Property of Lear Siegler. Property of Lear Sielger

Property of Lear Siegler

Property of Lear Sielger

TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVEAt the completion of this lesson the student will:

Action: Plan a flight

Condition: Given a VFR flight mission, required equipment, charts and publications

Standard: In Accordance With (IAW) Army Regulation (AR) 95-1, 14 CFR (Code of Federal Regulations) Part 91, Aeronautical Information Manual (AIM) and the Sectional Aeronautical Chart


ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE (ELO) #1

Action: Select the applicable publication concerning rules or regulations governing flight conditions

Condition: Given a condition of flight within U.S. airspace and a copy of AR 95-1 and 14 CFR Part 91

Standard: IAW AR 95-1 and 14 CFR Part 91


AR 95-1

Applicability: This regulation applies to all Army, Army National Guard of the United States, and U.S. Army Reserve aircraft systems and persons involved in the

operation, aviation training,standardization, and maintenance of such

aircraft and systems.Property of Lear Sielger

AR 95-1

Purpose: This regulation establishes procedures, policies, and responsibilities

for aircrew training, standardization,and the operation of Army aircraft.


14 CFR PART 91

Applicability:a. Applies only in the United States and it’s territories.b. Applies to both civil and military aircraft


14 CFR PART 91

Purpose:a. Regulates the operation of aircraft.b. Regulates the actions of airmen.c. Defines and regulates airspace.

Limits:a. Does not apply to operations over high seas.b. Pilot may deviate for safety of flight.


EMERGENCIES!


EMERGENCIES: AR 95-1para 1-6. Deviations a. Individuals may deviate from provisions of this regulation during emergencies. b. Individuals who deviate from the provisions of this regulation, Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), orhost country regulations must report details of the incident directly to their unit commander. The incident must be reported within 24 hours after it occurs.


Questions?



Action: Select the basic VFR cloud clearances governing flight in controlled airspace

Condition: Given a VFR flight situation

Standard: IAW FAR Part 91


Basic VFR Cloud Clearancein Class B Airspace

3 SM Visibility

Clear of Clouds


Basic VFR Cloud Clearancein Class C and Class D Airspace

1000’ above

2000’ horizontal3 SM Visibility

500’ below


= > 10,000 feet MSL

1000’ above

1 SM horizontal

Basic VFR Cloud Clearancein Class E Airspace

5 SM Visibility

< 10,000 feet MSL

1000’ above


500’ below

1000’ below


18,000 feet MSL

Questions?



Action: Select the correct rules/regulations governing flight within Class A airspace


Standard: IAW 14 CFR Part 91


CONTROLLED AIRSPACE

Airspace of defined dimensions within which air traffic control

service is provided to IFR flights and to VFR flights in accordance with the airspace classification.

Airspace classifications areClass A, Class B,

Class C, Class D, Class E.Property of Lear Sielger

CLASS E


CLASS A

Airspace designated in 14 CFR Part 71, within which there is positive control of aircraft.

Class A airspace is designated throughout most of the

conterminous United States.


Flight Level 600

18,000 Feet MSL

Dimensions - Class AOperating requirements in

Class A - All IFR


Questions?



Action: Select regulations governing Class B airspace




CLASS B

Controlled airspace extending upward from the surface or higher to specified altitudes within

which all aircraft are subject to operating rules and pilot and equipment requirements specified in

14 CFR part 91.(The nation’s busiest airports in terms of IFR

operations or passenger enplanements.)


Class B - Profile View


PRIMARYAIRPORT

BLUECONCENTRIC

CIRCLES

LATERALDIMENSIONSAS DEPICTED

VERTICALDIMENSIONSAS CHARTED


PRIMARYAIRPORT

BLUECONCENTRIC

CIRCLES




MODE “C” VEIL


MAGENTACONCENTRIC

CIRCLE

LATERAL DIMENSIONS -THIRTY NAUTICAL MILES

FROM CENTER OFPRIMARY AIRPORT

VERTICAL DIMENSIONSSURFACE TO

10,000 FEET MSL

Mode C Veil

MO

DE

CM

OD

E C30

NM

30 NM

30 NM

CEILING - 10,000 FT MSL


Mode C VeilMode C Veil

Class BOperating Requirements:

• ATC Clearance required prior to entry.

