PSA 800.pdf

8/13/2019 PSA 800.pdf

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Philippine Standard on Auditing 800

THE AUDITOR’S REPORT ON SPECIAL PURPOSEAUDIT ENGAGEMENTS

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PHILIPPINE STANDARD ON AUDITING 800THE AUDITOR’S REPORT ON SPECIAL PURPOSE

AUDIT ENGAGEMENTS

CONTENTS

Paragraphs

Introduction 1-2

General Considerations 3-8

Reports on Financial Statements Prepared in Accordancewith a Comprehensive Basis of Accounting other thanGenerally Accepted Accounting Principles in thePhilippines 9-11

Reports on a Component of Financial Statements 12-17

Reports on Compliance with Contractual Agreements 18-20

Reports on Summarized Financial Statements 21-25

Effective Date 26

Acknowledgment 27-28

Appendix 1: Examples of Reports on Financial StatementsPrepared in Accordance with a ComprehensiveBasis of Accounting other than Generally AcceptedAccounting Principles in the Philippines

Appendix 2: Examples of Reports on Components ofFinancial Statements

Appendix 3: Examples of Reports on Compliance

Appendix 4: Examples of Reports on SummarizedFinancial Statements

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Philippine Standards on Auditing (PSAs) are to be applied in the audit of financial statements.PSAs are also to be applied, adapted as necessary, to the audit of other information and torelated services.

PSAs contain the basic principles and essential procedures (identified in bold type blacklettering) together with related guidance in the form of explanatory and other material. The

basic principles and essential procedures are to be interpreted in the context of the explanatoryand other material that provide guidance for their application.

To understand and apply the basic principles and essential procedures together with the relatedguidance, it is necessary to consider the whole text of the PSA including explanatory and othermaterial contained in the PSA not just that text which is black lettered.

In exceptional circumstances, an auditor may judge it necessary to depart from a PSA in orderto more effectively achieve the objective of an audit. When such a situation arises, the auditorshould be prepared to justify the departure.

PSAs need only be applied to material matters.

The PSAs issued by the Auditing Standards and Practices Council (Council) are based onInternational Standards on Auditing (ISAs) issued by the International Auditing PracticesCommittee of the International Federation of Accountants.

The ISAs on which the PSAs are based are generally applicable to the public sector, includinggovernment business enterprises. However, the applicability of the equivalent PSAs onPhilippine public sector entities has not been addressed by the Council. It is the understandingof the Council that this matter will be addressed by the Commission on Audit itself in duecourse. Accordingly, the Public Sector Perspective set out at the end of an ISA has not beenadopted into the PSAs.

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Introduction

1. The purpose of this Philippine Standard on Auditing (PSA) is to establishstandards and provide guidance in connection with special purpose auditengagements including:

• Financial statements prepared in accordance with a comprehensive basis ofaccounting other than generally accepted accounting principles in thePhilippines;

• Specified accounts, elements of accounts, or items in a financial statement(hereafter referred to as reports on a component of financial statements);

• Compliance with contractual agreements; and

• Summarized financial statements.

This PSA does not apply to review, agreed-upon procedures or compilationengagements.

2. The auditor should review and assess the conclusions drawn from the auditevidence obtained during the special purpose audit engagement as the basisfor an expression of opinion. The report should contain a clear writtenexpression of opinion.

General Considerations

3. The nature, timing and extent of work to be performed in a special purpose auditengagement will vary with the circumstances. Before undertaking a specialpurpose audit engagement, the auditor should ensure there is agreement withthe client as to the exact nature of the engagement and the form and contentof the report to be issued.

4. In planning the audit work, the auditor will need a clear understanding of the purpose for which the information being reported on is to be used, and who islikely to use it. To avoid the possibility of the auditor’s report being used for

purposes for which it was not intended, the auditor may wish to indicate in thereport the purpose for which the report is prepared and any restrictions on itsdistribution and use.

