Public Disclosure Authorized El 503 - World Bankdocuments.worldbank.org/curated/en/... · The ELR works for the Year 2006-07 include works on thirty 11- ... its existing procedures

El 503VOL. 1

IESCO 6t STG and ELR Project (2006-07)

Environmentaland Social Assessment

Volume 1 of 2 - Main Report

Ref.: DRT06VO21ES

August 2006

Prepared forIslamabad Electric Supply Company Limited (IESCO)

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Elan Partners (Pvt.) Ltd.Suite 4, 1 st Floor, 20-B Blair Center, G-8 Markaz, IslamabadTel.: +92 (51) 225 3696-97 * Fax: +92 (51) 225 3698 * Email: [email protected]

Report disclaimer:Elan Partners has prepared this document in accordance with the instructions ofIslamabad Electric Supply Company (IESCO) for its sole and specific use. Any other persons,companies, or institutions who use any information contained herein do so at their own risk.

IESCO 6th STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Executive Summary

The Islamabad Electric Supply Company (IESCO) is planning to undertake the

6th Secondary Transmission and Grid (STG) and Energy Loss Reduction (ELR) project invarious parts of its territory. IESCO is seeking financing from the World Bank (WB) for a

portion of this 5-year project. In line with the prevailing legislation in the country, and WBsafeguard policies, an environmental and social assessment (ESA) of the project hasbeen carried out. This document presents the report of this assessment.

Suiv MethodologyThe present study was conducted using a standard methodology prescribed by nationaland international agencies. Various phases of the study included screening, scoping,data collection and compilation, stakeholder consultation, impact assessment, and report

compilation.

Leval and Policy Framework

The Pakistan Environmental Protection Act, 1997 (PEPA 1997) requires the proponentsof every development project in the country to conduct an environmental assessment and

submit its report to the relevant environmental protection agency.

In addition, the World Bank Operational Policy 4.01 (OP 4.01) requires thatenvironmental and social assessment be carried out before commencing projects suchas the 6'h STG and ELR. The OP 4.12 specifies the procedure that needs to be followed

to address the involuntary resettlement the project would cause. The WB's other relevantsafeguard policies include OP 4.36 (Forestry), OP 4.04 (Natural Habitat), OP 4.10(Indigenous People), OP4.11 (Cultural Property) and OP 7.60 (Projects in DisputedAreas). However, the ESA concludes that none of these OPs are triggered, except theOP 7.60, since project area includes parts of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, which is a

disputed area.

Project Overview

The overall objective of the 6'h STG and ELR project is to help increase the efficiency,reliability, and quality of its electricity supply. The project seeks to decrease technical aswell as commercial losses, increase electricity availability, and improve the voltage profilewithin IESCO's electricity network.

The 3-year slice of the 6th STG project - for which IESCO is seeking the WB financing -

consists of establishing 6 new grid stations, converting 11, augmenting 3, extending 17existing grid stations, and laying of 509 km transmission lines. The ELR activities duringthe proposed project include works on 30 HT feeders and 575 LT lines.

The present ESA addresses the project components that will be undertaken during theYear 2006-07. The STG works for this year include the establishment of 4 new gridstations, in addition to the conversion of 7, extension of 6, and augmentation of 2 existinggrid stations. A total of about 287 km of new transmission line will also be added to the

e6 iii August 2006

DRT06VO21ES-S00

Executive Summary IESCO 6th STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

existing IESCO system. The ELR works for the Year 2006-07 include works on thirty 11-kV HT feeders and 575 LT lines.

Dbscrplion of the EnvironmentMost of the project area falls in the Potohar Plateau-which spreads over 2.2 millionhectares in the Province of Punjab-lies to the south of the northem mountains, and isflanked in the west by the River Indus and in the east by the River Jhelum. This 1,000-2,000 feet (305-610 m) of upland is a typical arid landscape with denuded and brokenterrain characterized by undulations and irregularities. There are a few outlying spurs ofthe Salt Range in the south and of the Kheri Murat and Kala Chitta Ranges in the north.Two seasonal streams, the Haro and Soan Rivers, flow from east to west and, aftercrossing the region in the north and in the middle, respectively, fall into the Indus. TheRiver Kanshi traverses the eastern part of the plateau from north to south and drains intothe River Jhelum. These rivers and other hill torrents have cut deep valleys and are oflittle use for irrigation. Cultivation is thus almost entirely dependent on the 15-20 inches(380-500 mm) of rainfall the area receives, and on the small dams built in the catchmentareas of the streams.

Ecologically, the project area can be divided in four ecozones: moist temperateconiferous forest ecozone; cheer pine forest ecozone; tropical deciduous forest ecozone;and arid sub-tropical forest ecozone. However, settlements and agriculture activitieshave greatly modified these ecozones in parts of the project area.

Administratively, the project area falls under four districts of the Punjab Province-Rawalpindi, Chakwal, Jhelum, and Attock; the Islamabad Capital Territory; and Punch,Bagh, Sudhnoti, Kotli and Mirpur - the districts of Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJK).

Stakeholder ConsultationStakeholder consultations were carried out as part of the ESA study. Theseconsultations were conducted with the institutional as well as the grassrootsstakeholders. The main objectives of the consultations were to apprise the stakeholdersof the proposed project activities and to obtain their views, concerns, andrecommendations so that these could be incorporated into the project design in order toenhance the environmental and social performance of the project.

Impact Assessment and MitigationDuring the present ESA, the project's potential social and environmental impacts wereidentified. Each identified impact was then characterized with respect to its nature,reversibility, geo-extent, consequence-severity and likelihood. Based upon thischaracterization, the impacts were then assessed to be of high, medium or lowsignificance.

The ESA revealed that most of the impacts of the proposed project were confined to theconstruction phase and temporary in nature. Appropriate control and housekeepingmeasures - recommended in the ESA - would address these issues adequately. Theenvironmental and social monitoring would ensure compliance to and effectiveness ofthese control measures.

iv August 2006DRT06VO21ES-S00


The key social issues identified and assessed as described above included landprocurement, damaged crops and safety hazards. The ESA has recommended that theland for the grid stations should be purchased directly from the owners, on the basis ofwilling seller - willing buyer, at mutually acceptable market price. The project willpurchase a total of about 16 acres of land in this manner. To mitigate the damage crops- caused by the transmission line construction activities - compensation should be paidto the landowners/cultivators. The ESA has identified that the construction activitieswould damage crops over about 666 acres of land, belonging to 453landowners/cultivators. The associated compensation amount has been estimated to beabout Rs. 8.6 million. Finally, to address the safety concems associated with theconstruction activities, and the electrocution risk, precautionary measures have beenincluded in the ESA.

The key environmental impacts of the proposed project as identified in the ESA includedsoil erosion and degradation, water contamination and damage to natural vegetation.The soil erosion would be caused by the grid station and transmission line constructionactivities, particularly in the hilly terrain of the project area. These concerns will beaddressed through appropriate design and construction techniques employed during theproposed project. The soil and water contamination could be caused by theinappropriate waste disposal and leakage/spillage of oils and chemicals. These concernswill be forestalled through waste disposal system recommended in the ESA. Finally, theproject's impacts on the natural vegetation - primarily caused by the transmission lineconstruction through forested areas - would be addressed by planting trees along thetransmission line routes in specified areas as well as inside the grid stations.

The total cost of the environmental and social management of the project, includingimplementing the mitigation measures has been estimated to be Rs. 14.8 million. Thisincludes the crop compensation of Rs 8.6 million mentioned earlier.

Environmental Management Plan

In order to provide an implementation mechanism for the mitigation measures discussedabove, a comprehensive environmental management plan (EMP) has been developed.The EMP provides the organization structure for the environmental management systemduring the project, and defines the roles and responsibilities of various players. The EMPincludes a mitigation plan, a monitoring plan, the communication and documentationrequirements, and training needs, in the context of the environmental and socialmanagement of the project.

Resettlement Plan

The social assessment of the project has identified the project affectees to be more than200 in numbers. Therefore a Resettlement Plan (RP) has been developed, inaccordance with the OP 4.12. The RP addresses the involuntary resettlement issueslikely to arise during the project, and provides the entitlement framework, implementationprocedure, institutional arrangement, monitoring requirements and grievance redressalmechanism.

The RP is a stand-alone document, and has been provided under separate cover.

v August 2006DRTo6VO21ES-Soo


Environmental and Soeial Guidlelines

The present ESA covers the project components to be undertaken during the year 2006-07. The remaining project components - to be undertaken during the years 2007-08 and2008-09 - have not been finalized yet. Hence their ESA cannot be conducted at thisstage. For these project components, the Environmental and Social Guidelines (ESG)have been developed, which provide a framework to address the environmental as wellas social issues that may arise during the later phases of the project.

The ESG is also a stand-alone document and provided under separate cover.

Findings and Recommendalions

On the basis of the overall impact assessment and, more specifically, the nature andmagnitude of the residual environmental and socioeconomic impacts identified during thepresent ESA, it is concluded that the proposed project is unlikely to cause any significant,lasting impact on the social, physical and biological environment of the area, providedthat the proposed activities are carried out as mentioned in this report, and the mitigationmeasures included in this report are completely and effectively implemented.

The key recommendations pertaining to the environmental and social performance of theproposed project are as follows:

* The EMP should be made a part of the contracts awarded by IESCO for theproposed project.

* The Company should follow the RP in order to: address the involuntary resettlementissues (primarily pertaining to crops damaged as a result of construction activities);compensate the project affected persons (PAPs); and acquire/purchase land whererequired.

* IESCO will not purchase transformers having PCB-containing oil, in accordance withits existing procedures. However, old transformers in the IESCO system may stillhave PCB-containing oil. Therefore, a program should be developed to eliminate thePCB-containing transformer oil from its entire system. To start with, the grid stationsand workshops should be provided with the PCB testing kits.

* In-house environmental and social management capacity should be developed inIESCO. For this purpose, an Environmental and Social Cell should be establishedwithin the company.

* IESCO should develop its Environmental and Social Policy, which shoulddemonstrate the company's commitment towards sound environmental and socialmanagement practices throughout its operations. IESCO should adhere to theenvironmental legislation and regulations, particularly for conducting environmentaland social assessments for all its future projects.

vi August 2006DRT06VO21ES-SOO


fromnymsADB Asian Development Bank

AEB Area Electricity Board

AJK Azad Jammu and Kashmir

Amsl Above mean sea level

BOD Biological Oxygen Demand

CDA Capital Development Authority

CITES Convention on Intemational Trade in Endangered Species

COD Chemical Oxygen Demand

dB(A) Decibels ('A' scale)

DC Deputy Commissioner

DCO District Coordination Officer

DISCO Distribution Company

EA Environmental assessment

EDO Executive District Officer

EIA Environmental Impact Assessment

ELR Energy loss reduction

EMP Environmental Management Plan

EPA Environmental Protection Agency

ERP | Emergency response plan

ESA Environmental and Social Assessment

ESC Environmental and Social Cell

ESG Environmental and Social Guidelines

ESI i Environmental and Social Inspector

ESM Environmental and Social Monitor

FESCO Faisalabad Electric Supply Company

GoAJK ! Govemment of Azad Jammu and Kashmir

GDP Gross Domestic Product

GENCO Generating Company

GEPCO Gujranwala Electric Power Company

GIS Geographical information system

GoP Govemment of Pakistan

GRM Grievance Redressal Mechanism

vii August 2006DRT06VO21ES-SOO

Acronyms IESCO 6th STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

GSC Grid Station Construction (Department)

GSO Grid Station Operation (Department)

GS Grid Station

GT Road Grand Trunk Road (N5)

Ha Hectare

HESCO Hyderabad Electric Supply Company

HSE I Health safety and environment

HT | High tension

ICT { Islamabad Capital Territory

IEE Initial Environmental Examination

IESCO Islamabad Electric Supply Company

IR Involuntary resettlement

IUCN Intemational Union for Conservation of Nature

KESC Karachi Electric Supply Company

KM Kilometer

KTM Kohinoor Textile Mill

KV Kilo volts

KWh Kilo watt hour

LAA Land Acquisition Act (of 1894)

LESCO Lahore Electric Supply Company

LOS Laws of Seas

LPG Liquefied petroleum gas

LT i Low tension

MARPOL Marine Pollution (Convention for the Prevention of Pollutionfrom Ships)

MEA I Multilateral Environmental Agreements

MEPCO Multan Electric Power Company

MVA Mega volt amperes

MW ! Mega watts

M&E i Monitoring and Evaluation

NEQS National Environmental Quality Standards

NGO 1 Non Govemmental Organization

NOx Oxides of nitrogen

NTDC I National Transmission and Dispatch Company

NWFP North Westem Frontier Province

viii August 2006DRT06VO21ES-SOO

Acronyms IESCO 6th STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

OP Operational Policy

O&M i Operation and Maintenance

PAPs Project affected persons

PCB Poly Chlorinated Biphenyl

PCRWR I Pakistan Council for Research on Water Resources

POF !Pakistan Ordnance Factory

PEPC Pakistan Environmental Protection Council

PESCO Peshawar Electric Supply Company

PD Project Director

PEPA Pakistan Environmental Protection Act

PIDA I Punjab Irrigation Development Authority

PM Project Manager

PM Particulate matter

Ppb Parts per billion

Ppm Parts per million

POP Persistent Organic Pollutants

P&DD Planning and Development Department

QESCO Quetta Electric Supply Company

RoW [Right of Way

RP Resettlement Plan

RPF Resettlement Policy Framework

SCR Social Complaint Register

STG { Secondary transmission and grid

SUPARCO Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Corporation

TL Transmission line

ToR Terms of Reference

XEN [Executive Engineer

UNFCCC United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change

USEPA United States Environmental Protection Agency

WAPDA Water and Power Development Authority

WB j World Bank

WBG World Bank Group

WHO I World Health Organization

WWF j World Wide Fund for Nature

egA N ix August2006

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iESCO 6th STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Contents

UINME 1: MNI BENT

Executive Summary .................................... iii

Acronyms .......................................... vii

1 Introduction ...................................... 1-1

1.1 Project Proponent ............................ 1-1

1.2 Project Background and Justification ............... 1-2

1.3 Project Overview ............................. 1-2

1.4 ESA Study ................................. 1-3

1.5 Document Structure .......................... 1-6

2 Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework .............................. 2-1

2.1 The World Bank Operational Policies .............. 2-1

2.2 Laws and Regulations ......................... 2-6

2.3 Obligations under International Tre aties ............ 2-10

2.4 Institutional Setup for Environmental Management . 2-11

2.5 Environmental and Social Guidelines ............. 2-12

3 Description of the Project ............................ 3-1

3.1 IESCO's Existing System ....................... 3-1

3.2 Project Objectives ............................ 3-1

3.3 Project Components .......................... 3-2

3.4 Project Implementation ....................... 3-13

3.5 Operation and Maintenance Activities ............. 3-16

4 Description of the Environment ....................... 4-1

4.1 Physical Environment - Overview ................. 4-1

4.2 Biological Resources ......................... 4-6

4.3 Environmental Hot Spots ....................... 4-8

4.4 Description of Grid Station Sites and TransmissionLine Routes ........................................ 4-8

5 Description of the Socioeconomic Conditions ................. 5-1

5.1 Socioeconomic Description ........................................ 5-1

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Contents IESCO 6th STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

5.2 Administrative Setup ................ ....... 5-3

5.3 Demographic Data ................ ....... 5-4

5.4 Agriculture ................................. 5-5

5.5 Industry ...................... .......... 5-6

5.6 Sites of Archeological, Cultural, Historical orReligious Significance . ......................... 5-6

6 Analysis of Project Alternatives . ....................... 6-1

6.1 Management Altematives . ...................... 6-1

6.2 Siting Altematives ............................ 6-1

6.3 Technical Alternatives . ......................... 6-2

7 Stakeholder Consultations ........................... 7-1

7.1 Objectives ................................. 7-1

7.2 Participation Framework ....................... 7-1

7.3 Stakeholder Identification ........................................ 7-1

7.4 Consultation Process ......................... 7-2

7.5 Consultations with Institutional Stakeholders .................... 7-2

7.6 Grass Root Stakeholders Consultations ............. 7-3

7.7 Summary of Concerns and Recommendations ........ 7-5

8 Environmental Impacts and Mitigation . .................. 8-1

8.1 Environmental Assessment Process ............... 8-1

8.2 Design Phase Considerations . ................... 8-2

8.3 Construction Phase Impacts .................... 8-3

8.4 Operation Phase Impacts ...................... 8-13

9 Socioeconomic Impacts and Mitigation ................. 9-1

9.1 Socioeconomic Impact Assessment Process ......... 9-1

9.2 Design Phase Considerations . ................... 9-1

9.3 Construction Phase Impacts .................... 9-3

9.4 Operation Phase ............................ 9-10

10 Environmental Management Plan . ..................... 10-1

10.1 Purpose and Objectives of EMP ................. 10-1

10.2 Components of the EMP ...................... 10-1

10.3 Organizational Structure, Roles and Responsibilities ...... 10-2

10.4 Mitigation Plan ............................. 10-4

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10.5 Monitoring Plan ............................. 10-4

10.6 Communication and Documentation .............. 10-7

10.7 Environmental and Social Trainings ................................ 10-9

10.8 Change Management ................................... 10-10

10.9 Public Disclosure .................................... 10-11

10.10 Cost of Environmental and Social Management ........... 10-11

11 Conclusions and Recommendations ................... 11-1

11.1 Conclusions ............................... 11-1

11.2 Recommendations .......................... 11-2

12 References and Document Support ................... 12-1

xii August 2006DRT06VO21ES-SOO


VIIE 2: APMEIISES

Appendix A: ToR for the ESA

Appendix B: Study Team

Appendix C: Photographs of the Project Sites

Appendix D: Field Data (stakeholder consultation details;site-specific information; environmental andsocioeconomic features of transmission lineroutes; cultivated land under the transmissionlines; names of the landowners; and estimatesof crop compensation)

Appendix E: Health Effects of PCBs

Appendix F Health Effects of Electromagnetic Radiation

xiii August 2006DRT06VO21ES-SOO

iESCO 6th STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

List of ulbhs

Exhibit 1.1: IESCO Area .............................. 1-7

Exhibit 1.2: Number of IESCO Customers and Energy Sold ........ 1-9

Exhibit 1.3: Population, Income and ElectricityConsumption (IESCO Area) .................. 1-10

Exhibit 2.1: Selected NEQS for Waste Effluents ............ 2-13

Exhibit 2.2: NEQS for Industrial Gaseous Emissions ........ 2-14

Exhibit 2.3: NEQS for Motor Vehicles Exhaust and Noise .......... 2-15

Exhibit 2.4: WHO Ambient Air Quality Standards ........... 2-15

Exhibit 2.5: WHO Drinking Water Quality Standards ......... 2-16

Exhibit 3.1: IESCO's Technical Profile ................... 3-18

Exhibit 3.2: IESCO System ........................... 3-19

Exhibit 3.3: Transmission Lines in IESCO's Area ........... 3-21

Exhibit 3.4: Grid Stations in IESCO's Area ................ 3-22

Exhibit 3.5: Project Components ....................... 3-23

Exhibit 3.6: Summary of ELR Works .................... 3-25

Exhibit 3.7: Summary of Land to be Acquired for the Project .... 3-25

Exhibit 4.1: Meteorological Data - Islamabad .............. 4-13

Exhibit 4.2: Meteorological Data - Chakwal ............... 4-13

Exhibit 4.3: Meteorological Data - Jhelum ................ 4-14

Exhibit 4.4: Meteorological Data - Mangla ................ 4-14

Exhibit 4.5: Meteorological Data - Murree ................ 4-15

Exhibit 4.6: Meteorological Data - Muzaffarabad ........... 4-15

Exhibit 4.7: Wind Speed and Direction - Islamabad ......... 4-16

Exhibit 4.8: Wind Speed and Direction - Jhelumand Mangla .............................. 4-16

Exhibit 4.9: Ambient Air Quality - Rawalpindi .............. 4-17

Exhibit 4.10: Water Resources of the Area ................ 4-18

Exhibit 4.11: Water Quality in Project Area ................ 4-20

Exhibit 4.12: Fauna of Moist Temperate Forest Ecozone ...... 4-21

Exhibit 4.13: Fauna of Cheer Pine Forest Ecozone .......... 4-23

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List of Exhibits IESCO 6th STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Exhibit 4.14: Fauna of Sub-tropical Forest Ecozone .......... 4-25

Exhibit 4.15: Wildlife Protected Areas in IESCO Area ................... 4-27

Exhibit 4.16: Project Components and Ecozones ......................... 4-28

Exhibit 4.17: Murree to Mihasa Transmission LineRoute - Schematic Diagram ...................................... 4-29

Exhibit 4.18: Azad Pattan to Plandri Transmission LineRoute - Schematic Diagram ................. 4-32

Exhibit 4.19: Plandri to Trar Khal Transmission LineRoute - Schematic Diagram ................. 4-34

Exhibit 4.20: Trar Khal to Hajira Transmission LineRoute - Schematic Diagram ...................................... 4-37

Exhibit 4.21: Kotli to Chak Swari Transmission LineRoute - Schematic Diagram ................. 4-40

Exhibit 4.22: Fateh Jang to Ahmadal Transmission LineRoute - Schematic Diagram ...................................... 4-44

Exhibit 4.23: Ahmadal to Pindi Gheb Transmission LineRoute - Schematic Diagram ................. 4-47

Exhibit 4.24: Choa Saidan Shah to Dandot TransmissionLine Route - Schematic Diagram .............. 4-50

Exhibit 4.25: Dandot to Pinanwal Transmission LineRoute - Schematic Diagram ................. 4-52

Exhibit 4.26: Sohawa Grid Station and its Feed -Schematic Diagram .................................................. 4-55

Exhibit 4.27: Bahter More Grid Station and its Feed -Schematic Diagram ................................................. 4-57

Exhibit 4.28: Adyala Road Grid Station and its Feed -Schematic Diagram ................................................. 4-59

Exhibit 4.29: Gangal Grid Station and its Feed - SchematicDiagram ................................................. 4-62

Exhibit 4.30: MES Grid Station and its Feed - SchematicDiagram .................................................. 4-64

Exhibit 4.31: University to Nilore Transmission LineRoute - Schematic Diagram ................. 4-66

Exhibit 5.1: Population (1998 Census Data) ................ 5-7

Exhibit 5.2: Indices of Congestion (1998 Census Data) ...... 5-7

Exhibit 5.3: Source of Drinking Water (1998 Census Data) .. 5-8

Exhibit 5.4: Source of Lighting (1998 Census Data) ........ 5-8

Exhibit 5.5: Source of Cooking Fuel (1998 Census Data) ...... 5-9

Exhibit 5.6: Education (1998 Census Data) ................ 5-9

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Exhibit 5.7: Enrollment Ratio (1998 Census Data) ........... 5-9

Exhibit 5.8: Literacy Ratio (1998 Census Data) ............. 5-10

Exhibit 5.9: Healthcare Facilities (1998 Census Data) ........ 5-11

Exhibit 5.10: Agro-ecological Zones of Pakistan ............ 5-12

Exhibit 5.11: Characteristics of Agro-ecological Zones ofPakistan ................................ 5-13

Exhibit 5.12: Major Crops of Northern Punjab .............. 5-15

Exhibit 5.13: Major Fruits of Northern Punjab .............. 5-15

Exhibit 5.14: Cropping Pattern ......................... 5-16

Exhibit 5.15: Horticulture Pattern ....................... 5-19

Exhibit 5.16: Major Industries of Northern Punjab ........... 5-20

Exhibit 5.17: Places of Archeological, Historical or ReligiousSignificance ............................. 5-21

Exhibit 7.1: Participation Framework ..................... 7-6

Exhibit 7.2: Conceptual Framework ...................... 7-8

Exhibit 7.3: List of Participants during Grass RootConsultations ............................. 7-9

Exhibit 7.4: Checklist used for Stakeholder Consultations ........ 7-13

Exhibit 7.5: Summary of Communities' Concerns andExpectations ............................ 7-14

Exhibit 8.1: Environmental and Social Screening Matrix(Unmitigated) ............................ 8-17

Exhibit 8.2: Impact Characterization .................... 8-19

Exhibit 8.3: Impact Characterization for Project DesignPhase (Unmitigated) ....................... 8-20

Exhibit 8.4: Impact Characterization for ProjectConstruction Phase (Unmitigated) ............. 8-21

Exhibit 8.5: Impact Characterization for Project OperationPhase (Unmitigated) ....................... 8-22

Exhibit 8.6: Outline ToR for Developing PCB EliminationPlan ................................... 8-23

Exhibit 8.7: Outline ToR for Developing Guidelines forWorks in Biologically Sensitive Areas .......... 8-23

Exhibit 9.1: Social Screening Checklist .................. 9-14

Exhibit 9.2: Impact Characterization for Project DesignPhase (Unmitigated) ....................... 9-15

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Exhibit 9.3: Characterization of Construction PhaseSocioeconomic Impacts (Unmitigated) ......... 9-16

Exhibit 9.4: Entitlement Framework ..................... 9-17

Exhibit 9.5: Cultivated Land Affected by the Project .................. 9-19

Exhibit 9.6: Typical Tower Design Allowing CultivationUnderneath .............................. 9-20

Exhibit 9.7: Characterization of Operation PhaseSocioeconomic Impacts (Unmitigated) ......... 9-21

Exhibit 10.1: Organizational Structure for Environmental andSocial Management ....................... 10-12

Exhibit 10.2: Roles and Responsibilities ................. 10-14

Exhibit 10.3: Mitigation Plan ....................................... 10-15

Exhibit 10.4: Effects Monitoring Plan for Construction Period.. 10-43

Exhibit 10.5: Grievance Redressal Mechanism ............. 10-45

Exhibit 10.6: Environmental and Social Trainings .......... 10-47

Exhibit 10.7: Cost of Environmental and Social Management ... 10-48

Exhibit 11.1: Summary of Concern Raised by Stakeholdersand their Mitigation ........................................ 11-3

Exhibit 11.2: Environmental Screening Matrix (Mitigated) ..... 11-4

xvii August 2006DRT06VO21ES-S00

IESCO 6 h STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

1 Introduction

The Islamabad Electric Supply Company (IESCO) is planning to undertake the

6th Secondary Transmission and Grid (STG) and Energy Loss Reduction (ELR) project invarious parts of its territory (see Exhibit 1.1 for areas being served by IESCO). IESCO isseeking finances from the World Bank (WB) for a portion of this 5-year project. In linewith the prevailing legislation in the country, and WB safeguard policies, anenvironmental and social assessment (ESA) of the project has been carried out. Thisdocument presents the report of this assessment.

1.1 Project Praponeni

IESCO is a public utility company, providing electricity to the Islamabad Capital Territory(ICT), northern districts of the Punjab Province (Rawalpindi, Attock, Jhelum and Chakwal)and southern parts of Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJK). IESCO was incorporated in April1998 under the Companies Ordinance 1984. Before this, it was one of the eight AreaElectricity Boards (AEBs) of the Water and Power Development Authority (WAPDA).

Established in 1958, WAPDA had two wings: Water and Power. The Water Wing was(and still is) responsible for developing and managing large water reservoirs andbarrages, while its Power Wing was a vertically integrated utility, responsible forgeneration, transmission and distribution of electricity throughout Pakistan (except for theCity of Karachi, where the Karachi Electric Supply Company - KESC - performed asimilar function).

Under its un-bundling and restructuring program, WAPDA's Power Wing has beenbroken down into eight distribution companies collectively called DISCOs, threegenerating companies collectively called GENCOs and a transmission company calledNational Transmission and Dispatch Company (NTDC). IESCO is one of the eightDISCOs; the other seven DISCOs are:

* Peshawar Electric Supply Company (PESCO), for the entire North Western FrontierProvince (NWFP), northem parts of AJK and the Northern Areas.

* Multan Electric Power Company (MEPCO), for Multan, Sahiwal, Khanewal,Pakpattan, Vehari, Rahim Yar Khan, Muzaffargarh, Dera Ghazi Khan, Layyah, RajanPur, Bahawalpur, Bahawalnagar and Lodhran districts.

* Gujranwala Electric Power Company (GEPCO), for Gujranwala, Sialkot, MandiBahauddin, Hafizabad, Narowal and Gujrat districts.

* Lahore Electric Supply Company (LESCO), for Lahore, Kasur, Sheikhupura andOkara districts.

* Faisalabad Electric Supply Company (FESCO), for Faisalabad, Sargodha, Khushab,Jhang, Toba Tek Singh, Bhalwal, Mianwali and Bhakkar districts.

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DRT06vO21ES-S01

Introduction IESCO 6t" STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

* Hyderabad Electric Supply Company (HESCO), for the entire Sindh Province exceptKarachi and parts of Thatta district where KESC is responsible for electricitydistribution.

* Quetta Electric Supply Company (QESCO), for the entire Balochistan Province,except Lasbela, which is covered under the KESC network.

12 Prulect Bmckgrsid andU Jstiflcatluu

Pakistan as a whole is an energy-deficient country and per capita electricity generationhas traditionally been low (581 KWh as against the World average of 2,657 KWhl). Muchlike the rest of the country, the areas where IESCO supplies the electricity areexperiencing rapid increase in electricity consumption, owing to increasing population,urbanization, industrialization and per capita income. The data provided in Exhibit 1.2shows increasing trends both in the number of consumers as well as the total electricityconsumption for the IESCO system. Exhibit 1.3 presents the linkage between theincreasing population, per capita income and electricity consumption.

In order to meet the increasing electricity demand, the existing secondary transmissionand grid system (132 and 66 kV) has to be expanded, in addition to the increasedgeneration and primary transmission (500 kV and 220 kV) capacity. Towards this end,IESCO, being responsible for the expansion, operation and maintenance of thesecondary transmission and grid (STG) system within its territory, has developed the 6'hSTG project. The ELR project on the other hand ensures increased system reliability andreduced losses at the HT and LT levels (11 kV and 0.4 kV, respectively).

The project includes establishment of new grid stations, extension / conversion Iaugmentation of existing grid stations, laying of new transmission line and replacingweaker/undersized transmission lines. The project will ensure supply of electricity in newareas, load reduction on presently overloaded grid stations and transmission lines, andimprovement in the voltage profile as well as the system reliability.

1.3 PruJect Ovelnsiw

The overall objective of the 6h STG and ELR project is to help increase the efficiency,reliability and quality of the electricity supply. The project seeks to decrease the technicalas well as commercial losses, increase the electricity availability, and improve the voltageprofile, within the IESCO's electricity network.

1.3.1 STG Project

The 6'h STG is a 5-year project, from 2005-6 to 2009-102 , and has been broken down infive distinct year-wise phases. Each phase of the project consists of establishing newgrid stations, extending/upgrading/augmenting existing grid stations, and layingtransmission lines. IESCO is seeking the WB loan for a three-year slice of the project.The key components of this three-year slice are tabulated below.

1 Source: World Bank, Medium Term Development Framework 2005-10.2 The original PC1 was prepared for the project duration from 2003-04 to 2007-08.

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Introduction IESCO 6"h STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Year I Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5j(2005-06) (2006-07) (2007-08) (2008-09) (2009-10)

New Grid 4 2 lStations (GS) ! I _ 4 2 O

GS Conversion 7 j 3 1 m

GS 2 1 I -=

Augmentation C D_ _ _ - -r !I

GS Extension 6 9 2

Transmission . OLns(i)z 287 82 140

1.3.2 ELR Project

The ELR is also a 5-year project, from 2002-03 to 2006-07. The project consists ofrehabilitation of high tension (HT) feeders and low tension (LT) lines, replacement ofundersized and/or old transformers, replacement of sluggish energy meters, andassociated activities. The key components of the project which would be covered underthe WB loan are summarized below.

! Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5(2002-03) (2003-04) (2004-05) (2005-06) (2006-07)

Rehabilitaton of Not included in WB Loan 30HT Feeders

Rehabilitabon of Not induded in WB Loan 575

IESCO is seeking finances from the WB for the 5th year of the ELR project, ie, 2006-07.

IA ESA Study

1.4.1 Need of the Study

The World Bank Operational Policy 4.01 (OP 4.01) states that 'The Bank requiresenvironmental assessment (EA) of projects proposed for Bank financing to help ensurethat they are environmentally sound and sustainable, and thus to improve decisionmaking"3.

