PTC-100 Operations Manualpolyp.biochem.uci.edu/wiki/images/8/8f/PTC-100_Manual.pdfPTC-100 Operations Manual Meet the PTC-100 Thank you for purchasing an MJ RESEARCH PTC-100 thermal

PTC-100 Operations Manual

Version 7.0

MJ Research, Inc.Watertown, MA

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Copyright ©1997, MJ Research, Inc. All rights reserved.

PTC-100, PTC-100HB, 16MS Slide Block, Chill-out, Frame-Seal, Hot Bonnet, Microseal, Self-Seal,and Slide Griddle are trademarks of MJ Research, Inc.

Thermal cyclers can be used for a number of purposes, including the polymerase chain reaction(PCR). PCR is covered by patents owned by Hoffmann-La Roche, Inc., and F. Hoffmann-La Roche,Ltd., who have granted exclusive and nonexclusive licenses for some types of applications. Rocheand its licensees provide end-user licenses within their respective fields. These licenses have dif-ferent terms depending on the particular application of PCR, and different rules may apply indifferent countries. Anyone who intends to use MJ RESEARCH equipment to do PCR is encouragedto contact Hoffmann-La Roche for more information, at one of the addresses below:

In the United States: In other nations:

Kathe Kiehn Dr. Agnieszka Junosza-JankowskiLicensing Manager PCR Licensing ManagerRoche Molecular Systems, Inc. F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd.1145 Atlantic Avenue Building 222/350Alameda, CA 94501 USA CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland(510) 814-2970 41-61-687-3031Fax: (510) 814-2977 Fax: 41-61-687-2113

Some PTC-100s sold by MJ RESEARCH carry the catalog number ATC-0100. This machine is physi-cally the same as the PTC-100, except that an authorization fee has been paid to use the thermalcycler to conduct PCR in certain applications, in conjunction with licensed reagents (ATC, autho-rized thermal cycler). A silver sticker affixed to the chassis of all ATC models lists the instrument’smodel and serial number.

The PTC-100 may also be authorized by the user after purchase. For more information, contact MJRESEARCH.

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Contents

Documentation Conventions ............................................................................................... iv

1. Introduction ................................................................................................................. 1-1

2. Layout and Specifications .......................................................................................... 2-1

3. Installation .................................................................................................................... 3-1

4. Operation...................................................................................................................... 4-1

5. Running Protocols ....................................................................................................... 5-1

6. Programming ............................................................................................................... 6-1

7. Editing Programs ........................................................................................................ 7-1

8. Maintenance ................................................................................................................. 8-1

9. Troubleshooting ........................................................................................................... 9-1

Appendix A: The 16MS Slide Block ................................................................................ A-1

Appendix B: Safety Warnings .......................................................................................... B-1

Appendix C: Factory-Installed Protocols ....................................................................... C-1

Appendix D: Warranties ................................................................................................... D-1

Appendix E: Shipping Instructions for US Residents .................................................. E-1

Index ..................................................................................................................................... In-1

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Documentation Conventions

Typographic ConventionsThe names of keyboard keys are in sans serif type and placed withindouble angle brackets:

Example: «Proceed»

Items in programming menus are italicized:

Example: Select Edit from the Main Menu.

Graphic ConventionsThe programming screens displayed in the LCD window are representedby a box containing two lines of text:

Example:

TerminologyA programming option is termed “selected” when the cursor is positionedin front of it. Use the «Select» keys (see fig. 2-3) to move the cursor. Insome screens selected items are also displayed in all-capital letters.

RUN EnterProgram Program

Programming Quick Reference

Types of Program Steps1. Temperature step (mandatory): Sets the block’s temperature and the

length of time the block is held at that temperature.

2. GoTo step (optional): Causes the program to cycle back to an earlierstep for a specified number of times (up to 9,999 times).

3. Increment step (optional): Allows a progressive increase or decreaseof temperature (–0.1 to 6.0°C/cycle) each time a step is executed in aGoTo cycle.

4. Extend step (optional): Allows a progressive lengthening or short-ening of a temperature step hold (by 1–60 sec/cycle) each time a stepis executed in a cycle.

5. Slope step (optional): Modifies a temperature step to allow a slower-than-maximum rate of heating or cooling.

6. End step (mandatory): Instructs machine to shut down its heat pumpbecause the last line of the program has run.

Temperature Control Methods• Block control: The PTC-100 adjusts the block’s temperature to main-

tain the block at programmed temperatures, independent of sampletemperature. Under block control the temperature of samples alwayslags behind the temperature of the block. The duration of this time lagdepends on the sample vessel and sample volume but typically is be-tween 10 and 30 seconds.

• Probe control: The PTC-100 adjusts the block’s temperature to main-tain the probe at programmed temperatures. Be careful to fill the probewith the correct amount of oil and to seat the probe and the samplescorrectly. Otherwise, actual sample temperatures can vary widelyfrom the probe’s temperature.

Writing a New ProgramChoose Enter Program from the Run-Enter Menu, then choose New.

Naming a ProgramProgram names may be up to eight characters long. Press the right «Se-lect» key to scroll forward and the left «Select» key to scroll backwardthrough the alphabets and characters available. To access Japanese char-acters, press the «.» key. Press «.» again to return to Western characters.When the character needed is displayed, press «Proceed». Use the key-pad to insert numbers and dashes. Press «Proceed» twice when the nameis complete.

Entering a Temp Step1. Choose Temp.

2. Type a temperature between 0 and 100.0°C. Press «Proceed».

3. Type a value for Hrs, Min, and Sec. Press «Proceed».

Entering a GoTo Step1. Choose GoTo.

2. Type the number of the step the program should cycle back to. Press«Proceed».

3. Type a value for the number of times the program should cycle backto the specified step. Press «Proceed».

Entering an Increment Step1. Choose Option, then choose Increment.

2. Type an initial incubation temperature for the step. Press «Pro-ceed».

3. Type a value for Min and Sec. Press «Proceed».

4. Type a temperature from –0.1 to 6.0°C as the increment/decrementper cycle. Press «Proceed».

Entering an Extend Step1. Choose Option, then choose Extend.

2. Type an initial incubation temperature for the step. Press «Pro-ceed».

3. Type a number from –60 to 60 as the number of seconds by whichthe incubation time will increase/decrease per cycle. Press «Pro-ceed».

Entering a Slope Step1. Choose Option, then choose Slope.

2. Type a number for the desired temperature change. Press «Pro-ceed».

3. Type a temperature from 0.1 to 1.5°C. Press «Proceed». (Not all blockscan ramp at the maximum programmable speed of 1.5°/sec. Checkthe specifications for your block.)

4. Type a value for Hrs, Min, and Sec. Press «Proceed».

Entering the End Step1. Choose End. Press «Proceed».

Programming an Indefinite HoldProgram a temperature step with an incubation time of 0 hours, 0 min-utes, and 0 seconds, just before the End step. Press «Cancel» or «Stop»to end the hold.

Deleting a Program1. Choose Enter Program from the Run-Enter Menu, then choose Delete.

2. Press a «Select» key until the name of the program to be deleted isdisplayed.

3. Press «Proceed» to delete the program.

Listing a Program1. Choose Enter Program from the Run-Enter Menu, then choose List.

2. Press a «Select» key until the name of the program to be listed isdisplayed. Press «Proceed».

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Introduction1

Meet the PTC-100......................................... 1-2

How to Use This Manual .............................. 1-2

Important Safety Information ..................... 1-2

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Meet the PTC-100Thank you for purchasing an MJ RESEARCH PTC-100 thermal cycler. De-signed by a team of molecular biologists and engineers, the PTC-100 willmeet your needs for an easy-to-use, reliable, compact programmable ther-mal cycler:

• Easy-to-read programming interface for quick and painless program-ming, editing, file management, and much more

• Choice of block or probe control

• Space-saving design for easy setup and transportation

• Instant Incubate feature for continuous-temperature incubations

• 14 customizable factory-installed protocols

• Hot Bonnet heated lid for oil-free cycling

How to Use This ManualThis manual contains all the information you need to operate the PTC-100safely and productively:

• Chapter 2 describes the physical characteristics and specificationsof the PTC-100.

• Chapters 3–5 describe installing and operating the PTC-100.

• Chapters 6 and 7 describe programming the PTC-100.

• Chapter 8 describes proper maintenance of the PTC-100.

• Chapter 9 offers advice on troubleshooting the PTC-100.

Note: Information on installing, operating, and programming the 16MSSlide Block cycler may be found in appendix A.

Important Safety InformationSafe operation of the PTC-100 begins with a complete understanding ofhow the machine works. Please review this entire manual before attempt-ing to operate the PTC-100. Do not allow anyone who has not reviewedthis manual to operate the machine.

The PTC-100 can generate enough heat to inflict serious burns and candeliver strong electrical shocks if not used according to the instructionsin this manual. Please read the safety warnings and guidelines in appen-dix B, and exercise all precautions outlined in them.

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Layout and Specifications2

PTC-100 with Cold Lid .................................. 2-2Models Available ..................................................... 2-2Front View (Figure 2-1) ............................................. 2-2Back View (Fig. 2-2) ................................................. 2-3Control Panel (Fig. 2-3) ............................................ 2-3

PTC-100 with Hot Bonnet ............................. 2-4Models Available ..................................................... 2-4Front View (Fig. 2-4) ................................................. 2-4Back View (Fig. 2-5) ................................................. 2-5

PTC-100 with 16MS Slide Block (Fig. 2-6) ...... 2-6

Accessories ................................................. 2-7Temperature Probe (Fig. 2-7) .................................... 2-7Slide Griddle Adapter (Fig. 2-8) ............................... 2-7

Specifications .............................................. 2-8

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PTC-100 with Cold Lid

Front View (Fig. 2-1)

Models Available60-well block: holds 60 x 0.5ml tubes

96V block: holds 96 x 0.2ml tubes or one 96-well V-bottom plate

96U block: holds one 96-well U-bottom PVC microplate

96AgV gold/silver block: holds 96 x 0.2ml tubes or one 96-well V-bottom plate; block is gold-plated sterling silver for faster ramping speed

192-well block: holds one 192-well staggered-row polycarbonate plate

16MS Slide Block: holds sixteen 25 x 75mm slides and 24 x 0.2ml tubes (see p. 2-6)

Lid

Air exhaust vents

Control panel

Air intake vents

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Layout and Specifications

Back View (Fig. 2-2)

Control Panel (Fig. 2-3)

Air intake ventsParallel printer port

Hot Bonnet jack (unusedin this model)

Power cord jack

On-off switch

1 2 3

4 5 6

7

08 9

LCD window

Left and rightselection keys

Proceed key

Cancel key

LED bar graph

Chart recorder jack

Probe jack

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Models Available60-well block: holds 60 x 0.5ml or 0.6ml microcentrifuge tubes

96V block: holds 96 x 0.2ml tubes or one 96-well V-bottom plate

96AgV gold/silver block: holds one 96-well V-bottom plate or 96 x 0.2ml tubes; block is gold-plated sterling silver for faster ramping speed

192-well block: holds one 192-well staggered-row polycarbonate plate

Front View (Fig. 2-4)

PTC-100 with Hot Bonnet

Control panel

Hot Bonnet

Thumbwheel

Lid release button

Air exhaust vents

Air intake vents

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Back View (Fig. 2-5)

Power cord jack

On-off switch

Air intake vents

Parallel printer port

Hot Bonnet jack (withcord plugged in)

Hot Bonnet cord

Chart recorder jack

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PTC-100 with 16MS Slide Block(Fig. 2-6)

Plastic pin

Slide block

Air exhaust vents

Control panel

Air intake vents

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Accessories

Temperature Probe (Fig. 2-7)Allows machine to control reactions according to a representative sample’s temperature. Avail-able for the 60-well model of the PTC-100, with or without the Hot Bonnet.