5. The auditor ’s report on a special purpose audit engagement, except for areport on summarized financial statements, should include the following

basic elements, ordinarily in the following layout:

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(a) title 1 ;

(b) addressee;

(c) opening or introductory paragraph

(i) identification of the financial information audited; and

(ii) a statement of the responsibility of the entity ’s management andthe responsibility of the auditor;

(d) a scope paragraph (describing the nature of an audit)

(i) the reference to the PSAs applicable to special purpose auditengagements; and

(ii) a description of the work the auditor performed;

(e) opinion paragraph containing an expression of opinion on thefinancial information;

(f) date of the report;

(g) auditor ’s address; and

(h) auditor ’s signature.

A measure of uniformity in the form and content of the auditor’s report isdesirable because it helps to promote the reader’s understanding.

6. In the case of financial information to be supplied by an entity to governmentauthorities, trustees, insurers and other entities there may be a prescribed formatfor the auditor’s report. Such prescribed reports may not conform to therequirements of this PSA. For example, the prescribed report may require acertification of fact when an expression of opinion is appropriate, may require anopinion on matters outside the scope of the audit or may omit essential wording.

1 It may be appropriate to use the term “Independent Auditor” in th e title to distinguish the auditor’s report from reports that might beissued by others, such as officers of the entity, or from the reports of other auditors who may not have to abide by the same ethical

requirements as the independent auditor.

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When requested to report in a prescribed format, the auditor shouldconsider the substance and wording of the prescribed report and, whennecessary, should make appropriate changes to conform to the requirementsof this PSA, either by rewording the form or by attaching a separate report.

7. When the information on which the auditor has been requested to report is basedon the provisions of an agreement, the auditor needs to consider whether anysignificant interpretations of the agreement have been made by management in

preparing the information. An interpretation is significant when adoption ofanother reasonable interpretation would have produced a material difference in thefinancial information.

8. The auditor should consider whether any significant interpretations of anagreement on which the financial information is based are clearly disclosedin the financial information. The auditor may wish to make reference in theauditor’s report on the special purpose audit engagement to the note within thefinancial information that describe such interpretations.

Reports on Financial Statements Prepared in Accordance with a ComprehensiveBasis of Accounting other than Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in thePhilippines

9. A comprehensive basis of accounting comprises a set of criteria used in preparingfinancial statements which applies to all material items and which has substantialsupport. Financial statements may be prepared for a special purpose inaccordance with a comprehensive basis of accounting other than generallyaccepted accounting principles in the Philippines (referred to herein as an “othercomprehensive basis of accounting”). A conglomeration of accountingconventions devised to suit individual preference is not a comprehensive basis of

accounting. Other comprehensive financial reporting frameworks may include:

• That used by an entity to prepare its income tax return.

• The cash receipts and disbursements basis of accounting.

• The financial reporting provisions of a government regulatory agency.

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10. The auditor ’s report on financial statements prepared in accordance withanother comprehensive basis of accounting should include a statement thatindicates the basis of accounting used or should refer to the note to thefinancial statements giving that information. The opinion should state

whether the financial statements are prepared, in all material respects, inaccordance with the identified basis of accounting. The term used to expressthe auditor’s opinion is “present fairly, in all material respects.” Appendix 1 tothis PSA gives examples of auditor’s reports on financial statements prepared inaccordance with an other comprehensive basis of accounting.

11. The auditor would consider whether the title of, or a note to, the financialstatements makes it clear to the reader that such statements are not prepared inaccordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the Philippines. Forexample, a tax basis financial statement might be entitled “Statement of Incomeand Expenses—Income Tax Basis.” If the financial statements prepared on another comprehensive basis are not suitably titled or the basis of accounting isnot adequately disclosed, the auditor should issue an appropriately modifiedreport.

Reports on a Component of Financial Statements

12. The auditor may be requested to express an opinion on one or more componentsof financial statements, for example, accounts receivable, inventory, anemployee’s bonus calculation or a provision for income taxes. This type ofengagement may be undertaken as a separate engagement or in conjunction withan audit of the entity’s financial statements. However, this type of engagementdoes not result in a report on the financial statements taken as a whole and,accordingly, the auditor would express an opinion only as to whether thecomponent audited is prepared, in all material respects, in accordance with the

identified basis of accounting.

13. Many financial statement items are interrelated, for example, sales andreceivables, and inventory and payables. Accordingly, when reporting on acomponent of financial statements, the auditor will sometimes be unable toconsider the subject of the audit in isolation and will need to examine certainother financial information. In determining the scope of the engagement, theauditor should consider those financial statement items that are interrelatedand which could materially affect the information on which the audit opinionis to be expressed.

