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IBM Corporation 2001 pSeries Technical Conference
L17
Brian Dolan-Goecke
Atlanta, Georgia October 8-12, 2001
Linux Today
IBM Corporation 2001 pSeries Technical Conference
Brian Dolan-Goecke
IBM Corporation 2001 pSeries Technical Conference
Contact
Email: [email protected]
WebSite: www.Goecke-Dolan.com/Brian
Phone: (612) 759-0967
IBM Corporation 2001 pSeries Technical Conference
Linux Today
Today, Linux is a fun and exciting development in the IT world. In this presentation we will investigate the evolution of Linux. We will begin by covering some common questions about Linux. Then we look at the
current state of Linux, what it has to offer and where it comes up short. To conclude we will look at future
development in Linux.
IBM Corporation 2001 pSeries Technical Conference
Linux Basics
What is Linux ?
Where did it come from ?
Open Source ?
What is Linux composed of ?
How does one get Linux ?
IBM Corporation 2001 pSeries Technical Conference
What Is Linux ?
Common Definition
A Unix Operating System and Applications that run on multiple machines from PDAs to
Mainframes
IBM Corporation 2001 pSeries Technical Conference
What Is Linux ?
Technical Definition
Collection of programs distributed with the "Linux Kernel", and most often with several additional applications. Often programs and tools included are from GNU, BSD and many
other contributors
IBM Corporation 2001 pSeries Technical Conference
Where Did Linux Come From ?
Linus Torvalds, a student at the University of Helsinki, wrote the Kernel code and released it
to the world in 1991
IBM Corporation 2001 pSeries Technical Conference
Grow
When Torvolds released the Linux Kernel code onto the Internet he did this in a Free, no strings attached manner. He was actively looking for feedback, answers and help
IBM Corporation 2001 pSeries Technical Conference
Open Source
At the heart of Linux
Comes in flavors
Can be more complex than the software!
Lineo has GPL manager tool
See www.opensource.org for more info
IBM Corporation 2001 pSeries Technical Conference
Linux Grew To
10 years later, Linux has grown to about 2,437,470 lines of code, with thousands of
developers contributing
With thousands of applications (packages) being written and developed for it
IBM Corporation 2001 pSeries Technical Conference
What Is Linux Composed Of ?
Linux Kernel (from Linus Torvalds)
GNU Programs (from GNU Project)
Other software
More correctly called a
"GNU/Linux Distribution"
IBM Corporation 2001 pSeries Technical Conference
Common Distributions
Slackware
RedHat
Caldera
Mandrake
Debian
Corel
IBM Corporation 2001 pSeries Technical Conference
Slackware
Current Version: 8.0
Notes:
Oldest distribution
WebSite: www.slackware.com
IBM Corporation 2001 pSeries Technical Conference
RedHatCurrent Version: 7.1
Notes:
Best known distribution
Company is more than just distribution
Has Alpha CPU Distribution
Has Itanium CPU Distribution
WebSite: www.RedHat.com
IBM Corporation 2001 pSeries Technical Conference
Caldera
Current Version: 3.1
Notes:
Have products for machines classes
Combined with SCO/Unix
WebSite: www.Caldera.com
IBM Corporation 2001 pSeries Technical Conference
Mandrake
Current Version: 8.0
Notes:
Based on RedHat ?
Known for speed
Graphical interface, install, admin, more
Has PowerPC version
WebSite: www.Mandrake.com
IBM Corporation 2001 pSeries Technical Conference
SuSE
Current Version: 7.2
Notes:
Many available packages
Popular in Europe
Available on 6 CD's or DVD
WebSite: www.SuSE.com
IBM Corporation 2001 pSeries Technical Conference
Debian
Current Version: 2.2r3 (Potato)
Notes:
A completely Open Source distribution
Multiple CPU Architectures
Have some special distributions
WebSite: www.Debian.org
IBM Corporation 2001 pSeries Technical Conference
Corel
Current Version: Second Edition
Notes:
Based on Debian
Bundled with Corel Linux Products
Sold to xandrox ?
WebSite: www.corel.com/Linux
IBM Corporation 2001 pSeries Technical Conference
Notable Distributions
YellowDog, for Mac/PowerPC
NSA Secure Linux
Several Single-Use Distributions
NetMax -- www.netmax.com
IBM Corporation 2001 pSeries Technical Conference
How Does One Get Linux ?
Buy a distribution
Download a distribution
Build you own distribution
IBM Corporation 2001 pSeries Technical Conference
Questions
Audience Questions
IBM Corporation 2001 pSeries Technical Conference
Current Linux
Linux Kernel 2.4
Other Software
IBM Corporation 2001 pSeries Technical Conference
Kernel 2.4
Released January 4, 2001
Made Linux more robust and stable with better performance. A lot of these advances make Linux more appealing to the enterprise user.
