MUHAMMAD MUHAMMAD (pbuh)(pbuh) After the HijrahAfter the Hijrah

A.S. Hashim

Having arrivedHaving arrived

Escaping the hostile Mecca, Muhammad went through:

1. Precarious events, was almost caught

2. Exhausting Travel

3. Over a period of two weeks travel Was welcomed in the outskirts of Medina Waited for two weeks for Ali to arrive

Waiting for AliWaiting for Ali

Ali Arrives: Having walked to Medina on foot Prophet's Family: With Ali Jumu'ah Salat: First time in Freedom The Welcoming Crowd:

MuslimsJewsDisbelievers

Total Muslims so farTotal Muslims so far

Total Meccans who Had accepted Islam: 400-450 Over a period of 13 Yrs:

Of Arduous work andDespite extreme harassments

Muslims leave behind family and business in Mecca Muslims emigrate to Medina Many Families have divided loyalties

The welcoming crowdThe welcoming crowd

1. The Muslims of Medina: Who had recently embraced Islam

2. The Disbelievers still abounding in Medina

3. The Jews consisting of:

a. Three major tribes

b. Jewish community at large The Songs of Welcome: Celebration

Building Qubaa mosqueBuilding Qubaa mosque

They lay foundation for Qubaa Mosque Qubaa is a few miles from Medina Mosque completed some time later Salim ibn Hudhayfah Yamani in charge of prayers over

there

Qubaa mosque NowadaysQubaa mosque Nowadays

Effecting status of brotherhoodEffecting status of brotherhood

Ansaar and Muhajiroon: One on One Basis Muhammad takes Ali as a Brother Advantages of effecting Brotherhood:

Stability Financial Learning

Building the Prophet’s MosqueBuilding the Prophet’s Mosque

Land Bought from Orphans The Prophet himself Participates in Building Mosque Structure:

100X100 Yards: Dirt FloorTrunk of Palm Trees as ColumnsPalm leaves for Roof

Functionality: Extremely Functional

ReplicaReplica of the Prophet’s Mosque, of the Prophet’s Mosque, at the time of the Prophetat the time of the Prophet

Prophet’s Mosque NowadaysProphet’s Mosque Nowadays

Community stabilityCommunity stability

Effecting Brotherhood Mutual Defense with Major Jewish Tribes:

1. Benu Qainuqaa

2. Benu Nadheer

3. Benu Quraidha

Treaty between Muhammad and Jewish Treaty between Muhammad and Jewish tribestribes

1.1. There were three Jewish There were three Jewish tribes in Medina, affluent, tribes in Medina, affluent, controlling the area controlling the area financially, and looked upon financially, and looked upon as powerful and a local as powerful and a local might.might.

2.2. The Tribes were: Benu The Tribes were: Benu Qainuqaa', Benu Nadheer, Qainuqaa', Benu Nadheer, and Benu Quraidha.and Benu Quraidha.

3.3. They lived off the local They lived off the local warring Arabic tribes by warring Arabic tribes by lending at high interest rate, lending at high interest rate, inciting or subtly inciting or subtly encouraging discord.encouraging discord.

At first the Jewish tribes At first the Jewish tribes looked upon the looked upon the Muslims favorably and Muslims favorably and signed treaties of signed treaties of mutual defense with mutual defense with them.  them. 

Soon after, however, they Soon after, however, they changed their ways and changed their ways and became adversaries to became adversaries to Muhammad (pbuh) and Muhammad (pbuh) and the Muslims.the Muslims.

Formidable DecisionsFormidable Decisions

6. Spreading Islam

5. Challenging Quraish

4. Treaty with Jews

3. Prophet’s Mosque

2. Effecting Brotherhood

1. Qubaa Mosque

Muhammad

Budding Islamic governmentBudding Islamic government

Surah Al-Baqarah was revealed Establishment of State Affairs Fasting, Zakat, and Haj Community affairs R elation with the local Jews Self Defense: Permission to defend with arms

Challenge to QuraishChallenge to Quraish

Deploying Scout Missions Threatening Quraish’s route of Commerce reminder to Quraish of Muslim Presence Attempt to intervene Abu Sufyan's Caravan of Quraish

