Public Disclosure Authorized · 2016-07-11 · BEPZA - Bangladesh Export Processing Zone Authority BMD - Bangladesh Meteorology Department BNBC - Bangladesh National Building Code

EA for NARI Project

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EA for NARI Project

International Finance Corporation, World Bank Group Page | ii

TABLE OF CONTENTS

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................... 1

1 Introduction ........................................................................................................... 1

2 Legislative Considerations ........................................................................................ 1

3 Description of Project .............................................................................................. 1

4 Description of Environment ...................................................................................... 2

5 Identification and Assessment of Potential Impacts ........................................................ 5

6 Environmental Management Plan ............................................................................... 7

6.1 Possible Mitigation Measures ............................................................................. 7

6.2 Environmental Monitoring Plan ........................................................................... 8

6.3 Institutional Arrangements and Capacity Development ............................................. 8

6.4 Environmental Monitoring Cost ........................................................................... 8

7 Analysis of Alternatives ............................................................................................ 8

8 Public Consultation ................................................................................................. 8

9 Conclusions .......................................................................................................... 9

1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................. 10

1.1 Background ................................................................................................. 10

1.2 Objectives ................................................................................................... 12

1.3 Scope of Works ............................................................................................ 12

1.4 Methodology ................................................................................................ 12

1.4.1 General ...................................................................................................... 12

1.4.2 Baseline Data/Information Collection .................................................................. 13

1.4.3 Secondary Data ............................................................................................ 13

1.4.4 Primary Data Collection .................................................................................. 13

1.4.5 Public Consultations ...................................................................................... 14

1.4.6 Identification of Potential Environmental Impacts and Assessment ............................. 15

2 ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK ................... 16

2.1 GoB Environmental Policy, Regulations, and Guidelines ................................................ 16

2.1.1 National Environmental Policy, 1992 .................................................................. 16

2.1.2 National Environment Management Action Plan, 1995 ............................................ 16

2.1.3 Environment Conservation Act, 1995 ................................................................. 17

2.1.4 Environment Conservation Rules, 1997 .............................................................. 17

2.1.5 The EIA Guidelines for Industry, 1997 ................................................................ 17

2.1.6 Relevant Other National Polices........................................................................ 18

2.2 World Bank Environmental Policies ........................................................................... 19

2.2.1 Environmental Assessment (OP/BP/GP 4.01) ...................................................... 19

2.2.2 Environmental Health and Safety Guidelines ........................................................ 19

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3. PROJECT DESCRIPTION ..................................................................................... 20

3.1 Type of the Project................................................................................................ 20

3.2 Location of the DTC Sites ....................................................................................... 20

3.3 Description of the DTC Sites ................................................................................... 21

3.3.1 DTC Site of DEPZ ......................................................................................... 21

3.3.2 DTC of IEPZ .............................................................................................. 25

3.3.3 DTC of KEPZ ............................................................................................... 30

3.4 Project Components .............................................................................................. 31

3.5 Project Activities ................................................................................................... 35

3.6 The DTC Planning and Design Norms ....................................................................... 36

3.7 Implementation Schedule ....................................................................................... 36

3.8 Materials Used for Construction ............................................................................... 36

4 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT ................................................................. 38

4.1 General.............................................................................................................. 38

4.2 DTC of DEPZ ...................................................................................................... 38

4.2.1 Project Influence Area .................................................................................... 38

4.2.2 Physical Environment ..................................................................................... 39

4.2.3 Biological Environment ................................................................................... 48

4.2.4 Socio-Economic Environment ........................................................................... 50

4.2.5 Environmental Risks ...................................................................................... 52

4.3 DTC of IEPZ ....................................................................................................... 56




4.3.4 Socio-Economic Environment ........................................................................... 66


4.4 DTC of KEPZ ...................................................................................................... 69




4.4.4 Socio Economic Environment ........................................................................... 80


5 IDENTIFICATION AND ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ....................... 83

5.1 Identification of Potential Impacts ............................................................................. 83

5.2 DTC of DEPZ ...................................................................................................... 83

5.2.1 Impacts during Pre-Construction ....................................................................... 83

5.2.2 Impacts during Construction ............................................................................ 83

5.2.3 Impacts during Operation ................................................................................ 85

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5.3 DTC of IEPZ ....................................................................................................... 87




5.4 DTC Site of KEPZ ................................................................................................ 90




6 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ................................................................ 95

6.1 Objectives .......................................................................................................... 95

6.2 Possible Mitigation Measures .................................................................................. 96

6.2.1.1 Environmental Monitoring Plan ....................................................................... 109

6.2.1.2 Institutional Arrangement and Capacity Development ........................................... 114

6.2.1.3 Environmental Monitoring Cost ....................................................................... 121

6.2.2.1 Environmental Monitoring Plan ....................................................................... 135


6.2.2.3 Environmental Monitoring Cost ....................................................................... 145

6.2.4 Environmental Monitoring Plan ....................................................................... 159


6.2.5 Environmental Monitoring Cost ....................................................................... 168

7 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES ........................................................................... 169

7.1 The No Build Scenario ......................................................................................... 169

7.2 Consideration of Alternatives ................................................................................. 169

8 PUBLIC CONSULTATIONS ................................................................................. 170

8.1 General Consideration ......................................................................................... 170

8.2 Focus Group Discussion ...................................................................................... 170

8.3 Stakeholder Consultations .................................................................................... 175

8.3.1 Mitigation and Management of Key Stakeholder Concerns ............................................ 177

8.4 Individual Interviews ............................................................................................ 177

8.4.1 DTC of DEPZ .................................................................................................... 177

8.4.2 DTC of IEPZ ..................................................................................................... 178

8.4.3 DTC of KEPZ .................................................................................................... 178

9 CONCLUSIONS ................................................................................................ 180

REFERENCES ....................................................................................................... 182

ANNEXES

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1. Training Centre (Ground Floor Plan)

2. Dormitory Centre (Ground Floor Plan)

3. Checklist for Identification of Potential Impacts of the Proposed DTC Site

4. Photographs of FGDs for DTC of DEPZ

5. Photographs of FGDs for DTC of IEPZ

6. Photographs of FGDs for DTC of KEPZ

7. List of the Participants of the FGD

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ABBREVIATIONS

BARC - Bangladesh Agricultural Research Centre

BBS - Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics

BEPZA - Bangladesh Export Processing Zone Authority

BMD - Bangladesh Meteorology Department

BNBC - Bangladesh National Building Code

BOD - Biochemical Oxygen Demand

BUET - Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology

BWDB - Bangladesh Water Development Board

COD - Chemical Oxygen Demand

CWASA - Chittagong Water Supply and Sanitation Authority

DAE - Department of Agricultural Extension

DEPZ - Dhaka Export Processing Zone

DO - Dissolve Oxygen

DoE - Department of Environment

DoF - Department of Fisheries

DPHE - Department of Public Health Engineering

DTC - Dormitory and Training Centre

DTW - Deep Tube-well

DTW - Deep Tube-well

EA - Environmental Assessment

ECA - Environmental Conservation Act

ECL - Eastern Cables Ltd

ECL - Enviro-Consultants Ltd.

ECR - Environmental Conservation Rules

EIA - Environmental Impact Assessment

EMP - Environmental Management Plan

EMP - Environmental Management Plan

EPZ - Export Processing Zone

EQS - Environmental Quality Survey

FD - Forest Department

FGD - Focus Group Discussions

FGD - Focus Group Discussion

GEM - General Electric manufacturing Company Ltd

GOB - Government of People‟s Republic of Bangladesh

HBB - Haring Bone Road (Brick Placing Road)

HCBL - Heidelberg Corporation Ltd

IEE - Initial Environmental Examination

IEPZ - Ishwardi Export Processing Zone

IFC - International Finance Corporation

KEPZ - Karnaphuli Export Processing Zone

Kg - Kilogram

LA - Land Acquisition

LGED - Local Government Engineering Department

MCS - Medway Consultants Services

MP - Environmental Monitoring Plan

MT - Metric Ton

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NARI - Northern Poverty Reduction Initiative

NEMAP - National Environmental Management Action Plan, 1992

NGO - Non Government Organization

PAP - Project Affected Person

PCU - Project Coordination Unit

PDB - Power Development Board

PIU - Project Implementation Unit

PWD - Public Works Datum

REB - Rural Electrification Board

RHD - Roads and Highway Department

ROW - Right of Way

RPF - Resettlement Policy Framework

SIA - Social Impact Assessment

SUB - State University of Bangladesh

TC - Training Centre

TDS - Total Dissolve Solids

TOR - Terms of Reference

TSP - Triple Super Phosphate Company Ltd

TSS - Total Suspended Solids

UZ - Upazila (Smaller secondary town)

WB - World Bank

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1 Introduction

The Bangladesh Export Processing Zone Authority (BEPZA) will construct multi-storey dormitory (4 stories)

and training centre (2 stories) (DTC) under NARI project for incoming poor and vulnerable female workers in

or nearby their Export Processing Zone (EPZ) in Dhaka, Pabna and Chittagong Districts with the financial

assistance of the World Bank (WB). Construction of DTC buildings along with other facilities in the DTC sites

of DEPZ, KEPZ and IEPZ involve a considerable amount of construction activities which have both negative

and positive impacts on environment. According to WB guidelines, this project is considered as “Category B”

but as per Department of Environment (DOE), Government of Bangladesh (GOB) guidelines, this project is

under “Category Orange B”. However to minimize environmental impacts and as per requirement of the WB,

Environmental Assessment (EA) is needed to be carried to make the project environmentally sound and

sustainable. The EA has been carried out for the project following the steps as given below:

Review of relevant documents;

Environmental requirements of WB and GOB;

Collection and analysis of baseline information on environment;

Public consultations (such as Stakeholders, Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) and individual

interviews); and

Identification/screening of potential environmental impacts using a checklist.

The baseline data/information on physical biological and socio-economical has been gathered through

secondary and primary sources including extensive public consultations.

2 Legislative Considerations

Regulatory requirements toward protection and conservation of environment have been enunciated by the

GOB as well as the WB and pertinent policies and regulations among these requirements are summarized as

under:

GOB Environmental Policy, Regulations, and Guidelines;

National Environmental Policy, 1992;

National Environment Management Action Plan, 1995;

Environment Conservation Act, 1995;

Environment Conservation Rules, 1997;

The EIA Guidelines for Industry, 1997;

Relevant Other National Polices;

Bangladesh Labor Law, 2006;

Environmental Assessment (OP/BP/GP 4.01); and

Environmental Health and Safety Guidelines of WB.

3 Description of Project

The proposed DTC site of DEPZ is located at about 2km far away from the DEPZ (nearby Vadail Bazar) at

Village: Vadail, Union: Dhamshona, UZ: Savar and District: Dhaka, the proposed DTC of IEPZ is located at

Village: Civilhat , Union: Sara, UZ: Ishwardi and District: Pabna and the proposed DTC site of KEPZ is located

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at about 1km far away from the KEPZ and 0.5km far away from the north Patenga sea shore at Village:

Khejurtola, Ward: 40, Thana: Patenga and District: Chittagong. Total land area of each DTC site is about 5

acres (20,243 sq.m) and is empty without any structures. The owner of the land is the EPZ authority.

The project components are as follows:

Training centre building (1 no. 2 stories building at each DTC site);

Dormitory building (1 no. 3 stories building at each DTC site);

Play ground for outdoor games (badminton, etc.);

Internal road access;

Water supply;

Electricity;

Gas;

Telephone;

Drainage facilities;

Landscape/tree plantation;

Solid waste management,

Vehicle parking;

Waste dumping area,

Security; and

RCC or brick concrete boundary fence (for DTC of KEPZ and IEPZ).

4 Description of Environment

The baseline data/information has been gathered for the following environmental components:

Physical;

Biological;

Socio-economical; and

Environmental risks.

Primary data related to the environmental attributes like air, noise level, soil and water quality have been

collected through field sources. Other environmental data/information has been gathered from secondary/

field sources.

a) DTC of DEPZ

Physical Environment:

DTC of DEPZ occupies the Dhamshona Union, Savar Upazila under Dhaka District. Land use in the

immediate vicinity is mainly semi-urban. The land in the Savar Upazila is composed of alluvium soil of the

Pleistocene period. The values of heavy metals, i.e. Hg, Zn, As and Pb are well within the permissible limits

as compared to EU Directives 86/278/EEC for land application. The soil samples tested were free from

mercury and arsenic as there is no industries within the project impact area (PIA), which discharges such

chemicals.

The project area is located within the south-central zone where rainfall is above 1,900mm and temperature

range is mild. According to the ambient air quality test results, the value of Suspended Particulate Matter

(SPM) is currently higher than the standard limit of ECR‟97 of DOE. It could be the resultant of the

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surrounding semi-urban condition and high road dust during dry season. However, SOx and NOx are well

within the permissible limits as compared to ECR‟95 of GOB. The ambient noise level found in the area is

higher than the standard limit of ECR‟97 (subsequent amendment in 2006). There are no surface water

resources in the PIA area of the DEPZ. And the concentration levels of pH, Alkalanity, Manganese (Mn),

Arsenic (As), Iron (Fe), Ammonium Nitrate, Total Hardness, Chloride, Fecal Coliform (FC) and Total Coliform

(TC) for tube well water were found within the acceptable limits set by the DOE, GoB for drinking water.

Like most other rural areas in Bangladesh, there is no structured drainage system in the project area. During

monsoon sewage and domestic waste water of the project areas are drained out through the „road side‟,

which merge with low laying areas.

Road network in the vicinity of DTC site of DEPZ is quite complex. There are two major access roads to the

DTC area from two different highways, namely Jamuna Access Road and Bipile – Ashulia Road. The DTC

area is connected by about 2.0 km long 1st access LGED road (5.0-6.5m wide,) with Jamuna Access Road (4

lane, 36 m wide) where DEPZ and extension of DEPZ exist. This bituminous carpeting cum HBB access road

starts from the EPZ bus stand of Jamuna Access Road. The second access road starts from the Ashulia –

Bipile Highway at Jamgora Market and its length and average width are about 3km and 6m respectively. This

access road is mix of HBB, bituminous carpeting and earth. Both the roads are not structurally sound.

Therefore LGED has started improvements to these access roads. No LA is required for access road

improvements. Although the entire second access road is zigzag in shape, trucks move along this road

frequently during day and night. Traffic on both the accesses includes trucks, rickshaws, vans, cycles and

cars. Traffic on the 1st access road is relatively more than the traffic on the 2nd access road as the condition

of the 1st access road is better and the distance required to travel is shorter.

Biological Environment

There are homestead forests around the settlements in the PIA and major species found are Mango,

Jackfruit, Coconut, and Banana. There are some woodland dependent wildlife species found in the area. The

proposed DTC site does not fall under the jurisdiction of any of the protected or sensitive areas in

Bangladesh.

Environmental Risks

The project site is located on the highland of Bangladesh and the area is virtually free from floods even during

high flood events. The project area falls within Zone II, which is comprised of the middle regions of

Bangladesh, and is within moderately seismically active region in the country. The site is located in a cyclone

and storm surges free zone.

b) DTC of IEPZ:

Physical Environment

The project influence area is rural and sparsely populated. It is part of the Pakshi Union, Ishwardi Upazilla

under Pabna District. The area comprises the eastern half of the Ganges River Floodplain. Soil of the region

is silt loams and silty clay loams on the ridges and silty clay loam to heavy clays on lower sites.

The project area is situated within the north-western zone where rainfall is low. From the test results, it was

concluded that the SPM level, SOx and NOX levels are below the standard value of ECR‟97 of DoE. The noise

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level inside the proposed DTC site of IEPZ was found to be 53.8 dB(A), 52.5 dB(A), 50.9 dB(A) and 54.7dB(A)

in the North, South, West and East side boundaries respectively, which are below the Bangladesh

Environmental Quality Standards {ECR‟97 55 dB(A)}. In the mixed landuse area the noise level is slightly

higher. There is a pond (area=290mx190m and depth=5m) just adjacent to the proposed site (15 m away).

The pond is mainly used for fish culture. This pond is inside the IEPZ residential area. The water quality of the

pond water is found to be good for fish culture. Ground water concentration levels of pH, Alkalinity, Mn, As,

Fe, Ammonium Nitrate, Total Hardness, Chloride, FC and TC for tube well use were found within acceptable

limits.

The proposed site for the DTC is located at north side of the residential area of the IEPZ within the Village:

Civil‐hat and Saraghat in UZ: Ishwardi under District: Pabna. The DTC site is connected with the Ishwardi-

Pakshi National Highway by about 8m wide and about 4km long District Road under RHD. Bituminous

pavement needs to be reconstructed for this District Road. The present traffic on this road is due to trucks,

cars, tempo, rickshaws, rickshaw vans, cycle and motorcycles. No traffic jams were observed during the field

visits. The LGED, HBB road cum railway embankment (access road of DTC) runs from the District Road at

north and west sides of the DTC site and connects with the DTC site. The length and width of this access

road portion are about 0.5 km and 4.5m respectively. This HBB road has been damaged due to movement of

heavy loaded trucks carrying sand from the Ganges River which also needs to be improved. The IEPZ

authority is planning to improve this road prior to commencement of DTC construction. No LA is required for

access road improvement. Presently, there is no entry gate other than main gate of the residential area of the

IEPZ. .An earthen drainage canal runs parallel to the LGED road and boundary wall of the DTC site. A 3x2 m

existing box culvert (BC) is located on the LGED road cum rail embankment. Storm water from the residential

area of IEPZ including DTC area is draining through the canal and culvert. A 1.5mx1.5m BC on the earth

drainage canal in front of the proposed entry gate also needs to be constructed to connect the DTC site with

the access road cum rail embankment and will act as entry access for the DTC site.


The status of the flora and fauna of the PIA has been determined by specific assessment of both the

terrestrial and aquatic environments, review of literature relevant to the location, and identification of species

through primary (transit walk, interviews) and secondary sources. No threatened species were found to be

residing in the area.

c) DTC of KEPZ

Physical Environment

The project influence area consists of a semi urban and densely populated area in the east and south, and

agricultural land and sea shore towards the west and agricultural land at the north. It is situated within the

Ward No-40 under Patenga Thana in Chittagong District. Based on the findings of the soil quality results, it

was concluded that the quality of soil in the project site is quite good for construction of the buildings. The

values of heavy metals, i.e. Hg, Zn, As and Pb are well within the permissible limits.

The climate of the project area is sub- tropical with hot and humid pre-monsoon from March to mid May, a

prolonged southwest monsoon or rainy season from mid May to September. From the test results, it was

concluded that the SPM level, SOx and NOX levels are below the standard value of ECR‟97 of DoE. The noise

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level was found in the proposed DTC area of KEPZ is slightly high because of the surrounding colony. In the

mixed landuse zone, the noise level is higher than the standard of DOE guideline.

There is no surface water resource in the PIA of the site. . Ground water is a major issue in the proposed DTC

area of KEPZ. The ground water level is shallow (25-40 feet) but the water contains high salinity and iron

which are above the limits of drinking water quality standards of DoE.

Zoutho Abashik Colony Road is the best access road to the project site due to its relatively good condition

and shorter distance of travel to key areas. It is a bituminous paved road. The access road is about 1 Km long

and 7.0 m wide. The road connects to the Patenga road in the east at Mohajonghata and ends at CDDL

colony in the west. At the end of this road, there is a brick wall across the access road which blocks the road.

This brick wall needs to be dismantled to connect the DTC site with the Patenga road and from this brick wall

about 150m new paved access road needs to be constructed to reach the proposed building site for which no

LA is required, as it is KEPZ land. The road currently used by rickshaws, bicycles, motorcycles, and staff

buses. Traffic jams were not observed on this road. Access road-side infrastructure includes houses, small

shops, offices, school, mosques, trees, concrete boundary walls, etc.


The status of the biological resources of the project area was determined by field assessment of both the


through primary (transit walk, interviews) and secondary sources. No threatened species were found to be

residing in the area.

5 Identification and Assessment of Potential Impacts

The primary function of this environmental assessment study is to predict and quantify the magnitude of

impacts, evaluate and assess the importance of the identified changes, and formulate plans to monitor and

mitigate the actual changes caused due to the execution of the project. Environmental impacts could be

positive or negative, direct or indirect, short term, long term, reversible or irreversible.

Impacts Identification: The potential impacts of the project on the environment can be in different phases of

project cycle, viz. pre-construction, construction and operation. The type and magnitude of the impacts

however depend on the specific attributes of the given environment.

Key identified potential impacts and their significance is summarized in the table below.

Issue Potential Environmental Impacts

Pre-Construction Stage (Site Specific )

Design of project facilities Improper design of project facilities will lead to environmental degradation

Utilities (electricity) in DEPZ

In the DTC of DEPZ area, REB electric line passes over the site

Access road facilities for IEPZ

No entry gate to the proposed DTC site of IEPZ area which will hamper the movement of construction vehicles and construction workers

Tree in KEPZ The Reduction of the tree cover from the DTC site

Utilities (water supply) for DEPZ

The ground water quality of DTC area of KEPZ is saline which will hamper construction work

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Access road for KEPZ Blocked brick wall across the access road to the side access

Construction Stage ( Common for all 3 Sites)

Air and dust pollution

Construction vehicular traffic: Air quality can be affected from vehicle exhaust emissions and combustion of fuels;

Construction machinery: Air quality can be adversely affected from emissions of machinery and combustion of fuels;

Construction activities: Dust generation from construction sites, material stockpiles and access roads poluuting the environment and can be a health hazard;

Noise pollution

Construction vehicular traffic: Noise quality will be deteriorated due to increased vehicular traffic;

Construction machinery: Noise and vibration may have an impact on people, property, fauna, livestock; and

Construction activity: Noise and vibration may have an impact on people, property, fauna, livestock and the natural environment.

Sewage pollution/ sanitation hazard

Lack of proper sanitation facilities will increase pressure on health hazards.

Solid and water pollution

Soil and water pollution due to improper management of wastes and excess material from the construction sites; and

Landscape Construction activities especially earthworks will change topography and

disturb the natural rainwater drainage as well as will change the local landscape.

Access road facilities/ traffic congestion

Construction vehicular traffic: Increased traffic use of narrow access road by construction vehicles will affect the movement of normal road traffic and the safety of the road-users.

Liquid/ hazardous waste management

Fuels and hazardous goods: improper storage and handling of fuels, lubricants, chemicals and hazardous goods/materials on-site, and potential spills may harm the environment or health of construction workers.

Construction camp management

Siting and Location of construction camps: impacts such as health and safety hazards on local resources and infrastructure of nearby communities.

Construction Camp Facilities: Lack of proper infrastructure facilities , such as housing, water supply and sanitation facilities will increase pressure on the local services and generate substandard living conditions and health hazards;

Disposal of waste: Improper management of waste can become heath hazards to the workers and the surrounding communities;

Health and Hygiene: There will be a potential for diseases to be transmitted including malaria, exacerbated by inadequate health and safety practices. There will be an increased risk of work crews spreading sexually transmitted diseases such as HIV/AIDS; and

Safety: Inadequate safety facilities to the construction camps may create security problems and fire hazards.

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Occupational health and safety

Issues related to the use of Child and pregnant labor;

Accidents: Lack of first aid facilities and health care facilities in the immediate vicinity will aggravate the health conditions of the victims;

Construction Camps: lack of proper infrastructure facilities, such as housing, water supply and sanitation facilities will increase pressure on the local services and generate substandard living standards and health hazards;

Water and sanitation facilities at the construction sites: lack of Water sanitation facilities at construction sites causing inconvenience to the construction workers and affect their personal hygiene;

Trainings: lack of awareness and basic knowledge in health care among the construction workforce, make them susceptible to potential diseases.

Operational Stage (Common for all 3 Sites)

Drainage congestion Local drainage system may get clogged due to improper management of Solid waste, sewerage and other dust and materials

Solid waste generation and disposal

Air and soil pollutions and will affect H&S of female workers;

Cause diseases;

Public health, reduction of aesthetic value and odour; and

Disease vector proliferation and sanitary problems.

Sewage waste Prohibition of water uses for intended purposes; and

Causes water borne diseases.

Occupational health and safety of the trainer, trainee and other management Staff

Female trainers may face OHS related problems.

6 Environmental Management Plan

6.1 Possible Mitigation Measures

To avoid and minimize the impacts resulting from the activities of the project, measures and management

plans, which are essential to mitigate the impacts discussed above, have been proposed. These are based

upon appropriate technical design, improvements or adjustments, and policy initiatives including good site

operational practices etc. The overall strategy has the following aspects:

Impact avoidance: Changing project design and construction methods to avoid impacts;

Impact minimization: Where impacts cannot be avoided, implementing mitigation measures to reduce

the impact to acceptable levels; and

Enhancements: Measures, which at insignificant cost to the project, give appreciable environmental,

social or developmental benefits.

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The mitigation plan has been recommended to highlight the action procedures to avoid/minimize/control the

impacts arising out of different project phases, i.e. pre-construction, construction and operation. The plan is

elaborately described in this report.

6.2 Environmental Monitoring Plan

In accordance with the EMP, an environmental monitoring plan has been developed and presented. The

contract documents will contain a listing of all required monitoring measures and a time frame for the

compliance monitoring of these activities. The monitoring will comprise surveillance to check whether the

contractor is meeting the provisions of the contract during construction and operation of the Project including

the responsible agencies for implementation and supervision.

6.3 Institutional Arrangements and Capacity Development

List of various key institutions and their roles and responsibilities for implementation of EMPs are given in the

chapter for capacity building.

A special organizational setup is proposed for NARI project: A Project Coordination Unit (PCU) under Project

Implementation Unit (PIU) has been set up to handle and preparation of three PIU-Field Offices namely; PIU-

Dhaka EPZ (1), PIU- Ishwardi EPZ (2) and PIU- Karnaphuli EPZ (3). These PIU units are responsible for

developing and managing the NARI project.

6.4 Environmental Monitoring Cost

The total cost for implementation of the monitoring is estimated as USD 120,597 for the 3 sites during

construction and operation phases of the project.

7 Analysis of Alternatives

Due to land scarcity in the country, seeking alternative sites for establishing DTC areas near the EPZ is quite

difficult. Also, land acquisition is a lengthy and complex procedure under the existing Land Acquisition Law of

Bangladesh. In addition, the project‟s conceptual development over alternative sites is quite difficult because

delay in overall land acquisition process might create social conflicts and risks to the project. These sites have

been selected by BEPZA on their land and done all general layout planning. To avoid and minimize the

impacts resulting from the activities of the project, EPZ authority is expected to design and adopt appropriate

technological designs, improvements or adjustments, practices including good site operational practices and

applicable EMPs, etc. The overall strategy shall follow the following sequence:

Impact avoidance and minimization;

Adequate compensation where impacts are unavoidable; and

Enhancement Measures such as employment benefit enhancement measures.

8 Public Consultation

As per the requirements of World Bank guidelines, public consultation (such as focus group discussions,

stakeholders‟ consultations and individual consultations) were undertaken to seek opinions and suggestions

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from various stakeholders that will provide inputs required to designing, construction and other

implementation related issues of all three sites of DTC.

The consultation program had three components:

Identification of key stakeholders and group of people for FGDs;

Consultation with all key stakeholders and focus groups ; and

Public access to the outcome of the EA process and further information about the project.

9 Conclusions

The EA studied the environmental baseline conditions for the DTC sites of DEPZ, IEPZ and KEPZ in addition

to assess potential impacts. The EA revealed that there will be both negative impacts (mainly temporary

during pre construction and construction phases) and positive impacts (during construction and operation

phases) of the project. No land acquisition (LA) are required for all the 3 DTC sites, as the lands

identified belongs to BEPZA, as well as for improving access roads connecting the 3 DTC sites prior

to starting construction.

Implementation of appropriate mitigation measures during preconstruction, construction, and operation

phases will minimize the negative impacts of the project to acceptable levels. To ensure that these mitigation

measures are implemented and negative impacts avoided, the measures will be included in the contract

documents of the project with adequate monitoring and supervision in place.

EA for NARI Project


1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background

The SMEC (BD) in association with Enviro-Consultants Ltd. (ECL) has been engaged by the Bangladesh

Export Processing Zone Authority (BEPZA) to undertake the consultancy services for the preparation of

Environmental Assessment (EA) including Environmental Management Plan (EMP) and Social Impact

Assessment (SIA) for the Northern Areas Poverty Reduction Initiative (NARI) projects. The BEPZA proposed

to construct multi-storey dormitories and training centers (DTC) under NARI project for incoming poor and

vulnerable female workers in or nearby their three Export Processing Zones (EPZ) in Dhaka, Pabna and

Chittagong Districts with the financial assistance of World bank (WB) (Figure 1.1).

A total of eight EPZs including Dhaka EPZ (DEPZ) at Savar UZ in Dhaka District, Adamjee EPZ (AEPZ) in

Narayanganj District, Chittagong EPZ (CEPZ) and Karnaphully EPZ (KEPZ) in Chittagong District, Ishwardi

EPZ (IEPZ) in Pabna District, Comilla EPZ (CEPZ) in Comilla District, Uttara EPZ (UEPZ) in Nilphamari

District and Mongla EPZ (MEPZ) in Khulna District are found in Bangladesh. In addition to these, there are

also two proposed EPZs in Bangladesh and these are Feni EPZ (FEPZ) in Feni District and Gazaria EPZ

(GEPZ) in Munshiganj District. Three sites have been selected to benefit from the project including DEPZ,

IEPZ and KEPZ. The DTC buildings will be constructed within 5 acres of land at each selected site. Along with

the DTC buildings, other necessary facilities such as internal roads, drains, playground for outdoor games,

fences, walls, water, gas and power supplies, sanitation facilities, and solid waste disposal bins also need to

be developed in all the 3 DTC sites. The structural design of the DTC buildings and other facilities are being

carried out by the BEPZA while the architectural planning and design of the DTC sites and review of detailed

design are being done by the Medway Consultancy Services (UK) limited (MCS).

According to the Environmental Conservation Rules (ECR), 1997 of the Department of Environment (DoE),

Bangladesh, construction of a multi-storey building is considered under the “Orange B” category. The DoE

defines more than 9 -storey building as a multi-storey building. In addition, the SRO No 117/2008 of

Bangladesh Gazette waives the site clearance requirement in the EPZ areas (Ref.1). Since the proposed

dormitories and the training centers will not exceed the above limits, DoE, Bangladesh environmental

clearance certificate will not be applicable. However, according to WB OP/BP 4.01, construction of a new

building is considered as “Category B”. Therefore the WB requires an Environmental Assessment (EA ) for

the project to ensure that the project is environmentally sound and sustainable.

Construction of DTC buildings along with other facilities in the DTC sites of DEPZ, KEPZ and IEPZ involve a

considerable amount of construction activities which have both negative and positive impacts on the

environment. This report proposes actions to mitigate the negative environmental impacts and enhance the

positive environmental impacts and to obtain clearance certificate from the local authority, with the overall aim

to make the project environmentally friendly.

EA for NARI Project


Figure 1.1: Bangladesh map showing the DTC site in DEPZ, IEPZ and KEPZ

EA for NARI Project


1.2 Objectives

The overall objectives of EA for the development of the 3 DTC sites under the NARI project are:

establish the environmental baseline in the study area, and identify any significant environmental and

social issues/impacts;

assess these impacts and provide suitable measures to address the negative impacts through

avoidance, mitigation and compensation measures;

integrate the environmental requirements in the project planning and design; and

develop appropriate EMP for implementing, monitoring and reporting of the recommended

environmental mitigation and enhancement measures.

1.3 Scope of Works

Scope of works of EA for the development of the 3 DTC sites under the NARI project are as follows:

a) Review of existing information (relevant all documents);

b) Provide a full description of the project (such as project location, layout, components, construction

materials, etc.);

c) Provide a description of the environment (such as baseline data on physical, biological and

socioeconomic characteristics of the DTC sites along with area of influence);

d) Analysis of alternatives to the proposed project;

e) Address occupational health and safety (H & S) requirements;

f) Identify relevant stakeholders to be consulted during preconstruction, construction and operation

phases of the project;

g) Design and conduct a public consultation programme in accordance with provisions of WB OP 4.01

and in collaboration with BEPZA;

h) Ensure that all provisions of GOB and WB applicable policies are complied with,

i) Devise a mitigation plan for all project-related impacts;

j) Prepare EA in accordance with the WB Safeguard Policies;

k) Development of an Environmental Management Plan; and

l) Assess BEPZA‟s institutional capacity to executive and monitor the EMP and recommend necessary

institutional capacity building including additional professional for environmental Management.

