A.K. Das

S.M. Datta

D.G. Hinduja

J. Joseph

H. Klingele

S.K. Mukerji

F. Sahami, (Alternate: B.D.Punjab)

R. Sorce

M.J. Subbaiah

R. Jagannath


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GENERAL MEETING

ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING

The company shall in each year hold in addition to any other meeting

a general meeting as its Annual General Meeting and shall specify the

meeting as such in the notice calling it, and not more than 15 months

shall Elapse within the date of one Annual General Meeting of the

company and that of the next. Every Annual General Meeting shall be

called for at a time during business hours on a day, which is not a

public holiday and shall be held either at the Registered Office of the

company or at some other place within the city, town or village in

which the registered office of the company is situated. All other

General meeting is referred to as Extraordinary General Meeting.

EXTRAORDINARY GENERAL MEETING

The board may whenever they think fit convene an extra ordinary

General meeting at such time and at such place as they deem fit.

Subject to the directions if any given by the board the managing

director may convene Extra ordinary General Meeting whenever he

thinks fit at such time and place as he may deem fit.


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ORGANISATION STRUCTURE

It is a graphical means or a record depicting vividly the formal

organization Structure and shows the formal superior subordinate

relationship. A chart is a blue print of companys functions, lines of

authority and other key positions. It shows who supervises and controls

whom and the relationship with the various units. It gives visual ideas

about formal relationship by showing the main line of authority. It also

points out the job title at the management level. A master chart shows

the key positions at the managerial hierarchy. A sales chart gives the

added details of organization. The organizational chart gives us adequate

information merely at a glance. The following organizational chart of the

company COMPANY NAME will tell us the following.

1) It can tell as what activities are performed and who does them.

2) There is a clear report about relationships, and points out who is

accountable to whom.

3) It defines the scope and limits of the job.

4) It indicates the extend to which authority of a position holder can

be raised.

5) It describes for each job the interaction position it has with other

positions.


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MANAGING DIRECTOR

ED (MARKTING) ED

HEAD

ENGIN

SPECIAL DIRECTOR

(CUSTORMER SERVICE)

SPECIAL DIRECTOR

(VECHICLE SALES)

HEAD

CUSTO

MERGROUP

LDV

HEAD

CUSTO

MERGROUP

MDV

HEAD

CUSTO

MERGROUP

PARTS

HEAD

CUSTOMER

GROUPMARKETING

HEAD

HR &

TOM

HEADTECH

NICALSERVICES

HEADCOMM.

SERVICES

HEADADVT &

SALESPROM

RO

PARTS &PWH

MR

(MKTG)HEAD

DO

HEADSERVICEPRODUCTS

HEADEXPOR

TS

HEADCUSTO

MERGROUPDEF &PROJ.

HEADVEHIC

LESALES

HEADREGION

HEAD

SALES

&SERVICES


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DEPARTMENTATION

A department is the element of the organisation process. It is means

of dividing the large and complex organization into smaller and

flexible administration units. It involves horizontal differentiation of

activities in an enterprise.

Departmentation may be defined as the process of grouping individual

jobs into departments it involves grouping of activities and employees

in to departments so as to facilitate the accomplishment of

organisation objects.

There are many departments some of them are mentioned below:

Production Department

Product Development and Research Department

Marketing Department

Accounts Department

Public Relation Department

Finance Department

Human Resource and Development Department

Secretarial Department

Personnel Department

10. Legal Department


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PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT

It is the most important department the production of vehicles is

however not an individual task of its own it is based on various other

departments and estimates drawn by them. COMPANY NAME as

production units at seven places Ennore,Hosur3units, Bhandara,

Alwar and hyderabad production chief of each unit is reporting to the

Managing Director. It has annual production capacity of 50000

commercial vehicle and 60000 engines.


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PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH

DEPARTMENT

Any organizations name, fame and good will depend on the products

that it manufactures. So, it would be advisable for every growing

enterprise to promote such a department where by, effective measures

are taken to increase the product's efficiency capacity. It would serve

best for big organizations in the long run.

The research development can formulate surveys and researches to

innovate new methods. This department which is at Ennore is

responsible for introduction of a new range of vehicles and for

suggesting modifications to suit customer requirements based on the

market study.

