PROTOTYPE OF HYPERLOOP TRANSPORT SYSTEM · 2016), discussed the design of a hyperloop capsule with linear induction propulsion system which is used to accelerate and decelerate the

PROTOTYPE OF HYPERLOOP TRANSPORT SYSTEM

MANTHAN K. GOUNDADKAR, SHUBHAM S. PATIL, NITIN P. JAID,

SHRENIK S.PATIL

Department of Mechanical Engineering, MITAOE, Alandi, India.

Mr. MURTUZA S.D, Department of Mechanical Engineering, MITAOE, Alandi,

India.

Abstract - Current transport (rail, road, water, air) are either slow, expensive, or both. Hyperloop is both

fast and cheap. It is being developed as an open source project. Hyperloop is the concept for very high

speed, fixed-guideway, surface transport. Hyperloop is a new way of transportation that tries to change

this pattern both for people and goods in both fast and inexpensive ways. Hyperloop is also unique in that

it is an open design concept like Linux. The response is desired from the community that can help in

furthering the hyperloop design and bring it into reality from concept. Hyperloop consists of a low-

pressure tube, which contains capsules which take both low and high speeds during the length of the tube.

Capsules are supported on a cushion of air, with pressure air and aerodynamic lift. The capsules are

accelerated through a magnetic linear accelerator pasted on different stations on the low-pressure tube

with the rotors contained in each capsule.

Keywords-Hyperloop, Propels, Vacuum Tube, Capsule, Linux, Open Source, Cushion of Air, Fixed

guided way.

INTRODUCTION -

Hyperloop is a new mode of fast transport.

Hyperloop has been first proposed by Elon

Musk and the team of engineers of Tesla Motors

and Space Exploration Technologies

Corporation in August 2013. In the concept of

hyperloop, people who travel from one place to

another in the capsule have been included,

which is running at very fast speed. We can also

call hyperloop as a solar powered transport

system and it is an option of high-speed train.

Originally hyperloop is a magnetically engraved

train that runs inside a long tube or pipe. There

is a low-pressure tube with capsule which is

taken both at low and high speed. It is operated

by linear induction motor and compressor. It

includes 28 passengers.

JASC: Journal of Applied Science and Computations

Volume VI, Issue V, May/2019

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PROBLEM STATEMENT -

Design and Fabrication of the PROTOTYPE of

HYPERLOOP TRANSPORT SYSTEM with

the easily and readily available components with

minimum possible cost.

OBJECTIVE -

Our objective was to create a small prototype

model of hyperloop system which will represent

the basic two principle of the hyperloop system,

magnetic levitation and low- pressure vacuum

travel, not to create any product for commercial

purpose, just a representative prototype model.

We wanted to create this at very basic level so

any non- technical person can also easily

understand the basic functioning of it. It can be

kept in primary schools in remote areas where

the budget is not very much, it’s a low -cost

investment andstudents will be able to

understand future technology.

LITERATURE SURVEY-

Ahmed Hodaib, Samar F. Abdel Fattah (May

2016), discussed the design of a hyperloop

capsule with linear induction propulsion system

which is used to accelerate and decelerate the

capsule. They studied that like rotary

synchronous motors; linear motors run on 3-

phase power and can support very high speeds.

However, there are end effects that reduce the

motor's thrust force. Linear induction motors are

thus less energy efficient than normal rotary

motors for any required force output. They also

discussed about the manufacturing of linear

induction motor in this paper.

Jeffrey C. Chin, Justin S. Gray, Scott M. Jones,

Jeffrey J. Berton, they discussed about the Open-

Source Conceptual Sizing Models for the

Hyperloop Passenger Pod in this paper. They

concluded that the refined analysis illuminates

several interdisciplinary couplings that alter two

major aspects of the initial concept. First, the

pod travel speed and the tube cross sectional

area are linked, forcing the tube size to be to be

roughly twice the diameter of the original

specification, in order for the pod to reach Mach

0.8. Second, the steady-state tube temperature is

dominatedby ambient thermal interactions

unrelated to the heat generated by the pod

compression system.

Mark Sakowski (2016) discussed the current

maglev technology along with the theoretical

evacuated tube technology and they concluded

that the Hyperloop is feasible and if properly

designed, has the potential to be much more

efficient in terms of energy usage of pods

traversing down the tube.