1.4 Methodology

1.4.1 General

The EA has been carried out for the project following the steps as given below:

Review of relevant documents;

Environmental requirements of WB and GOB;

Collection and analysis of baseline information on environment;

Public consultations (such as Stakeholders, Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) and individual

interviews); and

Identification/screening of potential environmental impacts using checklists.

EA for NARI Project


1.4.2 Baseline Data/Information Collection

The baseline data on physical, biological and socio-cultural status of the project influence areas have been collected through secondary and primary sources.

1.4.3 Secondary Data

The secondary data have been collected on the following environmental parameters:

a) Physical Environment (General geology and topography of the project area):

Soil; and

Climate and meteorology.

b) Socio-cultural Environment:

Population;

Land use pattern;

Education;

Income source and expenditure;

Settlements History at project site;

Utility services existence/ usage;

Socio-health impacts ( if any);

Diseases aspects;

Skill prevalence ( if any);

Gender equity; and

Vulnerable women group information.

Secondary data have been collected from various sources such as from relevant documents and concerned

organizations such as DoE, FD, BMD, BWDB, WB, LGED, BEPZA, library, etc.

1.4.4 Primary Data Collection

The primary data have been collected through environmental quality survey (EQS), field investigations,

questionnaire surveys, interviews with local people, stakeholders consultations and focus group discussions

(FGDs) to establish baseline condition of the 3 sites by the 3 field coordinators and 3 local enumerator (1 field

coordinator and 1 enumerator at each site) during 22-26 August and 04-10 September, 15 September-01

October 2010. All members of the project team have visited the sites and the data collection programs were

monitored by the field coordinators. The primary data have been collected on the following environmental

components/parameters:

a) Physical Environment

Drainage Congestion/ Hydrology/Flooding.

b) Biological Environment

Tree to be removed; and

Wildlife.

c) Social Environment

Historical and cultural loss in and close proximity of project sites;

EA for NARI Project


Access road facilities and traffic;

Health and safety; and

Land use.

d) Environmental Quality Survey

The Environmental Quality Survey (EQS) has been carried out for the following parameters:

i. Air Quality

Air quality measurement has been carried out by the Adroit Environment Consultants Ltd at the proposed

DTC site of DEPZ on 01 October 2010, DTC site of IEPZ on 29 September and DTC site of KEPZ on 26

September 2010. Air quality measurements have been taken for the following parameters: suspended

particular matter (SPM), Sulfur oxide (SOX) and Nitrogen oxide (NOX).

ii. Noise Level

Noise quality measurements have been carried out by the laboratory of State University of Bangladesh (SUB)

at each site.

iii. Ground /Drinking Water Quality

Sampling of ground /drinking water has been carried out by the Laboratory of SUB from the proposed three

sites and testing parameters included: pH, Manganese (Mn), Arsenic (As), Iron (Fe), Chloride as Residual

Chlorine (Cl), Fecal Coliform (FC) and Total Coliform (TC). Samples have been collected from Deep Tube-

Wells ( DTWs).

iv. Surface Water Quality

Sampling of Surface water quality has been carried out by the SUB from a pond which is located at about

15m far away from the DTC site of IEPZ, which is the only site that has surface water in the vicinity. Testing

parameters included: pH, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen

Demand (COD), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Lead (Pb), Manganese (Mn),

Oil and Grease.

v. Soil Quality

Soil quality has been carried out to identify presence of heavy metals for the parameters: Mercury (Hg), Zinc

(Zn); Arsenic (As) and Lead (Pb). Samples have been collected from about 1m below the top soil layer.

1.4.5 Public Consultations

The Public Consultations have been conducted based on World Bank OP 4.01 and in collaboration with BEPZA

with the following group of people:

▪ Stakeholder Consultations with BEPZA Roads and Highway Department (RHD), Local

Government Engineering Department (LGED), Rural Electrification Board (REB) and Non-

Governmental organizations (NGO);

▪ Individual Interviews (local people); and

▪ FGDs (BEPZA, local government, female and male workers, people living near the EPZ,

vulnerable and poor women and local small businessmen).

EA for NARI Project


1.4.6 Identification of Potential Environmental Impacts and Assessment

Considering the World Bank and DoE guidelines, identification of environment impacts during preconstruction,

construction and operation of each project site has been done using a Checklist. Based on the Checklist and

collected data from secondary and primary sources and public consultations, EA has been prepared.

EA for NARI Project


2 ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK

Regulatory requirements toward protection and conservation of environment and various environmental

resources and also toward protection of social environment from adverse impact of projects and activities

associated with them have been enunciated by the GoB as well as the WB and pertinent policies and

regulations among these requirements are summarized as given below:

2.1 GoB Environmental Policy, Regulations, and Guidelines

2.1.1 National Environmental Policy, 1992

Bangladesh has adopted a national environmental policy in 1992 aimed at sustainable development. The

policy sets out the basic framework for environmental action together with a set of broad sectoral guidelines to

ensure environmental sustainability during development. Key elements of the policy are to:

a) maintain the ecological balance for ensuring sustainable development;

b) protect the country against natural disasters;

c) identify and control activities which are polluting and destroying the environment;

d) ensure environment-friendly development in all sectors;

e) promote sustainable and sound management of natural resources; and

f) active collaboration with international initiatives related to the environment.

The policy mentions that Environmental Impact Assessments (EIA) should be conducted before projects are

undertaken.

2.1.2 National Environment Management Action Plan, 1995

The National Environmental Management Action Plan (NEMAP) builds on the National Environmental Policy

and was developed to address specific issues and management requirements for the period 1995-2005. The

plan includes a framework within which the recommendations of a National Conservation Strategy are to be

implemented. NEMAP has been developed with the objectives to:

a) identify key environmental issues affecting Bangladesh;

b) identify actions to halt or reduce the rate of environmental degradation;

c) improve management of the natural environment;

d) conserve and protect habitats and bio-diversity;

e) to promote sustainable development; and

f) improve the quality of life.

To this end, it has grouped all the relevant necessary actions under four topics: institutional, sectoral, location-

specific and long-term issues. The institutional aspects reflect the need of inter-sectoral cooperation to tackle

environmental problems and need for new and appropriate institutional mechanisms at national and local

levels. The sectoral aspects reflect the way the ministries and agencies are organized with recommended

actions. The location-specific aspects focus on particularly acute environmental problems at local levels that

need to be addressed on a priority basis. The long-term issues include environmental degradation at a degree

that might become more serious and threatening if appropriate actions are not taken immediately.

EA for NARI Project


2.1.3 Environment Conservation Act, 1995

This Act authorizes the DoE to undertake any activity to conserve and enhance the quality of environment and to control, prevent and mitigate pollution. The DoE is the regulatory body and enforcement agency of all environmental related activities. The act includes amongst others the following:

Declaration of Ecologically Critical Areas;

Procedure for obtaining Environmental Clearance Certificates;

Regulation with respect to vehicles emitting smoke harmful for the environment;

Environmental regulations for development activities;

Standards for quality of air, water, noise, and soils for different areas and for different purposes;

Acceptable limits for discharging and emitting waste; and

Formulation of environmental guidelines to control and mitigate environmental pollution, conservation

and improvement of environment.

2.1.4 Environment Conservation Rules, 1997

The Environment Conservation Rules provides a first set of rules under the Environment Conservation Act,

1995. These provide amongst others standards and guidelines for:

Categorization of industries and development projects on the basis of actual and anticipated pollution

load;

Requirements for undertaking Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) and Environmental Impact

Assessment (EIA), as well as formulating an Environmental Management Plan (EMP) according to

categories of industries/development projects/activities;

Procedure for obtaining environmental clearance; and

Environmental quality standards for air, surface water, groundwater, drinking water, industrial

effluents, emissions, noise and vehicular exhausts.

Depending upon location, size and severity of pollution loads, projects/activities have been classified in ECR,

1997 into four categories: Green, Orange A, Orange B and Red covering no impacts, minor, medium and

severe impacts on important environmental components (IECs) respectively. Corresponding categories of

building projects are based on:

Orange B Category; and

Item 08: include construction of hotel/multistory commercial and apartment building.

2.1.5 The EIA Guidelines for Industry, 1997

The EIA Guidelines is a handbook for procedures for preparing the EIA and for reviewing them for the benefit

of the development partners, EIA Consultants, reviewers, and academics. While preparing these guidelines,

the present environmental status as well as the need for rapid economic development of Bangladesh has

been kept in view. These considerations have essentially resulted in simpler procedures to be followed for

preparing the EIA and their review.

EA for NARI Project


2.1.6 Relevant Other National Polices

Table 2.1 presents an outline of the other national legal instruments that will have relevance to the proposed

DTCs with respect to the social and environment considerations. The EIA is prepared in compliance with

these national policies.

Table 2.1: National Legal Instruments

Act/Rule/Law/Ordinance Responsible Agency-Ministry/Authority

Key Features-Potential Applicability

Environment Court Act, 2000 and subsequent amendments in 2002

Ministry of Environment and Forest

GOB has given highest priority to

environment pollution and passed

‘Environment Court Act, 2000 for

completing environment related legal

proceedings effectively

The National Water Policy, 1999

Ministry of Water Resources

Protection, restoration and enhancement of

water resources;

Protection of water quality, including

strengthening regulations concerning agro-

chemicals and industrial effluent;

Sanitation and potable water;

Fish and fisheries; and

Participation of local communities in all

water sector development.

The Brick Burning (Control) Act, 1989 The Brick Burning (Control) Amendment Act, 1992 and 2001

Ministry of Environment and Forest

Control of brick burning;

Requires a license from the MoEF for

operation; and

Restricts brick burning with fuel wood.

Water Supply and Sanitation Act, 1996

Ministry of Local Government, Rural Development and Cooperatives

Management and Control of water supply

and sanitation in urban areas.

Bangladesh Labour Law, 2006

Ministry of Labor This Act pertains to the occupational rights and safety of factory workers and the provision of a comfortable working environment and reasonable working conditions.

National Land use Policy, 2001

Ministry of Land The policy deals with land uses for several purposes including agriculture (crop production, fishery and livestock), housing, forestry, industrialization, railways and roads, tea and rubber. The plan basically identifies land use constraints in all these sectors.

EA for NARI Project


2.2 World Bank Environmental Policies

2.2.1 Environmental Assessment (OP/BP/GP 4.01)

The World Bank requires an EA for all projects proposed for Bank financing, in order to ensure that these

projects are environmentally sound and sustainable. The proposed project is classified as Category B,

because of the scope of the expected impacts from construction and operation.

2.2.2 Environmental Health and Safety Guidelines

The Environmental Health and Safety (EHS) Guidelines of IFC are safeguard guidelines for environment,

health and safety for development of industrial projects. They contain performance levels and measures that

are considered to be achievable in new facilities at reasonable costs using existing technologies.

EA for NARI Project


3. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

3.1 Type of the Project

The Project will develop 3 DTC sites of 3 EPZs with common infrastructure facilities and other environmental

management facilities in order to maintain the DTC sites in a sustainable and hygienic manner. These

facilities will include the following:

Common amenities like playground for outdoor games, internal roads, tree plantation areas, etc.;

Storm water drainage;

Water supply system;

Sewerage connecting toilets and waste water;

Solid waste management;

Power supply;

Gas supply;

Telecommunication; and

H&S measures.

3.2 Location of the DTC Sites

As mentioned earlier, 3 DTC sites are located close proximity of the DEPZ, IEPZ and KEPZ in Dhaka,

Chittagong and Pabna District respectively (Figure 1.1).The location and details of the proposed each DTC

site are shown in the following Table 3.1

Table 3.1: Location and Details of the Proposed DTC Sites

DTC Sites (approx. distance from EPZ)

Coordinates Area acres (sq.m)

Vill./Ward Union/Ward Upazila/Thana (Sub-district)

District

DEPZ (2.00km)

24.616N 89.226E

5 (20,243)

Vill.:Bhadail Damsona Savar Dhaka

IEPZ (1.00km)

22.161N 91.464E

5 (20,243)

Vill.: Civilhat Sara Ishwardi Pabna

KEPZ (1.50km) 23.571N 90.226E

5 (20,243)

Ward: Khezurtola

Ward No.40 Patenga Chittagang

Source: BEPZA and Field survey

The above locations of DTC have been selected based on the following criteria as mentioned by the

engineers of DEPZ, KEPZ and IEPZ during visits to their offices in August and September 2010:

a) DTC sites should be in or close proximity to the EPZ area;

b) DTC sites should be less fertile agricultural land without homesteads and trees;

c) DTC sites should be close to the road communication network; and

d) DTC sites should have reasonable access to the local market/bazaar.

EA for NARI Project


3.3 Description of the DTC Sites

3.3.1 DTC Site of DEPZ

The proposed DTC site of DEPZ is located at about 2km away from the DEPZ (nearby Vadail Bazar) at

Village: Vadail, Union: Dhamshona, UZ: Savar and District: Dhaka (Figure 3.1).

Total area of the proposed DTC site is about 5 acres (20,243 sq.m) which will accommodate the dormitory

and training centre. The DTC site is empty with no structures but it is protected by 2m high RCC concrete wall

with steel gate. The land of the DTC site is flat and flood free.

The proposed DTC site is located in a densely populated area. It is surrounded by Bhadail Road (LGED

Road) at its west side, Sreepur Road (LGED) at south side, agriculture land at east side and homestead at

north side (Figure 3.2). The land belongs to BEPZA. The proposed DTC site is connected with the Jamuna

Access Road (Highway) and Ashulia to DEPZ (Bypile) Road (Highway) through 6.0m wide HBB cum

bituminous pavement and earthen rural road of LGED. The layout plan for the proposed facilities and land use

in the proposed DTC site are presented in the following Figure 3.3 and Table 3.2. Some photographs of the

proposed DTC site are shown in Figure 3.4A and 3.4B.

Table 3.2: Proposed Facilities and Land use in DTC of DEPZ

SL. # Land use Area (ha) Remarks

1 Dormitory Building 6174.96 1 no. 4-story building with provision of another 2 stories on the top in the future (Phase-I). Provision of another 6-story building in future (Phase –II)

2 Training Centre Building

1418.24 1 no. 2-story building with provision of another 2 stories on the top in future.

3 Tree Plantation Area

3945.42 Tree plantation will be done along the internal roads, surrounding of the empty lands and along the inside boundary wall.

4 Empty Land Area 7198.17 Empty land areas will be covered by grass and flowers

5 Internal Roads along with road side drains

1300.57 Roads should be bituminous paved with V shaped drains on both sides.

6 Vehicle Parking Area

123.83 Parking area should have tin or concrete shed and wall at 3 sides.

7 Outdoor Game Area

81.81 Playing ground for outdoor recreational purpose

1 Acre = 4048 Square Meter (sq. m)

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Figure 3.1: Location Map of Proposed DTC at DEPZ

Source: Banglapedia and LGED Map

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Figure 3.2: Land Use and Road Network in the Vicinity of DTC site, DEPZ

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Figure 3.3: Land Use and Road Network in the Vicinity of DTC site, DEPZ

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3.3.2 DTC of IEPZ

The proposed DTC of IEPZ is located at Village: Civilhat, Union: Sara, UZ: Ishwardi and District: Pabna

(Figure 3.5). This site is located at about 2km far away from the mighty Ganges River. The Ganges is stable

at this area.

The proposed site for the construction of the proposed DTC is located at about 1 km far away from the IEPZ

and adjacent to the residential area of IEPZ. This site is empty without any structures. Topography of the site

is high land and flood free. Total area for the proposed site is about 5 acres (20,243 sq.m*). Boundary wall

between residential area of IEPZ and proposed DTC site needs to be built. The DTC site at east, north and

west sides is enclosed by 2m height RCC concrete wall and 0.5m high grill net on the concrete wall.

Presently, there is no entry gate other than main gate of the residential area of the IEPZ. The proposed gate

for the entry of the DTC of IEPZ will be located at the North-west side (Figure 3.6 and 3.7). A box culvert

(1.5mx1.5m) needs to be constructed on the earthen drainage canal (1.5m wide and 1.5m deep) in front of

the proposed gate. At south side of the DTC, there is a pond with an area about 1 acre and is located at about

15m away from the DTC site. An earthen drainage canal runs parallel to the LGED road and boundary wall of

the DTC site. A (3x2) m existing box culvert (BC) is located on the LGED road cum rail embankment. Storm

water from the residential area of IEPZ including DTC area is draining through the canal and culvert. This

proposed BC will connect the DTC with the LGED cum rail embankment and will act as entry access for the

DTC site. The proposed facilities and land use in the proposed DTC are presented in the following Figure 3.7

and Table 3.3. Some photographs of this site are shown in Figure 3.8.

**

1 Acre = 4048 Square Meter (sq. m)

Figure 3.4.A: Gate of DTC site, DEPZ

Figure 3.4.B: Part of DTC area of DEPZ

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Table 3.3: Proposed Facilities and Land use in DTC, IEPZ

SL.# Land use Area (ha) Remarks

1 Dormitory Area 6164.96 1 no. 4-stoy building with provision of another 2 stories on

the top in future (Phase-I). Provision of another 6-story building in future (Phase –II)

2 Training Centre Area

1418.24 1 no. 2-story building with provision of another 2 stories in future.


1610.00 Tree plantation will be done along the sides of the internal roads, surrounding of the empty land and along the inside of the boundary wall.

4 Empty Land Area 9733.43 Empty land areas will be covered by grasses and flowers.

5 Internal Roads along with drains

1171.36 Roads should be bituminous paved along with V shaped drain at both sides.



7 Outdoor game (Badminton)

81.81 For outdoor recreational facilities

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Figure 3.5: Location Map of Proposed DTC at IEPZ

Source: Banglapedia and LGED

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Figure 3.6: Land Use and Road Network in the Vicinity of DTC site, IEPZ

Source: SMEC AutoCAD Division and Field Survey

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Figure 3.7: Site layout Plan of DTC site, IEPZ

Source: SMEC AutoCAD Division and Field Survey

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Figure 3.8: Photograph of DTC area and earthen drainage canal of IEPZ

3.3.3 DTC of KEPZ

The proposed DTC site is located at about 1km far away from the KEPZ and 0.5km far away from the north

Patenga sea shore at Village: Khezurtola, Ward: 40, Thana: Patenga and District: Chittagong (Figure 3.9).

The site is mainly surrounded by agricultural lands. The proposed DTC site is adjacent to joint colonies of

GEM, TSP, ECL and HCBL at the east side, coastal earth embankment at the west side, Narikel Tala village

at the north side and Khezur Tola Road at the south side (Figure 3.10). Out of a total of 8.44 acres of land

that belongs to KEPZ, 5 acres (20,243 sq.m) are allocated for the proposed DTC. The DTC site is demarcated

by some concrete pillars. The proposed DTC site has been leased to a local farmer who used this land for

agricultural purposes. The leased period ended on 30th March 2010. This has been confirmed by Mr. Manna,

the farmer and Mr. Sobhani, Xen, KEPZ engineer.

The proposed DTC site is connected with the Patenga Road by 2km long and 7m wide bituminous road which

is blocked at end with brick boundary wall that needs to be demolished. In order to provide access to the

sites, the KEPZ has taken approval from CDDL for removing this wall. Another 1km long and 3.5m wide

Haring Bone Road/Brick Placing Road (HBB road) from the coastal embankment also connects with the DTC

site. From these 2 access roads, the first access road is in a relatively good condition. The proposed facilities

and land use in the proposed DTC are presented in the following Figure 3.11 and Table 3.4. Some

photographs of this DTC site are presented in Figure 3.12 A and 3.12 B respectively.

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Table 3.4: Proposed Facilities and Land use in DTC, KEPZ

SL. No Land use Area (ha) Remarks

1 Dormitory Area

6174.96 1 no. 4-story building with provision of another 2 stories on the top in future (Phase-I). Provision of another 6-story building in future (Phase –II)

2 Training Centre Area

1418.24 1 no. 2-story building with provision of another 2 stories in future.


1736.00 Tree plantation will be done along the internal roads, surrounding of the empty lands and along the inside boundary wall.

4 Empty Land Area

9156.08 Empty land areas will be covered by grasses and flowers.

5 Internal Roads 1546.11 Roads should be bituminous paved along with V shaped drain at both sides.



7 Outdoor Games Area (Badminton)

81.81 For outdoor recreational purpose

3.4 Project Components

The project components as part of the construction activities are as follows:

1. Training Centre building (1 no. 2-story building at each DTC site);

2. Dormitory building (1 no. 4 story building at each DTC site);

3. Play ground for outdoor games;

4. Internal road access;

5. Water supply from ground water source;

6. Electricity;

7. Gas;

8. Telephone;

9. Drainage facilities;

10. Tree plantation;

11. Solid waste management;

12. Vehicle parking;

13. Waste dumping area;

14. Outdoor games (Badminton etc.);

15. Security; and

16. RCC or brick concrete boundary fence (for DTC of KEPZ and IEPZ).

Ground and first floor of the dormitory and training centre are shown in Annex- 3.1 to 3.4.

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Figure 3.9: Location Map of Proposed DTC at KEPZ

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Figure 3.10: Land Use and Road Network in the Vicinity of DTC site, KEPZ

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Figure 3.11: Site Layout Plan of DTC of IEPZ

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3.5 Project Activities

The following are the main project activities during different phases:

Activities during pre-construction of the project:

1. Site survey;

2. Soil investigations;

3. Architectural planning and design;

4. Structural design;

5. Environmental and social studies;

6. Clearing of vegetations (trees from DTC site of KEPZ); and

7. Shifting of utilities (REB electric lines at DTC of DEPZ).

Activities during construction of the project:

1. Drilling and pilling works;

2. Earthworks;

3. Construction of training centre buildings;

4. Construction of dormitory buildings;

5. Internal access road construction;

6. Road side construction;

7. Gas, electricity and telephone lines installations;

8. Water and Sanitation facilities;

9. Outdoor games facilities construction (Badminton, Volley ball etc.); 10. Clearing the construction wastes; and

11. EMP implementation and monitoring.

Activities during operation of the project: 1. Landscape/Tree plantation;

2. Maintenance works;

3. H&S monitoring; and

4. Security.

Figure 3.12.A: Brick Wall across the Access Road of DTC, KEPZ

Figure 3.12.B: Part of DTC site of KEPZ

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3.6 The DTC Planning and Design Norms

Improper design of DTC buildings and other associated facilities will create environmental hazards in the DTC

site. Hence the following basic planning and design norms will be adopted for the DTC site development

(BNBC 1993):

Distance between two consecutive buildings must have minimum of 3m (1.5m from each building)

space to ensure proper lighting and ventilation;

Safe drinking water as specified in DoE, EQS for all buildings: Water requirement for each person is

<120 litre per day for urban areas (Bangladesh norms). Source of drinking water will be mainly

groundwater. In addition to main water supply, 1 additional hand tube well is proposed for each DTC

site;

Hygienic sanitation facilities for all 3 DTC buildings: A common septic tank with soak well system will

be provided and connected to toilets of DTC buildings through underground PVC pipelines. The

design will consider filter media up to 4.5m depth, which is sufficient to absorb all pollutants including

microbes;

Good external and internal road access;

Power facilities for whole DTC site;

Adequate drainage facilities: For designing of adequate drainage, peak rainfall intensity and non-

silting velocity are considered as more than 130mm/hour and more than 0.6m/sec, respectively to

facilitate flow in drains;

Well managed waste collection and disposal system: There will be system of collection and storing of

waste in separate container/bin/basket. Inorganic wastes (plastic can, papers, glasses, etc.) will be

sold. Organic waste will be dumped in the concrete waste box/chamber for sending nearest

designated waste dumping site of municipality/city corporation;

Health, safety and security for all: For health and safety, good quality drinking water, (e.g.,

As<0.05mg/l, Mn<0.1 mg/l, Fe>0.3<1.0 mg/l), sanitation and waste management will be provided.

Health facilities will be established in each DTC. For security, concrete wall with minimum 2m height,

night lights and security guards will be provided.

Seismic Design: The designs of all buildings in the DTC site are taking Bangladesh National Building

Code (BNBC) provision of seismic design into consideration.

3.7 Implementation Schedule

Construction activities of the DTC is planned to commence from June 2011 and construction period will be about 1.5years according to BEPZA.

3.8 Materials Used for Construction

The construction of the project will require a considerable quantities of construction materials of various types

and quantities. A list of major materials required is presented in Table 3.5. Local sources will be used as much

as possible. Apart from the construction materials, electricity, telecommunication and internet services, office

equipments, etc. will be required. These services will be also sought from local sources. Electricity in the

construction and associated sites will be provided by nearest local substations of the Rural Electrification

Board (REB)/Power Development Board (PDB). Fuels (octane/diesel/CNG) for vehicles and for other

equipments (generators, pile driving equipments, etc.) will be one of the major resources required. Fuel will be

made available from the local fuel supply network.

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Table 3.5 - List of materials and their sources

Materials DTC, DEPZ DTC, IEPZ DTC, KEPZ

Surface Water Not available Pond Not available

Ground Water DTW IEPZ Residential Area Supply water from KEPZ Water Treatment Plant

Energy

Local REB supply. Diesel will be procured from local fuel supply network (About 2 km on Ashulia – Nabinagar Road).

Local REB supply. Diesel will be procured from local fuel supply network (4km far away on Pabna-Ishwardi Highway).

Local REB supply. Diesel will be procured from local fuel supply network (About 3km far away on Patenga Road).

Sand

Local sand from Bangshi River and sylhet sand from Sylhet District (from designated areas, approved by the local authority).

Local sand from Padma River (about 2km from DTC); sylhet sands from Sylhet District (from designated areas, approved by the local authority).

Local sand from Karnaphuli River and Sylhet sands from Sylhet District (from designated areas, approved by the local authority).

Cement UZ: Kaliganj, Gazipur. Ishwardi UZ. Pabna. Chittagong City.

Bricks Mirpur, Dhaka and Konabari, Gazipur.

Village Sara, Union: Sara, UZ: Ishwardi.

Thana: Karnaphuli Bandar

Stones/Boulders

UZ: Bhola , Sylhet District or Sherpur District (commercial suppliers).

UZ: Bhola , Sylhet District or Panchagarh District. (Commercial suppliers).

UZ: Bhola, Sylhet District (commercial suppliers).

Reinforcement (RCC)

Dhaka Kusthia or Pabna Towns

Chittagong,

Wood Dhaka (commercial suppliers).

UZ: Ishwardi (commercial suppliers).

Chittagong,(commercial suppliers).

Bamboo Dhaka (commercial suppliers).

UZ: Ishwardi (commercial suppliers).

Chittagong, (commercial suppliers).

Labour Faridpur & Tangail Districts

Pabna District Noakhali and Comilla Districts

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4 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

4.1 General

This chapter provides details of the baseline conditions of the physical, biological, and socio-economic

environments existing in the project areas. Data for this chapter were collected from:

Secondary Sources: This included data from literature reviews, maps and monitoring reports; and

Primary Sources: This included gathering information from field surveys, laboratory analysis and

public consultations in the project area.

4.2 DTC of DEPZ

4.2.1 Project Influence Area

According to the DOE guideline, the Project Influence Area (PIA) has to be 1 km radius of the development of

the DTC site. The PIA for the proposed DTC site of DEPZ was confined within a radius of 0.5 km from the

center of the development site since the nature of the project is such that most of the potential impacts are

likely to occur within this area. However, certain aspects were investigated beyond the PAI. For example, the

approach road from the project area which is about 2.0 km from the Jamuna Access Road (Highway) at DEPZ

bus station and about 3 km from the Ashulia – Bypile Highway at Zamgar Market was investigated to cover

the entire length of the road. General information of a larger area gathered from secondary sources has also

been reviewed to put the project area in a comparative perspective (Figure 3.2).

The PIA of this site comprises of two villages (Vadail and PobnerTek). It is a semi urban and densely

populated area. It situated within the Dhamshona Union in Savar Upazilla under Dhaka District.

Land use in the immediate vicinity of the project area is mainly semi-urban. The settlements near the project

area are relatively densely populated. The distance of surrounding important features from the site is stated in

the following Table 4.1.

Table 4.1: Important Features of the Project Influence Area in accordance with Distance

SL No.

Places/Areas Direction Distance (Km) Features/ Remarks

1 Vadail Village South-West Adjacent Settlement SBE, EHS

2 Pobner Tek Village North-East Adjacent Settlement SBE, EHS

3 Jamuna Access Road East 2.0 Highway Road

4 Tongi Bypail Road South-East 2.5 Highway Road

5 Fantasy Kingdom-Theme Park South-East 2.75 Settlement SBE

6 Ashulia Police Station South 3.5 EHS

7 Mosque West Adjacent EHS

8 DEPZ Industrial Area (1&2) West 2.0 Industrial Area

9 Fire Service Station West 2.0 EHS

10 Zia Clinic West 1.5 EHS

11 Primary School South west 1.5 EHS

12 Atomic Energy Commission- Bangladesh Complex

West 1.5 EHS

13 EPZ Bus-stand West 2.0 SBE Note: All directions are in reference to the CEE site. HH- Households, SBE- Small Business Enterprise, EHS- Environmental Hotspots (mosque, madrasa, school and college).

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4.2.2 Physical Environment

Following sections describe the major features of physical environment of the project site and PIA. Information

were gathered on the existing physical environment related to climate, geology, topography, soils, hydrology

and drainage, surface water and ground water quality, air quality and noise quality.

4.2.2.1 Topography

The overall topography of the Savar UZ is undulated. But the DTC area is flat. The lands in this UZ are

usually high and flood free. No water bodies are located in and close to the DTC site. The main features of

this site are grassland and internal access roads. The ground elevation of the project site is 25m (PWD)

(Graphosman,1996).

4.2.2.2 Geology and Soil Quality

The lands in the Savar upazila are composed of alluvium soil of the Pleistocene period. The southern part of

the Upazila is composed of alluvium soil of the Bangshi and Dhalashwari Rivers. Main rivers found within the

area are: Bangshi, Turag, Buriganga and Karnatali. The area forms the southern part of the Madhupur

Pleistocene uplands. The land surface of the area is elevated where the height of the lands gradually

increases from the east to the west.. The upper terrace is known as chala and the intersecting low land is

called baid. The soil of the tract has developed largely on Madhupur clays which are nutrient-poor and

somewhat acidic (Banglapedia, 2001). They are red or brown in color. In Bangladesh, 21 different general soil

types have been categorized based on the diagnostic horizons and diagnostic properties of the soil (FAO-

UNDP, 1988). According to this classification, soil type of the project area is defined under Non-calcareous

Dark Grey Floodplain soil (BARC, 2005) (Figure 4.2).

Soil investigation was carried out by the

primary sample collection from the project

site (Figure 4.1) and was analyzed in the

Department of Soil, Water and Environment,

University of Dhaka. Soil samples were

collected from the site to a depth of 1m. Test

results of heavy metal concentration are

depicted in Table 4.2. Based on the findings

of the soil quality results, it can be

concluded that the quality of soil in the

project site is good for the proposed usage.

The values of heavy metals, i.e. Hg, Zn, As

and Pb are well within the permissible limits

as compared to EU Directives 86/278/EEC

for land Application. The soil sample is free

from Mercury and Arsenic as there is no

industries that produce such chemicals

within the PIA area.

Figure 4.1: Collection of Soil Sample inside the Proposed DTC Site of DEPZ

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Table 4.2 Soil Quality Results in the Proposed DTC Site of DEPZ

Date Location Mercury (Hg) mg/kg

Zinc (Zn) mg/kg

Arsenic (As) mg/kg

Lead (Pb) mg/kg

14.09.2010

Inside the project boundary

0 52.6 0 16.3

EU Directives 86/278/EEC for land Application

0 4000 0 1200

Source: Department of Soil, Water and Environment, University of Dhaka, September 2010.

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Figure 4.2: Proposed DTC Site of DEPZ, IEPZ and KEPZ in the “Agro-ecological Zone of Bangladesh”

Source: www.banglapedia.org/httpdocs/HT/A_0079.HTM

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4.2.2.3 Climate

The climate of Bangladesh is heavily influenced by Asiatic monsoon. The monsoonal influence results in three

distinct seasons:

Pre-monsoon hot season (from March to May);

Rainy monsoon season (from June to September); and

Cool dry winter season (from October to February).

Several climatic zones occur within Bangladesh. The project area falls under the South-central zone where

rainfall is above 1,900mm and temperature range is comparatively milder (Rashid, 1977). Bangladesh

Meteorological Department (BMD) climatic station is located closest to the project area, which is

approximately 15km away from project location. The climatic data have been collected for the period of 2005

to 2008 from BMD.