Slide Griddle Adapter (Fig. 2-8)Allows machine to thermally cycle up to four 25 x 75mm glass slides. Two models are available:the actively controlled adapter and the passive adapter. Available for 60-well and 96V models ofthe PTC-100, with or without the Hot Bonnet.

Probe jack

Probe tube, with sensor inside

Active slide griddle Passive slide griddle

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SpecificationsThermal range: 0–100°C

Accuracy: ±0.5°C of programmed target at 60°C

Thermal homogeneity: ±0.4°C well to well within 30 seconds of arrival at 60°C

16MS slide block: ±0.4°C within 30 seconds of arrival at 90°C

Ramping rate: Blocks that hold 0.5ml tubes (60-well block, 96U block, 192-well block): up to 1°C/sec

Blocks that hold 0.2ml tubes (96V block): up to 1.2°C/sec

96AgV gold/silver block: up to 2.5°C/sec

16MS Slide Block: up to 0.5°C/sec

Sample capacity: 60-well block: Sixty x 0.5ml tubes

96V block, 96AgV gold/silver block: 96 x 0.2ml tubes or one96-well V-bottom plate

96U block: One 96-well U-bottom microplate

192-well block: One 192-well plate

16MS Slide Block: Sixteen 25 x 75mm slides and 24 x 0.2mltubes

Line voltage: 100–240VAC rms (no adjustment needed among voltageswithin these ranges)

Frequency: 50/60Hz single phase

Power: 350W maximum

Fuses: Two 4A, 5 x 20mm (4 ampere)

Displays: One 2 x 16 LCD alphanumeric display

Ports: One 25-pin 8-bit parallel interface printer port

Memory: 360 typical programs, in nonvolatile memory; programs maycontain up to 100 steps; maximum of 1600 steps among allprograms

Weight: 7.0kg

Size: PTC-100 with cold lid, 24cm x 28cm x 23cm; PTC-100 withHot Bonnet, 23cm x 28cm x 26cm

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Installation3

Packing List ................................................. 3-2

Setting Up the PTC-100 ................................ 3-2

Environmental Requirements....................... 3-2

Power Supply Requirements ....................... 3-3

Air Supply Requirements ............................. 3-3

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Packing ListAfter unpacking the PTC-100, make sure you have received the following:

• One PTC-100, with Hot Bonnet if ordered

• One power cord

• Two fuses

• One sponge rubber pad (with 96V block, for cold lid machines only)

• The PTC-100 Operations Manual (this document)

If any of these components are missing or damaged, contact MJ RESEARCH

or the authorized distributor from whom you purchased the PTC-100 toobtain a replacement. Please save the original packing materials in caseyou need to return the PTC-100 for service. See appendix E for shippinginstructions.

Setting Up the PTC-100Insert the power cord plug into its three-pronged jack at the back of themachine (see fig. 2-2), then plug the cord into an electrical outlet (see“Power Supply Requirements,” below).

For the PTC-100 with Hot Bonnet, screw the Hot Bonnet power cord into itsjack at the back of the machine (see fig. 2-5; finger-tightness is adequate).

Situate the machine according to the instructions below.

Environmental RequirementsEnsure that the area where the PTC-100 is installed meets the followingconditions, for reasons of safety and performance:

• Indoor use, nonexplosive environment

• Normal air pressure (altitude below 2000m)

• Ambient temperature 4–32°C

• Humidity10–90%

• Protection from excessive heat (e.g., radiators) and accidental spills

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Installation

Power Supply RequirementsThe PTC-100 requires 100–240VAC, 50–60Hz, 850W, and a grounded out-let. The machine can use current in the specified range without adjust-ment, so there is no voltage-setting switch.

Air Supply RequirementsAir is taken in from vents at the rear and sides and on the bottom of themachine and exhausted from vents at both sides of the machine. If the ma-chine does not get enough air or gets air that is too warm, it can overheat.Overheating can cause the machine to display a warning message, “H[eat]S[ink] Overheating, Check Air Flow,” or even to shut itself off.

To prevent overheating, position the machine at least 10cm from otherthermal cyclers or walls. If the ambient air temperature exceeds 32°C,use fans or adjust the air conditioning to cool the air that the machinereceives. Keep the air intake vents clean and free of obstructions such asloose sheets of paper.

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Operation4

Turning the PTC-100 On ............................... 4-2

Using the Control Panel ............................... 4-2Operation Keys ........................................................ 4-2Status Indicator Lights ............................................... 4-3

Opening and Closing the Lid ........................ 4-3

Selecting the Correct Sample Vessel ............ 4-30.5ml Tubes .............................................................. 4-30.2ml Tubes .............................................................. 4-3Microplates .............................................................. 4-4Thin-Walled Vs. Thick-Walled Tubes .......................... 4-5

Sealing Sample Vessels ............................... 4-5Sealing with Oil or Wax ........................................... 4-5Sealing with the Hot Bonnet and Caps or Film.......... 4-6

Adjusting the Hot Bonnet’s Lid Pressure ............. 4-7

Loading Sample Vessels .............................. 4-8Using the Sponge Rubber Pad with the 96V Block ... 4-9Using Oil to Improve Thermal Contact ...................... 4-9

Using the Slide Griddle ................................ 4-10

Using the Probe .......................................... 4-10Customizing the Probe Vessel ................................... 4-10Adding the Oil .......................................................... 4-11Loading and Connecting the Probe .......................... 4-12Running a Protocol under Probe Control .................. 4-12Calibrating the Probe ............................................... 4-12

Appendix 4-A: Tube, Microplate, and SealingSystem Selection Chart ................................ 4-14

Appendix 4-B: Safety Warning RegardingUse of 35S Nucleotides ................................. 4-15

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Turning the PTC-100 OnMove the power switch at the right rear of the machine to “1” (the “On”position). In most cases, a self-test of the heat pump will begin running(see note below). Its progress is tracked in a screen in the LCD window:

This screen disappears within 10 seconds. If a problem is detected, anerror message is displayed.

Note: If either the heat sink or the block is not between 17 and 30°C, themachine will skip the self-test.

Following the self-test, the Run-Enter Menu is displayed:

The PTC-100 is now ready to execute programs.

Using the Control PanelThe control panel (see fig. 2-3) includes operation keys, status indicatorlights, an LCD window for displaying programming and machine statustext, and a numeric keypad for entering values into programs.

Operation Keys• Select keys (left and right arrows): Move the cursor one space or op-

tion to the left or right in the LCD window.

• Proceed: Accepts a selected menu or screen option.

• Cancel: Terminates a running protocol; during program creation orediting, cancels the last entry.

• Stop: Terminates a running protocol.

• Pause: Pauses a protocol during execution; accesses Japanese Katakanasyllabary.

• Instant Incubate: Initiates a program that sets up the PTC-100 as asimple incubator.

SELF TEST*

_RUN EnterProgram Program

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Operation

Status Indicator Lights• Power light: Glows red when the PTC-100 is powered up.

• LED bar graph: Glows red along its top half when the machine is heat-ing; glows green along its bottom half when the machine is cooling.

Opening and Closing the LidOpening the 60-block PTC-100 with cold lid: Lift the lid (there is nolatch) (fig. 4-1A, p. 4-4).

Opening all other PTC-100s with cold lids: Gently push on themetal latch at the front of the lid (fig. 4-1B) until it disengages,then lift the lid.

Opening the PTC-100 with Hot Bonnet: Push on the blue button at thelid’s center front and lift the lid (fig. 4-1C).

Closing all PTC-100 models: Push the lid down to cover the block. Makesure that lid pressure is correctly adjusted on Hot Bonnet models.

Selecting the Correct Sample VesselMJ RESEARCH offers a full range of tubes and microplates, manufac-tured to the specifications of each type of block to ensure a precise fit.See chapter appendix 4-A for a complete list. Keep in mind that dif-ferences in tube and plate composition and wall thickness among themany brands available can affect reaction performance. Protocols mayrequire some adjustment to ensure optimum performance when us-ing a new vessel type.

0.5ml TubesMake sure thick-walled 0.5ml tubes fit the wells snugly. Since these tubeswere originally designed for centrifuges, some brands may not fit tightlyin thermal cycler wells. Thin-walled 0.5ml tubes were specifically de-signed for thermal cycling, and the higher quality brands provide a goodand consistent fit. MJ RESEARCH provides thin- and thick-walled 0.5ml tubesdesigned for precise block fit.

0.2ml TubesAll types of thin-walled 0.2ml tubes may be used. MJ RESEARCH sellshigh-quality 0.2ml tubes in a number of styles, including individualtubes and strips.

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MicroplatesA variety of 96-well polypropylene or polycarbonate microplates may beused in 96V blocks as long as they fit the wells snugly. Polypropylenemicroplates are usually preferred because they exhibit very low proteinbinding and, unlike polycarbonate microplates, do not lose water vaporthrough the vessel walls. This allows smaller sample volumes to be used—as little as 5–10µl. Polypropylene microplates and compatible Microseal‘A’ film, mats, or strip caps for sealing are available from MJ RESEARCH.(See “Sealing with the Hot Bonnet and Caps or Film,” p. 4-6, for a de-scription of Microseal ‘A’.)

The 96-well U-bottom block is designed for use only with U-bottompolyvinylchloride (PVC) microplates. These plates are very thin and thus

Figure 4-1 A, Opening the 60-well block PTC-100 with cold lid. B, Opening all other PTC-100s withcold lids. C, Opening the PTC-100 with Hot Bonnet.

C

A B

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Operation

conduct heat well, but they have some disadvantages for thermal cycling. Inrecent years, PVC microplates have been largely displaced by polypropy-lene and polycarbonate plates designed for 96V blocks. PVC microplatesbecome very soft above 95°C, so when using them protocols should have amaximum temperature of 92°C or less. Since a Hot Bonnet would softenthese plates excessively, use an oil overlay to seal samples (see “SealingSample Vessels,”below). PVC microplates also bind protein, so a blockingprotein such as BSA (0.01–0.1% final conc.) must be used in all reactionsinvolving enzymes. U-bottom plates were not designed for amplificationreactions, so users may experience variable results when using them. CallMJ RESEARCH if you have any questions about using U-bottom plates.