  Problems facing Muhammad at this Problems facing Muhammad at this periodperiod

1.1. The disbelievers of Mecca The disbelievers of Mecca (Quraish) and others.(Quraish) and others.

2.2. The Jewish tribes in Medina The Jewish tribes in Medina and their scheming.and their scheming.

3.3. The disbelievers of Medina The disbelievers of Medina and surrounding area.and surrounding area.

4.4. Directing a fast budding Directing a fast budding Muslim Ummah:  Muslim Ummah: 

5.5. Administration, decisions, Administration, decisions, formatting, and shaping it formatting, and shaping it according to the Islamic according to the Islamic Shari'ahShari'ah

1.1. The perils facing The perils facing Muhammad (pbuh) were Muhammad (pbuh) were phenomenal in many phenomenal in many ways.  ways. 

2.2. Only a person of Only a person of superhuman power and superhuman power and capability can stand this capability can stand this pressure —and pressure —and Muhammad (pbuh) did it Muhammad (pbuh) did it brilliantly. brilliantly.

Badr encounterBadr encounter 1,000 Meccan Disbelievers Attacking with:

Superior armsSuperior numbers

313 Defending Muslims with:Superior FaithSuperior Prowess

Confrontation was During Ramadhan Disbelievers Soundly Defeated

Badr encounterBadr encounterد!ر# #د!رب ب Muslims fought on foot Had only two horses Highly enthusiastic Promised Heaven if killed Outnumbered 3 to 1, Muslims victorious

Pagans had many horses Face an onslaught from

the Muslims Lose a large number of

their leaders Dealt an astounding

defeat

Location of BadrLocation of Badr

The Site of Badr The Site of Badr د!ر# #د!رب ب

Muslim Camp

Enemy’s Passage

Angel’s site

Prisoners taken during BadrPrisoners taken during Badr

70 Meccans were Taken as Prisoners To Pay Compensation to be released (those who can

afford it) The Literate Meccan Prisoners can:

1. Pay Compensation or

2. Each to Teach 10 Muslims to Read and Write

Happenings after BadrHappenings after Badr

After Badr:

1. Benu Qainuqaa Break Treaty

2. Benu Qainuqaa Banished Al-Hasan is Born Muslims ecstatic, with Self Confidence Islamic Government Progresses

Ohod encounter Ohod encounter ح(د) (ح(دأ أ Takes Place one year after Badr Meccan Disbelievers: 3,000 Fighters Muslims: 700 Fighters 300 Hypocrites with the Muslims Withdraw Place 5 Miles from Medina

  Highlights of the battle of OhodHighlights of the battle of Ohod

Muhammad Faced the Muhammad Faced the Following:Following:

1.1.The disbelievers of The disbelievers of Mecca (Quraish) and Mecca (Quraish) and others.others.

2.2.The Jewish tribes in The Jewish tribes in Medina and their Medina and their scheming.scheming.

3.3.The disbelievers of The disbelievers of Medina and surrounding Medina and surrounding areaarea..

1.1. Disbelievers of Mecca in Disbelievers of Mecca in confrontation to avenge confrontation to avenge the battle of Badr.the battle of Badr.

2.2. Muhammad (pbuh), in Muhammad (pbuh), in order to defend Muslims, order to defend Muslims, agrees to the majority agrees to the majority decision of Muslims, decision of Muslims, though he was of the though he was of the opinion to fortify Medina opinion to fortify Medina to defend it.to defend it.