Temperature

The monthly average temperature as recorded at the DEPZ is depicted in Figure 4.3. December and January

are the coldest months with average monthly temperature of about 18°C, while April to September are the

hottest months with an average monthly temperatures ranging from 28 to 300°C. The maximum average

temperature in Dhaka is 38.5°C and minimum is 9.6°C.

Figure 4.3: Mean Monthly Temperatures (oC) 2005-2008

Sources: Bangladesh Meteorological Department (BMD)

Rainfall

The mean monthly rainfall for the rainfall station in closest proximity to the project area, Dhaka, is shown in

Figure 4.4. Annual rainfall of Dhaka varied from 1,991 to 2,885 mm during the years from 2004 to 2008.

Generally, June to September is the rainfall season. July is the wettest month with monthly rainfall of 331 to

753 mm in Dhaka and December is the driest period with almost no rainfall. Maximum daily rainfall recorded

is 190 mm (September 2008).

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Figure 4.4: Average Monthly Rainfall (mm) 2005-2008

Sources: Bangladesh Meteorological Department (BMD)

Humidity

Annual average relative humidity in Dhaka is 73%. Generally, all months have days with a monthly maximum

humidity of more than 94%. The lowest daily humidity recorded is 6% in Dhaka. The average maximum and

minimum humidity data for the Dhaka weather monitoring station is presented in Table 4.3.

Table 4.3: Maximum and Minimum Monthly Humidity (%), 2005-2008

Year/ Month

2005 2006 2007 2008 Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min

Jan 97 28 100 21 100 20 98 25

Feb 97 17 98 15 100 23 96 13

Mar 98 18 96 6 96 14 95 28

April 94 27 96 28 95 32 94 23

May 98 44 98 40 98 33 96 37

June 98 46 99 57 98 52 98 51

July 99 57 98 55 99 55 98 61

Aug 97 55 95 52 98 50 97 57

Sept 98 52 99 51 98 42 98 53

Oct 98 34 98 38 98 31 98 32

Nov 98 32 95 26 99 35 97 29

Dec 98 24 97 29 98 28 99 33 Sources: Bangladesh Meteorological Department (BMD)

Wind

Maximum wind speed and direction recorded in Dhaka station for the years 2005-2008 are given in Table 4.5.

The wind direction in Dhaka station is generally towards to south-east direction. Maximum wind speed

recorded in Dhaka is 22 knots in the eastern direction (October 2007).

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Table 4.4: Maximum Wind Speed and Direction (Knots), 2005-2008

Year/ Month

2005 2006 2007 2008

Speed, knots

Degree Speed, knots

Degree Speed, knots

Degree Speed, knots

Degree

Jan 9 320 10 300 6 310 9 360

Feb 12 300 10 230 7 50 8 90

Mar 9 180 20 330 9 310 20 270

April 13 130 10 130 10 50 18 270

May 15 360 15 270 12 270 18 90

June 14 270 8 130 10 360 12 90

July 12 120 5 90 9 90 10 90

Aug 10 130 9 130 10 130 9 130

Sept 12 130 12 130 12 130 9 130

Oct 10 90 8 180 22 90 18 50

Nov 7 360 5 230 20 50 6 360

Dec 7 330 4 360 6 320 6 270 Sources: Bangladesh Meteorological Department (BMD)

4.2.2.4 Air Pollution

Ambient air quality measurements are essential to provide a description of the existing conditions or the

baseline against which changes can be measured and to assist in the determination of potential impacts of

the proposed DTC construction on air quality.

The Department of Environment (Dhaka Division) does not have any records on regular air quality for ambient

condition or emission levels for the project area. During field survey no particular problem with air quality was

noticed. Apparently good air quality is attributed to the fact that there are no large industrial installations near

the project site that could serve as major sources of air pollutants. Generally air pollution sources in the

project area consists of road dust, black smoke from diesel engine vehicles, construction dust, domestic

heating and cooking.

The locations for air quality sampling were selected on the basis of power availability of the equipment and

areas which likely to represent baseline condition (Figure 4.5). Air samples were collected from inside the

project site boundary for a standard continuous 8-hour run using pre-calibrated High Volume Sampler (APM

415) (Table 4.5).

Table 4.5 Air Quality Testing Procedure

Parameters Testing Procedures

SPM Gravimetric method using High Volume Sampler

NOx Absorption in dilute Sodium Arsenic Solution

SO2 Absorption in Potassium tetrachloromercurate solution

Test results are illustrated in Table 4.6. According to the ambient air quality test results, it can be summarized

that the ambient air quality is quite good in the project area. The value of SPM is higher than the standard limit

of ECR‟97 of DoE. It could be the resultant due to the semi urban condition of the surrounding environment

and the road dust which is high during dry season. However, SO2 and NOx are well within the permissible

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limits as compared to ECR‟95 of GOB. Also the construction of the LGED road generates dust which may

have increased the SPM level of the area.

Figure 4.5: Air Quality Monitoring in the Proposed DTC Site of DEPZ

Table 4.6: Air Quality Monitoring Results in the Proposed DTC of DEPZ Area

Sampling Location Ambient air pollution concentration in micro gram/cusec

meter.

SPM SO2 NOx

Inside the Project Boundary 542 43.5 67.4

Bangladesh Environmental Quality Standard ECR‟97 for Residential Area2

200 80 80

Sampling Duration (hours 8hrs 8hrs 8hrs

Method of Analysis Gravimetric Gravimetric West-Geake Note: Air Quality tests performed by Adroit Environmental Consultant Ltd, Mohammadpur, Dhaka, October 2010.

4.2.2.5 Noise Pollution

Ten noise-monitoring sites were selected to undertake noise monitoring to characterize existing noise

environment around the proposed project site. Noise level readings and any unusual local noise sources were

recorded. Measurements were taken instantly on site using Noise level meters (LUTRON SL-4010) during the

day (6am-9pm) (Figure 4.6). The meter was calibrated before and after each set of readings.

The background noise level at the project area is low, due to absence of heavy industries, large urban

development or other significant noise sources.

Figure 4.6: Noise Quality Monitoring in the Proposed DTC of DEPZ

2 According to ECR‟97 (residential and rural category area)

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Table 4.7 summarizes the measured ambient noise levels at each monitoring location. The noise level found

in the area is higher than the standard limit of ECR‟97 (subsequent amendment in 2006). The ambient noise

level is higher in every case. The project area falls into residential area zone according to Bangladesh

Environmental Quality Standard ECR‟97 categorization. But within the project land the noise in higher than

the standard value because of the surrounding semi urban environment and the on-going construction of road

in front of the proposed DTC site. So the labour / worker and other machineries make the ambient noise

higher.

Table 4.7: Noise Level Parameter in and around the Proposed DTC of DEPZ

Sampling Location Zone (according to Environmental Quality Standard 1997 and subsequent amendment in 2006 )

Noise Level dB (A)

Bangladesh Environmental Quality Standard ECR’97 at day Time dB (A)

Remarks

Inside the boundary wall- North

Project site/ Residential 64.7 55 High

Inside the boundary wall- South


Inside the boundary wall-West


Inside the boundary wall- east


Approach Road side (adjacent to the boundary wall)

Mixed 72.6 60 High

Homestead (50m distance from site)

Residential 70.6 55 High

Shops (50 m distance from site)

Mixed 74.2 60 High

(Jamuna Access Road) Commercial 86.3 70 High

DEPZ gate area Industrial 81.4 75 High

Pobnar-tek Primary School

Silent 65.9 50 High

Note: Noise Quality tests performed by the Department of Environmental Science, SUB, October 2010.

4.2.2.6 Water Resource

Surface Water

There are no surface water resources in the PIA area of the DEPZ.

Ground Water Potential and Quality

In 1993, Department of Public Health Engineering (DPHE) first detected arsenic in hand tube wells (HTWs)

and arsenic contamination has become one of the most pressing environmental issues in Bangladesh. The

World Health Organization has defined the tolerance limit of arsenic for drinking water as 0.01mg/L, while the

Bangladesh standard for arsenic in drinking water is 0.05mg/L. The arsenic content of the project site is

0.02mg/L which is within the Bangladesh Standards (0.05mg/l). Manually operated hand pumps and power

driven tube wells extract groundwater from a depth of approximately 180 to 200 feet. A study of the ground

water potential was carried out as part of the hydro-geological assessment.

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In September 2009, Groundwater samples were collected by SMEC from shallow tube wells in the project

area. The samples were analysed by the Department of Environmental Science Lab at State University of

Bangladesh. The result of the groundwater field samples and the GoB standards for potable water (ECR,

1997) are shown in Table 4.8. The concentration levels of pH, Alkanity, Mn, As, Fe, Ammonium Nitrate, total

hardness, Chloride, Fecal Coliform and Total Coliform for tube well were found within the acceptable limit set

by the DOE, GoB for drinking water. According to the overall water quality data, good quality and quantity of

ground water is available in and around the project site.

Table 4.8: Ground Water Quality

Date : 14.09.2010

Location of water collection: Vadail Bazaar tube well, proposed DTC area of DEPZ

Tube-well depth: 180 feet

SL # Parameter Unit Result in DTC, DEPZ

Bangladesh Environmental Quality Standard , ECR’97

1. pH - 7.2 6.5-8.5

2. Manganese, Mn mg/L 0 0.1

3. Arsenic, As mg/L 0.02 0.05

4. Iron, Fe mg/L 0.4 0.3-1

5. Ammonium Nitrogen, NH3-N mg/L 0.01 0.5

6. Total Hardness mg/L 290 200-500

7. Chlioride mg/L 300 150-600

8. Fecal Coliform, FC no/100ml 0 0

9. Total Coliform, TC no/100 ml 0 0 Source: Department of Environmental Science, SUB, October 2010.

4.2.2.7 Drainage and Sewerage Facility

Like other rural areas in Bangladesh, there are no structured drainage and sewerage facilities in the study

area and as a result, during heavy rainfall drainage congestion and flooding is occurring in this area.

The storm water runoff process is influenced by the undulated highland characteristic of the study area. Storm

water from highlands quickly accumulates in the adjoining ditches and gradually drains through low lying

areas.

4.2.2.8 Road and Transport Facilities

Day by day traffic on Jamuna Access Road (Highway) is increasing. Traffic on the highway includes a steady

stream of cars, buses, and various commercial trucks that are joined by local road traffic consisting of auto-

rickshaws, pedal rickshaws and pedestrians. Local road network in the vicinity of DTC site of DEPZ is quite

complex (Figure 3.2, Section 3). There are two major access roads to the DTC area from two different

highways, namely Jamuna Access Road and Bypile – Ashulia Road.

DTC area is connected with about 2.0 km long first access road connecting to Jamuna Access Road (4 lane,

36 m wide) where DEPZ and Extension of DEPZ exist. The width of the access road varies from 5.0m to

6.5m. The access road that starts from EPZ bus stand of Jamuna Access Road (namely: EPZ Bus stands

mor) to Vadail Bazaar is bituminous carpeted road. The width and length of this portion of the access road are

5.8-6.5m and 1.25km respectively. Then the road becomes narrower (5-6m) from Vadail Bazaar to DTC site

(Figure 4.7). This part of the road is a damaged HBB road (0.8km long) (Figure 3.2).

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The second access road that starts from Jamgora mor (entrance from Bypile – Ashulia Highway) is located at

south of the DTC area. Its length and average width are about 3km and 6m respectively. About 2.2km of the

access road from Jamgora to Pobnertek is mixed HBB, average of 6m wide and bituminous carpeting and

earthen (Figure3.2). From Pobnertek to DTC site, the road width is about 5.5m and length is about 0.7 Km.

This 0.7km long road is HBB and presently under construction by LGED. The LGED, the owner of these

access roads has started improvement of both access roads to the project site. No land acquisition is required

for the access road improvement. Although the entire second access road is zigzag in shape, trucks move

along this road frequently during day and night. Traffics on both the accesses include trucks, rickshaws, vans,

cycles and cars. Traffic on the first access road is more than the traffic on the second access road, as the

condition of the first access road is comparatively better and has a shorter distance to travel.

Figure 4.7 Existing Road Network for the Proposed DTC side of DEPZ

Photo: 1st Access Road, West Side of the DTC Photo: Narrow South Side Approach road of DTC

4.2.3 Biological Environment

The biological environment generally refers to flora and fauna, their present status, description and habitats

based on the nature and type of the project activities. The status of the flora and fauna of the study area was

determined by specific assessment of both the terrestrial and aquatic environments, review of literature

relevant to the location, and identification of species through primary (transit walk, interviews) and secondary

sources. At this particular site, due to lack of any surface water bodies, only terrestrial environment was

studied.

4.2.3.1 Terrestrial Flora and Fauna

The proposed site is located on the highland and it is not in use. The surrounding area is also highland with

mixed vegetation and crops. Crops cultivated in the surrounding land mainly include rice, rabi crops (winter

crops) and homestead vegetables. A sizeable number of fruit trees with economic value have been observed

in the PIA area. The fruit trees include jackfruit and mangoes. Considerable number of trees and bushes in

the PIA site provide habitat for birds and some other animals. The composition of plant community includes

low growing grasses, herbs, shrubs and trees. The data collected from the environmental reconnaissance

survey suggests that the predominant species in the area are those of cultivated vegetables and trees. A

detailed list of floral species found in the project area in Table 4.9.

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Table 4.9 List of Flora Species in the PIA

Note: C-Common, LC-Less Common, UC- Uncommon, CU-Cultivated

A number of avian species were observed in the area. These species are typical inhabitants of urban fringes

and considered as common on both at local and regional levels. In addition to the avian species, the area is

habitat to a variety of reptiles, mammals and invertebrates. These include fox, rodents, snakes, etc. A detailed

list of faunal species found in the project area is presented in the Table 4.10 and 4.11.

Table 4.10 Locally Available Bird Species in the PIA

Local name Scientific name Observation Status (During Field Visit)

Bou-Katha Kao Cuculus micropterus

Paira Columba livia

Dushor Bok Ardea cinera

Pati kak Corvus splendens

Bhat Shalik Acridotheres tristis

Scientific Name Local Name Family Habit Habitat Status

Acacia aurculiformios Akasia Leguminosae Tree Roadside C

Albizia procera Shilkoroi Leguminosae Tree Homestead C

Areca catechu Shupari Arecaceae Tree Homestead C

Artocarpus heterophyllus Kathal Moraceae Tree Homestead LC

Averrhoa carambola Kamranga Averrhoaceae Tree Homestead C

Axonopus compressus Ghash Poaceae Herb Road side C

Azadirachta indica Neem Meliaceae Tree Homestead LC

Basella alba Puishak Basellaceae Herb Homestead CU

Benincasa hispida Chalkumra Cucurbitaceae Herb Cultivated CU

Borassus flabellifer Tal Arecaceae Tree Roadside LC

Capsicum annum Kachamorich Solanaceae Herb Cultivated CU

Carica papaya Papey Caricaceae Tree Cultivated C

Citrus aurantifolia Lebu Rutaceae Shrub Homestead C

Cocos nucifera Narikal Arecaceae Tree Homestead C

Cucurbita maxima Mishti kumra Cucurbitaceae Herb Cultivated CU

Delonix regia Krishnachura Leguminosae Tree Homestead C

Enhydra fluctuans Helencha Asteraceae Herb Wetland C

Ixora coccinea Rongan Rubiaceae Shrub Homestead C

Lablab purpureus Seem Leguminosae Herb Cultivated CU

Lagenaria vulgaris Lao Cucurbitaceae Herb Cultivated C

Lawsonia inermis Mendi Lythraceae Shrub Homestead LC

Mangifera indica Aam Anacardiaceae Tree Homestead C

Momordica charantia Korolla Cucurbitaceae Herb Cultivated CU

Moringa oleifera Shajna Moringaceae Tree Homestead LC

Musa sapientum Kola Musaceae Herb Cultivated C

Oryza stiva Dhan Poaceae Herb Cultivated CU

Psidium guajava Peyara Myrtaceae Tree Homestead LC

Rottboellia protensa Barabati Poaceae Herb Fallow land CU

Samanea saman Rain tree Leguminosae Tree Homestead LC

Solanum melongena Begun Solanaceae Herb Homestead CU

Syzygium cumini Jam Myrtaceae Tree Homestead C

Tagetes patula Ganda Asteraceae Herb Homestead CU

Tectona grandis Shegun Verbenaceae Tree Homestead LC

Zizyphus mauritiana Boroi Rhamnaceae Tree Homestead LC

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Charai Passer donesticus

Bhadi Hans Cairina scutulata Source: Field Survey

Table 4.11 List of Wildlife Species Found in the PIA

Group Local name (Common Name)

Scientific name Observation Status (During Field Visit)

Mammals

Ram Kutta (Dog) Cuon alpinus

Badur (Bat) Pteropus giganteus

Kathbiral (Squirrell) Ratufa bicolor

Nengti Indur (Rat) Mus musculus

Biral (Cat) Filis domesticus

Reptiles Tik Tiki (Lizard) Hemidactylus flaviviridis

Amphibians Kuno Bang (Frog) Bufo melanostictus Source: Field Survey

4.2.3.2 Rare and Endangered Species

There are no rare or endangered species according to the IUCN Red Data Book found in the project area.

4.2.3.3 Sensitive/ Protected Areas

There is no sensitive /protected areas found in the PIA.

4.2.4 Socio-Economic Environment

4.2.4.1 Administration

Savar Thana was established in 1912 and was turned into an Upazila in 1983. This Upazila consists of one

municipality, 9 wards, 11 union parishads, 175 mouzas, and 321 villages.

4.2.4.2 Population and Households

Following table reflects the population status of Savar Upazila and Dhamsona Union, under which the study area is located.

Table 4.12 Population Status of Savar Upazila and Dhamsona Union

Area Total Population Male (%) Female (%)

Savar Upazila 602,860 54.73 45.27

Dhamshona Union 63,884 55.64 44.36

Dhamshona Union ( Surveyed) 51 50.98 49.02

Source: Population Census, 2001 and Field Survey, 2010

4.2.4.3 Literacy and Educational Institutions

Average literacy rate in Savar Upazila is 37.8%. Out of total population, male are 44.8% and female are

29.1%. Educational institutions in the area include 3 universities, 5 colleges, 5 schools/colleges, 38 high

schools, 3 junior high schools, 16 madrasa, 88 government primary schools, 13 non-government primary

school, 12 community school, 8 satellite schools, and 1 sports institute.

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4.2.4.4 Occupational Details

Data showed that the income group of Savar Upazilla is divided into 9 major groups while there are four major

group identified by the study team in Dhamsona Union. Following table shows the distribution of income

groups. Majority of the people in Savar Upazilla are into agriculture and in Dhamsona Union are in

occupational category service.

Table 4.13 Occupational Status of Savar Upazila and Dhamsona Union

Groups by Occupation Savar Upazila Dhamsona Union (%) (Surveyed Results)

Agriculture 24.34%, 0

Agricultural laborer 12.84%, 1.96

Wage laborer 4.44% 3.92

Business 17.35% 35

Service 20.68% 43

Transport 3.96% 10

cattle breeding, forestry and fishing 1.90% 0

Construction 1.66% 0

and others 11.46% 6 Source: Population Census, 2001 and Field Survey, 2010

4.2.4.5 Religion

In Savar Upazilla, the distribution of religious status goes as Muslims 88.598%, Hindus 10.41%, Christians

0.93%, Buddhists 0.03% and others 0.26% and ethnic nationals include Buno, Garo, Sangma and Barman.

There are 318 Mosques and 8 temples found in Savar.

In Dhamsona union 96% people were found Muslim and rest 4% were Hindus religion (Field Survey

September 2010).

4.2.4.6 Utility Services

The utility services found are given below:

a) Water Supply and Sanitation

Water supply in the Vadail and Pobnertek villages is only through tube well fitted with hand pumps or

electric pumps. There is no sewerage system in the Vadail and Pobnertek villages. All households

have latrines with pucca (i.e. permanent structures as pit latrine).

b) Solid Waste

There are no solid waste management facilities in the Vadail and Pobnertek areas. Generally

household wastes are dumped in holes made on the ground and on homestead premises. There are

no recycling activities found in the surrounding of the DTC of DEPZ as informed by the local people

during field survey.

c) Electricity

About 100% of the houses at Vadail and Pobnertek villages are connected to electricity by the Rural

Electrification Board (REB) (Figure 4.8). All areas have REB electric lines along the road side. One

REB 33KV electric line was observed to run across the DTC site, although the electric poles are

located outside the project site. These electric lines have to be shifted outside the site.

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d) Gas Connection

The people in the area use TITAS gas connection for their cooking purposes.

Figure 4.8 Electricity Line Crosses over the Proposed DTC side of DEPZ

4.2.4.7 Public Health

People living around proposed DTC area get generally affected by water borne diseases such as diarrhoea,

dysentery, and other diseases like influenza, malaria, etc. Lack of adequate health facilities close to proposed

DTC area, poor sanitation and improper hygienic practices are the major causes of these diseases.

4.2.4.8 Archaeological, Historical and Cultural Sites/Resources

According to the Department of Archaeology, Bangladesh, there are no places of historical and cultural

importance, situated within or nearby the project site.

4.2.5 Environmental Risks

4.2.5.1 Flood

The project area is in a flood free zone (Figure 4.9).

4.2.5.2 Seismic Effects

Bangladesh is situated in one of the most tectonically active regions in the world. Here three major tectonic

plates (the Indian Plate, the Tibet Sub-Plate, and the Burmese Sub-Plate) collide and thrust over each other.

Earthquakes occur frequently in the wider region.

Bangladesh can be divided into three seismic zones, as described by the ranges of the seismic coefficient.

Zone I is the most severe area for earthquake intensity and frequency and Zone III is the least severe (GSB,

1979). The project area falls within Zone II, which is comprised of the middle regions of Bangladesh with

moderate seismic activity. The location of the project site, relative to the seismic zones is provided in Figure

4.10 (BNBC, 1993). Attention should be given to the design and operational aspects of the structures to

make them safe from earthquake hazards.

4.2.5.3 Cyclone and Storms

The site is located in a cyclone and storm surges free zone (Figure 4.11).

4.2.5.4 Erosion

The project area is free from river erosion.

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Figure 4.9: Flood prone areas of Bangladesh

Source: Banglapedia

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Figure 4.10: Seismic Zones within Bangladesh

Source: Banglapedia

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Figure 4.11: Cyclone prone areas of Bangladesh

Source: Banglapedia

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4.3 DTC of IEPZ


The Project Influence Area comprises five villages (Civilhat, Saraghat, 5-no-Saragopalpur, Bagalea and

Zuktitala) an access road (LGED) and a railway line from RHD road (Figure 3.6). The project influence area

can be defined as a rural and sparsely populated area. It is part of the Pakshi Union of Ishwardi Upazilla

under Pabna district.

The following Table 4.14 presents the features of the project influence area.

Table 4.14 Important Features of the Project Influence Area in accordance with Distance

SL No. Places/Areas Direction Distance(Km) Features/ Remarks 1 Saraghat Village West 1.0 HH, SBE, EHS

2 Civilhat Village North- East Adjacent -do-

3 5-no-Saragoplapur Village East 0.5 -do-

4 Zuktitala Village South 0.5 -do-

5 Bagalea Village East 0.25 -do-

6 IEPZ Industrial Area South- east 0.25 Industries

7 IEPZ Residential Area South Adjacent HH

8 Fire Service Station South-East 6.0/ Ishwardi Town EHS

9 Hospital East 4.5 / Ishwardi Town EHS

10 Govt. Office East 4.5 / Ishwardi Town EHS

11 Upazilla Parishad East 4.5 / Ishwardi Town EHS

12 Police Station East 4.5 / Ishwardi Town EHS

13 North Bangla Paper Mill South- East 0.25 Industry Note: All directions are in reference to the CEE site HH- Households, SBE- Small Business Enterprise, EHS- Environmental Hotspots (mosque, madrasa, school, college)


Following section describes the major features of physical environment of the project site. Information was

gathered on the existing physical environment related to climate, geology, topography, soils, hydrology and

drainage, surface water and ground water quality, air quality and noise quality.

4.3.2.1 Topography

Ishwardi UZ is located in the flood plains of the Ganges River. The overall topography of Ishwardi UZ is

almost flat. The DTC area is also a flat land. The land in this UZ is relatively high and flood free during normal

floods. A pond is located at about 15m from the DTC site. The other main features of this site include trees

along the boundary walls. The ground elevation of the DTC area is 42 mPWD (Graphosman,1996).


The region comprises the eastern half of the Ganges River Floodplain which is low-lying. The region has a

typical meandering floodplain landscape with broad ridges and basins. Soil of the region is silt loams and silty

clay loams on the ridges and silty clay loams to heavy clays on lower sites. According to FAO-UNDP (1988)

classification, soil types predominantly include Calcareous Dark Grey and calcareous Brown Floodplain soils.

Organic matter content is low in ridges and moderate in the basins. Soils are calcareous in nature having

neutral to slightly alkaline pH. General fertility level is medium with high CEC and K status, and the Zn and B

status is medium (BARC, 2005).

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Consultant took samples from 1 m depth inside the proposed DTC site to test the soil quality. The soil quality

in the project site is quite good. As there are no industries around the proposed DTC site, no heavy metal

contaminations in the soil were found. The levels of heavy metals, i.e. Hg, Zn, As and Pb are well within the

permissible limits as compared to EU guideline. Test results are also shown in Table 4.15.

Table: 4.15: Soil Quality Results in DTC, IEPZ Area


Zinc (Zn) mg/kg

Arsenic (As) mg/kg

Lead (Pb) mg/kg

03.09.2010


0 51.6 0 16.3


0 4000 0 1200

Note: Soil Quality tests performed by the Department of Soil, Water and Environment, University of Dhaka, September 2010

4.3.2.3 Climate

The project area is situated within the North-western zone where rainfall is lower. The area experiences the

sub-tropical monsoon climate typical to Bangladesh. The SW (South–West) monsoon dominates the

rainy/summer season and NE (North-East) monsoon during the dry/winter season. All meteorological data

were collected from the Ishwardi meteorological station.

Temperature

Monthly average maximum temperature in Ishwardi was 41.4oC in May which is the highest over the last five

years and minimum average temperature was 5.5oC in January which is the lowest over the last five years at

Ishwardi.

Though the days are shorter in December, the temperature generally continues to decrease in January. On

the other hand, the temperature is highest in May but the day is not generally longest during this period. The

monsoon usually lowers the temperature to a soothing level in June though the length of day tends to

increase. The mean monthly and annual maximum and minimum temperatures of Ishwardi weather station

are given in Figure 4.12 and 4.13.

Figure 4.12: Average Monthly Maximum Temperature (ºC) 2005-2009

Source: Bangladesh Meteorological Department (BMD)

Figure 4.13: Average Monthly Minimum Temperature (ºC) 2005-2009

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Rainfall

There are four major seasons in the project area relative to the annual hydrological cycle that reflects the

seasonal distribution of annual rainfall. The graph drawn with the data on rainfall depicts that rainfall gradually

increases from April to July and decreases from August to February (Figure 4.14). The average annual

rainfall in the area is about 1,292 mm in 2009. Six rainy months from May to October registered most (90-

94%) of the rainfall during the last five years (2005 to 2009). The post-monsoon, which is from November to

December (Fall/Autumn), is warm and humid with unstable atmospheric conditions that induce local

thunderstorms and cyclones from the Bay of Bengal and brings 9.98% of overall rainfall. The cool dry season

from December to March (winter), is sunny with infrequent rainfall. The summer extends from March to May.

The period January to April gets 8.07% of annual rainfall. This includes the pre-monsoon season, April-May

(spring), which is hot and characterized by thunderstorms called Nor'westers, with heavy local rainfall and

hail. Severe cyclones may affect in the area during the pre-and post-monsoon transitional periods.

Figure 4.14: Average Monthly and Yearly Rainfall (mm) 2005-2009


Humidity

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Humidity levels are consistently very high during monsoon, and drop significantly for a relatively short period at the end of the dry season. The average monthly humidity data for the Ishwardi weather monitoring station is presented in Table 4.16.

Table 4.16: Average Monthly Humidity (%) data in the Year of 2005-2009

Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Annual

2005 81 71 68 67 74 78 85 85 84 85 80 75 77

2006 77 72 61 71 76 83 84 84 85 81 77 77 77

2007 74 78 64 69 72 82 86 84 85 82 79 77 77

2008 80 74 72 69 73 84 87 85 84 83 77 84 79

2009 83 67 63 65 76 75 83 85 84 81 76 79 76 Note: N- North, S- South, E- East, W- West, NW-North West, SE- South-East Sources: Bangladesh Meteorological Department (BMD)

Wind

The monthly average wind speed and direction at Ishwardi Station for the Project site is given Table 4.17. The

wind speed varies from month to month in the area. The wind speed was higher in the month of September

and was lower in the months of August and January in the year of 2009.

Table 4.17 Average Monthly Wind Speed (m/s) and Direction in the Year of 2005-2009

Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

2005 3 NW

4.2W 3.1S 3.5S

3.6S

3.3SE

3.2SE

2.4S 4.3E 2.2NE 2.4N

2.6N

2006 2.4 NW

3.2W 2.8W

2.8S

3.3S

2.8S 4.1SE

4.1SE

4.5SE

2.2N 2NW

2.2NW

2007 2.4 NW

2.6W 3W 2.9S

2.7S

3.2SE

3.3SE

3SE 3.6SE

1.9Ne 2.2N

2.2NW

2008 2.2 NW

2.7NW

2.6S 3.1S

2.7S

3.1SE

1.9S 2.4S 3.3SE

2.1N 2.4N

1.6N

2009 1.9 N 2.4NW

2.8W

2.8S

2.9S

2.4S 3.2SE

2.2S 3.3SE

2.2NW

2.1N

2.1NW

Note: N- North, S- South, E- East, W- West, NW-North West, SE- South-East Sources: Bangladesh Meteorological Department (BMD)

4.3.2.4 Air Quality

The main sources of air pollutant emissions in the project areas are windblown dust from agricultural lands,

and emissions from domestic heating and cooking. Only small factories are located in the project area and it

is predominantly non-urbanized. Therefore, air quality in the project area is relatively good, comparative to

many other rural areas of Bangladesh. The consultants could not find any significant issues related to the air

quality during their field investigation. The location for air quality assessment has been done inside the project

boundary (Figure 4.15).

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Figure 4.15: Air Quality Monitoring at the Proposed DTC Site of IEPZ (adjacent to the guard room of the residential area)

The ambient air quality (AAQ) results have been illustrated in Table 4.18. The tests were performed by Adroit

Environmental Consultant Ltd Company. From the result, it can be concluded that AAQ is good at the project

site. Air quality measurement was done by the same method illustrated in section 4.2.2.3. According to the

result, the air quality is quite good. The SPM level, SO2 and NOX levels are below the standards specified in

ECR‟97 of DoE, GoB.

Table 4.18: Air Quality Results in the Proposed DTC, IEPZ Residential Area

Date Location SPM (μg/m3)

SO2 (μg/m3)

NOx (μg/m3)

29.09.2010 Inside the project boundary- (predominant wind direction)

107 15.5 17.5

Bangladesh Environmental Quality Standard , ECR‟97

Residential area 200 80 80

Sampling Duration - 8 hrs 8 hrs 8 Hrs Note: Air Quality tests performed by Adroit Environmental Consultant Ltd, Mohammadpur, Dhaka, October 2010.

4.3.2.5 Noise Level

The background noise level at the project area is low, due to the absence of heavy industries, large urban

development or other significant noise sources. Ten noise-monitoring sites were selected to undertake noise

monitoring to characterize existing noise environment around the proposed project site (Figure 4.16).

Figure 4.16: Noise Quality Monitoring at Proposed Project Site and Surrounding Area

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Table 4.19 summarizes the measured ambient noise levels at each monitoring location. The noise level was

found in the proposed DTC site of IEPZ is quite good. Inside the area, noise level is within the standard value.

According to the Zone Category; in the mixed area (Ref: Environmental Quality Standard 1997 and

subsequent amendment in 2006; mixed area means combination of residential and commercial or industrial

area) and surrounding residential area, noise level is slightly higher than the standard value. The noise level

inside the proposed DTC site of IEPZ was found 53.8 dB(A), 52.5 dB(A), 50.9 dB(A) and 54.7dB(A) in the

North, South, West and East side boundaries which are below the Bangladesh Environmental Quality

Standard of ECR‟97, which is55 dB(A).

