PROJECT

MANAGEMENT

A project is one – having a specific objective to be completed within certain specifications – having defined start and end dates – having funding limitations – consuming resources

P

PEOPLE MANAGEMENT

PROCESS MANAGEMENT

PRODUCT MANAGEMENT

PROFIT MANAGEMENT

PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT

R

RESOURCES MANAGEMENT

RESULT MANAGEMENT

RISK MANAGEMENT

O

OPTIMUM UTILISATION OF RESOURCES

ORGANISATION MANAGEMENT

ORIENTATION IN APPROACH

J

JUST IN TIME TECHNIQUES?

E

END IN MIND

EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT

EFFICIENT MANAGEMENT

C

COMMUNICATION

CUSTOMER ORIENTATION

CUSTOMER SATISFACTION

T

TRANSFORMING ORGANISATIONS FOR PERFORMANCE

Project Management is planning, organizing, directing and controlling company resources, for a relatively short term objective that has been established to complete specific goals and objective. Furthermore, project management utilizes systems approach to management by having functional personnel (vertical) assigned to a specific project (horizontal)

Project Management involves Project Planning – define work requirement – define quality of work – define resources needed Project Monitoring – tracking progress – comparing actuals to predicted – analyzing impact – making adjustment

Obstacles in Project Management

– Project complexity – Customer’s special requirement – Organizational restructuring _ Organisational constraints – Project risks – Changes in technology – Forward planning _ Forward pricing

Potential benefits ……

– identification of functional responsibilities to ensure that all activities are accounted for, regardless of personnel turnover – minimizing need for continuous reporting – identification of time limits for scheduling – identification of methodology for trade off analysis

Potential benefits

– measurement of accomplishment against plans – early identification of problems so that corrections can follow – improved estimation capability for future planning – knowing when objectives cannot be met or will be exceeded

Who can be a project manager ?

-Qualification?

-Personal characteristics?

-Skill requirements?

Personal characteristics…

-Flexibility and adaptability-Preference for significant initiative-Leadership-Aggressiveness, confidence, persuasiveness-Verbal fluency-Ambition, activity, forcefulness-Effectiveness as communicator-Integrator

Personal characteristics…

-Broad scope of personal interests-Poise, enthusiasm, imagination-Spontaneity-Able to balance technical solutions with time cost and human factors-Well organised and disciplined-A generalist rather than specialist

Personal characteristics

-Able and willing to devote most of his time to planning and controlling-Able to identify problems-Willing to make decisions-Able to maintain a proper balance in use of time

Skill requirements….

-Team building-Leadership-Conflict resolution-Technical expertise

Skill requirements

-Planning-Organisation-Entrepreneurship-Administration-Management support-Resource allocation

Methods and Techniques For Developing Project Managers

I.EXPERIENCIAL TRAINING/ON THE JOB -Working with experienced professional leader-Working with project team member-Assigning a variety of project management responsibilities, consecutively-Job rotation, formal on the job training- Supporting multifunctional activities

II. CONCEPTUAL TRAINING/SCHOOLING -Courses, seminars, workshops-Simulation, games, case studies-Group exercises-Hands on exercises in using project management techniques-Professional meetings-Conventions, symposia-Reading books, trade journals and professional magazines

III.ORGANISATIONAL DEVELOPMENT -Formally established and reorganised project management function-Proper project organisation-Project support systems-Project charter-Project management directives-Project management policies-Project management procedures

Life Cycle Phases

Product life cycleProject life cycle

Product life cycle

Research and developmentMarket introductionGrowthMaturityDeteriorationDeath

Project life cycle

ConceptualDefinitionProductionOperationalDivestment

Conceptual phase….

Determine existing needs orPotential deficiencies of existing systemsEstablish system conceptsDetermine initial technical feasibility,Determine environmental feasibility, Determine economic feasibility

Conceptual phase….

Determine predictability of the systemExamine ways of accomplishing objectives Provide the initial answers to What will the system cost When will the system be available What will the system do How will the system be integrated

Conceptual phase

Identify human/non-human resources requiredSelect initial system designsDetermine initial system interfacesEstablish system organisation

Definition phase….

Identify resources required firmlyPrepare final system performancePrepare detailed plans requiredDetermine realistic cost and scheduleDetermine performance requirements

Definition phaseIdentify of high risk and uncertainty areasPlans for further exploration of these areasDefine of inter/intra system interfacesDetermine necessary support subsystemsIdentify documents required to supportPrepare such documents required

Production phase….

Update plans conceived / definedIdentify and manage resources requiredVerify system production specificationsProduce, construct and install

Production phase

Prepare and disseminate policy documents procedural documents

Perform final testing to determine adequacyDevelop technical manuals / documentationDevelop plans to support the system

Operational phase

Use of results by the user customerIntegrate product /service into existing systemEvaluate technical / social sufficiencyEvaluate economic sufficiency Provide feedback to organizational plannersEvaluate adequacy of supporting system

Divestment phase...

System phase downDevelop plan transfer to support organizationDivest transfer of resources to other systemsDevelop lessons learned from systemInclude lessons in qualitative-quantitative data base

Divestment phase...

Assess image of the customerMajor problems encountered How they were solvedTechnological advancesKnowledge advances Vs strategic objectives

Divestment phase

Improved management techniquesRecommend research and developmentRecommend future programmesOther major lessons learned

Systems Thinking….

Input data to mental processAnalyse dataPredict outcomeEvaluate outcomes

Systems Thinking

Compare alternativesChoose the best alternativeTake actionMeasure resultsCompare with predictions