Thin-Walled Vs. Thick-Walled TubesThe thickness of sample tubes directly affects the speed of sample heat-ing and thus the amount of time required for incubations. Thicker walledtubes delay sample heating since heat transfers more slowly through thetubes’ walls. For the earliest types of thermal cyclers this delay matteredlittle. These machines’ ramping rates were so slow (below 1°C/sec) thatthere was plenty of time for heat to transfer through the tube wall to thesample during a given incubation.

Many modern thermal cyclers have much faster ramping rates (up to 2–3°C/second), so the faster heat transfer provided by thin-walled tubesallows protocols to be significantly shortened. For example, in the reac-tion illustrated in figure 4-2 (p. 4-6), over 30 seconds can be saved percycle by using thin-walled tubes, for an overall savings of 15 minutes ina 30-cycle run.

Sealing Sample VesselsSteps must be taken to prevent the evaporation of water from reactionmixtures during thermal cycling, to avoid changing the concentration ofreactants. Only a layer of oil or wax will completely prevent evaporationfrom sample vessels, and this sealing method must be used when cyclingsamples in PTC-100s that do not have the Hot Bonnet. However, an ad-equate degree of protection can be achieved by sealing with Microsealfilm, mats, or caps, then cycling the samples using the Hot Bonnet heatedlid to prevent condensation/refluxing. (See appendix A for informationon sealing slides for use in the 16MS Slide Block.)

Sealing with Oil or WaxMineral oil, silicone oil, paraffin wax, or Chill-out liquid wax maybe used to seal sample vessels. Use only a small amount of oil or

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wax; 1–3 drops (15-50µl) are usually sufficient. Use the same amountof oil or wax in all sample vessels to ensure a uniform thermal profile.

Some paraffin waxes solidify at room temperature. The wax can then bepierced with a micropipette and the samples drawn off. Silicone oil andmineral oil can be poured off or aspirated from tubes if the samples arefirst frozen (–15 to –20°C). The samples are usually pure enough for analy-sis without an extraction.

Chill-out liquid wax (available from MJ RESEARCH) is an easy-to-use alter-native to oil. This purified paraffinic oil solidifies at 14°C and is liquid atroom temperature. By programming a hold step at low temperature, thewax can be solidified at the end of a run. A pipette can then be used topierce the wax in the tubes and remove the samples. The wax is dyed redto assist in monitoring its use. The dye has no known adverse effects onfluorescent gel analysis of reaction products.

Sealing with the Hot Bonnet and Caps or FilmThe Hot Bonnet heated lid (available for all PTC-100 blocks except the96U block and the 16MS Slide Block) maintains the air in the upper part

Figure 4-2 Ramping rate enhancement with thin-walled tubes. To compare ramping rates of sample tem-perature, 50µl samples of water were cycled in 0.5ml thin- and thick-walled tubes in a PTC-200 thermal cycler with a 60-well block. Thermal profile: 94°C, 120 sec; 62°C, 120 sec. Dataare shown for the third cycle. The cycler was run under block control, and the Hot Bonnet washeated to 105°C and tightened to a half-turn past the touch point. The samples in thin-walledtubes reached the target temperature more quickly.

Block

Thin wall

Thick wall

{

{

17-secdifference

15-sec difference

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Operation

of sample vessels at a higher temperature than the reaction mixture. Thisprevents condensation, refluxing, and changes in reactant concentrations.The Hot Bonnet also exerts pressure on the tops of vessels loaded into theblock, helping to maintain a vapor-tight seal and to firmly seat tubes orthe plate in the block.

Caps, film, or mats must be used along with the Hot Bonnet to preventevaporative losses. Tight-fitting caps do the best job of preventing vaporloss (and should be used for long-term storage of reaction products).

Microseal ‘A’ film is a quick way to seal Multiplate and “Concord”microplates or large arrays of tubes. This film is specially designed toseal tightly during cycling yet release smoothly, which minimizes the riskof aerosol formation and cross-contamination of samples. Microseal ‘A’is easily cut for use with fewer than 96 wells.

Microseal ‘M’ rubber sealing mats are an economical means to seal 96-well microplates. An array of 96 dimples on the mat helps orient it on themicroplate and prevents the mat from sticking to the Hot Bonnet’s heatedlid. The mats may be cleaned with sodium hypochlorite for reuse and areautoclavable.

Note: After a hold at below-ambient temperatures, a ring of condensa-tion may form in tubes or microplate wells above the liquid level butbelow the top of the block. This is not a cause for concern since it occursonly at the final cool-down step, when thermal cycling is finished.

Adjusting the Hot Bonnet’s Lid Pressure

The pressure exerted by the inner lid of the Hot Bonnet must be manu-ally adjusted to fit a given type of tube or microplate, sealed in a givenway. Once set, the Hot Bonnet can be opened and closed repeatedly with-out readjustment, as long as neither the tube or microplate type nor thesealing method changes. Any change in vessel type or sealing methodrequires readjustment of the Hot Bonnet’s lid.

Follow these steps to adjust the pressure exerted by the Hot Bonnet’sinner lid:

1. Make sure the block’s wells are clean. Even tiny amounts of extraneousmaterial can interfere with the proper seating of tubes or a microplate,which would prevent the lid from exerting uniform pressure on theloaded tubes or microplate.

2. Open the Hot Bonnet. Turn the blue thumbwheel all the way coun-terclockwise to completely raise the inner lid.

3. Load either a microplate or at least eight individual tubes into theblock. The inner lid pivots around a central point, so it is important todistribute individual tubes evenly: Load at least four tubes in the center

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of the block and at least one tube in each of the four corners of theblock. If using a sealing film or mat, apply it according to themanufacturer’s directions.

4. Close the Hot Bonnet. Turn the thumbwheel clockwise to lower theHot Bonnet’s inner lid onto the loaded tubes/microplate. Thethumbwheel turns easily at first since the inner lid has not yet comeinto contact with anything. Stop turning the thumbwheel when youfeel increased resistance, which indicates that the inner lid has touchedthe tubes/microplate.

5. Open the Hot Bonnet. Turn the thumbwheel clockwise an extra halfto three-quarters of a turn to set an appropriate lid pressure.

Note: Do not turn the thumbwheel more than three-quarters of aturn. This can make it hard or impossible to close the lid and putsexcessive strain on the latch holding the lid closed.

An extra half to three-quarters of a turn ensures the correct pressure formost types of reaction vessels. Some empirical testing may be requiredto determine the optimum pressure for certain vessels. Once this pres-sure has been determined, the thumbwheel position that delivers it maybe marked with a colored marking pen or piece of tape.

Tip: As an aid in gauging how much the thumbwheel has beenturned, mark it at the quarter turn positions, or every sixth“bump” on the thumbwheel (there are 24 total “bumps”).

6. Close the Hot Bonnet. You will hear a click when the lid latch en-gages. If the latch does not engage, the lid is not closed. Firm pressuremay be required to engage the latch.

Loading Sample VesselsWhen using a small number of tubes, they should all be placed in thecenter of the block, to ensure uniform thermal cycling of all samples. Ifusing the Hot Bonnet, also load at least one empty tube in each corner ofthe block, to ensure that the Hot Bonnet exerts even pressure on the tubes(see “Adjusting the Hot Bonnet’s Lid Pressure,” p. 4-7).

To obtain uniform heating and cooling of samples, sample vessels mustbe in complete contact with the block. Adequate contact is ensured byalways doing the following:

• Check that the block is clean before loading samples (see chapter 8for cleaning instructions).

4

✔

4-94-94-94-94-9

Operation

• Firmly press the tubes or microplate into the block wells.

Note: See appendix A for information on loading slides into the 16MSSlide Block.

Using the Sponge Rubber Pad with the 96V BlockIn PTC-100 models with the 96V block and the cold lid, a sponge rubberpad may be used to help seat tubes or a plate into the block. Attach themagnetic backing of the pad to the inner surface of the lid. When the lidis closed, the pad will press loaded tubes or plate down into the wells. (Asimilar pad is permanently installed into the lid of PTC-100s with the96U block.)

Caution: Never use the sponge rubber pad with the Hot Bonnetheated lid. The pad will block transmission of heat to thetops of loaded vessels, causing reaction failures. Theheated lid is able to firmly seat vessels into the block, with-out the assistance of the pad.

Using Oil to Improve Thermal ContactA small amount of oil may be placed within block wells to improve heattransfer from the block to loaded vessels and to help prevent the escapeof radioactive 35S nucleotides when using polypropylene tubes andpolypropylene or polycarbonate microplates (see chapter appendix 4-B).

Using oil requires care, attention, and cooperation on the part of every-one who uses the machine, in order to avoid the problems associatedwith its use:

• It can be messy.

• If used in excess of recommended amounts, it can seep into the ma-chine and damage internal components.

• It must be used consistently. If a protocol is designed to be run withoil in the block, oil must always be used for the protocol in order toensure replicable results.

The first time you put oil into the block, put two drops into each well thatwill be holding a sample vessel. Thereafter, more oil must generally beadded every two to three times the machine is used.

Each time you run a protocol requiring oil, make sure sufficient oil ispresent in the wells:

• When using tubes: Insert a tube, remove it, and visually inspect forthe presence of oil on the outside of the tube. If none is visible, add adrop of oil to the well. Repeat for each tube loaded.

4-104-104-104-104-10


• When using a plate: Follow the same procedure as for tubes. If no oilis visible on the outside of the plate, add a drop of oil to each well inthe block.

Excess oil in any well will overflow onto the top surface of the block whentubes or a plate is loaded. If this occurs, remove the excess oil with a tissue orpipettor. Do not allow oil to accumulate on the block’s top surface.

Note: The Hot Bonnet makes it unnecessary to use oil in the block, be-cause it presses tubes into the block wells, which improves thermal contact.

Using the Slide GriddleThe Slide Griddle heats up to four glass slides for in situ protocols. Twomodels are available, actively controlled and passively controlled. Theactively controlled model uses a temperature probe to allow the machineto precisely control the Slide Griddle’s temperature. The actively con-trolled Slide Griddle can only be used with PTC-100s that have the 60block, since this model of the machine has a temperature probe jack. Thepassively controlled model does not use a temperature probe, so it maybe used with PTC-100s that have the 96V block or the 60 block.

See the Slide Griddle Operations Manual and Passive Slide Griddles for MJ Re-search Thermal Cyclers for instructions on operating both types of Slide Griddle.

Using the ProbeAn in-sample temperature probe is available for PTC-100s with the 60-well block (both cold lid and Hot Bonnet models). The probe consists of asemiconductor sensor mounted in a 0.5ml plastic tube (see fig. 2-7). Awire runs from the sensor to the probe’s plug, which is inserted into ajack at the back of the machine. A small amount of oil is added to theprobe tube, to serve as the representative sample. The tube is loaded intothe block, where it can serve as the control reference for any programmedtarget temperature between 4 and 96°C.