• 4096 Code Transponder with Mode C required while operating within the thirty mile veil.

• Maintain 3 SM visibility and remain clear of clouds.


VFR Cloud Clearance in Class B Airspace

3 SM Visibility

Clear Of Clouds


Operating within the thirty nautical mile veil

(outside of Class B):

• Two-way radio and initial contact not required.

• Mode C and squawking VFR (1200) is required.

• VFR cloud clearances for airspace classification.


Questions?



Action: Select regulations governing flight within Class C airspace




CLASS C

Regulatory airspace surrounding designated airports wherein ATC

provides radar vectoring and sequencing on a full time basis

for all VFR and IFR aircraft.


PRIMARYAIRPORT

MAGENTACONCENTRIC

CIRCLES

LATERALDIMENSIONS

DEPICTED

VERTICALDIMENSIONS

CHARTED

5NM10N

M

CLASS C AIRSPACEProperty of Lear Sielger

PRIMARYAIRPORT

MAGENTACONCENTRIC

CIRCLES

LATERALDIMENSIONS

DEPICTED

VERTICALDIMENSIONS

CHARTEDCLASS C AIRSPACE


Class C

Core surface area - surface to 4,000 feet above airport elevation and 5 NM

radius from airport center.

5 NM

4,0

00

FT


Class C

10 NM

1,2

00

FT

to

4,0

00

FT

Shelf area - 1,200 feet to 4,000 feet above airport elevation and 10 NM

radius from airport center.


Class C Operating Requirements:

• Mandatory use is required within 10NM and two-way radio communication must be maintained while within Class C airspace.

• Mode C required within and above all Class C airspace up to 10,000 ft MSL.


Class C Operating Requirements:

• Operations from satellite airports located within Class C airspace require two-way radio communications with theATC facility having jurisdiction over the airspace.

• Basic VFR cloud clearances apply.


Basic VFR Cloud Clearance in Class C Airspace

1000’ above


500’ below


Questions?



Action: Select regulations governing flight within Class D airspace




CLASS D

Controlled airspace around an airportat which a control tower is operating.


PRIMARYAIRPORT

BLUESEGMENTED

LINE

HORIZONTALBOUNDARIES

TAILORED

VERTICALLIMITS

CHARTED CLASS D AIRSPACEProperty of Lear Sielger

PRIMARYAIRPORT

BLUESEGMENTED

LINE


TAILORED

VERTICALLIMITS

CHARTED CLASS D AIRSPACEProperty of Lear Sielger

Surface to 2,500 feet above the airport elevation,horizontal

boundaries individually tailored.

2,5

00

FT

CLASS DProperty of Lear Sielger

Class D Operating Requirements:

• Required to establish radio communications for operations within Class D airspace.

• Communications required if landing or departing to/from satellite airports within the Class D airspace.

• Maintain basic cloud clearance and visibility.


Basic VFR Cloud Clearance in Class D Airspace

1000’ above


500’ below


Questions?



Action: Select regulations governing flight within Class E airspace




CLASS E

If airspace is controlled airspaceand it is not Class A, B, C, or D,it is Class E airspace. Class E airspace begins at the surface

or a higher specified altitude, andextends upward to the

overlying controlled airspace.


SURFACE BASEDCLASS E

1. An airport without a control tower.

2. Exists when the operating control tower shuts down and an approved weather observation system is in operation and communications are available to the surface.