In addition, the Pakistan Environmental Protection Act, 1997 (PEPA 1997) requires theproponents of every development project in the country to submit either an InitialEnvironmental Examination (IEE) or "where the project is likely to cause an adverseenvironmental effect," an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) to the concemedenvironmental protection agency (EPA). The IEE/EIA Regulations 2000 issued under thePEPA 1997 provide separate lists for the projects requiring lEE and EIA.

3 Excerpts from OP4.01 - Environmental Assessment. January, 1999.

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Introduction IESCO 68" STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

1.4.2 Study Objectives

The objectives of the present ESA are:

* To assess the existing environmental and socioeconomic conditions of the projectarea,

* To identify likely impacts of the proposed project on the natural, human and socialenvironment of the area, to predict and evaluate these impacts, and determinesignificance of these impacts, in light of the technical and regulatory concems,

* To propose appropriate mitigation measures that should be incorporated in thedesign of the project to minimize if not eliminate the adverse impacts,

* To assess the compliance status of the proposed activities with respect to theenvironmental legislation and WB's Operational Policies,

* To develop an environmental management plan (EMP) to provide an implementationmechanism for the environmental as well as social mitigation measures identifiedduring the study.

1.4.3 Study Scope

The present ESA study covers the components of the proposed 6'h STG and ELR projectwhich will be carried out during the year 2006-07. These components of the 6'h STG andELR project will be referred to as the proposed project in this report. The studyaddresses the potential environmental and social impacts that may be encounteredduring the design, construction and operation phases of the proposed project, inaccordance with the terms of reference (ToR) provided by IESCO for this purpose. (SeeAppendix A for the ToR of the ESA.)

1.4.4 Study Methodology

The key steps that were followed while conducting the ESA are briefly described below.

Scoping

During this phase, key information on the project was collected and reviewed. A 'long list'of the potential environmental as well as social issues likely to arise as a result of theproject was developed. The stakeholder analysis was also carried out for theconsultation to be carried out subsequently.

Stakeholder Consultation

Stakeholder consultations were carried out during the ESA study. Meetings were held inIslamabad with the institutional stakeholders and key environmental and social issuesdiscussed. Consultations with the grass root stakeholders were carried out at the projectsites (grid station locations and transmission line routes).

Data CollectionlCompilation

During this phase, data was collected and compiled, in order to develop a baseline of theproject area's physical, biological and human environment. For this purpose, both reviewof secondary sources and field data collection were carried out. Field visits to each of the


Introduction IESCO 6th STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

new grid station site, existing grid stations (which are to be extended/augmented/upgraded) and transmission line routes, were carried out.

The secondary resources that were consulted included reports of the studies carried outearlier, published books and data, and relevant websites. With the help of theseresources a generic profile of the entire project area was developed.

In addition to the above, extensive field visits were carried out in order to collect theprimary data specific to the project sites (grid station locations and transmission lineroutes). During these field visits, key information on environmental and socialparameters was collected. During the primary data collection, environmental as well associal hot spots falling at or near the project sites were identified, and most importantly,the project affectees were determined.

During the field investigations, detailed information was collected on the cultivated areafalling under the transmission line routes, since damage to the crops would be theprimary asset loss during the proposed project. Information was also collected on theowners/tenants of the cultivated land under the transmission line.

Impact Assessment

During the impact assessment, the environmental, socioeconomic, and projectinformation collected in previous steps was used to determine the potential impacts of theproposed project. Subsequent to this, the potential impacts were characterized in orderto determine their significance. Mitigation measures were identified where required tominimize the significant environmental impacts. A management framework was alsodeveloped in the form of an EMP for the implementation of the mitigation measuresidentified during the study. The social screening checklist, provided in the terms ofreference (ToR), was also used as one of the tools to perform the social impactassessment.

The impact assessment has been carried out and the associated mitigation measuresrecommended on the basis of the surveyed transmission line routes and other projectlocations. Variations in the impacts and associated mitigation measures are expected ifthe project components are moved outside the surveyed corridor.

Report Compilation

Report compilation was the last step of the study. The report includes a brief descriptionof the proposed project, a review of environmental legislation and policy frameworkrelevant to the project, a description of baseline environmental and socioeconomicconditions in the project area, and potential project impacts and mitigation measures.(Complete structure of the report is provided in Section 1.5 below.)

1.4.5 ESA Documents

Three separate documents have been developed as outcomes of the ESA study,collectively described as 'ESA Documents' in this report. These include the ESA report(the present document), the Environmental and Social Guidelines (ESG), and the

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Resettlement Plan (RP). The ESG and RP, provided under separate covers, are brieflyintroduced below.

Environmental and Social Guidelines

As described in Section 1.4.3 above, the present ESA study covers the projectcomponents to be carried out during the year 2006-07, which is the first year of the 3-year project slice for which the WB financing is being sought. For the projectcomponents to be carried out during the remainder of the 3-year slice (ie, 2007-08 and2008-09), details such as grid station locations and transmission lines routes are notknown, and hence a detailed ESA cannot be conducted for this portion of the project atthis stage.

In order to provide a broad framework to address the environmental as well as socialaspects during this phase of the project (ie, 2007-08 and 2008-09), a set ofenvironmental and social guidelines (ESG) has been prepared.

The ESG is a stand-alone document and has been provided under separate cover.

Resettlement Plan

Since the total number of the project affectees is expected to be more than 200, aResettlement Plan (RP) has been developed, in accordance with the WB OP 4.12. TheRP provides entitlement framework, compensation assessment and disbursementprocedure, grievance redressal mechanism, monitoring requirements and theresettlement budget for the proposed project.

The RP is a stand alone document and has been provided under separate cover.

1.4.6 Study Team

The ESA team consisted of environmental and socioeconomic experts havingconsiderable experience in their respective field of expertise. The list of the experts isprovided in Appendix B.

1.5 DecumentStructure

Chapter 2 discusses the World Bank's safeguard policies, as well as the regulatory,legislative and institutional setup in the country, relevant to the environmental and socialassessment. The Chapter also outlines the intemational environmental agreements towhich the country is a party. Chapter 3 provides a simplified description of the projectand its components. The environmental baseline conditions are presented in Chapter 4,whereas the existing socioeconomic conditions of the project area are described inChapter 5. Project altematives are evaluated in Chapter 6. The stakeholderconsultation has been covered in Chapter 7. The environmental as well as thesocioeconomic impacts are assessed and their respective mitigations recommended inChapters 8 and 9, respectively. Chapter 10 outlines the implementation mechanism forthe mitigation measures, in the form of an environmental management plan. Finally,Chapter 11 presents the findings and conclusion of the study.

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Introduction IESCO 6'h STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Exhibit 1.1: Project Location

(Please see the following page)

eiA 1-7 August 29O6L _- DRT06V021ES-S01

62° 64 66° 68° 70 72 74° 76° 7f,

LegendC International Boundary

CHINA ~~Provinciaf Boundary ____-

36 - - hen - N he Areas 360 Distnct Boundary

ii9 't IESCO Area lj |

I 1a9j -, Ja 1. Naushahro Firoz Ii Swab!2. Jaffarabad 1.Mardaro3. Pakpafttn 13. Malakooed

3 4 Lahore 14 Mohmad5. Bannsu 15. Haripur

(Dispat Temiery) 6. H:ngu 16. lal abadO0 . Orjkzai 17. MansehI3

&\ - Peshawarr h1w. Shn

9. Nowshera 19. Lowe, Drt1 - 15. Charsadda

na ajrh ~ I320

3280

26° - , , ^ +,.1 &- > t - -- -| 2° .igaaoo. ESA

28ro AKian 2of8akisan=

240 v i240 Project Location

R640 66° 60 700 7: 740 76'I Ret IESCO.MP-OOI | 3000 Eebnolo) 21111


Exhibit 1.2: Number of IESCO Customers and Energy Sold

Year Domestic Commercial Industrial Agriculture Others Total

Customers Unit Customers Unit Customers Unit Customers Unit Customers Unit Customers UnitSold Sold Sold Sold Sold Sold

______(GWh) ______ (GWh) (GWh) (GWh) (GWh) (GWh)

1992-93 1,042,685 1,364 172.286 245 14,593 1,028 10,103 131 988 863 1,240,655 3,631

1993-94 1,099,109 1,421 179.498 248 14,698 1,009 10,519 103 1,039 871 1,304,863 3,652

1994-95 1,167,052 1,623 186,736 267 14,848 1,019 10,865 107 1,025 935 1,380,526F3,951:

1995-96 1,228,032 1.747 191,968 277 15,229 846 10,934 132 1,073 11,090 1,447,236 4,092

1996-97 1,209,929 1,871 195,369 394 15,558 1,042 11,182 142 1,055 1,036 1,433,093 4,485

1997-98 972,376 1,512 163,068 289 8,771 949 4,521 8 5 1,525 1,047 1,150,261 3,882

1998-99 975,795 1,621 163,769 342 8,759 902 4,720 85 1,352 992 1,154,395 3,942

1999-00 1,069,124 1,807 188,521 342 8,988 983 3,897 62 1,607 113 1,272,137 3,307

2000-01 1,104,566 1,878 198,586 357 9,112 1,042 4,886 38 1,640 1,149 1,318,790 I 4,464

2001-02 1,133,954 1,940 207,799 432 9,203 1,023 5,013 57 1,861 1,136 1,357,830 j4,588Source: Table-1i Proforma PCi (61h STG), IESCO 2004

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Introduction IESCO 6" STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Exhibit 1.3: Population, Income and Electricity Consumption (IESCO Area)

Year Population Per Capita Energy Sale Per Capita Energy(Million) Income (MKWh) Consumption

! i (Rs) (kWh)

1995 6.98 | 14,812 ] 3,952 566

1996 7.17 16,441 4,092 570

1997 7.37 | 18,320 1 4,484 608

1998 7.57 20,810 3,883 512

1999 7.78 23,186 l 4,271 548

2000 8.00 26,084 4,698 ! 587

2001 T 8.22 1 27,345 ! 5,168 628

2002 8.45 33,013 5,685 672

2003 8.68 37,140 6,254 720

2004 8.93 41,722 6,879 770

2005 9.17 47,005 7,567 824

2006 9.43 I 52,880 8,324 882

2007 9.69 58,360 9,035 937

2008 I 9.96 1 63,939 9,797 993

2009 10.24 69,518 10,480 1,049

2010 10.52 i 75,097 11,202 1,105

Source: Table-4. Proforma PC1 (6" STG), IESCO 2004.

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IESCO 6"h STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

2 Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework

This Chapter discusses the policy, legal and administrative framework and institutional

set-up relevant to the environmental as well as social assessment of the proposed

project. Also included in the Chapter are the environmental and social guidelines from

the national agencies as well as international donors and other organizations.

2.1 The World Bank Operational Policies

Applicability of the WB Operational Policies (OPs) with respect to the environmental and

social issues associated with the proposed project is tabulated below.

Operational Policy Triggered

Environmental Assessment (OP 4.01) Yes

Involuntary Resettlement (OP 4.12) Yes

Forestry (OP 4.36) No

Natural Habitat (OP 4.04) No

Pest Management (OP 4.09) No

Safety of Dams (OP 4.37) No

Projects in Intemational Waters (OP 7.50) No

Cultural Property (OP 4.11) No

Indigenous People (OP 4.10) No

Projects in Disputed Area (7.60) Yes

These policies are discussed in the following sections.

2.1.1 Environmental Assessment (OP 4.01)

The World Bank requires environmental assessment (EA) of projects proposed for Bank

financing to help ensure that they are environmentally sound and sustainable, and thus toimprove decision making.' The OP defines the EA process and various types of the EA

instruments.

The proposed project consists of activities which have environmental and social

consequences, including:

* Damage to assets (such as crops),

* Deterioration of air quality

Excerpts from WB OP 4.12. WB Operational Manual. January 1999.

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Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework IESCO 6" STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

* Water contamination and consumption

* Damage to top soil, land erosion

* Safety hazard.

To identify the extent and consequences of these impacts, and to develop an EMP fortheir mitigation, an ESA is being carried out, in accordance with this OP.

2.1.2 Involuntary Resettlement (OP 4.12)

The WB's experience indicates that involuntary resettlement under development projects,if unmitigated, often gives rise to severe economic, social, and environmental risks:production systems are dismantled; people face impoverishment when their productiveassets or income sources are lost; people are relocated to environments where theirproductive skills may be less applicable and the competition for resources greater;community institutions and social networks are weakened; kin groups are dispersed; andcultural identity, traditional authority, and the potential for mutual help are diminished orlost. This policy includes safeguards to address and mitigate these impoverishmentrisks.2

The overall objectives of the Policy are given below.

* Involuntary resettlement should be avoided where feasible, or minimized, exploringall viable alternative project designs.

* Where it is not feasible to avoid resettlement, resettlement activities should beconceived and executed as sustainable development programs, providing sufficientinvestment resources to enable the persons displaced by the project to share inproject benefits. Displaced persons should be meaningfully consulted and shouldhave opportunities to participate in planning and implementing resettlementprograms.

* Displaced persons should be assisted in their efforts to improve their livelihoods andstandards of living or at least to restore them, in real terms, to pre-displacementlevels or to levels prevailing prior to the beginning of project implementation,whichever is higher.

The Policy defines the requirement of preparing a resettlement plan or a resettlementpolicy framework, in order to address the involuntary resettlement.

For the proposed project, land will need to be acquired for the establishment of the newgrid stations. During the site/route selection, settlements are generally avoided, howeverat some places acquisition of cultivable land - though temporary - cannot be avoided.

Similarly, crops along the proposed transmission lines may be damaged during theconstruction and operation phases of the proposed project.

2 Excerpts from WB OP 4.12. WB Operational Manual. December 2001.

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Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework IESCO 6th STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

In view of the above, the OP 4.12 will be triggered, and since the number of affectees is

more than 200, a Resettlement Plan has been developed in accordance with this OP.

2.1.3 Forestry (OP 4.36)

The objective of this Policy is to assist the WB's borrowers to harness the potential of

forests to reduce poverty in a sustainable manner, integrate forests effectively into

sustainable economic development, and protect the vital local and global environmental

services and values of forests.

The only project component that can potentially affect the forest resources is the portion

of the proposed transmission line from Murree to Minhasa. About 5 km long section of

this transmission line would pass through chir pine forest just north-northeast of Murree

town. Trees would need to be removed from the transmission line tower locations (about

17 towers each having a 10 m x 10 m base), and tall trees (mostly chir pine) would need

to be trimmed all along the 5 km long section of the route.

However the above intervention is not likely to cause significant damage to the forest

resources of the area. The mitigation measures included in this ESA would further

reduce the extent of the damage to these resources. Hence the OP 4.36 is not triggered.

2.1.4 Natural Habitat (OP 4.04)

The conservation of natural habitats, like other measures that protect and enhance the

environment, is essential for long-term sustainable development. The Bank therefore

supports the protection, maintenance, and rehabilitation of natural habitats and their

functions ...

Most parts of the proposed project are located in areas where the natural habitat has

already been significantly modified, as a result of human habitation, cultivation and

associated activities.

The tree cutting/trimming along the 5 km section of the Murree - Minhasa route, as

discussed in Section 2.1.3 above, may have some impacts on the natural habitat of the

area as well. However, in view of the limited extent of this devegetation, this impact is

likely to be insignificant. Furthermore, appropriate mitigation measures included in this

ESA would further reduce the adverse impacts of the project interventions on the natural

habitat.

In view of the above, the OP 4.04 is not triggered for the proposed project.

2.1.5 Pest Management (OP 4.09)

Through this OP, the WB supports a strategy that promotes the use of biological or

environmental control methods and reduces reliance on synthetic chemical pesticides.

Excerpts from WB OP 4.04. WB Operational Manual. June 2001.



This OP is not triggered since the proposed project does not involve usage of pesticides.(Usage of the chemical herbicides to clear vegetation under the transmission lines will notbe allowed during the proposed project.)

2.1.6 Safety of Dams (OP 4.37)

The Policy seeks to ensure that appropriate measures are taken and sufficient resourcesprovided for the safety of dams the WB finances. However this OP is not relevant sincethe proposed project does not involve construction of dams.

2.1.7 Projects on International Waterways (OP 7.50)

This OP defines the procedure to be followed for projects the WB finances that arelocated on any water body that forms a boundary between, or flows through two or morestates. However, no project components will be located on any such waterways, hencethis OP is not triggered.

2.1.8 Cultural Property 4OP 4.1 1)

The World Bank's general policy regarding cultural properties is to assist in theirpreservation, and to seek to avoid their elimination. The specific aspects of the Policyare given below. 4

* The Bank normally declines to finance projects that will significantly damage non-replicable cultural property, and will assist only those projects that are sited ordesigned so as to prevent such damage.

* The Bank will assist in the protection and enhancement of cultural propertiesencountered in Bank-financed projects, rather than leaving that protection to chance.In some cases, the project is best relocated in order that sites and structures can bepreserved, studied, and restored intact in situ. In other cases, structures can berelocated, preserved, studied, and restored on alternate sites. Often, scientific study,selective salvage, and museum preservation before destruction is all that isnecessary. Most such projects should include the training and strengthening ofinstitutions entrusted with safeguarding a nation's cultural patrimony. Such activitiesshould be directly included in the scope of the project, rather than being postponedfor some possible future action, and the costs are to be intemalized in computingoverall project costs.

* Deviations from this policy may be justified only where expected project benefits aregreat, and the loss of or damage to cultural property is judged by competentauthorities to be unavoidable, minor, or otherwise acceptable. Specific details of thejustification should be discussed in project documents.

* This policy pertains to any project in which the Bank is involved, irrespective ofwhether the Bank is itself financing the part of the project that may affect culturalproperty.

4Excerpts from the OPN 11.03. WB Operational Manual. September 1986.



During the present ESA, no site of historical, cultural or archaeological importance wasfound to be affected by the project. Hence OP 4.11 is not triggered.

However, in case of discovery of any sites or artifacts of historical, cultural, archeologicalor religious significance during the project execution, the work will be stopped at that site.The provisions of this Policy will be followed. Additionally, the provincial and federalarcheological departments will be notified immediately, and their advice sought beforeresumption of the construction activities at such sites.

2.1.9 Indigenous People (OP 4.10)

For purposes of this policy, the term 'Indigenous Peoples" is used in a generic sense torefer to a distinct, vulnerable, social and cultural group possessing the followingcharacteristics in varying degrees:5

* self-identification as members of a distinct indigenous cultural group and recognitionof this identity by others;

* collective attachment to geographically distinct habitats or ancestral territories in theproject area and to the natural resources in these habitats and territories;

* customary cultural, economic, social, or political institutions that are separate fromthose of the dominant society and culture; and

* an indigenous language, often different from the official language of the country orregion.

The OP defines the process to be followed if the project affects the indigenous people.

During the ESA, no indigenous people - with a social and cultural identity distinct from thedominant society that makes them vulnerable to being disadvantaged in the developmentprocess - were found in the areas where different project components are planned to belocated. Therefore this OP is not triggered.

However if such groups are identified during the project implementation, the proponentswill develop an Indigenous People Development Plan, in compliance with the OP and getit approved by the Bank.

2.1.10 Projects in Disputed Areas (OP 7.60)

Projects in disputed areas may raise a number of delicate problems affecting relationsnot only between the Bank and its member countries, but also between the borrower andone or more neighboring countries. In order not to prejudice the position of either theBank or the countries concerned, any dispute over an area in which a proposed project islocated is dealt with at the earliest possible stage.

The Bank may proceed with a project in a disputed area if the governments concemedagree that, pending the settlement of the dispute, the project proposed for country Ashould go forward without prejudice to the claims of country B. 6

5 Excerpts from the OP 4.10. WB Operational Manual. July 2005.


Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework IESCO 6 th STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Since parts of the proposed project falls in the Azad Jammu and Kashmir, which is adisputed area, the provisions of this Policy will be followed. The Project will ensure thatthrough its intervention the status of the disputed area is not affected.

22 Laws and Iehlatihms

Pakistan's statute books contain a number of laws concerned with the regulation andcontrol of the environmental and social aspects. However, the enactment ofcomprehensive legislation on the environment, in the form of an act of parliament, is arelatively new phenomenon. Most of the existing laws on environmental and socialissues have been enforced over an extended period of time, and are context-specific.The laws relevant to the developmental projects are briefly reviewed below.

2.2.1 Pakistan Environmental Protection Act, 1997

The Pakistan Environmental Protection Act, 1997 (the Act) is the basic legislative toolempowering the government to frame regulations for the protection of the environment(the 'environment' has been defined in the Act as: (a) air, water and land; (b) all layers ofthe atmosphere; (c) aRl organic and inorganic matter and living organisms; (d) theecosystem and ecological relationships; (e) buildings, structures, roads, facilities andworks; (f) all social and economic conditions affecting community life; and (g) the inter-relationships between any of the factors specified in sub-clauses 'a' to Y). The Act isapplicable to a broad range of issues and extends to socioeconomic aspects, landacquisition, air, water, soil, marine and noise pollution, as well as the handling ofhazardous waste. The discharge or emission of any effluent, waste, air pollutant or noisein an amount, concentration or level in excess of the National Environmental QualityStandards (NEQS) specified by the Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency (Pak-EPA) has been prohibited under the Act, and penalties have been prescribed for thosecontravening the provisions of the Act. The powers of the federal and provincialEnvironmental Protection Agencies (EPAs), established under the PakistanEnvironmental Protection Ordinance 1983,7 have also been considerably enhancedunder this legislation and they have been given the power to conduct inquiries intopossible breaches of environmental law either of their own accord, or upon theregistration of a complaint.

The requirement for environmental assessment is laid out in Section 12 (1) of the Act.Under this section, no project involving construction activities or any change in thephysical environment can be undertaken unless an initial environmental examination(IEE) or an environmental impact assessment (EIA) is conducted, and approval isreceived from the federal or relevant provincial EPA. Section 12 (6) of the Act states thatthis provision is applicable only to such categories of projects as may be prescribed. Thecategories are defined in the Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency Review of IEEand EIA Regulations, 2000 and are discussed in Section 2.2.2 below.

6 Excerpts from the OP 7.60. WB Operational Manual. November 1994.7 Superseded by the Pakistan environmental Protection Act, 1997.

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Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework IESCO 6 STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

The requirement of conducting an environmental assessment of the proposed projectemanates from this Act.

2.2.2 Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency Review of iEE and EIA Regulations,2000

The Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency Review of lEE and EIA Regulations,

2000 (the 'Regulations'), developed by the Pak-EPA under the powers conferred upon itby the Act, provide the necessary details on preparation, submission and review of theinitial environmental examination (IEE) and the EIA. Categorization of projects for IEEand EIA is one of the main components of the Regulations. Projects have been classifiedon the basis of expected degree of adverse environmental impacts. Project types listedin Schedule I are designated as potentially less damaging to the environment, and thoselisted in Schedule II as having potentially serious adverse effects. Schedule I projectsrequire an IEE to be conducted, provided they are not located in environmentallysensitive areas. For the Schedule II projects, conducting an EIA is necessary.

The proposed project falls under the Schedule II of the Regulations, hence an EIA has tobe conducted for it.

2.2.3 National and International Environmental Standards

National Standards

The National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS), promulgated under the PEPA1997, specify the following standards:

* Maximum allowable concentration of pollutants (16 parameters) in gaseousemissions from industrial sources,

* For power plants operating on oil and coal:

* Maximum allowable emission of sulfur dioxide,

* Maximum allowable increment in concentration of sulfur dioxide in ambient air,

* Maximum allowable concentration of nitrogen oxides in ambient air, and

*. Maximum allowable emission of nitrogen oxide for steam generators as functionof heat input.

* Maximum allowable concentration of pollutants (32 parameters) in municipal andliquid industrial effluents discharged to inland waters, sewage treatment and sea(three separate set of numbers).

Selected NEQS for liquid effluents discharged to inland waters, gaseous emission fromindustrial sources and emissions from motor vehicles are provided in Exhibits 2.1, 2.2and 2.3, respectively. These standards will be applicable to the gaseous emissions andliquid effluents discharged to the environment from the proposed project.


Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework IESCO 6 STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Intemational Standards

The NEQS do not cover the ambient air quality or water quality standards. Theintemational standards for ambient air quality and drinking water quality are presented inExhibits 2.4 and 2.5.

For noise, the NEQS are limited to the vehicular noise. For noise generated by othersources, the WB standards are usually applied. The allowable noise limits per thesestandards are 55 dB(A) for daytime and 45 dB(A) for nighttime, measured at the receptor.

2.2.4 Land Acquisition Act, 1894

The Land Acquisition Act (LAA) of 1894 amended from time to time has been the de-facto policy governing land acquisition and compensation in the country. The LAA is themost commonly used law for acquisition of land and other properties for developmentprojects. It comprises of 55 sections pertaining to area notifications and surveys,acquisition, compensation and apportionment awards and disputes resolution, penaltiesand exemptions.

WAPDA has been acquiring land for the grid stations under the provisions of this Act.However, for the proposed project, the grid station sites will be procured directly from theowners, after paying the mutually agreed market price. And in case some parts of theland required for the proposed project is acquired under this Act, the Urgency/EmergencyClause (Section 17) will not be used, in the absence of an urgency or emergency.

2.2.5 National Resettlement Policy I Ordinance

The Ministry of Environment, Local Government and Rural Development formulated adraft policy in 2004 on involuntary resettlement with technical assistance from ADB. Thepolicy aims to compensate for the loss of income to those who suffer loss of communalproperty including common assets, productive assets, structures, other fixed assets,income and employment, loss of community networks and services, pasture, water rights,public infrastructure like mosques, shrines, schools and graveyards.

The government has also developed a document entitled "Project Implementation andResettlement of the Affected Persons Ordinance, 2007', later referred to as the"Resettlement Ordinance", for enactment by provincial and local governments, afterincorporating local requirements. The Ordinance, being a new law, shall besupplementary to the LAA as well as other laws of Pakistan, and wherever applicableunder this policy. However, if necessary, appropriate amendments to the LAA 1894 willalso be proposed to facilitate the application of the Resettlement Ordinance.

There has not been much progress on the enactment of the Resettlement Ordinance;hence this is not relevant for the proposed project.

2.2.6 Telegraph Act, 1885

This law was enacted to define the authority and responsibility of the Telegraph authority.The law covers, among other activities, installation and maintenance of telegraph lines

A 2-8 August 2006DRT06V021ES-S02


and posts (poles). The Act defines the mechanism to determine and make payment ofcompensation associated with the installation of these lines and posts.

Under this Act, the land required for the poles is not acquired (or purchased) from theowner, nor the title of the land transferred. Compensation is paid to the owner for anystructure, crop or tree that exists on the land; cost of the land is not paid to the owner.

WAPDA has been installing the transmission lines and towers, and determining theassociated compensation, on the basis of this Act. IESCO also plans to use this Act forinstalling the transmission lines during the proposed project. However, the land underthe towers will be acquired if there is loss of access, and the productive use of the landby the landowners/affectees is impacted.

2.2.7 Punjab Wildlife Protection Act, 1974

This law was enacted to protect the province's wildlife resources directly and othernatural resources indirectly. It classifies wildlife by degree of protection, ie, animals thatmay be hunted on a permit or special license, and species that are protected and cannotbe hunted under any circumstances. The Act specifies restrictions on hunting and tradein animals, trophies, or meat. The Act also defines varous categories of wildlifeprotected areas, ie, National Parks, Wildlife Sanctuaries and Game Reserve.

2.2.8 Forest Act, 1927

The Act authorizes Provincial Forest Departments to establish forest reserves andprotected forests. The Act prohibits any person to set fire in the forest, quarries stone,removes any forest-produce or cause any damage to the forest by cutting trees orclearing up area for cultivation or any other purpose.

2.2.9 Canal and Drainage Act (1873)

The Canal and Drainage Act (1873) prohibits corruption or fouling of water in canals(defined to include channels, tube wells, reservoirs and watercourses), or obstruction ofdrainage. This Act will be applicable to the construction works to be carried out duringthe proposed project.

2.2.10 Provincial Local Government Ordinances, 2001

These ordinances were issued under the devolution process and define the roles of thedistrict governments. These ordinances also address the land use, conservation ofnatural vegetation, air, water and land pollution, disposal of solid waste and wastewatereffluents, as well as matters relating to public health.

2.2.11 Antiquity Act, 1975

The Antiquities Act of 1975 ensures the protection of cultural resources in Pakistan. TheAct is designed to protect 'antiquities' from destruction, theft, negligence, unlawful

excavation, trade and export. Antiquities have been defined in the Act as ancientproducts of human activity, historical sites, or sites of anthropological or cultural interest,national monuments, etc. The law prohibits new construction in the proximity of a

2-9 August 2006DRT06VO21ES-S02

Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework IESCO 6' STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

protected antiquity and empowers the Government of Pakistan to prohibit excavation inany area that may contain articles of archeological significance.

Under this Act, the project proponents are obligated to:

* Ensure that no activity is undertaken in the proximity of a protected antiquity, and

* If during the course of the project an archeological discovery is made, it should beprotected and reported to the Department of Archeology, Government of Pakistan,for further action.

2.2.12 Mines, Oil Fields and Mineral Development Act, 1948

This legislation provides procedures for quarrying and mining of construction materialfrom state-owned as well as private land. These procedures will have to be followedduring the proposed project.

2.2.13 Factories Act, 1934

The clauses relevant to the IESCO's proposed project are those that address the health,safety and welfare of the workers, disposal of solid waste and effluents, and damage toprivate and public property. The Act also provides regulations for handling and disposingtoxic and hazardous substances. The Pakistan Environmental Protection Act of 1997(discussed above), supersedes parts of this Act pertaining to environment andenvironmental degradation.

2.2.14 Pakistan Explosive Act, 1884

This Act provides regulations for the handling, transportation and use of explosivesduring quarrying, blasting and other purposes. The transmission line tower installationmay need blasting at rocky/mountainous areas, thus these regulations will be applicablefor the proposed project.

2.2.15 Pakistan Penal Code, 1860

The Code deals with the offences where public or private property or human lives areaffected due to intentional or accidental misconduct of an individual or organization. TheCode also addresses control of noise, noxious emissions and disposal of effluents. Mostof the environmental aspects of the Code have been superseded by the PakistanEnvironmental Protection Act, 1997.

2.3 Sblluatimns older IuternmUmnal TreaUes

Pakistan is signatory of several MEAs, including:

* Basel Convention,

* Convention on Biological Diversity, Convention on Wetlands (Ramsar),

* Convention on Intemational Trade in Endangered Species (CITES),

* UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC),

eN 2-10 August 2006DRT06VO21ES-S02

Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework IESCO 6' STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

* Kyoto Protocol,

* Montreal Protocol,

* UN Convention to Combat Desertification,

* Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL),

* UN Convention on the Law of Seas (LOS),

* Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs),

* Cartina Protocol.

These MEAs impose requirements and restrictions of varying degrees upon the member

countries, in order to meet the objectives of these agreements. However, the

implementation mechanism for most of these MEAs is weak in Pakistan and institutional

setup non existent.

In order to address this state of affairs, the GoP has recently approved a PC1 for the

establishment of the National MEA Secretariat under the Ministry of Environment in

Islamabad. The Secretariat will handle and coordinate activities, and develop action

plans for each MEA vis-a-vis the country's obligation under these agreements. The

Secretariat will then be responsible to ensure implementation of these action plans. The

Secretariat will also evaluate future MEAs and advise the Government for acceding (or

otherwise) these agreements.

For the proposed project, the Stockholm Convention has the direct relevance. The

Convention addresses the eradication of the persistent organic pollutants (POPs). The

transformer oil used to contain poly-chlorinated biphenyl PCB), which is one of the POPs.

Though now its usage has been abandoned, old transformers in Pakistan still contain oil

containing PCB (this issue is further discussed in Section 8 of this report).

2.4 lnstithtienal Setup for E[VirsmMental Management

The apex environmental body in the country is the Pakistan Environmental Protection

Council (PEPC), which is presided by the Chief Executive of the Country. Other bodies

include the Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency (Pak-EPA), provincial EPAs (for

four provinces, AJK and Northern Areas), and environmental tribunals.

