Promoting Cleaner Production

Siarhei Darozhka, Belarusan National Technical University, Minsk

Borki-Molo, BUP EM Course Teachers Conference, 30.06.2006

Supporting Cleaner Production

NATURAL

Supporting Cleaner Production

MAN-MADE

Supporting Cleaner Production

REALITY…

Supporting Cleaner Production

Implementing and supporting process of CP projects needs to have:

Promotion and information Capacity building, and development of institutions Sharing of international experience and cooperation Influences from market forces Actions of authorities; legal measures and taxation Economical support of authorities and others; subsidies Cooperation with stakeholders Education and training

International Declaration on Cleaner Production

CP supported Institutions

Networks and Partnerships for CP Promotion (WEC,REC, LEEP, etc.)

International organisations (UNEP, UNIDO, OECD, WBCSD, WB, EEA, ERCP…)

National Cleaner Production Centres

Range of Policy Instruments

Awards

/ Rec

ogniti

on

Public I

nform

ation

/ Edu

catio

n

Life cy

cle an

alysis

Environ

mental

repo

rting

Eco A

udits /

EM

S

Produ

ct Lab

ellin

g

Public R

eleas

e and T

ransfe

r Reg

ister

s

Negoti

ated A

gree

ments

Deman

d side

man

agem

ent

Liabili

ty re

form

s

Subsidy

remov

als

Mar

ketab

le pe

rmits

Environ

mental

char

ges

Trade

restr

iction

s

Ambient s

tanda

rds

Permits

Bans

Range of Instruments for Environmental Policy

CORRECTS LACKOF INFORMATION

CHANGES INCENTIVES MANDATES SPECIFICBEHAVIOUR

Information-basedstrategies

Incentive-basedstrategies

Directive-based regulation

(Adapted from EEA: Environmental Agreements: Environmental Effectiveness - 1997)

CP Policy instruments

There exist two or three dozen of commonly used policy instruments, which fall into three general categories:

Regulatory instruments - which require or mandate specific behaviour, e.g. determine what is prohibited, what is allowed, and how to carry out certain activities

CP Policy instruments

Economic Instruments, which create incentives or disincentives for specific behaviours, by changing related economic conditions

Information-based strategies , which seek to change behaviour by providing information. The underlying assumption is that the actors do not take optimal or correct decisions for lack of information or know-how

Regulatory Instruments and Promoting Cleaner Production

Mandatory review of applicability of Cleaner Production within the permitting process;

Regulation of emissions by mass instead of concentration, to encourage reduction rather than dilution;

Environmental impact reports; Permits for all hazardous emissions; Public disclosure of standard emissions, inputs and efficiency of

their use, as well as any spills, releases, or accidents; The training of environmental inspectors to identify and recommend

pollution prevention opportunities; Enabling companies to spend money from penalties and fines on

cleaner production initiatives; Pollution regulation through economic instruments instead of

command-and-control; Introduction of an integrated permitting approach (IPPC).

Cleaner Production Investments

government funds resources from national budget donations grants fees and fines environmental taxes and product charges other resources

Information-Based Strategies Promoting the adoption of targeted, high-profile demonstration

projects, to demonstrate the techniques and costsaving opportunities associated with cleaner production

Encouraging educational institutions to incorporate preventive environmental management within their curricula

Publication of information on environmental performance, for example, by establishing a pollutant release and transfer register and stimulating voluntary corporate reporting

Eco-labelling and environmental product declarations schemes

Promoting effective training initiatives

High profile awards for enterprises that have effectively implemented cleaner production

Stakeholder Involvement

Industry Government & local authorities Educational institutions Employees Suppliers and customers Financial organisations and NGOs.

Barriers for Cleaner Production

Lack of interest and commitment by Senior Executives

Poor organization of CP Program Poorly defined goals, responsibilities and

timetable Fear of tacking decision Resistance to change Blocks to creativity

”New Idea Killing” Don’t forget that we must also earn money! You will never be able to sell this idea to the management Let’s think more about that, LATER I know it’s not possible We are too small/big for that We have already tried that (We haven’t) That will be too expensive! NOW is not the right time for this discussion That will mean more work! We have always done it this way/so why should we change now? You don’t quite understand the problem Let’s take it up again/later/much later In our branch it’s different Let somebody else try it first It doesn’t fit into our long-term planning Talk to Lars, this is not my field We have already over-spent our budget for this year It won’t work/and besides that/it’s against our policy We have no time for that It sounds fine in theory/but how will it work in practice? We don’t have enough employees to implement that idea We are not ready for this idea yet It is too late to make changes now

Education and Training for Employees

The training program may include the following themes:

Concepts and activities of cleaner production Activities for creation of cleaner production projects of simple

processes Review of opportunities for cleaner production Process of implementation, possible obstacles and how to go it

through Opportunities for cleaner production projects of complex processes How to resist pressure of business, practical exercises Communication between participants within the projects of cleaner

production, practical exercises Widening and deepening knowledge of opportunities for cleaner

production Team work skills Priority list of opportunities for cleaner production, exercises Value of contribution of all employees in the cleaner production

program

Links between Cleaner Production and other Tools

ISO 14001/EMS Environmental Policies (sectoral, intersectoral - industrial

development policy, foreign trade policy/customs policy, investment promotion policy, fiscal policy and tax regimes, energy and transport policy, agricultural policy, education and science and technology policy, health policy)

IPPC Directive is an example of a comprehensive approach to regulating the environmental impacts from production facilities

Integrated Product Policy (IPP) concept as a comprehensive approach to product-related environmental problems

Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) as a policy principle to promote total life cycle environmental improvements of product systems

Thank you and good luck Thank you and good luck while teaching CP!while teaching CP!