Table 4.19 Noise Level Parameter in and around DTC, IEPZ


Noise Level dB (A)

Bangladesh Environmental Quality Standard , ECR’97

Remarks

Inside the boundary wall- North

Project site/ residential 53.8 55 Within the limit

Inside the boundary wall- South


Inside the boundary wall-West


Inside the boundary wall- east


Approach Road side (adjacent to the boundary wall)

Mixed 64.8 60 Slightly Higher

Homestead (100m distance from site)

Residential 62.5 55 Slightly Higher

Shops (200 m distance from site), Taltala Mor

Mixed 63.7 60 Slightly Higher

Main road to the EPZ Commercial 68.4 70 Within the limit

IEPZ gate Industrial 71.3 75 Within the limit

Zuktitala Primary School

Silent 52.3 50 Slightly Higher

Note: Noise Quality tests performed by the Department of Environmental Science, State University of Bangladesh


Surface Water Hydrology There is a pond just outside the proposed site (about 15 m away) (Figure 4.17). The pond area is about 1

acre. It contains water throughout the year (6m deep). The pond is currently used for bathing and fish culture.

This pond is inside the IEPZ residential area. The water quality parameters of the pond are given in Table

4.20. The quality of pond water is good as the concentration of contaminants is low and suitable for fish

culture.

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Figure 4.17: Pond Near to the Proposed DTC Site of IEPZ

Table 4.20 Surface Water Quality of DTC Site of IEPZ

Note: BDL- below detection level. Source: Department of Environmental Science, SUB, September 2010.


Ground water in and around the PIA of DTC, IEPZ area is quite good in quality. The people of that area use

hand pumps and power driven tube wells to extract groundwater from a depth of approximately 80 to 100 feet.

In September 2009, Groundwater samples were collected by SMEC from tap water in the project area. The

samples were analysed by the Department of Environmental Science lab at State University of Bangladesh.

The result of the groundwater field samples and the GoB standards for potable water (ECR, 1997) are shown

in Table 4.16. This water will be used for proposed DTC.

The concentration levels of pH, Alkanity, Mn. As, Fe, Ammonia Nitrate, total hardness, Chloride, Fecal

Coliform and Total Coliform for tube well were found within the acceptable limits (as shown below Table

4.21).

Date : 04.09.2010

Location of water: Pond water of IEPZ

SL#

Parameter Unit Result in DTC, IEPZ

Bangladesh Environmental Quality Standard , ECR’97 for Water Use for Pisciculture

World bank Standard for Aquaculture

1. pH - 7.6 6.5-8.5 6.5-9.0

2. DO mg/L 8.2 6 or less 5 or above

3. BOD mg/L 2.45 2 or above 2-15

4. COD mg/L 17.2 - -

5. TDS mg/L 119 - -

6. Oil and Grease mg/L BDL - -

7. Fe mg/L 0.05 - -

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Table 4.21 Ground Water Quality

Date : 04.09.2010

Location of water collection: Supply water of the residential area of IEPZ

Tube well depth: 180 feet

SL# Parameter Unit Result in DTC, IEPZ

Environmental Quality Standard 1997

1. pH - 7.1 6.5-8.5



4. Iron, Fe mg/L 0.5 0.3-1

5. Ammonia Nitrate mg/L 0 0.5



8. Fecal Coliform, FC n/100mL 0 0

9. Total Coliform, TC n/100mL 0 0 Source: Department of Environmental Science, SUB, September 2010.


The proposed site for the DTC is located towards the north side of the residential area of the IEPZ (Figure

3.6). The IEPZ is located about 2km away from the mighty Padma River at the north side. The DTC site is

connected with the Ishwardi-Pakshi National Highway by about 8m wide and about 4km long District Road

under RHD from the east side. It is currently under construction, as the bituminous pavement needs to be

constructed for this District Road. The present traffic on this road includes trucks, cars, tempo, rickshaws,

rickshaw vans, cycles and motorcycles. The LGED, HBB road cum railway embankment (access road of

DTC) runs from the District Road at north and west sides of the DTC site and connects with the DTC site. The

length and width of this access road portion are about 0.5 km and 4.5m respectively. This HBB road has been

damaged due to movement of heavily loaded trucks carrying sand from the Ganges River which needs to be

improved. The IEPZ authority has confirmed that they will improve this road prior to the commencement of

DTC construction.

Figure 4.18: Access Road and Drainage Canal in the Northern Side of the Proposed DTC site of IEPZ

4.3.2.8 Drainage Facility

The IEPZ authority has excavated an earthen drain on the east and north-western sides of the IEPZ

residential area which is located adjacent to the proposed DTC site. The earthen drain is about 1.5m wide and

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1m depth. Storm water from the DTC area is drained out to the Ganges River through this earthen drain box

culvert over the road cum railway embankment (Figure 4.18).


The status of the flora and fauna of the project area was determined by specific assessment of both the


through primary (transit walks and interviews) and secondary sources.


Medium sized trees such as mango, sil-koroi, shegun and meheguni are present along the boundary wall.

There are 27 trees inside the proposed site of IEPZ which need not to be cut for construction purposes. The

PIA area is highland with mixed vegetation. Crops cultivated at the surrounding area mainly include rice, rabi

crops (winter crops) and homestead vegetables. A sizeable number of fruit trees with economic value have

been observed in the PIA area including jackfruit and mangoes. Considerable number of trees and bushes in

the PIA site provide habitats for birds and other animals. The composition of plant community includes low

growing grasses, herbs, shrubs and trees. The data collected from the environmental reconnaissance survey

suggests that the predominant species are those of cultivated vegetables and trees. A detailed list of floral

species found in the project area is presented in Table 4.22.

Table 4.22 List of Flora Species in the PIA Area



Aegle marmelos Bel Rutaceae Tree Homestead C


Albizia richardiana Gagan shirish Leguminosae Tree Homestead C

Anthocephalus chinensis Kodam Rubiaceae Tree Roadside LC

Aponogeton crispus Ghetu Aponogetonaceae Herb Wetland LC






Barringtonia acutangula Hizol Lecythidaceae Tree Wetland C


Benincasa hispida Chalkumra Cucurbitaceae Herb Cultivated C

Bischofia javanica Kanjol Euphorbiaceae Tree Fallow land C

Bombax ceiba Shimul Bombacaceae Herb Homestead LC


Brassica oleracea var. botrytis

Phulkopi Cruciferae Herb Cultivated C

Brassica Juncea Raisharigha Cruciferae Herb Fallow land LC

Capsicum annum Kachamorich Solanaceae Herb Cultivated C


Centella asiatica Thankuni Ammiaceae Herb Fallow land C

Ceratophyllum demersum Jhajhi Ceratophyllaceae Herb Wetland C


Citrus grandis Jambura Rutaceae Tree Homestead C

Coccinea cordifolia Telakucha Cucurbitaceae Herb Fallow land C


Cucurbita maxima Mishti kumra Cucurbitaceae Herb Cultivated C

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Note: C-Common, LC- Less Common, UC- Uncommon, CU- Cultivated

A number of avian species were also observed in the area. These species are typical inhabitants of urban

fringes and are considered common in both local and regional levels. In addition to the avian species, the

area is also habitat to a variety of reptiles, mammals and invertebrates. These include fox, rodents, snakes,

etc. A detailed list of faunal species found in the project area is also presented in the Table 4.23 and 4.24

Cuscuta reflexa Shornalata Convolvulaceae Herb Epophytic LC

Cynodon dactylon Durba Poaceae Herb Road side C

Cyperus difformis Behua Cyperaceae Herb Fallow land LC

Dalbergia sisoo Sisso Leguminosae Tree Road side UC


Elaeocarpus robustus Jolpai Elaeocarpaceae Tree Homestead LC

Enhydra fluctuans Helencha Asteraceae Herb Wetland C

Ficus benghalensis Bot Moraceae Tree Roadside LC

Ficus hispida Dumur Moraceae Tree Roadside C

Ficus religiosa Assawath Moraceae Tree Roadside LC


Jussiaea repens Kesardam Onagraceae Herb Wetland C

Lablab purpureus Sim Leguminosae Herb Cultivated C



Leersia hexandra Aroli Poaceae Herb Fallow land LC

Leucaena leucocephala Ipil ipil Leguminosae Tree Roadside C

Litchi chinensis Litchu Sapindaceae Tree Homestead LC

Luffa cylindrica Dhundul Cucurbitaceae Herb Cultivated C


Momordica charantia Korolla Cucurbitaceae Herb Cultivated C


Musa pradisiaca Kachakola Musaceae Herb Cultivated C


Ocimum sanctum Tulshi Labiatae Herb Fallow land LC

Oryza stiva Dhan Poaceae Herb Cultivated C


Ricinus communis Verenda Euphorbiaceae Shrub Roadside LC

Rosa centifolia Golap Rosaceae Shrub Homestead C

Rottboellia protensa Barajati Poaceae Herb Fallow land C


Solanum melongena Begun Solanaceae Herb Homestead LC

Spondias pinnata Amra Anacardiaceae Tree Homestead LC


Tagetes patula Ganda Asteraceae Herb Homestead C

Tamarindus indica Tetula Leguminosae Tree Homestead LC


Terminalia arjuna Arjun Combretaceae Tree Homestead LC

Terminalia catappa Katbadam Combretaceae Tree Homestead C

Tilanthera philoxeroides Helencha Compositae Herb Fallow land C

Vetiveria zizanoides Bena Poaceae Herb Fallow land C

Zizyphus mauritiana Boroi Rhamnaceae Tree Homestead LC

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Table 4.23 List of Locally Available Bird Species

SL. No

Local name Scientific name Observation Status (During Field Visit)

1. Choto Machranga Alcedo athis

2. Tia Psittacula krameri

3. Paira Columba livia

4. Jongla Ghughu Streptopelia tranquebarica

5. Sada Bok Casmerodius albus

6. Pati kak Corvus splendens

7. Kalo Doyel Sanicoloides fulicafa

8. Bhat Shalik Acridotheres tristis

9. Charai Passer donesticus

10. Rashans Anser indicus

11. Bhubon Cheel Milvus migrans

12. Babui Ploceus philippinus

13. Bhadi Hans Cairina scutulata Source: Field Survey

Table 4.24 List of Wildlife Species found in the Project Area

Source: Field Survey


There are no rare or endangered species found in the project area according to the IUCN Red Data Book.


There are no sensitive of protected areas demarcated in the PIA.

4.3.4 Socio-Economic Environment


Ishwardi Thana, now an upazila, was established in 1906. This Upazila consists of one municipality, three

wards, seven union parishads, 150 mouzas and 113 villages (Ref: Banglapedia). Pakshi union falls under

Ishwardi UZ.


Following table reflects the population status of Ishwardi Upazila and Saraghat Union, under which the study

area is located (Table4.25).

SL. No Local name Scientific name Observation Status (During Field Visit)

Mammals

1. Ram Kutta Cuon alpinus

2. Kathbiral Ratufa bicolor

3. Bara Indur Bandicota indica

4. Nengti Indur Mus musculus

5. Biral Filis domesticus

Reptiles

6. Tik Tiki Hemidactylus flaviviridis

Amphibians

7. Kuno Bang Bufo melanostictus

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Table 4.25 Population Status of Ishwardi Upazila and Pakshi Union


Ishwardi UZ 236825 51.88 48.12

Pakshi Union 2124 54.66 45.34

S Pakshi Union

(Surveyed).

73 53.42 46.58



Average literacy rate in Ishwardi Upazila is 35.5%. Out of total population, male consist of 39.1% and females

at 31.6%. Educational institutions include 7 colleges, 1 agricultural college, 1 vocational textile college, 1 non-

government cadet college, 26 high schools, 7 girl's schools , 8 junior high schools, 1 vocational training

institute, 1 agricultural training institute, 21 madrasa, 66 government primary schools, and 28 non-government

primary schools.

In Pakshi union, 19% people has primary education, 33% self taught, 14% pass SSC or HSC level. (SMEC

Survey team).


Data revealed that the income group of Ishwardi UZ is divided into 8 major groups while there are four major

group identified by the study team in Pakshi Union. Following table is showing the distribution of income group

(Table 4.26).

Table 4.26: Occupational Status of Ishwardi Upazila and Pakshi Union

Groups by Occupation Ishwardi Upazila (%) Pakshi Union (%)

Agriculture 19.85 3.75

Agricultural laborer 17.11 -

Wage laborer 7.43 10

Business 19.17 30

Service 17.79 6.25

Transport 2.64 2.5

hawker 2.13 0

and others 13.88 36.25

Unemployed 11.25 11.25 Source: Population Census, 2001 and Field Survey, 2010

4.3.4.5 Religion

There are 94.99% Muslims, 3.85% Hindus and 1.16% others religion people live in Ishwardi UZ. There are

210 Mosques, 12 temples, 3 churches, 1 pagoda found in Ishwardi UZ. In Pakshi Union 95% people are

Muslim and rest 5% are Hindus religious (SMEC Survey Team).


The DTC of IEPZ project site is located in a semi-urban area and the utility services found are given below:

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Water supply in the Civilhat, Saraghat, 5-no-Saragopalpur, Bagalea and Zuktitala villagers is only

through tube wells fitted with hand pumps or electric pumps. There is no sewerage system in the

Civilhat, Saraghat, 5-no-Saragopalpur, Bagalea and Zuktitala villages. Most of the houses have

latrines with Katcha (temporary/not well structured pit latrine) and pucca (permanent structures pit

latrine).

b) Solid Waste

There are no solid waste management facilities in the Civilhat, Saraghat, 5-no-Saragopalpur,

Bagalea and Zuktitala areas. Generally household wastes are dumped in holes made on the ground

and on homestead premises.

c) Electricity

About 30% of the houses at Civilhat, Saraghat, 5-no-Saragopalpur, Bagalea and Zuktitala villages

are connected to electricity by the Rural Electrification Board (REB). The surrounding area of the

DTC of IEPZ area has been facilitated by REB electric connection.

d) Gas Connection

The people of the villages use wood and fossil fuel (e.g. Kerosene) for their cooking purposes. But

in IEPZ residential area, Western Gas Company Ltd. supplies gas. The Proposed DTC site will get

a gas connection from this source.

4.3.4.7 Public Health

People living around proposed DTC area are generally affected by water borne diseases such as diarrhoea,

dysentery, influenza, malaria, etc. Lack of poor sanitation and improper hygienic practices are the major

causes of these diseases.

4.3.4.8 Archeological, Historical and Cultural Sites/Resources

There are no places of historical and cultural importance, situated near the Ishwardi Upazila or within the

project site as per the field visit.


4.3.5.1 Flooding

The project site is free from normal seasonal flooding as depicted in Figure 4.9.


Based on the zoning explained in Section 4.2.5.2 and Figure 4.10, the project area falls within Zone II, which

is comprised of the middle regions of Bangladesh, and is moderately seismically active region in the country

(BNBC, 1996). Attention should be given to the design and operational aspects of the structures to make

them safe from earth quake hazards.

4.3.5.3 Cyclone and Storms

The site is located in a cyclone and storm surges free zone (Figure 4.11).

4.3.5.4 Erosion

The project area is free from river erosion. However, flooding of the road occurs during heavy local rainfalls.

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4.4 DTC of KEPZ


The Project Influence Area (PIA) comprises of areas as mentioned in Table 4.27. The PIA is semi urban.

There is a densely populated area in east and south side, agricultural land and sea shore at the west and

agricultural land at the north. The DTC site is located in the Ward No-40 (Patenga Thana) under Chittagong

Development Authority (CDA) in Chittagong District.

The following Table 4.27 presents the features of the PIA.

Table 4.27: Important Features of the Project Influence Area in accordance with Distance

SL No. Areas/ Places Direction Distance Features/ Remarks

1. Khejurtala South Adjacent HH

2. Narikeltala North 1 Km HH

3. Mahajanghata East 1 Km HH, SBE

4. CDDL colony East-West Adjacent zoutho Abasik

Elaka(Joint Residential

Colony)

5. GEM colony East Adjacent Do

6. TSP Colony East-West Adjacent Do

7. ECL colony East Adjacent Do

8. HCBL colony East 500 m Do

9. RAB-7 colony East- West Do

10. School (Zoutho Abashik

Colony primary school)

East-West Within CDDL

Colony

EHS

11. Embankment West 1Km Embankment to

prevent flooding by sea

water in case of natural

disaster

12. Sea Shore West 1.5 Km -

13. KEPZ East-West 1.25 Km Industrial Area

14. Naval Head Quarter North-East 2 km HH, SBE

15. Power grid Company

Ltd office and

transformer

East-West 1 Km EHS

Note: All directions are in reference to the DTC of KEPZ site HH- Households, SBE- Small Business Enterprise, EHS- Environmental Hotspots (mosque, madrasa, school, college)


The sub-sections below describe the major features of physical environment of the project site.

4.4.2.1 Topography

The overall topography of the Karnaphuli is undulated. But the DTC area is almost flat. The Karnaphuli Thana

is enclosed by a coastal embankment. No water bodies are located within the DTC site. The main land use

practice of the site in the past was agriculture. The ground elevation of the project area is 20 mPWD

(Graphosman. 1996).

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This PIA area is plain land in greater Chittagong district and the eastern part of Feni district. It is a compound

unit of river, tidal and estuarine floodplain landscapes. The major problem in the soil of this area is high

salinity during dry season (October to May). Grey silt loams and silty clay loam soils are predominant. Acid

Sulphate soil which is potentially extremely acidic occurs in mangrove tidal floodplains. Non-calcareous Grey

Floodplain soils, Non-calcareous Alluvium and Acid Sulphate soils are the major components of the General

Soil Types of the area. Average fertility level of the soil is medium, and N and K are limiting. Status of S is

high. Organic matter content is low to moderate and the status of Zn and B is medium (BARC, 2005) (Figure

4.2).

Soil samples from a depth of 1m of DTC of KEPZ were collected inside the project site (Figure 4.19) and

were analysed in the Department of Soil, Water and Environment, University of Dhaka. Test results are

illustrated in Table 4.28. Based on the findings of the soil quality results, it can be concluded that the quality of

soil in the project site is quite good. The values of heavy metals, i.e. Hg, Zn, As and Pb are well within the

permissible limits as compared to EU guidelines.

Figure 4.19: Collection of Soil Samples

Table 4.28: Soil Quality Results in DTC, KEPZ Area


Zinc (Zn) mg/kg

Arsenic (As) mg/kg

Lead (Pb) mg/kg

18.09.2010


0 32.8 10.7 0


0 4000 0 1200

Source: Department of Soil, Water and Environment, University of Dhaka, September 2010.

4.4.2.3 Climate

The climate of the project area is sub-tropical. A hot and humid pre-monsoon from March to mid May, a

prolonged southwest monsoon or rainy season from mid May to September, a pleasant post-monsoon or

retreating monsoon from October to November and a cold pleasant winter from December to February are the

characteristics of the general climate. Summer runs concurrently with the later part of the pre-monsoon

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season and continues throughout the monsoon season. Climatic data were obtained from the station based at

Chittagong, about 20 km away from the project area.

Temperature

The monthly average maximum and minimum temperatures as recorded at the Chittagong weather station

are depicted in Figure 4.20 and Figure 4.21. The yearly average minimum temperature is 22.3º C and yearly

average maximum temperature is 31.6º C based on five year monthly average temperature data.

Figure 4.20 Mean Monthly Maximum Temperatures (oC) 2004-2008

Source: Bangladesh Meteorological Department

Figure 4.21 Mean Monthly Minimum Temperatures (oC) 2004-2008

Source: Bangladesh Meteorological Department Rainfall

The mean monthly rainfall for the rainfall station in closest proximity to the project area, Chittagong weather

station, is shown in Figure 4.22. The total yearly rainfall (mm) readings were as 2819, 2375, 2440, 3885 and

3102 in the year of 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 and 2008 respectively. Highest monthly rainfalls usually occur

during June-September period.

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Figure 4.22 Mean Monthly Rainfalls (mm) 2004-2008

Source: Bangladesh Meteorological Department

Humidity

Humidity levels are consistently very high during monsoons, and drop significantly for a relatively short period

at the end of the dry season. Table 4.29 represents the monthly average relative humidity data at Chittagong

in the year of 2004 to 2008. Average monthly humidity was highest in the month of July and August (87%),

and the lowest in the month of February (66%).

Table 4.29 average monthly humidity (%) data in the in the 2004-2008

Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

2004 71 58 68 72 73 79 83 81 81 75 65 62

2005 64 64 74 69 71 78 82 85 80 78 71 72

2006 72 73 63 72 78 80 82 80 82 79 73 76

2007 74 69 59 75 76 79 87 77 84 79 80 73

2008 76 65 78 68 74 82 87 87 82 79 74 79 Source: Bangladesh Meteorological Department

Wind

Wind speeds are maximum in the early part of the monsoon, but drop substantially by the beginning of the dry

season. Wind direction is mainly from North to Northwest during the dry season and from South to Southeast

during the wet season. Table 4.30 & 4.31 shows the wind direction and Wind speed from 2005 to 2007 (July)

in and around the project area.

Table 4.30 Maximum Wind Speed at Chittagong Weather Station

Month/Year 2005 2006 2007

January 7.1 8.4 5.6

February 8.4 7.0 8.4

March 16.8 8.4 10.5

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April 14.3 15.7 14.3

May 7.0 9.8 9.4

June 9.8 8.4 11.5

July 11.9 12.6 10.6

August 9.9 9.8 8.3

September 5.6 8.4 9.9

October 16.8 14.0 13.2

November 7.0 6.7 8.8

December 9.7 12.6 10.2 Source: Bangladesh Meteorological Department

Table 4.31 Prevailing Wind Direction at Chittagong Weather Station

Month/Year 2005 2006 2007

January North-west North North

February North-west North-west North

March West North North-west

April West North-west West

May South-west South South-west

June West North West

July North-west West West

August West North North-west

September West West North-west

October West West West

November West North-West North-west

December North-west North-West North, North-west Source: Bangladesh Meteorological Department

4.4.2.4 Air Quality

In order to establish baseline air quality, monitoring program was undertaken at the project area (Figure

4.23). An eight hourly air samples were collected through high volume air sampler at Zoutho Abashik Colony,

Patenga at the proposed DTC site. Monitoring was done for SPM, SOX, and NOX and monitoring results are

given in Table 4.32. The tests were performed by Adroit Environmental Consultant Ltd Company. All air

quality parameters were found to be within acceptable standards.

Figure 4.23: Air Quality Monitoring at Project Site of DTC, KEPZ

Table 4.32 Air Quality Results in DTC, KEPZ Area

Item Location SPM (μg/m3)

SOx (μg/m3)

NOx (μg/m3)

Date: 29th September 2010 Inside the project boundary- (predominant wind direction)

156 30.3 52.8

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Bangladesh Environmental Quality Standard , ECR‟97 for residential area

Residential area 200 80 80

Sampling Duration - 8 hrs 8 hrs 8 hrs

Source: Adroit Environmental Consultant Ltd Company, Mohammadpur, Dhaka. October 2010.

4.4.2.5 Noise Level

Table 4.33 summarizes the measured ambient noise levels at each monitoring location. The noise levels

found in the proposed DTC area of KEPZ has been illustrated in the Table 4.33. Inside the proposed area the

noise level is slightly high because of the surrounding colony. In the mixed zone (details in section 4.3.2.5),

the noise level is higher than the standard of DOE guidelines. According to the result, all sides of the

proposed DTC site boundary, the noise levels are below the Bangladesh Standard, ECR‟1997 (Table 4.33).

Figure 4.24: Noise Monitoring at Project Site of DTC, KEPZ

Table 4.33: Noise Level Parameter in and around DTC, KEPZ


Noise Level dB (A)

Bangladesh Environmental Quality Standard ECR’97 at day Time dB (A)

Remarks

Inside the boundary wall- North Project site/ residential 52.4 55 Within limit

Inside the boundary wall- South Project site/ residential 56.3 55 Slightly high

Inside the boundary wall-West Project site/ residential 51.5 55 Within limit

Inside the boundary wall- east Project site/ residential 57.8 55 Slightly high

Approach Road side Mixed 67.5 60 Slightly high

Homestead (Adjacent of site) Residential 61.2 55 High

Shops (50 m distance) Mixed 68.9 60 Slightly high

Mahajanghat Commercial 73.7 70 Slightly high

KEPZ gate Industrial 77.1 75 Slightly high

School (near to the site CDDL Primary School)

Silent 57.3 50

Slightly high

Note: Noise Quality tests performed by the Department of Environmental Science, State University of Bangladesh, October 2010.


Surface Water Hydrology

There are no surface water resources in the PIA of the site.


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Ground water is a major issue in the proposed DTC area of KEPZ. The ground water level is shallow (25-40

feet) but the water is high in salinity and iron content. The salinity is about 1.2 ppt which is above the limit of

drinking water quality standard of GOB. Ground water sample from shallow tube well was collected from the

Khezurtala village, (Figure 4.25) Western side of the proposed DTC of KEPZ in September 2009. As the

source of drinking water will be from water treatment plant (WTP) of KEPZ, groundwater sample from shallow

tube-well was also collected from tap water in the KEPZ office in October 2009. These samples were

analysed by the Department of Environmental Science lab at State University of Bangladesh. Though the

concentration levels of pH, Alkanity, Mn, As, Ammonium Nitrate, total hardness, Chloride, Fecal coliform,

Total Coliform for tube well were found within the acceptable limit set by the DOE, GoB for potable water,

Iron content was found to be quite high as well as the salinity (Table 4.34).

For this ground water problem, people in

Zoutho Abashik Colony area are using

Chittagong WASA water for drinking purpose.

But the availability of the water is irregular.

According to the consultation of the BEPZA,

they will use water from the KEPZ water

treatment plant (WTP). The water quality of the

WTP of KEPZ is within the range of

Bangladesh drinking water quality parameters,

ECR‟97. (Table 4.34)

Figure 4.25: Collection of Water Sample at Project Site

Table 4.34: Ground Water Quality

Date : 18.09.2010

Location of water collection: Khezurtala village, KEPZ

Tube well depth: 180 feet

SL# Parameter Unit Result in DTC, DEPZ


1. pH - 7.7 6.5-8.5



4. Iron, Fe mg/L 1.6 0.3-1

5. Ammonia Nitrate mg/L 0.01 0.5




9. Total Coliform, TC no/100ml 0 0

10. Salinity ppt 1.2 0 Source: Department of Environmental Science Lab., State University of Bangladesh, September, 2010 But the KEPZ supply water was good for drinking and other purpose. The Water test result depicted below (Table 4.35).

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Table 4.35: Water Quality of the Supply water of KEPZ

Date : 10.10.2010

Place of water collection: KEPZ Supply water

SL# Parameter Unit Result in DTC, DEPZ


1. pH - 7.1 6.5-8.5


3. Arsenic, As mg/L MDL 0.05

4. Iron, Fe mg/L 0.5 0.3-1

5. Ammonia Nitrate mg/L 0 0.5




9. Total Coliform, TC no/100ml 0 0

10. Salinity ppt 0 0 Source: Department of Environmental Science laboratory. State University of Bangladesh, October, 2010

4.4.2.7 Drainage and Sewerage Facility

The drainage network of any area is a very important in order to avoid water logging problems caused by the

storm and sewage water. There is a combined open drainage system (1.22 m in wide) attached to the access

road of the proposed DTC, KEPZ site which receives both storm and sewage water from the existing

settlement (Zoutho Abashik Colony). This drain has been set up by CDA (Chittagong Development Authority)

and is connected with another drainage line (15 m in width) (Figure 4.26) that meets with the sluice gate

(Sluice gate no. SS-9) located at the coastal embankment which is currently not working properly.

Figure 4.26: Drainage system in Zoutho Abashik Colony


Good and relatively shorter access road up to the project site is Zoutho Abashik Colony Road. It is a

bituminous paved road and its overall condition is good for transportation. The access road is about 1 Km

long and 7.0 m wide. The road connects to the Patenga road in the east at Mohajonghata and ends at CDDL

colony in the west. A 1m wide and 1m deep RCC drain runs along the access road (Figure 4.26 and Figure

3.8). At the end of this road, there is a brick wall across the road which blocks the road (Photo). This brick wall

needs to be dismantled to connect the DTC site with the Patenga road. The KEPZ authority has already

settled this requirement with the authority of CDDL. From the brick wall about 150m long earth access road up

to the DTC site needs to be constructed prior to commencement of construction of DTC buildings, but no land

acquisition is required as confirmed by KEPZ. The transportation on this access road is mainly through

rickshaws (three wheels man driven), bicycles, motorcycles, and staff buses. Traffic jams were not observed

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on this road (Figure 4.27). Access road side infrastructure includes houses, small shops, offices, school,

mosques, trees, boundary walls, etc.

Figure 4.27: Blockage wall and Access Road in Zoutho Abashik Colony

Photo : Blockage brick wall to enter the DTC site of KEPZ

Photo: Access Road which runs up to the DTC site of KEPZ


The status of the biological resources of the project area was determined by field assessment of both the


through primary (transit walk, interviews) and secondary sources.


The PIA is highland with mixed vegetation. Crops cultivated at the surrounding mainly include rice, rabi crops

(winter crops) and homestead vegetables. A sizeable number of fruit trees with economic value have been

observed in the PIA. The fruit trees include jackfruit and mangoes. Considerable number of trees and bushes

in the PIA site provide habitat for birds and other animals. The composition of plant community includes low

growing grasses, trees, herbs and shrubs. The data collected from the environmental reconnaissance survey

suggests that the predominant species are those of cultivated vegetables and trees. A detailed list of floral

species found in the project area is given in Table 4.36 to this report.

Table 4.36: List of Flora Available in the PIA of the DTC of KEPZ










Benincasa hispida Chalkumra Cucurbitaceae Herb Cultivated C

Bischofia javanica Kanjol Euphorbiaceae Tree Fallow land C


Brassica oleracea var. botrytis Phulkopi Cruciferae Herb Cultivated C

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Note: C-Common, LC- Less Common, UC- Uncommon, CU- Cultivated Source: Field level survey

Capsicum annum Kachamorich Solanaceae Herb Cultivated C


Centella asiatica Thankuni Ammiaceae Herb Fallow land C


Citrus grandis Jambura Rutaceae Tree Homestead C

Coccinea cordifolia Telakucha Cucurbitaceae Herb Fallow land C


Cucurbita maxima Mishti kumra Cucurbitaceae Herb Cultivated C

Cuscuta reflexa Shornalata Convolvulaceae Herb Epophytic LC

Cynodon dactylon Durba Poaceae Herb Road side C

Cyperus difformis Behua Cyperaceae Herb Fallow land LC

Dalbergia sisoo Sisso Leguminosae Tree Road side UC


Ficus benghalensis Bot Moraceae Tree Roadside LC

Ficus hispida Dumur Moraceae Tree Roadside C

Ficus religiosa Assawath Moraceae Tree Roadside LC


Lablab purpureus Seem Leguminosae Herb Cultivated C



Leucaena leucocephala Ipil ipil Leguminosae Tree Roadside C

Luffa cylindrica Dhundul Cucurbitaceae Herb Cultivated C


Momordica charantia Korolla Cucurbitaceae Herb Cultivated C



Ocimum sanctum Tulshi Labiatae Herb Fallow land LC

Oryza stiva Dhan Poaceae Herb Cultivated C


Ricinus communis Verenda Euphorbiaceae Shrub Roadside LC

Rosa centifolia Golap Rosaceae Shrub Homestead C

Rottboellia protensa Barajati Poaceae Herb Fallow land C


Solanum melongena Begun Solanaceae Herb Homestead LC

Spondias pinnata Amra Anacardiaceae Tree Homestead LC


Tagetes patula Ganda Asteraceae Herb Homestead C


Terminalia catappa Katbadam Combretaceae Tree Homestead C

Tilanthera philoxeroides Helencha Compositae Herb Fallow land C

Vetiveria zizanoides Bena Poaceae Herb Fallow land C

Jhao

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The proposed DTC site of KEPZ is a mixed vegetation land. The land was used for agricultural purpose in the

past. It has been estimated that a total of 38 trees (32 medium and 6 large) need to be removed prior to

commencement of site development (Table 4.37). Also for the development of the DTC access road owned

by KEPZ authority (earthen part), a total of 87 trees (29 large, 18 medium and 40 banana trees) need to be

removed (Table 4.38).