MARKETING DEPARTMENT

The production department has direct contact with the marketing

department. Only based on the market figures, the production

department can effect production for subsequent years.

COMPANY NAME has a centralized marketing department at

Chennai Regional Sales Offices and Warehouse, located at various

parts of the country and reporting to this department


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Marketing Research Department analyses various date received from

systematic study and conclusions arrived at, for forecasting production

and sales. For the year 2003-2004 around 50,000 vehicles have been

sold.

(I)Technical Literature

As a part of after-sales-service and to enable the customers for ensuring

proper operation and service with the correct parts, Instruction Book,

Parts Catalogue and Service Manual, are prepared for the companys

products. Technical Literature group is responsible for preparation and

updating of the Service Literature. Instruction Books are made

available to every customer and Parts Catalogues and Service Manuals

to Field staff, major customers, dealers and ASCs. Unit specification

details are received from Product Development through electronic

media. The specification details are updated twice in a month.

The Unit specifications details received from Product Development are

converted into Marketing specifications by deleting non-serviced

items, incorporating illustration numbers, part numbers and arranging

the part numbers in assembly sequence, groupwise as per illustration

to prepare a Parts Catalogue. For bought out items, vendor part


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numbers are obtained from the concerned suppliers and P part

numbers are obtained from Spare parts Department. These numbers

are incorporated in the Parts Catalogue. Based on data collected form

the Product Development, other service literature like Service Manual

and Instruction/Operators Manual are prepared. The service literature

is approved by Head (Technical Service Group) before being taken up

for printing.


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ACCOUNTS DEPARTMENT

In today's competitive world of business, finance and accounting has

assumed critical significance. In any business venture, a correct and

complete analysis of financial statement is crucial to successful

decision-making. This is possible only if the accounts are maintained

accurately. Properly and kept up-to-date. The department of accounts

basically maintains three types of books of accounts. They are:-

Cash Book

Bank Book

General Ledgers, which consists of subsidiary ledgers.

The accounting of all the departments at COMPANY NAME is

centralized. Any transaction in a company consists of cash and bank

transactions. Cash and bank transactions are maintained for the

receipts and payments of cash. Entries are made in the cash and

bankbooks through the payments and receipts vouchers. All receipts

and payments are cross - checked by the account officer and finally

accounted to the executive account officer. A computer facility in

provided for updating transactions. A system of internal check is

created to keep track of the receipts and payments of cash. In this

department, a number of internal audits is made to keep the employees

at vigil and also to maintain a proper and true set of books of accounts.


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PUBLIC RELATION DEPARTMENT

This department has been formed for maintaining good public

relations so that specialization can be achieved in that area also.

This department deals with Promotion of new projects because, when

a new project is going to be started, a lot of people have to be

effectively dealt with and convinced. This is been done by to public

relations department.

Maintenance of proper relationship with outsiders. There will be a no

of people who deal with the company, whose need may arise and

therefore maintenance of proper relationship is a must. This is quite

essential for the smooth functioning of the company's lucrative

business.

FINANCE DEPARTMENT


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This department is the basis for all the other departments. For the

production, marketing or any other department, the parameters of

budget set by the finance department serves as the guideline. No

department can function on it's own without relying on the finance

department. Big organizations usually have a centralized Finance

Department, which would take care of all it's expenditures and

receipts.

The Finance Department of COMPANY NAME Limited is a very

professionally managed unit which clearly sketches out the various

situations will in advance and make the necessary arrangement for

cash. Some of the sources of internal funds are Equity Share Capital,

Reserve and Surplus and Private placement of debentures. The

external sources of funds are assets securitization, commercial paper,

cash credit term loans and fixed deposits. The sales turnover of

company is RS.3,000 crores.


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HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT

Most organisation have a Human Resource Development Department,

which takes care of the manpower, their training, staffing etc.,

COMPANY NAME has committed to developing technical skills and

supervisory effectiveness of its employers at then on supervisory and

the supervisory levels for achieving high performance. The training

programmes of the company are planned keeping this object in view.

Human Resource Development has always been a matter of prime

importance.