Strategy in OhodStrategy in Ohod

Muslims to Protect the Mountain Pass Muslims’ Force on an Elevation Initially Muslims Almost Win, start to Collect Booty Ignoring the specific Instructions, Most Guardians of the

Pass Abandon it, rushing for the booties Khalid Ibn al-Walid attacks Muslims from the rear of the

Pass

Prophet in dangerProphet in danger Attacked by Khalid from the rear and Quraish from the

Front, Muslims are in Disarray Prophet, being in Danger, is Protected by:

Ali Al-Muqdad and few Others

Ali Chases Away four groups of raiders The Prophet (pbuh) gets wounded

Ohod IIOhod II

1.1. 50 Muslims to guard 50 Muslims to guard the Passthe Pass

2.2. The guards see The guards see Muslims winningMuslims winning

3.3. Guards leave postGuards leave post

4.4. Khalid’s surprise Khalid’s surprise attacksattacks

5.5. Hamza KilledHamza Killed

6.6. Prophet woundedProphet wounded

1.1. At first Disbelievers At first Disbelievers retreating, losingretreating, losing

2.2. Muslims attacked by Muslims attacked by Khalid from behindKhalid from behind

3.3. Muslims attacked Muslims attacked from frontfrom front

4.4. Battle draws to a haltBattle draws to a halt5.5. 70 Muslims get killed 70 Muslims get killed

(10%) of the force(10%) of the force

Aftermath of OhodAftermath of Ohod

Terrifying Experience: Loss of 70 Muslims Deep Sorrow for Disobeying the Prophet Disbelievers Emboldened, bragging Disbelievers around Medina Attack Muslims frequently Muslims have to Defend themselves often

The designated archers at The designated archers at OhodOhod

Disbelievers attack from behind Disbelievers attack from behind OhodOhod

Site of the battle of OhodSite of the battle of Ohod

After OhodAfter Ohod

Al-Husain is Born Benu Nadheer Break Treaty with Muslims Benu Nadheer Banished Benu Nadheer go to Khaybar Very Shaky Period for Muslims

The Ditch encounterThe Ditch encounter

Fifth year of Hijrah Concept: Salman Al-Farsi Suggestion Carried out Ditch Digging Finished in Time (6 days of very arduous

work) Ditch Prevented War and Killing

  Highlights of the Ditch encounterHighlights of the Ditch encounter

1.1. Disbelievers of Mecca and nearby areas, with strategic planning by Disbelievers of Mecca and nearby areas, with strategic planning by the Jewish Ben Nadheer tribe mass a force of 10,000 to annihilate the Jewish Ben Nadheer tribe mass a force of 10,000 to annihilate the Muslimsthe Muslims

2.2. Al Abbas informs Muhammad (pbuh) they have only 6 days to take Al Abbas informs Muhammad (pbuh) they have only 6 days to take action.action.

3.3. Salman the Persian gives a brilliant suggestion—dig a ditch.Salman the Persian gives a brilliant suggestion—dig a ditch.4.4. The ditch was essential to separate the disbelievers from the Muslim The ditch was essential to separate the disbelievers from the Muslim

forces.forces.5.5. Amr ibn Abd-Wid, the hero of Quraish, crosses the ditch, challenges Amr ibn Abd-Wid, the hero of Quraish, crosses the ditch, challenges

the Muslims.  Ali takes the challenge.the Muslims.  Ali takes the challenge.6.6. Ali brilliantly finishes off Amr—thus dealing the disbelievers a major Ali brilliantly finishes off Amr—thus dealing the disbelievers a major

psychological blow.psychological blow.7.7. Much intrigue behind the Muslims' back:  between the disbelievers Much intrigue behind the Muslims' back:  between the disbelievers

and the Jewish Benu Nadheer and Benu Quraidha.  It was undone.and the Jewish Benu Nadheer and Benu Quraidha.  It was undone.8.8. Heavy rains, lightning and thunder scare the disbelievers, they flee.Heavy rains, lightning and thunder scare the disbelievers, they flee.

Ditch confrontationDitch confrontation

Disbelievers 10,000 strong, as yet the largest force in Arabia

Benu Nadheer (Jewish) organizers and supporters of the enemy

Leadership by Abu Sufyan Mu’awiya, 28 yr old with his father Abu Sufyan

Schematics of the trenchSchematics of the trench

The Trench

Amr ibn Abd Wid crossesAmr ibn Abd Wid crosses

Ditch between two Mountain elevations Ditch 15 ft wide and 15 ft deep Hero of Quraish, Amr Ibn Abd-Wid Crosses the ditch at

its narrow point Amr bragging, challenges Muslims for a duel Amr’s Challenge Taken by Ali Ali soundly kills Amr, Disbelievers horrified