The EPAs were first established under the 1983 Environmental Protection Ordinance; the

PEPA 1997 further strengthened their powers. The EPAs have been empowered to

receive and review the environmental assessment reports (IEEs and ElAs) of the

proposed projects, and provide their approval (or otherwise).

Various components of the proposed projects would be located in Islamabad, Punjab

Province and AJK. Hence this ESA report will be sent to the Pak-EPA for review, instead

of sending it to three different EPAs.


Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework IESCO 6"t STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

2.5 Envirommental and Secial Guidelines

Two sets of guidelines, the Pak-EPA's guidelines and the World Bank EnvironmentalGuidelines are reviewed here. These guidelines address the environmental as well associal aspects.

2.5.1 Environmental Protection Agency's Environmental and Social Guidelines

The Federal EPA has prepared a set of guidelines for conducting environmentalassessments. The guidelines derive from much of the existing work done by internationaldonor agencies and NGOs. The package of regulations, of which the guidelines form apart, includes the PEPA 1997 and the NEQS. These guidelines are listed below.

* Guidelines for the Preparation and Review of Environmental Reports,

* - Guidelines for Public Consultation,

* Guidelines for Sensitive and Critical Areas,

* Sectoral Guidelines.

It is stated in the Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency Review of IEE and EIARegulations, 2000 that the EIA or IEE must be prepared, to the extent practicable, inaccordance with the Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency EnvironmentalGuidelines.

2.5.2 World Bank Environmental and Social Guidelines

The principal World Bank publications that contain environmental and social guidelinesare listed below.

* Pollution Prevention and Abatement Handbook 1998: Towards Cleaner Production

* Environmental Assessment Sourcebook, Volume l: Policies, Procedures, and Cross-Sectoral Issues.

* Social Analysis Sourcebook.

* All environmental and social safeguard operational policies.

e.AN 2-12 August 2006DRT06VO21ES-S02


Exhibit 2.1: Selected NEQS for Waste Effluents

Parameter Unit Standards (maximumallowable limit)

Temperature increase IC < 3

pH value (acidity/basicity) pH 6-9

5-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) mgA 80at 20 IC

Chemical oxygen demand (COD) mg/l 150

Total suspended solids mgA 200

Total dissolved solids mg/l 3,500

Grease and oil mg/l 10

Phenolic compounds (as phenol) mg/l 0.1

Chloride (as Cl) mg/l 1,000

Fluoride (as F) mg/I 10

Sulfate (S04) mg/l 600

Sulfide (S) mg/l 1.0

Ammonia (NH3) mg/l 40

Cadmium mg/l 0.1

Chromium (trivalent and hexavalent) mg/l 1.0

Copper mg/l 1.0

Lead mg/I 0.5

Mercury mg/I 0.01

Selenium mg/l 0.5

Nickel mg/l 1.0

Silver mg/l 1.0

Total toxic metals mg/l 2.0

Zinc mgA 5

Arsenic mg/l 1.0

Barium mg/I 1.5

Iron mg/l 8.0

Manganese mg/I 1.5

Boron mg/l 6.0

Chlorine mg/l 1.0Source: Government of Pakistan (2000).Notes:1. The standard assumes that dilution of 1:10 on discharge is available. That is, for each cubic meter of

treated effluent, the recipient water body should have 10 m3 of water for dilution of this effluent.2. Toxic metals indude cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, mercury, selenium, nickel and silver. The effluent

should meet the individual standards for these metals as well as the standard for total toxic metalconcentration.

e 2-13 August 2006DRT06VO2IES-S02

Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework IESCO 6T' STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Exhibit 2.2: NEQS for Industrial Gaseous Emissions

mg/Nm3 unless otherwise stated

Parameter Source of Emission StandardsParameter__________ S E(maximum allowable limit)

Smoke Smoke opacity not to exceed 40% or 2 Ringlemann Scale orequivalent smoke number

Particulate matter ' (a) Boilers and fumaces:i. Oil fired 300ii. Coal fired 500iii. Cement Kilns 300

(b) Grinding, crushing, clinker coolers 500and related processes, metallurgicalprocesses, converters, blast furnacesand cupolas

Hydrogen Chloride Any 400

Chlorine Any 150Hydrogen fluoride Any 150

Hydrogen sulphide Any 10

Sulphur Oxides 2,3 Sulfuric acid/Sulphonic acid plants 5,000

Other Plants except power Plants 1,700operating on oil and coal

Carbon Monoxide Any 800

Lead Any 50Mercury Any 10Cadmium | Any 20Arsenic Any 20Copper Any 50Antimony Any 20Zinc Any 200

Oxides of Nitrogen3 Nitric acid manufacturing unit 3,000

Other plants except power plantsoperating on oil or coal:i. Gas fired 400ii. Oil fired 600iii. Coal fired 1,200

Source: Govemment of Pakistan (2000).Explanations:

1. Based on the assumption that the size of the particulate is 10 micron or more.2. Based on 1% sulphur content in fuel oil. Higher content of sulphur will cause standards to be pro-

rated.3. In respect of emissions of sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides, the power plants operating on oil and

coal as fuel shall in addition to NEOS specified above, comply with the standards providedseparately.

e- N 2-14 August 2006DRT06V02IES-S02


Exhibit 2.3: NEQS for Motor Vehicles Exhaust and Noise

Parameter Standards Measuring Method(maximum permissible limit) MauigMto

Smoke 40% or 2 on the Ringlemann Scale To be compared with Ringlemannduring engine acceleration mode. Chart at a distance of 6 meters or

lmore.

Carbon Monoxide. New Vehicle = 4.5% Under idling conditions: non-Used Vehicle = 6% dispersive infrared detection

'through gas analyzer.

Noise 185 db(A) Sound meter at 7.5 meter from|the source.

Source: Government of Pakistan (2000).

Exhibit 2.4: WHO Ambient Air Quality Standards

Maximum Allowable UnitsPollutant Averaging Time

Limit

CO 35 ppm 1 hour

NOx 106 ppb 1 hour

SO2 134 ppb 1 hour

PM10 70 pg/i 3 24 hours

A"N 2-15 August 2006DRT06V02lES-S02

Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework IESCO 6mh STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Exhibit 2.5: WHO Drinking Water Quality Standards

ElementV Symbol/ Normally Found in Health Based WHOSubstance Formula Freshwater/Surface Guideline

Water/GroundwaterAluminium |Ai - 0.2 mg/lI IAmmonia NH4 < 0.2 mg/l (up to 0.3 mg/l No guideline

in anaerobic waters)

Antimony Sb <4 pg/i F 0.005 mg/iArsenic As 0.01 mgAAsbestos No guidelineBarium I Ba L 0.3 mg/lBerillium Be < 1 pg/l No guidelineBoron B < 1 mgA/ 0.3 mg/lCadmium Cd < 1 pg/I 0.003 mgAChloride [ CI !_| 250 mg/Chromium Cr+, Cr' < 2 pg/I 0.05 mgAColour f Not mentionedCopper Cu 2 mgACyanide CN- 0.07 mg/lDissolved oxygen 02 No guidelineFluoride F < 1.5 mg/l (up to 10) 1.5 mg/lHardness mg/i CaCO3 _ No guideline

Hydrogen sulfide H2S No guideline

Iron Fe0.5 50 mg/ No guidelineLead Pb 0.01 mg/lManganese Mn 0.5 mg/IMercury Hg < 0.5 pg/l 0.001 mg/IMolybdenum Mb < 0.01 mg/l 0.07 mg/lNickel Ni < 0.02 mg/l 0.02 mgANitrate and nitrite NOs, NO2 | 50 mg/l total nitrogenTurbidity S Not mentionedpH f No guidelineSelenium Se < < 0.01 mg/l 0.01 mg/iSilver Ag 5 - 50 pg/i No guidelineSodium Na < 20 mg/i 200 mg/iSulfate SO4 500 mgAInorganic tin Sn No guidelineTDS No guidelineUranium U _ 1.4 mg/

Zinc Zn 3 mg/i

e. 2-16 August 2006DRTo6VO21ES-So2

IESCO 6" STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

3 Description of the Proeect

This Chapter provides a simplified description of various components of the proposedproject and their salient features, location, and phases.

3.1 IESCI's Existing System

IESCO is one of the eight DISCOs which have been established as a result of WAPDA'srestructuring. The key technical data of the IESCO's system is provided in Exhibit 3.1.

3.1.1 IESCO Area

The area within the IESCO network comprises the following distinct administrative units:

• Islamabad Capital Territory (ICT)

* Rawalpindi District

* Jhelum District

* Attock District

* Chakwal District.

In addition, parts of AJK are also included in the IESCO's STG network, where IESCOsupplies bulk electricity to the AJK govemment (the electricity distribution in the AJK isunder the jurisdiction of the local government). Exhibit 3.2 presents a map of the IESCOsystem.

The total population in this area is about 7 million. The major urban centers of the areainclude Islamabad, Rawalpindi, Jhelum, Chakwal and Wah.

3.1.2 Transmission Lines

The IESCO system comprises of the two 220-kV double circuit, seven 132-kV doublecircuit, thirteen 132-kV single circuit and four 66-kV single circuit transmission lines. A listof these transmission lines is provided in Exhibit 3.3.

3.1.3 Grid Stations and HT Feeders

There is one 500-kV grid station located at Rewat, and three 220-kV grid stations atBurhan, Sangjani and Quid-e-Azam University, Islamabad. In addition, there are forty-eight 132-kV, eleven 66-kV and five 33-kV grid stations within the IESCO system; a list ofthese grid stations is provided in Exhibit 3.4.

A total of 651 HT feeders originate from the above grid stations in the IESCO system.

3.2 Preject ObletivesThe overarching objective of the 6th STG and ELR project is to increase the efficiency,reliability and quality of the electricity supply. The project aims to achieve:


Description of the Project IESCO 6"h STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

* Strengthening of electricity transmission network to reduce bottlenecks and improvesystem reliability and quality

* Strengthening of electricity distribution network to reduce losses and improvement insupply.

This will be achieved by adding new grid stations, upgrading/augmenting/converting theexisting ones, adding new transmission lines, bifurcating long distribution feeders andreplacing old/undersized conductors as well as transformers.

3.3 Prhect Components

The 3-year slice of the 6th STG project - for which IESCO is seeking the WB financing -consists of establishing 6 new grid stations, converting 11, augmenting 3, extending 17existing grid stations, and laying of 509 km transmission lines. The ELR activities duringthe proposed project include works on 30 HT feeders and 575 LT lines.

The present ESA addresses the project components which will be undertaken during theYear 2006-07. These components and their salient information are tabulated below.

Project Component Features

New Grid Stations (GS)

Gangal GS, Rawalpindi 132 kV grid station;1 x 13 MVA transformer

Adyala Road GS, Rawalpindi 132 kV grid station;2 x 13 MVA transformers

MES GS, Rawalpindi 132 kV grid station;2 x 13 MVA transformers

Sohawa GS 132 kV grid station;(altemate for the MES grid station, in case of 1 2 x 13 MVA transformersnon-availability of land)

Bahter More GS, Wah 132 kV grid station;2 x 13 MVA transformers

Upgradation of Existing Grid Stations (66 kV to 132 kV)

Dandot GS 132 kV grid station;2 x 13 MVA transformers

Pinanwal GS 132 kV grid station;2 x 13 MVA transformers

Ahmadal GS 132 kV grid station;1 x 13 MVA transformer

Pindi Gheb GS 132 kV grid station;1 x 13 MVA transformer

e_ 3-2 August 2006DRT06VO21ES-S03

Description of the Project IESCO 6t STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report


Conversion of Existing Grid Stations (33 kV to 132 KV)

Plandri GS 132 kV grid station;1 x 13 MVA transformer

Hajira GS 132 kV grid station;1 x 13 MVA transformer

Minhasa GS 132 kV grid station;1 x 13 MVA transformer

Extension of Existing Grid Stations

Fateh Jang GS i1 x Line Bay

Azad Pattan GS 1 x Line Bay

Choa Saidan Shah GS 1 x Line Bay

Murree GS 1 x Line Bay

Trar Khal GS 2 x Line Bays

Pir Wadhai GS 1 x Line Bay

Augmentation of Existing Grid Stations

Niljore GS 1 x 26 MVA transformer

Rewat GS 1 x 26 MVA transformer

Transmission Lines1

Feed for Gangal GS Length: 8 km

Feed for MES GS Length: 6 km

Feed for Adyala Road GS I Length: 9 km

Feed for Sohawa GS Length: 1 km

Trar Khal GS to Hajira GS Length: 25 km

Trar Khal GS to Plandri GS iLength: 25 km

Azad Pattan GS to Plandri GS Length: 15 km

Fateh Jang to Ahmadal to Pindi Gheb GS Length: 65 km

Feed for Bahter More GS Length: 10 km

Choa Saidan Shah GS to Dandot GS Length: 25 km

Dandot GS to Pinanwal GS Length: 25 km

Chak Sawari GS to Kotli GS Length: 31 km

Murree to Minhasa Length: 30 km

University GS to Nilore GS Length: 12.5 km(Re-conductoring)

ELR Works

1 The lengths of the proposed transmission lines are indicative only.

3-3 August 2006DRT06V021ES-S03

Descnption of the Project IESCO 6"h STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report


HT Works Number of feeders: 30

LT Works Number of LT lines: 575

Replacement of Energy Meters Number of Energy Meters: 60,500.

The above components are shown in Exhibit 3.5 and described in the following sections.

3.3.1 Gangal Grid Station, Rawalpindillslamabad

Currently, the area surrounding Gangal (which is a village near the Islamabad Highwayleading to the Islamabad airport) is being fed from the 1-8, Chaklala and Zero Point gridstations. Gangal area consists of thickly populated localities, which are expanding veryrapidly, thus leading to sharp rise in electricity demand. Furthermore, several housingsocieties are also coming up in this area, which will result in even higher increase in theelectricity demand.

The existing distribution system in the area is fully loaded with no provision for furtherexpansion. The area also faces low-voltage problem and frequent power breakdowns,owing to lengthy feeders and over-loaded circuits.

In order to address the above problem, and in view of the anticipated load of theupcoming housing societies as well as the nearby villages, a new 132-kV grid station inthe area has been planned. This will result in reduced losses associated with low-voltageon the existing feeders, while allowing expansion of the electricity network in the newareas.

The new grid station will have one transformer having a capacity of 13 MVA. Initially, 5existing 11 kV feeders from the Zero Point, 1-8 and Chaklala grid stations will be shifted tothe new grid station. Additional feeders will be added as and when new consumers areconnected to the system.

About 4 acres of land is usually acquired for the grid station of this size. The landcurrently being considered for this purpose is located near the Judicial Colony, about400 m east of the Islamabad highway. The land will be acquired on the basis of willingseller/willing buyer, at mutually agreed market price.

3.3.2 Adyala Road Grid Station, Rawalpindi

Currently, the Adyala Road (Rawalpindi) locality is being fed from the Kamalabad gridstation with lengthy feeders, which are passing through the thickly populated areas,sometimes over the houses and buildings. The population in the Adyala Road area israpidly expanding owing to establishment of new housing colonies and associatedcommercial activities. As a result, electricity demand in the area is also rising sharply.

The area has been facing severe low-voltage and service interruption problems as aresult of the ever-increasing load and lengthy 11 -kV feeders.

In order to address the above problems, and in view of the anticipated load of theupcoming housing societies in the surroundings, a new 132-kV grid station in the areahas been planned. This will result in the reduced losses associated with low-voltage on


Description of the Project iESCO 6th STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

the existing feeders, fewer power outages and improved voltage profile, while alsoallowing expansion of the electricity network in the new areas.

The new grid station will have two transformers each having a capacity of 13 MVA.Initially, 3 existing 1 1-kV feeders from the Kamalabad and Rewat grid stations will beshifted to the new grid station. Additional feeders will be added as and when newconsumers are connected to the system.

IESCO has about 4 acres of land available for this grid station. The land is located on theAdyala Road.

3.3.3 MES Grid Station, Rawalpindi

The Peshawar Road, Mali Road and Qasim Market areas in Rawalpindi are currentlybeing fed from the Kamalabad, KTM and Rawalpindi Cantonment grid stations. Thesegrid stations are already overloaded, and cannot accommodate the future load growth inthese areas. The area is experiencing increasing electricity demand owing to theconversion of old houses into multi-storey office/commercial buildings.

The 1 1-kV feeders in the area are lengthy and fully loaded. As a result, the distributionnetwork in the area experiences low-voltage and frequent power outages.

In order to address the above problems, and in view of the anticipated load growth, a new132-kV grid station in the area has been planned. This will result in the reduced lossesassociated with low-voltage on the existing feeders, fewer power outages and improvedvoltage profile, while also catering to the future load growth in the area.

The proposed MES grid station will be fed from the Pir Wadhai grid station, which isabout 6 km from the proposed site.

The new grid station will have two transformers each having a capacity of 13 MVA.Initially, 4 existing 1 1-kV feeders from the Kamalabad and Rawalpindi Cantonment gridstations will be shifted to the new grid station. Additional feeders will be added as andwhen new consumers are connected to the system.

The land currently being considered for this purpose is located adjacent to the ArmedForces Institute of Transfusion (AFIT), and is State owned.

3.3.4 Sohawa Grid Station

In case land is not available for the MES grid station, a new grid station at Sohawa isproposed. The site is about 16 km south-southeast of Gujar Khan and about 40 kmnorthwest of Jhelum off the Grand Trunk Road (GT Road) is proposed. Currently,electricity in the area is supplied from Gujar Khan. In view of the long 11 kV feeders,which are over-loaded and cannot cater to the increasing power demand, the areaexperiences frequent power outages and low-voltage problem. In order to address theabove problems, and in view of the anticipated load growth, a new 132-kV grid station inthe area has been planned. This will result in the reduced losses associated with low-voltage on the existing feeders, fewer power outages and improved voltage profile, whilealso catering to the future load growth in the area.


Description of the Project IESCO 6th STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

The new grid station will be fed from the existing 132-kV transmission line, which runs afew hundred meters from the proposed site.

The land for the proposed grid station will be acquired on the basis of willing seller/willingbuyer, at mutually agreed market price.

3.3.5 Bahter More Grid Station, Wah

Currently, the area surrounding the Bahter More, Wah is being fed from the New Wahand Margalla grid stations. The Bahter More area falls between the GT Road and theMotorway, and experiences rapid growth. A number of housing colonies, farms,workshops and other commercial establishments exist in the area and many more arecoming up. The planned Motorway Exit in the area will further fuel the economic growthin the area.

The existing distribution system in the area is already overloaded and can hardly meetthe prevailing electricity demand. Long feeders also result in high energy losses andfrequent power outages.

In order to address the above problems, and in view of the anticipated load growth, a new132-kV grid station in the area has been planned. This will result in the reduced lossesassociated with low-voltage on the existing feeders, fewer power outages and improvedvoltage profile, while also catering to the future load growth in the area.

The proposed Bahter More grid station will be fed from the 132-kV Burhan-Margallatransmission line, which is passing a few km from the proposed grid station site.

The new grid station will have two transformers each having a capacity of 13 MVA.Initially, 3 existing 1 1-kV feeders from the New Wah and Margalla grid stations will beshifted to the new grid station. Additional feeders will be added as and when newconsumers are connected to the system.

The land currently being considered for this purpose is located near the Bahter More, afew kilometers from the GT Road. The land will be acquired on the basis of willingseller/willing buyer, at mutually agreed market price.

3.3.6 Conversion of Dandot Grid Station

The existing Dandot grid station is currently on 66-kV system. The existing system isunable to meet the prevailing loading requirements, and there is no provision for anyfuture extension. Maintaining the desired voltage levels is also a problem. Above all, the66-kV system is fast becoming obsolete, and obtaining spares and replacements isextremely difficult.

In view of the above situation, conversion of the 66-kV system to the 132-kV system hasbeen planned. The upgraded grid station will have two transformers each having acapacity of 13 MVA. The grid station will be fed through the new 132-kV Choa SaidanShah-Dandot transmission line, which will also be constructed as part of the proposedproject (further discussed later).

The grid station has ample space for the new transformers and associated equipment.Therefore no additional land will need to be acquired for the conversion.

4 3-6 August 2006DRT06VO21ES-S03


3.3.7 Conversion of Pinanwal Grid Station

The existing Pinanwal grid station is currently on 66-kV system. The existing system isunable to meet the prevailing loading requirements, and there is no provision for anyfuture extension. Maintaining the desired voltage levels is also a problem. Mostimportantly, the 66-kV system is fast becoming obsolete, and obtaining spares andreplacements is becoming more and more difficult.

In view of the above situation, conversion of the 66-kV system to the 132-kV system hasbeen envisaged. The conversion will help improve the system parameters, while meetingthe growing demand of the electricity in the area. In addition, the grid station will be

connected to the national grid.

The upgraded grid station will have two transformers each having a capacity of 13 MVA(replacing one transformer of 13 MVA capacity). The grid station will be fed through thenew 132-kV Dandot-Pinanwal transmission line, which will also be constructed as part ofthe proposed project (further discussed later).


3.3.8 Conversion of Ahmadal Grid Station

The existing Ahmadal grid station is currently on 66-kV system. The existing system isunable to meet the prevailing loading requirements, and there is no provision for anyfuture extension. Maintaining the desired voltage levels is also a problem. Mostimportantly, the 66-kV system is fast becoming obsolete, and obtaining spares andreplacements is becoming more and more difficult.

In view of the above situation, conversion of the 66-kV system to the 132-kV system hasbeen envisaged. The conversion will help improve the system parameters, while meetingthe growing demand of the electricity in the area. In addition, the grid station will beconnected to the national grid.

The upgraded grid station will have one transformer having a capacity of 13 MVA(replacing the existing 5 MVA transformer). The grid station will be fed through the new132-kV Fateh Jang-Ahmadal transmission line, which will also be constructed as part ofthe proposed project (further discussed later).


3.3.9 Conversion of Pindi Gheb Grid Station

The existing Pindi Gheb grid station is currently on 66-kV system. The existing system isunable to meet the prevailing loading requirements, and there is no provision for anyfuture extension. Maintaining the desired voltage levels is also a problem. Mostimportantly, the 66-kV system is fast becoming obsolete, and obtaining spares andreplacements is becoming more and more difficult.

In view of the above situation, conversion of the 66-kV system to the 132-kV system hasbeen envisaged. The conversion will help improve the system parameters, while meeting


Descrption of the Project IESCO 6t STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

the growing demand of the electricity in the area. In addition, the grid station will beconnected to the national grid.

The upgraded grid station will have one transformer having a capacity of 13 MVA(replacing the existing 5 MVA transformer). The grid station will be fed through the new132-kV Ahmadal-Pindi Gheb transmission line, which will also be constructed as part ofthe proposed project (further discussed later).

The grid station has ample space for the new transformers and associated equipment.Therefore no additional land will need to be acquired for the conversion of the gridstation.

3.3.10 Conversion of Plandri Grid Station, AJK

The existing Plandri grid station is currently on 33-kV system, currently being feed fromthe Azad Pattan grid station. The existing system is unable to meet the prevailing loadingrequirements, and there is no provision for any future extension. Instability of powersupply and low-voltage are serious problems and as a result, people in the area face a lotof hardship. Most importantly, the 33-kV system is fast becoming obsolete, and obtainingspares and replacements is becoming more and more difficult.

In view of the above situation, conversion of the 33-kV system to the 132-kV system hasbeen planned as part of the proposed project. The conversion will help improve thesystem parameters, while meeting the growing demand of the electricity in the area. Inaddition, the grid station will be connected to the national grid.

The upgraded grid station will have one transformer having a capacity of 13 MVA(replacing the existing 8 MVA transformer). The grid station will be fed through the new132-kV Trar Khal-Plandri transmission line, which will also be constructed as part of theproposed project (further discussed later).


3.3.11 Conversion of Hajira Grid Station, AJK

The existing Hajira grid station is currently on 33-kV system, currently being fed from theAzad Pattan grid station. The existing system is unable to meet the prevailing loadingrequirements, and there is no provision for any future extension. Instability of powersupply and low-voltage are serious problems and as a result, people in the area face a lotof hardship. Most importantly, the 33-kV system is fast becoming obsolete, and obtainingspares and replacements is becoming more and more difficult.


The upgraded grid station will have one transformer having a capacity of 13 MVA(replacing the existing 8 MVA transformer). The grid station will be fed through the new

3-8 August 2006DRT06VO2iES-S03

Description of the Project IESCO 6t" STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

132-kV Trar Khal-Hajira transmission line, which will also be constructed as part of theproposed project (further discussed later).


3.3.12 Conversion of Minhasa Grid Station, AJK

The existing Minhasa grid station is currently on 33-kV system. The existing system isunable to meet the prevailing loading requirements, and there is no provision for anyfuture extension. The grid station is being fed from the 33-kV transmission line fromMurree grid station. The transmission line passes through hilly terrain and faces frequentbreakdowns. Instability of power supply and low-voltage are also serious problems andas a result, people in the area face a lot of hardship. Most importantly, the 33-kV systemis fast becoming obsolete, and obtaining spares and replacements is becoming more andmore difficult.


The upgraded grid station will have one transformer having a capacity of 13 MVA(replacing the existing 10 MVA transformer). The grid station will be fed through the new132-kV Murree-Minhasa transmission line, which will also be constructed as part of theproposed project (further discussed later).


3.3.13 Extension of Fateh Jang Grid Station

Currently, the Fateh Jang grid station is providing 66-kV supply to Ahmadal grid station.Since the Ahmadal grid station is being upgraded to 132-kV (see Section 3.3.8), a 132-kV line bay will need to be added at the Fateh Jang grid station.

The grid station has ample space for the new line bay and associated equipment.Therefore no additional land will need to be acquired for the extension of the grid station.

3.3.14 Extension of Azad Pattan Grid Station

Currently, the Azad Paetan grid station is providing 33-kV supply to the Plandri gridstation. Since the Plandri grid station is being upgraded to 132-kV (see Section 3.3.10),a 132-KV line bay will need to be added at the Azad Pattan grid station.


3-9 August 2006DRT06Vo21ES-S03

Description of the Project IESCO 6t' STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

3.3.15 Extension of Choa Saidan Shah Grid Station

The Dandot grid station is being upgraded to 132-kV (see Section 3.3.6), and it will befed from the existing 132-kV Choa Saidan Shah grid station. Therefore, a 132-kV linebay will need to be added at this grid station.


3.3.16 Extension of Murree Grid Station

Currently, the Murree grid station is providing 33-kV supply to the Minhasa grid station.Since the Minhasa grid station is being upgraded to 132-kV (see Section 3.3.12), a 132-kV line bay will need to be added at the Murree grid station.


3.3.17 Extension of Trar Khal Grid Station (AJK)

The Hajira and Plandri grid stations are being upgraded to 132-kV (see Sections 3.3.10and 3.3.11), and these will be fed from the existing 132-kV Trar Khal grid station.Therefore, two 132-kV line bays will need to be added at this grid station.

The grid station has ample space for the new line bays and associated equipment.Therefore no additional land will need to be acquired for the extension of the grid station.

3.3.18 Extension of Pir Wadhai Grid Station (Rawalpindi)

The proposed MES grid station will be fed from the existing Pir Wadhai grid station (seeSection 3.3.3), therefore a 132-kV line bay will need to be added at this grid station.


3.3.19 Augmentation of Nilore Grid Station

The existing 13 MVA transformers at the Nilore grid station are fully loaded, and there isno capacity for the growing load. The area is experiencing increasing electricity demandand this trend is expected to continue in the years to come. In order to give relief to theexisting system and to meet the future demand, the existing 13-MVA transformer will bereplaced with the one having a capacity of 26 MVA.

3.3.20 Augmentation of Rewat Grid Station

The existing 13 MVA transformers at the Rewat grid station are fully loaded, and there isno capacity for the growing load. Nine 1 1-kV feeders emanating from the Rewat 500-kVgrid station are required to be shifted to this grid station. Also, the area is experiencingincreasing electricity demand and this trend is expected to continue in the years to come.In order to accommodate the feeders from the 500-kV gird station, give relief to theexisting system and to meet the future demand, installation of a 26 MVA transformer hasbeen proposed at the grid station, replacing the existing 13 MVA transformer.

e 3-10 August 2006DRT06vO21ES-S03


3.3.21 Trar Khal to Hajira Transmission Line

The Hajira grid station is planned to be upgraded from 33-kV to 132-kV, and it will be fed

from the Trar Khal grid station (see Section 3.3.11). Therefore, a new 132-kV

transmission line will need to be constructed for this purpose. The proposed

transmission line is expected to be about 25 km long and will mostly follow the existing

33 kV transmission line between Trar Khal and Hajira.

Single circuit of the transmission line will be constructed on the single circuit towers. For

the line length of 25 km, approximately 75-80 towers would be required (based on

average tower-to-tower span of 330 m), though exact quantity would be determined once

the detailed design of the transmission line is carried out.

3.3.22 Trar Khal to Plandri Transmission Line

The Plandri grid station is planned to be upgraded from 33-kV to 132-kV, and it will be fed

from the Trar Khal grid station (see Section 3.3.10). Therefore, a new 132-kV

transmission line will need to be constructed for this purpose. The transmission line is

expected to be about 25 km long and will generally follow the existing 33 kV transmission

line.

Single circuit of the transmission line will be constructed on the double circuit towers. For

the line length of 25 km, approximately 75-80 towers would be required, though exact

quantity would be determined once the detailed design of the transmission line is carried

out.

3.3.23 Azad Pattan to Plandri Transmission Line

The Plandri grid station is planned to be upgraded from 33-kV to 132-kV, and it will be fed

from the Trar Khal grid station (see Section 3.3.10). Another 132-kV transmission line is

planned from the Azad Paftan grid station to the Plandri grid station. The existing system

in Trar Khal, Rawla Kot and adjacent areas is radial, ie, receives only one supply from

Mirpur. Another feed from the Azad PaKtan grid station will complete the ring system in

the area, ensuring greater system stability and reliability.

Single circuit of the transmission line will be constructed on the double circuit towers.The proposed transmission line route will generally follow the existing 33-kV line, and is

expected to be about 15 km in length. For this line length, approximately 45-50 towers

would be required, though exact quantity would be determined once the detailed design

of the transmission line is carried out.

3.3.24 Fateh Jang to Ahmadal to Pindi Gheb Transmission Line

The Ahmadal and Pindi Gheb grid stations are planned to be upgraded from 66-kV to

132-kV and will be fed from the Fateh Jang grid station (see Sections 3.3.8 and 3.3.9).

For this purpose, a new 132-kV transmission line will need to be constructed from the

Fateh Jang grid station to the Ahmadal grid station, and from there to the Pindi Gheb grid

station.

Single circuit of the transmission line will be constructed on the double circuit towers.

The proposed transmission line route will generally follow the existing 66-kV line, and is


Description of the Project IESCO 6'h STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

expected to be about 65 km in length. For this line length, approximately 200-210 towerswould be required, though exact quantity would be determined once the detailed designhas been carried out.

3.3.25 Choa Saidan Shah to Dandot Transmission Line

The Dandot grid station is planned to be upgraded from 66-kV to 132-kV and will be fedfrom the Choa Saidan Shah grid station (see Section 3.3.6). For this purpose, a new132-kV transmission line will need to be constructed from the Choa Saidan Shah gridstation to the Dandot grid station.

Single circuit of the transmission line will be constructed on the double circuit towers.The proposed transmission line route will generally follow the existing 66-kV line, and isexpected to be about 25 km in length. For this line length, approximately 75-80 towerswould be required, though exact quantity would be determined once the detailed designhas been carried out.

3.3.26 Dandot to Pinanwal Transmission Line

The Pinanwal grid station is planned to be upgraded from 66-kV to 132-kV and will be fedfrom the Dandot grid station (see Section 3.3.7). For this purpose, a new 132-kVtransmission line will need to be constructed from the Dandot grid station to the Pinanwalgrid station.

Single circuit of the transmission line will be constructed on the double circuit towers.The proposed transmission line route will generally follow the existing 66-kV line, and isexpected to be about 25 km in length. For this line length, approximately 75-80 towerswould be required, though exact quantity would be determined once the detailed surveyhas been carried out.

3.3.27 Chak Sawari to Kotil Transmission Line (AJK)

The existing Chak Sawari to Kotli transmission line is quite old with weak towers andlengthy spans. The line is overloaded with no provision to accommodate future loadgrowth. These factors cause major breakdowns and low-voltage problems.