SECRETARIAL DEPARTMENT

"Secretary" means a company secretary within the meaning of clause

(c) of subsection (1) of the company secretaries Act, 1980 and

includes any other individual possessing the prescribed qualifications

and appointed to perform the duties which may be performed by a

secretary under this Act and any other ministerial or Administrative

duties (sec. 2(45)).


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PERSONNEL DEPARTMENT

COMPANY NAME has a corporate personnel department at Chennai,

besides personnel department at the respective plants. They assess the

man power requirement in line with increasing business volume and

initiate recruitment action accordingly.

In addition to the above, they also target to enhance the employee

potential by organising training programmes as appropriate to their

functions.

LEGAL DEPARTMENT

An important Department whose services are essential to the company

is the Legal Department.

The Main functions of this department are:

Giving legal advise to all departments

Instituting and defending cases by / against the company.

Drafting of various documents for entering into agreements,

contracts on behalf of the company.

Filing of Forms & Returns with the Registrar of Companies, for

various purpose viz. Registration of charges, mortgages etc.,

OFFICE LAYOUT

The location may be described as the arrangement of equipment with

in the available floor spaces.


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The department in COMPANY NAME office is situated in convenient

area taking into consideration the possibilities of its expansion.

Departments, which are closely interrelated is placed adjacent to each

other. The general office is situated at the central place.

The cash department is kept separate. The accounts departments using

noisy equipment are kept at separate inconvenient places.

Each employee is allotted sufficient to handle his work efficiently.

Each employee is allocated place depending upon the nature of his

work his positional space required for the storage of files stationery

and other items. There are also separate rooms, office, for confidential

maters and work requiring mental concentration separate rooms

allotted.

There are also reception room and conference room. The reception

room is will decorated attractive and it is located near the entrance of

the main gate.

The Office is provided by safety measured to eliminate office hazards.

There are adequate numbers of exits. There is no construction to the


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flow of work, to open drawers, over crowding unguarded or unfenced

machined is look after with proper care precautions.

The office of COMPANY NAME had provided many provisions of

amenities of facilities for the employee. The amenities of facilities

include telephone, lifts, washing rooms, toilets, cool drink water.,

canteen etc., These facilities are provided at a central convenient

places for all employees.

Sufficient quantity of lighting has been provided in the office. It

makes possible for the workers to see what he is doing clearly, quickly

and accurately. Interior decoration has been found as on attractive

decoration which adds to the appearance of there room and a

psychological effect on then people working in it.

Suitable furniture has been provided for office clerks to perform the

work comfortably, speedily and efficiently. The usual furniture found

in the office include desk, chairs, and tables racks cabinets, cup-

boards, lockers sofas, trays, almirah etc.,


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LABOUR WELFARE

The term Labour Welfare is one, which tends itself to various

interpretations, and it has not always the same significance in various

countries. As pointed out by the Royal commission on Labour, the

term Welfare is applied to the industrial worker is one which must

necessarily be elastic, bearing a some what different interpretation in


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one country form another, according to there different social customs,

the degree of industrialization and the educational development of

workers. Therefore it is not easy to define the germ precisely different

interpretations are given to the welfare activities by different people

one-definition confines it to voluntary efforts on the past of the

employees to provide employees the best condition of employment in

their factories.

Industrial harmony can only be maintained when the workers feel that

they are adequately remunerated or the work and are treated fairly by

the employer. Much of the irritations and fractions, which embitter

industrial, are not being received by the employer property if the

labourers are property they feel satisfied and find no scope for

resentment against employers. It has been experienced in the Tata

Group of industries it is there fore said that the importance of welfare

is greater in India than in the west.

The Money spent on Labour welfare work by the employer is bound

to react directly or indirectly to their Own benefits and to the direct

benefit of the employees if work conditions are improved it will

certainly improve the health and efficiency of the workers. The

employer may contribute something towards the amenities of the


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workers to which the employees spend nothing in India because of

their poor financial conditions. Labour welfare activities may ensure

the employer a stable and contented labour force lower absenteeism

and labour turnover.

BANK

IOB is situated within the complex where the companys office is

situated. All most all the officers & staffs of COMPANY NAME have

their savings bank A/c in the bank Some of the bank activities like en

cashing cheques drawing drafts, and other bank activities are carried

in this bank.