When a probe-control protocol is run, the PTC-100 controls the block’stemperature to keep the probe at the programmed temperature, usingfeedback information from the sensor. Protocols must be tailored to fitthis control mechanism (see chapter 6).

Customizing the Probe VesselFor the most precise control of sample temperatures, install the probesensor in the same type of tube that the samples will be placed in. This is

4-114-114-114-114-11

Operation

particularly important when the sample tubes have much thicker wallsthan the probe’s tube.

Follow these steps to customize the probe vessel:

1. Uncap the probe tube. The sensor will come out when the lid is removed.

2. Remove the lid from the new probe tube. Add oil to the probe tube asdescribed below under “Adding the Oil.”

3. Gently place the sensor in the new tube, and snap the lid closed. Makesure that the lid from the original probe tube fits the new tube tightlyand that the tube is long enough to accommodate the sensor wire.The sensor should rest on the bottom of the tube.

Caution: The sensor and the wires connecting it to the probe arefragile. Handle them with great care. In particular, do notbend the wires connecting the sensor to the main probewire.

Adding the OilViscous oils (not water!) are the best choice for the probe tube’s represen-tative sample. They closely mimic the thermal characteristics of buffersolution, which changes temperature sluggishly due to the high specificheat of water.

Light and heavy mineral oil and silicone oil may be used (Table 4-1). MJRESEARCH recommends using heavy mineral oil because the formula fordetermining the correct volume of oil to use is easy to remember, and it iswidely available and inexpensive. But whichever type of oil you use, becareful to add the correct amount of oil.

5-15-15-15-15-1

Running Protocols5

Running a Protocol .......................................... 5-2Running a Protocol on the PTC-100 with Hot Bonnet ..... 5-2Running a Protocol under Probe Control ....................... 5-2

Reading the Runtime Screen ............................ 5-3

Reading the LED Bar Graph ............................. 5-3

Reading the Protocol Completion Screen ......... 5-4

Manually Stepping Through a Protocol ........... 5-4

Pausing a Running Protocol ............................. 5-4

Stopping a Running Protocol ........................... 5-5

Resuming a Protocol after a Power Outage ..... 5-5

Running an Instant Incubation ......................... 5-7

Printing a Log of a Running Protocol ................ 5-7

Printing a Record of Actual Temperatures ........ 5-8

5-25-25-25-25-2


Running a ProtocolEither a custom-designed protocol or one of the 14 factory-installed pro-tocols may be run. See appendix C for descriptions of the factory-installedprotocols, which may be edited to fit your needs.

Select Run Program from the Run-Enter Menu, then press «Proceed». Ifno custom protocols have been stored in the machine, the screen willdisplay the name of the first factory-installed protocol:

Press one of the «Select» keys until the name of the protocol you wish torun is displayed, then press «Proceed». The protocol will begin running.

Running a Protocol on the PTC-100 with Hot BonnetSelect a protocol to run and press «Proceed». The following screen willbe displayed:

To enable the Hot Bonnet, first make sure it is plugged into its jack (seefig. 2-5). Select Enable and press «Proceed». The protocol will begin torun, and the Hot Bonnet will be turned on.

Note: If the Hot Bonnet is not plugged into the machine and you enableit and run a protocol, the machine will begin beeping.

If you do not wish to use the Hot Bonnet, select Disable and press «Pro-ceed». The protocol will begin to run, without the Hot Bonnet.

Running a Protocol under Probe ControlTo run a protocol under probe control, load and connect the probe (see p.4-12). Select a protocol that has been designed for probe control. Do notuse probe control to run a protocol designed for block control. Press «Pro-ceed». The following screen will be displayed:

RunQUIKSTEP?

In-sample ProbeControl? _NO Yes

_ENABLE Disable Heated Lid

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Running Protocols

Select Yes and press «Proceed». The protocol will begin running underprobe control.

If probe control is not desired, select No and press «Proceed». The proto-col will begin running under block control.

Reading the Runtime ScreenDuring a protocol run, a runtime screen will be displayed:

This screen lists the program name (CUSTOM1 in the example above),the protocol step that is running (3), the block temperature (65.4°C), thecycle number (2), and the sample temperature if the probe is installed(64.0°C).

When the target temperature for a step is reached, a timer begins run-ning in the middle of the second line:

The timer shows the length of time the samples have been held at thedisplayed temperature. When another step begins, the timer disappearsuntil the new step’s target temperature is reached. At that point the timerbegins running for the step.

Reading the LED Bar GraphAs the protocol runs, the LED bar graph indicates how much power isgoing to the block’s heat pump. The upper half of the bar lights up redwhen the block is heating, and the lower half lights up green when theblock is cooling. The percentage of the column that lights up during ei-ther heating or cooling provides an instantaneous reflection of how muchenergy the heat pumps are using to either heat or cool the block.

CUSTOM1 3 65.42 64.0

CUSTOM1 3 92.02 00:10 92.1

5-45-45-45-45-4


Reading the Protocol Completion ScreenWhen the protocol ends, a beeper sounds and a message is displayed:

The temperature of the block at the completion of the program is dis-played in the upper right-hand corner of the screen. The number willchange as the block cools to ambient temperature.

Press «Proceed» to remove this screen. The Run-Enter Menu will be dis-played, and another protocol may be run.

Manually Stepping Through a ProtocolA running protocol can be manually advanced through its steps. As soonas a step has reached its target temperature (i.e., when the timer beginsrunning for the step), press «Proceed» to progress the protocol to its nextprogrammed step. The next protocol step will immediately be displayed.

Note: Pressing «Proceed» while a step is ramping will have no effect.A step must reach its target temperature before the protocol can be manu-ally advanced to the next step.

Protocols can be programmed to require manual stepping (see p. 6-10).

Pausing a Running ProtocolPress «Pause» to temporarily stop a running protocol. If «Pause» ispressed during temperature ramping, the protocol will pause as soon asthe target temperature is reached, and samples will be held at the dis-played temperature. If «Pause» is pressed after a step has reached itstarget temperature, the protocol will immediately begin holding samplesat the current incubation temperature. The timer will stop running, andthe word “Pause” will be displayed:

CUSTOM1 3 92.02 PAUSE

CUSTOM1 3 92.0COMPLETE

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Running Protocols

To resume the protocol, press «Pause» again. The timer will begin run-ning again, and the protocol will complete the step that was paused andcontinue on to the next step.

Stopping a Running ProtocolPress «Stop» or «Cancel» to stop a running protocol. A beeper will sound,and the program will stop running. The program cancellation screen willbe displayed:

The current block temperature is displayed in the upper right-hand cor-ner of this screen. The reading will change as the block returns to ambi-ent temperature. Press «Proceed» to remove this screen. The Run-EnterMenu will be displayed.

Note: Turning off the machine will not cancel a running protocol. Instead,the PTC-100 will assume that a power outage has occurred and will resumethe protocol run when the machine is turned on again (see below).

Resuming a Protocol after a Power OutageIf a power failure occurs when a protocol is running, the PTC-100 willhold the protocol in memory for at least 24 hours and sometimes up to 10days. (The exact duration depends on environmental conditions.)

When power is restored, the protocol will begin running again at thepoint at which it was stopped. When the protocol ends, the protocolcompletion screen will be displayed, with a special notice on its last line:

Press «Proceed» as instructed. A screen about the power outage will bedisplayed. The screen will identify the step and the cycle that were run-ning when the power failure occurred:

CUSTOM1 2 75.2CANCELED BY USER

AC POWER FAILEDCyc 3 Step 2

CUSTOM1 CompletePRESS PROCEED

5-65-65-65-65-6


Press «Proceed» to remove this screen. The Run-Enter Menu will be dis-played again.

Running an Instant IncubationThe PTC-100 may be converted to a constant-temperature incubator by press-ing «Instant» (the zero key) while the Run-Enter Menu is displayed. A screenallowing entry of the incubation temperature will be displayed:

Type any incubation temperature from 0.0°C to 100.0˚C, then press «Pro-ceed». The PTC-100 will incubate the sample at the specified temperature.

When the block reaches the incubation temperature, a timer will beginrunning in the lower right-hand corner of the screen. To stop and startthe timer, press «Pause». To stop an instant incubation, press «Cancel»or «Stop» (see “Stopping a Running Protocol”).

Printing a Log of a Running ProtocolIf the PTC-100 is connected to a printer, it will print a log for a runningprotocol that includes

• The machine’s serial number and software version

• The hours of operation and calibration data

• The protocol’s name and a list of its steps

• The protocol’s temperature control method

• The runtime thermal data from the block and from the probe if it isinstalled

Example 5-1 shows a sample printout.

See “Printing a Program,” chapter 6, for information about compatible printers.

TEMP:_

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Running Protocols

MJ Research PTC-100, Serial # 4292

Software Version 3.3BHeating and Cooling Hours: 921Block Calibration: 312Probe Offset: 66Probe Calibration: 292

Program Name: TOUCHDWNStep 1: 94.0 degrees for 1 Minute, 0 Seconds.Step 2: 92.0 degrees for 30 Seconds.Step 3: 70.0 degrees for 40 Seconds. Subtract 0.5°/cycle.Step 4: Go to step 2, 19 more times.Step 5: 92.0 degrees for 30 Seconds.Step 6: 60.0 degrees for 40 Seconds.Step 7: Go to step 5, 19 more times.Step 8: End

Control by Block Temp.

Date: Comments:

ElapsedTime

StepNumber

CycleNumber

RampTime

HoldTime

SetPoint

BlockTemp

ProbeTemp

Deviation fromSet Point >5 sec

00:00:00 71.1°

00:00:39 1 1 00:00:39 94.0° 93.9°

00:01:39 1 1 00:01:00 94.0° 94.1° –0.0°, +0.0°

00:01:41 2 1 00:00:03 92.0° 91.9°

00:02:12 2 1 00:00:30 92.0° 91.9° –0.4°, +0.4°

00:02:35 3 1 00:00:23 70.0° 70.0°

00:03:15 3 1 00:00:40 70.0° 69.9° –0.2°, +0.1°

00:03:39 2 2 00:00:24 92.0° 92.0°

00:04:09 2 2 00:00:30 92.0° 92.1° –0.2°, +0.2°

00:04:33 3 2 00:00:24 69.5° 69.4°

Example 5-1 Portion of a runtime protocol log.

5-85-85-85-85-8


Printing a Record of Actual TemperaturesA 0–5 VDC strip chart recorder may be used to print a graph of thetemperature of the sample block over time, derived from the thermalsensor on the block.

To use the chart recorder, plug a miniature phone plug patch cord (3/32-inch twin conductor) into the chart recorder jack on the left side of thePTC-100 (fig. 2-2). Connect the other end to a chart recorder, being cer-tain to observe correct polarity (the tip is positive).