Ditch encounter IIDitch encounter II

Amr as the hero: had killed 1000 challengers Ali, by Killing Amr the Hero of Quraish had:

Disbelievers severely Demoralized Disbelievers frightened of Muslims

Disbelievers Leave in Disarray, after 3 Weeks of Confrontation

Thus, the Ditch had Prevented an Ugly War

Following the Ditch encounterFollowing the Ditch encounter

Period of Consolidation for Muslims The Da'wa to the Faith zooms ahead The Haj Attempt: Prevented, but with Treaty Hudaibiya Treaty Proves extremely Beneficial to Muslims

4. Economic factor

Components of PlanningComponents of PlanningAccording to Akram Al-AttarAccording to Akram Al-Attar

2. Political factor3. Functional factor1. Social factor

ComponentsComponents

All above factors are to be considered and weighedfor every decision

5. Timing factor

  Highlights of HudaibiyaHighlights of Hudaibiya1.1. Muhammad with 1500 Muslims go to perform Haj (Without arms).Muhammad with 1500 Muslims go to perform Haj (Without arms).2.2. Khalid ibnil Waleed, dispatched by the Meccans, was to foil the Khalid ibnil Waleed, dispatched by the Meccans, was to foil the

Muslims.Muslims.3.3. To avoid confrontation, the Prophet takes a detour route and stays at To avoid confrontation, the Prophet takes a detour route and stays at

Hudaibiya, not too far from Mecca.Hudaibiya, not too far from Mecca.4.4. Uthman is sent to Mecca to convince the disbelievers of the Uthman is sent to Mecca to convince the disbelievers of the

Prophet's peaceful intention.Prophet's peaceful intention.5.5. Uthman is delayed, Muslims take an oath to fight to death if Uthman Uthman is delayed, Muslims take an oath to fight to death if Uthman

was killed by the disbelievers.  This is called Pledge of Radhwan.was killed by the disbelievers.  This is called Pledge of Radhwan.6.6. Because of the Pledge of Radhwan, Quraish is scared of its Because of the Pledge of Radhwan, Quraish is scared of its

consequences, thus it consents.consequences, thus it consents.7.7. Treaty of Hudaibiya is concluded, Ali is the scribe.Treaty of Hudaibiya is concluded, Ali is the scribe.8.8. Some Muslims wrongly think Hudaibiya is more to the advantage of Some Muslims wrongly think Hudaibiya is more to the advantage of

the disbelievers.the disbelievers.9.9. Hudaibiya proves a bonanza to the Muslims.Hudaibiya proves a bonanza to the Muslims.

Treaty of HudaibiyaTreaty of Hudaibiya

Ali was the Scribe Peace between Muslims and Quraish for 10 Years Muslims were not to accept Disbeliever Converts Disbelievers were to Accept Muslim Converts Muslims to have Freehand in Da'wa

Treaty of HudaibiyaTreaty of Hudaibiya

HudaibiyaHudaibiya

(CONFRONTING THE JEWS: (CONFRONTING THE JEWS: KhaybarKhaybar

Muslims 1,500, 7th Yr of Hijrah 3 Weeks Skirmishing Abu Bakr Leads the Muslims but Fails to prevail Omar Leads the Muslims but Fails to prevail Ali is then given Leadership of the Muslims

Khaybar IIKhaybar II

Ali Storms, followed by the forces Ali Lifts Door as shield Ali Kills Marhab, the Jewish Hero Fierce Fighting, Relentless The Main Fortified Castle Surrenders Other Castles (7 more), soon Surrender

The site of KhaybarThe site of Khaybar

The fort of KhaybarThe fort of Khaybar

Site of the door of KhaybarSite of the door of Khaybar

The Spread of IslamThe Spread of Islam Fast Growth

In Medina Outside Medina Faraway areas

Deputations to Heads of State:Persian EmperorByzantine EmperorEgyptian Head of State

  The first OmrahThe first Omrah1.1. Muhammad (pbuh) along with 2,000 Muhammad (pbuh) along with 2,000

Muslims perform Omrah.Muslims perform Omrah.2.2. Meccans watch from the top of the hills with Meccans watch from the top of the hills with

envy.envy.3.3. The Omrah had unsettling psychological The Omrah had unsettling psychological

effect on the disbelievers.effect on the disbelievers.4.4. The Omrah had tremendous psychological The Omrah had tremendous psychological

boost for Muslims.boost for Muslims.5.5. Khalid ibnil Waleed, embraces Islam not too Khalid ibnil Waleed, embraces Islam not too

long after.long after.6.6. Other important Meccan personalities Other important Meccan personalities

embrace Islam soon after, too.embrace Islam soon after, too.