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14. The auditor should consider the concept of materiality in relation to thecomponent of financial statements being reported upon. For example, a

particular account balance provides a smaller base against which to measuremateriality compared with the financial statements taken as a whole.

Consequently, the auditor’s examination will ordinarily be more extensive than ifthe same component were to be audited in connection with a report on the entirefinancial statements.

15. To avoid giving the user the impression that the report relates to the entirefinancial statements, the auditor would advise the client that the auditor’s reporton a component of financial statements is not to accompany the financialstatements of the entity.

16. The auditor ’s report on a component of financial statements should include astatement that indicates the basis of accounting in accordance with which thecomponent is presented or refers to an agreement that specifies the basis.The opinion should state whether the component is prepared, in all materialrespects, in accordance with the identified basis of accounting. Appendix 2 tothis PSA gives examples of audit reports on components of financial statements.

17. When an adverse opinion or disclaimer of opinion on the entire financialstatements has been expressed, the auditor should report on components ofthe financial statements only if those components are not so extensive as toconstitute a major portion of the financial statements. To do otherwise mayovershadow the report on the entire financial statements.

Reports on Compliance with Contractual Agreements

18. The auditor may be requested to report on an entity’s compliance with certain

aspects of contractual agreements, such as bond indentures or loan agreements.Such agreements ordinarily require the entity to comply with a variety ofcovenants involving such matters as payments of interest, maintenance of

predetermined financial ratios, restriction of dividend payments and the use of the proceeds of sales of property.

19. Engagements to express an opinion as to an entity ’s compliance withcontractual agreements should be undertaken only when the overall aspectsof compliance relate to accounting and financial matters within the scope ofthe auditor ’s professional competence. However, when there are particularmatters forming part of the engagement that are outside the auditor’s expertise, theauditor would consider using the work of an expert. (Refer to PSA 401 forguidance on using the work of an expert.)

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20. The report should state whether, in the auditor ’s opinion, the entity hascomplied with the particular provisions of the agreement. Appendix 3 to thisPSA gives examples of auditor’s reports on compliance given in a separate reportand in a report accompanying financial statements.

Reports on Summarized Financial Statements

21. An entity may prepare financial statements summarizing its annual auditedfinancial statements for the purpose of informing user groups interested in thehighlights only of the entity’s financial position and the results of its operations.Unless the auditor has expressed an audit opinion on the financial statementsfrom which the summarized financial statements were derived, the auditorshould not report on summarized financial statements.

22. Summarized financial statements are presented in considerably less detail thanannual audited financial statements. Therefore, such financial statements need toclearly indicate the summarized nature of the information and caution the readerthat, for a better understanding of an entity’s financial position and the results ofits operations, summarized financial statements are to be read in conjunction withthe entity’s most recent audited financial statements which include all disclosuresrequired by the relevant financial reporting framework.

23. Summarized financial statements need to be appropriately titled to identify theaudited financial statements from which they have been derived, for example,“Summarized Financial Information Prepared from the Audited FinancialStatements for the Year Ended December 31, 20X1.”

24. Summarized financial statements do not contain all the information required bythe financial reporting framework used for the annual audited financial statements.

Consequently, wording such as “present fairly, in all material respects,” is notused by the auditor when expressing an opinion on summarized financialstatements.

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25. The auditor ’s report on summarized financial statements should include thefollowing basic elements ordinarily in the following layout:

(a) title 2 ;

(b) addressee;

(c) an identification of the audited financial statements from which thesummarized financial statements were derived;

(d) a reference to the date of the audit report on the unabridged financialstatements and the type of opinion given in that report;

(e) an opinion as to whether the information in the summarized financialstatements is consistent with the audited financial statements fromwhich it was derived. When the auditor has issued a modified opinion

on the unabridged financial statements yet is satisfied with thepresentation of the summarized financial statements, the audit reportshould state that, although consistent with the unabridged financialstatements, the summarized financial statements were derived fromfinancial statements on which a modified audit report was issued;

(f) a statement, or reference to the note within the summarized financialstatements, which indicates that for a better understanding of anentity ’s financial performance and position and of the scope of theaudit performed, the summarized financial statements should be readin conjunction with the unabridged financial statements and the auditreport thereon;

(g) date of the report;

(h) auditor ’s address; and

(i) auditor ’s signature.

