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PROJECT MANAGEMENTCROSS LIFECYCLE ACTIVITY
Lecture 95/10/15
Learning Objective
Consider factors affecting Project FailureAppreciate Project Management Tools and
Techniques Investigate four main stages of Project
ManagementUnderstand what is meant by Cross Lifecycle
ActivitiesDefine Project Feasibility and identify the
characteristics of IS Project Feasibility
3-3
Project Management Tasks and Activities
Project Phases Project Initiation Project Planning Project Execution Project Closedown
3-4
Project Initiation
First phase of project management, involves assessment of project scope, size, and complexity and establishment of project procedures
3-5
3-6
Project initiation does not include detailed plans for entire project
3-7
The Project Workbook
An online or hardcopy repository of all project correspondence, inputs, outputs, deliverables, procedures, and standards
Used as a primary communications medium for the project team
3-8
Project workbook grows and evolves during project activities
3-9
Project Planning
Second phase of project management, focusing on defining clear, discrete activities and the work needed to complete each activity within a single project
3-10
3-11
The Baseline Project Plan (BPP)
The major deliverable from the project initiation and planning phases, this document contains estimates of scope, benefits, schedules, costs, risks, and resource requirements
BPP is updated throughout project execution and closedown
3-12
Gantt: Focus is on time.
Network: Focus is on dependencies.
Two Project Scheduling Diagrams in Microsoft Project
These diagrams are important components of the BPP.
3-13
Cost-benefit analysis is a key component of the BPP
3-14
Project Execution
Third phase of project management, involving putting the plans created in the previous phases into action, and monitoring actual progress against the BPP
3-15
3-16
3-17
Recap
Describe effective project management skills through all phases of the systems development process.
Describe OOSAD. Understand critical path scheduling, Gantt charts, and
Network diagrams. Work with commercial project management software
products.
Is the IS development project
feasible?
What should/does the system do?
How should the system be designed to serve the needs of
the user (s)?
Does the system measure up?
Are the users satisfied?
Does the system do what it is supposed
to do?
How do we gather the requirements to
inform system design?
What are the alternative
approaches to Information System
development?
How do we manage an IS development project efficiently and effectively?
Systems Development Life Cycle – Cross Life-Cycle Activities
How the phases organized into pragmatic stages size of steps (deliverables) and activities executed order of the stages
Different methodologies might be associated with (recommend) the same (type of) SDLC – some have their own dedicated SDLC
Cross Life Cycle Activities
Cross Life Cycle Activities Cross life cycle activities are activities that overlap many or all
phases of the methodology – in fact, they are normally performed in conjunction with several phases of the methodology.
Cross life cycle activities include: fact finding documentation and presentation estimation and measurement feasibility analysis project management process management.
ID Task Name
1 Survey Phase
2 Study Phase
3 Definition Phase
4 Targeting Phase
5 Design Phase
6 Purchasing Phase
7 Construction Phase
8 Implementation Phase
9
10 Fact Finding
11 Documentation
12 Presentation
13 Estimation
14 Measurement
15 Feasibility Analysis
16 Project management
17 Process management
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
12/31 1/7 1/14 1/21 1/28 2/4 2/11 2/18 2/25 3/3 3/10 3/17 3/24 3/31 4/7 4/14 4/21 4/28 5/5 5/12 5/19January February March April May
Cross Life Cycle Activities
Fact Finding Fact finding – also called information gathering or data collection
-- is the formal process of using research, interviews, meetings, questionnaires, sampling, and other techniques to collect information about systems, requirements, and preferences.
Cross Life Cycle Activities
Documentation and Presentations Communication skills are essential to the successful completion of
a project. Two forms of communication that are common to systems
development projects are documentation and presentation. Documentation is the activity of recording facts and
specifications for a system. Presentation is the related activity of formally packaging
documentation for review by interested users and managers. Presentations may be either written or verbal.
Cross Life Cycle Activities
Documentation and Presentations Version control over documentation has become a critical success
factor; it involves keeping and tracking multiple versions of a system's documentation. Most information systems shops want to keep documentation
for all of the following versions:• One or more previous versions of the system.• The current production version of the system.• Any version of the system going through the build and test
activity.• Any version going through the life cycle to create a new version.
Cross Life Cycle Activities
Estimation and Measurement Information systems are significant capital investments. For this
reason, estimation and measurement activities are commonly performed to address the quality and productivity of systems. Estimation is the activity of approximating the time, effort,
costs, and benefits of developing systems. The term guesstimation (as in ``make a guess'') is used to describe the same activity in the absence of reliable data.
Measurement is the activity of measuring and analyzing developer productivity and quality (and sometimes costs).
Cross Life Cycle Activities
Estimation and Measurement There are two common approaches to estimation.
First, some analysts avoid estimation out of fear, uncertainty, or lack of confidence.• The analyst may resort to what are jokingly called ``guesstimates.''
Better analysts draw on experience and data (both their own and the collective experience of others) from previous projects to continually improve their estimates.