Table 4.37: Trees in the proposed DTC site, KEPZ

Name (Local/ Common) Scientific name Size Number

Blackberry (Jam) Syzygium cumini Large 3

Badi/ Jiga Lannea grandis Medium 9

Badi/ Jiga Lannea grandis Medium 20

Shil Koroi Albizia procera Large 1

Boroi (Jujube) Zizyphus mauritiana Medium 3

Dumur Ficus hispida Large 1

Akashia Acacia aurculiformios Large 1 Source: Field level survey

Table: 4.38: Trees in the Access Road of the Proposed DTC Site, KEPZ

Name (Local/ Common) Scientific name Size Number

Blackberry (Kalo Jam) Syzygium cumini Large 1

Badi/ Jiga Lannea grandis Large 4

Shil Koroi Albizia procera Large 1

Coconut (Narikel) Cocos nucifera Large 7

Coconut (Narikel) Cocos nucifera Medium 1

Guava Psidium guajava small 2

Gub Diospyros peregrine Large 1

Cotton (Tula) Gossypium herbaceum Large 1

Papaya Carica papaya small 10

Nut (kathbadam) Terminalia catappa Large 2

Supari Areca catechu small 1

Chlata Dellenia indica Large 1

Jackfruit Artocarpus heterophyllus Large 1

Banana Musa sapientum medium 40

Lemon Citrus aurantifolia Medium 2

Neem Azadirachta indica Medium 1

Date tree (khejur) Phoenix sylvestris Medium 1

Mango (aam) Mangifera indica Large 10

Source: Field level survey

A number of avian species were also observed in the area. These species are typical inhabitants of urban

fringes and are considered common on both at local and regional levels. In addition to the avian species, the

area is also habitat to a variety of reptiles, mammals and invertebrates. (Table 4.39 and 4.40)

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Table 4.39: List of Avian Species Available in the PIA of the DTC of KEPZ

SL.

No

Local name Scientific name Observation Status (During

Field Visit)

1. Choto Machranga Alcedo Athis

2. Paira Columba Livia

3. Jongla Ghughu Streptopelia Tranquebarica

4. Kani Bok Ardeola Grayii

5. Pati kak Corvus Splendens

6. Kalo Doyel Sanicoloides Fulicafa

7. Bhat Shalik Acridotheres Tristis

8. Charai Passer Donesticus

9. Bhubon Cheel Milvus Migrans

10. Babui Ploceus Philippinus

11. Bhadi Hans Cairina Scutulata

Source: Field level survey

Table 4.40: List of Wildlife Species Available in the PIA of the DTC of KEPZ

Sl. No Local name Scientific name Observation Status (During Field Visit)

Mammals

1. Shial Canis Aureus Linnaeus

2. Ram Kutta Cuon Alpinus

3. Badur Pteropus Giganteus

4. Kathbiral Ratufa Bicolor

5. Nengti Indur Mus Musculus

6. Metho Indur Mus Booduga

7. Biral Filis Domesticus

Reptiles

8. Dura Shap Enhydris Enhydris

9. Tik Tiki Hemidactylus Flaviviridis

Amphibians

10. Kuno Bang Bufo Melanostictus

11. Sona Bang Rana Cyanophyctis Source: Field level survey, September-October 2010.


There are no rare or endangered species in the study area according to the IUCN red data Book.


There are no sensitive of protected areas demarcated in the PIA.

4.4.4 Socio Economic Environment


Patenga Thana (Ex Bandar Thana) consists of 5 wards and 9 mouzas. The DTC site is located at Zoutho

Abashik Elaka (Joint Residential Area) in Patenga Thana under Chittagong District.

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Following table 4.41 reflects the population status of Patenga Thana (ex. Bandar Thana) and surveyed area,

under which the study area is located.

Table 4.41 Population Status of Patenga Thana


Patenga Thana ( ex

Bandar Thana)

80448 54.39 45.61

Patenga Thana

(Surveyed)

260 52.69 47.31



Average literacy rate in this area is 56.5% with males at 63.3%, and females at 46.8%. Educational

institutions found in the area include 3 colleges, 18 high schools, 3 madrasas, 19 primary schools and 1

marine academy.


Data revealed that the income group of Patenga Thana is divided into 9 major groups. Following table 4.42 is

showing the distribution of income group.

Table 4.42 Occupational Status of Patenga Thana

Groups by Occupation Patenga Thana Surveyed Results

Agriculture 1.46 0

Fishery 1.29 0

Agricultural laborer 1.99 0

Wage laborer 3.02 0

Industry 2.04 0

Business 11.7 0

Service 53.2 5

Construction 1.4 22.30

Others (Housewife and student) 17.2 72.69 Source: Population Census, 2001 and Field Survey, 2010

4.4.4.5 Religion

People in Patenga Thana includes 92.5% Muslims, 6.95% Hindus and 0.9% others and ethnic nationals

include Chakma, Marma, Larma and Tripura. There are 30 Mosques, 4 tombs and 8 temples in Patenga

Thana area.


The DTC of KEPZ project site is situated within a mixture of semi-urban densely populated area and agricultural rural area. The utility services found in this area are given below:

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Colonies close to the project site get water supply from Chittagong WASA but this water is in poor

quality as said by the residents. Colonies have sanitary latrines. In the village area 100% people

use pucca sanitary latrines.

b) Solid Waste

Different size dustbins exist inside the Zoutho Abashik Elaka (Joint Residential Area). People of this

colony discard solid waste in these dustbins and the CDA takes the waste on a regular basis.

c) Electricity

The PDB of Bangladesh gives electricity line to Zoutho Abashik Elaka (Joint Residential Area).

d) Gas Connection

The people of that area use natural gas through pipes connected by Bakhrabad Gas Company.

4.4.4.7 Archaeological, Historical and Cultural Sites/Resources

According to the Director of Archaeology and Museums, there are no places of historical and cultural

importance situated near the Patenga Thana or within the project site.


4.4.5.1 Flooding

The project site is free from normal seasonal flooding as depicted in Figure 4.9


The project area falls within Zone II, which is comprised of the middle regions of Bangladesh, and is a

moderately seismically active region in the country (Figure 4.10), (BNBC, 1996). Attention should be given to

the design and operational aspects of the structures to make them safe from earthquake hazards.

4.4.5.3 Erosion

The project area is free from river erosion.

4.4.5.4 Cyclone and Tidal Surges

The proposed area of DTC of KEPZ has potential risk of cyclones and tidal surges. In 29 April 1991 cyclone

caused massive disaster in Chittagong area and as a result, the whole coastal belt of Bangladesh including

Chittagong City was inundated at about 2m water depth. About 138,000 people and many livestock were

killed and infrastructure especially roads and coastal embankments were badly damaged due to this

catastrophic cyclone. (Figure 4.11)

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5 IDENTIFICATION AND ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS

5.1 Identification of Potential Impacts

This chapter identifies the potential impacts related with project location, design construction and operation

phases of the project on the physical, biological and socioeconomic domains of the environment. An

environmental impact is defined as any change to an existing condition of the environment. Identification of

potential impacts has been done on the basis of baseline data collected from secondary and primary sources.

Identification of potential impacts due to the project site development is shown in checklist (Annex 5.1;

Checklist 1, 2 & 3) for the DTC site of DEPZ, IEPZ and KEPZ respectively. In the checklist, activities, which

may affect the environment due to various stages of the project actions, are listed and the degrees of

Significant Environmental Impacts (SEIs) are shown. The terms “none”, “insignificant”, “moderate” and

“significant” are used in the checklist to classify the magnitude of SEIs. Environmental impacts can be broadly

classified as those taking place during pre-construction, construction and operational phases of the project.

Activities involved affecting environmental resources at different phases of the project implementation as well

as potential /significant environmental impacts are discussed below.

5.2 DTC of DEPZ

5.2.1 Impacts during Pre-Construction

5.2.1.1 Utility (Electricity)

REB electric line that passes over the proposed DTC site of DEPZ needs to be shifted prior to commencing

construction. This line will be hazardous to workers‟ health and safety during construction phase. As the

proposed DTC buildings are designed to build 3-story dormitory and 2-story training centre which will affect

the 33KV electric line of the REB during construction.

5.2.2 Impacts during Construction

Environmental impacts of the construction phase are expected to be temporary. Construction impacts are

considered to be minimal as all the construction works will be carried out within the site and will be managed

via the mitigation measures defined in the EMP section.


NOx and SOx except SPM value is currently below the DoE standards based on the baseline monitoring data

(Table 4.6). During construction phase, SPM is expected to be the main pollutant associated with earthwork

activities and material handling. The major earthwork activity would be excavation for basement and

foundations for buildings and internal access roads. The construction equipment/vehicles, using fuel and

diesel and movements of vehicles will also contribute to air pollution releasing hazardous air emissions such

as NOX, SO2, etc. This will impact the air quality affecting the immediate vicinity of the work area.

There are densely populated settlements intimately surrounding the proposed DTC site of DEPZ. So the air

pollution can cause negative impacts on surrounding villages such as Vadail and Pabnertek and the mosque.

Another possible source of air pollution will be dust due to handling of cement, breaking of bricks/boulders,

mixing of concrete ingredients and burning of bitumen for internal roads. However, due to the openness of

construction sites and wind conditions, the dust and engine emissions are expected to have limited effects on

the existing air quality. The anticipated air quality problem will be short lived, localized and minor lasting

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during the construction stage only.


According to baseline monitoring data, noise levels in the DTC site has exceeded the DoE standard mainly

due to adjacent access road construction that is currently going on (Table 4.7). Noise levels in and around the

construction sites could further increase as a result of operating construction machinery and during unloading

and loading of construction materials. A number of machinery and equipment will be required for the

construction of the proposed project and will depend upon the construction methodology for various types of

works. However, the equipment/vehicles will broadly consist of mixture machine, concrete vibrator,

brick/boulder breaking machine, dump trucks, transport vehicles, etc. which will cause noise pollution. Most of

these will use diesel engines that generate noise and exhaust emissions.

5.2.2.3 Sewage Pollution

During construction phase, the proposed site shall be occupied by officials, contractor personnel and labour

force (about 100 persons/day). Inadequate and unhygienic sanitation facility can pollute the surrounding lands

as well as diseases might be spread out among the workers and adjacent villagers. Sewage waste also might

be the source of odor pollution to the local environment.

5.2.2.4 Solid Waste

The construction process will take 1.5 to 2 years and as a result the worker camps will take a semi permanent

appearance. The majority of waste likely to get generated will include rubbish, ashes and residues, etc. These

wastes will be generated due to labour camp, construction activities and materials used for construction. If

inadequate arrangements exist for the disposal of above mentioned wastes, there will be negative impact on

the soil, aesthetic beauty of area and workers‟ health and safety. Possibilities of bitumen and oil leaks spread

of contaminants brought through material transport including invasive species, etc.

5.2.2.5 Landscape

Landscape refers to the appearance of the land, including shape, texture, color and features. The landscape

of an area can contribute to people‟s enjoyment of built and natural environments, attract investment, assist in

development, promote biodiversity and affect drainage patterns.

Some changes to landscapes may be temporary such as temporary storage of construction material, items of

equipment (e.g. piling), vehicles, etc., which may be visible from the distance whilst others may be more

permanent such importing material and the building up areas, the establishment of facility buildings, and

chimneys/stacks.

While the existing site is currently a vacant land surrounded by settlements, the development of the Project

will change the topography and landscape of the area and will become a prominent feature.

5.2.2.6 Access Road/ Traffic Congestion

The transportation and use of heavy equipment and trucks would be required during construction for the

movement of construction material. Both access roads need to be used during construction period. The

overall conditions of both the access roads are not good which need to be improved prior to starting the

construction activities. Trucks, rickshaws, motor cycles, rickshaw vans and EPZ workers use these access

roads and as a result, traffic jams can occur specially during morning and evening times as mentioned by the

local people during FGD. The construction vehicles will add more traffic and road congestions. This has the

potential to directly impact traffic flow of the access roads becoming an inconvenience for regular road users.

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Also due to the movement of the construction materials carrying vehicles the potential for accidents in the

access roads will also increase.

5.2.2.7 Job Opportunity

At the peak of construction phase, it is likely to provide employment of nearly 100 personnel in various

positions, according to BEPZA and the contractor will be responsible for creating these employment

opportunities. Priority will need to be given to the local community for unskilled labour. This may result in an

increase on household income.

5.2.2.8 Business Opportunity

At the time of construction, due to the demand of construction materials, construction workers food and other

necessaries may create a negative, as well as positive impact to the surrounding areas of DTC site. The

demand may create short-fall for the people in the area, as well as people can enhance their businesses in

supplying daily needed commodities, over-the-counter medicines, fast/ dry foods and training accessories.

They can also boost up their business through laundry and washing facilities.

5.2.2.9 Occupational Health & Safety

Construction workers may face occupational health hazards such as minor or major injuries due to lack of

general safety requirements and precautions applicable for such sites, malfunctioning equipment, careless

use of equipment and vehicles, etc. At the construction site, camps will be constructed for temporary

accommodation for about 100 workers. Poorly designed sanitation facilities may pose a health threat and

nuisance to the workers. Uncontrolled vending of food and drinking water on the work site may also pose a

risk with respect to the transmission of contagious diseases like Typhoid, Diarrhea, Malaria, Dengue, etc.

Construction workers may be required to handle hazardous materials such as cement and bitumen therefore

increasing health risks.

5.2.2.10 Nearby Public Health and Safety

Improper H&S policy maintained at the site may lead to outbreak of different diseases to the surrounding

communities through the sick construction workers.

5.2.3 Impacts during Operation

Operational impacts continue during the life of the project after the completion of construction phase and

these impacts are long lasting and in some cases permanent. Following sub-sections provide some of the

likely impacts.

5.2.3.1 Solid Waste

There will be 650 persons (600 female workers and about 50 other employees) staying within the DTC. It is

estimated that the 325 kg (JAICA 2005) municipal solid wastes (organic and inorganic) per day

(0.5kg/person/day) will be generated during the operation phase, which need to be disposed effectively and

timely manner. Improper management of solid waste may lead to soil and ground water contamination

through the generation of leachate. Bad odour due to non-removal of waste regularly will also cause

unhealthy conditions in the DTC and surrounding area including attracting nuisance animals such as flies and

mosquitoes. Overall, negative impacts are predicted due to solid waste during the operation phase if handling

and disposal of solid wastes will not be carried out in accordance with a proper waste management plan.

5.2.3.2 Sewage Disposal

Appropriate sewage disposal system has to be developed for the proposed DTC site of DEPZ. Otherwise the

EA for NARI Project


untreated/ unmanaged sewage will create soil and ground water pollution. It will also create bad odor which

will be unhealthy for the people live in and around the proposed DTC site. Untreated sewerage will also cause

human health diseases if contaminated to ground water or soil (toxicological effects).

5.2.3.3 Transport Linkage

The proposed DTC area of DEPZ is a semi urban area. The access road is narrow and small and light

vehicles are moving around regularly. In addition to 600 training women living in the proposed DTC of DEPZ

for 6 months at a time, trainers and other related technical persons will be mobilized to the DTC area. So

transport facilities will be increased.

5.2.3.4 Job Opportunities

The Proposed DTC will create permanent job opportunity for around 50 persons in various official capacities

and posts. BEPZA will create 5 permanent positions for managerial activities. A NGO will be selected for

cleaning, security, food supply, cooking and other purposes. Operations management will be instructed to

fulfill the vacant post by eligible local people. In addition, after receiving training, 1200 female workers/year

may get job opportunities in home or abroad. It will not only lead to increase in household income but also

contribute towards national economic uplift.

5.2.3.5 Landscape / Tree Plantation

Landscaping would be one of the most important features of this DTC of DEPZ. A total of 0.97 acres of land

out of 5 acres is designated for tree plantation (19.5% of total area) with 35% green space as open space.

Essentially, the open spaces and tree plantation area within the DTC premises are centered at the following

locations:

Entrance of the DTC area

Inside along the boundary

Around the open spaces.

The tree plantation in the DTC area will not only function as landscape features resulting in harmonizing and

amalgamating the physical structures of proposed buildings with surrounding environment but will also acts as

pollution sink/noise barrier. It will protect soil erosion, make the ecosystem more diversified and functionally

more stable, make the climate more conducive and help to restore the natural balance.

5.2.3.6 Occupational Health and Safety

There could be some health and safety risks that may occur during the stay of training women in the dormitory

and training time and these are:

Accidents due to move/ fall down from the roof/ balcony and using the stairs

Fire hazards from loose electric lines/ cooking stoves/ careless handling of material that can generate

fire

Inadequate lighting and ventilation in and outside the DTC buildings

Poor water supply and sanitation facilities

Poor cleanliness of the building occupants

Lack of daily cleaning and regular maintenance of the buildings and the surrounding land.

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5.3 DTC of IEPZ


5.3.1.1 Access Entry Gate/Culvert on Earth Drain

There is no separate access entry gate and drainage culvert over the earth drain for the proposed DTC site of

IEPZ area which needs to be done prior to start of building construction activities, as the construction vehicles

and workers will not be able to enter into the DTC site.


During the construction phase, there are possibilities of environmental pollution. These impacts are short term

and minimized after construction.


As mentioned earlier current NOx, SOx, SPM values are within the DOE standard based on the monitoring

data (Table 4.18). During construction phase, SPM is expected to be the main pollutant associated with

earthwork activities and material handling. The major earthwork activity would be excavation for basement

and foundations for buildings and internal access roads. The construction equipment/vehicles, using fuel and

diesel will create air pollution releasing hazardous air emissions such as NOX, SO2,. This impact on air quality

during earth excavation works will also likely to affect to the immediate vicinity of the construction site.

The surrounding area of the DTC site of IEPZ is rural in nature. Air pollution will cause negative impact on

surrounding villages such as Vadail and Pabnertek.


mixture of concrete ingredients and burning of bitumen for internal roads. However, due to the openness of

construction sites and wind conditions, the dust and engine emissions are expected to have limited effect on

the air quality. The anticipated air quality problem will be short lived, localized and minor lasting during the

construction stage only.


According to baseline monitoring data, the current noise levels in the DTC site has not been exceeded the

DoE standard (Table 4.19). But noise levels in and around the construction sites could increase as a result of

operating construction machinery and during unloading and loading of construction materials during

construction phase. Number of machinery and equipment will be required for the construction of the proposed

project. The equipment required will depend upon the construction methodology for various types of works.

However, the equipment/vehicles will broadly consist of mixture machine, concrete vibrator, brick/boulder

breaking machine, dump trucks, transport vehicles, etc., which will cause noise pollution. Most of these will

use diesel engines that generate noise and exhaust emissions.

5.3.2.3 Surface Water Pollution

As mentioned in earlier in table 4.20, the quality of existing pond water is good and has not exceeded the

DoE standard values. But the quality of the surface water of the nearby pond (15m far from DTC) may be

deteriorated if the discharge of hazardous bentonite mixed liquid waste (generated during piling work) and

dumping of solid wastes are done near or into the pond. Accidental spillage and construction site surface run-

off also could pollute the water in the pond.

EA for NARI Project


5.3.2.4 Sewage Pollution/ Sanitation Hazard

During construction phase, the proposed site shall be occupied by about 100 workers. Inadequate and

unhygienic sanitation facility shall pollute the surrounding areas including the pond as well as diseases might

be spread out among the workers and surrounding villagers. Sewage waste also might be the source of odor

pollution to the local environment.

5.3.2.5 Solid Waste Disposal

The construction process will take 1-2 years, with the result the camps will take on a semi permanent

appearance. The people and the changes they bring can have significant impacts on the local communities

and social structures. The major waste likely to get generated is mostly of rubbish, ashes and residues,

demolition materials. These wastes will be generated due to construction camp, construction activities and

materials used for construction. If inadequate arrangements exist for the disposal of above mentioned wastes,

this will have a negative impact on the soil, surface water and aesthetic beauty of area.

5.3.2.6 Landscape

Some changes to landscapes may be temporary such as the construction compounds and lay-down areas

and items of equipment (e.g. piling) whilst others may be more permanent such importing material and the

building up areas above flood levels or the establishment of facility buildings, and chimneys/stacks. The

development of the Project will change the topography and landscape of the Project site and become a

prominent feature.

During the construction stage of the Project, at the site location there will be some distinguishable items of

equipment on site including piling, cranes trucks, which may be visible from a distance. Aesthetic beauty plays

an important role in improving the working environment of an area. The building provision can improve the

aesthetics of an area and thereby improving the work efficiency.

5.3.2.7 Road/ Traffic Congestion

The transportation and use of heavy equipment and trucks would be required during construction. Trucks

would transport construction materials and heavy equipment. The DTC site of IEPZ is connected with the

Ishwardi‐ Pakshi National Highway by about 8m wide and about 4km long District Road under RHD at east

side which is under construction (Figure 3.6) . Bituminous pavement needs to be done for this District Road.

The access road which is HBB road cum railway embankment started from the District Road runs parallel and

adjacent to the DTC site at north-west side but not connects with the DTC site due to 1.5m wide earthen drain

and concrete boundary wall (Figure 4.6). This 4.5m wide HBB road has already been damaged due to

movement of heavy loaded truck carrying sands from the Ganges River. The movement of the vehicles with

construction materials on the access road of the DTC will further damage the road if improvement was not

done prior to start construction works of the DTC. Few Trucks, rickshaws, motor cycles and rickshaw vans as

well as village people and IEPZ workers move on the road. The construction vehicles will add more traffic

congestion. This has the potential to directly impact traffic flow of the approach road. Also road accident may

occur due to extra traffic load in the access road.



positions. The contractor will create these employment opportunity during project construction phase. Priority

shall be given to the local community for unskilled labor. Due to construction of the project, locals will get an

opportunity of employment.

EA for NARI Project



At the time of construction, the construction materials, construction workers food and other necessaries

supply may create a negative impact to the surrounding communities of DTC site. However, on the positive

side, people can enhance their business in supplying daily needed commodities, off-the-shelf medicines, fast/

dry foods and training accessories. They can also boost up their business by laundry and washing facilities.


Workers may face occupational health hazard due to hazardous and risky construction works. At the

construction site, camp will be constructed for temporary accommodation of 100 workers. Poorly designed

sanitary facilities may pose a health threat and nuisance to the workers. Uncontrolled vending of food and

drinking water on the work site may also pose a risk with respect to the transmission of various diseases.


Improper EHS policy may lead to outbreak of different diseases to the surrounding people through the sick

construction workers.


Impacts that are likely during operational phase are given below:

5.3.3.1 Solid Waste

There will be 650 persons staying within the DTC. It is estimated that the 325 kg (JAICA, 2005) municipal

solid wastes per day (0.5kg/day/person) will be generated during the operation phase, which need to be

disposed effectively. Improperly managed solid waste may lead to soil and ground water pollution by

contamination through the generation of leachate. Bad odour also causes unhealthy condition to the DTC and

surrounding area.

Negative impacts are predicted due to solid waste during the operation phase if handling and disposal of solid

wastes will not be carried out in accordance with a proper waste management plan.


Appropriate sewage disposal system has to be developed for the proposed DTC site of IEPZ. Otherwise the


will be unhealthy for the people living in and around the proposed DTC site. Untreated sewerage will also

cause human health diseases if contaminated to ground water or soil.

5.3.3.3 Transport Linkage

The proposed DTC area of DEPZ is a semi urban area. The access road is narrow and small and light

vehicles are moving around like rickshaw, van, battery driven auto-rickshaw, etc. There will be 600 trainers

women live in the proposed DTC of DEPZ for 6 months at a time, and trainers and other related technical

persons will be mobilized to the DTC area. So transport facilities will be increase.




cleaning, security, food supply, cooking and other purpose. Operation management will be instructed to fulfill

EA for NARI Project


the vacant post by eligible local people. The proposed project will not only lead to increase in household

income but also contribute towards national economic uplift.

5.3.3.5 Landscape/ Tree Plantation

Landscaping would be one of the most important features of this DTC of IEPZ. Essentially, the open spaces

and greenery area within the DTC premises are centered at the following locations:

entrance plaza

inside the boundary wall

surrounding the open spaces.

The plantation in the DTC area will not only function as landscape features resulting in harmonizing and

amalgamating the physical structures of proposed buildings with surrounding environment but will also acts as

pollution sink/noise barrier. It will check soil erosion, make the ecosystem more diversified and functionally

more stable, make the climate more conducive and help to restore the natural balance in the area.


There could be accidental risks during the stay of the trainees in the dormitory and training time:

Accident due to move/ fall down from the roof/ balcony and stairs

Fire hazard from loose electric line/ cooking stoves/ other firing

Improper lighting and ventilation system in the buildings

Poor drinking water supply and sanitation facilities

5.4 DTC Site of KEPZ


5.4.1.1 Removal of Trees

The proposed DTC site of KEPZ is a mixed vegetation land. The land was used for agricultural purposes in

the past. It has been estimated that a total of 38 trees will need to be removed prior to the commencement of

site development (Table 4.36). Also for the development of the end part of the DTC access road (earthen

part) of KEPZ, a total of 87 trees needs to be removed (Table 4.37). This will reduce the tree cover of the

DTC site and the surrounding drastically exposing the area to air pollution and reducing the soil stability.

5.4.1.2 Access Road Facilities

As mentioned in Chapter 4, access road from Patenga road to DTC site is the only suitable access to the DTC

site. But there is a brick wall at end of the road which needs to be removed prior to the commencement of

construction activities, as this wall will obstruct the construction vehicles and construction workers entering the

proposed DTC site. As per the consultations with KEPZ and CDDL authority, it has been agreed to break the

wall for entering the DTC area. The debris of the dismantled wall if not properly removed from the site can

cause erosion during rainy period and blocking the drainage, nuisance to the construction workers and users

of the road including becoming a safety issue.

5.4.1.3 Utility (Water Supply)

According to test result as mentioned in Table 33, the ground water quality of DTC area of KEPZ is saline and

the tested value exceeds the DOE standards. The ground water is more saline when dug deeper (>180feet).

So ground water cannot be used for drinking as well as for construction purposes. The supply water of

Chittagong WASA in the Zoutho Abashik Elaka (project site) is irregular and this can hamper the construction

EA for NARI Project


activities unless an alternative source of water is identified.

As per the consultation meeting with KEPZ, they will extend their existing water supply facilities (treated water

by WTP) through a pipe line to the proposed DTC area of KEPZ. This facility should be ensured prior to

starting construction work.


During the construction phase, there are chances of environmental pollution. These impacts are short term

and minimized after construction.


NOx, SOx, SPM values of the current condition have not been exceeded DOE standard based on the

baseline monitoring data (Table 4.31). But construction of DTC buildings will deteriorate air quality. During

construction phase, SPM is expected to be the main pollutant associated with earthwork activities and

material handling. The major earthwork activity would be excavation for basement and foundations for

buildings and internal access roads. The construction equipment/vehicles, using fuel and diesel will create air

pollution including hazardous air emissions such as NOX, SO2, etc. in to the environment. This impact on air

quality during earth excavation works will be effect the immediate vicinity of the work area.


mixture of concrete ingredients and burning of bitumen for internal roads. However, due to the openness of

construction sites and wind conditions, the dust and engine emissions are expected to have limited effect on

the air quality. The anticipated air quality problem will be short lived, localized and minor lasting during the

construction stage only.


According to base line monitoring data, noise levels in the DTC site are below the DOE standard (Table 4.32).

But noise levels in and around the construction site could increase as a result of operating construction

machinery and during unloading and loading of construction materials during construction phase. Number of

machinery and equipment will be required for the construction of the proposed project including mixture

machine, concrete vibrator, brick/boulder breaking machine, dump trucks, transport vehicles, etc. which will

cause noise pollution. Most of these will use diesel engines that generate noise and exhaust emissions.

5.4.2.3 Sewage Pollution/ Sanitation Hazard

During construction phase the proposed site shall be occupied by 100 officials, contractor personnel and

labour force. During monsoon, Inadequate and unhygienic sanitation facility can pollute the surrounding land

and water body as well as disease might be spread out among the workers and surrounding villagers.

Sewage waste also might be the source of odor pollution to the local environment.

5.4.2.4 Solid Waste

The construction process will take 1-2 years, with the result the camps will take on a semi permanent

appearance. The people and the changes they bring can have significant impacts on the local communities

and social structures. The major waste that will likely to get generated is mostly of rubbish, ashes and

residues, demolition materials. These wastes will be generated due to construction camp, construction

activities and materials used for construction. If inadequate arrangements exist for the disposal of above

mentioned wastes, this will have a negative impact on the soil, aesthetic beauty of area.

EA for NARI Project


5.4.2.5 Landscape

Some changes to landscapes may be temporary such as the construction compounds and lay-down areas

and items of equipment (e.g. piling) whilst others may be more permanent such importing material and the

building up areas above flood levels or the establishment of facility buildings, and chimneys/stacks. The

development of the Project will change the topography and landscape of the Project site and become a

prominent feature.

During the construction stage of the Project, at the site location there will be some distinguishable items of

equipment on site including piling, cranes trucks, which may be visible from a distance. Aesthetic beauty plays

an important role in improving the working environment of an area. The building provision can improve the

aesthetics of an area and thereby improving the work efficiency.

5.4.2.6 Access Road/ Traffic Congestion

The transportation and use of heavy equipment and trucks would be required during construction. Trucks

would transport construction materials and heavy equipment. As mentioned in 4.4.28, the overall condition of

the 1km long and 7m wide access road is bituminous paved with an average motorable condition. Trucks,

rickshaws, motor cycles, rickshaw vans move on the road, but no traffic jam and accident generally occur.

The movement of the construction vehicles will add more traffic and can create road congestion. It has the

potential to directly impact traffic flow of the access road. Extra traffic load may cause road accident.



positions. Various sub-contractors will create these employment opportunity during project construction

phase. Priority shall be given to the local community for unskilled labor. Due to construction of the project,

locals will get a chance of employment with the construction contractor.


At the time of construction, the construction materials, construction workers food and other necessaries

supply may create a negative impact to the surrounding areas of DTC site due to high demand. However,

people can enhance their business in supplying daily needed commodities, off-the-shelf medicines, fast/ dry

foods and training accessories. They can also boost up their business by laundry and washing facilities.


Workers may face occupational health hazards such as, minor or major injuries. At the construction site, camp

will be constructed for temporary accommodation for a large number of workers. Poorly designed sanitary

facilities may pose a health threat and nuisance to the workers. Uncontrolled vending of food and drinking

water on the work site may also pose a risk with respect to the transmission of contagious diseases like

Typhoid, Diarrhea, Malaria, Dengue, etc. Construction workers may be required to handle hazardous

construction materials therefore increasing health risks.


Improper EHS policy may lead to outbreak of different diseases to the surrounding communities through the

sick construction workers.

EA for NARI Project



5.4.3.1 Solid Waste

There will be 650 persons will be staying within the DTC. It is estimated that the 325 kg (JAICA 2005)

municipal solid wastes per day (0.5kg/day/person) will be generated during the operation phase, which need

to be disposed effectively. Improperly managed solid waste may lead to soil and ground water pollution by

contamination through the generation of leachate. Bad odor also causes unhealthy condition to the DTC and

surrounding area.

Negative impacts are predicted due to solid waste during the operation phase if handling and disposal of solid

wastes will not be carried out in accordance with the mitigation measures.


Appropriate sewage disposal system has to be developed for the proposed DTC site of KEPZ. Otherwise the


will be unhealthy for the people live in and around the proposed DTC site. Untreated sewerage will also cause

human health diseases if contaminated to ground water or soil (toxicological effect). Otherwise negative

impacts are predicted due to improper disposal of the sewerage waste.

5.4.3.3 Transport linkage

The proposed DTC area of KEPZ is a semi urban area. The access road is narrow and small and light

vehicles are moving around like rickshaw, van, battery driven auto-rickshaw etc. There will be 600 trainers

women live in the proposed DTC of KEPZ for 6 months at a time, and trainers and other related technical

persons will be mobilized to the DTC area. So transport facilities will be increase to respond to the demand.




cleaning, security, food supply, cooking and other purpose. Operation management will be instructed to fulfill

the vacant post by eligible local people.

After getting training, trained women workers may get job in home or abroad. It is a positive impact and will

not only lead to increase in household income but also contribute towards national economic uplift.

5.4.3.5 Landscape/ Tree Plantation

Landscaping would be one of the most important features of this DTC of DEPZ. Essentially, the open spaces

and greenery area within the DTC premises are centered in the following locations:

entrance of DTC site

inside the boundary of DTC site

open space of DTC.