Newest Kernel is 2.4.10, released 9/23/2001
IBM Corporation 2001 pSeries Technical Conference
Linux Advances Highlights
New Architectures
Optimizations
Better SMP
Better Resource Management
Extended Limits
DevFS
New File Systems
IBM Corporation 2001 pSeries Technical Conference
New Architectures
Intel Itanium (ia64)
IBM Mainframe (S/390)
SuperH
MIPS 64-bit
IBM Corporation 2001 pSeries Technical Conference
Optimizations
Pentium III
AMD
Cyrix
MMX/MMX2
MTRR/MCR
IBM Corporation 2001 pSeries Technical Conference
Expanded Support For Buses
Added direct ISA "Plug and Play" support
I2O devices
Robust resource management
Key for enterprise
IBM Corporation 2001 pSeries Technical Conference
Better SMP
Multi IO-APIC (Also non-SMP IO-APIC)
Can handle many more simultaneous processes
Configurable process limit
More efficient scheduler
Key for Enterprise
IBM Corporation 2001 pSeries Technical Conference
Resource Management
New Resource Management Subsystem
Works better with "Plug and Play"
Has PCI card database
Works with DevFS
IBM Corporation 2001 pSeries Technical Conference
Expanded Limits
4.2 Billion Users and Groups
64 GB Ram on Intel hardware
16 Ethernet Cards
10 IDE Controlers
Remove 2GB file size limit
Key for Enterprise
IBM Corporation 2001 pSeries Technical Conference
Shared Memory
POSIX-style shared memory segments
Still has SysV shared memory compatibility
IBM Corporation 2001 pSeries Technical Conference
VFS Changes
Faster and simpler single-buffer system
Multi-File System mounts
More Partition Table types
IBM Corporation 2001 pSeries Technical Conference
Logical Volume Manager
Added great flexibility to disk management
Key for enterprise
IBM Corporation 2001 pSeries Technical Conference
File System Advances
Journal File System
- Ext3
- Reizerfs
- IBM JFS
-SGI JFS
HPFS Read/Write
UDF (cdrom/dvd filesystem)
IBM Corporation 2001 pSeries Technical Conference
Embedded Memory Devices
Memory Technology Devices (MTD)
Disk-On-Chip
Onboad memory as MTD
Flash Memory
More...
IBM Corporation 2001 pSeries Technical Conference
Embedded Filesystems
Compressed ROM FS (CRAMFS)
ROM FS (ROMFS)
Simple RAM-Based FS (RAMFS)
IBM Corporation 2001 pSeries Technical Conference
New Devices
USB
IrDA
Firewire (IEEE1394)
Improved DVD
IBM Corporation 2001 pSeries Technical Conference
DevFS
Adds ability for dynamic devices
Adds ability for static devices nodes
Devices created by driver as loaded
Directory hierarchy for devices
Larger device name space
IBM Corporation 2001 pSeries Technical Conference
Desktop Advances
Direct Rendering Manager
Improved DVD support
Digitizer Pad as Mice
Parallel device layer rewritten
IBM Corporation 2001 pSeries Technical Conference
Software Packages
IBM Corporation 2001 pSeries Technical Conference
Servers
SAMBA
Apache
Tomcat/Java
IBM Corporation 2001 pSeries Technical Conference
Desktop Software
XFree86 4.x
GUI Advances
- KDE
-Gnome
Gnome adoption by UNIX community
IBM Corporation 2001 pSeries Technical Conference
Other Software
Linux Clustering
More games
IBM Corporation 2001 pSeries Technical Conference
Linux Future
IBM Corporation 2001 pSeries Technical Conference
Linux Needs
Better HotSwap
More raid support (soft/hard)
GFS
More Fiber Channel Support
IBM Corporation 2001 pSeries Technical Conference
Linux Future
Continued improvements
More devices supported
More clustering
IBM Corporation 2001 pSeries Technical Conference
Linux Will Be Seen
Embedded devices
- PDA's
- Multimedia devices
- Networking devices
- Other
Continued server growth
IBM Corporation 2001 pSeries Technical Conference
What do you think
Linux needs
for the future ?
IBM Corporation 2001 pSeries Technical Conference
Resources
GNU - www.GNU.org
OpenSource - www.OpenSource.org
Linux - www.Linux.com
Linux Documentation Project - www.linuxdoc.org
Linux Kernel - www.kernel.org
OPENSOURCES Book -
http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/opensources/book/toc.html
IBM Corporation 2001 pSeries Technical Conference
ArticlesThe Bullet Points: Linux 2.4-Part Deux
Linux Journal, September 2000
More Than a Gigabuck: Estimating GNU/Linux's Size
by David A. Wheeler ([email protected])
www.dwheeler.com/sloc/redhat71-v1/redhat71sloc.html
Linux History - http://www.li.org/linuxhistory.php
Wonderful World of Linux 2.4 - http://linuxtoday.com/news_story.php3?ltsn=2001-01-05-007-04-NW-LF-KN
IBM Corporation 2001 pSeries Technical Conference
BooksThe Cathedral & the Bazaar
Musings on Linux and Open Source by an Accidental RevolutionaryEric S. Raymond
Paperback Edition February 2001 ISBN 0-596-00108-8
www.ora.com
Open SourcesVoices from the Open Source Revolution
Edited by Chris DiBona, Sam Ockman & Mark Stone1st Edition January 1999
ISBN: 1-56592-582-3www.ora.com
IBM Corporation 2001 pSeries Technical Conference
Version Info
Brian Dolan-Goecke
http://www.goecke-dolan.com/Brian/Presentations
Linux Today Presentation
Version 1.2
10/9/2001