Hudaibiya treaty Hudaibiya treaty led to tremendous led to tremendous advantages for advantages for the Muslims, one the Muslims, one of which was the of which was the performance of performance of Omrah as agreed Omrah as agreed upon.upon.

Conquest of Mecca, 8Conquest of Mecca, 8thth Yr of Hijrah Yr of Hijrah

Meccans Break Treaty with Muslims To the Meccans’ surprise, 10,000 Muslims Surround

Mecca Meccans are petrified Reluctantly Abu Sufyan Becomes Muslim Muslims Conquer Mecca without Blood Shed

Conquest of Mecca IIConquest of Mecca II Muhammad and Ali Break the 360 Idols on top and

around the Ka’ba Bilal Chants the Adhan, Muslims pray in unison Pagan Meccans observe with apprehension Pagan Meccan wonder what would happen to them Pagan Meccans all Forgiven by the Prophet

  Al-Tulaqaa'Al-Tulaqaa'

1.1. Al-Tulaqaa':  People of Mecca who Al-Tulaqaa':  People of Mecca who converted to Islam after Mecca converted to Islam after Mecca was conquered by the Muslims.was conquered by the Muslims.

2.2. Al-Tulaqaa' was a term used to Al-Tulaqaa' was a term used to belittle and denigrate these belittle and denigrate these persons.persons.

3.3. Mu'awiya, for one, often referred Mu'awiya, for one, often referred to himself reprimanding as one of to himself reprimanding as one of the “Tulaqaa''.the “Tulaqaa''.

Mu'awiya was Mu'awiya was the son of Abu the son of Abu Sufyan, the Sufyan, the leader of the leader of the disbelievers to disbelievers to destroy Islam. destroy Islam. Later, Mu'awiya Later, Mu'awiya played an played an adversary role in adversary role in Islamic history.Islamic history.

Old picture of Ka’baOld picture of Ka’ba

HunainHunain

Meccans who just Accepted Islam participate The enemy Attacks Muslims in the Dark Taken by surprise, Muslims Flee Muhammad and Al-Abbas Call Muslims back Muslims Return to the battle engagement Muslims win the battle

Ahlul Bayt: Ahlul Bayt: Surah  33:  Ayah  33.Surah  33:  Ayah  33.

"Verily, Allah has decreed "Verily, Allah has decreed to purify you, O' Ahlul Bayt to purify you, O' Ahlul Bayt and sanctify you in a and sanctify you in a perfect way.perfect way.

(ذ!ه3ب# 3ي ل 9ه( الل (ر3يد( ي 9م#ا 3ن (ذ!ه3ب# إ 3ي ل 9ه( الل (ر3يد( ي 9م#ا 3ن إ#ه!ل# أ ج!س# Eالر (م( #ه!ل# ع#نك أ ج!س# Eالر (م( ع#نك

ا Jط!ه3ير# ت (م! ك (ط#هEر# و#ي !ت3 #ي !ب ا ال Jط!ه3ير# ت (م! ك (ط#هEر# و#ي !ت3 #ي !ب ال

At this period a unique Ayah was revealedAt this period a unique Ayah was revealed::

MubaahalaMubaahala

Christian Delegation Comes from Near Yemen to Medina: A journey of bout 1,100 Miles