SURFACE BASEDCLASS E

3. Extensions to surface areas of other controlled airspace.


NO CONTROLTOWER

MANGENTASEGMENTED

LINE


TAILORED

SURFACE BASED CLASS E AIRSPACENO CONTROL TOWER


NO CONTROLTOWER

MAGENTASEGMENTED

LINE


TAILORED

SURFACE BASED CLASS E AIRSPACENO CONTROL TOWER


BLUESEGMENTED

LINE


TAILORED

SURFACE BASED CLASS E AIRSPACETOWER SHUTS DOWN


CONTROLTOWER SHUTS DOWN

BLUESEGMENTED

LINE


TAILORED

SURFACE BASED CLASS E AIRSPACETOWER SHUTS DOWN


CONTROLTOWER SHUTS DOWN

MAGENTASEGMENTED

LINE


TAILORED

SURFACE BASED CLASS E AIRSPACEEXTENSION TO SURFACE AREA


MAGENTASEGMENTED

LINE


TAILORED

SURFACE BASED CLASS E AIRSPACEEXTENSION TO SURFACE AREA


CLASS EALOFT AREAS

1. Controlled airspace beginning at 700 FT or 1200 FT AGL used to transition from the terminal or enroute environment.

2. Controlled airspace beginning at a higher MSL altitude.


INSIDE OFMAGENTA

VIGNETTE =700 FT

AGL BASE


TAILORED

CLASS E AIRSPACE ALOFT AREAS700 FT BASE


INSIDE OFMAGENTA

VIGNETTE =700 FT

AGL BASE


TAILORED

CLASS E AIRSPACE ALOFT AREAS700 FT BASE


CLASS E AIRSPACE ALOFT AREAS1200 FT AGL BASE

OUTSIDE OFMAGENTA =

1200 FTAGL BASE


CLASS E AIRSPACE ALOFT AREAS1200 FT AGL BASE

OUTSIDE OFMAGENTA =

1200 FTAGL BASE


CLASS E AIRSPACE ALOFT AREAS1200 FT AGL BASE OR HIGHER WHEN

ABUTTING CLASS G AIRSPACE

INSIDE OF BLUEVIGNETTE =

BASE 10,500 FT MSL(IN THIS EXAMPLE)


CLASS E AIRSPACE ALOFT AREAS1200 FT AGL BASE OR HIGHER WHEN

ABUTTING CLASS G AIRSPACEProperty of Lear Sielger

INSIDE OF BLUEVIGNETTE =

BASE 10,500 FT MSL(IN THIS EXAMPLE)

CLASS E AIRSPACE ALOFT AREASFLOORS GREATER THAN 700 FT AGL

FLOOR OF CLASS E AIRSPACE IS

GREATER THAN 700 FT AGL IN

AREA DESIGNATED BY “TRACTOR

TREAD” DESIGN


THE FLOOR OF CLASS E

AIRSPACE IS AT14,500 FT MSL

UNLESS DESIGNATED AT A LOWER

ALTITUDE

CLASS E AIRSPACE ALOFT AREASBASE 14,500 FT MSL Property of Lear Sielger

Class E Operating Requirements:

• No Special Equipment requirements when less than 10,000 FT MSL. If at or above 10,000 FT MSL, transponder with Mode C capability is required.

• Maintain basic VFR cloud clearance requirements for flight altitude.


= > 10,000 feet MSL

1000’ above

1 SM horizontal

Basic VFR Cloud Clearance in Class E Airspace

5 SM Visibility

< 10,000 feet MSL

1000’ above


500’ below

1000’ below


Questions?



Action: Select regulations governing flight within Class G airspace




CLASS G

That portion of the airspace that has not been designated as

Class A, B, C, D, or E airspace is Class G.


Class G Dimensions

Airspace outside of or below controlled airspace.


CLASS EClass G equipment requirements:

VFR - none


CLASS E

Class G, at or below 1,200 FT AGL, regardless of MSL altitude;

operate clear of clouds,

at a rate of speed to see and avoid obstacles and other traffic,

1/2 mile vis day, 1 mile vis night.


CLASS E

Class G, above 1,200 FT AGL, but below 10,000 FT MSL;

500 FT below clouds, 1000 FT above clouds, 2000 FT horizontally

from clouds,

maintain 1 SM visibility day, 3 SM visibility night.


CLASS E

Class G, above 1,200 FT AGL and at or above 10,000 FT MSL;

1000 FT below clouds, 1000 FT above clouds, 1 mile horizontally from clouds, and maintain 5 SM

visibility.


Questions?



Action: Identify requirements for Special VFR flight




SPECIAL VFR REQUIREMENTS:

1. Air Traffic Control clearance required.

2. Operating within the lateral boundaries of surface areas of controlled airspace designated for an airport, when the weather is below 1,000 FT ceiling and visibility is less than 3 SM.3. Maintain clear of clouds and 1/2 milevisibility unless higher minimums arerequired at the airfield.


Questions?



Action: Select regulations governing flight in an Airport Advisory Area


Standard: IAW FAR Part 91


Airport Advisory Area (AAA)

The area around an airport without a control tower, or where the tower is not in

operation, but where a Flight Service Station is located and operational.