LIBRARY

In the library of the company the books relating to the production of

vehicle are kept. The information books relating to tools, Nuts, etc.,

are also there.

CANTEEN

In COMPANY NAME limited the Country is very spacious and

hygienic with free flow of light and air, the canteen is well equipped


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and furnished with during table, chairs, light, fans and with other

requirements like drinks coolers, wash basins. The canteen is only for

the staffs of the company & the trainees are also allowed.

A coffee / tea us offered to the staffs with some snacks in the morning

and evening for their refreshment.

ACCOUNTING RATIOS

Accounting ratios are relationships expressed in mathematical terms

between figures which are connected with each other in some manner.

CLASSIFICATION OF RATIOS

The ratios are classified into different categories depending upon the

basis of classification

Traditional classification.

Functional classification

Under functional classification there are 3 heads of ratios

1) Profitability ratio

2) Turnover ratio

3) Financial ratio


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Profitability ratio is an indication of the efficiency of which the

operations of the business are carried on. The Turnover ratio indicates

the efficiency with which the capital employed is rotated in the

business Financial ratio is the only ratio most of the companys follow

for calculating their companys profits, current ratio etc.

1. PROFITABILITY RATIO

Profitability Ratio are of almost important for a concern this Ratios are

calculated to enlighten the end results of business activities which of a

business concern. The following are important profitability Ratios.

EARNING PER SHARE

This is the most important ratio. It revels the performance and

prospects of the Company are altered by earning per share. If earning

per share increases there is a possibility that the company may pay

more dividend or issue bonus shares. In short the market price of the

share of a company will be altered by all these factors.


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Though the earning per share is the most widely polished date, get it

should be used cautiously as earning per share cannot represent the

various financial operations at the business, moreover the financial

data collected in respect of different company it may be attested by

different practices should by the company it may be affected by

different practices should by the companies relating to shock in trade

depreciation etc. This ultimately will attract the calculation of earning

per share and that is why earning per share should be used will

precaution will company the performance and prospects of two

companies.

This ratio calculated as follows:

Earning Per Share = Net profit Preference Dividend

No. of Equity Share

Particulars 2001-2002 2002-2003 2003-2004

Net profit (after

preference

dividend)

922.56 1202.12 1935.80

No. of Equity share

capital

118.929 118.929 118.929

Earning Per share 7.76 10.11 16.28


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EARNING PER SHARE


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0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

2001-

2002

2002-

2003

2003-

2004

EARNING PERSHARE


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NET PROFIT RATIO

The net profit ratio indicates net margin earned on sale of Rs 100.

It is calculated as follows: Net Operating Profit /Net Sales.

Net operating ratio is arrived at by deduction operating expenses from

gross profit.

SIGNIFICANCE

This ratio helps in determining the efficiency with which affairs of the

business are being managed. An increase in the over the previous

period shows the improvement in the operational efficiency of the

business provided the gross profit ratio is constant. The ratio is thus an

effective measure to check the profitability of the company.

Particulars 2001-2002 2002-2003 2003-2004

Net Profit 922.56 1202.12 1935.80

Net Sales 26304.48 30739.95 39272.73

Net Profit Ratio 3.508% 3.911% 4.930%

INTERPRETATION

An increase in the ratio over the previous period shows the

improvement in the Operational Efficiency of the business provided

the gross profit ratio is constant. The net profit ratio in the years 2001-

02 02-03 03-04 showing increases in net profit. This shows that the

company is running successfully.


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NET PROFIT RATIO

0.00%

0.50%

1.00%

1.50%

2.00%

2.50%

3.00%

3.50%

4.00%

4.50%

5.00%

2001-

2002

2002-

2003

2003-

2004

Net Profit Ratio


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2. TURNOVER RATIOS

FIXED ASSETS TURNOVER RATIO

This ratio expresses the number of times assets are being turned once

in a stated period. Its is calculated as under.