Suitable chart recorders may be obtained from the following companies:

Gulton Graphic Instruments1900 South County TrailEast Greenwich, RI 02818Phone: 401-884-6800Fax: 401-884-4872Model: 288

Omega EngineeringPO Box 4047Stamford, CT 06907Phone: 800-826-6342Fax: 203-359-7700Model: RD288-5V-15IN

Kipp & Zonen390 Central AvenueBohemia, NY 11716Phone: 800-645-1025Fax: 516-589-2068Model: BD111

The Gulton and Omega machines have an accuracy of only ± 2% of span(i.e., less than ± 2°C), so they should only be used for event verification, notactual measurement. Kipp & Zonen’s laboratory-grade flatbed machine hasan accuracy of 0.3% of span, so it may be used for temperature measure-ment as well as event verification. However, calibration of output vs. tem-perature is still necessary. The Kipp & Zonen machine also has an optional-purchase feature allowing digital output of temperature data through a se-rial port, so that data may be downloaded into a computer.

6-16-16-16-16-1

Programming6

The Elements of a Program ......................... 6-2

Desigining a New Program ........................ 6-2Translating a Protocol into a Program ..................... 6-2Using the GoTo Step to Write Short Programs ......... 6-2Choosing a Temperature Control Method ............... 6-3

Block Control .................................................... 6-3Probe Control ................................................... 6-3

Entering a New Program............................ 6-4Initiating the Program .............................................. 6-4Naming the Program ............................................... 6-5Entering the Program Steps ..................................... 6-5

Entering a Temperature Step ............................ 6-5Entering a GoTo Step ....................................... 6-6Entering an Increment Step .............................. 6-7Entering an Extend Step ................................... 6-8Entering a Slope Step ....................................... 6-9Entering the End Step ....................................... 6-10

Programming an Indefinite Hold ................ 6-10

Creating a Program That Requires ManualStepping .......................................... 6-10

Editing While Entering a Program ............... 6-11Changing the Last Value Entered or Last

Menu Option Chosen .................................. 6-11Changing All Values in the Step Being Entered ....... 6-11Changing Values in Earlier Steps of a Program

Being Entered .............................................. 6-11

Deleting an Incomplete Program ................ 6-12

Deleting a Program from Memory ............. 6-12

Listing a Program ....................................... 6-12

Printing a Program..................................... 6-13

Keeping a Permanent Record of Programs ... 6-14

6-26-26-26-26-2


The Elements of a ProgramPTC-100 programs consist of a series of steps encoding a protocol. Thesesteps are run using one of two temperature control methods: block con-trol or probe control.

Programs may contain six types of steps. Two of the step types are man-datory, and four are optional:

1. Temperature step (mandatory): Sets a temperature for the block and thelength of time it is held at that temperature. The PTC-100 brings theblock to this temperature at its maximum rate of heating or cooling,unless modifying instructions are added to the program. (See chapter 2,“Specifications,” for rates of heating and cooling for all block types.)

2. GoTo step (optional): Causes the program to cycle back to an earlierstep for a specified number of times (up to 9,999 times).

3. Increment step (optional): Allows a progressive increase or decreaseof temperature (–0.1° to 6.0°C/cycle) each time a step is executed in aGoTo cycle (useful in “touchdown” programs, when the optimal an-nealing temperature of an oligonucleotide is not known).

4. Extend step (optional): Allows a progressive lengthening or short-ening of a temperature step hold (by 1–60 sec/cycle) each time a stepis executed in a cycle (useful for accommodating an enzyme withdiminishing activity).

5. Slope step (optional): Allows a slower-than-maximum rate of heat-ing or cooling.

6. End step (mandatory): Instructs the PTC-100 to shut down its heatpump because the last line of the program has run.

Designing a New Program

Translating a Protocol into a ProgramUntil you are completely familiar with programming the PTC-100, youmay find it helpful to first translate the protocol into program steps onpaper. Write down the protocol to be programmed, one step per line.Then write the type of program step that goes with the protocol steps, atthe end of each line. Finally, write the End step at the bottom of the list;programs will not run without this step. Number the lines 1 through N,where N is the final, End line.

Using the GoTo Step to Write Short ProgramsThe GoTo step allows programs of many repeated steps to be shortenedto just a few lines. When the program encounters a GoTo step, it returns

6-36-36-36-36-3

Programming

to a specified step, repeats that step, and repeats all steps that follow,back to the GoTo step. When the program has returned, or cycled, backto the step a specified number of times, the program moves on to the stepthat follows the GoTo step.

For example, consider a basic PCR protocol consisting of 30 repeats ofthe denaturation, annealing, and extension steps. Rather than listing all90 steps, use a GoTo step to design a short, easy-to-enter program:

Raw program:Raw program:Raw program:Raw program:Raw program:

1. 92° for 1 min2. 55° for 1 min3. 70° for 1 min4. 92° for 1 min5. 55° for 1 min6. 70° for 1 min7. 92° for 1 min

[continues for total of 90 lines]

Choosing a Temperature Control MethodThe PTC-100 can control block temperature in two ways, each of whichhas different implications for the speed and accuracy of sample heating:

• Block control: The PTC-100 adjusts the block’s temperature to main-tain the block at programmed temperatures, independent of sampletemperature.

• Probe control: The PTC-100 adjusts the block’s temperature to main-tain the probe at programmed temperatures.

Block Control

Block control is available for all models of the PTC-100. Under block con-trol, the temperature of samples always lags behind the temperature ofthe block. The duration of this time lag depends on the sample vesseland sample volume but typically is between 10 and 30 seconds.

Probe Control

Probe control is available for PTC-100s equipped with the 60 block. Spe-cial care must be taken to fill the probe with the correct amount of oil andto seat the probe and the samples correctly. Otherwise, actual sampletemperatures can vary widely from the probe’s temperature. Probe con-trol cannot be used with microplates or slides.

Under probe control, the machine will slightly overshoot its heat targetsto account for the time required for heat to transfer to the sensor within

Shortened program:Shortened program:Shortened program:Shortened program:Shortened program:

1. 95° for 1 min2. 55° for 1 min3. 70° for 1 min4. GoTo step 1, 29 times (i.e., cycle

back to step 1 and repeat steps 1, 2,and 3, 29 times )

5. End

6-46-46-46-46-4


the probe tube. Therefore, probe control protocols typically require incu-bations that are 15–20 seconds shorter and 1–2°C lower than incubationsfor block control protocols. For example, a denaturation step in a block-control protocol calling for 94°C for 30 sec would be reduced to 92°C for10 sec in a probe-control protocol.

Tip:Tip:Tip:Tip:Tip: Block control programs tend to be more trouble-free than probecontrol because fewer variables are involved in the tempera-ture control feedback loop.

Entering a New ProgramProgramming the PTC-100 involves four steps:

1. Initiating the program

2. Naming the program

3. Entering the program’s steps

4. Entering the End step

Each step involves typing in values from the keyboard or making selec-tions from a menu. Programs may be edited as they are being entered orafter they have been stored. Programs are automatically saved when theEnd step is entered.

Initiating the ProgramTo initiate a new program, select Enter Program from the Run-Enter Menu,then press «Proceed». The Main Menu will be displayed:

Select New, then press «Proceed». The naming screen will be displayed:

Name A

_NEW List Edit Delete

✔

6-56-56-56-56-5

Programming

Naming the ProgramProgram names may be up to eight characters long and may consist ofany combination of letters (Roman and Greek), numbers, punctuationmarks, or Japanese Katakana.

Press the right «Select» key to scroll forward and the left «Select»key to scroll backward through the alphabets and characters avail-able, which are presented in this order: Roman alphabet, selectedGreek letters, punctuation marks, numbers. To access the JapaneseKatakana syllabary, press the «.» key. A second press of «.» returns themachine to Western characters.

When the character needed is displayed next to Name, press «Proceed».The character will be accepted, and the cursor will move one space to theright. Numbers and dashes may also be inserted by pressing the corre-sponding keys on the keypad.

When the name is complete, press «Proceed» once to enter the last char-acter and again to enter the whole name. If the name is already in use fora program, a screen saying “Name In Use” will be displayed. If this hap-pens, press «Proceed», then enter a different name.

Entering the Program StepsWhen the name has been entered (CUSTOM1 is used in the followingexamples), the Enter Menu will be displayed:

Use this menu to enter each step of the program:

• Temp enters a temperature step.

• GoTo enters a GoTo step.

• Option enters an increment, extend, or slope step.

• End enters the End step.

Entering a Temperature Step

To enter a temperature step, select Temp from the Enter Menu, then press«Proceed». The first Temp screen will be displayed:

Step 1Temperature _

Step 1 _TEMP Goto Option End

6-66-66-66-66-6


The first line of this screen shows the number of the step being pro-grammed (1 is used in the example above). The second line of the screenallows a target temperature (in degrees Celsius) to be entered for thestep. Type any number between 0 and 100.0 as the target temperature(92.5 is used in the example below):

Press «Proceed». The temperature will be accepted, and a screen allow-ing entry of an incubation time will be displayed:

A value must be entered for Hrs (hours), Min (minutes), and Sec (seconds).Use the «Select» keys to move the cursor to each option, and either type anumber or press «Proceed» to automatically enter a value of 0.

For example, to enter an incubation time of 30 seconds, press «Proceed»twice. The value of 0 will automatically be entered for Hrs and Min, andthe cursor will be positioned at Sec. Use the keyboard to type “30.” Thescreen will look like this:

Press «Proceed». The times will be accepted, and the Enter Menu will bedisplayed again. Use the Enter Menu to add another step to the program.

Entering a GoTo Step

To enter a GoTo step, select GoTo from the Enter Menu and press «Pro-ceed». The first GoTo screen will be displayed:

Step 1 Hrs 0Min 0 Sec 30_

Step 2Go to step _

Step 1 Hrs _Min Sec

Step 1Temperature 92.5

6-76-76-76-76-7

Programming

The first line of this screen shows the number of the step being pro-grammed (2 is used in the example above). The second line of thescreen allows entry of the number of the step the program shouldcycle back to.

Type the number of the step the program should cycle back to (1 is usedin the example below):

Press «Proceed». The number will be accepted, and a screen allowingentry of an additional number of cycles will be displayed:

Type the additional number of times the program should cycle back tothe step (24 is used in the example below):

Press «Proceed». The number will be accepted, and the Enter Menuwill be displayed again. Use the Enter Menu to add another step tothe program.

Entering an Increment Step

To enter an increment step, select Option from the Enter Menu and press«Proceed». The Options Menu will be displayed:

Select Increment and press «Proceed». A screen allowing entry of the ini-tial incubation temperature for the step will be displayed:

Step 3Temperature _

Step 2Go to step 1

Step 2 Go to 1_ more times

Step 2 Go to 124 more times

Step 3 _EXTEND Increment Slope

6-86-86-86-86-8


Type a temperature and press «Proceed». The number will be accepted,and a screen allowing entry of an incubation time will be displayed:

Type a number for Min and Sec. Press «Proceed» to automatically enter avalue of 0.