Aim was a dialogue with Muhammad Wanted to discuss religion and authenticity of

Muhammad’s Call Quranic revelation to challenge the Christians

Revelation says:  Revelation says:  Surah  3:  Ayah  Surah  3:  Ayah 

61.61. "THEN SAY: LET US CALL "THEN SAY: LET US CALL

UPON OUR CHILDREN UPON OUR CHILDREN ANDAND

YOUR CHILDREN, OUR YOUR CHILDREN, OUR LADIES AND YOUR LADIES AND YOUR

LADIES,LADIES,OURSELVES AND OURSELVES AND

YOURSELVES,YOURSELVES,THEN WE PRAY SO THATTHEN WE PRAY SO THATALLAH'S WRATH WILL BE ALLAH'S WRATH WILL BE UPON THOSE WHO TELL UPON THOSE WHO TELL

UNTRUTH"UNTRUTH"

#ع!د3    ب م3ن ف3يه3 ح#آج9ك# #ع!د3 ف#م#ن! ب م3ن ف3يه3 ح#آج9ك# ف#م#ن! 3 !م !ع3ل ال م3ن# ج#اءك# 3 م#ا !م !ع3ل ال م3ن# ج#اءك# م#ا

#ا #اءن !ن #ب أ #د!ع( ن ! #و!ا #ع#ال ت #ا ف#ق(ل! #اءن !ن #ب أ #د!ع( ن ! #و!ا #ع#ال ت ف#ق(ل!#ا اءن 3س# و#ن (م! #اءك !ن #ب #ا و#أ اءن 3س# و#ن (م! #اءك !ن #ب و#أ#ا ن #نف(س# و#أ (م! اءك 3س# #ا و#ن ن #نف(س# و#أ (م! اءك 3س# و#ن

(م! ك #نف(س# (م!وأ ك #نف(س# وأ

_ه3 الل #ة( 9ع!ن ل #ج!ع#ل ف#ن #ه3ل! !ت #ب ن (م9 _ه3 ث الل #ة( 9ع!ن ل #ج!ع#ل ف#ن #ه3ل! !ت #ب ن (م9 ث3ين #اذ3ب !ك ال 3ين ع#ل#ى #اذ3ب !ك ال ع#ل#ى

Mubaahala IIMubaahala II

Challenging Du'aa to invoke Damnation on the Liar For the Challenge, Prophet Involved:For the Challenge, Prophet Involved:

Fatima, (his daughter) Ali, (Second in importance to him) Al-Hasan and Al-Husain (his grandchildren)

Christians became Scared, they decline and retreat from challenge. They Agreed to pay Tribute

Farewell HajFarewell Haj

100,000 Muslim Participants Details of Haj Given Farewell Sermon They leave until Ghadeer Khum

HajHaj

Multitude Multitude participated at the participated at the Farewell HajFarewell Haj

For Centuries For Centuries afterwards 50,000 afterwards 50,000 or more perform or more perform the Hajthe Haj

Nowadays, 2-3 Nowadays, 2-3 Million perform the Million perform the HajHaj

People hail from all People hail from all over the worldover the world

Ghadeer KhumGhadeer KhumMid-way between Mecca and Medina: Stop at Ghadeer Khum Mid-way between Mecca and Medina: Stop at Ghadeer Khum Having received Ayah to Declare: Having received Ayah to Declare: 3ليك إ (نزل أ ما 3ليك بلغ إ (نزل أ ما بلغ– Prophet announces to the massive crowd that:Prophet announces to the massive crowd that:– Ali is Appointed as the Wali (in charge of the Ummah) after the ProphetAli is Appointed as the Wali (in charge of the Ummah) after the Prophet

Gives a speech, part of which is:Gives a speech, part of which is:

وااله من وال اللهم مواله sعلي فهذا مواله كنت وااله من من وال اللهم مواله sعلي فهذا مواله كنت منوأدر خذله من واخذ نصره من وانصر عاده من وأدر وعاد خذله من واخذ نصره من وانصر عاده من وعاد

دار حيثما معه دار الحق حيثما معه الحقWhen done, Ayah of Fulfillment was revealed, Allah said in Surah  5:  When done, Ayah of Fulfillment was revealed, Allah said in Surah  5:  Ayah 3. Ayah 3. 