The greenbelt development/plantation in the DTC area will not only function as landscape features resulting in

harmonizing and amalgamating the physical structures of proposed buildings with surrounding environment

but will also acts as pollution sink/noise barrier. It will check soil erosion, make the ecosystem more diversified

and functionally more stable, make the climate more conducive and restore balance of the natural

environment.

EA for NARI Project



There could be health risks/hazards during the stay dormitory and training time and these are mainly:

Accident due to move/ fall down from the roof/ balcony

Movement during the stairs

Fire hazard from loose electric line/ cooking stoves/ other firing

Improper ventilation and lighting in the building

Poor drinking water supply and sanitary facilities.

EA and SIA for NARI Project (2nd Draft)


6 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

6.1 Objectives

Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is prepared for all the identified environmental impacts (medium and

significant) and during pre-construction, construction and operational stages of the DTC sites of DEPZ, IEPZ

and KEPZ. Each potential environmental issue is addressed in the EMP through the following steps:

Issues

Environmental Impact

Mitigation measures

Budget

Implementation agency

Supervising Agency.

The relevant parts of EMP will be included in the bid documents of all contractors and will become a part of

the civil works contract during construction. The strict implementation of the EMP and project management‟s

strict enforcement of the adequate construction practices and standards will greatly reduce the negative

impacts of the Project. The following measures will be taken to ensure compliance with environmental

safeguards during project implementation:

The tender and contract documents will clearly set out the contractor‟s obligations to undertake

environmental mitigation measures set out in the EMP (appended to Contract Specifications).

The recommended environmental mitigation cost should be included as an item in the Bills of

Quantities. This will ensure that there is a specific environmental mitigation budget for environmental

mitigation activities that will incur a cost. During the procurement, contractors will be encouraged to

include these costs in their rates and present the mitigation cost as a line item in the Bills of

Quantities.

Each contractor will recruit an environmental, health and safety manager (EHSM), who will be

responsible for implementing the contractors‟ environmental responsibilities, and liaise with PIU for

reporting and to discuss any issues. EHSM will also be also responsible for health and safety

aspects of work sites.

It is anticipated that the Construction Supervision Consultants (CSC) will be contracted for the supervision

and monitoring of all construction activities on behalf of the PIU of DEPZ, IEPZ and KEPZ authorities. CSC

will be also given the responsibility to ensure the environmental safeguards requirements identified in this EA

are in place. The CSCs and PIUs will play the leading role for all environmental supervising and monitoring

activities and will be responsible for ensuring the compliance with all environmental safeguard requirements

incorporated in the construction contract documents. PIU- Field Office 2 (DEPZ), PIU- Field Office 3 (IEPZ),

and PIU- Field Office 4 (KEPZ) will coordinate with CSC on regular basis to monitor the progress of effective

implementation of the EMPs and monitoring plan proposed in this EA and obtain reports from the Contractors.

Roles and responsibilities of various implementing agencies of the Project are given in (Section 6.2.3)



6.2 Possible Mitigation Measures

6.2.1 DTC of DEPZ

On the basis of discussions in Section 5.2, the possible mitigation measures presented in the following Table

6.1 are recommended for the medium and significant impacts. A mitigation measure will be considered as

successful when it complies with the EQS set by DoE. In absence of DoE‟s own EQS, World Health

Organization (WHO) or other recognized organizations will be applied.



Table 6.1: Mitigation/Enhancement Measures during Pre- Construction, Construction and Operation Stages of DTC, DEPZ


Proposed Mitigation measures Responsible Institutes

Implement Supervising

Pre-Construction Stage

Design of Project facilities

Improper design of project facilities will lead to environmental degradation.

All project facilities are to be designed in accordance with the planning and design norms

(BNBC) as proposed in „Chapter 3 of this EA report.

Earthquake hazard should be considered in the structural design of the DTC building.

BEPZA Consultant

Utility (Electricity)

REB 33KV electric line passes over the site which will affect the construction of high raised buildings.

Prior to commencing construction, the electric line will be shifted to outside the boundary of

the DTC site in consultation with and assistance of REB.

Proper H&S measures should be taken during shifting the electric line to avoid accidents.

Contractor PIU

Construction Stage

Air Pollution - Construction vehicular traffic: Air quality can be affected by vehicle exhaust emissions and combustion of fuels.

- Construction machinery: Air quality can be adversely affected by emissions from machinery and combustion of fuels.

- Construction activities: Dust generation from construction sites, material stockpiles and access roads.

Fit vehicles with appropriate exhaust systems and emission control devices.

Maintain vehicles and construction equipment in good working condition including regular servicing.

Operate the vehicles in a fuel efficient manner.

Cover haul vehicles carrying dusty materials moving outside the construction site.

Impose speed limits (maximum 20 km/hr) on all vehicle movement at the worksite and through access roads to reduce dust emissions.

Control the movement of construction traffic in the access road.

Water spray to the construction materials (especially sand & boulder/brick chips) prior to loading and transport.

Focus special attention on containing the emissions from generators

Machinery causing excess pollution (e.g. visible smoke) should be banned from construction sites or fixed immediately prior to futher usage.

Provide filtering systems, dust collectors or humidification or other techniques (as applicable) to the concrete mixing plant to control the particle emissions at all its stages, including unloading, collection, aggregate handling, cement dumping, circulation of trucks and machinery inside the installations.

Water spray to the material stockpiles, access roads and bare soils as and when required to

Contractor PIU/ CSC






minimize the potential environmental nuisance due to dust. Increase the watering frequency during periods of high risk (e.g. high winds and dry periods). Stored materials such as boulders and sand should be covered and confined to avoid them being wind-drifted.

Erect dust barriers along the boundary of the land to reduce dust movement to the surrounding areas.

Minimize the extent and period of exposure of the bare surfaces.

Reschedule earthwork activities when practical, if necessary to avoid during periods of high wind and if visible dust is blowing off-site.

Restore disturbed areas as soon as possible by vegetation/grass-turfing.

Establish adequate locations for storage, mixing and loading of construction materials, in a way that dust dispersion is prevented because of such operations.

Noise Pollution

Construction vehicular traffic: Noise quality will be deteriorated due to increased vehicular traffic.

Construction machinery: Noise and vibration will have an impact on adjacent surrounding residents.

Construction activity: Noise will have an impact on adjacent residents.

Maintain all vehicles in order to keep them in good working order in accordance with manufacturers maintenance procedures.

Make sure all drivers will comply with the traffic codes concerning maximum speed limit, driving hours, etc. (20 km/hr during night time).

Organize the loading and unloading of trucks, and handling operations for the purpose of minimizing construction noise on the work site.

Appropriately site all noise generating activities to avoid noise pollution to local residents.

Modify equipment to reduce noise (for example, noise control kits, lining of truck trays or pipelines, silencers).

Maintain all equipment in order to keep it in good working conditions in accordance with manufacturers‟ maintenance procedures. Equipment suppliers and contractors shall present proof of maintenance register of their equipment.

Install acoustic enclosures around generators to reduce noise levels.

Fit high efficiency mufflers to appropriate construction equipment.

Avoid the unnecessary use of alarms, horns and sirens.

Notify adjacent landholders prior any typical noise events outside of daylight hours.

Educate the operators of construction equipment on potential noise problems and the techniques to minimize noise emissions.

Contractor PIU/ CSC






Employ best available work practices on-site to minimize occupational noise levels.

Install temporary noise control barriers where appropriate.

Notify affected people if high noisy activities will be undertaken, e.g. pile driving.

Plan activities on site and deliveries to and from site to minimize impact.

Monitor and analyze noise and vibration results and adjust construction practices as required.

Avoid undertaking the noisiest activities, where possible, when working at night near the residential areas.

Sewage Pollution/ Sanitation Hazard

Lack of proper sanitation facilities will increase pressure on health hazards of workers.

Provide hygienic sanitary facilities and sewerage system. The toilets and domestic waste

water will be collected through a common sewerage. Provide separate latrines and bathing

places for males and females with total isolation by wall or by location. The minimum number

of toilet facilities required is one toilet for every ten persons.

Ensure the sanitary facilities are kept clean and without any odor.

Educate the workers of using the facilities.

Contractor PIU/ CSC

Solid Waste Pollution

Solid waste pollution will increase pressure on health hazards of workers.

Organize disposal of all wastes generated during construction in an environmentally

acceptable manner. This will include consideration of the nature and location of disposal site,

so as to cause less offsite environmental impactse. The disposal site should be approved by

PIU/CSC prior to usage and should be rehabilitated after usage to ensure the land is not

exposed to soil erosion, wind and water stagnation.

Minimize the production of waste materials by 3R (Reduce, Recycle and Reuse) approach.

Segregate and reuse or recycle all the wastes, wherever practical.

Prohibit burning of solid waste.

Train and instruct all personnel in waste management practices and procedures as a component of the environmental induction process.

Provide refuse containers at each worksite and worker camps.

Request suppliers to minimize packaging where practical.

Place a high emphasis on good housekeeping practices.

Maintain all construction sites in a cleaner, tidy and safe condition and provide and maintain






appropriate facilities as temporary storage of all wastes before transportation and final

disposal by Savar Municipality.

Ensure proper collection and disposal of wastes within the construction camps from where

Savar municipal will take by their truck and dispose at their dumping area.

Insist on waste separation and store by source; organic wastes, inorganic wastes and

recyclables in separate containers.

Clear wastes on daily basis to waste collectors. Establish waste collection, transportation and

disposal at the dumping site in adequate sizes of concrete chambers/boxes.

Dispose organic wastes in a designated safe place and should be kept covered so that flies,

mosquitoes, dogs, cats, rats, etc. are not attracted. Encourage composting of organic waste

that can be used for tree planting purposes.

Locate the garbage pit/waste disposal site away from the residence so that peoples are not

disturbed with the odor likely to be produced from anaerobic decomposition of wastes at the

waste dumping places. Encompass the waste dumping place by fencing and tree plantation

to prevent children from entering and playing.

Do not establish site specific landfill sites. All solid waste will be collected and removed from

the work camps and disposed in approved waste disposal sites.

Landscape Construction activities especially earthworks, stock piling of construction materials, parking of vehicles etc. will change topography and disturb the natural rainwater drainage as well as will change the local landscape temporarily.

Ensure the topography of the construction yard is conducive to enhance natural draining of rainwater at all times.

Parking of construction vehicles and stockpiling of construction materials should be done in systematic way to avoid any drainage blockages, to enhance the aesthetics of the site.

Duration of stockpiling should be minimized as much as possible.






Access Road/ Traffic Congestion

Construction vehicular traffic: Increased use of narrow access road by construction vehicles will affect the movement of normal road traffics and the safety of the road-users.

Prepare and submit a traffic management plan to the PIU for approval at least 30 days before commencing work on any project component involving traffic diversion and management.

Include measures in the traffic management plan to ensure uninterrupted traffic movement during construction: detailed drawings of traffic arrangements showing all detours, access roads, necessary barricades, warning signs / lights, road signs, etc.

Provide signs at strategic locations of the roads complying with the schedules of signs contained in the Bangladesh Road Traffic Regulations of BRTA.

Install and maintain a display board at each important road intersection on the roads to be used during construction, which shall clearly show the following information in Bangla:

Location: village name

Duration of construction period

Period of proposed detour / alternative route

Suggested detour route map

Name and contact address/telephone number of the concerned personnel

Name and contact address / telephone number of the Contractor

Inconvenience is sincerely regretted

Restrict truck deliveries to day time working hours (as common practice in Bangladesh) to avoid road accidents and to reduce inconveniences to the road users.

Restrict the transport of oversize loads.

Operate construction vehicles to non-peak periods (night) to minimize traffic disruptions.

Enforce on-site and access road speed limits.

Note: Improvement of the access road has been started by LGED (Figure3.2). Access road should be improved fully prior to starting construction.

Contractor PIU/ CSC

Liquid/ hazardous waste

Improper storage and handling of fuels, lubricants, chemicals and hazardous liquid on-site, and potential spills from these liquid materials may harm the

Train the relevant construction personnel in handling of fuels and spill control procedures.

Store dangerous goods in enclosed areas with a covering of a sealed plastic sheet away from watercourses.

Refueling shall occur only within enclosed areas.

Provide protective clothing, safety boots, helmets, masks, gloves, goggles, to the

Contractor PIU/ CSC






environment and health of construction workers.

construction personnel, to handle construction materials.

Make sure all containers, drums, and tanks that are used for storage are in good condition and are labeled with expiry date. Any container, drum, or tank that is dented, cracked, or rusted might eventually leak. Check for leakage regularly to identify potential problems before they occur.

Put containers and drums in temporary storages in clearly marked areas, where they will not be run over by vehicles or heavy machinery. The area shall be established in higher ground if possible preferably with a slope or drain to a safe collection area in the event of a spill.

Put containers and drums in permanent storage areas on an impermeable floor.

Take all precautionary measures when handling and storing fuels and lubricants, avoiding environmental pollution.

Ensure basic firefighting equipment are in place outside these storage areas in case of a fire.

Construction Camp Management

Siting and Location of construction camps: Campsites for construction workers are the important locations that have significant impacts such as health and safety hazards on local resources and infrastructure of nearby communities.

Locate the construction camps inside the proposed construction area.

Consider the location of construction camps away from communities in order to avoid social conflicts in using the natural resources such as water or to avoid other possible adverse impacts such as unsuitable interactions with the surrounding communities.

Submit to the PIU for approval a detailed layout plan for the development of the construction camp showing the relative locations of all temporary buildings and facilities that are to be constructed together with the location of site roads, fuel storage areas (for use in power supply generators), solid waste management and dumping locations, and drainage facilities, prior to the development of the construction camps.

Local authorities responsible for health, religious and security shall be duly informed on the set up of camp facilities so as to maintain effective surveillance over public health, social and security matters.

Create awareness among the camp users on health and safety requirements to be maintained and code of conduct.

Contractor PIU/ CSC

Construction Camp Facilities: Lack of proper infrastructure facilities, such as housing, water supply and sanitation

Adequate housing for all workers should be provided avoiding overcrowding.

Provide safe and reliable water supply through deep tube wells of 300 m depth that meets the national standards.

Contractor PIU/ CSC






facilities will increase pressure on the local services and generate substandard living conditions and health hazards.

Hygienic sanitary facilities and sewerage system. The toilets and domestic waste water will be collected through a common sewerage. Provide separate latrines and bathing places for males and females with total isolation by wall or by location. The minimum number of toilet facilities required is one toilet for every ten persons.

Treatment facilities for sewerage of toilet and domestic waste.

Storm water drainage facilities.

Paved internal roads. Ensure grass/vegetation coverage making the use of top soil and there is no dust generation from the loose/exposed sandy surface. Pave the internal roads of at least haring-bond bricks (HBB) to suppress dusts and to avoid possible muddy surface during monsoon.

Disposal of waste: Management of wastes is crucial to minimize impacts on the environment.

Ensure proper collection and disposal of solid wastes within the construction camps



Store inorganic wastes in a safe place and clear organic wastes on daily basis to waste collector or compost the waste.

Dispose organic wastes in a designated safe place on daily basis. At The organic wastes should be always covered with a thin layer of sand so that flies, mosquitoes, dogs, cats, rats, etc. are not attracted.

Locate the garbage pit/waste disposal site min 500 m away from the resident area so that people are not disturbed with the odor likely to be produced from anaerobic decomposition of wastes at the waste dumping places.

Do not establish site specific landfill sites. All solid waste will be collected and removed from the work camps and disposed in approval waste disposal sites.

Contractor PIU/ CSC

Health and Hygiene: There will be a potential for diseases to be transmitted including malaria, exacerbated by inadequate health and safety practices. There will be an increased risk of work crews spreading

Provide adequate health care facilities within the construction site.

Provide first aid facility round the clock. Maintain stock of medicines in the facility and appoint fulltime designated first aider or nurse.

Provide ambulance facility for the laborers to be transported to nearest hospitals (DEPZ hospital) during an emergency.

Conduct an initial health screening of the laborers coming from outside areas.






sexually transmitted infections and HIV/AIDS.

Train all construction workers in basic sanitation and health care issues and safety matters, and on the specific hazards of their work.

Provide HIV awareness program, including STI (sexually transmitted infections) and HIV information, education and communication for all workers on regular basis.

Establish a code of conduct for the contractor staff.

Provide adequate drainage facilities throughout the camps to ensure that disease vectors such as stagnant water bodies and puddles do not form.

Carry out regular mosquito repellant spraying during monsoon periods.

Safety: In adequate safety facilities to the construction camps may create security problems and fire hazards.

Provide appropriate security personnel (police / home guard or private security guards) and enclosures to prevent unauthorized entry into the camp area.

Maintain register to keep a track on a head count of persons present in the camp at any given time.

Encourage use of flameproof material for the construction of labor housing / site office. Also, ensure that these houses/rooms are of sound construction and capable of withstanding wind storms/cyclones.

Provide appropriate type of fire fighting equipments suitable for the construction camps.

Display emergency contact numbers clearly and prominently at strategic places in camps.

Communicate the roles and responsibilities of laborers in case of emergency in the monthly meetings with contractors.

Worker Health and Safety

Construction work may pose health and safety risks to the construction workers and site visitors leading to severe injuries and deaths. The population in the proximity of the construction site and the construction workers will be exposed to a number of (i) biophysical health risk factors, (e.g. noise, dust, chemicals, construction

Implement suitable safety standards for all workers and site visitors which shall not be less than those laid down on the international standards (e.g. International Labor Office guideline on „Safety and Health in Construction; World Bank Group‟s „Environmental Health and Safety Guidelines‟) and contractor‟s own national standards or statutory regulations, in addition to complying with the national standards of the Government of Bangladesh (e.g. `The Bangladesh Labor Code, 2006‟).

Provide the workers a safe and healthy work environment, taking into account inherent risks of this particular construction activity and specific classes of hazards in the work areas,

Provide personal protection equipment (PPE) for workers, such as safety boots, helmets, masks, gloves, protective clothing, goggles, full-face eye shields, and ear protection. Maintain the PPE properly by cleaning dirty ones and replacing them with the damaged ones.

Contractor PIU/ CSC






material, solid waste, waste water, vector transmitted diseases etc), (ii) risk factors resulting from human behavior (e.g. STD, HIV etc) and (iii) road accidents from construction traffic.

Safety procedures include provision of information, training and protective clothing to workers involved in hazardous operations and proper performance of their job.

Appoint an environment, health and safety manager to look after the health and safety of the workers

Inform the local authorities responsible for health, religious and security before commencement of civil works and establishment of construction camps so as to maintain effective surveillance over public health, social and security matters

Child and pregnant labors. Not hire children of less than 14 years of age and pregnant women or women who delivered a child within 8 preceding weeks, in accordance with the Bangladesh Labor Code, 2006

Contractor PIU/ CSC

Accidents: Lack of first aid facilities and health care facilities in the immediate vicinity will aggravate the health conditions of the victims.

Provide health care facilities and first aid facilities are readily available. Appropriately equipped first-aid stations shall be easily accessible throughout the place of work

Document and report occupational accidents, diseases, and incidents and actions taken.

Prevent accidents, injury, and disease arising from, associated with, or occurring in the course of work by minimizing, so far as reasonably practicable, the causes of hazards in a manner consistent with good international industry practice.

Identify potential hazards to workers, particularly those that may be life-threatening and provide necessary preventive and protective measures.

Provide awareness to the construction drivers to strictly follow the driving rules.

Provide adequate lighting in the construction area and along the roads.

Contractor PIU/ CSC

Construction Camps: lack of proper infrastructure facilities, such as housing, water supply and sanitation facilities will increase pressure on the local services and generate substandard living standards and health hazards.

Adequate ventilation in all facilities.

Safe and reliable water supply. Water supply from deep tube wells that meets the national standards.

Hygienic sanitary facilities and sewerage system. The toilets and domestic waste water will be collected through a common sewerage.

Treatment facilities for sewerage of toilet and domestic waste before releasing into common systems.


Recreational and social facilities.

Safe storage facilities for petroleum and other chemicals.

Contractor PIU/ CSC






Solid waste collection and disposal system.

Arrangement for trainings (see Section 6.2.3.2).

Paved internal roads.

Security fence at least 2 m high.

Sick bay and first aid facilities.

Water and sanitation facilities at the construction sites: lack of Water sanitation facilities at construction sites cause inconvenience to the construction workers and affect their personal hygiene.

The contractor shall provide portable toilets at the construction sites, if about 25 people are working the whole day for a month.

Contractor shall provide bottled drinking water facilities to the construction workers at all the construction sites.

Contractor PIU/ CSC

Other management: potential risks on health and hygiene of construction workers and general public.

To reduce health risks to the construction workers and nearby community should follow:

Liquid Waste Mitigation Measures.

Air Pollution Mitigation Measures.

Noise Mitigation Measures.

Road/Road Traffic Management.

Contractor PIU/ CSC


Train all construction workers in basic sanitation and health care issues (e.g., how to avoid malaria and transmission of sexually transmitted infections (STI) and HIV/AIDS.

Contractor PIU/ CSC

Operational Stage

Drainage congestion:

Local drainage system may get clogged due to improper management of Solid waste, and other materials.

Maintain drains regularly as and when required. Solid wastes should not be dumped into the drain. Blocked drains should be cleaned properly and debris disposed at approved sites on a regular

basis.

PIU- Field office 2 DEPZ

PIU: Central Unit/ PCU

Solid Waste

Generation

Water, air and land pollution cause diseases

Public health, eyesore,

Setting up of separate waste collectors at different points. Regular cleaning and replacing of waste collectors. Waste disposal at a safe place.








and Disposal odor

Disease vector proliferation, sanitary problems

Savar Upazila Parishad to collect solid waste everyday and dispose to the landfill site Encourage waste sorting by the facility users.

Sewage waste

Prohibition of water uses for intended purposes

Causes water borne diseases

Maintenance of Septic tanks, soak wells, pipes, etc. as and when required.

Provide a Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) and Soak Pit.

Regular monitoring of water quality.



Occupational Health and Safety of the trainers, trainees and other management Staff

Female trainer may face OHS related issues as mentioned in Chapter 5.

Measures need to be taken as the given below. PIU- Field office 2 DEPZ




Occupational Health and Safety Management Plan An Occupational Health and Safety Management Plan (OHSMP) shall be established, operated and maintained for overall project. It is the responsibility and duty of the employer to ensure healthy and safe facility conditions. A fully transparent OHSMP is a powerful tool towards fulfilling the objectives. Meaningful participation by trainers and employees is required for optimum results and these could be obtainable through efficient awareness building and training program among the trainers and employees. The initial system of assessment should include the needs for risk reduction and management related to HIV/AIDS at the place of work. The contents of the OHSMP manual is prepared from ILO-OHS 2001 and outlined in brief in the following Table 6.2.

Table: 6.2: Occupational Health Safety and Hygiene Management System Features

1. Occupational Health Safety and Hygiene Policy

Management‟s supports and direction

2. Organizational Framework of the OHSMP (Safety Organization)

Staffing of OHSMP

Operating procedures

Training program on all topics of OHSMP

System documentation

Communication

3. OHSMP Objectives

Realistic and achievable participation of all by supervision

4. Risk and Hazard Prevention

Prevention and control measures

Emergency preparedness/ awareness and response

Procurement (tools, equipment, services contractors, etc.)

5. Performance Monitoring, Investigation and Reporting

Hazards and natural calamities prevention measures

Ambient working environment

Work related injuries, ill health, diseases and on-going incidents

On-going Medical and safety monitoring program for all workers and employees

6. Evaluation

Feedback

Corrective measures

Action plan

Disaster Management Plan

Fire and Earthquake are major disaster for the buildings occupants causing injury and even deaths due to insufficient or lack of disaster management plan. In this regard the following should be taken into consideration to protect the properties and property users :

There should be automatic fire/heat detecting system in each room in each floor of DTC buildings, as well as water sprinklers.

There should be sufficient fire extinguishers in each floor which should be checked by the Fire Service Officials twice in a year.



The storage capacity of the fire fighting reservoir should not be less than 100 cu.m so that a rate of flow of 2250 lpm at a pressure of 3kg/sqm could be maintained which should be capable of fighting about 45 minutes in case of a fire.

The buildings should have emergency fire exits.

All electrical wirings should be built with good quality wire to prevent electrical leakages, fires and spread of fires.

The high risk electrical area should be clearly marked with warnings to avoid dangerous practices in the vicinity so that there would be less chance of accidents from those installations.

The building should be designed by considering proper earthquake load of the zone.

There should be automatic system in the lift of dormitory (future provision) of the complex so that it would reach to the nearest floor and open the door during electricity failure.

Site should be identified for assembly during fire or any other hazard with clear marking within and outside the buildings to reach safety.

Awareness to be provided to building users on its safety precautions, code of conduct to minimize user-induced hazards and how to respond during hazardous events.

Emergency contact numbers should be displayed in easily accessible areas

Tree Plantation Program Planting for landscaping and noise attenuation is suggested for DTC area of DEPZ. Total of 331 trees will be

planted including 147 timber trees (50% @ 3m interval), 55 fruit trees (30% @ 2m interval), 34 fuel trees (10%

@ 3m interval) and 17 medicinal trees (10% @ 3m intervals). Suitable tree species for DTC site of DEPZ are

given below:

Table 6.3: Suitable Tree Species for DTC of DEPZ

Sl. No.

Fruit Trees Timber Trees Fuel Wood Trees Medicine Tress

1 Amra (Spondias pinnata) Jarul (Lagerstroemia speciosa)

Bakphul (Sasbania grandiflora)

Neem (Azarlira chlaindica)

2 Mango (Mangifera indica)

Mehogini (Swietenia mahagoni)

Debdaru (Polyalthia longifolia)

Arjun (Teominalia arjunna)

3 Black berry (Syzygium cumini)

Shegun (Tectona grandis)

Kadam (Anthocephalus chinensis)

Bohera (Terminalia belliricha)

4 Jam (Syzygium cumuin) Akasmoni (Acacia auricoliformis)

Pitali (Trewta nudiflora) Hortuki

5 Tamarind (Tamerindus indica)

Rain tree (Samanea saman)

Krhisnochura Royal Poinciana (Delonix regia)

Amloki

6 Date palm (Phonix sylvestries)

- - -

7 Jackfruit (Artocarpus Heterophoillus)-

- - -

6.2.1.1 Environmental Monitoring Plan

Environmental monitoring is a very important aspect of environmental management to safeguard the

environment. During construction, environmental monitoring will ensure the protection of fertile top soils,

potential soil erosion from embankment, drainage congestion, and degradation of environmental quality.



In accordance with the EMP, an environmental monitoring plan (MP) has been developed and presented in

Table 6.4. The contract documents will contain a listing of all required monitoring measures and a time frame

for the compliance monitoring of these activities. The monitoring will comprise surveillance to check whether

the contractor is meeting the provisions of the contract during construction and operation of the Project

including the responsible agencies for supervision.

The PIU through a CSC will be responsible to supervise monitoring activities of all contractors procured under

the Project. The PIU during project implementation will:

Supervise the environmental monitoring regularly based on the monitoring and management plan

prepared in this report with the assistance of CSC. Submit quarterly reports based on the monitoring

data and laboratory analysis report: main parameters to be monitored by the contractor are outlined

in Table 6.4.

Oversee that the contractor is complying with all monitoring measures and has subcontracted a

recognized organization for data collection for monitoring purposes. It is recommended to use the

same institutions that collected the baseline data to avoid possible calibration and methodology

errors.

The PIU shall submit the following environmental reporting documentation to PCU:

Environmental Monitoring Reports: The environmental monitoring reports will include environmental

mitigation measures undertaken, environmental monitoring activities undertaken, details of

monitoring data collected, analysis of monitoring results, new recommended mitigation measures,

environmental training conducted, and environmental regulatory violations. The environmental

monitoring reports will be submitted monthly during the construction period and quarterly for three

years after completion of construction.

Project Completion Environmental Monitoring Report: Three years after completion of construction,

the PIU shall submit a Project Completion Environmental Monitoring Report to PCU which will

summarize the overall environmental impacts from the Project.



Table 6.4 1: Environmental Monitoring Program during Pre Construction, Construction and Operation Stages

Environmental Aspect

Monitoring Parameter Means of Monitoring Frequency Location Responsible Agency

Implemented By Supervised By

Pre Construction Stage

Removal of Electricity line

Monitoring all prescribed mitigation measures in Mitigation Table (Table 6.1)

Visual inspection to ensure the shifting of the electric line

During site clearance operations

Proposed DTC site of DEPZ

REB


Construction Stage

Ground Water Quality

pH, Manganese( Mn), Arsenic(As), Iron(Fe), Ammonia Nitrogen(NH3-N), Total Hardness, Chlioride, Fecal Coliform(FC), Total Coliform(TC)

Laboratory analysis

against the baseline

established

During construction of deep tube-well for DTC

Inside the boundary of DTC of DEPZ (as per design)

Contractor through a nationally recognized laboratory


Air Quality SPM, SO2, NOx Laboratory analysis against the baseline established

During construction (1 in 3 months)

At the construction site



Noise Level

Measurement of noise dB(A) Laboratory analysis


established

Visual inspection to

ensure good

standard equipment

are in use,


ensure ear plugs are

in use by the

construction workers

Inspection of vehicle

and equipment

maintenance records

During day time and whenever any complains are received about disturbance due to construction noise Noise measurements and routine checks on maintenance records once in 3 months

Near residential area, mosque institutional area and site.








Occupational health

Check of personal protective equipment (PPE) for workers at the sites

Check if Health, First-Aid facility, and staff trained in First Aid are available at the sites

Check if medical checkup of workers is on going

Visual inspection Weekly

Construction Site

Contractor PIU- Field office 2 DEPZ

Other specified mitigation measures as per the EMP

Check if all requirements are adhered to


Construction Site, the surroundings including access roads and contractor-managed off sites

Contractor PIU- Field office 2 DEPZ

Operation Stage


pH, Manganese( Mn), Arsenic( As), Iron(Fe), Ammonia Nitrogen(NH3-N), Total Hardness, Chlioride, Fecal Coliform(FC), Total Coliform(TC)

Laboratory analysis Quarterly DTC Building water supply system

PIU- Field office 2 DEPZ through a nationally recognized laboratory


Noise Level

Measurement of noise dB(A)

Laboratory analysis Quarterly (24 hours) and whenever any complain is received about disturbance due to noise level

Four corners of the site boundary, at 200 m and 300 m from the following locations: (i) residential, (ii) institutional (school, mosque), (iii) silent (hospital) area



Air Quality

SPM, SO2, NOx Laboratory analysis Quarterly (8 hours continuous for two days)









Tree plantation Program

Select healthy sapling to confirm survival rate Monitoring plantation procedure Maintenance of plants

Visual inspection to ensure plantations in green areas and other designated sites.

Monthly

As per Master Plan

Contractor and PIU- Field office 2 DEPZ

PIU- Field office 2 DEPZ and PCU



6.2.1.2 Institutional Arrangement and Capacity Development

List of various key institutions and their roles and responsibilities for implementation of EMP are given in the

following sections:

Profile of Key Institutions

a) Bangladesh Export Processing Zone

In order to stimulate rapid economic growth of the country, particularly through industrialization, the

government has adopted an 'Open Door Policy' to attract foreign investment to Bangladesh. The Bangladesh

Export Processing Zone Authority (BEPZA) is the official organ of the government to promote, attract and

facilitate foreign investment in the Export Processing Zones.

The objectives of BEPZA are:

Promotion of foreign (FDI) & local investment

Diversification of export

Development of backward & forward linkages

Generation of employment

Transfer of technology

Upgrading of skills

Development of management

An export processing zone (EPZ) is defined as a territorial or economic enclave in which goods may be

imported and manufactured and reshipped with a reduction in duties / and/or minimal intervention by custom

officials (World Bank 1999). EPZ Provides:

Plots/factory buildings in custom bonded area

Infrastructural facilities

Administrative facilities

Fiscal and non-fiscal incentives.

BEPZA is headed by an Executive Chairman (EC) appointed from the Prime Minister‟s office. There are three

members under EC: (i) member (Investment Promotion) (ii) Member (Engineering) and (iii) Member

(Finance).

A special organizational setup is proposed for NARI project: A Project Coordination Unit (PCU) established

within BEPZA for coordination activities and Project Implementation Unit (PIU) for implementation

requirements. PIU has been set up to manage the three PIU-Field Offices namely; PIU-Dhaka EPZ, PIU-

Ishwardi EPZ and PIU- Karnaphuli EPZ.

b) Need for Institutional Strengthening of BEPZA

Presently, BEPZA has no permanent Environmental Unit (EU). Generally, short term EU‟s are established

within the project implementation units created for projects undertaken by BEPZA. Currently BEPZA has no

staff with previous experience in implementing environmental management and monitoring.