N. Kayela, (2014) investigated that the

Hyperloop is a fifth mode of transportation

alongside trains, planes, automobiles and boats.

He discussed about the railway track for the

hyperloop, stations for the hyperloop. Also,

discussed about the two version of capsule that

is one is passenger only version and another is

passenger plus vehicle version.

Mohammed Imran (2016) He focused his study

element on the hyperloop technology (the



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passenger transport system). He discussed about

the two version of hyperloop in that one is

passenger only version and another is passenger

plus vehicle version. Hyperloop System.

ACTUAL SYSTEM’S IMPORTANT

COMPONENTS -

• Low Pressure Metal Tube

• Passenger carrying Capsule

• Electromagnetic Launch System

• Axial Compressor

• Suspension System

• Induction Motor

• Supporting pillars

• Solar panel

CATIA DESIGN REPRESENTATION OF PROTOTYPE MODEL-

This is just to simplify that what our

prototype model should include. From this

our system can be divided into three major

parts as follows-

1.Base mechanical assembly–

to support and stable the whole system

2.Closed Tube–

To maintain vacuum travel and act as guided

pathway for the internal travelling unit.

3.Pod–

Which will travel inside and represent the

passenger carrying capsule.



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SYSTEM DESIGN-

Mainly concerns with the various

physicalconstraints and ergonomics such as:

1. Space requirements

2. Arrangement of various components on

the mainframe of machine

3. Number of controls position of these

controls

4. Ease of maintenance

5. Scope of further improvement

6. Height of m/c from ground and cost

MARKET RESEACH AND

IDENTIFICATION FOR OUR

PROTOTYPE SYSTEM

COMPONENTS -

The components are categorized in two

parts.

• Design parts

• Parts to be purchased.

For design parts detail design is done

anddimensions thus obtained are compared

to next highestdimension which are readily

available in market.

The parts are to be purchased directly are

specified &selected from standard

catalogues.

• BLDC Motor

• Battery

• Hollow tube / Pipe

• Vacuum Cleaner

• Magnetic Strips / Track

• Control System

• Mechanical Assembly

• Cello tapes

PVC PIPE -

We decided to use poly vinyl chloride i.e.

PVC pipe for representing the alloy steel

closed tubes used in actual hyperloop

system. This is because f its ease of

availability and its flexibility. Two end caps

are also used to make it closed structure,

also it can be open and pod can be easily

inserted in it. And its strength was also

sufficiently good for our application. Its

weight is also very less so making our

system light weight.

SPECIFICATIONS

-Thickness: 104mm

-Diameter: 4 inches

-length: Around 1M cut out



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It can be directly purchased, so it saved lot

of our time on design and manufacturing of

closed tube. And to resolve the visibility of

travelling of pod for operation examining

wo come with a simple solution taking cut

outs of upper parts and covering it with and

transparent material.

VACUUM –

For creating low pressure vacuumand air

drag to propel the pad in actual system high

pressure compressor is used, which was

absolutely impossible for us to purchase and

implement in our prototype model, so to

replicate this function at very small scale

and very les power consumptions we

decided to use portable vacuum cleaner for

prototype model. S after seeing various

vacuum cleaners we found standard car

vacuum cleaner was most suitable and size

perfect according to the pipe size and

strength for our system.

Specifications:

Type Car Vacuum Cleaner

Dimensions: W x H x D 0.7 x 2.5 x 1 cm

Net Weight 0.7 kg

Power- 12V DC current

MOTOR-

Linear induction motor in actual system, we

substituted with BLDC motor. The details of

motor that we have selected for our

application are as follows

-Brushless Motor

-A2212/10T 1400 KV BLDC.

-Brand:Mat Logix

-Item Weight: 59 g

BLDC Motor can operate with the DC

current so as with A battery, so our

system becomes portable. And the motor

used is sufficiently powerful to serve its

purpose.

Mounted this motor on our Pod assembly

due to its small and compact size. In this

way it was best available and practically

possible option for our project.

BATTERY -

As power is the most important factor for

Make our prototype real and function, and as

we have selected all our components based

on DC current, we needed the sufficiently

Powerful battery in order to run vacuum

equipment, Motor and electronic control



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system. So, we found standard2-wheeler

battery best for our application.