F. A. TURNOVER RATIO = SALES / NET FIXED ASSETS

Particulars 2001-2002 2002-2003 2003-2004

Sales 26304.48 30739.95 39272.73

Net fixed assets 9560.99 9398.38 9211.00

F. A. T/O Ratio 2.751 3.271 4.264

INTERPRETATION

This ratio measures value of fixed assets turnover ratio of the business

This also measure how off effectively to funds are used purchasing

fixed assets. The company ratio is which is quite well.


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FIXED ASSET TURNOVER RATIO

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

4.5

2001-

2002

2002-

2003

2003-

2004

FIXED ASSET

RATIO


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FINANCIALRATIOS

It is one of the classifications of ratios. Financial ratios indicate about

the financial position of the company. A Company is deemed to be

financially sound if it is in a position to carry on its business smoothly

and meet all its obligations both long term and short term. Thus, its

financial position as been judged from two angles ---long term as well

as short term. It is a sound principal of finance that long-term

requirements should be meet out of the longterm funds and short-term

requirements from short term funds. Some of the financial ratios are

as follows,

1) Current Ratio

2) Liquid Ratio

3) Debt equity ratio

4) Proprietary ratio

Financial ratio is the only ratio most of the companys follow. And the

financial ratio is the ratio that which indicates the financial position of

the company.

The financial ratios of COMPANY NAME are as follows


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CURRENT RATIO

This ratio is an indicator of the firms commitment to meet its short-

term liabilities. It is expressed as follows. Current asset means asset

that will either be used up or converted into cash within a years time

or a normal operating cycle of the business, whichever is longer.

Current liabilities mean liabilities payable within a year.

Current ratio = Current Assets / Current Liabilities.

SIGNIFICANCE:

The current ratio is an index to the concerns financial stability, since it

shows extent of the working capital, which is the amount by which the

current asset exceeds the current liabilities higher current ratio

indicates inadequate employment of funds while a poor current ratio is

a danger signal to the management

Particulars 2001-2002 2002-2003 2003-2004

Current Assets 15551.76 7480.16 6310.52

Current Liabilities 5727.01 5923.77 8325.37

Current Ratio 2.716 1.262 0.757

INTERPRETATION:

The ideal current ratio is 2. The ratio if 2 is considered to be in a safer

side. The company COMPANY NAME shows a higher level of

current assets, which means less efficient use of funds. This means

excessive use of long-term sources of raising funds.


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CURRENT RATIO

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

2001-

2002

2002-

2003

2003-

2004

CURRENT

RATIO

LIQUID RATIO


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This ratio is also termed as acid test ratio or quick ratio. This ratio is

ascertained by comparing the liquid asset with the current ratio.

The ratio expressed as Liquid Asset/Current Liabilities

SIGNIFICANCE

The comparison of the current ratio to the quick ratio shall indicate

the inventory hold ups Prepared expenses and stock are taken as

liquid assets. Liquid liabilities mean liability, which is paid in a

short period

Particulars2001-2002 2002-2003 2003-2004

Liquid Asset 12584.89 13841.36 13081.05

Current Liability 5727.01 5923.77 8325.37

Liquid Ratio 2.198 2.337 1.572

INTERPRETATION

The firms liquid ratios are sufficient to meet its current liabilities and

this reveals that the company maintains a smooth flow in its funds.

Some persons prefer the term liquid asset for current liability. The

ideal ratio is 1 this ratio is the indicator of the short term solvency of

thecompany

LIQUID RATIO


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0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

2001-

2002

2002-

2003

2003-

2004

LIQUID RATIO


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DEBT EQUITY RATIO

The debt equity ratio is determined to ascertain the soundness of the long-

term financial policies of the company

Debt Equity Ratio: Long Term Debt/Share Holders Fund

SIGNIFICANCE

The ratio indicates the proportion of the owners stake in the business

excessive Liabilities tend to cause insolvency. The ratio indicates the extent

to which the firm depends upon the outsiders for its existence.

Particulars 2001-2002 2002-2003 2003-2004

Long Term Debt 8884.49 7172.22 4990.73

Share Holders Fund 10319.53 9595.02 10194.23

Debt Equity Ratio 0.861 0.748 0.490

INTERPRETATION

The ideal ratio is one. A low ratio indicates greater claims of owners than

creditors from the point of creditors it represents a satisfactory Capital

Structure of the business. Since a high proportion of equity provides a larger

margin of safety for them.