Appendix 4 to this PSA gives examples of auditor’s reports on summarizedfinancial statements.

2 See footnote 1.

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Effective Date

26. This standard is effective for special purpose audit engagements for periodsending on or after June 30, 2003. Earlier application is encouraged.

Acknowledgment

27. This PSA, “The Auditor’s Report on Special Purpose Audit Engagements,” is based on International Standard on Auditing (ISA) 800 of the same title issued bythe International Auditing Practices Committee of the International Federation ofAccountants.

28. This PSA differs from ISA 800 mainly with respect to the inclusion of thestatement of changes in equity in the introductory paragraph of Appendix 3 underthe heading “Report Accompanying Financial Statements” and the deletion of thesection on Public Sector Perspective included in ISA 800.

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This Philippine Standard on Auditing 800 was unanimously approved on June 24, 2002 by the members of the Auditing Standards and Practices Council:

Benjamin R. Punongbayan, Chairman Antonio P. Acyatan, Vice Chairman

Felicidad A. Abad David L. Balangue

Eliseo A. Fernandez Nestorio C. Roraldo

Editha O. Tuason Joaquin P. Tolentino

Joycelyn J. Villaflores Carlito B. Dimar

Froilan G. Ampil Erwin Vincent G. Alcala

Horace F. Dumlao Isagani O. Santiago

Eugene T. Mateo Emma M. Espina

Jesus E. G. Martinez

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Appendix 1

Examples of Reports on Financial Statements Prepared in Accordance with aComprehensive Basis of Accounting other than Generally Accepted AccountingPrinciples in the Philippines

A Statement of Cash Receipts and Disbursements

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITOR

We have audited the accompanying statement of ABC Company’s cash receiptsand disbursements for the year ended December 31, 20X1 3. This statement is theresponsibility of ABC Company’s management. Our responsibility is to expressan opinion on the accompanying statement based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with generally accepted auditing standardsin the Philippines. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to

obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statement is free ofmaterial misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidencesupporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statement. An audit alsoincludes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made

by management as well as evaluating the overall statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

The Company’s policy is to prepare the accompanying statement on the cashreceipts and disbursements basis. On this basis, revenue is recognized whenreceived rather than when earned, and expenses are recognized when paid ratherthan when incurred.

In our opinion, the accompanying statement presents fairly, in all materialrespects, the revenue collected and expenses paid by the Company during the yearended December 31, 20X1 in accordance with the cash receipts and disbursements

basis as described in Note X.

AUDITOR

DateAddress

3 Provide suitable identification, such as by reference to page numbers or by identifying the individual statement.

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Appendix 1-2-

Financial Statements Prepared on the Entity’s Income Tax Basis


We have audited the accompanying income tax basis financial statements of ABCCompany for the year ended December 31, 20X1 4. These statements are theresponsibility of ABC Company’s management. Our responsibility is to expressan opinion on the financial statements based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with generally accepted auditing standardsin the Philippines. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit toobtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free ofmaterial misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidencesupporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also

includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, thefinancial position of the Company as of December 31, 20X1, and its revenues andexpenses for the year then ended, in accordance with the basis of accounting usedfor income tax purposes as described in Note X.

AUDITOR

DateAddress

4 See footnote 3.

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Appendix 2

Examples of Reports on Components of Financial Statements

Schedule of Accounts Receivable


We have audited the accompanying schedule of accounts receivable of ABCCompany for the year ended December 31, 20X1 5. This schedule is theresponsibility of ABC Company’s management. Our responsibility is to expressan opinion on the schedule based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with generally accepted auditing standardsin the Philippines. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit toobtain reasonable assurance about whether the schedule is free of materialmisstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting

the amounts and disclosures in the schedule. An audit also includes assessing theaccounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, aswell as evaluating the overall presentation of the schedule. We believe that ouraudit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the schedule of accounts receivable presents fairly, in all materialrespects, the accounts receivable of the Company as of December 31, 20X1 inaccordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the Philippines .