Specifications of battery are as follows

Brand- date

Voltage- 12V

Current- 7.2 A

From this battery both vacuum and motor

can be powered simultaneously as per the

requirement.

ELECTRONIC CONTROL

SYSTEM -

HC-05 Bluetooth Module

Interfacing with Arduino UNO

This system is to control the pod travel by

controlling motor. It was must to make our

system portable, compact and smart.So, we

connected motor with Arduino board and

used HC-05 Bluetooth module for operating

the system externally and wirelessly HC-05

is a Bluetooth device used for wireless

communication with Bluetooth enabled

devices (like smartphone). It

communicates with microcontrollers

using serial communication (USART).

Default settings of HC-05 Bluetooth

module can be changed using certain

AT commands.

As HC-05 Bluetooth module has 3.3 V

level for RX/TX and microcontroller can

detect 3.3 V level, so, there is no need to

shift TX voltage level of HC-05 module.

But we need to shift the transmit

voltage level from microcontroller to RX

of HC-05 module. Simple logical code is

there for motor synchronization and on-

off control.

MECHANICAL ASSEMBLY -

This is required for providing support to our

structure, this is simple steel frame joined by

co2 spot welding. The thin curved supports

are mounted to hold the pipe.

MAGNETIC STRIPS -

Of course, this is to replicate the

electromagnetic trac used in actual system.

But we have used permeant magnetic strips

dueto all limitations considered. Magnetic

strips which are a flexible extrusion of

Barium Ferrite, available in both plain and

adhesive backed forms. The 'soft' nature of



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the material helps to prevent slippage on

vertical surfaces. They are ideal for

numerous applications including door

closures and the retention of signs and

placards., The material can be cut and

drilled, and the plain form may be easily

secured using adhesive.

Thickness-3.6mm

Pull force -65 kg

Material – Strontium Ferrite

Flexibility is important as the shape of pipe

is curved so in order to mount this inside

pipe.

POD ASSEMBLY -

Here we have used a plastic base of old toy

car for mounting our whole moving system

1. Arduino board 4. Bluetooth hardware

2. BLDC Motor

5. Magnetic strips at bottom

3. Wiring and connections

In this way the whole system is designed

and created.

WORKING OF PROTOTYPE

MODEL-

While running the system all the electronics

connections are made with the battery. As

we are using Bluetooth control, the app for

Bluetooth control is installed in phone, after

synchronizing it is connected with system

hardware and motor starts running vacuum

is continuously working as power supplied

by the battery. Here vacuum is mounted on

opposite side of the pod. As motor starts

blades starts to rotate and exert thrust on one

side to obtain torque and due to the

combined effect of magnetic levitation,

guided pipe, motor torque and vacuum force

pod travels to the opposite end of tube.



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ADVANTAGES-

Cheapest replacement of actual

hyperloop system components in this

working protype.

Wireless smart control

All easily available components

DISADVANTAGES: -

Its s just a prototype model, not a

product

Levitation is not that good

Unable to avoid friction

FUTURE SCOPE: -

Including revere direction feature

Speed increase

More automation

More attractive looks

REFERENCES: -

[1] Chin, Jeffrey C.; Gray, Justin S.; Jones,

Scott M.; Breton, Jeffrey J. (January 2015).

Open-Source Conceptual Sizing Models for

the Hyperloop Passenger Pod (PDF). 56th

AIAA/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures,

Structural Dynamics, and Materials

Conference. January 5–9, 2015. Kissimmee,

Florida. doi:10.2514/6.2015-1587.

[2] Ahmed Hodaib, Samar, et al,

international journal of mechanical,

aerospace, industrial, mechatronics and

manufacturing engineering Vol:10 No:5,

(May 2016)

[3] Paper by Mark Sakowski, “The Next

Contender in High Speed Transport Elon

Musks Hyperloop”, 2016

[4] N. Kayela, editor of scientific and

technical department, “Hyperloop: A Fifth

Mode of Transportation”, 2014

[5] Mohammed Imran, international journal

of engineering research, 2016

[6] Musk, Elon (August 12, 2013).

"Hyperloop Alpha"(PDF). SpaceX.

Retrieved August 13, 2013.



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PROTOTYPE OF HYPERLOOP TRANSPORT SYSTEM · 2016), discussed the design of a hyperloop capsule with linear induction propulsion system which is used to accelerate and decelerate the