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DEBT EQUITY RATIO

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

2001-

2002

2002-

2003

2003-

2004

DEBT EQUITY

RATIO


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PROPRIETARY RATIO

It is a variant of debt equity ratio. It establishes relationship between the

proprietary share holders funds and the total tangible asset.

The ratio is expressed as: Share Holders Funds /Total Tangible Asset

SIGNIFICANCE

This ratio focuses the attention on the general financial strength of the

business enterprise. This ratio is of particular importance to the creditors

who can find out the proportion of shareholders funds in the total assets

employed in the business. A high proprietary ratio will indicate relatively

little danger to the creditors.

Particulars 2001-2002 2002-2003 2003-2004

Share Holders Funds 10319.53 9595.02 10194.23

Total Tangible Assets 21145.52 16988.32 18.455.07

Proprietary Ratio 0.489 0.565 0.553

INTERPRETATION

The ideal ratio is above 50%. A low proprietary ratio indicates greater risk

to the creditors since in the event of loss a part of the money may be lost

besides loss of the proprietors of the business. The higher the ratio, relatively

less danger to the creditors in the event of winding up.


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PROPRIETORY RATIO

0.44

0.46

0.48

0.5

0.52

0.54

0.56

0.58

2001-

2002

2002-

2003

2003-

2004

PROPRIETORY

RATIO


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SUGGETIONS

To stand and win the existing competitions some of my suggestions

The company must try to invest in the field of two wheelers.

The company must spend more of the revenues in the Research and

development departments.

The company must produce more quality output so that even

developed countries may emphasis to buy the company output.

The company must try to adopt more technique procedures in the field

of productions.

The company now leads in only automobiles field. The company may

invest in the field of I.T. Insurance.

The company may lay emphasis in more joint ventures with highly

developed multinational corporations.

The company may spend more for welfare of the employees and staff.

So that they make take part actively for the company upgradation.

The company may commence new production sectors in abroad.


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CONCLUSION

This Institutional Training helped me a lot, to know more about the

activities of the Company, which we cannot get through mere theoretical

studies. By this training we are given a chance to know how theories are

put in to practice.

The knowledge I gained through this training will definitely help me in the

future.

Some of our observations regarding the companys aspects are given below:

This year reviewed the strong growth. The company recorded the highest

Sales & Profit. The companys net sales for the year are Rs. 33939 million.

It has been increased by 26.6% as compared to previous year. This is due to

the increase in the sales volume of commercial vehicles by 33.5% and

increased in casting by 65.1%. The sale of engines and spare parts where

decreased mainly due to the capacity constraint. Due to the increase in the

commodity price there was a increase in input cost upto 4-6%.


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Net current assets as on 31.3.2004 as Rs. 6311 million as against the

previous year level of Rs.7481 million. Inventories have gone upto Rs.5069

million compared to Rs. 4105 millions as at March 2003. The increase is in

line with the activity increase. Debtors have come down to Rs.4065 million

from Rs. 5182 million mainly due to repayment of deferred receivables by

COMPANY NAME finance Ltd., The high level of cash and bank balance

is due to substantial collections from Debtors/Bill Discounting during the

last few days of the financial year.

The Earning per share ratio is increasing gradually during the years this

shows that the funds are effectively spent. The net profit ratio is increased,

this shows that the companies running successfully. Fixed Assets turnover

ratio is quite well this shows that the funds are effectively used for

purchasing assets. The current ratio is well better than the ideal ratio. The

liquid ratio are sufficient to meet its current liabilities and this reveals that

the company maintains a smooth flow in its funds and short term solvency

of the company. The debts equity ratio is 0.490 in the current year this

provides larger margin of safety for them. The proprietary ratio is 0.553 this

shows the safer side of the creditors if loss acquires.


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Though there is a stiff and close competitions COMPANY NAME still

holds a strong and leading name in the field of manufacturing automobiles.

COMPANY NAME is at work, ensuring that the product promise is

delivered in full COMPANY NAME has a high bench marks for customer

responsiveness.

If the company follows the same financial policies and Improve the quality

of output, no doubt that the company will flourish in the future and survive

the present competition

Documents

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