In order to address the above problems, a new transmission line has been proposed toreplace the existing line.


3.3.28 Murree to Minhasa Transmission Line

The Minhasa grid station is proposed to be upgraded from 33-kV to 132 kV and will befed from the Murree grid station (see Section 3.3.12). For this purpose, a new 132-kVtransmission line will need to be constructed.


Description of the Project IESCO 6m STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report


3.3.29 Re-conductoring of University-Nilore Transmission Line

The existing transmission line between the Quid-e-Azam University grid station andNilore grid station is fully loaded, with no provision for any further load. The electricitydemand in the area is increasing, putting greater pressure on already overloaded system.In order to address this problem, a larger sized conductor is proposed to replace theexisting conductor of the transmission line. The length of the transmission line is about12.5 km.

3.3.30 ELR Works

The power distribution system in the IESCO network is generally heavily loaded resultingin low voltage, high distribution losses, and high rate of transformer failure. The quality ofthe power supply to the consumer particularly at the tail end of the feeders is very poor.

The reasons for high distribution transformer failure include over-loading due to growth innumber of consumers and electricity demand. The lengthy feeders particularly in therural areas are also a reason for high distribution losses and low-voltage. Yet anotherissue concerning the distribution is the congested HT and LT lines in dense urbancenters and narrow streets, posing a serious threat to life and property.

In order to solve the above problems, the following ELR activities have been included inthe proposed project to be undertaken during 2006-07:

* Rehabilitation of 30 HT (11 kV) feeders. This will include bifurcation of existingfeeders, re-conductoring, replacement of overloaded distribution transformers, andinstallation of capacitors.

• Rehabilitation of 575 LT (0.4 kV) lines. This will include new LT lines, LT line re-conductoring, PVC cables, replacement of earthing and replacement of loose joints.

* Replacement of 60,500 sluggish meters.

* Procurement of Tools and Plant.

Exhibit 3.6 provides a summary of the ELR works.

3A Pruject Implummhlltah

This section briefly describes the various activities that will be carried out during theimplementation of the proposed project.


Description of the Project IESCO 6' STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

3.4.1 Grid Stations

The sequence of activities which are carried out for the establishment of a new gridstation is provided below.2

* First of all, the location where the new grid station should be established is identified.This is carried out on the basis of load on the existing feeders, load on the nearbyexisting grid stations, lengths of the existing feeders, trend of the load growth andfuture outlook of the area.

* After the broad identification of the required location, availability of land isdetermined. Usually, 3 candidate sites are identified at this stage.

* In order to make the final selection, a committee of concemed departments (usuallyGSO, GSC and Planning) is constituted. After conducting the site inspection, the siteof the proposed grid station is finalized.

* WAPDA has traditionally been acquiring land through the district/city administration(now district govemment), following the procedure laid down in the Land AcquisitionAct. However, for the proposed project, IESCO plans to procure the required landthrough direct price negotiation with the land owner. Exhibit 3.7 provides a summaryof the land take for the proposed project.

* The site is surveyed and its contour plan developed. This activity is carried out bythe GSC department. Soil survey and geo-technical investigations are also carriedout at this stage.

* The contour plan and result of the above investigations are sent to the DesignDepartment.

* The Design Department prepares the detailed design of the grid station, including thecivil design, construction drawings, general layout plan and equipment details.

* Once the civil design is available, estimates are prepared and approvals obtainedfrom the concemed authority.

* Subsequent to the above, tendering and contract awarding is carried out for the civilconstruction.

* Parallel to the civil works, the grid station equipment (transformers, breakers,isolators, control panels, feeder panels and allied equipment) is obtained from thecentral stores.3

* The equipment is handed over to GSC Department, who installs it once the civilworks are complete.

* Once the installation is complete, the system is tested jointly by the GSO and GSCdepartments.

2 Because of the on-going re-structuring of WAPDA into the DISCOs and NTDC, some of theexisting procedures and responsibilities do need to be redefined. Some of the functions whichused to be centralized need to be distributed/replicated in the individual DISCOs.

3 For all future projects, DISCOs will be responsible for the procurement of all equipment andstore.

a 3-14 August 2006

DRT06VO21ES-So3


* After the testing, the grid station is commissioned and put into operation.

For the proposed project, some of the grid station works can be implemented throughturn-key contract, where the contractor is responsible for the supply, installation andcommissioning of the entire grid station.

Furthermore, in view of the extent of the works under the proposed project, IESCO mayemploy a supervision consultant, in order to ensure quality of the construction, installationand testing works.

3.4.2 Laying of Transmission Line and Feeders

The sequence of activities which are carried out for the laying of transmission lines and11 -kV feeders is provided below.

* First of all a reconnaissance site visit is carried out by the GSC Department in orderto determine feasible routes for the transmission line.

* Three candidate routes are marked on the map, and sent to the Design Department.

* The Design Department approves one of the routes.

* The GSC carries out detailed survey (plain tabling as well as profiling) of theapproved route.

* The results of the detailed survey are sent to the Design Department.

* The Design Department prepares the detailed design.

* Material is procured after tendering.

* Tendering for the construction works is carried out and contract awarded.

* Construction activities are started by demarcating the tower locations. Temporaryright of way (RoW) is required along the transmission line route to carry out theconstruction activities. Additional temporary RoW is required for the routes to accessthe transmission line corridor/tower locations during the construction phase.

* Compensation is determined and disbursed for damaged crops and affectedstructures if any, (the relevant procedures to be adopted during the proposed projectare discussed later in the document).

* Excavation for tower foundation is carried out subsequent to the above. Appropriatemachinery is employed for this purpose, such as excavator. In the hilly/rocky areas,blasting is also sometimes needed for excavation. Once excavation is complete,construction of the tower foundation is taken in hand. Towers are erectedsubsequent to this.

* Once towers are erected, stringing is carried out and accessories (insulators, etc.)installed.

* After the completion of installation activities described above, testing is carried out.After that the line is commissioned and put into operation.


Description of the Project IESCO 6t STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

3.5 lOeratium and Maintenance ActiMes

The operation and maintenance (O&M) activities of grid stations and transmission linesare briefly described below.

* Operation Activities

* The grid stations are manned round the clock and important parameters (such asvoltage, load and power factor) monitored. Daily log sheets are filled, recordingthe key data.

*. Any abnormality is recorded and concemed departments informed for takingremedial measures.

* Scheduled Maintenance

* Checking/testing of transformers (further discussed below)

*. Testing of breakers

* Testing of protection system

* Transmission line patrolling

*. Washing/replacement of insulators

*. Emergency Maintenance

*. Locating the fault

* Carrying out repairs or replacements, as needed

* Restoring the system to the normal operating conditions.

Maintenance of Transformers

Power transformer repairs: The minor repairs for the power transformers are carriedout at the grid stations, however for the major repairs, the transformers are transported tothe WAPDA's Power Transformer Reclamation Workshop at Kot Lakhpat, Lahore.IESCO, much like the other DISCOs, intends to utilize the same facility in the future aswell.

Distribution transformer repairs: No field repair is allowed for the distributiontransformers. If the transformers are damaged within two years of their delivery, they areretumed to the suppliers. If damaged after this period, the transformers are sent to theDistribution Transformer Reclamation Workshop at Nowshera. IESCO has alsodeveloped its own workshop at Wah as well, and minor repairs are now carried at thisfacility.

Transformer oil testing: The dielectric strength of the transformer oil filled in the powertransformers is tested every year at the gird stations. For this purpose, a simple devicecalled the oil testing set is used. Oil sample is taken out of the transformer and testperformed. A record is maintained for these yearly tests. No action is taken if the testresults are within the prescribed limits. However, if the dielectric strength of thetransformer oil is found to be less than the allowable limits, the oil is replaced.

_ 3-16 August 2006

DRT06VO21ES-S03


After every five years, a more comprehensive test is carried out for the transformer oil.Three oil samples are taken from each transformer and sent to the WAPDA's HighVoltage and Research Laboratory in Faisalabad. At the Laboratory, the following testsare carried out:

*. Flash point

* Viscosity

* Moisture

* Gas contents

* Dielectric strength.

Currently, no tests are performed to check the presence of poly-chlorinated biphenyl(PCB) in the transformer oil, though the transformer specifications include a clause thatthe oil should be PCB-free.

Transformer Oil Disposal: The transformer oil is mostly recycled in the transformerworkshops. The unusable waste oil is disposed through contractors. WAPDAprocedures include a list of approved firms for the disposal of the used transformer oil.

Not much is known about the fate of the waste oil leaving the workshops, however theprobable end uses include burning in brick kilns, oil recycling facilities, miscellaneousworks in small workshops and even as a massaging oil (thought to be useful for jointpains).4

4 Assessment of the waste disposal practices in the transformer maintenance workshops was notincluded in the scope of the present study. The information given here is partly based upon theanecdotal sources.


Description of the Project IESCO 6" STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Exhibit 3.1: IESCO's Technical Profile

132 kV grid stations (numbers) 48



Customer grid stations (IESCO maintained) (numbers) 3

Customer grid stations (Customer maintained) (numbers) 12

NTDC grid stations (numbers) 5

Peak load demand (MW) 1,187

Power transformers (numbers) 128

Power transformers' installed capacity (MVA) 2,275

Transmission line (km) 2,814

HT lines (km) 17,503

LT lines (km) 19,967

11 kV feeders (numbers) 651

Distribution transformers (numbers) 29,553

Distribution transformation capacity (MVA) 2,652

3-18 August 2006DRTo6VO21ES-S03

Description of the Project IESCO 6"t STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Exhibit 3.2: IESCO System

(Please see the following page.)


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s-1"3mRe 0 0"YDOU STATION W : Ref:- IESCO-ESA-002 Date: June 2006

Description of the Project IESCO 6"' STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Exhibit 3.3: Transmission Lines in IESCO's Area

* Double Circuit 220 kV Transmission Lines

* from Tarbela to Burhan

* from Mangla to Burhan

* Double Circuit 132 kKV Transmission Lines

* from Burhan to New Wah

* from Burhan to Zero Point, Rawal and AEC

* from Mangla to AEC

* from New Wah to Attock

* from Attock to HIT

p from HIT to Fecto

P from Old Rewat to New Rewat

* Single Circuit 132 kV Transmission Lines

* from Burhan to KTM, Bakra Mandi, Rewat, Gujar Khan, Dina, Jhelum, Saragowah,

Mangla (R) and Mangla.

* from Bakra Mandi to Attock Refinery

* from AEC to Kahuta and Rewat

* from Kahuta to Kahuta City and Azad Pattan

* form Gujar Khan to Jatli and Chakwal

* from Qaid-e-Azam University to Murree

P from New Wah to i) POF East, North and West; ii) Taxila Cement Factory, Tarbela R and

NC.

* from Taxila to Fecto Cement

* from Mangla to i) Mirpur and Kotli; ii) Mangla (L), Rajar and Kharian

* from Kharian to Bhimber, Rasul, Lalamusa, Gujrat-I and Gurat-ll

* from Gujrat-I to Shadiwal and Magowal

* from Mangla to Old Rewat

p from Burhan to Faqirabad, Kamra and Sanjwal.

* Single Circuit 66 KV Transmission Lines

* from New Wah to i) Fateh Jang, Pindi Gheb, Kalar Kahar, Basal, Jand and Lakrimar; ii)

Old Wah

* from Rasul to Mandi Bhauddin and Malakwal

P. from Chakwal to i) Chua Saidan Shah and Dandot ii) Noorpur Sethi; iii) Talagang

P from Mianwali to D.S. Balawal, Talagang, Basal, Tamman, Fateh Jang and Ahmadal.



Exhibit 3.4: Grid Stations in IESCO's Area

* Ahmadal * Kharian

* Attock Refinery, Rawalpindi * Kotli

* Azad Pattan * Kohinoor Textile Mills (KTM), Rawalpindi

* AEC * Lakar Mar

* Bagh * Mangla (R)

* Bakra Mandi, Rawalpindi * Mangla (L)

* Baragowa * Mirpur

* Basal * Murree

* Bhagwal * Muzaffarabad

* Cantt., Rawalpindi * National Police Foundation, Rawalpindi

* Chaklala, Rawalpindi * Nilore

* Chakwal * Noor Pur Sethi

* Chak Sawari * Padshahan

* Dandot * Pinanwal

* Dina * Pindi Gheb

* D. S. Bilawal * Pir Wadhai

* Faqirabad * Plandri

* Fateh Jang * POF Wah East

* Fecto Cement, Rawalpindi * POF Wah West

* Farooqia Cement, Taxila * POF Wah North

* Gondal * Quid-e-Azam University, Islamabad

* Gujar Khan * Rajar

* Hajira * Rawla Kot

* Jand * Rawal

* Islamabad E-8 * Rewat New

* Islamabad F-11 * Sangjani

* Islamabad Industrial Area (Sector 1-10) * Sanjwal

* Islamabad Sector G-5 * Sowan

* Islamabad Sector G-6/1 * Shadiwal

* Islamabad H-11 * Taimur Shaheed

* Islamabad Sector 1-8 * Talagang

* Jatli * Tamman

* Jhelum * Taxila

* Kahuta * Trar Khal

* Kahuta City * Wah New

* Kamalabad * Zero Point, Islamabad.

* Kamra


Description of the Project IESCO 6" STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Exhibit 3.5: Project Components



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Legend: Assignrnent: SPrject: 6.. STG and ELR

New Transmission Line Client: IESCO

New Grid Station 0Source: Data Provided by IESCO

Title:

Grid Station Conversion

Augmentation Project Components

ExtensionRef IESCO-ESA-001 J 2


Exhibit 3.6: Summary of ELR Works

Electricity Circle LT Works HT Works Replacement of ToolsSluggish Energy and Plant

Meters

Islamabad 98 2 TCity 194 11

Aftock 80 | 8

Jhelum E 95 1 5 f

Chakwal 108 1 4

Total 575 30 i 60,500 1 Set

Exhibit 3.7: Land to be Acquired for the Project

Description Land Take Number ofLandowners/Affectees

New grid stations (qty: 4) 16 acres (4 acres for each 3grid station) (IESCO owns the Adyala(permanent land take) Road GS site; MES GS

site is State-owned)

A.=N 3-25 August 2006DRT06VO21ES-S03

IESCO 6'n STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

4 DBscnpton of tie Environment

This Chapter describes the environmental conditions of the project area before thecommencement of the proposed activities. The environmental baseline in this Chapteraddresses the physical and biological aspects of the project area.

Since the proposed project components are located in different parts of the IESCO area(see Exhibit 3.5 for the location of project components), a generic overview of theenvironmental conditions of this entire area is presented. A more specific description ofthe immediate surroundings of various project components is provided separately, whereappropriate. This site specific description is augmented by the schematic diagram of thegrid station locations as well as transmission line routes - provided at the end of thisChapter, and photographs - provided in Appendix C of this report. In view of theabsence of any major development activities underway at or around the project sites orany other natural/anthropogenic phenomenon, the environmental conditions of the projectsites are unlikely to experience any significant change before the project commencement.

4.1 Physical Envirhnment

4.1.1 Physiography and Geology

The project area falls in two distinct regions on the basis of the physical environment andgeology (Atlas of Pakistan, 1997). These are:

1. The Northern Mountainous Region

2. The Potwar (or Potohar) Plateau and the Salt Range

These are briefly described below.

The Northem Mountainous Region. The region consists of the Himalayas, theKarakoram, and the Hindukush. The region contains a series of high mountains,separated by intervening valleys. A variety of igneous, metamorphic and sedimentaryrocks exhibit a large variation in the makeup of the soil parent material.

Most of the mountain ranges of Himalayas have steep slopes to the south and gentleslopes towards north. On the basis of altitude and mode of formation, the Himalayas inthe country can be classified into Great Himalayas, Lesser Himalayas and OuterHimalayas. The Great Himalayas comprise inner most line of high ranges, located in thenorth-most parts of the country, in Gilgit, Baltistan and parts of Kohistan area in NWFP.The Lesser Himalayas consist of intricate systems of mountain ranges closely relatedwith the Great Himalayas but of lesser elevation. In Pakistan, they form the mountainranges of Hazara and Kashmir and extend into the hill ranges of Galiat and Murree. TheOuter Himalayas, also known as Siwalik Ranges, are widely distributed among thefoothills of the Himalayas. They form a system of low hills, and extend to Potohar, Kohat,Parachinar and Waziristan in the west, and eastern Kashmir and Jammu in the east.


Description of the Environment IESCO 6 ' STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Parts of the project area (Murree - Minhasa, Kotli - Chak Swari, and Azad Pattan -Plandri - Trar Khal - Hajira) fall in the Lesser and Outer Himalayas.

The Potwar Plateau and the Salt Range. The Potwar (or Potohar) Plateau has a flat togently undulating surface, broken by gullies, which is a typical example of acceleratederosion. The Plateau slopes from northeast to southwest, and mostly drains into theIndus River through its main hydrological artery, the Soan River. The Salt Rangepresents a complete geological sequence from Pre-Cambrian to the late Tertiary periods.

The Potohar Upland, commonly called the Potohar Plateau, spreading over 2.2 million-hectare of Punjab Province, lies to the south of northem mountains and is flanked in thewest by River Indus and in the east by River Jhelum. This 1,000-2,000 feet (305-610 m)upland is a typical arid landscape with denuded and broken terrain characterized byundulations and irregularities. These are a few outlying spurs of Salt Range in the south,and those of Kheri Murat and Kala Chitta Range in the north. Two seasonal streams -Rivers Haro and River Soan - flow from east to the west and after crossing the region inthe north and in the middle respectively, fall in the Indus. River Kanshi traverses theeastem part of the plateau from north to south and drains into River Jhelum. Theserivers and other hill torrents have cut deep valleys and are of little use for irrigation.Agriculture is thus almost entirely dependent on rainfall of 15-20 inches (380-500 mm)'and on the small dams built in the catchment areas of the streams.

Parts of the project area (such as Rawalpindi, Islamabad, Fatehjang - Ahmadal - PindiGheb, and Choa Saidan Shah - Dandot - Pinanwal) fall in the Potohar Plateau.

Geological Setting: The prevailing geologic conditions in the region are the results ofextensive inundation, depositions, coastal movements, and erosions over a long period oftime in the geological ages. Consequently, the region is one of folded mountains withsharp peaks, ridges, and a deeply incised youthful drainage system. The rock types arepredominantly sedimentary.

The geology of the region is closely related to the formation process of Himalayan rangesresulting in intense deformation with complex folding, high angle strike-slip faults andcrust thickening expressed in a series of thrust faults. The important tectonic changeswhich have had so much influence in the region are feebly visible, and it is only byconsidering the geology on a broader regional scale, as well as in site specific detail, thatthe effects can be appreciated.

4.1.2 Meteorology, Climate and Air Quality

Meteorology

The climate of mnost parts of the Project Area is semi-arid characterized by four districtseasons in a year, that is, winter from Mid-November to February, spring during Marchand April summer from May to Mid-September and autumn from Mid-September to Mid-November. There exist several meteorological stations in the project area; data recordedat some of these stations is provided in the following sections.

The rainfall indicated is representative for most of the Potwar Plateau. However, Rawalpindiand Islamabad, which are located at the edge of the Plateau, receive more rainfall (about1,000 mm annually), as discussed in Section 5.1.2.


Description of the Environment IESCO 6th STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Temperatures

June is the hottest month in most parts of the project area, with mean daily maximumtemperature recorded as 40.5 OC in the project area. January is the coldest month in thearea, with the mean daily minimum temperature recorded as 2.6 OC.

Mean daily maximum, mean daily minimum temperatures of various districts in theproject area are presented in Exhibits 4.1 to 4.3.2 This meteorological data isrepresentative for most parts of the Potohar. Exhibit 4.4 provides this data for Mangla,which can be taken as the representative data for southern parts of AJK. Exhibits 4.5and 4.6 provide meteorological data for Murree and Muzaffarabad, respectively, which isrepresentative for the northern hills of the project area.

HumidityJuly, August and September are the most humid months in the area, whereas May andJune are the least humid months. Average monthly RH values at various locations in theproject area are provided in Exhibits 4.1 to 4.6.3

Rainfall

Average annual rainfall in the project area ranges between 853 mm and 1,142 mm.Maximum rainfall (about 60% of the total annual) occurs during the Monsoon season(July, August and September), while the period of minimum rainfall or drier period isOctober and November.

Mean monthly rainfall data of various locations within the project area is provided inExhibits 4.1 to 4.6.4

Wind Speed and Direction

The area experiences westerly and northwesterly winds during winters and springseason, and southerly and southeasterly winds during summers and monsoons. Windspeeds are low during winters, picking up during spring season, and peaking during thesummer months. The maximum wind speed recorded has been 40 knots, during May.The wind data for various project locations is provided in Exhibits 4.7 and 4.8.5

Climate

Pakistan's latitudinal and longitudinal extents and its northern rim of lofty mountains, arethe two factors, which have a great bearing not only on the temperature and rainfallpatterns, but also on the general circulation of the atmosphere on the southern Asia.

2 Temperature Normnals recorded for the period 1961 to 1990. Source: District Census Reports.(Norrnals for the period subsequent to 1990 are not published yet.)

3 Humidity Normals recorded for the period 1961 to 1990. Source: District Census Reports.(Normals for the period subsequent to 1990 are not published yet.)

4 Rainfall Nornals recorded for the period 1961 to 1990. Source: District Census Reports.(NorTnals for the period subsequent to 1990 are not published yet.)

5 Wind Norrnals recorded for the period 1961 to 1990. Source: Pakistan MeteorologicalStation, Islamabad. (Normals for the period subsequent to 1990 are not published yet.)

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Description of the Environment IESCO 6" STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Climate of Pakistan according to Koppen's classification6 falls under the following fivetypes:

Tropical Semi-arid with Dry Winter: This climate type prevails in Karachi, Hyderabad,and southem Khairpur Division. The mean annual temperature is above 18 OC.

Tropical Arid: This is characterized by average annual temperature of about 18 OC withdry winters. This includes southern Kalat and whole of the Indus Plain.

Cold Semi-arid With Dry Summer: This climate type covers central Kashmir,Peshawar, D.l. Khan, Quetta and northern half of Kalat Division.

Snow Forest Climate: This climate type is characterized by average temperature ofcoldest month below 0 OC. Mean temperature of the warmest month is between 10 and22 OC. It includes northern mountainous areas and parts of Kashmir.

Extreme Cold: Having average temperature of the warmest months between 10 and0 0C. It comprises eastern and northern parts of Kashmir, Chitral, Gilgit and Laddakh.

Based upon the above classification, most parts of the proposed project area falling in thePotohar Plateau are included in the Tropical Arid climate zone, except for Murree andadjacent AJK areas, which fall in the snow-forest climate zone.

Ambient Air Quality

The project locations where the air pollution is likely to be exceeding the acceptable limitsinclude the following:

* MES grid station

* Feed for the above (transmission line from Pir Wadhai grid station to MES grid stationsite)

* Adyala Road grid station.

The primary source of air pollution at the above sites is the vehicular emissions, and thekey pollutants likely to be found at these locations include carbon monoxide (CO), oxidesof nitrogen (NOx), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and particulate matter (PM). A typical air qualitydata for the Rawalpindi City is presented in Exhibit 4.9, which can be used as a genericambient air quality baseline for these locations.7

The remaining project components (grid stations sites and transmission line routes) arelocated well outside the metropolitan centers. There does not exist any large industry orany other significant pollution source near these sites/routes either. As a result, theambient air quality of these sites is expected to be well within the acceptable limits, andno major criteria pollutants are likely to be found in excess of the limits prescribed bynational and international standards (see Section 2.2.3 for the ambient air quality andemission standards).

6 Climatic Regions of West Pakistan, Pakistan Geographical Review. Kazi, S. A.,1 952.7 A site-specific air quality baseline will be established before site mobilization at each grid

station site (further discussed in EMP later in the document).

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Description of the Environment IESCO 6"' STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

4.1.3 Water Resources

There are two major rivers in the project area: the Indus River, which flows along thewestern boundary of the IESCO area, and the Jhelum River, which flow in the easternparts of the project area. In addition, there are several smaller tributaries of these riversin the project area. Exhibit 4.10 shows the two major rivers and their tributaries thatexist in the project area.

The rivers in the area exhibit great seasonal variations, with more than 80% of the totalannual flow occurring during the summer months, peaking in June, July and August. Oneof the prominent features of the area is the existence of numerous surface water drains(see Exhibit 4.10). These are essentially rainwater drains, experiencing minimal flow(base flow) during the dry season and considerable flow during the rains. While passingthrough the urban enters/large settlements, such water streams receive a large quantityof mostly untreated sewerage, sometimes tuming these streams into sewerage drains(ganda nullah). Nullah Lai passing through the Rawalpindi City is one such example.

A common feature of barani (rain-fed) areas is that agriculture is not developed due toerratic and uncertain precipitation and loss of rainwater due to rapid run-off. The highvelocity rain water flow generated by steep slopes of the plateau also causes acuteproblems of erosion of fertile land. In order to address the problem of soil erosion and toconserve rainwater for agricultural development, the construction of small dams offerspromising prospects.

Potohar Plateau is the main focus of small dams projects in the Punjab Province. As oneof the measures for increasing agricultural output in rain fed areas of Potohar Plateau inPunjab, a programme of construction of small dams was initiated in early 1960s in theRawalpindi Division".

In order to plan and implement the construction of small dams in the barani (rain-fed)areas of the Punjab Province, the Small Dams Organization was established in theIrrigation Department, now the Punjab Irrigation and Drainage Authority (PIDA). Thisorganization is responsible for identifying potential dam sites, collecting hydrological,hydraulic, geo-technical and other needed data, conducting feasibility studies, preparingdetailed designs and constructing small dams and allied irrigation network. A total of 31small dams have so far been constructed in the Punjab Province, which provide irrigationfacilities to about 36,000 acres (14,569 ha) of land. Under the Small Dams UmbrellaProject (1987-95), 12 small dams have been constructed, along with comprehensivemeasures for command area development, fisheries development and institutionalstrengthening at a total cost of Rs. 895.575 million. Exhibit 4.10 shows the dams in thearea.

The project area (Potohar plateau and Salt Range) primarily falls in one of the fourhydrogeological zones found in Punjab; the other three being piedmont areas, alluvialplains and Cholistan desert. The total groundwater potential in the province (42.75 MAF)is based upon rainfall recharge (9.90 MAF), groundwater recharge (7.08 MAF), recharge

' 'Division' used to be an administrative unit comprising several districts. With the introductionof the District Governments, this entity is now abolished.

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from rivers (3.5 MAF), and recharge from the irrigation system (21.70 MAF).9 However,of this total potential, the share of Potohar and Salt Range is expected to be quite small,since the major portion of the canal irrigation system - providing about 50% of the totalrecharge - is outside this area.

Water Quality

The water quality of Indus River and its tributaries is generally considered excellent forirrigation purposes. The total dissolved solids (TDS) range from 60 mg/l in the upperreaches to 375 mg/l in the lower reaches of the Indus, which are reasonable levels forirrigated agriculture and also as raw water for domestic use.

In the upper reaches of the Indus River, the Dissolved Oxygen (DO) content remainsabove 8.5 mg/l which is well above the acceptable levels of 4 mg/I. The BiochemicalOxygen Demand (BOD) downstream of Attock has been recorded as 2.9 mg/l. Themajor source of anthropogenic pollution in the river waters is the uncontrolled anduntreated discharges from cites, settlements and industries, and water qualityimmediately downstream of major towns is usually well below the acceptable limits.

The groundwater quality varies greatly across the project area, though fresh groundwateris generally available throughout the area. The key water quality parameters of some ofthe locations in the project area are tabulated in Exhibit 4.11.10

4.2 Biological Reseurces

This section provides an overview of the ecozones, wild flora and fauna, and the habitatconditions prevailing in the project area. The description in this section has beenprepared on the basis of secondary literature review, and field visits carried out in thearea during this ESA and earlier assignments.

4.2.1 Ecozones of Project Area

The project area can broadly be distributed in the following four distinct ecozones:

* Moist Temperate Coniferous Forests Ecozone

* Cheer Pine Forest Ecozone

* Tropical Deciduous Forest Ecozone

* Arid Sub-Tropical Forests Ecozone.

These ecozones have been greatly modified and/or deteriorated where the settlements orcultivation fields exist, particularly in the urban areas, where the habitat has completelybeen changed.

These ecozones and the associated floral as well as faunal species are described below.

9 Source: Pakistan's Groundwater Reservoir and its Sustainability. Muhammad Amin, MemberWater, WAPDA.

10 Site-specific water analyses will be carried out at all the grid station locations and campsitesbefore the mobilization of the contractor/construction crew, in order to establish the baselineconditions.

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Description of the Environment IESCO 6mt STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Moist Temperate Coniferous Forests Ecozone

This zone starts at about 6,500 feet above sea mean level (amsl). This habitat is mostlyfound in the upper reaches of Murree, Galiat, parts of AJK, parts of northem NWFP andthe Northern Areas. Its upper limit is higher than the mountains of the project area. ThisEcozone is intemationally known as hotspot of bird species. The forest vegetationcomprises of mix of conifers and broad-leaved species. The main forest trees are BluePine or Kail Pinus wallichiana, Yew - Burmi Taxus baccata, Silver Fir Abies pindrow, ElmTree Ulmus wallichiana, Oak - Barungi Quercus dilatata, Oak - Ban I Reen Quercusincana, Horse-chestnut - Bankhor Aesculus incana, Maple Acer caesium, Poplar -Palach Populus ciliata, Bird Cherry Prunus padus. The undershrubs of the forest areBerberis ceratophylla, Berberis lycium, Lonicera alpigena, Viburnum nervosum, Skimmialaureola, Voila, Impatiens, Indigofera and many more.

The faunal species of the ecozone are listed in Exhibit 4.12.

Cheer Pine Forest Ecozone

The Moist Temperate Coniferous Forests Ecozone, at its lower margin at about6,500 feet amsl blends with Cheer Pine forest. This ecozone is usually found atintermediate heights, and is scaftered in various parts of northern Punjab, northernNWFP and parts of Balochistan. This forest belt remains above about 3,000 feet amsl.Cheer Pine dominates, hence the name of this Ecozone. However, Quercus incana growon cooler aspects and in depressions of the slopes where the soil is some what deeper.The understorey is sparse, especially the shrub layer, and in some sites un-decomposedpine needles form a thick mat covering of the forest floor. Among the shrubs Berberislycium, Myrsine africana, and Carissa opaca are found in varing proportion dependingupon their distribution at different slopes and aspects. Rumex hastatus is one of thecommonest small shrubs among the rocks. Other species that are found in this zoneincludes Plectranthus coetsa, Rubus fruticosus, Teucrium quadrifarium, Vitisjacquemontii, Geranium himalayense, Inula cappa, and Woodfordia fruticosa.

A large number of herbaceous plant species such as Viola sp., Micromeria biflora,Adiantum incisum, Galium sp., Plectranthus sp., Geranium spp., Fragaria sp., and Rubussp grow here. This herbaceous cover has mostly perennial or annual plants. Among thegrasses, Themeda sp., Aristada Cyanantha and Heteropogon contortus are wellrepresented.


Tropical Deciduous Forest Ecozone

This ecozone is primarily found in the Himalayan foothills. It has deciduous tree speciesof Indo-Malayan origin: Acacia modesta, Bauhinia variegata, Cassia fistula, Ficus carica,Shorea robusta, Salmalia malabarica, Streculia villosa, Punica granatum, and Lanneacoromandelica. The understorey comprises of Dodonea, viscose, Woodfordia fruiticosa,Carissa spinarum, Adhatoda vasica, and Zizyphus mauritiana.

The fauna of this zone is almost the same as that of the Cheer Pine Ecozone listed inExhibit 4.13, except the Barking deer untiacus muntjack and the Pangolin Maniscrassicaudata, which are found in the tropical deciduous ecozone.