When the numbers have been typed, press «Proceed». The numbers willbe accepted, and a screen allowing entry of a temperature increment ordecrement will be displayed:

Type a temperature from –0.1 to 6.0°C (the maximum programmablerange) as the number of degrees by which the incubation temperaturewill increase or decrease each time the step is executed in a cycle. Incre-ments as small as one tenth of a degree may be used. Use a negativenumber to program a progressive decrease of temperature, and a posi-tive number to program a progressive increase.

When the number has been typed, press «Proceed». The number will beaccepted, and the Enter Menu will be displayed again. Use the Enter Menuto add another step to the program.

Entering an Extend Step

To enter an extend step, select Option from the Enter Menu and press«Proceed». The Options Menu (see above) will be displayed. Select Ex-tend and press «Proceed». Type the initial incubation temperature andincubation time as for an increment step (see above), and press «Pro-ceed». The temperature and time will be accepted, and a screen allowingentry of a time increment or decrement will be displayed:

Type a number from –60 to 60 (the maximum programmable range) asthe number of seconds by which the incubation time will increase or de-crease each time the step is executed in a cycle. Use a negative number toprogram a progressive decrease of incubation time, and a positive num-ber to program a progressive increase.

Step 4Extend _ S/cyc

Step 3Add _ ° /cycle

Step 3Min _ Sec

6-96-96-96-96-9

Programming

When the number has been typed, press «Proceed». The number will beaccepted, and the Enter Menu will be displayed again. Use the Enter Menuto add another step to the program.

Entering a Slope Step

To enter a slope step, two values must be specified:

• The desired temperature change for the step: This is the differencebetween the temperature of the block at the beginning of the slopestep and the desired block temperature at the end of the slope step.For example, if the final temperature of the preceding step is 92°Cand the desired final temperature of the slope step is 65°C, the de-sired temperature change is 27°C.

• The slope rate for the step: This is a ratio of degrees per unit of time(usually degrees per second). Use the smallest convenient time in-crement to achieve the smoothest temperature curve for the step. Forexample, 0.1°C per second will give a smoother curve than 1°C per10 seconds.

To enter a slope step, select Option from the Enter Menu and press «Pro-ceed». The Options Menu (see above) will be displayed. Select Slope andpress «Proceed». A screen allowing entry of the magnitude of the tem-perature change for the step will be displayed:

Type a number for the desired temperature change and press «Proceed».The number will be accepted, and a screen allowing entry of the rate ofheating or cooling will be displayed:

Type a temperature from 0.1 to 1.5°C (the maximum programmable range)for the numerator of the slope rate and press «Proceed». The tempera-ture will be accepted, and the cursor will move to Hrs. Type a time valuefor the denominator of the slope rate. A number must be entered for Hrs,Min, and Sec. Press «Proceed» to automatically enter a value of 0 andmove the cursor to the next time element.

When the denominator has been typed, press «Proceed». The num-bers will be accepted into the program, and the Enter Menu willbe displayed again. Use the Enter Menu to add another step to theprogram.

Step 4Slope _ °

_ ° per HrsMin Sec

6-106-106-106-106-10


Note: Not all blocks will be able to ramp at the maximum program-mable speed of 1.5°/sec. See chapter 2, “Specifications,” to determine themaximum speed possible for a given block.

Entering the End Step

To enter the End step, select End from the Enter Menu, then press «Pro-ceed». A confirmation screen will be displayed:

Press «Proceed». The End step will be entered into the program. Theprogram will be stored, and the Run-Enter Menu will be displayed.

Programming an Indefinite HoldPrograms can be designed to end in an indefinite hold at a specified tem-perature. This allows completed reaction products to be held at a stablerefrigeration temperature (often 4°C) at the end of a run, until they canbe conveniently removed.

To program an indefinite hold, program a temperature step immedi-ately before the protocol’s End step. Type the desired temperature forthe indefinite hold, then give the step an incubation time of 0 hours, 0minutes, and 0 seconds. When this temperature step is reached, theblock will heat or cool the samples to the desired temperature andhold them there until you manually end the program by pressing«Cancel» or «Stop».

Creating a Program That Requires Manual SteppingTo create a program that must be manually progressed to each step, pro-gram an indefinite hold for each temperature step in the protocol (see“Programming an Indefinite Hold,” above). When the protocol runs, youmay then advance it through its steps at the time desired.

Step 6End

6-116-116-116-116-11

Programming

Editing While Entering a Program

Changing the Last Value Entered or Last Menu OptionChosenTo change the last value entered or last menu option chosen, press «Can-cel». The choice just made will be cancelled, and another value may beentered or another menu option chosen. Press «Proceed» after changinga value, so that the program will accept it.

Changing All Values in the Step Being EnteredTo change all the values in the step currently being entered, repeatedlypress «Cancel». Each time you press the key, the cursor will move back-ward through the step’s values, deleting them as it moves. When all val-ues for the step have been deleted, enter new values, or press «Cancel»one more time to display the Enter Menu for the step. At this point youcan change the step to a different type or re-enter the step.

Changing Values in Earlier Steps of a Program BeingEnteredTo change one or more values in earlier steps of the program you areentering, repeatedly press «Cancel» until the Enter Menu for the stepyou are working on is displayed. Press «Cancel» one more time to dis-play the last-entered step. The step will be displayed in a special format:

In the example above, the last-entered step is a temperature step. Thestep number is 3, and the temperature for the step is 94.0°C. The incuba-tion time is displayed in the form of 00:00:00. The first two digits repre-sent hours, the second two digits represent minutes, and the last twodigits represent seconds. The step in the example is programmed for a10-second incubation.

At this point you may use the arrow keys to scroll through the program’ssteps. To change temperature, time, and cycling values, see chapter 7.

Note: You cannot change the program name, step number, or step type.To change the program’s name or the order or type of its steps, delete theprogram (see below) and then re-enter it.

CUSTOM1 3 94.0 00:00:10

6-126-126-126-126-12


After you have made all necessary changes, press the right «Select» keyuntil the Enter menu is displayed for the next step in the program. Con-tinue entering the new program.

Deleting an Incomplete ProgramTo delete a program that you are in the process of entering, enter the Endstep and press «Proceed», which will store the program. Then delete theprogram from memory (see below).

Deleting a Program from MemoryAny program in memory may be deleted, including any of the 14 fac-tory-installed programs. To delete a program, select Enter Program fromthe Run-Enter Menu and press «Proceed». The Main Menu will be dis-played. Select Delete and press «Proceed». The deletion screen will bedisplayed for the first program in memory:

Press the «Select» keys until the name of the program to be deleted isdisplayed. When the correct name is displayed, press «Proceed». Theprogram will be deleted, and the Run-Enter Menu will be displayed.

Listing a ProgramUse the List option on the Main Menu to display all of a program’s stepsin the LCD window. To enter List mode, select Enter Program from theRun-Enter Menu and press «Proceed». The Main Menu will be displayed.Select List and press «Proceed».

Press the «Select» keys until the name of the program to be listed is dis-played, then press «Proceed». The first step in the program will be dis-played in the LCD window. Press the right «Select» key to scroll forwardand the left «Select» key to scroll backward through the list of steps. Toexit List mode, scroll to the last step of the program, then press the right«Select» key once. The Run-Enter Menu will be displayed.

Note: No program values can be changed in List mode. To change pro-

DeleteCUSTOM1?

6-136-136-136-136-13

Programming

gram values, see chapter 7 .

Printing a ProgramThe PTC-100 can print all the programs stored in the machine. To do this,follow the instructions under “Listing a Program” to enter List mode. If aprinter is connected to the printer port, the List program screen will giveyou the option to print as well as list programs in the LCD window:

Select Print Programs and press «Proceed». Each program stored in the ma-chine will be printed. Example 6-1 shows a portion of a program printout.

The PTC-100 parallel printer port is compatible with Epson® LX-810 dot

_DISPLAY Program Print Programs

Example 6-1 Portion of a program printout.

MJ Research PTC-100, Serial # 4292

Software Version 3.3BHeating and Cooling Hours: 921Block Calibration: 312Probe Offset: 66Probe Calibration: 292

List of user programs:

Program Name: QUIKSTEPStep 1: 94.0 degrees for 1 Second.Step 2: 92.0 degrees for 15 Seconds.Step 3: 68 degrees for 45 Seconds.Step 4: Go to step 1, 24 more times.Step 5: 75 degrees for 5 Minutes, 0 SecondsStep 6: End

Program Name: 2-STEPStep 1: 92.0 degrees for 30 Seconds.Step 2: 65 degrees for 1 Minute, 30 Seconds.

6-146-146-146-146-14


matrix printers and many other IBM compatibles. Only printers that sup-port the Epson extended graphics set will be able to print the degree charac-ter (°). Other printers will print an x instead of the degree character.

Keeping a Permanent Record of ProgramsOccasionally in the course of repairing a PTC-100, it is necessary to replacethe chip that stores all custom user protocols. To avoid losing your protocolsin such an event, always maintain an up-to-date record of them. Protocolsmay be printed out as described above or copied into a notebook.

7-17-17-17-17-1

Editing Programs7

Initiating Editing .......................................... 7-2

Editing the Program .................................... 7-2Editing Temperatures and Cycling Values ................. 7-2Editing a Time Value ................................................. 7-3Editing a Slope Step ................................................. 7-4

7-27-27-27-27-2


Initiating EditingTo edit an existing program the machine must be in Edit mode. To enterEdit mode, select Enter Program from the Run-Enter Menu and press «Pro-ceed». The Main Menu will be displayed. Select Edit from the Main Menuand press «Proceed». A screen similar to the following will be displayed:

The machine is now in Edit mode. Use the «Select» keys to select theprogram you wish to edit. When the name of the desired program is dis-played, press «Proceed». The first step in the program will be displayed:

The programmed temperature for this step is 94.0°C. The incubation time isdisplayed in the form of 00:00:00. The first two digits represent hours, thesecond two digits represent minutes, and the last two digits represent sec-onds. The step in the example is programmed for a 20-second incubation.

Editing the ProgramPress the left «Select» key to scroll backward through the program steps,and the right «Select» key to scroll forward. As the left or right «Select»key is pressed, the cursor will progressively move backward or forwardthrough each value in a step, and then back to the preceding or forwardto the following step.

Editing Temperatures and Cycling ValuesTo change a temperature or a cycling value, position the cursor on it andtype the new value. Press «Proceed». The new value will be accepted,and the cursor will move forward to the next value in the step.

To cancel a change, press «Cancel». The just-typed value will disappear,and a blank line will be displayed in its place. Type a new value andpress «Proceed».

EditCUSTOM1?

CUSTOM1 1 94.0 00:00:20

7-37-37-37-37-3

Editing Programs

Note: Be careful when editing program values. Once a value is changedor deleted, you cannot make it reappear by pressing any key. To restore avalue, you must retype it. You may find it helpful to write a value downbefore changing it, to minimize the chance that you will forget what it was.