AUDITOR

DateAddress

5 See footnote 3.

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Appendix 2-2-

Schedule of Profit Participation


We have audited the accompanying schedule of DEF’s profit participation for theyear ended December 31, 20X1. 6 This schedule is the responsibility of ABCCompany’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on theschedule based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with generally accepted auditing standardsin the Philippines. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit toobtain reasonable assurance about whether the schedule is free of materialmisstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supportingthe amounts and disclosures in the schedule. An audit also includes assessing the

accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, aswell as evaluating the overall presentation of the schedule. We believe that ouraudit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the schedule of profit participation presents fairly, in all materialrespects, DEF’s participation in the profits of the Company for the year endedDecember 31, 20X1 in accordance with the provisions of the employmentagreement between DEF and the Company dated June 1, 20X0.

AUDITOR

DateAddress

6 See footnote 3.

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Appendix 3

Examples of Reports on Compliance

Separate Report


We have audited ABC Company’s compliance with the accounting and financialreporting matters of sections XX to XX inclusive of the Indenture dated May 15,20X1 with DEF Bank.

We conducted our audit in accordance with generally accepted auditingstandardsin the Philippines applicable to compliance auditing. Those standardsrequire that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance aboutwhether ABC Company has complied with the relevant sections of the Indenture.An audit includes examining appropriate evidence on a test basis. We believe thatour audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the Company was, in all material respects, in compliance with theaccounting and financial reporting matters of the sections of the Indenture referredto in the preceding paragraphs as of December 31, 20X1.

AUDITOR

DateAddress

Deleted:

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Appendix 3-2-

Report Accompanying Financial Statements


We have audited the accompanying balance sheet of the ABC Company as ofDecember 31, 20X1, and the related statements of income, changes in equity andcash flows for the year then ended. These financial statements are theresponsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express anopinion on these financial statements based on our audit. We have also auditedABC Company’s compliance with the accounting and financial reporting mattersof sections XX to XX inclusive of the Indenture dated May 15, 20X1 with DEFBank.

We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing standardsin the Philippines applicable to the audit of financial statements and to complianceauditing. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtainreasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of materialmisstatement and about whether ABC Company has complied with the relevantsections of the Indenture. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidencesupporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit alsoincludes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made

by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion:

(a) the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 20X1, and the results of its

operations and its cash flows for the year then ended in accordance with...; and

(b) the Company was, in all material respects, in compliance with theaccounting and financial reporting matters of the sections of the Indenturereferred to in the preceding paragraphs as of December 31, 20X1.

AUDITOR

DateAddress

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Appendix 4

Examples of Reports on Summarized Financial Statements

When an Unqualified Opinion Was Expressed on the Annual Audited Financial

Statements


We have audited the financial statements of ABC Company for the year endedDecember 31, 20X0, from which the summarized financial statements 7 werederived, in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards in thePhilippines. In our report dated March 10, 20X1 we expressed an unqualifiedopinion on the financial statements from which the summarized financialstatements were derived.

In our opinion, the accompanying summarized financial statements are consistent,in all material respects, with the financial statements from which they werederived.

For a better understanding of the Company’s financial position and the results ofits operations for the period and of the scope of our audit, the summarizedfinancial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statementsfrom which the summarized financial statements were derived and our auditreport thereon.

AUDITOR

DateAddress

7 See footnote 3.

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When a Qualified Opinion Was Expressed on the Annual Audited Financial Statements


We have audited the financial statements of ABC Company for the year endedDecember 31, 20X0, from which the summarized financial statements 8 werederived, in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards in thePhilippines. In our report dated March 10, 20X1 we expressed an opinion that thefinancial statements from which the summarized financial statements werederivedpresented fairly, in all material respects, .…. except that inventory had

been overstated by ....

In our opinion, the accompanying summarized financial statements are consistent,

in all material respects, with the financial statements from which they werederived and on which we expressed a qualified opinion.

For a better understanding of the Company’s financial position and the results ofits operations for the period and of the scope of our audit, the summarizedfinancial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statementsfrom which the summarized financial statements were derived and our auditreport thereon.

AUDITOR

DateAddress

8 See footnote 3.

Deleted:

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PSA 800.pdf