Generally, BEPZA will outsource key services to organization well-suited to the conditions in Bangladesh.



c) Project Implementation Unit

A Project Implementation Unit (PIU) for NARI Project has been established as an ad hoc office to manage

the preparation (and subsequently implementation) of the proposed NARI project. The PIU has a central

office headed by a Project Director. Also the PIU- Central office has three PIU-field Offices.

Organizational structure of PCU and PIU is shown in Figure 6-1.

Figure 6.1: Organogram of PCU and PIU

Main tasks of the Environmental and Social Unit (ESU) include:

Planning and implementation of EMP

Preparation of TOR for studies/surveys/data collection to be carried out under EMP

Selection of consultants, NGOs for different components of EMP implementation, including

environmental enhancement plans

Supervision and monitoring of the progress of activities of the consultants and NGOs engaged by

PIU for implementation of different components of EMP

Evaluation of construction related environmental impacts and monitoring of adherence of the EMP

Responsible for modifications of the EMP when there are adaptation/changes during implementation.

Implementation of environmental monitoring measures (such as environmental quality monitoring,

tree plantation, landscaping, wild life monitoring) during O/M stage of the Project.

Project Coordination Unit (PCU) Coordinating Director

Project Implementation Unit (PIU) Project Director

BE

PZ

A

DE

PZ

Au

tho

rity

PIU- Field Office 2 (Dhaka EPZ) Environmental & Social Unit (ESU)

Deputy Project Director (General Manager)

Superintended Engineer

Executive Engineer (Civil)

Assistant Engineer (civil)

Sub-assistant Engineer (Civil)

- A Deputy Project Director

- A Project Officer

- A training Center Officer

- Two support staff



Monitoring of water supply, sanitation and health conditions at the project site

Preparation of reports to PCU and co-financers

Management and administration of environmental enhancement fund

Maintain liaison with other government, semi-government and non-government organizations,

universities, research institutes in the country on the matters of mutual interest related to

environmental management

Facilitate consultations necessary with stakeholders related to environmental management.

Job Description of Key Staff in ESU

The job description of the key staff in EU is given in the following sections:

i. Deputy Project Director (DPD)/ (General Manager, DEPZ)

S/He will do the overall monitoring of EA and EMP implementation for the site.

S/He will co-ordinate with design Consultants (DC) for matters relating to Environment of DTC.

S/He will maintain liaison with Co-financers, Consultant and other relevant organization for

implementation of EIA and EMP.

S/He will do the overall Supervision of the Environmental Unit for implementation Environment

Management Plan properly.

S/He will co-ordinate, Supervise and Monitor the progress of activities of the Design Consultants

(DC), NGOs and Design & Supervision Consultants (DSC).

S/He will evaluate the activities of Construction Contractors for maintaining Environmental related

issues properly.

S/He will maintain liaison with the Panel of Experts relating to environment of DTC.

S/He will maintain close co-ordination with the PCU of NARI Project.

S/He will take steps to train the officers and staff of Environmental Unit.

S/He will take actions on any other related matters assigned by the proper authority.

ii. Superintending Engineer (Civil)

S/He will supervise and monitor of the progress of activities of the consultants (DC), NGOs and

Design and Supervision consultants.

S/He will liaise with Design Consultants for preparation of ToR to get Environmental Clearance

Certificate (ECC) from Department of Environment (DoE).

S/He will maintain liaison with other Organization for implementation of EMP and EIA.

S/He will monitor implementation of EMP and EIA.

S/He will prepare progress report on Environmental issues to the authority and submit it.

S/He will do the administrative supervision over the subordinate officers and staff.

S/He will bring notice of his superior officers any adverse effects that are likely to occur in relation to

environmental matters.

S/He will notify the DPD of any specific training needs for the officers and staff.

S/He will monitor and evaluate the activities of construction contractors to ensure maintenance of

Environmental Parameters within required standards.

Any other relevant works which will order from higher Authority

iii. Executive Engineer (Civil)

An Executive Engineer (civil) will work under the direct supervision and instruction of a responsible

senior officer of Executive Engineer grade or above.



The Senior Assistant Engineer (Environment) is required to report on all issues concerning his work

to Executive Engineer (Environment).

The Senior Assistant Engineer (Environment) shall exercise the extent of authority delegated to him

by Executive Engineer (Environment) or higher authority.

S/He will check the draft reports, Drawings, etc submitted by the Design Consultant for approval and

draw attention of Superintend Engineer (civil) or higher authority for necessary action.

S/He will ensure that all operations s/he carries out or which are carried out by her/his subordinates

are consistent with the work program. S/He will highlight any shortcomings and deficiencies and

bring these to the immediate attention of the concerned officers and staff.

S/He will ensure that the execution of all works and other operations of her/his work and that of

her/his subordinates are carried out in accordance with the Acts, Ordinance, Rules, Regulations and

Directives issued by the Government from time to time.

S/He will ensure that all reports and other information required from her/his office are completed

accurately in the required formats and are submitted to Executive Engineer (Environment) within the

due time.

The Senior Assistant Engineer is responsible for the proper functioning and discipline of her/his

subordinate staffs and s/he will report cases of default to Superintend Engineer (civil)

S/He will supervise and monitor the progress of activities of the consultants (DC), NGOs and Design

& supervision consultants as specified by Superintend Engineer (civil) or higher authority.

If the authority instructs s/he will maintain liaison with consultants for preparation of ToR for getting

Environmental Clearance Certificate (ECC) from Department of Environment (DOE) and/or with

Organization for implementation of EMP and EIA.

S/He will monitor implementation of EMP & EIA.

S/He will prepare progress report on Environmental issues and submit it to the authority.

S/He will ensure administrative control over the subordinate officer and staff.

S/He will bring the notice of her/his authority any problems or hazards which have, as are likely to

occur in the implementation of her/his work.


S/He will monitor the activities of constructions contractors for their maintaining Environmental

Parameter in required standards.

S/He will carry on any other works as ordered by the Authority.

iv. Assistant Engineer (Civil)

S/He will work under the direct supervision and instruction of a responsible senior officer of Executive

Engineer.

S/He is required to report on all issues concerning his work to his responsible senior officer.

S/He will exercise the extent of authority delegated to him by his responsible senior officer.

S/He is responsible for the proper functioning and discipline of his subordinate staff and he will report

cases of default to his responsible senior officer.

v. Sub Assistant Engineer (Civil)

S/He will work under the direct supervision and instruction of a responsible senior officer of Assistant

Engineer.

S/He is required to report on all issues concerning her/his work to her/his responsible senior officer.

S/He will exercise the extent of authority delegated to her/him by her/his responsible senior officer.

S/He is responsible for the proper functioning and discipline of her/his subordinate staff and s/he will

report cases of default to her/his responsible senior officer.



S/He will maintain all initial accounts for expenditure under her/his charge and submit them to the

responsible senior officer within the prescribed date.

d) Construction Supervision Consultants

The PIU will hire a construction supervision consultant (CSC) for supervision of implementation of civil works,

including supervision and implementation of EMP. The CSC will consist of an environmental and social unit

with one environmental expert and EHS specialist. The Environmental specialists of CSC, in coordination with

ESU staff, will ensure the implementation of environmental management practices at each stage of the project

activities. The CSC will also be responsible for updating EMP, if required.

Table 6.5: Proposed Environmental Specialists for CSC

Sl. No Expertise

Consultants

1 Environmental Specialist/Engineer (1)

2 Environment, Health, and Safety Specialist

e) Contractor

Contractor procured under this NARI Project will be recommended to be a compliant of ISO 1400:1

Environmental Management System (EMS) certification. Further conditions of compliancy for OHSAH 1800:1

(2007) related Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) and SA 8000:1 (Social Accountability) could also be

imposed on the Contractors. Each contractor will be recommended to have one Environmental Specialist and

one Occupational, Health and Safety Specialist, who will be working in close coordination with the

environmental staff of CSC and PIU.

f) Other Relevant Organizations

The other relevant organizations involved in the implementation of EMP are those mentioned in the Figure

9.2 Department of Environment (DoE) oversee implementation of all development projects in the country

verifying that the environmental requirements are fulfilled, government guidelines and procedures are followed

and environmental quality standards are maintained properly. DoE will be consulted in case of complicated

issues and if any activity requires any further environmental clearance certificates (ECC). Local Government

and Engineering Department (LGED) will be responsible for constructing the access road. Forest Department

will help the PIU with tree plantation in the DTC site. The district administration is responsible for traffic

management, law and order and resolving the social disputes that may arise during construction activities.

Proposed Institutional Strengthening of PIU

Following institutional strengthening and capacity building programs are proposed for PIU for strengthening

their capacity in EMP implementation:

Step A: Creation of Safeguards (Environment and Social Unit) Department in PCU

Step B: Capacity building initiatives involving oriented trainings for the staff.

a) Capacity Building Programs involving Training for the staff

This involves continuous and subject-oriented trainings on developing capacity of the PIU staff and other

capacity building initiatives on:

Social and Environmental issues of the Project

Social and Environmental laws and regulations, norms, procedures and guidelines of GOB and co-

financiers

Environmental and Social safeguards, their importance and benefits



Preparation of EIA/SIA such as screening and/or scoping and adequacy of impact assessment,

EMP provisions, Costing, etc.

Preparation of ToRs and other documentation

Environmental and Social Management System and preparation of Social Monitoring Framework

(SMF)

Preparation of Environmental and Social covenants in loan agreement

Disciplines like Environmental Management, Sustainable development, Environment Economics,

Environment Auditing, etc.

Behavioural Sciences

Some of the senior representatives should receive environmental and social safeguard training

under a recognized program (national and/or overseas).

Contractor for major components of the project shall have Environmental, Health and Safety Manager. In

addition, capacity building and training for the contractors‟ staff will be provided in the following areas:

Orientation program on HIV/AIDS and sexually transmitted diseases

Orientation on how to conform with the religious sensitivity of the project area and other codes of

conduct

On the job training on EMP implementation.

Orientation of health and safety standards requirements and health and safety measure of the site.

b) An initial model of training program will comprise of the following schedule:

Training Module 1: (For PIU and Contractor)

(i) Environmental issues related to NARI Project

(ii) Environment policy & legislation of Bangladesh, guidelines on E&S safeguards of World Bank.

Training Module 2: (For PIU and Contractor)

(i) Environment Impact assessment of DTC building and related studies conducted for the purpose.

(ii) Environment baseline data of DTC including physical, ecological and social aspects and environment

quality.

Training Module 3: (For PIU)

(i) Environment Management and Monitoring Plan of DTC.

(ii) Organisational responsibilities and implementation schedules

Training Module 4: (For PIU)

(i) Monitoring and Evaluation: analysis of environment data and its interpretation.

(ii) Reporting of environmental monitoring.

Institutional Framework for Implementing EMP

Proposed Institutional Framework for Implementation of EMP is shown in Figure 6.2.



Figure 6.2: Proposed Institutional Framework for Implementation of EMP

PCU

BEPZA

PIU-Central

Unit

PIU- Field Office 2, DEPZ/ ESU

Department of Environment, REB,

LGED, Forest Department (FD)

Construction Supervision

Consultant (CSC)

Contractors/ NGOs/ Small Contract

EMP



6.2.1.3 Environmental Monitoring Cost

The environmental monitoring cost is given in Table 6-5. The costs of the monitoring will comprise: Air. water,

noise quality monitoring through sample collection and laboratory analysis.

The total cost for implementation of the monitoring is estimated as USD 40,059 during construction and

operation/yr.

Table 6.6: Cost of environmental monitoring during construction and operation

No. Activities/item Unit No Rate

(USD) Quantity

Amount (USD)

1 A. Tree Plantation No 1 3 331 759

B. Monitoring Cost

1. CSC (Environmental Specialist/Engineer)

No 1 3,000 1 3,000

2. Transportation for Site Visits LS 1 200 1 200

3. Air, Water and Noise Quality Testing No 1 4000 1 4,000

4. Contingency LS 2,000

Sub Total 9,200

C. Operational Monitoring Cost/ yr

1. External Monitor No 1 3,000 1 3,000

2. Water quality testing No 12 1500 1 18000

3. Air Quality Testing No 3 2000 1 6000

4. Noise Quality Testing No 3 200 1 600

5. Contingency LS 2500

Sub Total 30,100

Total (A+B+C) 40,059



6.2.2 DTC of IEPZ

On the basis of discussion in Section 5.3, the possible mitigation measures presented in the following Table

6.7 are suggested for the medium and significant impacts. A mitigation measure will be considered as

successful when it complies with the EQS set by DoE. In absence of DoE‟s own EQS, WHO or other

recognized organizations will be applied.



Table 6.7: Mitigation/Enhancement Measures during Pre- Construction and Construction and Operation Stages of DTC, IEPZ






Improper design of project facilities will lead to environmental degradation.


proposed in „Chapter 3 of this EA report.


BEPZA Consultant

Access Road Facilities

No entry gate to the proposed DTC site of IEPZ area which will hamper the movement of Construction vehicles and construction workers.

The IEPZ authority has demarcated the entrance gate of the proposed DTC site.

RHD/LGED will build the access road

Need related HSE policy maintenance in gate construction.

Contractor PIU/ External Supervisor

Construction Stage










Water spray to the construction materials (especially sand & boulder/brick chips) prior to loading and transport.


Machinery causing excess pollution (e.g. visible smoke) should be banned from construction sites or fixed immediately prior to further usage.


Water spray to the material stockpiles, access roads and bare soils as and when required to minimize the potential environmental nuisance due to dust. Increase the watering frequency

Contractor PIU/ CSC






during periods of high risk (e.g. high winds and dry periods). Stored materials such as boulders and sand should be covered and confined to avoid them being wind-drifted.






Noise Pollution



Construction activity: Noise will have an impact on adjacent residents.






Maintain all equipment in order to keep it in good working conditions in accordance with manufacturers‟ maintenance procedures. Equipment suppliers and contractors shall present proof of maintenance register of their equipment.







Contractor PIU/ CSC



















Contractor PIU/ CSC





so as to cause less offsite environmental impacts. The disposal site should be approved by

































Landscape Construction activities especially earthworks, stock piling of construction materials, parking of vehicles etc. will change topography and disturb the natural rainwater drainage as well as will change the local landscape temporarily.


Parking of construction vehicles and stockpiling of construction materials should be done in systematic way to avoid any drainage blockages, to enhance the aesthetics of the site.








Construction vehicular traffic: Increased use of narrow access road by construction vehicles will affect the movement of normal road traffics and the safety of the road-users.

Prepare and submit a traffic management plan to the PIU for approval at least 30 days before commencing work on any project component involving traffic diversion and management.















Note: Improvement of the access road has been started by LGED (Figure3.2). Access road should be improved fully prior to starting construction.

Contractor PIU/ CSC






Liquid/ hazardous waste

Improper storage and handling of fuels, lubricants, chemicals and hazardous liquid on-site, and potential spills from these liquid materials may harm the environment and health of construction workers.


Store dangerous goods in enclosed areas with a covering of a sealed plastic sheet away from watercourses.


Provide protective clothing, safety boots, helmets, masks, gloves, goggles, to the construction personnel, to handle construction materials.





Ensure basic firefighting equipment are in place outside these storage areas in case of a fire.

Contractor PIU/ CSC




Consider the location of construction camps away from communities in order to avoid social conflicts in using the natural resources such as water or to avoid other possible adverse impacts such as unsuitable interactions with the surrounding communities.


Local authorities responsible for health, religious and security shall be duly informed on the set up of camp facilities so as to maintain effective surveillance over public health, social and security matters.

Create awareness among the camp users on health and safety requirements to be

Contractor PIU/ CSC






maintained and code of conduct.

Construction Camp Facilities: Lack of proper infrastructure facilities, such as housing, water supply and sanitation facilities will increase pressure on the local services and generate substandard living conditions and health hazards.

Adequate housing for all workers should be provided avoiding overcrowding.

Provide safe and reliable water supply through deep tube wells of 300 m depth that meets the national standards.


Treatment facilities for sewerage of toilet and domestic waste.


Paved internal roads. Ensure grass/vegetation coverage making the use of top soil and there is no dust generation from the loose/exposed sandy surface. Pave the internal roads of at least haring-bond bricks (HBB) to suppress dusts and to avoid possible muddy surface during monsoon.

Contractor PIU/ CSC





Store inorganic wastes in a safe place and clear organic wastes on daily basis to waste collector or compost the waste.




Contractor PIU/ CSC

Health and Hygiene: There will be a potential for diseases to be transmitted

Provide adequate health care facilities within the construction site.







including malaria, exacerbated by inadequate health and safety practices. There will be an increased risk of work crews spreading sexually transmitted infections and HIV/AIDS.

Provide ambulance facility for the laborers to be transported to nearest hospitals (DEPZ hospital) during an emergency.

Conduct an initial health screening of the laborers coming from outside areas.

Train all construction workers in basic sanitation and health care issues and safety matters, and on the specific hazards of their work.

Provide HIV awareness program, including STI (sexually transmitted infections) and HIV information, education and communication for all workers on regular basis.

Establish a code of conduct for the contractor staff.


Carry out regular mosquito repellant spraying during monsoon periods.





Provide appropriate type of fire fighting equipments suitable for the construction camps.









Construction work may pose health and safety risks to the construction workers and site visitors leading to severe injuries and deaths. The population in the proximity of the construction site and the construction workers will be exposed to a number of (i) biophysical health risk factors, (e.g. noise, dust, chemicals, construction material, solid waste, waste water, vector transmitted diseases etc), (ii) risk factors resulting from human behavior (e.g. STD, HIV etc) and (iii) road accidents from construction traffic.

Implement suitable safety standards for all workers and site visitors which shall not be less than those laid down on the international standards (e.g. International Labor Office guideline on „Safety and Health in Construction; World Bank Group‟s „Environmental Health and Safety Guidelines‟) and contractor‟s own national standards or statutory regulations, in addition to complying with the national standards of the Government of Bangladesh (e.g. `The Bangladesh Labor Code, 2006‟).


Provide personal protection equipment (PPE) for workers, such as safety boots, helmets, masks, gloves, protective clothing, goggles, full-face eye shields, and ear protection. Maintain the PPE properly by cleaning dirty ones and replacing them with the damaged ones.

Safety procedures include provision of information, training and protective clothing to workers involved in hazardous operations and proper performance of their job.


Inform the local authorities responsible for health, religious and security before commencement of civil works and establishment of construction camps so as to maintain effective surveillance over public health, social and security matters

Contractor PIU/ CSC

Child and pregnant labors. Not hire children of less than 14 years of age and pregnant women or women who delivered a child within 8 preceding weeks, in accordance with the Bangladesh Labor Code, 2006

Contractor PIU/ CSC






Provide awareness to the construction drivers to strictly follow the driving rules.


Contractor PIU/ CSC







Adequate ventilation in all facilities.

Safe and reliable water supply. Water supply from deep tube wells that meets the national standards.


Treatment facilities for sewerage of toilet and domestic waste before releasing into common systems.


Recreational and social facilities.

Safe storage facilities for petroleum and other chemicals.

Solid waste collection and disposal system.

Arrangement for trainings (see Section 6.2.3.2).


Security fence at least 2 m high.


Contractor PIU/ CSC




Contractor PIU/ CSC



Liquid Waste Mitigation Measures.

Air Pollution Mitigation Measures.

Noise Mitigation Measures.


Contractor PIU/ CSC

Trainings: lack of awareness and basic knowledge in health care among the


Contractor PIU/ CSC






construction workforce, make them susceptible to potential diseases.

Operational Stage


Local drainage system may get clogged due to improper management of Solid waste, and other materials.

Maintain drains regularly as and when required. Solid wastes should not be dumped into the drain. Blocked drains should be cleaned properly and debris disposed at approved sites on a regular

basis.

PIU- Field office 2 IEPZ


Solid Waste

Generation

and Disposal

Water, air and land pollution cause diseases

Public health, eyesore, odor

Disease vector proliferation, sanitary problems

Setting up of separate waste collectors at different points. Regular cleaning and replacing of waste collectors. Waste disposal at a safe place. LA to collect solid waste everyday and dispose to the landfill site Encourage waste sorting by the facility users.



Sewage waste

Prohibition of water uses for intended purposes

Causes water borne diseases

Maintenance of Septic tanks, soak wells, pipes, etc. as and when required.

Provide a Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) and Soak Pit.




Occupational Health and Safety of the trainer, trainee and other management Staff

Female trainer may face OHS related issues as mentioned in Chapter 5.

Measures need to be taken as the given below. PIU- Field office 2 IEPZ




Occupational Health and Safety Management Plan An Occupational Health and Safety Management Plan (OHSMP) shall be established, operated and maintained for overall project. It is the responsibility and duty of the employer to ensure healthy and safe working conditions. A fully transparent OHSMP is a powerful tool towards fulfilling the objectives. Meaningful participation by trainers and employees is required for optimum results and these could be obtainable through efficient awareness building and training program among the trainers and employees. The initial system of assessment should include the needs for risk reduction and management related to HIV/AIDS at the place of work. The contents of the OHSMP manual is prepared from ILO-OHS 2001 and outlined in brief in the following table 6.8.

Table: 6.8 Occupational Health Safety and Hygiene Management System Features

1 Occupational Health Safety and Hygiene Policy

a. Management‟s supports and direction

2 Organizational Framework of the OHSMP (Safety Organization)

a. Staffing of OHSMP

b. Operating procedures

c. Training program on all topics of OHSMP

d. System documentation

e. Communication

3 OHSMP Objectives

a. Realistic and achievable participation of all by supervision

4 Risk and Hazard Prevention

a. Prevention and control measures

b. Emergency preparedness/ awareness and response

c. Procurement (tools, equipment, services contractors, etc.)

5 Performance Monitoring, Investigation and Reporting

a. Hazards and natural calamities prevention measures

b. Ambient working environment

c. Work related injuries, ill health, diseases and on-going incidents

d. On-going Medical and safety monitoring program for all workers and employees

6 Evaluation

a. Feedback

b. Corrective measures

c. Action plan


Fire and Earthquake are major disaster for the buildings occupants causing injury and even deaths due to insufficient or lack of disaster management plan. In this regard the following should be taken into consideration to protect the properties and property users such as:


There should be sufficient fire extinguishers in each floor which should be checked by the Fire Service Officials twice in a year



The storage capacity of the fire fighting reservoir should not be less than 100 cu.m so that a rate of flow of 2250 lpm at a pressure of 3kg/sq.m. could be maintained which should be capable of fighting about 45 minutes in case of a fire.


All electrical wirings should be accomplished with good quality wire to prevent electrical leakages, fires and spread of fires.




Site should be identified for assembly during fire or any other hazard with clear marking within and outside the buildings to reach safety


Emergency contact numbers should be displayed in easily accessible areas

Tree Plantation Program Planting for landscaping and noise attenuation is suggested for DTC area of IEPZ. Out of total 315 trees, 185

timber trees (50% and @ 3m interval), 73 fruit trees (30% and @ 2m interval), 49 fuel trees (10% and,@3m

interval and 24 medicinal trees (10% @3m interval) have to be planted. Suitable tree species for DTC site of

IEPZ are given below:

Table 6.9: Suitable Tree Species for DTC of IEPZ

Sl. No.


1 Amra (Spondias pinnata)

Jarul (Lagerstroemia speciosa)











4 Jam (Syzygium cumuin)

Akasmoni (Acacia auricoliformis)





Amloki


6.2.2.1 Environmental Monitoring Plan


protection of environment. During construction, environmental monitoring will ensure the protection of fertile

top soils, potential soil erosion from embankment, drainage congestion, and degradation of environmental

quality.



In accordance with the EMP, an environmental monitoring plan (MP) has been developed and presented in

Table 6.10. The contract documents will contain a listing of all required monitoring measures and a time

frame for the compliance monitoring of these activities. The monitoring will comprise surveillance to check

whether the contractor is meeting the provisions of the contract during construction and operation of the

Project including the responsible agencies for supervision.






in Table 6.10.




errors.













Table 6.10: Environmental Monitoring Program during Pre Construction, Construction and Operation Stage





Construction of Entry Gate from Access road to DTC area




Proposed DTC site of IEPZ

Contractor

PCU/ PIU- Field office 3 (IEPZ)

Construction Stage



Laboratory analysis


established


Inside the boundary of DTC of IEPZ (as per design)



Surface water Quality pH, DO, BOD, COD, Oil & Grease, Pb

Laboratory analysis


established


IEPZ residential area Contractor through a nationally recognized laboratory







Noise Level



established


ensure good

standard equipment

are in use,



in use by the












and equipment

maintenance records

Occupational health




Visual

inspection

Weekly

Construction Site

Contractor PIU- Field office 3 IEPZ

Operation Stage




PIU- Field office 3 IEPZ through a nationally recognized laboratory


Noise Level






Air Quality






Select healthy sapling to confirm survival rate

Visual inspection to ensure plantations in

Monthly

As per Master Plan

Contractor and PIU- Field office

PIU- Field office 3 IEPZ and PCU






Monitoring plantation procedure Growth Maintenance of Plants

green areas and other designated sites.

3 IEPZ





following sections:


a) Bangladesh Export Processing Zone (BEPZA)

Details are provided under 6.2.1.2 a)


Details are provided under 6.2.1.2 b)

c) Project Implementation Unit (PIU)




Organizational structure of PCU and PIU is shown in Figure 6.3.

Figure 6-3: Organgram of PCU and PIU




BE

PZ

A

IEP

Z A

uth

ori

ty

PIU- Field Office 3 (Ishwardi EPZ) Environmental & Social Unit (ESU)







- A Project Officer


- Two support staff


















environmental management.



The job description of the key staff in EU is given in the following sections.

i. Deputy Project Director (DPD)/ (General Manager, IEPZ)










issues properly.





ii. Superintend Engineer (Civil)
















Any other relevant works which will order from higher Authority.

iii. Executive Engineer (Civil)

















due time.

















iv. Assistant Engineer (Civil)


Engineer.







v. Sub Assistant Engineer (Civil)


Engineer.








Details are provided under 6.2.1.2 d).

e) Contractor

Details are provided under 6.2.1.2 e)


Details are provided under 6.2.1.2 f)


Details are similar to DEPZ as provided under 6.2.1.2

Institutional Framework for Implementing EMP

Proposed Institutional Framework for Implementation of EMP is shown in Figure 6.4.




PCU

BEPZA

PIU-Central

Unit

PIU- Field Office 3,

IEPZ/ ESU




Consultant (CSC)


EMP



6.2.2.3 Environmental Monitoring Cost

The environmental monitoring cost is given in Table 6.12. The costs of the monitoring will comprise: Air.

water, noise quality monitoring through sample collection and laboratory analysis:


0peration/yr.

Table 6-12: Cost of environmental monitoring during construction and operation


(USD) Quantity

Amount (USD)


B. Monitoring Cost


No 1 3,000 1 3,000


3. Air, Water and Noise Quality Testing No 1 4000 1 4,000


Sub Total 9,200







Sub Total 30,100


6.2.3 DTC of KEPZ

On the basis of discussion in Chapter 5.3, the possible mitigation measure presented in the following Table

6.13 is recommended for the medium and significant impacts. A mitigation measure is said successful when it

complies with the EQS as set by DoE. In absence of DoE‟s own EQS, World Health Organization (WHO) or

other recognized organizations can be applied.



Table 6.13: Mitigation/Enhancement Measures during Pre- Construction and Construction and Operation Stages of DTC, KEPZ


Proposed Mitigation Measures Responsible Institutes




Improper design of project facilities will lead to environmental degradation


(BNBC) proposed in „Chapter 3 of this EA report.


BEPZA Consultant

Tree Cut The tree will loss from the DTC acquired site

Tree plantation will be done at all suitable locations such as at the boundary side around the DTC, vacant land area.

Different types of local trees as listed in Table 6.12 will be planted. Green areas will be developed in DTC area.

Contractor PIU

Utilities (Water Supply)

The ground water quality of

DTC area of KEPZ is saline

which will hamper

construction works and H&S

of workers

As per the consultation meeting with KEPZ, they will extend their existing water facilities (treated water by WTP) through pipe line to the proposed DTC area of KEPZ. This facility should be ensured prior to start construction.

Contractor PIU

Blockage of wall & construction of 150m new access road

Vehicle cannot move into the

site

Worker cannot move into the

site

As per the consultation of KEPZ and CDDL authority; both parties agreed to break the wall for the approach road to DTC area.

Appropriate H&S measure to be taken when break the wall & construction of new road portion

Contractor PIU

Construction Stage









Water spray to the construction materials (especially sand & boulder/brick chips) prior to

Contractor PIU/ CSC







loading and transport.


Machinery causing excess pollution (e.g. visible smoke) should be banned from construction sites or fixed immediately prior to further usage.


Water spray to the material stockpiles, access roads and bare soils as and when required to minimize the potential environmental nuisance due to dust. Increase the watering frequency during periods of high risk (e.g. high winds and dry periods). Stored materials such as boulders and sand should be covered and confined to avoid them being wind-drifted.






Noise Pollution



Construction activity: Noise will have an impact on






Maintain all equipment in order to keep it in good working conditions in accordance with

Contractor PIU/ CSC






adjacent residents. manufacturers‟ maintenance procedures. Equipment suppliers and contractors shall present proof of maintenance register of their equipment.




















Contractor PIU/ CSC





so as to cause less offsite environmental impacts. The disposal site should be approved by

































Landscape Construction activities especially earthworks, stock piling of construction materials, parking of vehicles


Parking of construction vehicles and stockpiling of construction materials should be done in






etc. will change topography and disturb the natural rainwater drainage as well as will change the local landscape temporarily.

systematic way to avoid any drainage blockages, to enhance the aesthetics of the site.



Construction vehicular traffic: Increased traffic use of narrow access road by construction vehicles will affect the movement of normal road traffics and the safety of the road-users.

Prepare and submit a traffic management plan to the PIU for approval at least 30 days before commencing work on any project component involved in traffic diversion and management.















Note: About 150m long new access road from wall to DTC site should be constructed fully prior to start construction (during pre-construction)

Contractor PIU/ CSC

Liquid/ hazardous

Improper storage and handling of fuels, lubricants,


Store dangerous goods in enclosed areas with a covering of a sealed plastic sheet away

Contractor PIU/ CSC






waste chemicals and hazardous liquid on-site, and potential spills from these liquid materials may harm the environment and health of construction workers.

from watercourses.


Provide protective clothing, safety boots, helmets, masks, gloves, goggles, to the construction personnel, appropriate to handle construction materials.





Ensure basic firefighting equipment are in place outside these storage areas in case of a fire




Consider the location of construction camps away from communities in order to avoid social conflicts in using the natural resources such as water or to avoid other possible adverse impacts of the construction camps on the surrounding communities.


Local authorities responsible for health, religious and security shall be duly informed on the set up of camp facilities so as to maintain effective surveillance over public health, social and security matters

Create awareness among the camp users on health and safety requirements to be maintained and code of conduct

Contractor PIU/ CSC

Construction Camp Facilities: Adequate housing for all workers should be provided avoiding over crowding Contractor PIU/ CSC






Lack of proper infrastructure facilities, such as housing, water supply and sanitation facilities will increase pressure on the local services and generate substandard living standards and health hazards.

Safe and reliable water supply. Water supply from deep tube wells of 300 m depth that meets the national standards


Treatment facilities for sewerage of toilet and domestic wastes


Paved internal roads. Ensure with grass/vegetation coverage to be made of the use of top soil and there is no dust generation from the loose/exposed sandy surface. Pave the internal roads of at least haring-bond bricks to suppress dusts and to avoid possible muddy surface during monsoon.



Insist waste separation by source; organic wastes in one container and inorganic wastes in another container at sources. .

Store inorganic wastes in a safe place within the sources and clear organic wastes on daily basis to waste collector or compost the waste.




Contractor PIU/ CSC

Health and Hygiene: There will be a potential for diseases to be transmitted including malaria, exacerbated by inadequate health and safety practices. There will be an increased

Provide adequate health care facilities within construction sites.


Provide ambulance facility for the laborers during emergency to be transported to nearest hospitals. (KEPZ Hospital)






risk of work crews spreading sexually transmitted infections and HIV/AIDS.

Conduct an initial health screening of the laborers coming from outside areas

Train all construction workers in basic sanitation and health care issues and safety matters, and on the specific hazards of their work

Provide HIV awareness programming, including STI (sexually transmitted infections) and HIV information, education and communication for all workers on regular basis

Establish a code of conduct for the contractor staff


Regular mosquito repellant spraying during monsoon periods.