Editing a Time ValueTo edit any part of a time value, you must retype the number for eachelement in the time value: hours, minutes, and seconds. Press «Proceed»after typing each time element. The number just typed will be accepted,and the cursor will move to the next time element. To enter a value of 00for hours, type a zero, then press «Proceed». The second zero will auto-matically be entered. To enter a value of 00 for minutes or seconds, sim-ply press «Proceed». Both zeros will be entered at once.

For example, to change the time value for the example above from 00:00:20to 00:00:30, press the right arrow key to move the cursor to the first digitof the time value:

Type a zero. The zero will become the first digit of the hours element, andthe values for minutes and seconds will disappear from the screen:

Press «Proceed». A second zero will automatically be entered for the hourselement, and the cursor will move to the minutes element:

Press «Proceed». Two zeros will automatically be entered for the min-utes element, and the cursor will move to the seconds element:

CUSTOM1 1 94.0 00:00:30

CUSTOM1 1 94.0 0 : :

CUSTOM1 1 94.0 00:_ :

CUSTOM1 1 94.0 00:00:_

7-47-47-47-47-4


Type the number 30, then press «Proceed». The number will be enteredfor the seconds element, and the cursor will move back to the first digitfor the hours:

Editing a Slope StepTo edit a slope step you must retype both a sign (plus or minus) and anumber. Press «.» (the period key) to enter a plus sign and «-» (the hy-phen) to enter a negative sign. Press «Proceed» after entering the newslope step value.

CUSTOM1 1 94.0 00:00:30

8-18-18-18-18-1

Maintenance8

Cleaning the Chassis and Block.................... 8-2

Cleaning the Air Vents ................................. 8-2

Cleaning Radioactive or BiohazardousMaterials Out of the Block ............... 8-2

Changing the Fuses ..................................... 8-2

8-28-28-28-28-2


Cleaning the Chassis and BlockClean the outside of the PTC-100 with a damp, soft cloth or tissue when-ever something has been spilled on it or the chassis is dusty. A mild soapsolution may be used if needed.

Clean the block’s wells whenever anything is spilled into them or whenthe oil in them is discolored or contains particulate matter. It is particu-larly important to prevent the buildup of old, dirty oil, which will inter-fere with vessel seating and diminish thermal coupling of sample vesselsto the block.

Clean the wells with a swab moistened with water, 95% ethanol, or, if athorough cleaning is needed, a 1:100 dilution in water of 5.25% (0.7M) so-dium hypochlorite (household bleach). If using sodium hypochlorite, swabthe wells with water afterward to remove all traces of it. Do not clean theblock with caustic or strongly alkaline solutions (e.g., strong soaps, ammo-nia, sodium hypochlorite at a higher concentration than specified above).These can damage the block’s protective anodized coating.

Note: See appendix A for information on cleaning the 16 MS Slide Block.

Cleaning the Air VentsClean the air intake and exhaust vents with a soft-bristle brush, a dampcloth, or a vacuum cleaner whenever dust is visible in them. If these ventsbecome clogged with dust and debris, airflow to the PTC-100’s heat sinkis hampered, eventually causing overheating and shutdowns (see “AirSupply Requirements,” chapter 3).

Cleaning Radioactive or Biohazardous Materials Out ofthe Block

When cleaning machines that have been running radioactive orbiohazardous reactions, consult your institution’s radiation safety officeror biosafety officer regarding methods, monitoring, and disposal of con-taminated materials.

Changing the FusesThe circuits in the PTC-100 are protected by two fuses. When a fuse blows,the PTC-100 immediately shuts down and cannot be turned back on. The

8-38-38-38-38-3

Maintenance

machine records the event as a power loss, so if a protocol is runningwhen a fuse blows, the machine will resume the protocol run when thefuse is replaced and power restored (see “Resuming a Protocol after aPower Outage,” chapter 5).

Warning:Warning:Warning:Warning:Warning: The PTC-100 incorporates neutral fusing, which means thatlive power may still be available inside the unit even whena fuse has blown or been removed. Never open the PTC-100. You could receive a serious electrical shock. Openingthe unit will also void your warranty.

Follow this procedure to change a fuse:

1. Move the power switch to the “0” (off) position. Disconnect the powercord from the back of the machine.

2. Insert one corner of a small flat-head screwdriver into the slot at theleft side of the fuse block (fig. 8-1A). Gently pry the block loose, andpull it down and out. The fuses will be visible (fig. 8-1B).

3. Remove the fuses and examine them. A flat-head screwdriver may beused to pry the fuses loose, if necessary. A broken central wire or dark-ened glass indicates that a fuse has blown and should be replaced.

4. Gently press the fuse block back into place, and reconnect the powercord.

Figure 8-1 Changing a fuse.

A B

9-19-19-19-19-1

Troubleshooting9

Error Messages ........................................... 9-2

Problems Related to Protocols ..................... 9-3

Problems Related to MachinePerformance ................................... 9-5

9-29-29-29-29-2


Error Messages

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9-39-39-39-39-3

Troubleshooting

Problems Related to Protocols

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9-49-49-49-49-4



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9-59-59-59-59-5

Troubleshooting

Problems Related to Machine Performance


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IN-1IN-1IN-1IN-1IN-1

Index

AAAAAAccessories. See Probe, Slide GriddleAir supply requirements. See Setting up the

machine

BBBBBBlock control. See Temperature control methodsBlocks available. See Models available

CCCCCChart recorders, 5-8

sources of, 5-8Chill-out liquid wax, 4-5, 4-6Cleaning

air vents, 8-2radioactive materials, 4-16, 8-2biohazardous materials, 8-2chassis and block, 4-16, 8-2solutions to use, 4-16, 8-2

Condensation in tubes following holds, 4-7Control panel

keys, 4-2lights, 4-3

DDDDDDocumentation conventions, iv

EEEEEElectromagnetic interference statement, B-1End step, 6-2

entering, 6-10Error messages, 9-2Extend step, 6-2

entering, 6-8

FFFFFFactory-installed protocols, C-1FCC warning, B-2Fuses, changing, 8-2

GGGGGGoTo step, 6-2

entering, 6-6

HHHHHHot Bonnet, 4-6, 4-9, 4-10

adjusting lid pressure, 4-7beeping, 5-2

IIIIIImproving thermal contact. See Oil, using in

blockIncrement step, 6-2

entering, 6-7Instant incubations, running, 5-6

LLLLLLayout

16MS Slide Blockfront view, 2-6

cold lid modelsback view , 2-3control panel, 2-3front view, 2-2

Hot Bonnet modelsback view, 2-5front view, 2-4

LED bar graph, reading, 5-3Lid, opening and closing, 4-3


MiniCycler Operations Manual

MMMMMManually stepping programs. See Program-

ming, ProtocolsMenus

Enter Menu, 6-5Main Menu, 6-4Run-Enter Menu, 4-2

Microplates, 4-4polycarbonate, 4-4polypropylene, 4-4U-bottom PVC, 4-4

Microseal'A', 4-7'M', 4-7

Models available16MS Slide Block, 2-2cold lid, 2-2Hot Bonnet, 2-4

OOOOOOil, using in block, 4-9

amount to use, 4-9disadvantages, 4-9

PPPPPPacking list, 3-2Power supply requirements. See Setting up

the machinePrinting

log of running protocol, 5-6programs, 6-13temperature record for block, 5-8

Probe, 4-10adding oil, 4-11calibration, 4-12connecting to machine, 4-12customizing, 4-10description, 4-10loading into block, 4-12types of oil to use in, 4-11

Probe control. See Temperature control methodsProgramming

creating a program that requires manualstepping, 6-10

deleting an incomplete program, 6-12editing while, 6-11

entering stepsEnd step, 6-10extend step, 6-8GoTo step, 6-6increment step, 6-7slope step, 6-9temperature step, 6-5

indefinite holds, 6-10initiating a program, 6-4

Programsdeleting from memory, 6-12designing, 6-2

choosing a temperature control method. SeeTemperature control methods

translating a protocol into a program, 6-2using GoTo steps to shorten a program, 6-2

editing, 7-2changing temperatures or cycling values,

7-2changing time values, 7-3getting into Edit mode, 7-2slope steps, 7-4

listing steps on screen, 6-12naming, 6-5printing. See Printingprotecting against loss, 6-14types of steps, 6-2

Protocolsmanually stepping through, 5-4pausing while running, 5-4problems with, 9-3protocol completion screen, reading, 5-4reading LED bar graph while running, 5-3reading runtime screen, 5-3resuming after power outage, 5-5running, 5-2 under probe control, 4-12, 5-2stopping, 5-5

RRRRRRamping speed, 6-10Runtime screen, reading, 5-3

SSSSSSafe use guidelines, B-1Safety warnings, 8-3, B-1


Index

Sample vesselsloading into block, 4-8. See also 16MS Slide

Blocksealing, 4-5

16MS Slide Block, 4-5with Hot Bonnet and caps/film, 4-6with oil or wax, 4-5

selecting0.2ml tubes, 4-30.5ml tubes, 4-3microplates, 4-4

thin-walled vs. thick-walled tubes, 4-5Self-test, 4-2Setting up the machine, 3-2

air supply requirements, 3-3environmental requirements, 3-2power supply requirements, 3-3

Shipping instructions, D-116MS Slide Block

cleaning, A-3description, A-1loading sample vessels into block, A-2preparing and sealing sample vessels, A-1programming, A-2selecting sample vessels, A-1

Slide Griddle, 4-10Slope step, 6-2

entering, 6-9Specifications, 2-8Sponge rubber pad, 4-9

TTTTTTemperature control methods

block control, 6-3probe control, 4-10, 6-3

Temperature step, 6-2entering, 6-5

Thin-walled tubes, advantages of. See Samplevessels: Thin-walled vs. thick-walledtubes

Troubleshootingerror messages, 9-2problems with machine performance, 9-5problems with protocols, 9-3

Turning the machine on, 4-2

Appendix AAppendix AAppendix AAppendix AAppendix A

The 16MS Slide Block

Description of the 16MS Slide BlockThe 16MS Slide Block can thermally cycle slides and tubes. The block consists of a vertical metalrack holding up to 16 standard 25 x 75mm slides (see fig. 2-6). Four removable thin plastic rods areinserted into holes drilled along the back of the rack. These rods prevent loaded slides from slip-ping out the back side of the block. Slides heat and cool uniformly as long as there is completecontact between their bottoms and the metal slots and the block’s lid is in place.

The block can also hold 24 x 0.2ml tubes, in holes drilled into the block. This feature is useful foroptimizing primers and temperatures and running control reactions for reactions run on slides.

A wide variety of reactions done on slides may be run in the 16MS Slide Block, such as PRINS, RT-PRINS, in situ PCR* and RT-PCR, and immunohistochemical procedures. Using Frame-Seal incu-bation chambers to control evaporation, the slide block also may be used for precise thermal con-trol of in situ hybridizations.

Operating the 16MS Slide BlockSelecting the Correct Sample VesselSuitable slides can be made of any thermally conductive material and be any shape as long asthe finished slide fits in the block’s slots. See “Selecting the Correct Sample Vessel,” chapter4, to select tubes.