3ع!م#ت3ي ن (م! !ك #ي ع#ل !م#م!ت( ت# و#أ (م! #ك د3ين (م! #ك ل !م#ل!ت( ك

# أ #و!م# !ي 3ع!م#ت3ي ال ن (م! !ك #ي ع#ل !م#م!ت( ت# و#أ (م! #ك د3ين (م! #ك ل !م#ل!ت( ك

# أ #و!م# !ي الJا د3ين #م# ال 3س! اإل (م( #ك ل ض3يت( Jا و#ر# د3ين #م# ال 3س! اإل (م( #ك ل ض3يت( و#ر#

Ghadeer KhumGhadeer Khum

Having finished the Farewell HajAli’s station being specified by the ProphetAt Ghadeer Khum: A major highway intersection between Mecca and Medina

People are gathered, being called backThe Prophet addresses the massive crowd

Location of Ghadeer KhumLocation of Ghadeer Khum

Ghadeer KhumGhadeer Khum

Mid-way between Mecca and Medina: They stop at Mid-way between Mecca and Medina: They stop at Ghadeer Khum. The Prophet had received a Revelation. Ghadeer Khum. The Prophet had received a Revelation. Having received Ayah 67 of Surah5 saying:Having received Ayah 67 of Surah5 saying:

9م! ل 3ن و#إ Eك# ب ر9 م3ن !ك# #ي 3ل إ (نز3ل# أ م#ا Eغ! #ل ب ول( س( الر9 �ه#ا ي# أ #ا 9م! ي ل 3ن و#إ Eك# ب ر9 م3ن !ك# #ي 3ل إ (نز3ل# أ م#ا Eغ! #ل ب ول( س( الر9 �ه#ا ي# أ #ا ي

9اس3 الن م3ن# #ع!ص3م(ك# ي _ه( و#الل #ه( #ت ال ر3س# 9غ!ت# #ل ب ف#م#ا #ف!ع#ل! 9اس3 ت الن م3ن# #ع!ص3م(ك# ي _ه( و#الل #ه( #ت ال ر3س# 9غ!ت# #ل ب ف#م#ا #ف!ع#ل! ت#اف3ر3ين# !ك ال !ق#و!م# ال #ه!د3ي ي # ال _ه# الل 3ن9 #اف3ر3ين# إ !ك ال !ق#و!م# ال #ه!د3ي ي # ال _ه# الل 3ن9 إ

O' Messenger! Declare what has been sent to you, And if O' Messenger! Declare what has been sent to you, And if you don't, Then you have not declared Allah's message [in you don't, Then you have not declared Allah's message [in full], And Allah will safeguard you from [injury by] people"full], And Allah will safeguard you from [injury by] people"

Ghadeer KhumGhadeer Khum

Following the Haj, the Prophet and multitude of others Following the Haj, the Prophet and multitude of others were on their way home, including Abu Bakr and Omar.were on their way home, including Abu Bakr and Omar. Juhfa was an intersection between Mecca and MedinaJuhfa was an intersection between Mecca and MedinaNear Juhfa, at an oasis called Ghadeer Khum, the Near Juhfa, at an oasis called Ghadeer Khum, the Prophet delivered a speechProphet delivered a speechThe Prophet stood on an elevation to be seen by the The Prophet stood on an elevation to be seen by the massive crowdmassive crowdHe took Ali with him and raised his and Ali’s arms upHe took Ali with him and raised his and Ali’s arms upHe gave a long speech, the highlight was:He gave a long speech, the highlight was:Ali is Appointed as Ali is Appointed as the Walithe Wali (in charge of the Ummah) (in charge of the Ummah) after the Prophetafter the Prophet

The Prophet’s Speech at Ghadeer The Prophet’s Speech at Ghadeer KhumKhum

وااله من وال اللهم مواله sعلي فهذا مواله كنت وااله من من وال اللهم مواله sعلي فهذا مواله كنت منوأدر خذله من واخذل نصره من وانصر عاده من وأدر وعاد خذله من واخذل نصره من وانصر عاده من وعاد

دار حيثما معه دار الحق حيثما معه الحق

O' people, whosoever I am his leader, So is O' people, whosoever I am his leader, So is Ali to be his leaderAli to be his leader

