MEETING ABSTRACT Open Access Proviral load does not discriminate patients with Human T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma (ATLL) from HTLV-1 carriers with a history of Strongyloidiasis Giovanni López 1* , Elsa González 2 , Daniel Clark 3 , Michael Talledo 1 , Carolina Alvarez 1 , Kristien Verdonck 1 , Angélica Terashima 1 , Eduardo Gotuzzo 1 From 15th International Conference on Human Retroviruses: HTLV and Related Viruses Leuven and Gembloux, Belgium. 5-8 June 2011 Background Studies evidences that high proviral loads (PVL) are crucial for the leukemogenesis in the development of ATLL. PVL seems to be stable for years in each indivi- dual, but varies substantially among subjects. Previous reports suggest that co-infection of HTLV-1 carriers with S. stercoralis may shorten ATLL onset, thus gen- erating a hypothetical “ intermediate state ” . We explored this hypothesis by comparing the PVL of ATLL patients and HTLV-1/Strongyloides co-infected individuals. Methods We determined PVL in three groups: (1) HTLV-1 asymptomatic carriers without a history of Strongyloi- diasis [AC] (n=8); (2) virus carriers with previous epi- sodes of Strongyloidiasis [SS] (n=8); and (3) patients with ATLL [AT] (n=8). History of Strongyloidiasis was defined by the patient’s report and a positive result with a ELISA. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated to measure PVL by Sybr-Green quantita- tive PCR. PVL was expressed as HTLV-1 tax copy num- ber/10 4 PBMC. Non-parametric tests were used for the statistical analysis. Results The PVL in AT was significantly higher than that in AC [7375±4492SD vs.1698±106SD][p=0.01]. PVL was also higher in SS than in AC [4746±1712SD vs.1698±106SD] [p=0.002]. Interestingly, no differences were found between AT and SS [7375±4492SD vs.4746± 1712SD] [p=0.16]. Conclusion Our results support the hypothesis that HTLV-1/S. stercoralis co-infected subjects are at higher risk of develop- ing ATLL as they seem to share with ATLL patients impaired immunological mechanisms to control virus propagation. Further studies are needed to fully charac- terize the co-infected condition. Author details 1 Instituto de Medicina Tropical “Alexander von Humboldt”, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, 31, Perú. 2 Facultad de Medicina Alberto Hurtado, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, 31, Perú. 3 Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo (LID), Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, 31, Perú. Published: 6 June 2011 doi:10.1186/1742-4690-8-S1-A253 Cite this article as: López et al.: Proviral load does not discriminate patients with Human T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma (ATLL) from HTLV-1 carriers with a history of Strongyloidiasis. Retrovirology 2011 8(Suppl 1): A253. * Correspondence: [email protected] 1 Instituto de Medicina Tropical “Alexander von Humboldt”, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, 31, Perú Full list of author information is available at the end of the article López et al. Retrovirology 2011, 8(Suppl 1):A253 http://www.retrovirology.com/content/8/S1/A253 © 2011 López et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Proviral load does not discriminate patients with Human T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma (ATLL) from HTLV-1 carriers with a history of Strongyloidiasis

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Page 1: Proviral load does not discriminate patients with Human T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma (ATLL) from HTLV-1 carriers with a history of Strongyloidiasis

MEETING ABSTRACT Open Access

Proviral load does not discriminate patients withHuman T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma (ATLL) fromHTLV-1 carriers with a history of StrongyloidiasisGiovanni López1*, Elsa González2, Daniel Clark3, Michael Talledo1, Carolina Alvarez1, Kristien Verdonck1,Angélica Terashima1, Eduardo Gotuzzo1

From 15th International Conference on Human Retroviruses: HTLV and Related VirusesLeuven and Gembloux, Belgium. 5-8 June 2011

BackgroundStudies evidences that high proviral loads (PVL) arecrucial for the leukemogenesis in the development ofATLL. PVL seems to be stable for years in each indivi-dual, but varies substantially among subjects. Previousreports suggest that co-infection of HTLV-1 carrierswith S. stercoralis may shorten ATLL onset, thus gen-erating a hypothetical “intermediate state”. Weexplored this hypothesis by comparing the PVL ofATLL patients and HTLV-1/Strongyloides co-infectedindividuals.

MethodsWe determined PVL in three groups: (1) HTLV-1asymptomatic carriers without a history of Strongyloi-diasis [AC] (n=8); (2) virus carriers with previous epi-sodes of Strongyloidiasis [SS] (n=8); and (3) patientswith ATLL [AT] (n=8). History of Strongyloidiasis wasdefined by the patient’s report and a positive result witha ELISA. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC)were isolated to measure PVL by Sybr-Green quantita-tive PCR. PVL was expressed as HTLV-1 tax copy num-ber/104 PBMC. Non-parametric tests were used for thestatistical analysis.

ResultsThe PVL in AT was significantly higher than that in AC[7375±4492SD vs.1698±106SD][p=0.01]. PVL was alsohigher in SS than in AC [4746±1712SD vs.1698±106SD]

[p=0.002]. Interestingly, no differences were foundbetween AT and SS [7375±4492SD vs.4746± 1712SD][p=0.16].

ConclusionOur results support the hypothesis that HTLV-1/S. ster-coralis co-infected subjects are at higher risk of develop-ing ATLL as they seem to share with ATLL patientsimpaired immunological mechanisms to control viruspropagation. Further studies are needed to fully charac-terize the co-infected condition.

Author details1Instituto de Medicina Tropical “Alexander von Humboldt”, UniversidadPeruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, 31, Perú. 2Facultad de Medicina AlbertoHurtado, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, 31, Perú.3Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo (LID), Facultad de Ciencias yFilosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, 31, Perú.

Published: 6 June 2011

doi:10.1186/1742-4690-8-S1-A253Cite this article as: López et al.: Proviral load does not discriminatepatients with Human T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma (ATLL) from HTLV-1carriers with a history of Strongyloidiasis. Retrovirology 2011 8(Suppl 1):A253.

* Correspondence: [email protected] de Medicina Tropical “Alexander von Humboldt”, UniversidadPeruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, 31, PerúFull list of author information is available at the end of the article

López et al. Retrovirology 2011, 8(Suppl 1):A253http://www.retrovirology.com/content/8/S1/A253

© 2011 López et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative CommonsAttribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction inany medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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