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Description of the Environment IESCO 6t" STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Arid Sub-Tropical Forests Ecozone

This zone covers whole of the Potohar Plateau and the Salt range. It is dominated byAcacia modesta, Olea cuspidate and on dry slopes Dodonea viscos. Other flora consistsof Tecomella undulata, Monotheca buxifolia, Eryngium billardieri, Adhatoda vasica,Witbania coagulans, Cymbopogon jawarancusa, Cynodon dsactylon, Calligonumpolygonoides, Haloxylon salicomicum, Leptadenia pyrotechnica,Fagonia cretica,Euphorbia prostrata,Dipterygium glaucum, Tribulus terrestris, Digiteria bicomis, Capparisaphylla, Hetropogon contotuis,Rhazya stricta; Saccharum munja, Grewia tenax, Zizyphusnummularia, Cynglossum lanceolatum, Monothca buxifolia and Prosopis spicigera. It ismostly modified into agriculture habitat and overgrazed, eroded rangeland.


4.2.2 Protected Areas

There exist one national park, six wildlife sanctuaries and six game reserves in theproject area. A list of these protected areas is provided in Exhibit 4.15. However, noneof the project components are located inside, or in the immediate vicinity of theseprotected areas.

4.3 Envirenmental Hct Spots

The following areas can be categorized as the environmental hot spots in the projectarea:

* The moist temperate forest ecozone, described in Section 4.2.1 earlier in thisChapter, in view of its rich biodiversity, and its role in receiving rains in summersand snow in winters.

* Protected areas, described in Section 4.2.2, in view of their preciousenvironmental resources and legal status.

Around 5 km of the proposed Murree - Minhasa transmission line would be located in themoist temperate forest ecozone. However, none of the project components are locatedinside the protected areas, as mentioned earlier.

4A Description of Grid StaUen Sites and Transmissisn Ulne Routes

Salient information along different transmission line segments and of the grid station sitesis provided in the following sections (Exhibit 4.16 charts these project componentsagainst the ecozones defined in Section 4.2.1).

4.4.1 Murree - Minhasa Transmission Line Route

The Murree grid station is located at Kuldana, on the Rawalpindi-Murree Road. Thegeneral land use in the area is commercial and residential.

From Kuldana, the transmission line route heads towards east, south of the Murree Roadfor about 2-3 kilometers. The area has a conifer forest cover, with some settlementsalong the route.


Description of the Environment IESCO 6't STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

The transmission line route tums north and crosses the Murree Road. The area is wellforested with conifer trees, with no settlements.

The route passes about 500 m north of Mohra Sharif (which is about 5 km east ofMurree), which is 2-3 km north of the Murree - Bhurban road. Beyond this point, theroute passes through sparse vegetation with thin tree population.

The route continues along the Murree - Bhurban - Kohala road, avoiding settlements.The terrain is undulating with sparse tree population.

The route crosses the old Murree - Lower Topa - Kohala road near Lower Berot, on thewestern bank (right bank) of the Jhelum River. The route crosses Jhelum River about 2-3 km south of the Kohala bridge. After river crossing, the transmission line route goesfurther eastward to the Minhasa Grid Station. The area has sparse tree cover.

Exhibit 4.17 presents a schematic diagram of the proposed transmission line route, whileSection D.7 of Appendix D provides details of the route with the key environmental andsocial features. See photographs of the route in Section C.1 of Appendix C.

No significant developmental activities are being undertaken along the proposed route.

4.4.2 Azad Patan to Plandri Transmission Line Route

Azad Patan Grid Station is located on the westem bank (right bank) of Jhelum River.There exist no settlements or any other structure in the vicinity.

The transmission line route crosses the River just adjacent to the Grid Station. The routeclimbs the hill towards Plandri Grid Station. There are a few settlements in the area,though the transmission line will avoid passing over them.



4.4.3 Plandri to Trar Khal Transmission Line Route

The transmission line generally follows the road alignment in the hilly terrain. The routecrosses the road several times. The area has scattered settlements and patches ofcultivation fields.


No significant developmental activities are being undertaken along the proposed route,except the road repairs.

4.4.4 Trar Khal to Hajira Transmission Line Route

The transmission line generally follows the road alignment in the hilly terrain. The routecrosses the road several times. The area has sparse population with occasional terracedcultivation.


Descrption of the Environment IESCO 6" STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report



4.4.5 Kotli to Chak Sawari Transmission Line Route

The transmission line generally follows the road alignment in the hilly terrain. The routecrosses the road several times. Sparse population exists in the area with occasionalcultivation.



4.4.6 Fateh Jang to Ahmadal Transmission Line Route

The transmission line runs through the barani (rain-fed) cultivation fields several kmsoutheast of the Fateh Jang - Pindi Gheb Road. The terrain is generally flat with someoccasional undulations. The area has sparse population. The route crosses the roadnear Ahmadal Grid Station.



4.4.7 Ahmadal to Pindi Gheb Transmission Line Route

The transmission line runs through the barani cultivation fields about 1 km west of theFateh Jang - Pindi Gheb Road. The terrain is similar to the Fateh Jang - Ahmadalsegment, with generally flat terrain with some small ridges and undulations. The areahas sparse population.



4.4.8 Choa Saidan Shah to Dandot Transmission Line Route

The route runs through the salt range, generally visible from the road. The routedescends to the valley near Dandot Cement factory and proceeds to the Dandot GridStation. There are few settlements along the route.


Description of the Environment IESCO 6'h STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report



4.4.9 Dandot to Pinanwal Transmission Line Route

The Transmission line route crosses the road near Pind Dadan Khan. The route runs atabout 1 km north of the road leading to Head Rasool and onward to Jhelum. The area isplain and mostly barren with occasional cultivation with few settlements.



4.4.10 Sohawa Grid Station and its Feed

The site is located along the road leading from Sohawa to Chakwal, a few hundredmeters south of the GT Road. The land is currently cultivated with no structure on it.There exists sparse population in the area. The terrain is terraced, slightly slopingtowards east with no water body or any other significant land geographical feature. Theland is privately owned.

Exhibit 4.26 presents a schematic diagram of the proposed transmission line route, whileSection D.7 of Appendix D provides details of the route with the key environmental andsocial features. See photographs of the area in Section C.6 of Appendix C.

No significant developmental activities are being undertaken in the area.

4.4.11 Bahter More Grid Station and its Feed

The site is located along the Bahter More a few km south of the GT road. The land iscurrently cultivated with no structure on it. The area is generally flat with no water bodyor undulations on the site or in the surroundings. There exists sparse population in thearea, with no settlements adjacent to the site. The land is privately owned.


No significant developmental activities are being undertaken in the area, except for somehousing projects.

4.4.12 Adyala Road Grid Station and its Feed

The site is situated along the Adyala road. There are commercial as well residentialbuildings in the surroundings. The area is generally flat with no tree cover, water body orany other significant feature. The land is owned by WAPDA (now IESCO).


Description of the Environment IESCO 6t STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report



4.4.13 Gangal Grid Station Site and its Feed

The site is located near the Judicial Colony a few hundred meters east of the IslamabadHighway. The land is lying vacant with no structure on it. There exists sparse populationin the area, with no settlements adjacent to the site. The land is privately owned.



4.4.14 MES Grid Station Site and its Feed

The site is located inside the Rawalpindi's Cantonment area, near the Arms ForcesInstitute of Transfusion (AFIT) and Qasim Market, about a kilometer south of the MallRoad. The route of the proposed transmission line feeding the grid station would runalong the road leading to the Choor Chowk, avoiding passing over the residential andcommercial areas. At the Choor Chowk, the route would join the Mall Road, and run onthe road median. The transmission line will then follow the Qasim Market road, using theexisting RoW, on its way to the proposed site for the MES grid station.

Exhibit 4.30 presents a schematic diagram of the proposed transmission line route, whileSection D.7 of Appendix D provides details of the route with the key environmental andsocial features.

No significant developmental activities are being undertaken in the area.

4.4.15 University - Nilore Transmission Line Re-conductoring

The initial portion of the existing transmission line passes through patches of cultivatedland, broken area and some undulations. Sparse population exists along the route. Thelast stretch of the route passes over the land plotted for residential colonies near BharaKhao.

Exhibit 4.31 presents a schematic diagram of the proposed transmission line route, whileSection D.7 of Appendix D provides details of the route with the key environmental andsocial features. No significant developmental activities are being undertaken in the area,except for some housing projects.

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Description of the Environment IESCO 6"h STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Exhibit 4.1: Meteorological Data - Islamabad

Mean Daily Temperature (C°) Precipitation Relative HumidityMonth

Maximum Minimum (millimeters) (%)

January 17.7 2.6 56.1 42.0

February 19.1 5.1 73.5 41.0

March 23.9 9.9 89.8 38.0

April 30.1 15.0 61.8 31.0

May 35.3 19.7 39.2 23.0

June 38.7 23.7 62.2 26.0

July 35.0 24.3 267.0 50.0

August 33.4 23.5 309.9 59.0

September 33.5 20.6 98.2 47.0

October 30.9 13.9 29.3 37.0

November 25.4 7.5 17.8 40.0

December 19.7 3.4 37.3 45.0

Source: District Census Report, GoP 1999. (Normals of period 1961-1990).

Exhibit 4.2: Meteorological Data - Chakwal

Month Mean Temperature (C) Precipitation Relative

Maximum Minimum (millimeters) Humidity (%)

January 19.7 5.0 33.8 66.2

February 21.6 7.7 50.0 60.2

March 26.6 12.5 60.5 53.8

April 33.0 17.7 36.5 41.9

May 38.1 22.0 31.8 32.5

June 40.5 25.8 51.9 37.2

July 35.7 25.8 237.3 62.3

August 34.4 25.3 221.2 70.8

September 35.0 23.0 77.7 65.5

October 33.1 16.6 12.2 55.6

November 27.6 9.9 9.9 62.9

December 21.5 5.7 30.4 68.9

Annual 30.6 16.4 853.2 56.2




Exhibit 4.3: Meteorological Data - Jhelum

Month Mean Temperature (IC) Precipitation RelativeMaximum Minimum (millimeters) Humidity (%)

January 19.7 5.0 33.8 46.0

February 21.6 7.7 50.0 42.0

March 26.6 12.5 60.5 38.0

April 33.0 17.7 36.3 30.0

May 38.1 22.0 31.8 24.0

June 40.5 25.8 51.9 28.0

July 35.9 25.8 237.0 53.0

August 34.4 25.3 221.0 61.0

September 35.0 23.0 77.7 50.0

October 33.1 16.6 12.2 42.0

November 27.6 9.9 9.9 47.0

December 21.3 5.7 30.4 53.0


Exhibit 4.4: Meteorological Data - Mangla

Month Mean Temperature ('C) Precipitation Relative


January 19.1 6.1 40.5 51.0

February 21.2 8.4 51.3 45.0

March 26.0 13.0 68.0 42.0

April 32.7 18.0 32.0 32.0

May 37.2 22.8 31.5 31.0

June 39.5 25.2 45.0 37.0

July 35.0 25.0 226.0 59.0

August 33.2 24.6 222.5 66.0

September 33.6 22.8 76.0 57.0

October 31.2 16.6 12.7 48.0

November 26.7 12.5 11.0 46.0

December 21.2 7.1 33.0 51.0

Source: WAPDA Meteorological Department, Mangla.

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Exhibit 4.5: Meteorological Data - Murree

Month Mean Temperature (°C) Precipitation RelativeMonthu(millimeters) Humidity (%)Maximum Minimum

January 13.7 -4.6 126.5 61.0

February 13.7 -5.1 145.0 64.0

March 18.4 -1.5 176.8 61.0

April 23.3 2.2 133.0 51.0

May 27.0 6.4 91.9 44.0

June 29.5 9.7 130.3 46.0

July 26.8 12.2 339.9 78.0

August 24.4 12.3 326.3 85.0

September 23.6 9.2 146.5 75.0

October 22.2 4.9 70.2 58.0

November 18.9 1.4 32.5 53.0

December 16.2 -2.8 70.3 52.0

Sources: Pakistan Meteorological Department. (Normals of period 1961-1990)

Exhibit 4.6: Meteorological Data - Muzaffarabad

Month Mean Temperature (IC) Precipitation Relative


January 21.9 0.4 93.7 50.0

February 24.3 1.4 134.7 47.0

March 30.2 5.2 156.5 42.0

April 35.7 9.3 111.1 39.0

May 39.7 13.2 79.1 34.0

June 42.8 16.8 103.3 33.0

July 40.2 19.2 327.6 53.0

August 37.2 18.9 249.2 59.0

September 36.4 15.5 108.0 49.0

October 34.1 9.8 51.0 43.0

November 28.9 4.0 35.4 49.0

December 22.7 1.2 76.9 54.0

Sources: Pakistan Meteorological Department. (Normals of period 1961-1990)

e 4-15 August 2006DRT06V02lES-S04


Exhibit 4.7: Wind Speed and Direction - Islamabad

% of Time Calm Mean Speed Direction Steadiness Max Speed(Knots) (%) (Knots)

January 72 1.4 W 49 12

February 63 2.3 W 59 22

March 57 2.7 NW 48 25

April 59 2.4 NW 36 35

May 54 3.1 Variable 18 40

June 49 3.0 S 32 39

July 59 2.2 SE 67 28

August 71 1.4 SE 40 26

September 78 1.1 Variable 20 22

October 87 0.8 Variable 22 24

November 86 0.6 W 49 12

December 83 0.7 NW 56 10Sources: Pakistan Meteorological Department. (Normals of period 1961-1990)

Exhibit 4.8: Wind Speed and Direction - Jhelum and Mangla

Jhelum Mangla

Month Wind Direction Average Wind Average

Morning Evening Daily Wind Speed Direction Daily Wind SpeedMrng(knmlhr) (km/hr)

January NW NW 1.75 NA 1.88

February NW NW 2.54 NA 2.75

March NW W 3.09 NA 3.42

April NW VRB 3.70 NA 3.66

May N W 3.70 NA 3.86

June SE | S 3.60 NA 3.26

July E SE 3.23 NA 3.31

August E S | 2.50 NA J 1.59

September E VRB 2.30 NA 1.40

October NW VRB 1.34 NA 1.78

November NW W 1.15 NA 1.49

December N NW 1.20 NA 1.57

Sources: Pakistan Meteorological Department, Jhelum; WAPDA Meteorological Department, Mangla.

4-16 August2006DRT06V02lES-S04


Exhibit 4.9: Ambient Air Quality - Rawalpindi

Pollutant Units Measurements

Total suspended particles pg/m3 435.0

(TSP)

Particulate matter of size pg/m3 230.0

less than 10 micron (PMto)

Sulfur dioxide (SO2 ) ppb 37.0

Carbon monoxide (CO) ppm 16.5

Oxides of nitrogen (NOx) ppb 40.0

Ozone ppb 42.0

Source: Ambient air quality tests camed out by SUPARCO, 2004.

e 4-17 August 2006

DRT06VO21ES-S04

Description of the Environment IESCO 6't STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Exhibit 4.10: Water Resources of the Area

(Please see the following page)


HA ZARA Legend:

Existing Dams

Proposed Dams

Adpo <t-Roads

nu t AI AR Rivers/Streams

Administrative Boundary -

T" AO4i% Assignment: ESA

Project: 6t" STG and ELR

10Client: IESCO

Source: PIDA

Title:

Water Resources

__ _ __ _ __ _ __ _ __ _ Ret IrESCO-M P-0 Dfloe Juii~ 20016


Exhibit 4.11: Water Quality in Project Area

No Water Quality I Islamabad RawalpindiNo ty UnitTParameter Minm. Max. Avg. Min. 1 Max. Avg.

1 Alkalinity m.mol/I 2.20 [7.50 5.18 2.30 | 9.40 6 80

2 Arsenic pg/l 0 0 0 0 0 0

3 Bicarbonate mg/I 110 375 |258.52 115 470 340

4 Calcium mg/Il 32 108 69.96 36 106 80.07

5 Carbonate I mg/l 0 0 °o 0 0; 06 1 Chloride mg/I 3 25 7.81 5 163 29.757 Chromium Ppb 0 45 11.92 0 20 1.33

8 Conductivity S/cm 1316 842 599 |337 1489 8129 Fluoride mg/l 0.15 0.63 0.39 0.21 0.65 0.40

10 ! Hardness mgA j 130 400 280.931 150 400 313.87

11 Iron mg/A 0.03 1.53 0.15 0.03: 0.73 0.12

12 Magnesium mg/I 11 56 25.02 14 66 31

13 Nitrate (N) mg/I 0.09 2.82 1.30 . 0.53 4.41 2.41

14 pH 7 [ 8.3 7.56 | 7 8.3 7.45

15 Phosphate | mg/I 0.0 | 0.60 0.09 2 0 0.40 0.08

16 Potassium | mg/l 1 3 1.74 1.30 f 3.60 1.83

17 Sodium I mg/l 8 40 22.11 1 11 1 130 : 48.33

18 Sulfate | mg/l 5 68 26.78 7 80 1 32.53

19 TDS mg/A 196 589 412.56 209 1042 566.8720 Turbidity I NTU 0.10 6.40 0.73 0.20 i 250 20.07

21 Total Coliform MPN/100ml 0 240 123.56 0 240 1113.40Water quality analyses of multiple test points. Source: National Water Quality MonitoringProgramme, PCRWR.


Descnption of the Environment IESCO 6"t STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Exhibit 4.12: Fauna of Moist Temperate Forest Ecozone

Mammals:

White-toothed Shrew Crocodura pullata, Dark Whiskered Bat Myotis muricola, Common cerotinebat Eptesicus serotinus, Rhesus Monkey Macaca mulatta, Jacal Canis ayreus, Hill Fox Vulpesvulpes, Yellow - throated Marten Martes flavigula, Palm Civet Paguma larvata, Leopard cat

Prionailurus benagalensis, Common Leopard Panthera pardus, Large red flying squirrel Petaunstapetaurista, Small grey flying squirrel Hylopetes fimbriatus, Indian Porcupine Hystrix indica,Turkistan Rat Raftus turkestanicus, and Murree Vole Hyperacrius.

Birds:

Feather-toed Hawk Eagle or Mountain Hawk Eagle Spizaetus nipalensis, Koklass PheasantPucracia macrolopha, Slaty Headed Parakeet Psittacula himalayana, Common Hawk CuckooHierococcyx varius, Eurasian Cuckoo Cuculus canorus, White-throated Needle-tail SwiftHirundapus caudacutus, Pacific Swift or Asian White-rumped Swift Apus pacificus, Little Swift orHouse Swift Apus affinis, Great Hill Barbet Megalaima virens, Scaly-bellied Green WoodpeckerPicus squamatus, Black-naped Green Woodpecker Picus canus, Himalayan Pied WoodpeckerDendrocopus himalayensis, Oriental Turtle Dove Streptopelia orientalis, Red-rumped SwallowHirundo daurica, Long-tailed Minivet Pericrocotus ethologus, Black Bulbul Hypsipetesmadagascariensis, Indian Blue Chat or Indian Blue Robin Luscinia brunnea, Orange flanked BushRobin Tarsiger cyanurus, Dark-grey Bush-Chat Saxicola ferrea, Chestnut-bellied Rock ThrushMonticola rufiventris, Blue Whistling Thrush Myiophoneus caeruleus, Dusky Thrush Turdusnaumanni, Lesser Whitethroat Sylvia curruca, Grey-headed Flycatcher Warbler Seicercusxanthoschistos, Large Crowned Leaf Warbler Phylloscopus occipitalis, Large-billed Leaf WarblerPhylloscopus magnirostris, Yellow-browed Leaf Warbler Phyllosopus inomatus, Goldcrest Regulusregulus, Rufous-bellied Niltava Niltava sundara, Blue-throated Flycatcher Cyomis rubeculoides,Verditer Flycatcher Muscicapa thalassina, Sooty or dark-sided Flycatcher Muscicapa sibirica,Brown Flycatcher Muscicapa latirostris, Slaty-blue Flycatcher Ficedula tricolor, UltramarineFlycatcher Ficedula superciliaris, Grey-headed Flycatcher Culicicapa ceylonensis, White-throatedFantail Flycatcher Rhipidura albicollis, Variegated Laughing-thrush Garrulax variegates, Streakedor Himalayan Laughing-thrush Ganrulax lineatus, Black-capped Sibia Hetrophasia capistrata, Red-headed long-tailed Tit Aegithalos concinnus, Black Crested Tit or Simla Tit Pars rufonuchalis,

Continued...


Description of the Environment IESCO 6r' STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

... Continues

Crested Black Tit Parus melanolophus, Great Tit Parus major, Green-backed Tit Pawus monticolus,White-cheeked Nuthatch Sitta leucopsis, Bar-tailed or Himalayan Tree-creeper Certhia himalayana,Fire-capped Tit Cephlopyrus flammiceps, Oriental White-eye Zosterops palpebrosa, Black DrongoDicrurus macrocercus, Ashy Drongo Dicrurus leucophaeus, Jay Garrulus glandanus, LanceolatedJay Garrulus lanceolatus, Yellow-billed Blue Magpie Urocissa flavirostris, Himalayan Jungle Crow

Corvus macrorhynchos, Jungle Myana Acridotheres fuscus, Cinnamon Tree Sparrow Passerrutilans, Spotted Munia Lonchura punctulata, Brambling Fringilla montifingilla, Goldfinch Cardueliscarduelis, Plain Mountain Finch Leucosticte nemoricola, Red-mantled Rosefinch Caprodacusgrandis, Black and Yellow Grosbeak Mycerobas icterioides, and Spotted-winged Grosbeak

Mycerobas melanozanthos.

Reptiles:

Garden Lizard Calotes versicolor, Rock Agama Agama tuberculata, Kumaon Mountain LizzardJapalura kumaonensis, Yellow-bellied Mole Skink Eumeces taeniolatus, Himalayan Skink Scincellahimalayana, and Monitor Lizard Varanus bengalensis.

Snakes:

Royle's Snake Spalerosophis atriceps, Diadem Snake Spalerosophis diadema, Rat Snake orDhaman Ptyas mucosus, Dark-headec Dwarf Snake Eirenis persica, Afro-Asian Sand SnakePsammophis schokari,Flat-headed Keelback Amphiesma platyceps, Russet Kukri Snake Oligodonarnensis, Common Wolf Snake Lycodon aulicus, Russell's Viper Vipera russelii, and Himalayan Pit-viper Agkistrodon himalayanus.

Amphibia:Himalayan Toad Bufo himalayanus, Common Asian Toad Bufo melanostictus, and Murree Hill FrogPaa vicina.


Descrption of the Environment IESCO 6Th STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Exhibit 4.13: Fauna of Cheer Pine Forest Ecozone

Mammals:Hedgehog Hemiechinus collaris, Shrew Suncus murinus, Fruit Bat Rousettus leschenaultii, Flying

Fox Pteropus giganteus, Serotine Eptesicus serotinus, Rhesus Monkey Macaca mulatta, Jackal

Canis aureus, Hill Fox Vulpes vulpes, Yellow - throated Marten Martes flavigula, Palm Civet

Paguma larvata, Leopard cat Prionailurus benagalensis, Common Leopard Panthera pardus, Grey

Goral Naemorhedus goral, Small grey flying squirrel Hylopetes fimbriatus, Indian Porcupine Hystrix

indica, Palm Squirrel Funambulus pennantii, Grey Mongoose Herpestes edwardsi, Small

Mongoose Herpestes javanicus, and Pangolin Manis crassicaudata.

Birds:Crested Honey Buzzard Pernis ptilorhynchus, Indian Kite or Pariah Kite Milvus migrans, Bearded

Vulture or Lammergeier Gypaetus barbatus, Short-toed Eagle Circaetus gallicus, Long-legged

Buzzard Buteo rufinis, Lesser Spotted Eagle Aquila pomarina, Tawny Eagle Aquila rapax, Steppe

Eagle Aquila nipalensis, Kestrel Falco tinnunculus, Black Partridge Francolinus francolinus, Kaleej

Pheasant or White-crested Kaleej, Blue Rock Pigeon Columba livia, Spotted Dove or Chinese

Dove Streptopelia chinensis, Little Brown Dove Streptopelia senegalensis, Wedge-tailed Green

Pigeon Treron sphenura, Blossom-headed Parakeet Psittacula cyanocephala, Pied Crested

Cuckoo Clamator jacobinus, Common Hawk Cuckoo Hierococcyx vanus, Indian Cuckoo Cuculus

micropterus, Himalayan Cuckoo Cuculus saturatus, Koel Eudynamys scolopacea, Indian Scops

Owl Otus bakkamoena, Spotted Scops Owl Ottus spilocephalus, Himalayan Barred Owl

Glaucidium cuculoides, Allied Nightjar Caprimulgus affinis, Little House swift Apus affinis, White-

breasted Kingfisher Halcyon smyrensis, Pied Kingfisher Ceryle rudis, Little Green Bee-eater

Merops orientalis, Kashmir Roller Coracias ganrulous, Hoopoe Upupa epops, Blue-throated Barbet

Megaliama asiatica, Wryneck Jynx torquilla, Sindh Pied Woodpecker Dendrocopos assimilis,

Himalayan Pied Woodpecker Dendrocopos himalayensis, Brown-fronted Woodpecker

Dendrocopos auriceps, Crested Lark Galerida cristata, Plain Sand Martin Riparia paludicola, Bam

Swallow Hirundo rustica, Kashmir House Martin Delichon dasypus, Pipits Anthus and Wagtails,

Common Wood Shrike Tephrodomis pondicerianus, Small Minivet Pericrocotus cinnamomeus,

White-cheeked Bulbul Pycnonotus leucogenys, Red-vented Bulbul Pycnonotus cafer, Black Bulbul

Hypsipetes madagascariensis, Accentors Prunella, Indian Blue Robin Luscinia brunnea, Orange-

flanked Bush Robin Tarsiger cyanurus, Redstarts Phoenicurus, Plumbeous Redstart Rhyacomis

fuliginosus, Chat Saxicola, White-capped Redstart Chaimarromis leucocephala, Indian Robin

Saxicoloides fulicata, Rock Thrushes Monticola, Blue Whistling Thrush Myiophoneus caeruleus,

Grey-winged Blackbird Turdus boulboul, Dark-throated Thrush Turdus ruficolli, Fan-tailed Warbler

Cisticola juncidis, Warblers Prinia, Booted Warbler Hippolais caligata, Warblers Sylvia, Grey-

hooded Warbler Seicercus xanthoschistos, Leaf Warblers Phylloscopus, Goldcrest, Regulus

regulus, Rufous-bellied Niltava Niftava sundrs, Blue-throated Flycatcher Cyomis rubiculoides,

Flycatchers Muscicapa, Grey-headed Flycatcher Culicicapa ceylonensis, Fantail Flycatchers

Rhipidura, Paradise Flycatcher Terpsiphone paradisi, Rusty-cheeked scimitar Babbler

Pomatorhinus erythrogenys, Black-chinned Babbler Stachyns pyrrhops, Babblers Turdoides,

Streaked Laughing Thrush Garrulax lineatus, Red-headed long-tailed Tit Aegithalos concinnus, Tits

Parus, Chestnut-bellied Nuthatch Sitta castanea, European Nuthatch Sitta europaea,

Continued...



... Continues

Bar-tailed Tree Creeper Certhia himalayana, Purple Sunbird Nectarinia asiatica, White-eyeZosterops palpebrosa, Golden Oreole Oriolus oriolus, Isabelline Shrike Lanius isabellinus, Bay-backed Shrike Lanius vittatus, Rufous-backed Shrike Lanius schach, Great Grey Shrike Laniusexcubitor, Black drongo Dicrurus macrocercus, Indian Tree-pie Dendrocitta vagabunda, Himalayanor Grey Tree-pie Dendrocitta forTnusae, Himalayan Jungle Crow Corvus macrorhynchos, BuntingsEmberiza, Crested Bunting Melophus lathami.

Reptiles:Garden lizard Calotes versicolor, Tree Gecko Hemidactylus brooki, House Gecko Hemidactylusflavivindis, Bengal Monitor Lizard Varanus bengalensis, Mabuya dissimilis, Ptyas mucosus,Xenochrophis piscator, Bunganus caeruleus, Vipera russe/ii and Echis caninatus.

Amphibia:Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis, Tomoptema brevicep, Hoplobatrachus tigerinus, Paa vicina, Microhylaomate, Uperodon systoma, Bufo stomaticus, Bufo melanostictus and Eublepharis macularius.

N 4-24 August 2006DRT06VO21ES-S04


Exhibit 4.14: Fauna of Sub-tropical Forest Ecozone

Mammals:Pangolin Manis crassicaudata, Jackal Canis aureus, Wolf Canis lupus, Wild Boar Sus scrofa,

Jungle Cat Felis chaus, Porcupine Hystrix indica, Hare Lepus nigricolis, Monkey Macaca mulatta,

Fox Vulpes vulpes, Civet vivericula indica, Ural Ovis wigenei and Chinkara Gazelle Gazella

gazelle.

Birds:Little Grebe or Dabchick Tachybaptus ruticollis, Little or Javanese Cormorant Phalacrocorax niger,

Cinnamon or Chestnut Bittern lxobrychus cinnamomeus, Night Heron Nycticorax nycticorax, Paddy

bird Ardeola grayii, Cattle egret Bubulcus ibis, Little Egret Egretta garzetta, Intermediate Egret

Egretta intermedia, Large Egret Egretta alba, Purple Heron Ardea purpurea, Grey Heron Ardea

cinerea, Black Stork Ciconia nigra, Greater Flamingo Phoenicopterus rubber, Wigeon AnasPenelope, Gadwall Anas strepera, Common Teal Anas crecca, Mallard Anas platyrhynchos, Pintail

Duck Anas acuta, Shoveler Anas clypeata, Red-crested Pochard Netta rufina, Common Pochard

Aythya ferina, Ferruginous Duck Aythya nyroca, Tufted duck Aythya fuligula, White-headed Duck orStiff-tailed Duck Oxyura leucocephala, Crested Honey Buzzard Pernis ptilorhynchus, Black-

shouldered or Black-winged Kite Elanus caeruleus, Pariah Kite Milvus migrans, Brahminy Kite

Haliastur Indus, Pallas's Fish Eagle Haliaeetus leucoryphus, Lammergeier Gypaetus barbatus,Scavenger Vulture Neophron percnopterus, Oriental White-backed Vulture Gyps bengalensis,

Eurasian Griffon Vulture Gyps fulvus, Eurasian Black Vulture or Cinerous Vulture Aegypius

monachus, Short-toed Eagle Circaetus gallicus, Marsh Harrier Circus aeruginosus, Pied Harrier

Circus melanoleucus, Goshawk Accipiter gentiles, Eurasian Sparrow Hawk Accipiter nisus, Shikra

or Indian Sparrow Hawk Accipiter badius, White-eyed Buzzard Butastur teesa, Long-legged

Buzzard Buteo rufinis, Black Eagle lctinaetus malayensis, Lesser Spotted Eagle Aquila pomarina,

Tawny Eagle Aquila rapax vindhiana, Steppe Eagle Aquila rapex nipalensis, Bonnelli's Eagle

Hieraaetus fasciatus, Osprey Pandion haliaetus, Eurasian Kestrel Falco tinnunculus, Red-headed

Merlin or Turumtee Falco chiquera, Northern Hobby Falco subbuteo, Laggar Falcon Falco jugger,

Saker Falcon Falco cherrug, Peregrine or Shaheen Falcon Falco peregrinus, Chukar Partridge orChukor Alectoris chukar, See-see Partridge Ammoperdix griseogularis, Black Partridge Francolinus

francolinus, Grey Partridge Francolinus pondicerianus, Common Quail Cotumix cotumix, Black-

breasted Quail or Rain Quail Cotumix coromandelica, Indian Peafowl Pavo cristatus, Water Rail

Rallus aquaticus, Brown Crake Amauromis akool, White-breasted Water-hen Amauromis

phoenicurus, Moorhen Gallinula chloropus, Purple Moorhen Porphyrio porphyrio, Coot Fulica atra,

Demoiselle Crane Anthropoides virgo, Painted Snipe Rostratula benghalensis, Pheasant-tailed

Jacana Hydrophasianus chirurgus, Black-winged Stilt Himantopus himantopus, Small Indian

Pratincole Glareola lacteal, Little Ringed Plover Charadrius dubius, Kentish Plover Charadrius

alexandrius, Red-wattled Lapwing Hoplopterus indicus, Green Plover or Lapwing or PeewitVanelius vanellus, Timminck's Stint Calidris temminckii, Ruff (& Reeve) Philomachus pugnax, Jack

Snipe Lymnocryptes minimus, Common Snipe Gallinago gallinago , Painted Snipe: Gallinago

stenura, Spotted or Dusky Redshank Tringa erythropus, Redshank Tringa tetanus, GreenshankTringa nebularia, Marsh Sandpiper Tringa stagnatilis, Green Sandpiper Tringa ochropus, Wood

Sandpiper Tringa glareola, Terek Sandpiper Xenus cinereus, Common Sandpiper Actitis

hypoleucos, Great Black-headed Gull Larus ichthyaetus, Black-headed Gull Larus ridibundus,

Continued...