O' lord, uphold him who upholds Ali, And antagonize O' lord, uphold him who upholds Ali, And antagonize him who antagonizes Ali, And support him who him who antagonizes Ali, And support him who supports Ali, And impede him who impedes Ali, supports Ali, And impede him who impedes Ali, And let the truth be with Ali wherever he goesAnd let the truth be with Ali wherever he goes

After the Speech in Ghadeer After the Speech in Ghadeer KhumKhum

  Omar came forward congratulating Ali:Omar came forward congratulating Ali:

     مؤمن� (ل_ ك ومولى موالي# #حت# أصب علي، يا لك# بخ�   بخ� مؤمن� (ل_ ك ومولى موالي# #حت# أصب علي، يا لك# بخ� بخ�ومؤمنهومؤمنه

Congratulations, congratulations, O' Ali! You Congratulations, congratulations, O' Ali! You have become my leader And the leader of have become my leader And the leader of every believer, man or woman.every believer, man or woman.

Abu Bakr did likewiseAbu Bakr did likewiseThe multitude of others came to congratulate The multitude of others came to congratulate Ali before heading homeAli before heading home

Ghadeer KhumGhadeer Khum

When done, Ayah of Fulfillment was When done, Ayah of Fulfillment was revealed, Allah said in Surah  5:  Ayah revealed, Allah said in Surah  5:  Ayah

3. 3. 

3ع!م#ت3ي ن (م! !ك #ي ع#ل !م#م!ت( ت# و#أ (م! #ك د3ين (م! #ك ل !م#ل!ت( ك

# أ #و!م# !ي 3ع!م#ت3ي ال ن (م! !ك #ي ع#ل !م#م!ت( ت# و#أ (م! #ك د3ين (م! #ك ل !م#ل!ت( ك

# أ #و!م# !ي ال

Jا د3ين #م# ال 3س! اإل (م( #ك ل ض3يت( Jا و#ر# د3ين #م# ال 3س! اإل (م( #ك ل ض3يت( و#ر#This day, I have perfected to you your faith, This day, I have perfected to you your faith, And completed my blessings upon you, And And completed my blessings upon you, And

I have chosen for you Al‑Islam as Your I have chosen for you Al‑Islam as Your religionreligion

Ghadeer Khum NowadaysGhadeer Khum Nowadays

Dispersing from Ghadeer Dispersing from Ghadeer KhumKhum

Fast Moving Events in MedinaFast Moving Events in Medina

 

1. Muhammad establishes basis for stability: Effecting Brotherhood

4. Khaybar, then letters to the Roman and Persian emperors and others

Th

e P

rop

het

in M

edin

a

6. Farewell Haj: followed by Ghadeer Khum appointing Ali

3. Hudaibiya Treaty with Quraish: Islam spreads fast

2. Against Quraish: Battles of Badr, then Ohod, then the Ditch

5. Conquering Mecca without blood shed: disbelievers forgiven

DeathDeath

Prophet’s Sickness: for about 2 weeks Matters During Sickness: Prophet wanted to give a will,

but was prevented Prophet Dies: The Ummah is in Shock Preparation of the Body by Ali for burial Salat Al-Mayyet then Internment

Al-Masjid Al-NabawiAl-Masjid Al-Nabawi

Finally Let us Read Surah al-Asr TogetherFinally Let us Read Surah al-Asr Together

In the name of God: Lord of Mercy and Lord of Grace

By the Eons of Time, 3ع#ص!ر! و#ال

Verily Man is in loss, except: ر� خ(س! #ف3ي ل ان# !س# 3ن اإل! 3ن9 إ

those who believe and do good, and enjoin one another to truth and enjoin one another to patience.

3ح#ات3 الص9ال (وا و#ع#م3ل (وا آم#ن 9ذ3ين# ال 3ال9 إ!ر3 3الص9ب ب #و#اص#و!ا و#ت Eح#ق! 3ال ب #و#اص#و!ا و#ت

Be in Allah’s CareBe in Allah’s Care

Thank you and May God Bless you.Thank you and May God Bless you.

Dr. A.S. HashimDr. A.S. Hashim