NO CONTROLTOWER IN

OPERATION

10 SM FROMCENTER OF

AIRPORT,SURFACE TOINDEFINITE.

AIRPORT ADVISORY AREA

FSS OPERATIONAL


Surface to indefinite,horizontal

boundaries 10 SM radius from airport center.

AIRPORT ADVISORY AREAIN

DE

FIN

ITE

10 SM


Airport Advisory Area Operating Requirements:

• VFR, recommended to maintain two-way radio communications while operating in the Airport Advisory Area.



Questions?



Action: Select regulations governing flight with Terminal Radar Service Areas (TRSA’s)




Terminal Radar Service Area

Part of the radar service program atselected airports. The TRSA’s do not fitinto any of the U.S. airspace classes.

Primary airports become Class D airspace.The TRSA will overlie other

controlled airspace, usually Class E.


CLASS DAT PRIMARY

AIRPORT

TERMINAL RADARSERVICE AREA

SOLID BLACKLINES




Terminal Radar Service Area Operating Requirements:

• Contact ATC to use services.


• Comply with ATC instructions.


Questions?



Action: Select regulations governing flight in Special Use Airspace




Special Use Airspace

Special Use Airspace consists of thatairspace wherein activities must be confined because of their nature, or wherein limitations are imposed upon

aircraft operations that are not partof those activities or both.


BLUE OR MAGENTAFEATHERED LINES

SPECIAL USE AIRSPACE

VERTICALDIMENSIONS

AS DESIGNATEDIN TABULATED

DATA ON SOUTHSIDE OF VFRSECTIONAL


Prohibited Area

Established for national security reasons.Flight within this area prohibited.

Designated with letter symbol “P” and number designator.


PROHIBITED AREA

VERTICALDIMENSIONS



BLUEFEATHERED LINESAND DESIGNATOR


Restricted Area

Denotes the existence of unusual, ofteninvisible hazards such as aerial gunnery,

artillery, or missile firing. Advance permission required. Designated with the

letter “R” and number designator.



RESTRICTED AREA

VERTICALDIMENSIONS




Warning Area

Denotes airspace over international waterswith hazards similar to restricted areas.Aircraft cannot be restricted from entrysince area is over international waters.Designated with letter symbol “W” and

number designator.



WARNING AREA

VERTICALDIMENSIONS




Alert Area

Alerts pilots to high volume of pilot trainingor unusual activity within the area. Norestrictions on through flight. Pilots are

responsible for collision avoidance.Designated with letter symbol “A” and

number designator.



ALERT AREA

VERTICALDIMENSIONS




Military Operations Area

Alerts pilots to military aircraft which may be performing abrupt maneuvers or

aerobatics. No restrictions to through flight. Designated with letter symbol “MOA” and

name designator.


MAGENTAFEATHERED LINESAND DESIGNATOR

MILITARY OPERATIONS AREA

VERTICALDIMENSIONS




Air Defense Identification Zone

Airspace within which the identification,location, and control of aircraft are

required for national security. VFR trafficflying into the ADIZ must file a Defense

VFR (DVFR) flight plan. Designated withmagenta line and magenta dots with words

“Air Defense Identification Zone.”


MAGENTALINE AND DOTS

AIR DEFENSE IDENTIFICATION ZONE

SURFACE TOINDEFINITE


Questions?



Action: Select regulations governing flight in Temporary Flight Restriction areas


Standard: IAW Aeronautical Information Manual


What is a TFR?


Causes for the creation of Temporary Flight Restriction areas

Provide a safe environment for the operation of disaster relief aircraft. This area is

normally limited to within 2000 feet AGL and within a 3-nautical mile radius.


Protect people and property from existing or imminent hazards


Prevent unsafe congestion of sightseeing aircraft

Protect VIP’s

Protect space agency operations

Flying in TFR’s could be hazardous to your health


PROGRAMMED INSTRUCTION!

Complete the programmed instruction in your student handout at this time. You will needAR 95-1 and the exerts out of FAR Part 91

in the back of your student handout.

NOTICE!!!THIS PROGRAMMED INSTRUCTION

IS TESTABLE MATERIAL!


Documents

Property of Lear Siegler. Property of Lear Sielger