Preparing and Sealing Sample Vessels

Slides

To ensure that all samples reach the same temperatures during thermal cycling, the bottoms ofloaded slides must be in complete contact with the slots that they rest on. Do not use any slidepreparation method that would interfere with this, such as clips that extend under the slide.

Do not use mineral oil under the slides to enhance thermal contact. This is unnecessary, and the oilis difficult to completely clean off, eventually making the slots sticky.

Use special care in sealing cover glasses or the edges of two-slide preparations (i.e., where a slideis being used as a cover glass) with such sealers as nail polish or rubber cement. Allow the sealerto completely dry before loading slides into slots, to avoid getting sealer on the surface of the slots

A-1A-1A-1A-1A-1

Appendix A


(especially a problem with two-slide preparations). Keep the bottoms of slides free of sealer, toavoid interposing anything between the slides and the bottom of the slide slots.

Self-Seal reagent and Frame-Seal incubation chambers, available from MJ RESEARCH, are two con-venient and effective alternatives to messy and time-consuming slide sealing methods. Other ap-proaches to slide sealing are possible; contact MJ RESEARCH for more information.

Tubes

Since the 16MS Slide Block does not have a heated lid, tube reactions require an oil overlay.

Loading Sample Vessels into the Block

Slides

Follow this procedure to load slides into the 16MS Slide Block:

1. Inspect the block to ensure that its slots are clean and free of oil (see below for cleaning in-structions).

2. Close off the back end of the block by inserting the small plastic rods into their holes (see fig.2-6). This will keep the slides within their slots during loading.

3. Place slides in slots. Avoid dislodging unsealed cover glasses or the top slides in two-slidepreparations. Using a forceps can make it easier to load slides

Make sure all slides are lying flat in their slots. Remove slides that are not lying flat, clean off orremove whatever is interfering with the slides’ seating, and re-load the slides into the block.

4. Place the removable lid over the block, to ensure that samples heat and cool uniformly.

Tubes

See “Loading Sample Vessels,” chapter 4, for instructions on loading and thermally coupling tubesto the 16MS Slide Block. Place the removable lid over the block after tubes have been loaded, toensure even heating and cooling of the tubes.

Programming the 16MS Slide BlockWhen designing protocols for the 16MS Slide Block, remember that temperature steps must belong enough to allow for the time required to heat the slide from the bottom to the top, where thereactants lie. All temperature steps should be made at least 20 seconds long for all new protocols.This length of time is sufficient to heat a typical glass slide. Once a protocol has been confirmed towork, you may empirically test shorter temperature steps.

All programs for the 16MS Slide Block must be run under block control, as a probe is not availablefor this machine.

A-2A-2A-2A-2A-2

Maintaining the 16MS Slide BlockClean the 16MS Slide Block with a mild soap solution, water-based laboratory cleaner, or ethanol(95%) and a soft cloth. Avoid strongly alkaline cleaners and chlorinated solvents. Do not immersethe block in water.

Remove extraneous materials from slide slots with a long-handled cotton swab, small glasswarecleaning brush, or tongue depressor wrapped in laboratory tissue. Pay particular attention to clean-ing the bottoms of slots. Remove nail polish from slots with acetone.

A-3A-3A-3A-3A-3

Appendix A


Warning: Operating the PTC-100 before reading this manual can constitute a personal injuryhazard. Only qualified laboratory personnel trained in the safe use of electricalequipment should operate this machine.

Warning: Do not open or attempt to repair the PTC-100 or any accessory to the PTC-100.Doing so will void your warranties and can put you at risk for electrical shock.Return the PTC-100 to the factory (US customers) or an authorized distributor (allother customers) if repairs are needed.

Warning: The PTC-100 block can become hot enough during the course of normal operationto cause burns or cause liquids to boil explosively. Wear safety goggles or othereye protection at all times during operation.

Warning: The PTC-100 incorporates neutral fusing, which means that live power may stillbe available inside the unit even when the fuse has blown or been removed. Neveropen the PTC-100; you could receive a serious electrical shock. Opening the unitwill also void your warranties.

Safe Use GuidelinesThe PTC-100 is designed to be safe to operate under the following conditions:

• Indoor use

• Altitude up to 2000m

• Ambient temperature 4–32°C

• Humidity 10–90%, noncondensing

• Transient overvoltage per Installation Category II, IEC 664

• Pollution degree 2, in accordance with IEC 664

• Installation category II

Electromagnetic InterferenceThe PTC-100 has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device,pursuant to part 15 of the US FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide a reasonable protec-

Appendix BAppendix BAppendix BAppendix BAppendix B

Safety Warnings

B-1B-1B-1B-1B-1

tion against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment.This machine generates, uses, and can radiate radiofrequency energy and, if not installed and used inaccordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications.Operation of this machine in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference, in which case theuser will be required to correct the interference at his or her own expense.

In addition, the PTC-100 design has been tested and found to comply with the EMC standards foremissions and susceptibility established by the European Union at time of manufacture.

FCC WarningChanges or modifications to the PTC-100 not expressly approved by the party responsible forcompliance could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.

B-2B-2B-2B-2B-2

Appendix B


Appendix CAppendix CAppendix CAppendix CAppendix C

Factory-Installed Protocols

C-1C-1C-1C-1C-1

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PETS-2 1 03:00:0,°29

2 03:10:0,°56

3 semit92,1petsoToG

4 00:50:0,°57

PETS-3 1 )ylnoelcyctsrif(00:10:0,°49

2 03:00:0,°29

3 03:00:0,°06

4 03:10:0,°57

5 semit92,2petsoToG

6 00:50:0,°57

7 )dlohetinifedni(00:00:0,°4

DNETXE 1 03:00:0,°29

2 elcyc/ces1+04:00:0,°56

3 semit92,1petsoToG

NWDHCUOT 1 )ylnoelcyctsrif(00:10:0,°49

2 03:00:0,°29

3 elcyc/°5.0–04:00:0,°07

4 semit91,2petsoToG

5 03:00:0,°29

6 elcyc/ces1+04:00:0,°06

7 semit91,5petsoToG

EBORP 1 10:00:0,°292 54:00:0,°863 semit42,1petsoToG4 00:50:0,°57

(Continued)

C-2C-2C-2C-2C-2

Appendix C

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TEKUBECI 1 00:00:0,°4

NOITAGIL 1 00:00:0,°51

RH1-°73 2 00:00:1,°73

3 00:00:0,°4

RH6-°73 1 00:00:6,°73

2 00:00:0,°4

°56 1 00:00:0,°56

ERUTANED 1 00:50:0,°59

LIOB 1 00:50:0,°001

LLIK&TUC 1 00:00:1,°732 00:50:0,°07


Appendix DAppendix DAppendix DAppendix DAppendix D

Warranties

D-1D-1D-1D-1D-1

U.S. Domestic Warranty, StandardMJ RESEARCH, INC. warrants new MJ RESEARCH brand thermal cyclers (Models PTC-100, PTC-150,PTC-200 & PTC-225) against defects in material and workmanship for a period of two years fromthe date of purchase. If a defect is discovered, MJ RESEARCH, INC. will, at its option, repair, replace,or refund the purchase price of the thermal cycler at no charge to the customer, provided theproduct is returned to MJ RESEARCH, INC. within the warranty period. In no event will MJ RESEARCH,INC. be responsible for damage resulting from accident, abuse, misuses, or inadequate packagingof returned goods.

Any implied warranties, including implied warranties of the merchantability and fitness for aparticular purpose, are limited in duration to two years from the date of original retail purchase ofthis product.

The warranty and remedies set forth above are exclusive and in lieu of all others, oral or written,expressed or implied. No MJ RESEARCH dealer, agent, or employee is authorized to make any modi-fication, addition, or extension to this warranty, except in the form of the extended warranty out-lined below.

MJ RESEARCH, INC. is not responsible for special, incidental, or consequential damages resultingfrom any breach of warranty, or under any other legal theory, including downtime, lost samples orexperiments, lost reagents, lost profits, goodwill, damage to or replacement of equipment, prop-erty, and any costs of recovering or reproducing experimental results and data.

Exclusions: This warranty applies only to machines sold in the U.S.A. Under no circumstance will MJRESEARCH ship a repaired or replaced machine, or grant a refund of purchase price, to a user in a nationin which there was an authorized MJ RESEARCH distributor at the time of purchase. This warranty is nottransferable from the original purchaser to a subsequent owner. Furthermore, this warranty does notapply to instruments used outside the U.S.A., except when expressly authorized in writing by MJRESEARCH, INC.

U.S. Domestic Extended Warranty, OptionalMJ RESEARCH, INC. will offer to each original purchaser of an MJ RESEARCH brand thermal cycler theopportunity to purchase an extension of the warranty coverage explained above for an additionaltwo years. The coverage must be purchased through a purchase order received by MJ RESEARCH,INC. within 30 days of receipt of the offer of extended warranty or the offer to renew the extendedwarranty. These offers apply only to machines sold and used in the U.S.A.

Appendix D

D-2D-2D-2D-2D-2

Some states of the U.S.A. do not allow the exclusion or limitation of incidental or consequentialdamages or limitations on how long an implied warranty lasts, so the above limitation or exclu-sion may not apply to you. This warranty gives you specific legal rights. You may also have otherrights depending upon your state of residence.

All provisions of this warranty are voided if the product is resold, repaired, or modified by any-one other than MJ RESEARCH or an authorized distributor.


Users residing in the United States should follow these instructions for shipping a machine to MJRESEARCH for factory repair or an upgrade. Users outside of the United States should send ma-chines to their distributor, in accordance with shipping instructions obtained from the distributor.

1. Call MJ RESEARCH to obtain a return materials authorization (RMA) number. Machines returnedwithout an RMA number will be refused by the Receiving Department.

2. Thoroughly clean the machine, removing excess oil and radioactive and other biohazardoussubstances. To protect the health of our employees, MJ RESEARCH will not repair or upgradeany machine that is excessively oily or that emits ionizing radiation upon arrival at our fac-tory. PLEASE ELIMINATE ALL BIOHAZARDS!

3. Pack the machine in its original packaging. If this has been misplaced or discarded, call MJRESEARCH to request shipment of packaging materials. You can also request a loaner machine,which will be provided if available (a rental fee may apply). You can use the loaner’s packag-ing to return the machine needing repair.

4. Write the RMA number on the outside of the box.

5. Ship the machine (freight prepaid) to the following address. We recommend you purchaseinsurance from your shipper.

Ship to: Repair DepartmentMJ Research, Inc.136 Coolidge Ave.Watertown, MA 02172

Shipping Instructions for USResidents

Appendix EAppendix EAppendix EAppendix EAppendix E

E-1E-1E-1E-1E-1

Documents

PTC-100 Operations Manualpolyp.biochem.uci.edu/wiki/images/8/8f/PTC-100_Manual.pdfPTC-100 Operations Manual Meet the PTC-100 Thank you for purchasing an MJ RESEARCH PTC-100 thermal