Description of the Environment IESCO 6"h STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

... Continues

Common Gull Larus canus, Herring Gull Larus argentatus, Gull-billed Tem Gelochelidon nilotica,Caspian Tem Stema caspica, Indian River Tern Stema aurantia, Whiskered Tem Chlidoniashybridus, Indian Skimmer or Scissorbill Rhynchops albicollis, Painted Sandgrouse Pteroclesindicus, Chestnut-bellied Sandgrouse Pterocdes exustus, Blue Rock Pigeon Columba livia, WoodPigeon or Cushat Columba palumbus, Indian Ring Dove Streptopelia decaocto, Little Brown DoveStreptopelia senegalensis, Spotted Dove or Chinese Dove Streptopelia chinensis, Large IndianParakeet Psittacula eupatria, Rose-ringed Parakeet Psittacula krameri, Blossom-headed ParakeetPsittacula cyanocephala, Pied Crested Cuckoo Clamator jacobinus, Eurasian Cuckoo Cuculuscanorus, Liftle Cuckoo Cuculus poliocephalus, Koel Euedynamys scolopaceus, Common Crow-pheasant Centropus sinensis, Pakistan Scops Owl Otus bakkamoena, West Himalayan BarredOwlet Glaucidium cuculoides, Short-eared Owl Asio flammeus, Spotted Owlet Athene brama,Allied Nightjar Caprimulgus affinis, Sindh Nightjar Capnmulgus mahrattensis, European NightarCaprimulgus europaeus, House Swift Apus affinis, White-breasted Kingfisher Halcyon smymensis,Eurasian Common Kingfisher Alcedo atthis, Pied Kingfisher Ceryle rudis, Little Green Bee-eaterMerops orientalis, Blue-cheeked Bee-eater Merops superciliosus, Blue-tailed Bee-eater Meropsphilippinus, European Bee-eater Merops apiaster, Kashmir Roller Coracias garrulous, Indian RollerCoracias benghalensis, Hoopoe upupa epops, Crimson-breasted Barbet Megalaimahaemacephala, Wryneck Jynx torquilla, Golden-backed Woodpecker Dinopium benghalensis,Sindh Pied Woodpecker Dendrocopos assimilis, Yellow-fronted Woodpecker Dendrocoposmahrattensis, Singing Bush Lark Mirafra cantillans, Rufous tailed Finch-lark Ammomanesphoenicurus, Eastem Calandra Lark Melanocorypha bimaculata, Crested Lark Galerida cristata,Small Skylark Alauda gulgula, Barn or Common Swallow Hirundo rustica, Red-rumped SwallowHirundo daurica, Richard's Pipit Anthus novaeseelandiae, Tawny Pipit Anthus campestris, Long-billed Pipit Anthus similes, Water Pipit Anthus spinoletta, Wagtails Motacilla species, Small MinivetPericrocotus cinnamomeus, White-cheeked Bulbul Pycnonotus leucogenys, Red-vented BulbulPycnonotus cafer, Indian Magpie Robin Copsychus saularis, Redstarts Phoenicurus sp., CollardIndian Bush-Chat Saxicola torquata, Pied Bush-Chat Saxicola caprata, Pied Wheatear Oenanthepicata, Warblers Prinia species, Scotocerca species, Orthotomus species, Locustella species,Acrocephalus species, Hippolais species, Sylvia species, Phylloscopus species, Flycatchers ofMuscicapa species, Rhipidura species, Asian Paradise Flycatcher Terpsiphone paradisi, CommonBabbler Turdoides caudatus, Jungle Babbler Turdoides striatus, Tits of Aegithalos sp., Panus sp.,Purple Sunbird Nectarinia asiatica, Oriental White-eye Zosterops palpebrosa, Golden OrioleOriolus oriolus, Shrikes Lanius sp, Black Drongo Dicrurus macrocercus, Indian Tree PieDendrocitta vagabunda, House Crow Corvus splendens, Common Starling Stumus vulgaris, RosyPastor or Rosy Starling Stumus roseus, Myanas Acredotheres sp. House Sparrow Passerdomesticus, Bayas or Weaver birds Ploceus sp., Red Munia or Avadavat Estrilda amandava,Silverbill or White-throated Munia Lonchura malabarica, Rosefinches Caprodacus sp., andBuntings Emberiza sp.

Reptiles:Lissemys punctata, Kachuga smithii and Kachuga tecta. Lizards of the ecozone includeEublepharis macularius Cyrtodactylus dattanensis, Hemidactylus brooki, Hemidactylus flaviviridis,Laudakia agrorensis, Uromastvx hardwickii, Calotes versicolor, Mabuya dissimilis, Eumecestaeniolatus, and Varanus bengaiensis.

Continued...


Description of the Environment IESCO 6' STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

...Continues

Snakes:Ptyas mucosus, Xenochrophis piscator, Naja naja, Bunganus caeruleus, Vipera russeiii, Echis

caninatus, and Amphisma stolatum.

Amphibia:Hoplobatrachus tigerinus, Paa hazarensis, Paa vicina, Microhyla omate, Uperodon systoma, Bufo

stomaticus and Bufo melanostictus.

Exhibit 4.15: Wildlife Protected Areas in IESCO Area

Description Location Area (ha)

National ParksMargalla Hills National Park Islamabad

Wildlife Sanctuaries

Chumbi Surla Chakwal and Jhelum 55, 968

Jalalpur Sharif Jhelum 2,264

Rakh Kunda Jhelum 3,000

Rasool Barrage Jhelum 1,138

Kallar Kahar Chakwal 65,952

Tilla Jogian Jhelum 9,949

Game Reserves and ReserveForestsDiljabba/Domeli Jhelum, Chakwal 118,154

Kathar Rawalpindi 1,141

Kala Chitta Attock 132,664

Loi Bher Rawalpindi 359

Rakh Kheri Murat Attock 5,620

Chinji Chakwal 6,000

Source: Punjab Wildlife Department.

e N 4-27 August 2006DRTo6VO21ES-S04

Description of the Environment IESCO 6 "h STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Exhibit 4.16: Project Components and Ecozones

Project Component Habitat Description/Ecozone

New Grid Stations

Gangal, Rawalpindi Cultivation fields. Completely modified habitat.

Adyala Road, Rawalpindi Urban area. Completely modified habitat.

MES, Rawalpindi Urban area. Completely modified habitat.

Bahter More, Wah Cultivation fields. Completely modified habitat.

Transmission Lines

Police Foundation to Gangal (feed for Cultivation fields and settlements. CompletelyGangal GS) modified habitat.

Pir Wadhai to MES GS Urban area.

In and Out of Rewat-Chakri Transmission Cultivation fields with expanding settlements andLine urban areas.

Trar Khal to Hajira Cheer pine forest ecozone.

Trar Khal to Plandri Cheer pine forest ecozone.

Azad Pattan to Plandri Tropical deciduous forest and Cheer pine forestecozones.

Ftaeh Jang to Ahmadal to Pindi Gheb Arid sub-tropical forests ecozone.

In and Out of Burhan Margalla (Feed for Cultivation fields and settlements. CompletelyBahter More GS) modified habitat.

Choa Saidan Shah to Dandot Arid sub-tropical forests ecozone.

Dandot to Pinanwal Arid sub-tropical forests ecozone.

Chak Sawari to Kotli (replacement of old Tropical deciduous forest and Cheer pine forestweak conductor) ecozones.

Murree to Minhasa Initial portion (about 10 km): Moist temperateconiferous forest ecozone;The remaining segment of the transmission line:Tropical deciduous forest and Cheer pine forestecozones.

Quiad-e-Azam University to Nilore (Re- Arid sub-tropical forests ecozone;conductoring) Cultivation fields and settlements.


Descrption of the Environment IESCO 6'h STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Exhibit 4.17: Murree to Mihasa Transmission Line Route - Schematic Diagram

(Please see the following pages.)

et 4-29 August 2006DRT06VO21ES-S04

Minhasa SH

Grid Station NE

Cultiation

HouseslS

:1 , Culbvation

CD! 11 KV Feeder.................. .......... .. .... !. .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 K"V FT'.dL r

7 - - - - - -- -- - - - - - - -K T-L

Cultivabon

CD.

ISE Nullah

# -- .- .- .- . i - - - 33 KV T.L.

V/ V Cultivation

TressHilly Area !

Vacrantand

Hlily Area

/Houses

, : Cultivation

CD/

'SE Houses Nullah

/ Hilly AreaHilly Area /

j INullah

| /Jhelum River

ggY/.SZ.fS/S//th/ /,; /////,;Y,j,y/ /Z/.n/t'K' S*a// /z/,.o o 000

Graveyard

/SH Legend:

Village DE: Dust Emissions

SE. Soil Erosion

LA: Land Asqiositon

/ [ SH NE: No.se E -issionIDI Houses Road Dl Dage to Infiastoontr-

LV: Lo of Ncturcl Vegemton

D SWC: Water Coota-nat,on'SH o SH: Safety Hird

t-Houses

................ .......... ..... LTF ede No To S AeiAsoron ESA

11 K:V. FeederD;...... ..................... Road Pj 60

STG nd ELR

11 K.V Feeder Ciono IESCO..................... . .K: ..F od rIE O

s-,. Data Pronded by IESCOIsl

Di Road Shmnta DugtHouses Murree - Minhasa

11 KV. Feeder Transmission Line Route1.. ..... . Sheet Iof 2

Conined o hoo 2Ret. IFSCO-CD-02 I Do J ... 200

C.ntinoed From Sheet 1

EI ?SH

O /S........ Houses 11K F de

E Houses Road

. 11 KV FeederJ -. 33KV T.L

O~/SH0l/s

Houses,, 11 KV Feeder

0iSH/0F-

/ Houses Nullah

- SH/l

/ Houses

A~vri/SN E

Settleme nt DS. °-

0l (Houses Nullah

tSE

* iDI Road

Mosque ElH/ISHEl uia

House Nulh

ish

0iSH 0-Hotuses Nulbh

33 KVT.L

Nullah

t LI) Tress

SH! DUE Settlement Nuilah

Legend:

-L CD Crp Danage

VDE: Dust Emisson

t\ Tress SE: Soil ErosionSE Tes Nuilah LA: Land Arquisition

NE: No.se Emission

\Dl Danige to 1lnfrSruttreS LV: Loss ofNaurol Vegetation

Settement D l NuSEa WC WaNlarh

SH: Safety Hazard

\DI Murree Road Not To So.

A.i 5 n-s ESA

E l° tl 6a STG and ELR

Trees H-sesE \Lv Cii.i IESCOt E Tress So. Data Provided by IESCO

DI Murre Road Tird Shcbmc Diaa,

Murree - Minhasa

Murree NE Transmission Line RouteGrid Station Slte SH Sheet 2 of 2

Rdf IESCO-CD-022 D-se June 2006


Exhibit 4.18: Azad Pattan to Plandri Transmission Line Route - SchematicDiagram



Azad Pattan

Grid Station

Dli. Road

i ISE, WC Jhelum River

ISE, WC

I Hill Area

iSE Nullah -

---I

IDI Road

Hilly Area

ISE

ElE

°l ESH)Houses j

ISE Nullah =0

ISE

E ! Hilly Area

)SE Nullah - L

- |SE

I Hlilly Area

jSE Legend:

CD: Crop Danage

! DE: DEst

! SE: Soil E.osio

! Hily Are LA: Land Acquisition

/ NE: Noise Emission

Dl. Daingae to Irfi -

LV: Loss of Naural Vegetanion

jSE WC: Water Coeamnanon

SH: Safety Hazard

Hilly Area) A-a- ESA

i Roa P 60 STG and ELR/DI Road h. IEC

t-Clino IESCO

S!n Dau Povided by IESCO

Plandri NE Sclenan. Dim

Grid Statin SH Azad Pattan - PlandriTransmission Line Route

Re IESCOGCDJ013 D|t Jiae2006


Exhibit 4.19: Plandri to Trar Khal Transmission Line Route - Schematic Diagram



Plandri NE

Grid Station SH

jDl Road

Hilly Area

!D1 Road

/0O/SH

Hilly Aea / Houses

jDI Road

w

jDI Road

Houses /SH

/ouesHouses

/S/SE Nulalah -o

- - -- - - - 33KVT-L

/SHIHBazar Bazar

DI- Road

0 Houses Legend

.SHLeed\ ES CD. Crop Damage

DE Dust Emissons

\ 0SE SoW Erosior

NulishLA: Land Asqati-onSE\ Nullah NE: Nios Emntimoo

Dl. Damage to I.fiasunarum

LV: Loss of Natral Vegetatint

.DI Road WC: Waowr CoontoanSH: Safety Ha-d

\ Nol To 5S

\SH A[s a ESAHouses

Pr 6g STG and ELR'DI Road r EC

CEmr IESCO

\sa Data Prvided by IESCO

Con t Tl Sobfemic Diagram

Plandri - Trar KhalTransmission Line Route

Sheet I of2

Rot IESCD-CD-014 JDai itae 2006

Continued From Sheet 1,

~SHF-

ISH

0l// Houses

/ F/DI Road

- -- - - -- - - - 33 KVTJL

//

/SH

/LI Houses

SHDDSettlement

//LiI/I

El // Houses

Di Road

\ I Houses Legend:

F -SH FI CD Crep Damage

DE: Dwst Emissions

SE Soil Erosio,L \ LA: Land Acuqisition

NE Noise Emission

Dl Damage to Infirsitnure

LV: Loss of Natural Vegetnion

L WC: Wate Cononninanoo

KSHLI [ SH; Safety Ha-ed

SH fz t40 T. S.We

\ Houses A.nn- ESA

Ptsm 60

STGa d ELR

Cii- IESCOTrar Khal

Grid Station s- Data Provided by IESCO

TrieSchemanc Diagenur

Plandri - Trar KhalTransmission Line Route

Slims 2 of2

Rof IESCO-CD-015 |.r Jne 2006


Exhibit 4.20: Trar Khal to Hajira Transmission Line Route - Schematic Diagram



Trar Khal

Gnd Station

I -

!SE Nullah

4 - v Tress

LVie

ISE NuIlah -

Tress1 LV

Di Road

mI

Tress L V I

* :Housies |LSH j e

SH STress

3Shop IIlp

ISE Nuilah --

|LV

Tress

Houses

SH 11 KVFeeder

/LV

. § Tress

/ Houses

'SHD

/DI Road

1 1 KV Feeder......................... ............. t .... .. ... ...... ... ... ... ... ... ...

|DI Road Legend:CD. Crop Daurage

! .JDE: Dst Emissions

*SH Houses SE: Soil Ero-o.LA, Laud Accss-itio./! E NE. No.e Emission

I Road DI: Demsge to inftsuztre

LV: Loss of Nattoal Vegeeasen:::!: Culbvation WC. Wale Coamsnon

CD !SH Safety HazardIDI Road

No. T. S.W,I

!LV Aw,e--: ESA

P!es- 6"' STG ad ELRTress ! c- IESCO

ISE Nullah -- 9 P-ddbyESCO

T-te Schemnsch Di agnm

TI , j e Trar Khal - HajirarLV Transmission Line Route

Continued to Sheet Sheet I f2Rd IESCO-CD-016 D Jee 2D06

Continued From Sheet 1

:Cultivation

CDI

EISH

O HousesI

ElSE Nullah U

4 ISE Nullah

I

I SHIHouses I Cultivation

j C Graveyard

ISH F-I! ° Houses

IDl Road

'SH F-Ij Houses

Cultivation

CD//Di Road

/

j Houses

i SE Nullah .---

-- !

/ID Road

IDI Road

jSE Nuilah

I

/ Legend:

11 KV Feeder CD Ctop Damage

DE: Dust EissionsSHSE. Soil Evoion

E LA Land Acqwsintnon

F1Houses NE: Noise Ettiisn.Dl Road

Di Dl Dne to lftnsutnt

LV: Lo- of Nattl Vegetatio

WC: Water CotetammanoeISE, WC Nullah SH Safety Hard

Not To Sok

i A-gr ESA

Pro'oo 61 STG and ELR

Oi- IESCO

Hajira SH S- Da Pvided by IESCOGrld Station NE TotD

Sottemnaic Doagat

Trar Khal - HajiraTransmission Line Route

Rf. IESCOCD-017 | .,o otte2006

Descrption of the Environment IESCO 6't STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Exhibit 4.21: Kotli to Chak Swari Transmission Line Route - Schematic Diagram


e=! 4-40 August 2006DRT06VO21ES-S04

Chak Swarl NEH

Grid Station

FsH

j Settlement

Di Road

/ Broken Land

/SE Nulah -

/

/SE Nullah

/D Road

/

.... J , ,, ... ... 11 KV Feedert

Village

0 SH 0

j Houaes Legend:

i CD: Crop Dmamg

DE: D.t Enmss=ons

IDl Road SE: Soil Enns.on

LA: L.ad Acquis,.o

NE: Noise Emusao-

DI: Ding. to tifristrutao

LV: Loss of Nacn Vogtttoso

IDI Road WC: WineComonjooo.o

SH: Safety H-d

N. To S.oe

l A-0- ESA11 KV Feeder Ap S.................... ............. ...... ........... ! K. ,.r

Pt- 60 STG nd ELR

Cbin. IESCO

S!i Dait Pwvtded by IESCO

ntnLed to Sheeat ZSchenant Digr-

Kotli - Chak SwariTransmission Line Route

Shot I of3

RHf IESCO-CD-0t0 D- Jw 2006

Continued From Sheet 11,

j SH

DDDSettlement

DI Road

izlShops jSH D Houses

/SH

K 2Houses

Dl/ E Road

L. j Graveyard

HosesSHODD

/ Settlement

/E Nullah -

D jID Road

/sH,

/SH

/ HousesHilly Area (

Di Road

................................ KV Feeder

~Tress

Hilly Area

ISE Nullah Legend:

I CD: Crop Damae4 DE: Dst Emissions

! Dl Road SE: Soil EmsionLA: Land AcqwsitionNE: Noise Ermssion

ISE Nullah DI: Daragerto tnourassnirLV: Los of Natu Vegeationj WC: Wawer Conaninaon

.SH S fety Hazrd

Tress Nor To S,nk1' j Ta Aee ESA

! PM-ct 6b STG ad ELR

Che.t. IESCOISE Nuilih

Sorse. Data Provided by IESCO

iSr hea Diagram

Kotli - Chak Swarii Transmission Line Route

C u tSheer 2 nf3

rr IESCOCD-019 D- Jane 2006


Dl Road

DEf Houses m O

ism

iF1 H0 Hou

D TOWN

| Houses

ISE Nullah -

4- !/ ]School

/SHS D Road

SH House

'SE Nullah - -

-I Dl RoadI

ISE Nullah = -

Poultry Farm

Di Road

,Cultivation

CD /

S7/I House

( Mosque

;SE NuIlah --

SH Exiting

4 E House

,/,/ ,,,R,,,,,,,,, 11,,KY F,eeder

Poonch River Legend:

WC, CD: Crop DanrgeDE: Dust Emissions

. i v*SE: Soil EsionlCD)DO LA: Land Acquisition

C)NE: NoiseEru.

Setement Dl: Damgae to Infrantun,r

j Dl Road LV: Loss of Natul VegetanoWC Water Cotaranination

! SH Safety Hozardi SE NulIah -T

viv A- r, ESA

4 Culvation Pokt 60 STG ad ELR

CD clno IESCO

SI Houses So Da Provided by IESCO

! nSchemaic Diagran,

I Kdi SH Kotli - Chak SwarlGrid Station Site NE Transmission Line Route

Sheet 3 of 3

rt IESCO-CD-020 |5.0 l 2006

Descrption of the Environment IESCO 6th STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Exhibit 4.22: Fateh Jang to Ahmadal Transmission Line Route - SchematicDiagram



Fateh Jang SH

Grid Station

/Di Main Road

IDl Rdhavtw Trarck

1...2 144 .. . .

Cuhietaton

CD/

IDi Local Road

Cultivation

CDI

:1 ' wl Cultbvation

CDI

Broker Area

Cultvation

CDi

ISE Nullah

Cul vaton

CD|

O SH![]

/ Houses

1Di Road

O SH /[ H. DSchool House

: : : f 'b Cultivation

CD/

Cultivation

CDj

/SH [ Legend:

House CD: Crop Darnage

Cultivao ,DE: Dust EmissionsCul vat onSE: Soil Erosion

CD. LA, Land Acquisition

Broken/Area NE: Noise Ensission

Dl: Damage to Infraswuture

LV: Loss of Natutal VegetatomjSE Nullah WC Wate Constannsoon

SH: Safety Haed

Cultivabon Not To S0k

CD! Aa..-, ESA

ill Pnqu 66 STG nd ELR

Ch- IESCO

osom Data Provided by IESCO

Tk Schematic Diagram

Continued to Sheet 2SceaiDaga Fateh Jang - AhmadalTransmission Line Route

Shee I of2

Ret IESCO-MP-006 Die Jane 2006


Cultivation

CD'

Broken!Area

.1 : vt Cultivation

CDi

IDI Road

0 ! 0

Graveyard

House

Cultivation

CDI

jDl Road

BrokeniArea

\>Hill

* s Cultivation

CDj

!IO| House

BrokeniLand

Broken!Area

. . Cultivation

CDj

DI Road

BrokenlArea

ISE

Afzal Damn

Legend:

CD Crop Damage

DE: Dust Emissions

SE. Soil Erosion

BrokenlArna LA' Lund Acqu-sition

NE: Noise Emission

j . Dl Damagt lor Iniastrouort

... j. . Cultivabon LV. Loss of Natural Vegotat-o

CDj WC: Water ContamiatinonSH Safety Hard

No, To. Son

!i- ESA

Ahmadal NE Pmo 60 STG ad ELR

Grid Station SH Cb= IESCO

Su: Data Provided by iESCO

TrUeSch-mattc Diagran

Fateh Jang - AhmadalTransmission Line Route

Sheet 2 of 2

Rot IESCOD70 D- J-no 2006


Exhibit 4.23: Ahmadal to Pindi Gheb Transmission Line Route - Schematic

Diagram



Frond Fateh JangAhmadat

e LGrid Station

Broken-Land.

Cultivation .... L. I'''CD1

LID)Houses[2 2 /

SEi Nullah -

- I l0

BrokenlArea f

Cultivation

CD|

Ahmadal Town

j | Oil Facility 1r

Cultivation

CD\ Legend:

CD. Crop Damage

DE: Dut Emissions

Cultivation SE: SoilErosiolretni CltiatonLA: Lend Acq.isition

CD. NE: Noise Emision

Dl: D-age to InfrmueutonBrokenILand LV: Loss of Natnli Vegntdon

WC: Wne Contmntion

SH Safety Hird

SEiuNullan N_l S_

Aen.n- ESA

. , P. .- t- 6' STG nd ELERCulffvaffon

CDi S- Dna Provided by tESCO

Scherfic Diaugn

Ahmadal - Pindi GhebTransmission Line Route

Continued to Sheet 2 Sd IESCO CDI f8 |2o June S006

H>HiltContinued, Fro Se t , iv

vs vi' s wCultivation

CDj

I

Dl Local Road

Cultivation

CDI

0

Si LI Housres Ot

CDC,

CIii Culivaton

CD|

Cultivation

CD|!

LI/ Houses

BrokerWL.nd

CCulivauton

CD!

Legend:CD CIOp Daa

Plndi Ghob NE DE: Dust Emnsoroas

Grid Station SH SE Sod Er-siooLA: L-nd Acuuisition

NE Nois E-ttsio-

Dl. D-tmay to lttfr sttnfti e

LV: Loss of Natural Vsgeattaon

WC. Wata Ctntatot

SH: Safety Hard

No To S.W.

Ag- ESA

P.oa 6' STG nd ELR

Ch., IESCO

St D taPovtPid dby IESCO

STotec DuM

Ahmadal - Pindi GhebTransmission Line

Sheet 2 sf2

Rd- IESCO-CD.009 Dt Jms 2006

Description of the Environment IESCO 6m STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Exhibit 4.24: Choa Saidan Shah to Dandot Transmission Line Route - Schematic

Diagram



Choa Saidan Shah NE

Grid Station SH

Orchards'CD

Hilly Area

iRoad

I

I

Hilly Area

Cultivation

CDI

jIDl Road

Cuivation

CD'

.... ........ .............. .......... . K. i .V Feeder

Hilly Aea

IDi Road

I

jSE Nuilah

i Legend:

i CD: Crop D-aage

DE. Dust Eot n-

!SE Hilly Area SE: Soil Erooton

LA: Load A,itnsit.oo

NE. Noise Emiss.on

Dl Dan,t ge to Izatntre

LV: Loso of Natrcal Vegetation

WC: Water Cotamuaetoo

SH: Safety Hazard

/DI Road Not To Soak

Ai-. ESA

DI Ralw Track P,ot 60 STG ad ELR.......... .. ....... .. ............ ,,,, , , ,,,,, ci- t IESCO

/DI Road Soas Data Presided by [ESCO

iScheatitc Daigoran

Dondot HE Choa Saidan Shah - DandotGridStationSite SH Transmission Line Route

Ref IESCO-CD-10 D -. June 2006


Exhibit 4.25: Dandot to Pinanwal Transmission Line Route - Schematic Diagram


A 4-52 August 2006DRT06VO21ES-S04

Pinanwal NE

Grid Station SH

CuitivCu tion

CD!

Track-------------------

IDI Road

hODDDWater (jj SH SettlefmentPond

WC DiSH Houses

%Cultivation

''''C CultvationCDi

iTrack

Cultivation

Bro4~n Land

''' Cultivation

CDi

Broken)Land

CultiationLegend:

,CulivaionCD: Crop Ditmaige

C DE: Dust EmnissionsSE: Soil Eroio

/D1 Road LA. Land Acqutwion

NE, Noisw Emnisso

RaIawe Trackge to Inf-asti

li44 iiLV': lossofNasurn Vegetatain

WC: iWctaterCnnitairsont

500 KV T.-L. S. WyHm

Net To Sme

4 6GKVT.LAo...-, ESA

PI,- 6 a STG sad ELR

Ci.- JESCO

A I''cultivationSna Dat. Prvded by IESCO

TotL

......... RallIwyTrc Schoiniatic Diagnram

Transmission Line RouteSheet I of2ot StODO It I- Jno 2006

CDC!C-1 D -. 20


Cultivation

CD]

Brol4n Land

Track--------- t-------Track

V, r . Cultivation

CDI

Broker Land

- 132 KV T.L

IDI Road

Cultivation

CD

BrokeniLand

I 'Cultvation

CD}

!DI Road

Cultivation

CDi

DDDIiSettlement !

I

''p ' Cultivation

CDj

Ii Legend:

BrokenjLand CD: Crp Danage

i DE: Dst E-ussions

iSE: Soil Erosion

1 KV Feeder LA: LSndWAuisition

! NE: Noie E-mssion

I Dl. Dainag to lnfirmte

Broke7 Land LV: Loss of Nat-ral Vogrsaiioo

WC: Wa it -an-

SH: Safty Hrd,/ LT Uln.

/ Nol To Sank

..11 KV Feeder .Am-an ESA

/ 66 KV T.L Prcs 6 STG nd ELR

CLt IESCO

si- Dat Provided by IESCO

Dando N E Tots.ot SH Tllefchetic D,agram

Grid Station Dandot - PinanwalTransmission Line Route

Sheti 2 of 2

R-f IESC0-C012 D.0 J-ne 2006


Exhibit 4.26: Sohawa Grid Station and its Feed - Schematic Diagram



G.T.RoadIslamabd -0 - m Lahor

Existing 123 KV T.L

Uncultivsed Land

Cultivation

CDj

jr Cultivation

CDI

Proposed SiteFor Sohawa SHGrid Station

Legend:

CD: Cmp Damage

DE: Dts Erassiosn

SE: Soil Emsion

LA: Lend A.qnisitio.NE: Noise Eromion

Di Domage to Infrotstiirte

LV Loss of Natural Veget=oro

WC: Water Contanriatsott

SH Safety Hazard

No To S..i

Aoga-o ESA

PoOsos 6' STG rnd ELR

Cioni IESCO

So: Dat Provided by IESCO

TokSchesonc Diagaom

Sohawa Grid Stationand its Feed

R.f IESCO-CD23 J| .loon 2W6

Description of the Environment IESCO 6"t STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Exhibit 4.27: Bahter More Grid Station and its Feed - Schematic Diagram



G.T. RoadTo Peshawar ' - - To Rawalpindi

Existing Transmission Line

Cultivation

CD/

Elf ElEl ElHouses ISH Houses

Cultivabon

CDI o d

Dl'OI

I HousesI' 6 ,Cultivation El

CD1

El1F2 SH I

Houses I

I

. * *Cultivation

CD

ISE Nullah -

~OHouses

Cultivation

CDi

I

F- OO l lEl SH' Houses

Houses

DE Legend:Proposed C CD. Crap Dage

Bahbr More SEGrid Stion Site LA DE Disst Emussions

SE Soil Erosion

LA: Land Acqrwsition

NE: Noise Emmssion

Dl: Damage to Infras.ie

LV: Loss of Narnual Vegetoam

WC: Wae, Conitintaifon

SH: Safety HN d

Noi To See,

Aosgao- ESA

PXJ 6r STG and ELR

CKdo IESCO

Sounr Datm Provided by IESCO

T,lh..Scbema,ic Dtagram

Bahter More Grid Stationand its Feed

Ref IESCO-CD-003 DNo Jane2006

Description of the Environment iESCO 6" STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Exhibit 4.28: Adyala Road Grid Station and its Feed - Schematic Diagram



Existing 132 KV Rewat Chakwal Transmission Line

- -1 -- - -- - - -! --- - -- - -- -- - - --Cultivation

CD|

I 11 KVFeeder.... .... .... . .. .... .... .........

SH! Houses

jDI Road

j Cultivation

CD'jBroken !Land

Track-- - ---- -- T-------- ---Broker Land

I

SE- Nuliah

-%'IX, v,o Cultivation

CD!

.......... J 1.KV Feeder

IDI Road

Iv IIj CultivationCDj

SEI Nullah

Brokenl Land

SEj Nullah

Uncultivatjd Land

0 Cultivation

CDj

- DV---. - -. - . 6KV T.L

- 500 KV T.L

S|J Nullah

!,, AI Legend:

:: 7 Cultivation CD. Crop Damage

CD/ DE: Dost EmnssionsUncultirated Land SE: Sowl Erosion

LA. Lud AcqpisjuonNE: Nou- Eroisioo

Di. Dage so lfrstruSE/ Nullah LV- Loss ofNanir Vegetabo

WC: wwaro Coortommah

/SE Road SH: Snfety Hr-d

No To Solo

.................... I 11 KV Feeder asl ESA

/ LS i P rjo 6' STG amd ELR

Houses ct.- IESCO

:C F: Cultivation So Dst Provided by IESCO

CD1 T,o

SE,WCi Soan River Scbmatic Dageam

/// t/ / // Adyala Road Grid Stationand its Feed

Sh--t I of2Continued to Sheet 2

Rdf IESCO-CD4004 Do. Jon 2006

Continued From Sheet I

W g Soan River

Cultivation

CD

Vegetation Farm

Houses

> SE

s/

Soan RCver

Cultivation

CDC

I1/

BnknLnd B rokten Land

t\tCuRivation

C D\. Legend:

\CD: Cnop Damrage

\DE: Dut Emtissiowt

\SE: Soil EroIcm

\LA: L.nd Acqumtio.

