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Promotion of Safety
Chapter 10
Intro to HST
Using Body Mechanics – Unit 1
Prevent strain and help maintain muscle strength
Prevent injury to yourself and others
Reasons for Using Body Mechanics
Muscles work best when used correctly
Makes lifting, pulling, and pushing easier
Prevents unnecessary fatigue and strain
Saves energy
Prevents injury to self and others
Eight Basic Rules of Body Mechanics
Maintain a broad base of support
Feet 8 – 10 inches apart
One foot forward
Balance weight
Bend from hips and knees
Back straight
Ø bend at waist
Use strongest muscles Shoulders, upper arms,
hips, thighs
Use the weight of your body Push, pull or slide rather
than lift
Use entire body and lean in direction of movement
Carry heavy objects close to body
Avoid twisting body as you work Turn with feet and entire body
Avoid bending for long periods
Too heavy? Get help Mechanical lift
Gait belt
Preventing Accidents and Injuries – Unit 2
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
Department of Labor
Health and safety standards
Occupational Exposure to
Hazardous Chemicals
Bloodborne Pathogens
Hazardous Chemicals Standard
Employers inform employees of chemicals and hazards in workplace
Manufacturers must provide MSDS Product ID information
Protection or precaution guidelines
Instructions for safe use
Procedures for handling spills, cleanup, and disposal
Emergency first aid procedures
Employers must train employees on proper procedures / policies
ID types and locations of hazards
Locate and use MSDS manual
Read and interpret labels and signs
Use PPE’s
Locate cleaning equipment and correct cleaning methods
Report accidents and exposure
Bloodborne Pathogens Standard
Protects health care workers from diseases caused by exposure to bodily fluids
Body fluids: Blood, blood components
Urine, stool
Semen, vaginal secretions
Cerebrospinal fluid
Saliva, mucus
Diseases caused by body fluids Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C
AIDS
Ergonomics
Applied science to promote safety and well-being by adapting the environment
Components
Placement of furniture / equipment
Training on required muscle movement
Avoid repetitive movements
Awareness of environment
Prevention of accidents and injury in immediate environment
Responsibilities of health care worker Personal / patient safety
Caution when handling equipment / solutions
Use good judgment
Ask questions PRN
Follow policies / procedures to create safe environment
Health care worker legal responsibility to protect patient
Workplace Safety
Ø operate equipment w/o proper training or w/o instructor in room
Read and follow instructions
Report damaged / malfunctioning equipment
Lock-out systems
Ø use frayed / damaged cords
Third prong
Read MSDS before using chemicals
Read labels x 3
Do not mix chemicals unless instructed to do so
Avoid contact w/ skin and eyes
Use only as directed
Report spills / accidents immediately
Patient / Resident Safety
Ø perform procedures on patients without instruction, permission
Provide privacy for all patients
Identify patient
Explain procedure
Observe patient closely during procedure
Check patient area for hazards
Observe all safety checkpoints before leaving patient in bed
Personal Safety
Use correct body mechanics
Wear required uniform
Walk (do not run)
Report accidents or injury immediately
Report unsafe situations
Keep all areas neat and clean
Wash hands frequently
Dry hands before handling electrical equipment
Wear safety glasses when instructed
Observe all safety precautions
Avoid horseplay
If solutions come in contact with skin or eyes…
If particle gets in eye…
Observing Fire Safety – Unit 3
3 things needed to start a fire
Oxygen
Fuel
Heat
Causes of fires
Smoking and matches
Misuse of electricity
Defects in heating systems
Spontaneous ignition
Improper rubbish disposal
Arson
Classes of fire extinguishers According to type of fire they
extinguish
Class A Water paper, cloth, wood
Class B Carbon dioxide liquids
Class C Dry chemical (potassium
bicarbonate) electrical
Class ABC Graphite all types of fires
In case of fire…
Remain calm, do not panic
RACE R…rescue patients in immediate danger
A…activate alarm
C…contain fire
E…evacuate / extinguish
PASS P…pull pin
A…aim at base of fire
S…squeeze handle
S…sweep from side to side
Preventing Fires
Watch for causes of fires and correct anything that may cause a fire
“No Smoking” signs, oxygen use
Extinguish flammable items completely
Dispose of waste properly
Handle electrical equipment properly
Store flammable liquids in proper containers
Clean up spills immediately
Disaster Preparedness
Types Tornados
Earthquakes
Floods
Bomb / terrorist attacks
In any disaster…stay calm
Follow facility policy
Provide safety for yourself and patients