Provide appropriate type of fire fighting equipments suitable for the construction camps




Best practices: Construction works may pose health and safety risks to the construction workers and site visitors leading to severe injuries and deaths. The population in the proximity of the construction site and the construction workers will be exposed to a number of (i) biophysical health risk

Implement suitable safety standards for all workers and site visitors which shall not be less than those laid down on the international standards (e.g. International Labor Office guideline on „Safety and Health in Construction; World Bank Group‟s „Environmental Health and Safety Guidelines‟) and contractor‟s own national standards or statutory regulations, in addition to complying with the national standards of the Government of Bangladesh (e.g. `The Bangladesh Labor Code, 2006‟)


Provide personal protection equipment (PPE) for workers, such as safety boots, helmets, masks, gloves, protective clothing, goggles, full-face eye shields, and ear protection. Maintain

Contractor PIU/ CSC






factors, (e.g. noise, dust, chemicals, construction material, solid waste, waste water, vector transmitted diseases etc), (ii) risk factors resulting from human behavior (e.g. STD, HIV etc) and (iii) road accidents from construction traffic.

the PPE properly by cleaning dirty ones and replacing them with the damaged ones.

Safety procedures include provision of information, training and protective clothing to workers involved in hazardous operations and proper performance of their job


Inform the local authorities responsible for health, religious and security before commencement of civil works and establishment of construction camps so as to maintain effective surveillance over public health, social and security matters.

Child and pregnant labors Not hire children of less than 14 years of age and pregnant women or women who delivered a child within 8 preceding weeks, in accordance with the Bangladesh Labor Code, 2006.

Contractor PIU/ CSC






Provide awareness to the construction drivers to strictly follow the driving rules


Contractor PIU/ CSC


Adequate ventilation in all facilities

Safe and reliable water supply. Water supply from deep tube wells that meets the national standards


Treatment facilities for sewerage of toilet and domestic wastes


Recreational and social facilities

Safe storage facilities for petroleum and other chemicals

Contractor PIU/ CSC






Solid waste collection and disposal system

Arrangement for trainings


Security fence at least 2 m height.





Contractor PIU/ CSC



Liquid Waste Mitigation Measures

Air Pollution Mitigation Measures

Noise Mitigation Measures


Contractor PIU/ CSC



Contractor PIU/ CSC

Operational Stage


Local drainage system may clog due to improper management of Solid waste, and other materials.

Maintain drains regularly as and when required

Solid wastes should not be dumped into the drain.

Blocked drains should be cleaned properly and debris disposed at approved sites.

PIU- Field office 2 KEPZ


Solid Waste

Generation

and Disposal

Water, air and land

pollution

Cause diseases to man

Setting up of separate waste collectors at different points Regular cleaning and replacing of waste collectors Waste disposal at a safe place Savar Upazila Parishad to collect solid waste everyday and disposed to the landfill site








and other lives

Public health, eyesore,

odour

Disease vector

proliferation, sanitary

problems

Encourage waste sorting by the facility users.

Sewage waste

Prohibition of water uses

for intended purposes

Causes water borne

diseases

Maintenance of Septic tanks, soak wells, pipes, etc. as and when required

Provide a Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) and Soak Pit




Occupational Health and Safety of the trainer, trainee and other management staff

Female trainer may face

OHS related issues as

mentioned in Chapter 5.

Measure need to be taken as the given below. PIU- Field office 2 KEPZ




Occupational Health and Safety Management Plan An Occupational Health and Safety Management Plan (OHSMP) shall be established, operated and maintained for overall project. It is the responsibility and duty of the employer to ensure healthy and safe working conditions. A fully transparent OHSMP is a powerful tool towards fulfilling the objectives. Meaningful participation by trainers and employees is required for optimum results and these could be obtainable through efficient awareness building and training program among the trainers and employees. The initial system of assessment should include the needs for risk reduction and management related to HIV/AIDS at the place of work. The contents of the OHSMP manual is prepared from ILO-OHS 2001 and outlined in brief in the following table 6.13.

Table: 6.13: Occupational Health Safety and Hygiene Management System Features

1 Occupational Health Safety and Hygiene Policy

a. Management‟s supports and direction.

2 Organizational Framework of the OHSMP (Safety Organization)

a. Staffing of OHSMP;

b. Operating procedures;

c. Training program on all topics of OHSMP;

d. System documentation; and

e. Communication.

3 OHSMP Objectives

a. Realistic and achievable participation of all by supervision.

4 Risk and Hazard Prevention

a. Prevention and control measures;

b. Emergency preparedness/ awareness and response; and

c. Procurement (tools, equipment, services, contractors, etc.).

5 Performance Monitoring, Investigation and Reporting

a. Hazards and natural calamities prevention measures;

b. Ambient working environment;

c. Work related injuries, ill health, diseases and on-going incidents; and

d. On-going medical and safety monitoring program for all workers and employees.

6 Evaluation

a. Feedback;

b. Corrective measures; and

c. Action plan.


Fire and Earthquake are major disaster for the buildings occupants causing injury and even death due to insufficient or lack of disaster management plan. In this regard, the following should be taken into consideration to protect the properties and property users such as:


There should be sufficient fire extinguishers in each floor which should be checked by the Fire Service Officials twice in a year.



The storage capacity of the fire fighting reservoir should not be less than 100 cu.m so that a rate of flow of 2250 lpm at a pressure of 3kg/sq.m. could be maintained which should be capable of fighting about 45 minutes in case of a fire.


All electrical wirings should be accomplished with good quality wire to prevent electrical leakages, fires and spread of fires.




Site should be identified for assembly during fire or any other hazard with clear marking within and outside the buildings to reach safety.


Cyclone Management Plan The area of the proposed DTC of KEPZ has risk of cyclone and tidal surges. The following measure need to be taken: Regular communication with Bangladesh meteorological department Awareness for cyclone and tidal preparedness Preparedness for after cyclone disaster management Listen always radio news and act accordingly.

Tree Plantation Program Planting for landscaping and noise attenuation is suggested for DTC area of KEPZ. Total of 315 trees need to

be planted including 178 timber trees (50% and @ 3m interval), 70 fruit trees (30% and @ 2m interval), 46

fuel trees (10% and,@3m interval) and 21 medicinal trees (10% @3m interval) have to be planted. Suitable

tree species for DTC site of KEPZ has to be depicted below:

Table 6.14: Suitable Tree Species

Sl. No.


1 Amra (Spondias pinnata)

Jarul (Lagerstroemia speciosa)











4 Jam (Syzygium cumuin)

Akasmoni (Acacia auricoliformis)





Amloki


7 Jhao



6.2.4 Environmental Monitoring Plan


protection of environment. During construction, environmental monitoring will ensure the protection of

degradation of environmental quality.

In accordance with the EMP, an Environmental Monitoring Plan (MP) has been developed and presented in

Table 6.15. The contract documents will contain a listing of all required monitoring measures and a time

frame for the compliance monitoring of these activities. The monitoring will comprise surveillance to check

whether the contractor is meeting the provisions of the contract during construction and operation of the

Project including the responsible agencies for supervision.






in Table 6.15.




errors.













Table 6.15: Environmental Monitoring Program during Pre Construction, Construction and Operation Stage





Removal of Wall located at end access road & construction of 150m long new road to connect the DTC Site



During site clearance operations regularly

Proposed DTC site of KEPZ

Contractor


Tree Cut Monitoring all prescribed mitigation measures in Mitigation Table (Table 6.11)



Proposed DTC site of KEPZ

FD, Contractor


Construction Stage



Laboratory analysis


established


Inside the boundary of DTC of KEPZ (as per design)








Noise Level



established


ensure good

standard equipment

are in use,












in use by the



and equipment

maintenance records

Occupational health





Construction Site

Contractor PIU- Field office 4 KEPZ

Operation Stage




PIU- Field office 2 KEPZ through a nationally recognized laboratory


Noise Level




PIU- Field office 2 KEPZ through a nationally recognized laboratory


Air Quality



PIU- Field office 2 KEPZ through a nationally recognized







laboratory


Select healthy sapling to confirm survival rate Monitoring plantation procedure Maintenance of plants

Visual inspection to ensure plantations in green areas and other designated sites.

Monthly

As per Master Plan

Contractor and PIU- Field office 4 KEPZ

PIU- Field office 4 KEPZ and PCU





following sections:


following sections.


a) Bangladesh Export Processing Zone (BEPZA)

Details are provided under 6.2.1.2 a).


Details are provided under 6.2.1.2 b)

c) Project Implementation Unit (PIU)




Organizational structure of PCU and PIU is shown in the following Figure 6.5:

Figure 6.5: Organgram of PCU and PIU



BE

PZ

A

KE

PZ

Au

tho

rity

PIU- Field Office 4 (Karnaphuly EPZ) Environmental & Social Unit (ESU)







- A Project Officer


- Two support staff



















environmental management.



The job description of the key staff in EU is given in the following sections:

i. Deputy Project Director (DPD)/ (General Manager, KEPZ)










issues properly.





vi. Superintend Engineer (Civil)
















Any other relevant works which will order from higher Authority.

vii. Executive Engineer (Civil)

















due time.



















viii. Assistant Engineer (Civil)


Engineer.





ix. Sub Assistant Engineer (Civil)


Engineer.








Details are provided under 6.2.1.2 d).

e) Contractor

Details are provided under 6.2.1.2 e).


Details are provided under 6.2.1.2 f).


Details are similar to DEPZ and provided under 6.2.1.2

6.2.4.2 Institutional Framework for Implementing EMP

Proposed institutional framework for implementation of EMP is shown in Figure 6.6.




PCU

BEPZA

PIU-Central

Unit

PIU- Field Office 4, KEPZ/ ESU




Consultant (CSC)


EMP



6.2.5 Environmental Monitoring Cost

The environmental monitoring cost is given in Table 6-5. The costs of the monitoring will comprise: Air. water,

noise quality monitoring through sample collection and laboratory analysis:


operation/yr.

Table 6.17: Cost of Environmental Monitoring During Construction and Operation


(USD) Quantity

Amount (USD)


B. Monitoring Cost


No 1 3,000 1 3,000


3. Air, Water and Noise Quality Testing

No 1 4000 1 4,000


Sub Total 9,200







Sub Total 30,100




7 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES

7.1 The No Build Scenario

From a purely physical environmental point of view, the „do-nothing‟ is preferable to any project

implementation, since it would avoid creation of any of the adverse impacts associated with the project.

However, the potential socio-economic benefits to the nation would be foregone and industrial growth would

be hampered by going for this option.

It is concluded that the „No build‟ alternative is unacceptable, and the potential socio-economic benefits of

implementation of such project far outweighs the adverse impacts which are minor and temporary can be

controlled and minimized to an acceptable level.

7.2 Consideration of Alternatives

Due to land scarcity in the country, seeking an alternative site for establishing a DTC area near the EPZ is

quite difficult. Also, land acquisition is a lengthy and complex procedure under the existing Land Acquisition

Law of Bangladesh (LA Ordinance 1982). In addition, the project conceptual development over alternative

sites is quite difficult because delay in overall land acquisition process might create social conflicts and risks

for the project. All 3 sites have been selected by BEPZA within the land owned by them and has done all

general layout planning. This is also beneficial, as it also provides opportunity to use the EPZ industries to

provide case studies on-site training. To avoid or minimize the impacts resulting from the activities of the

project, EPZ authority is expected to adopt appropriate technological design, improvements or adjustments,

policy including good site operational practices and applicable EMP and SMP, etc. The overall strategy shall

follow the following sequence:

Impact avoidance or minimization

Adequate Compensation where impacts are unavoidable

Enhancement Measures – Employment benefit enhancement measures proposed by the

consultants.



8 PUBLIC CONSULTATIONS

8.1 General Consideration

Public Consultations such as Focus Group Discussions (FGDs), individual local people and Stakeholder

Consultations (SCs) have been conducted continuously during the EA study in conformity with the WB and

DOE guidelines to achieve the following objectives:

To enhance the sustainability of project by ensuring that interventions are relevant to the objectives

of the project and will be beneficial to the people of the area.

To determine potential environmental, social, economical, cultural impacts and develop their

mitigation plans including potential negative impacts along with mitigation and positive impacts along

with enhancement.

FGDs have been carried out with the group of people such as:

EPZ Officials

EPZ workers (Female)

Local Government Representatives

People living near the EPZs ( Female and both female & male)

Small businessmen

Stakeholder consultations have been carried out mainly with the following organizations such as: BEPZA,

DEPZ, IEPZ, KEPZ, REB and RHD.

These public consultations have been provided key inputs for the identification of the potential impacts (site

specific) along with possible mitigation and enhancement measures of the project.

8.2 Focus Group Discussion

8.2.1 DTC of DEPZ

The details of FGDs are given in the following Table 8.1. The findings of these of these FGDs are

summarized in Table 8.2. Photographs of FGDs and list of participants are presented in the Annex 8.1.

Table 8.1 Details of FGDs

Type of Group Date Village Union Upazila/ Thana

District No. of Participants

Shop Keepers 13 Sep,10 Pabner tek Dhamsona Savar Dhaka 11

DEPZ Workers 15 Sep,10 Pabner tek Dhamsona Savar Dhaka 8

Upazila Chairman- Members

15 Sep,10 Balivadra bazar

Dhamsona Savar Dhaka 10

DEPZ Officers 15 Sep,10 EPZ Dhamsona Savar Dhaka 9

Police, Ashulia Police Station

16Sep, 10 Bolivadra Dhamsona Savar Dhaka 8

Mosque Committee 17Sep, 2010 Vadail bazar Dhamsona Savar Dhaka 7

Total 53



Table 8.2 Summery of the FGDs

Questions to the Groups Participants opinion, comments and suggestions

Action point/Response to proposal

Any air pollution in the area due to the project during construction and operation? If yes how to mitigate?

Yes, moderate impact may be during construction period due to carry out of sands, earthwork and breaking of bricks, boulders etc. Try to reduce air pollutions.

Construction materials carrying vehicles should be covered well.

Water should be sprayed on the road to prevent dust flow in the air.

Any noise- impact of the project during construction and operation at the locality? If yes how to mitigate?

Yes, noise pollution may be occurred from movement of vehicles, piling and breaking of bricks during construction period.

Try to avoid making loud noise.

Temporary wall should be made surrounding the DTC area to stop spreading of noise.

Is the DTC area inundated during flood?

The project site is not a flood prone area. This area was not flooded even in 1988 and1996 high floods.

What are the present drainage facilities? Any drainage congestion occurs? If yes how many days it remains?

There are no drainage and sewerage facilities in the proposed project site.

Drainage and sewerage facilities have to be constructed to address drainage congestion and flooding

Where do you dump household waste? Where is nearest waste dumping area? How the wastes are being carried to the dumping site?

Household and other wastes are collected by local people privately and dump on the vacant lands.

Household waste management systems have to be developed in the project area.

Does the existing status of present utilities affect the locality and whether it needs to move? (e.g. electric wire, water/ sewerage line, gas, telephone etc.)

REB electric line crosses over the DTC site.

Piped gas is supplied from TITAS Gas Company.

Deep tube well water is used for drinking purposes which is arsenic and iron free.

REB line needs to be shifted prior to start construction.

Which type of vehicles move on adjacent road? Does traffic congestion occur? Any accidents occur on the access road of DTC site? If yes how many/year? Where & how far clinic/hospital is located for treatment?

The adjacent road is used by rickshaws, vans, bicycles, motor cycles, etc. Sometimes goods and construction materials carrying trucks are also found.

Traffic congestion occurs due to poor and narrow road.

Construction materials carried by truck

should be driven at night to avoid accidents and traffic jam.

No accidents have occurred so far and

this is due to low speed of vehicles. A clinic and diagnostic center are located about 1.25 km from the DTC.

The connecting road needs to be improved before starting construction works to avoid any accidents.

Are you in favour of this project? Why?

Yes, by this project unskilled and poor women can develop their skills. They will help their family by earning money as well as help to national economy.



8.2.2 DTC of IEPZ

The details of FGDs are given in the following table 8.3. The findings of these FGDs are summarized in Table

8.4. Photographs of FGDs and list of participants are presented in the Annex 8.2.


Group of people

Date Village Union Upazilla District No. Of Participants

Poor Women 4,September 2010

5 No. Saraghat Pakshi Ishwardi Pabna 12

Vulnerable Women

4,September 2010

Civilhat Pakshi Ishwardi Pabna 12

Farmers 5,September 2010

Civilhat Pakshi Ishwardi Pabna 12

Women 5,September 2010

Bagul Para Pakshi Ishwardi Pabna 12

UP Members 6,September 2010

Pakshi Union Parishad

Pakshi Ishwardi Pabna 8

NGO Officers 6,September 2010

Hospital Road Pakshi Ishwardi Pabna 7

Businessmen 7,September 2010

Taltala Pakshi Ishwardi Pabna 10

IEPZ Workers 8,September 2010

IEPZ Pakshi Ishwardi Pabna 12

Total 85

Table 8.4 Summary of FGDs

Questions to the community Participants opinion, comments and suggestions

Action point/Response

to proposal


Most of the participants said as followings- People live adjacent to the road may face

slight air pollution due to the transporting of sands, earthwork and brick‟s chips.

Dust will be flowed on the road. The construction materials carrying vehicles

should be covered properly and water should be sprayed on the road regularly.

Measures should be taken to stop dust creation on the road during construction period.


Sound from construction materials carrying vehicles, piling and breaking of bricks may cause a little bit noise impact.

A few of them said that they will tolerate it thinking good future of the project.

Vehicles should be driven at day time producing less noise.

Any impact on soil especially during construction? If yes how to mitigate?

Majority said that there will have no impact on the existing soil.

The proposed DTC has less impact on the soil.

Any impact on ground/ drinking water quality due to the project during construction & operation of the project? If yes how to mitigate?

Most of the participants said no impact on the ground/ drinking water.

A few also said that ground water level may be slightly decreased, but no significant impact on the environment.

During construction, surface water should be used to reduce load on the ground water.



Questions to the community Participants opinion, comments and suggestions

Action point/Response

to proposal

Any impact on trees & wildlife (birds fox etc)? If yes how to mitigate?

Most of the participants said that there will be a little bit impact on the existing wildlife; a few animals may be migrated during preparing of the project.

Firmly try to save the biodiversity.

More Trees should be planted in the project area and should try to ensure safe habitat for the wildlife.


The participants said that the DTC area is not usually inundated during flood.

The project site is not a flood prone area.

The proposed DTC should be established maintaining proper height to avoid any future flood.

What are the present drainage facilities? Any drainage congestion occurs? If yes how many days it remains?

Earthen drainage line connected to the nearby culvert.

Drainage congestion is never occurred.

The drainage line should be made of sand, cement.

Where are you dumped household waste? Where is nearest waste dumping area? How the wastes are being carried to the dumping site?

All of them said no waste disposal facilities in the area.

Waste disposal facilities should be ensured in the project site area.

Is any cultural resource located nearby the DTC site? If yes where & how far?

There is no cultural resource nearby the DTC project site.


All of the participants ensured the availability of electricity, gas and water. Piped gas is used.

Ground water is the main source of drinking water.

PDB supplies the electricity.


Vot-boti (local), Tempo (local), rickshaw, cycle, Truck, etc.

At present, there is no access road to go to the DTC project area.

They usually take treatment facilities from the Ishwardi Sador Hospital.

Facilities should be available to tackle any sudden accidents or health hazards for the trainees.

Are you in favor of this project? Why?

All the participants are in favor of this project Poor women will get training in free of cost and then they will get job and can provide financial support to their family.

8.2.3 DTC of KEPZ

The details of FGDs are given in the following table 8.5. The findings of these of these FGDs are summarized

in Table 8.6. Photographs of FGDs and list of participants are presented in the Annex 8.3.




Group of people

Date Village Ward No.

Upazilla/ Thana

District No. of Participants

KEPZ Officers 18.09.10 KEPZ 40 Patenga Chittagong 10

Female 19.09.10 CDDL Colony 40 Patenga Chittagong 12

Teachers 20.09.10 Zoutho Abashik Colony Primary School

40 Patenga Chittagong 4

Male 21.09.10 CDDL Colony 40 Patenga Chittagong 12

KEPZ Workers 22.09.10 KEPZ 40 Patenga Chittagong 12

Total 50

Table 8.6 Summary of FGDs

Questions to the community

Participants opinion, comments and suggestions



Slight pollution may be occurred at the construction period during transporting of sands, earthwork and breaking of brick‟s chips. Dust will be flowed on the road. The construction materials carrying vehicles should be covered properly and water should be sprayed when required.

Measures should be taken to stop dust creation on the road during construction period.


Most of the participants said that movement of heavy vehicles, piling and breaking of bricks may cause noise impact during construction phase.

Vehicles should be driven at day time

Vehicles should be driven at day time producing less noise.

Any impact on soil especially during construction? If yes how to mitigate?

Majority said no impact. The proposed DTC has less impact on the existing soil environment.

Any impact on ground/ drinking water quality due to the project during construction & operation of the project? If yes how to mitigate?

Most of the participants frequently uttered about the insufficient supply of drinking water of Chittagong WASA.

They said that the construction and operation of the project will not create any ground or drinking water quality degradation.

Any impact on trees & wildlife (birds fox etc)? If yes how to mitigate?

A few trees will be cut down A few animals may be migrated during

preparation of the project area. Firmly try to save the biodiversity.

More trees are to be planted

More Trees should be planted within the project boundary.


The DTC area is not usually inundated during flood.

The project site is not a flood prone area. But it was inundated in 1991 when the coastal embankment was broken down.

The proposed DTC basement should be established maintaining proper height to avoid flood in the future.

What are the present drainage facilities? Any

They said that existing drainage facility is moderately well. Drainage congestion is

The drainage line should be cleaned up to increase



Questions to the community

Participants opinion, comments and suggestions


drainage congestion occurs? If yes how many days it remains?

never occurred. the flow.

Where are you dumped household waste? Where is nearest waste dumping area? How the wastes are being carried to the dumping site?

Household wastes are dumped in the dustbin present in the colony. The wastes are carried out by the CDA vehicles.

Is any cultural resource located nearby the DTC site? If yes where & how far?

There is no cultural resource nearby the DTC site.


We have Drinking water and electricity problem. The supply of water by Chittagong WASA is not satisfactory. Piped gas is used. Chittagong WASA should increase the supply of water.PDB should reduce load shedding problem.

Measures should be taken to ensure sufficient drinking water supply and electricity required for the DTC.


Rickshaw, cycle, car, staff bus etc. Majority said that there occurs no traffic congestion. Majority said that, there occurred no remarkable accidents on the road.

They usually take treatment facilities from the nearby MBBS doctor‟s clinic and CMC.

Facilities should be available to tackle any sudden accidents or health hazards for the trainees.

Are you in favour of this project? Why?

Most of the participants are in favor of this project.

Poor women will get training in free of cost and then they will be employed.

All the local people are in favor of the DTC project.

8.3 Stakeholder Consultations

Stakeholder consultations were undertaken during September 2010 and involved a team of consultation

specialists; the Social Team undertook consultation with Union level officials and other stakeholders including,

community leaders, community members and business leaders; the Government consultation process

included District level and Upazila level.

Consulted stakeholders can be divided into the following groups:

Government (National, Divisional and District levels);

Upazila and Union Parishad Leaders, NGOs and other small groups;

Occupational groups (i.e. farmer groups, rickshaw and van puller groups, business community,

Indigenous groups); and

Households.

A summary of participants list is provided below in Table 8.7.



Table 8.7: Participation List of Stakeholder Consultations Undertaken

Stakeholder Category Activities Undertaken for EIA Preparation

DTC of Dhaka EPZ

1 Md. Ashraful Kabir, General Manager, Dhaka EPZ, Savar, Dhaka 2 Kalam Md. Abul Bashar, Dy. Manager (Industrial Relation), Dhaka EPZ,

Savar, Dhaka 3 Md. Jillur Rahman, Project Engineer (In-charge), Dhaka EPZ, Savar, Dhaka 4 Ms. Rokeya Huq, Vice Chairman/Panel Mayor, Savar Upazila Parishad 5 Ruhul Amin, Community Police, Ashulia Police Station 6 Sirajul Islam, Officer in Charge, Ashulia Police Station 7 Shah Alam, School Teacher, Dhamsona Primary School 8 Rafayetullah, Mayor, Savar Pourasava 9 Md. Shaherul Alam, AGM, Admin, REB, Ashulia, Savar, Dhaka

DTC of Ishwardi EPZ 1 Md. Ahsan Kabir, General Manager, Ishwardi EPZ, Pabna

2 Mr. Mahbub Ahmed Siddique, SE (Add. Charge), Ishwardi EPZ, Pabna

3 Md. Babor Ali, SAE (civil), Ishwardi EPZ, Pabna

4 Md. Mozammel Haque, AE (civil), Ishwardi EPZ, Pabna

5 Md. Abul Kalam, Vice Chairman, Ishwardi Union Prishad, Ishwardi UZ,

Pabna

6 Md. Shafuqul Islam, Literate to Women, Bangladesh Railway

7 Md. Golam Kibria, Ex-engineer, LGED, Pabna

8 Md. Khaled Syed, Ex-Engineer, RHD, Pabna

DTC of Karnaphuli EPZ

1 Md. Mahmud Hasan, General Manager, Karnaphuli EPZ, Chittagong 2 KM Mahbub-E-Sobhani, Executive Engr, Karnaphuli EPZ, Chittagong

3 Abdul Barek Company, Ward Commissioner, Ward No, 40 CDA, Patenga, Chittagong

4 Abdul Razzak, duty Officer, Patenga Model Thana, Chittagong

5 Sk. Mohd. Hossain, Deputy General Manager, Chittagong Dry Dock Ltd, Patenga, Chittagong

6 Khan Abdul Wadud, Deputy Chief Engineer, Chittagong Dry Dock Ltd, Patenga, Chittagong

7 Mrs. Shirin Akhter, Acting Headmistress, Joutha Abashik Colony Primary School,(Karnaphuli) Patenga, Chittagong

8 Mrs. Monowara Sultana, Teacher, Zoutho Abashik Colony Primary School,(Karnaphuli) Patenga, Chittagong

Client & Design Consultant

1 I A Khan, Managing Director, Medway Consultancy Services(UK) Ltd. Dhaka

2 Ben Flatman, Architect, Medway Consultancy Services(UK) Ltd. Dhaka

3 Sabah Moyeen, Social Development, The World Bank, Dhaka

4 Warren A. Van Wicklin International Development Consultant, Social

Development, Evaluation, and Policy Analysis, World Bank, Dhaka

5 AKM Mahbubur Rahman, Member, (Finance) Current Charge, BEPZA HQs,

Dhaka



8.3.1 Mitigation and Management of Key Stakeholder Concerns

In order to address key issues and concerns identified through the consultation process a series of

management and mitigation measures have been developed. Common questions and mitigation measures

are provided in Table 8.8. Specific findings of the individual interview at different site has been illustrated in

the Table 8.9, 8.10 and 8.11.

Table 8.8: Key Stakeholder Concerns and Management and Mitigation Measures in Three DTCs of DEPZ, IEPZ and KEPZ

Key community concerns Proposed management measures

Potential damage to roads and other infrastructure.

Undertake a survey on the status of local infrastructure prior to Project and following completion of Project.

Repair or compensate for any damage caused by the project to local infrastructure such as roads.

Potential for increased risk of accidents on the access road as a result of the Project

Develop traffic management plan and implement traffic management controls around the Project site for approaching traffic to slow down.

Potential environmental impacts:

Impacts on surface water and groundwater; and

General waste management.

Develop and implement environmental management plans to address all aspects of the environment.

Potential for the utilization of local labor. Policies to employ local labor where feasible, in accordance with skills requirements.

8.4 Individual Interviews

Different level of individual was interviewed by the consultants and field surveyors regarding the proposed DTC site and its activities.

8.4.1 DTC of DEPZ

Table 8.9: Specific Findings of the Individual Interview at DTC of DEPZ

Discussion Points Action Points

1. Whether the person is concern

about the proposed DTC site

and its proposed activities?

The personnel were concerned about the

proposed DTC project at DEPZ. They knew

that there will be a training centre which will

train people for better job opportunity. And

BEPZA will facilitate the training activities.

They were aware of the NARI project

2. REB electric line passes over

the proposed DTC site of DEPZ

which needs to be shifted prior

to start construction.

DEPZ and local authority of REB, both parties

agreed to shift the line through the outside of

the boundary.

BEPZA should discuss with the corresponding authority before starting construction

3. Land ownership of the DTC

area.

The land for the proposed DTC is owned by

DEPZ.

The EPZ authority has full access to the area




The land is vacant and enclosed by a brick

wall.

4. Comments regarding the DTC

project.

The interviewed personnel appreciated and

welcomed the project.

They welcomed the project

8.4.2 DTC of IEPZ

Table 8.10: Findings of the Individual Interview at DTC of IEPZ


Whether the person is concern









No link road & entry gate to

the proposed DTC site of IEPZ

area will hamper the

movement of Construction

vehicles and construction

workers.

The IEPZ authority has demarcated the entrance gate of the proposed DTC site. Instead of LGED, RHD will build the approach road

IEPZ authority appeal to RHD to build the approach road instead of LGED as RHD has make the highway

Land ownership of the DTC

area.


IEPZ.

The land is vacant and 3 sided boundary by

brick wall.

The EPZ authority has full access to the area

Comments regarding the DTC

project.




8.4.3 DTC of KEPZ

Table 8.11: Findings of the Individual Interview at DTC of KEPZ


5. Whether the person is concern









6. Blockage of wall in between the

access road to the DTC and the

approach road.

The block wall has been established by the

authority of CDDL to enclose their colony.

Discussion should be done with the CDDL

authority before breaking the wall.

BEPZA already taken the authority of the

wall

BEPZA should discuss with the corresponding authority before breaking the wall.

7. Land ownership of the DTC

area.


BEPZA.

The land is being used for agricultural

The authority of KEPZ has ensured about the authentication of the land




cultivation by a local person on lease basis.

The duration of the lease contact has been

finished on 31st March, 2009.

lease contact document.

8. Comments regarding the DTC

project.






9 CONCLUSIONS

The present Environmental Assessment studied the environmental baseline conditions for the DTC sites of

DEPZ, IEPZ and KEPZ in addition to screened the sites to assess potential impacts. The EA reveals that

there will be both negative (mainly temporary construction related) and positive environmental impacts due to

the construction activities and normal operations of the 3 DTC sites. The potential impacts of the 3 DTCs site

development include:

Common Potential Impacts of all 3 DTC:

During Construction:

Negative impacts:

Air pollution

Noise Pollution

Sewage

Solid waste

Landscape

Access road facilities/traffic congestion

Road accident

Occupational Health and safety

Nearby public H&S

Positive Impacts:

Job Opportunities

Business opportunities

During Operation:

Negative Impacts:

Solid waste

Sewage

Occupational H&S

Positive Impacts

Tree plantation (899 nos.)

Transport Linkage

Job Opportunities

Business opportunities

Specific Impacts of 3 DTC sites of EPZ (negative) during pre-construction:

In DEPZ, Utility move (Electricity line crosses over the site area)

In IEPZ, no entry gate exists

In KEPZ, loss of trees (119 of which 47 banana trees), source of water, blockage by brick wall across

the access road and construction of 150m new access road.

No land acquisition (LA) are required for all the 3 DTC sites, as the lands identified belongs to

BEPZA, as well as when improving access roads connecting the 3 DTC sites prior to starting

construction.



Implementation of appropriate mitigation measures during construction, and operation phases will minimize

the negative impacts of the Project to acceptable levels. To ensure that these mitigation measures are

implemented and negative impacts avoided, the measures will be included in the contract document of the

Project with adequate monitoring and supervision in place.



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The Philippines, 1988.

5. DOE, “EIA Guidelines for Industries”; June 1997.

6. ESCAP, "Environmental Impact Assessment -Guidelines for Planners and Decision-makers". Economic

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7. Environmental Assessment Sourcebook, Vol. III, World Bank Technical Paper Number 154, 1991.

8. MOEF (1995), Bangladesh Environment Conservation Act, Ministry of Environment and Forest, Dhaka,

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Documents

Public Disclosure Authorized · 2016-07-11 · BEPZA - Bangladesh Export Processing Zone Authority BMD - Bangladesh Meteorology Department BNBC - Bangladesh National Building Code