NE: Noise Em-ss.o

!DI: Dluam. t. Ir fiunoe

i LV Los of Natural Vegmtat-sH -PlotstHousing Colony W: We mamn

iSH: Safety Hazd

i~Nol T. Sc.le

i A-pr ESA

Prpsi SHWdaaRa E DE rr= 6- STG and ELR

G S ie Di cl-n IESCO

Adyala Roads aaPotidyIEC

-To Pawalpindi To AdyWab-:DtaPiedbTSchemnatic Dmgamrt

Adyala Road Grid Stationand its Feed he2f

Ref IESCO-CD-005 |D.. June 2006

---------


Exhibit 4.29: Gangal Grid Station and its Feed - Schematic Diagram



Existing 132 KV P.F Nilore Transmission Line

---- ----- r-T----- --- - - -- -Cultivation

CDI

Graveyard

Z SHI

House j0

I v,, \ . .CultivabionICD\

\SH

i [1House

DI\ Road S

Cultivation fC;1 E

C D a

DEE

LA F GangalNE Grid Station sIte DISH

Road

Houses

Legend:

CD: Crop Damage

DE: Dost Emisjogoo

SE: Soil Erosion

LA: Lnd Acqiiisiton

NE: Nose EDmssion

DI. Darage so Iaf-trtun,re

LV: Los of Natorl Vegetaion

WC: Wata Coniasinanon

SH: Safety H"d

N. To Sis

A.isonm ESA

Ps-. 6r STG sad ELR

Come IESCO

s- Daia Provided by IESCO

Schesmatic Diag-rn

Gangal Grid Stationand its Feed

Rd IESCOCD-OOI D-. June 2006

Description of the Environment IESCO 6 '' STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Exhibit 4.30: MES Grid Station and its Feed - Schematic Diagram



||| Plr Wadhal lGrld Station

SHNE

IDI

NV r IE SO

i'i

Dl D e t Road

Oer

sm ~~~~~LVeLgenNd aI egta

WCf: WCr dhaln-iME

Traoanse. mission Ln Rou

SC IESCO- 0 |rosi

S.- Danlse t,oie byfr EStCOre

PC Wtr CWnadhnaui-ME

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IESCO 6tt STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

5 Descripton of the Secioeconomic Conditions

This Chapter describes the general socioeconomic conditions of the IESCO area beforethe commencement of the proposed activities. The site-specific socioeconomicdescription of the area is provided in Appendix D of this report. In view of the absenceof any major development activities underway at or around the project sites or any othernatural/anthropogenic phenomenon, the socioeconomic conditions of the project sites areunlikely to experience any significant change before the project commencement.

5.1 socioeconomic Description

5.1.1 Historical Background

The region is particularly known for its oilfields in Khaur-Dhulian neighborhood, theancient civilization sites in Soan valley, the ruins and the Buddhist University at Taxilaand the new capital, Islamabad, which stands north of the old city of Rawalpindi at thesouthem slops of Murree hills - the popular holiday resort of the country.

Potohar has a long history spread over several millennia. Archaeologists believe that adistinct culture flourished on this plateau as far back as 3,000 years. The materialremains found at the site prove the existence of a Buddhist establishment contemporaryto Taxila, but less celebrated than its neighbor.

It appears that the ancient city went into oblivion as a result of the Hun devastation. Thefirst Muslim invader, Mahmud of Ghazni (979-1030), gifted the ruined city to a GakkharChief, Kai Gohar. The town, however, being on an invasion route, could not prosper andremained deserted until Jhanda Khan, another Gakhar Chief, restored it and named itRawalpindi after the village Rawal in 1493. Rawalpindi remained under the rule of theGakkhars till Muqarrab Khan, the last Gakkhar ruler, was defeated by the Sikhs in 1765.The Sikhs invited traders from other places to settle here. This brought the city intoprominence.

Following the British conquest of the Sikhs and their occupation of Rawalpindi in 1849,the city became a permanent garrison of the British army in 1851. In the 1880s a railwayline to Rawalpindi was laid, and train service was inaugurated on January 1, 1886. Theneed for having a railway link arose after Lord Dalhousie made Rawalpindi theheadquarters of the Northern Command and Rawalpindi became the largest Britishmilitary garrison in British India. In 1947 Rawalpindi became General Headquarters ofPakistan Army and also in 1959 it became the interim capital of Pakistan.

5.1.2 Economic Situation

Much like rest of the country, the male members of the family in the project area are thebreadwinners, both in rural and urban areas (excluding big cities like Rawalpindi andIslamabad). Of the total male population, on average 47 % are economically active,while remaining 53 % are inactive. Among them 25 % are under the age of 10, remaining

5-1 August 2006DRT06Vo21ES-S05

Description of the Socioeconomic Conditions IESCO 6" STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

are students, domestic workers, landlords, property owners, retired persons, disabledand unemployed.'

The bigger part of the rural population belongs to middle class or lower middle class,

because of small landholdings and barani (rain-fed) area. The population of the Mirpur

and Jhelum districts is relatively better off, because many people from these areas are

settled in European countries, and send remittances to their families in Pakistan/AJK.

A new economic factor has been introduced by the establishment of a few factories in

Rawalpindi and Islamabad and a large industrial area in the Taxila-Wah-Hassanabdal

triangle, where a few large cement factories also exist.

The per capita income in the project area has been on the rise, much like rest of the

country, as shown in Exhibit 1.3.

5.1.3 Main Occupations

Agriculture is the main occupation in the rural areas of Potohar. Two seasonal streams -

Haro and Soan - flow from east to the west and after crossing the region in the north and

in the middle respectively, fall in the Indus. River Kanshi traverses the eastern part of the

plateau from north to south and drains into River Jhelum. These rivers and other hill

torrents have cut deep valleys and are of little use for canal irrigation, a feature found in

other parts of the Indus valley. Cultivation is thus almost entirely dependent on rainfall

and on the small dams built in the catchments areas of the streams.

Fields of wheat, barley, jawar, bajra and pulses are found in valley bottoms and on the

terraced slopes along riverbanks. In most of the areas of Potohar Plateau, due to

unreliable rainfall, the crop production is risky and yields fluctuate widely from year to

year. About 51 % land is arable with an average 2.5 hectare per household. More than

65 % farmers own less than five-hectare land while only one percent landowners own

more than 10 hectare. The main crops of the region are wheat, bajra, sugarcane and

maize, though fruits and vegetables are also cultivated. Maize is the staple Kharif crop;

potato cultivation has also made considerable progress. In Mirpur district the cultivable

area is usually in small patches. In barani parts of the area, because of the absence of

the canal irrigation system, reliance on water from the tube-wells has been increasing.

Other than agriculture activities, service in the government departments, particularlyarmed forces, is one of the main occupations of the area.

5.1.4 Ethnicity

Most of the population in Chakwal, Jhelum, Attock and Rawalpindi are ethnically Punjabis

of Aryan origin. Mirpur is part of AJK; many Kashmiries are also living in other areas of

Potohar region. The major casts/tribes/braderies of the area are Rawal, Junjua, Chohan,

Awan, Mughal, Qureshi, Syed, Bhatti, Satthi, Ghakkar, Rajput, Gujar, Jatt, Jalap, Minhas,

Gondal, Shiekh, Kahut, Arain and Kashmiry.

Source: District Census Reports, 1999 and 2000.


Description of the Socioeconomic Conditions IESCO 6'h STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

5.1.5 Family Structure and Customs

In the villages, paternally structured joint family system is still prevalent and people preferto live with their parents, grand parents, uncles and brothers. Independent family unitsconsisting of husband, wife and dependent children is not a norm. Family system ispatriarchal, and the eldest male members of the family make mostly important householddecisions. Women generally confine their activities to the kitchen and children, but alsoassist in farming in the rural areas. But in cities, the situation is different and most of thepeople are living as an independent family unit.

The customs and living styles are primarily based on the way of living as taught in thereligion - Islam. But owing to the fact that before independence it was an area where alarge number of Hindus lived, Hindus rites, rituals and even ideas have influenced thelocal culture. The marriages are mostly confined within a particular castltribe/braderi. Infact, the tribeslbraderis (families) endeavor if possible to arrange their marriages withinthe circle of their near relatives and marriage between the first cousins is common.

5.1.6 Poverty

The rural communities in general have limited access to the basic necessities of life suchas clean drinking water, sanitation, education and health facilities. Small landholdings,illiteracy and lack of use of technology are among the major hurdles for achievingdevelopment. The cities and urban centres on the other hand do provide most of theseamenities, though the class difference is quite visible in terms of quality and access to thefacilities mentioned above.

Figures disaggregated according to regions show that while urban poverty declinedduring 1990-1991 and 1998-1999, rural poverty increased up to 36 percent, exacerbatingrural-urban discrepancies.2 As majority of the region's population lives in the rural areas,these levels of poverty raise serious concerns. A review of the past few decades showsthat economic growth in Pakistan has not been able to bring equal improvements in thekey social and human indicators. Growing inequality, with concentration of resources in afew powerful hands, is increasing deprivation among different income groups. A largesection of the people lack basic opportunities of life; the education and health indicatorsshow a low profile and large disparities across regional, urban/rural and gender divides.There has been a failure in public service delivery as the driving mechanisms are still notin place. Access to sanitation, literacy, health facilities and protection against childmortality and morbidity remains elusive for many.

Vulnerability of the poor is compounded by socio-cultural factors that socially exclude andperpetuate the structures of inequity in society. Among those affected most are thelandless, belonging to the so-called lower class/caste and minorities. They lack buffersagainst shocks of crop failures, accidents, deaths and burdened by social conventions -dowry, funerals, and weddings.

52 Administrative SetupThe IESCO area consists of the ICT, districts of Punjab and districts of AJK, as follows:

2 Source: SPDC 2002.


Description of the Socioeconomic Conditions IESCO 6'" STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

* Islamabad Capital Territory

* Rawalpindi District

* Jhelum District

* Chakwal District

* Attock District

* Bagh District

* Poonch District

* Sudhnuti District.

* Kotli District

* Mirpur District

The districts of Punjab now have their respective district govemments with the electedrepresentatives as well as government functionaries. The district government is headed

by the Nazim, who is a public representative elected by the people; while the govemmentfunctionaries in the district include the District Coordination Officer (DCO) and ExecutiveDistrict Officers (EDOs). The EDO (Revenue) is the officer relevant for land acquisition inthe district.

However, in the ICT and districts of AJK, this new local government system has still not

been introduced. Under this system of administration, the district is headed by theDeputy Commissioner (DC), who is a government employee. The land acquisition inthese areas is under the purview of the DC, except in Islamabad where the CapitalDevelopment Authority (CDA) performs this function.

5.3 Demeoraphic Data3

5.3.1 Population and Housing

The total population in the IESCO area is about 8.6 million (based upon 1998 census).Rawalpindi is the most populous, while Islamabad is the least populous district in thearea. Exhibit 5.1 provides the population data of the IESCO area.

Household sizes are quite uniform in the Punjab districts/ICT, ranging from 5.7 to 6.4persons per household. The households are generally larger in the AJK districts.Exhibit 5.2 presents the household data in the IESCO area.

Piped connection is the primary drinking water source for households falling inIslamabad, Rawalpindi and Jhelum, whereas hand-pumps are most prevailing in theChakwal district. In the Attock district, groundwater wells are the primary source ofdrinking water, followed by the piped connection. The AJK population generally enjoys ahigher availability of piped water. Exhibit 5.3 provides the data for the drinking wateravailability in the area.

3 The demographic data presented in this section is based upon the District Census Reports.Since such reports for the AJK districts are not available, the data for these areas presentedin this section has been obtained from the Govemment of AJK's official website.

5-4 August2006DRT06Vo21ES-S05

Description of the Socioeconomic Conditions IESCO 6"' STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Electricity is the source of lighting for more than 90% of the households in Rawalpindiand Islamabad. For the other districts as well, a high percentage of the population hasaccess to the electricity. Kerosene oil is the second most source of lighting in the area.Exhibit 5.4 presents the information on source of lighting in the area.

Natural gas is the most prevalent cooking fuel in Rawalpindi and Islamabad. In the otherdistricts of the project area, wood is the primary fuel, followed by the natural gas.Exhibit 5.5 presents the information on source cooking fuel.

5.3.2 Education and Literacy

There exist a large number of schools in the IESCO area. The Rawalpindi district has thelargest population of schools, colleges and universities among the districts falling in theproject area. The numbers of the educational institutes in the project area, and theirenrollment figures are listed in Exhibit 5.6. However, the geographical distribution ofthese facilities is not even in the area. In general, the cities and towns have moreschools and colleges, compared to the rural areas. Consequently, there is a generaltrend in these areas to go to the cities, particularly for higher education.

Exhibit 5.7 provides the enrollment data for the project area. The highest figures are forJhelum, whereas the Attock district has the lowest enrollment. The difference in maleand female enrollment is also quite wide for most of the districts.

The literacy figures, presented in Exhibit 5.8, show the disparity among various districtsof the project area. Rawalpindi and Islamabad have the highest literacy ratios, whereasAttock has the lowest. This trend is generally in line with the school enrollment ratiosprovided in Exhibit 5.7.

5.3.3 Health Facilities

The data on the health facilities that exist in the project area is provided in Exhibit 5.9.As can be seen from this data, large hospitals are primarily limited to Islamabad andRawalpindi. Much like the geographical distribution of schools and colleges(Exhibit 5.6), most of these facilities are located in cities and towns, and the people fromrural areas usually face considerable hardship in coming to the urban centers for thetreatment of serious diseases.

5A AgricullureThe Potohar region is characterized by severe gully erosion and undulating terrain. As aresult, the cultivable area is usually in small patches. In addition, most parts of theproject area are 'baran' (rain-fed), in view of the absence of the canal irrigation system.Reliance on water from the tube-wells has been increasing in the area.

The use of land is governed by several interacting factors, which are physical, biological,social and economic in nature. A clear vision of these factors is essential for increasedagricultural production in any given region. The Pakistan Agricultural Research Councilin 1980 divided Pakistan in ten agro-ecological zones, based on a survey carried out byFAO and review of the available literature on physiography, climate, soils, land use andother factors affecting agriculture production. These zones are-shown in Exhibit 5.10



and defined in Exhibit 5.11. According to this zonation, the project area falls under the

Zone V, which is characterized by rain-fed irrigation, shallow soils and moderate rainfall.

Wheat and maize are the leading crops of the area, though fruit orchards are also

becoming common in some parts of the Potohar Plateau. Exhibits 5.12 and 5.13

provide the lists of major crops and fruits in the project area, respectively.

The cropping pattern in these areas is provided in Exhibits 5.14 and 5.15. As can be

seen from this data, wheat is the highest grown crop in the area, followed by maize, while

apple is the major fruit of the area.

5.5 Indhustr

The area is not famous for industrial goods like other parts of Punjab. Rawalpindi District

is in a better condition comparatively in this respect. According to the general survey

conducted by the Directorate of Industries and Mineral Development Punjab, at present

there are about 939 industrial units operating in the district Rawalpindi. The progress has

been mostly in the private sector; and the existing industrial units provide employment to

about 3,500 persons. Apparently there is no shortage of skilled workers as the technical

and vocational institutes are operating here. The major industries are Textile, Hosiery,

Silk, Engineering, Food, Flour, Soap, Glass, Chemical, Beverages, Footwear, Furniture

and Fixtures. Apart from the large-scale industries, several small and cottage industries

also exist. There are more than 3000 small/cottage factories producing different kinds of

cloth, bed sheets, bed covers and other similar items. There are cottage industries of

thread ball making, manufacturing of disinfectants like phenyl, polishes and paints,

manufacturing of metal products and plastics, celluloid, stationary and jewelry.

Exhibit 5.16 provides the list of these industries.

5.6 Sites of Archeological, Cultural, Historical or Religious Significance

There exist a large number of sites of archeological, cultural, historical and religious

significance in the project area. The major ones include the archeological ruins in Taxila,

and historical buildings and sites in Wah, Attock, Jhelum and Chakwal. In addition to a

large numbers of shrines in almost all parts of the project area, a holy place for Sikhs

exists in Hasanabdal (Panja Saheb), which is visited by a large number of Sikhs. A list of

these places located in the project area is provided in Exhibit 5.17.

None of the project components are located at or near any known sites of archeological,

cultural, historical and religious significance.


Description of the Socioeconomic Conditions ESCO 6th STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Exhibit 5.1: Population (1998 Census Data)

District Population

Islamabad 8,05,235

Rawalpindi 3,363,911

Chakwal 1,083,725

Jhelum = | 936,957

Attock 1,274,935

Bagh 393,000

Poonch 411,000

Sudhnuti 224,000

Kotii 563,000

Mirpur 334,000

Total 8,589,771

Sources: District Census Reports, 1999 and 2000; GoAJK Official Website.

Exhibit 5.2: Indices of Congestion (1998 Census Data)

IndexDistrict Persons per Persons per Rooms per Housing

Housing Unit Room Unit

Islamabad 6.2 2.1 2.9

Rawalpindi 6.4 1.9 3.4

Chakwal 5.7 I 1.9 2.9

Jhelum | 6.1 2.2 2.8

Attock 6.1 2.3 2.6

Bagh 7.4

Poonch 7.6

Sudhnuti 7.3 Data not available

Kotli 7.3

Mirpur 6.8

Sources: Distnct Census Reports, 1999 and 2000; GoAJK Official Website.


Description of the Socioeconomic Conditions IESCO 6 t STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Exhibit 5.3: Source of Drinking Water (1998 Census Data)

ICT and Districts in Punjab

L Source of Drinking Water (%)

Inside OutsideDistrict___ ____Ousd

Han FHan

Pipe Pump Well Pipe Pump Well Pond Others

Islamabad j 57.3 5.0 7.8 | 6.1 1.9 18.3 0.5 3.1

Rawalpindi 41.3 7.2 19.3 7.1 1.7 18.1 0.5 !

Chakwal 21.4 34.3 7.1 3.3 1 11.2 14.8 | 2.3 5.6

Jhelum 27.2 y264 12.6 11.0 4.1 13.4 2.0 3.3

Atock I 27.0 16.6 1 18.4 3.5 6.9 { 18.9 5.1 3.6


AJK Districts

District % Coverage of Piped Water % Coverage of Piped Water

in Urban Areas in Rural Areas

Bagh 70 I 53

Poonch 21 91

Sudhnuti 28 94

Kotli 99 68

Mirpur 93 73

Source: GoAJK Official Website.

Exhibit 5.4: Source of Lighting (1998 Census Data)

Source of Lighting Used (%)District

Electricity Kerosene Oil | Others

Islamabad j 91.5 8.0 0.5

Rawalpindi 91.0 j 8.5 0.5

Chakwal 69.7 29.6 0.7

Jhelum 83.1 J 16.3 0.6

Attock 69.7 29.7 0.6


Note: Data for the AJK districts not available.

LA 5-8 August 2006DRT06VO21ES-S05

Description of the Socioeconomic Conditions IESCO 6Th STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Exhibit 5.5: Source of Cooking Fuel (1998 Census Data)

ii Source of Cooking Fuel Used (%)District .Wood Kerosene Oil I Gas Others

Islamabad 38.2 4.4 56.0 1.4

Rawalpindi 39.6 4.3 52.9 3.2

Chakwal 85.7 2.1 1 8.9 3.3Jhelum 72.9 9.2 j 15.4 2.5

Attock 76.2 2.7 17.4 3.7

Source: District Census Reports, 1999 and 2000.Note: Data for the AJK districts not available.

Exhibit 5.6: Education (1998 Census Data)

Numbers EnrollmentDistrict Schools i Universities I Schools Universities

and Colleges I Others and Colleges O

Islamabad 354 24 0 187,744 295,292 | 0Rawalpindi 2,901 46 394 595,000 60,809 ! 26,734Chakwal 1,248 7 208 NA NA NAJhelum NA NA NA NA NA NAAttock 1,192 9 236 NA NA NABagh 341 NA NA NA NA NAPoonch 818 NA NA NA NA NASudhnuti 475 NA NA NA NA NA

Kotli 1,014 NA NA NA NA NA

Mirpur 591 NA NA NA NA NA

Sources: Distrct Census Reports, 1999 and 2000; and GoAJK Official Website. NA: Data not available

Exhibit 5.7: Enrollment Ratio (1998 Census Data)

District | Both Sexes (%) Males (%) Females (%)

Islamabad 57.5 57.7 57.3Rawalpindi 61.3 65.0 57.4Chakwal 47.2 54.1 40.5Jhelum 63.6 77.4 50.1

Attock 22.4 27.5 17.4

Source: District Census Reports, 1999 and 2000.Note: Data for the AJK distrcts not available.

5-9 August 2006DRTo6V02IES-S05

Descrption of the Socioeconomic Conditions iESCO 6' STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Exhibit 5.8: Literacy Ratio (1998 Census Data)

District Both Sexes (%) Males (%) I Females (%)

Islamabad 72.4 80.6 62.4

Rawalpindi 70.4 81.2 59.2

Chakwal 56.7 73.4 42.2

Jhelum L 68.9 77.7 | 50.5

Attock 49.3 66.9 32.0

Bagh | NA j_= NA

Poonch NA NA

Sudhnuti 60.0 NA NA

Kotli NA NA

Mirpur NA i NA

Sources: Distnct Census Reports, 1999 and 2000; and GoAJK Official Website.

NA: Data not available.

e5L_& 6-10 August 2006

DRT06Vo2IES-S05

Description of the Socioeconomic Conditions IESCO 6h STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Exhibit 5.9: Healthcare Facilities (1998 Census Data)

Number of Healthcare Facilities

OthersDistrict Hospitals District Tehsil Basic Rural Maternity T.B (Sub Health

(150 beds Headquarter Headquarter Health Health Community Clinics Centers,and above) Hospitals Hospitals Units Centres Health Centres Dispensaries and

Private Facilities)Islamabad 6 - - 13 3 1 35Rawalpindi 13 12 200Chakwal - 1 1 66 9 2 - 6Jhelum - 1 1 40 6 10 1 74Attock 3 1 4 57 5 4 2 32Bagh - 2 17 6 23 6 61Poonch 2 1 19 5 19 6 42Sudhnuti - - - 1 10 5 19 6 50Kotli 2 37 3 31 9 71Mirpur 1 19 4 20 - 60Sources: District Census Reports, 1999 and 2000; and GoAJK Official Website.

eLA 5-11 August 2006

DRT06V021ES-S05

Description of the Socioeconomic Conditions IESCO 6 h STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Exhibit 5.10: Agro-ecological Zones of Pakistan

S

- B

0 2W0 400 600 800 Kilometers

e 5-12 August 2006DRT06VO21ES-So5

Description of the Socioeconomic Conditions IESCO 6th STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Exhibit 5.11: Characteristics of Agro-ecological Zones of Pakistan

Temperature Rain . OtherZone Region (IC) (mm) Soil Crops Features

I Indus Delta 34-40 125-250 Clayey Soil Rice, Salinity of19-20 Silty Soil Sugarcane, Soil,

Pulses, PoorBerseem, DrainageWheat

11 Southern 38-45 125-250 Silt Loam, Rice, Wheat, 20% Saltirrigated plain 8-12 Sandy Cotton, Affected

Loam, Silty Sorghum, AreaClay Mustered,

Sugarcane,Gram

111(a) Sandy Desert 39-41 125-250 Sandy Soils, Guar, Millets, Dust Storm7 Moving Sand Wheat are Common

Dunes;

Clayey Soils

111(b) Sandy Desert 40 150-350 Stable Sand Gram, Wheat, Intemal5.5 Ridges Cotton, Drainage

(sand and Sugarcaneloamy finesand soils)

IV(a) Northem 39.5-42 200-500 Sandy Loam, Rice, Wheat, CanalIrrigated 6-6.2 Clayey Loam Cotton, IrrigatedPlain Sugarcane, Cropping

Maize,Oilseeds,Melons

IV(b) Northem 38 500 Clayey Sugarcane, IntensivelyIrrigated 5 Maize, CultivatedPlain Tobacco, Area

Wheat,Berseem

V Barani Land 38-38.5 200-1000 Silty Loam, Wheat, Millets, Shallow3.7 Silty Clayey Rice, Maize, Soils

loam, Clay Oilseeds, UnsuitableLoam Pulses, Fodder for Root

Growth

VI Wet 35 >1000 Silt Loams, Maize, Wheat, Steepmountain 0-4 Silty Rice, Mountain

Clay Deciduous SlopesFruit

VIl Northern Dry Varied 300-1000 Deep and Maize, Wheat, Glaciers andMountains Clayey formed Fodders, Fruit, Snow fields

of Colluvial Apricotmaterial andalluvialdeposits


Description of the Socioeconomic Conditions IESCO 6' STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

...Continued, Exhibit 5.11

Zone Region (°C) (Rmain) Soil Crops Other

Vill Western Dry 30-39 125-500 Strongly Fruit, Wheat, NumerousMountain 3-7.7 Calcareous Vegetables, Hill Torrents

Soils; fodder, Maize

Gravely soils

IX Dry Westem 33-40.5 50-200 Strongly Tropical Fruits, SailabaPlateau 3 -15 Calcareous Wheat agriculture

Silt Loams Summer system

Gravely soils Cereals

X Sulaiman 40-43.6 125-250 Loamy, Clayey Wheat, Gram, SailabaPiedmont 5.8 - 7.6 Lentils, agriculture

Oilseeds, Millet system

Sorghum



Exhibit 5.12: Major Crops of Northem Punjab

Districts Crops

Islamabad Wheat, Maize, Jawar, Pulses

Rawalpindi Wheat, maize, bajra, jawar, barley, cotton, gram,mung, mash, masoor

Chakwal Wheat, maize, bajra, jawar, gram, mung, mash,masoor, groundnut

Jhelum Wheat, rice, cotton, sugarcane

Attock Wheat, barley, gram, oilseed, jowar, bajra,groundnut, maize, pulses

Source: Distnct Census Reports, 1999 and 2000.

Note: Data for the AJK distrcts not available.

Exhibit 5.13: Major Fruits of Northem Punjab

Districts Fruits

Islamabad Kinno, lemon, orange, guava, apricot

Rawalpindi Citrus, mango, banana, apple, guava, apricot,peach, pears

Chakwal Roses that are supplied to the nurseries presentin the district

Jhelum | Orange, kinno, lemon, loquat, Jamolan, mulberry

Attock

Source: Distrct Census Reports, 1999 and 2000.



Description of the Socioeconomic Conditions ESCO 6 ' STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Exhibit 5.14: Cropping Pattern

Area Production YieldCrop in District

(000 Hectares) (000 Tons) (Kg/ Hectares)

Wheat

Islamabad 15,800 acres 17,500 1,107

Rawalpindi 121.80 138.20 1134

Chakwal 135.2 137.4 1,016

Jhelum 63.0 76.0 -

Attock I 396,505 acres | - 685

Rice

Islamabad - I

Rawalpindi

Chakwal - :

Jhelum 1.0 1.0

Attock

Maize

Islamabad 11,100 acres 10,300 927

Rawalpindi 46.50 44.40 I 954

Chakwal 0.6 0.6 | 1,000

Jhelum - -|

Attock 40,625 acres | 480

Sugarcane

Islamabad l |-

Rawalpindi - -

Chakwal |-

Jhelum 0.2 ,10

Attockil-,

Cotton

Islamabadl

Rawalpindi 187 41 471

Chakwal l -

Jhelum 10.5 0.5

Attock

5-16 August 2006DRT06VO21ES-So5


...Continued Exhibit 5.14.

Area Production YieldI (000 Hectares) (000 Tons) (Kg/ Hectares)

Gram

Islamabad -

Rawalpindi 0.80 0.30 375

Chakwal 9.9 4.3 434

Jhelum - -

Attock 9,315 - 205

Jowar (Sorghum)

Islamabad | 1,700 acres 800 470

Rawalpindi 34.70 15.80 455

Chakwal | - |- -

Jhelum IAttock 52,825 acres - 120- .- -- -- - -

Bajra (Millet)

Islamabad -

Rawalpindi I 7.80 2.20 282

Chakwal 17.5 5.0 285

Jhelum i ,

Attock 12,475 acres - 95

Barley

Islamabad -

Rawalpindi | 0.70 0.40 571

Chakwal

Jhelum I - -


Mung

Islamabad ;

Rawalpindi 3,055 634 I 207

Chakwal 1,145 272 237

Jhelum I -

Attock

Mash _

Islamabad -

Rawalpindi 8,906 2469 277

Chakwal -- 1,012 305 301

Jhelum

Attock ! - -


Description of the Socioeconomic Conditions IESCO 6!' STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report


Area Production YieldCrop in District (000 Hectares) (000 Tons) (Kg/ Hectares)

Masoor (lentil)

Islamabad 8 3 -Rawalpindi 8,163 3,024 370

Chakwal 2,680 997 372

Jhelum - -

Attock --

Groundnut

Islamabad - - |

Rawalpindi -

Chakwal | 42,146 | 41,046 | 973

Jhelum - -


Pulses

Islamabad 5,975 acres 2,248 206 -400

Rawalpindi _Chakwal | - -

Jhelum j _ --

Attock 745 acres | 30

Oilseed j

Islamabad - |

Rawalpindi --

Chakwal :_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .. . ---

Jhelum - - |


Source: Distnct Census Reports, 1999 and 2000.


5-18 August 2006DRT06VO2IES-S05

Description of the Socioeconomic Conditions IESCO 6th STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Exhibit 5.15: Horticulture Pattem

Area Production YieldDistrict (00 Hectares) (000 Tons) (Kg! Hectares)

Mango

Rawalpindi 4.00 32.00 8,000

Banana

Rawalpindi 3.00 18.00 6,000

Guava

Islamabad - - E

Rawalpindi 26.00 | 193.00 7,423

Apple

Rawalpindi 243.00 2239.00 9,213

Citrus

Rawalpindi 32.00 241.00 7,531

Kinno

Islamabad

Lemon

Islamabad - -

Orange

Islamabad

Apricot

Islamabad

Rawalpindi 5.00 25.00 5,000

Peach

Rawalpindi 3.00 18.00 6,000

Pears

Rawalpindi 5.00 36.00 1 7,200


Note: Data for the AJK distncts not available.

5-19 August 2006DRTo6V02IES-S05

Description of the Socioeconomic Conditions IESCO 6¶h STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Exhibit 5.16: Major Industries of Northem Punjab

District Major Industry

Islamabad Flour mills, engineering, garments, ghee and oil mills, feed mills, telephoneindustries, press, auto industries, ceramics, marble factories, steel mills,pharmaceutical, woolen mills, soap and chemical industries, wood andfurniture industries, beverages industries, electronics, spicier, breadindustry

Rawalpindi Kohinoor textile mills, watan woolen mills, banday textile mills, yousaf textilemills, silk industry, woolen mills, hosiery industry, engineering industry, foodindustry, flour mills, soap industry, glass factories, chemical factories, drinks(beverages), foot wear, furniture and fixture industry.Cottage industries: hand looms; thread ball making; manufacturing ofdisinfectants like phenyl, polishes, paints; manufacturing of metal products,foot wear like khussa, kashmiri shawls; pashmina/ crafts and hand loomwoolen cloth; marble and other stone craft making.

Chakwal Kohinoor Spinning mills, Chakwal textile mills, Kohinoor textile mills, AlI Qaim textile mills, Al Qadir Textile mills, Mehr Textile, Al Faisal Flour Mills,

Rizwan Textile Mills, Janjua Flour Mills,Small Industries: brick kilns, poultry farms, hatcheries, fish farms, cattlefarms, quail farms, marble factories, furniture manufacturing units, shoemanufacturing units, clay crockery manufacturing units.Cottage industries: embroidery, stitching, khussa making, wood work, clayutensils, clay toys, dying, metal works, silver and gold ornaments, andfireworks.

Jhelum Pakistan Tobacco Company, Alliance Textile Mills, Pakistan Chip BoardFactory, K.D.C of Chemicals, Boards and Plywood Factory, Rani GheeMills, ICI Soda Ash Factory, National and Dhandot Cement Factories,Gharibwal Cement Factory.Cottage Industries: Khais making, production of Chattai and goldenembroidery work on shoes.

Attock Lawrencepur Woolen and Textile Mills, Sathi Flour Mills, New Sathi FlourMills, Karim Aziz industries, Wah Stone Works, Khawaja Glass Industries,Neelum Glass Industries, Gunj Glass Works, Ali Glass Works, TexillaCotton Mills, Margalla Textile Mills, K.S.B Pumps, Burhan Woolen Mills,Sohail Flour Mills, Al Khalid Flour Mills, Attock Flour Mills, Darya Flour Mills,Shama Flour Mills, Campbellpur Flour Mills, Live Flying Gas private Limited,Fon Gas Filling, PSO Gas, Pakistan Oil Field Limited, Sui Southern Gas,Life Lime Gas Private Limited, Fon Gas Filling, Burshane Gas Filling Plant,Attock Textile Mills, Famous Flour Mills, Siraj Flour Mills, KamraAeronautical Complex, Sanjwal Ordinance Factories, Wah OrdinanceFactories, Heavy Mechanical Complex Texilla.



e 5-20 August 2006DRT06V02IES-S05

Description of the Socioeconomic Conditions IESCO 6"' STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Exhibit 5.17: Places of Archeological, Historical or Religious Significance

Description Location

Pharwala Fort About 22 km from Islamabad on Soan Bank,District Rawalpindi

Buddhist Stupa Bhallar, Rawalpindi

Buddhist Stupa Mankiyala, Rawalpindi

Rawat Fort Rewat, District Rawalpindi

Archeological remains at Taxila (Bhir Mound, Taxila, District RawalpindiHatial, Sirkap, Sir Sukh, Jaulian, Mohra Moraduand others)

Babar Khan Taxila, District Rawalpindi

Nicholson Monument Taxila, District Rawalpindi

Mughlai Gardens Wah, District Rawalpindi

Losar Baoli Wah, District Rawalpindi

Attock Fort Attock Khurd on Indus Bank, District Attock

Begum Sarai On GT Road near Attock Khurd, District Attock

Shrine of Baba Wali Qandhari District Attock

Gurdwara Punja Saheb Hasanabdal, District Attock

Lala Rukh Tomb Hasanabdal, District Attock

Hakim's Tomb Hasanabdal, District Attock

Saidan Baoli Hatti, District Attock

Chitti Baoli District Attock

Behram ki Baradari District Attock

Tilla Jogian f About 32 km west of Jhelum City, DistrictJhelum

Rohtas Fort About 16 km northwest of Jhelum City, DistrictJhelum

Dhamiak Sohawa, District Jhelum

Nandana About 22 km from Choa Saidan Shah, DistrictJhelum

Kallar Kahar District Chakwal

Katas Raj Choa Saidan Shah, District Chakwal

Malot Fort Between Kallar Kahar and Choa Saidan Shah,I District Chakwal

Sources: District Census Reports (1999 and 2000); Guidelines for Sensitive and Critical Areas; Pak-EPA(1997).


IESCO 6"' STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Analysis of Project Alternatives

This Chapter discusses various project altematives that were considered during thedesign phase. The alternatives in this Chapter have been organized in three broadcategories: management, siting and technical altematives.

6.1 Management Alteratives

6.1.1 No Project Altemative

As described in Section 1.2, the electricity demand has been increasing during the pastseveral years, and this trend is expected to continue as a result of the on-going economicuplift in the country. The key factors fueling the increasing power demand includeincreasing population, rapid urbanization, industrialization, improvement in per capitaincome and village electrification.

In order to match the increasing trend in the power demand, regular investments invarious segments of the power network - generation, transmission, and distribution - isvitally important. Otherwise, the gap between the supply and demand will keep onincreasing.

The proposed project seeks to upgrade the secondary transmission and grid network ofthe IESCO system, as well as rehabilitate the HT/LT feeders. Establishing new gridstations and augmenting/converting/upgrading the existing ones will provide the muchneeded relief to the over-loaded system, while also accommodating additional load. Thenew grid stations and the HT/LT rehabilitation works will also reduce the line losses andpower breakdowns.

In case the proposed project is not undertaken, the IESCO system will not be able tocope with the increasing demand, the existing system will remain over-loaded, line losseswill also remain high, and the system reliability will progressively decrease, withincreasing pressure on the system. The Utility will also forego the opportunity ofincreasing its consumers as well as revenue associated with the system expansion.

In view of the above, the 'no project' option is not a preferred alternative.

6.2 SitIng AMematives

6.2.1 Grid Station Sites

For Bahter More, Sohawa and Gangal grid stations, multiple alternative sites wereconsidered. However, these alternatives were quite similar with respect to environmentaland social aspects. For the Adyala grid station, IESCO already owns the site, and for theMES grid station, the Cantonment Authorities have identified the site. Hence for thesetwo grid stations, no alternative sites were considered.


Analysis of Project Altematives IESCO 6th STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

6.2.2 Transmission Line Routes

While selecting the transmission line route, the GSC crew generally identifies threeoptions. These include the shortest possible route between the two ends of the proposedtransmission line. However this may not always be the most feasible route, in view of thesettlements or any other sensitive area that come in the way. Therefore the mostpreferable route is the one which avoids settlements and other sensitive areas.

For the proposed project, the GSC surveyor team could not identify three alternate routesbecause of shortage of time. However, while surveying the routes, the GSC teamconsidered multiple routing options, and made efforts to avoid settlements and othersensitive locations as far as possible. The key routing options of the transmission linesare discussed below.

Murree - Minhasa Transmission Line: The shortest possible route for this transmissionline would pass over the residential areas of Murree and some Army facilities. Therefore,the route has been shifted to further north, running roughly parallel to the Murree -Bhurban - Kohala Road. Though the initial segment of this proposed route passesthrough forested areas, the selected route is the best option available. Shifting the routefurther north down the valley may partially avoid the forested area, but then the route willbecome close to the Ayubia National Park. Shifting the route south of the proposedalignment will take it over the populated area, hence that is not a viable option either.Furthermore, the proposed route will generally follow the existing 33-kV transmission line,for which a corridor is already available. This will minimize the need of any tree felling.Hence the proposed route minimizes the impacts of the proposed transmission line, andis therefore the preferred option.

Plandri - Trar Khal Transmission Line: The shortest possible route of this proposedtransmission line would pass through the difficult terrain, away from the Plandri - TrarKhal Road. This would result in difficulties during the transmission line construction,while the maintenance activities will also be cumbersome and time consuming, owing tothe distance from the road. Therefore, the proposed route has been chosen roughlyparallel to the Plandri - Trar Khal Road. Furthermore, the proposed route generallyfollows the existing 33-kV transmission line, using its corridor, and minimizing thedamage to the environment.

Pir Wadhai - MES Grid Station Transmission Line: The shortest route between thesetwo locations would pass over the thickly populated areas of the Rawalpindi city. Theproposed route, though longer in length, generally follows the roads and avoids passingover the built-up areas.

6.3 Technical Allematives

6.3.1 Type of Grid Station

Generally, two types of grid station designs are available: conventional and gas-insulated.

The conventional grid stations have open yards for transformers and their accessoriesand the control panels and feeder panels are placed indoors. These grid stations require

e 6-2 July 2006DRT06VO21ES-S06

Analysis of Project Altematives IESCO 6'h STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

a large area (about 4 acres), which might be a problem in congested urban areas. The

environmental and socioeconomic aspects of this type of grid station include safetyhazard for the nearby population, particularly in the congested urban areas.

The gas insulated grid stations (GIS) on the other hand employ a very compact design,and most of equipment is fully enclosed and gas insulated. This allows the entire system

to be placed indoors in considerably small space compared to the conventional design.

However, the cost of these grid stations is several times higher than the conventional

ones.

In view of the fact that most of the new grid stations as part of the proposed project are

being planned outside the congested urban areas, the availability of land is not a

problem. Hence the additional cost associated with the GIS cannot be justified, and the

conventional grid station design is the preferred option for the proposed project.

6.3.2 Type of Circuit Breakers

Traditionally, oil-filled circuit breakers used to be installed at the 132-kV and 1 1-kV levels.

The leakage or spillage of the oil from these circuit breakers could potentially

contaminate soil and water.

However, now SF6 circuit breakers are available for 132-kV and above, and vacuum

circuit breakers are available for the 1 1-kV system. These breakers have very effective

arc-quenching characteristics, compared to the old oil-type breakers. Therefore, these

modem circuit breakers are the preferred option for the proposed project.

The environmental aspects of the oil-filled circuit breakers essentially pertain to the of soil

and water contamination caused by the possible oil leakage.

6.3.3 Type of Transformer Oil

Traditionally, transformer oil - meant for providing insulation and cooling of the

transformer windings - used to contain poly-chiorinated biphenyls (PCB), a man-made

chemical known for its excellent dielectric properties. However, this chemical was then

found to be highly toxic, and more importantly, chemically very stable. Hence this

chemical would not decompose or disintegrate naturally. Due to this property of PCB, itwas included in a group of chemicals collectively known as persistent organic pollutants(POPs). Appendix E provides more information on PCBs.

Although, production and use of the PCB containing transformer oil is not allowedanymore in the West, it is still being used locally. In view of their extremely harmfuleffects however, use of this oil is not a preferred option for all applications, including theproposed project.

IESCO's specifications for the procurement of transformers clearly mention that thetransformer oil should be PCB-free (though nc tests are performed to confirm this).Hence the equipment purchased as part of this project would be PCB-free.

ei=N 6-3 July 2006DRT06VO21ES-S06

Analysis of Project Alternatives IESCO 6"t STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

6.3.4 Type of Transmission Line Towers

Single Circuit vs. Double Circuit

For the 132-kV single-circuit transmission lines, there are two possible options for thetype of the towers: single circuit and double circuit. The single circuit towers aredesigned for one circuit of the transmission line only, and there is no room for the secondcircuit in the future. On the other hand, using the double circuit towers for the singlecircuit transmission line provides the future expansion capacity on the same towers. Thecost of the double circuit towers is slightly higher than the single circuit variants, however,in view of their expansion capacity, these towers are the preferred options for all thesingle circuit transmission lines which are included in the proposed project.

The environmental and socioeconomic aspects of the double-circuit tower include smallerfootprint and lower land acquisition requirements (compared to two single-circuit towers).

Tower vs. Tubular Pole

The base of the transmission line towers is about 10 m xlO m, and finding this muchspace in congested urban areas may be a problem. For such applications, WAPDA hasbeen using tubular steel poles which require considerably less space. These poles arequite expensive compared to the conventional towers.

The environmental and socioeconomic aspect of the tubular pole includes smallerfootprint, compared to the conventional tower.

Some of the transmission lines as part of the proposed project would need to passthrough congested city areas (eg, from Pir Wadhai to MES grid station). For suchtransmission lines, the preferred option would be to use the tubular poles.

6.3.5 Construction Methodology Options

The transmission line towers require foundations to be built to support their weight. Tobuild these foundations, excavation has to be carried out. In the rocky areas, theseexcavations can be carried out through blasting, or alternatively, by using mechanicalmeans. Usually, blasting is a quicker method, however, in some areas this may not bethe preferred option, particularly, in wildlife sensitive areas.

The environmental and socioeconomic aspects associated with the blasting includesafety hazard for communities and livestock, noise and vibration, damage to naturalvegetation, disturbance to wildlife and soil erosion.

The initial 5-km section of the Murree - Minhasa transmission line would pass throughthe hilly area, where blasting may be required. However, in view of the sensitivity of thearea (proximity to the Ayubia National Park and fauna of the areas), the blasting maylead to significant adverse impacts. Hence for this segment of the route, alternativemeans for excavation would be employed.

e, 6-4 July 2006DRT06VO21ES-S06


7 SUkeholder Consulaons

This Chapter provides the objectives, process and outcome of the stakeholdersconsultations conducted as part of the ESA study.

7.1 Objectives

The stakeholder consultation is an integral part of the environmental and socialassessment for a project such as the 6t STG and ELR, and aims to provide a two-waycommunication channel between the stakeholders and the project proponents. In linewith this aim, the objectives of the stakeholder consultation conducted as part of thepresent ESA were to:

* develop and maintain communication links between the project proponents andstakeholders,

* provide key project information to the stakeholders, and to solicit their views on theproject and its potential or perceived impacts, and

* ensure that views and concems of the stakeholders are incorporated into the projectdesign and implementation with the objectives of reducing or offsetting negativeimpacts and enhancing benefits of the proposed project.

An attempt has been made during the present ESA to initiate consultations with thestakeholders, to solicit their views and concerns, and to address these concems whiledeveloping the mitigation plan for the proposed project.

72 rarticipafon FrameworkThe stakeholder consultation is a continued process, and should be maintainedthroughout the project. The consultations carried out during the present ESA andreported in this Chapter are essentially a first step in this process. During the subsequentproject phases as well, participation of the project stakeholders need to be ensured.

Exhibit 7.1 charts out the proposed participation framework during different projectphases, while Exhibit 7.2 provides the conceptual framework employed during thestakeholders consultation carried out as part of the present ESA.

713 Stakehsider ldentificalien

Stakeholder analysis was carried out to identify relevant stakeholders on the basis oftheir ability to influence the project or their vulnerability to be negatively impacted from it.This approach ensured that no relevant groups are excluded from the consultation, andappropriate engagement strategies are developed for each stakeholder.

Key stakeholders consulted at various levels include:

* People directly affected by the Project (ie, project affected persons or PAPs).

* Project beneficiaries

ALA 7-1 August 2006DRT06V021ES-S07

Stakeholder Consultations IESCO 6"' STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

* IESCO officials

* District govemments (revenue and other departments)

* Environment Protection Agency

* The broader interested community

* The NGOs, intemational organizations and other interest groups.

7A Consultation Process

Consultations with the project stakeholders were carried out while conducting the presentESA. A participatory and consultative approach was employed for information gatheringand data collection.

Meetings were held with a range of key informants as well as government and civilsociety stakeholders at different levels. The focus group discussions with smaller groupsof grassroots stakeholders were held, whereas one-to-one meetings were held with theinstitutional stakeholders. These discussions were held with project affected people,project beneficiaries and other local communities in Islamabad, Rawalpindi, Attock,Jhelum, Chakwal, Punch and Mirpur districts. This process of public consultation wasconceived to interact meaningfully with affected communities and other stakeholders.The consultations also helped better understand local knowledge with respect to thevarious sets of issues and concerns, and integrate these into the project design andEMP.

7.5 Consultations with Institutional Stakeholders

The institutional stakeholder consultations were held with the representatives of thefollowing organizations:

* Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

* Energy Wing - Planning Commission, Government of Pakistan

* Sustainable Development Policy Institute (SDPI)

* Worldwide Fund for Nature (WWF)

* National Environmental Action Plan (NEAP)

* Intemational Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).

In addition, a meeting was also held with Dr Yusuf Hyat, who was part of the PersistentOrganic Pollutants (POPs) Project.

Concerns Raised by Institutional Stakeholder

The institutional stakeholders raised several concems and provided usefulsuggestions/recommendations. These are provided below.

* IESCO should fulfill the regulatory requirement of conducting environmentalassessment of all of its projects.

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Stakeholder Consultations IESCO 6th STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

* The project proponent should develop organizational capability for theimplementation of EMP, and to handle environmental as well as social issues duringthe project implementation as well as routine operation of the organization.

* The issues related to land acquisition and compensation should be appropriatelyaddressed during the proposed project.

* Installation of the underground PVC cables should be considered near the gridstations in the congested urban areas.

* Possible damage to the flora and fauna particularly along the Murree - Minhasatransmission line route should be addressed during the project.

* The construction related issues - such as waste disposal, soil erosion and hazardsfor the nearby communities - should be adequately addressed during the proposedproject.

* The potential environmental issues during the operation and maintenance of theproposed project - such as soil and water contamination caused by theleakage/spillage of the PCB-containing transformer oil - should be adequatelymitigated.

* IESCO should have PCB testing arrangements at its grid stations and workshops.

* The PCB-containing transformer oil should be eliminated from the IESCO system.

* The effects of electromagnetic radiation caused by the high power transmission linesshould be appropriately addressed during the proposed project.

• The possible obstruction to the avifauna caused by the transmission lines,particularly while passing over the rivers should be addressed during the project.

76 Grass Root Stakeholders Consultatimns

The grass root consultations were carried out at the following project locations:

* Murree - Minhasa transmission line route

* Kotli - Chak Swari transmission line route

* Azad Pattan - Plandri - Trar Khal transmission line route

* Fateh Jang - Ammadal - Pindi Gheb transmission line route

* Choa Saidan Shah - Dandot - Pinanwal transmission line route

* New grid station sites at Sohawa, Bahter More, Adyala Road and MES.

Exhibit 7.3 presents list of the discussants and the key issues raised during theconsultations. The questionnaire used during the consultations is provided inExhibit 7.4. A summary of these consultations is presented below; details of theconsultations are provided in Appendix D.


Stakeholder Consultations IESCO 6th STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Murree - Minhasa Transmission Line Route

During the consultations, people complained about low voltage, frequent interruptionsand voltage fluctuations in the area which was causing a lot of hardship as well asdamage to the electric appliances.

Their main concern regarding the proposed project was the possibility of the transmissionline passing through the privately owned land. They informed that the transmission linesand feeders could cause forest fires and safety hazard for people and livestock. Theyexpected IESCO to take all necessary precautions to avoid such problems. They alsoshared their concerns regarding the transmission lines passing through the settlements.

Kotli - Chak Swari Transmission Line Route

During the consultations, people complained about low voltage, frequent interruptionsand voltage fluctuations in the area which was causing a lot of hardship as well asfinancial loss to the residents of the area. They generally appreciated the proposedproject, and were supportive of the initiative.

Their main apprehensions regarding the proposed project was the possibility of thetransmission line passing through the privately owned land. They expected IESCO toconsult them before acquiring any land and payment of full compensation. They alsorecommended that the transmission line route should avoid thickly populated areas.

Azad Pattan - Plandri -Trar Khal - Hajira Transmission Line Route

During the consultations, people complained about low voltage, frequent interruptionsand voltage fluctuations in the area. This was causing a lot of hardship as well asfinancial loss to the residents of the area. They generally appreciated the proposedproject, and were supportive of the initiative.

The main apprehension that was shared by the people during the consultations was theover-billing by the electricity department, and they thought this problem might continue,even aggravate, as a result of the project.

Fateh Jang - Ammadal - Pindi Gheb Transmission Line Route

People of the area regularly face low voltage, long load-shedding, frequent interruptionsand voltage fluctuations in the area. This was causing a lot of hardship as well asfinancial loss to the residents of the area. They generally appreciated the proposed gridstation in the area, and were supportive of the initiative.

The apprehensions regarding the proposed project was shared by the respondentincluded the possibility of the transmission line passing through the privately owned land.They expected IESCO to consult them before acquiring any land and payment of fullcompensation. They also recommended that the transmission line route should avoidsettlements.

Choa Saidan Shah - Dandot-Pinanwal Transmission Line RoutePeople of the area regularly face low voltage, long load-shedding, frequent interruptionsand voltage fluctuations in the area. This was causing a lot of hardship as well asfinancial loss to the residents of the area. They generally appreciated the proposed gridstation in the area, and were supportive of the initiative.


Stakeholder Consultations iESCO 6' STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

One of the concerns of the people was the risk of electrocution. They observed that newtransmission line would increase the risk to their lives and property.

The respondent generally expected IESCO to take all necessary precautions to minimizethe electrocution risk. They also recommended that the transmission line should avoid

the settlements.

New Grid Station Sites

People of the area regularly face low voltage, long load-shedding, frequent interruptionsand voltage fluctuations in the area. This was causing a lot of hardship as well asfinancial loss to the residents of the area. They generally appreciated the proposed gridstation in the area, and were supportive of the initiative.

Their main concern was the payment of cost of land. They expected that IESCO will paymarket price to the land owner(s). Another of their concerns was over-billing by theelectricity department (IESCO), and felt that this problem would escalate as a result ofthe proposed project.

7. Summary o1 Concerns and RecommemiaUins

A summary of the concerns raised and recommendations provided by the institutional aswell as the grass root stakeholders is provided in Exhibit 7.5. An attempt has beenmade, during the present ESA, to address these concerns (discussed in Chapters 8 and

9).

e 7-5 August 2006DRT06V02lES-S07

Stakeholder Consultations IESCO 6' STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Exhibit 7.1: Participation Framework

Project Stage ' Proposed Tool Stakeholders Consulted Responsibility

Project Design Meetings with institutional stakeholders (carried out ' Institutional stakeholders; ESA consultant.Phase during the present ESA); Grass root stakeholders, including

Meetings with grass root stakeholders (carried out the communities to be affectedduring the present ESA) during the project implementation.

E (See Section 7.3 for a list of key stakeholders.) _

Project Sharing of the Resettlement Plan with the affected Institutional stakeholders; ESI;Construction communities (and other stakeholders). Grass root stakeholders, including ESMPhase the communities to be affected (see Section 10 for the

during the project implementation. definition and roles of ESIand ESM).

Grievance Redressal Mechanism and Social Complaint The affected communities. ESI;Register (discussed in Chapter 10). ESM.

Consultations with the communities during Compliance Affected communities. ESI;Monitoring and Effects Monitoring (discussed in ESM.Section 10).

Fortnightly meetings at the site. IESCO site staff; ESI;Contractors. ESM.

Consultations with the project affectees / communities Affected communities. External monitoringduring the external monitoring (discussed in consultant.Chapter 10).

Consultations with the project affectees / communities IESCO site staff; WB monitoring mission.during the site visits by the WB monitoring mission. Contractors;

The affected communities.

Project I Liaison with the communities around the grid stations; IThe communities around the grid IESCO O&M staff;Operation Liaison with the communities along the transmission stations and along the IESCO Environmental CellPhase line routes. ine routes. (discussed in Chapter 10).

AN 7-6 August 2006

DRT06V02IES-S07 '

Stakeholder Consultations IESCO 6'h STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

....Cont'd., Exhibit 7.1.

Project Stage Proposed Tool Stakeholders Consulted Responsibility

ESAs of Meetings with institutional stakeholders; Institutional stakeholders; ESA Consultant.subsequent Meetings with grass root stakeholders. Grass root stakeholders, includingphases of the the communities to be affected6th STG Project. during the project implementation;

Affectees of the previous phase ofthe project (ie, 6'h STG Project,2006-07).

61gN 7-7 August2006DRT06VO21ES-S07

Stakeholder Consultations IESCO 6'" STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Exhibit 7.2: Conceptual Framework

Identification of grassrootslevel and management level

stakeholders

Individual Individual Group consultationconsultation with the consultation with the with the grassrootsmanagement level grassroots level level stakeholders

stakeholders stakeholders

Discussion on the likely impacts |of the project

Identification of the mitigation of 1the impacts of the project

{LAN 7-8 August 2006DRT06VO21ES-S07


Exhibit 7.3: List of Participants during Grass Root Consultations

Location | Number of Key Issue Discussed| Participants

Bhurban (between 9 Inadequacy of the existing power supplyMurree and (villagers, in the area;Minhasa) mostly Forest fires and safety hazards caused

farmers and by transmission line;shopkeepers) Possibility of the transmission line

passing through the settlement;I Compensation for the land acquisition.

Osiah (between 6 Frequent power failures and voltageMurree and (residents of the fluctuation;Minhasa) village) Safety hazard caused by the

transmission line and feeders, for thepeople of the area.

Kohala (between 6 Frequent power failures and voltageMurree and (shopkeepers, fluctuation;Minhasa) workers at the tea 1 Possibility of dedicated feeder for the

I stalls and farmers) area.No apprehensions on the proposedproject.

Kotli (AJK) 7 Frequent power failures and voltage(residents of the I fluctuation;town) I Over billing;

Compensation for land acquisition;Safety precautions to be taken during theproject works.

Barali (between Kotli 5 Safety hazard caused by the electricityand Chak Swari) | (farmers, workers network for people as well as livestock;

at the shops and Low voltage and frequent power shutdaily wage eamers) down;

Loss of agriculture land.

Nar (between Kotli 6 Low voltage, persistent load sheddingand Chak Swari) (farmers, workers and frequent power shut down;

at the shops and No apprehensions on the proposeddaily wage eamers) project.

Islam Garh (between i 5 Low voltage, persistent load sheddingKotli and Chak (farmers, workers and frequent power shut down;Swar) at the shops and Safety hazards caused by transmission

daily wage eamers) line.

e. 7-9 August 2006DRT06VO21ES-S07

Stakeholder Consultations IESCO 6" STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report


Location Number of Key Issue DiscussedParticipants i

Siah (between Azad 1 5 I Low voltage, persistent load sheddingPattan and Plandri) (villagers, mostly and frequent power shut down;

farmer) } Over billing by the Barqiat department;The electricity will become further

I |expensive as a result of the proposedproject.

I Safety hazards caused by transmissionI , line.

Plandri 7 Low voltage, load shedding and frequent(shopkeepers, power shut down;workers at the tea No apprehensions on the proposedstalls) project.

Papaynar (between 5 Safety hazards caused by thePlandri and Trar transmission line.Khal)

Mandol (between 7 Low voltage, persistent load sheddingTrar Khal and Hajira) (villagers, mostly and frequent power shut down;

farmers and daily Appropriate measures should be adoptedwage earners) to reduce the safety hazards associated

with the transmission iines.

Islam Nagar 6 Frequent power shut down, low voltage,(Sohawa) (farmers and unannounced load shedding;

workers at the tea Excessive electricity billing;stalls). Apprehensions of higher electricity billing

after the completion of the proposedproject.

Pid (Choa Saidan 7 Low voltage;Shah) (farmers and Occasional power outages and shut

workers at the tea down;stalls). I Excessive electricity billing;

Hazard of electrocution caused by thetransmission line.

Dandot 5 Low voltage, power outages.(industrial workers) No apprehensions on the proposed

project.

Khewra 6 Low voltage, voltage fluctuations, load(industrial workers) shedding and power failure;

No apprehensions on the proposedI |project.

Dedicated feeder for the Khewra SaltMines.

aj 7-10 August 2006DRT06VO21ES-S07

Stakeholder Consultations iESCO 6'h STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

... Continued Exhibit 73.

Location Number of Key Issue DiscussedParticipants _

Pind Dadan Khan 5 1 Low voltage, power shutdown and(residents of the unscheduled load shedding;town, including Excessive billing;teachers, Use of underground cables instead ofbusinessmen) over-head transmission line;

Transmission line should follow the roadI_ ! alignment.

Pinanwal 7 i Low voltage, elongated and uninformed(villagers, mostly |load shedding, power shutdown;farmers and daily I No apprehensions on the proposedwage earners) project.

Ahmadal 6 Load shedding, low voltage;(villagers, mostly No apprehensions on the proposedfarmers and daily project.wage earners)

Khaur 7 Frequent load shedding, low voltage,I (villagers, mostly power shutdown and fluctuation;

farmers and daily ! The transmission line should avoidwage earners, and cultivated land.industrial workers) il

Dhulian 5 Unscheduled and elongated load(farmers and daily shedding, low voltage, voltagewage eamers, and fluctuation, power shut down;industrial workers) Apprehensions of higher electricity billing

after the completion of the proposedproject.

Hussainabad, Pindi 7 Frequent power outages;Gheb (shopkeepers, daily Excessive billing;

wage earners, No apprehensions on the proposedi other residents) [project.

Pindi Gheb 5 Frequent load shedding, low voltage,(residents of the power shutdown and fluctuation;

E town, including Sparking and risk of electrocution fromI teachers, the existing feeder passing over the

businessmen) buildings;The transmission line should avoidpassing over the houses and other

_ __ buildings.

Pindi Gheb i 5 Low voltage, load shedding, voltageI (Residents of the fluctuation;

town) No apprehensions on the proposedproject.

eLN 7-11 August 2006DRT06VO21ES-S07

Stakeholder Consultations IESCO 6"t STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

... Continued Exhibit 7.3.

Location Number of Key Issue DiscussedParticipants

Pir Wedhai 6 Frequent load shedding, low voltage,(Rawalpindi) I (industrial workers, power shutdown;

entrepreneurs) The transmission line route should avoidprivate land.

Westridge 5 Low voltage, load shedding and(Rawalpindi) (Residents, fluctuation;

housewives and Large transmission line towers shouldshopkeepers in the not be installed in the area;residential and The transmission line should not passcommercial area over the houses and other buildings;along the route) Adverse effects of electromagnetic

radiation caused by the transmission line.Noise (audible corona, or chattering)caused by the transmission line;Safety hazards caused by thetransmission line;The underground cable should be usedfor the proposed transmission line(between Pir Wadhai and MES grid

_ stations).

Adyala Road 1 7 Safety hazards caused by the(Rawalpindi) I (Residents, transmission line and feeders;

housewives and The transmission lines and feedersshopkeepers in the should not pass over the buildings;

I residential and Privacy of households during theI commercial area maintenance by the IESCO staff;

along the route) ,Gird station should be established onState land, in an unpopulated area.


Stakeholder Consultations IESCO 6 STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Exhibit 7.4: Checklist used for Stakeholder Consultations

1. Overview of basic necessities of livelihood available in the area other than theproposed project (e.g sources of water supply, availability of electricity, sourcesof fuel wood, means of communication, availability of health and educationalfacilities, technical and vocational training centers, sources of information)?

2. Does the proposed project strengthen the social network already existing in thearea or affect it?

3. Who are the people affected by the project with categories of persons andintensity of impacts?

4. Are directly affected stakeholders agreeable to allow the project?5. What are the social benefits of the proposed project like provision of electricity to

majority of the people, if not all, and stability of electricity in the area at large?6. What social issues/ losses will be triggered as a result of the project intervention

(e.g loss of land, loss of livelihood, bifurcation of land, any risks associated withhuman and animal health etc)

7. Any commercial activities affected in the visited area due to this project?8. Apprehensions of the visited communities and their suggestions for the

improvement of the proposed project.



Exhibit 7.5: Summary of Communities' Concems and Expectations

Institutional Stakeholders Concerns Raised

Land acquisition issues.

FPossibility of soil and water contamination causedby the PCB-containing transformer oil.

Possible damage to flora and fauna along theIMurree - Minhasa transmission line route.

Construction-related issues, such as wastedisposal, soil erosion and hazard forcommunities.

Effects of electromagnetic radiation caused by thehigh power transmission lines.Obstruction to avifauna caused by transmissionlines passing over the rivers.

Recommendations Provided

IESCO should conduct environmentalassessment of all of its projects.

IESCO should develop organizational capacity formanaging the environmental issues during itsoperations.

Development of PCB elimination program.

Installation of the underground PVC cablesshould be considered near the grid stations in thecongested urban areas.

Grass Root Stakeholders Concerns Raised

Forest fires caused by the transmission lines.

Safety hazards for people caused by the! transmission lines.

Safety hazard for livestock caused by thetransmission lines.

Transmission line passing over the settlements.

Electromagnetic radiation caused by thetransmission line.

Expectations SharedIESCO should take all safety precautions tominimize safety hazards associated with thetransmission lines.

Payment of full compensation for the cost of land.

The transmission line should avoid passing overthe settlements.

Use of underground cable while passing throughthe congested areas.

Transmission lines and grid stations should not[the placed at the private land.

ei= 7-14 August 2006DRT06V02IES-S07

IESCO 6" STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

8 Environmental Impact; and Mhffigamon

This Chapter assesses the potential impacts of the proposed project (ie, components ofthe 6 t STG and ELR project to be undertaken during 2006-07) on the physical andbiological environment of the project area. Also provided in the Chapter are thesignificance of the potential impacts, the recommended mitigation measures to minimizeif not eliminate the potentially adverse impacts, and the residual impacts.

8.1 Envtrsmental Assessment Process

This section provides the environmental assessment process that was employed duringthe present ESA.

8.1.1 Screening of the Environmental Impacts

As part of the environmental impact assessment process, a screening matrix wasdeveloped tailored specifically to the proposed project, focusing the potentialenvironmental impacts during the design, construction and operation phases. The matrixexamined the interaction of project activities with various components of the environment.The impacts were broadly classified as physical, biological and social, and then each ofthese broad categories further divided into different aspects. The potential impacts thuspredicted were characterized as follows:

* High negative (adverse) impact,

* Low negative impact,

* Insignificant impact,

* High positive (beneficial) impact,

* Low positive impact, and

* No impact.

The matrix is provided in Exhibit 8.1.

The negative impacts predicted in this manner were the 'unmitigated' impacts.Appropriate mitigation measures were recommended as part of this ESA, thus reducingthe occurrence possibility and severity of the potentially adverse impacts.

The negative impacts identified through this process are discussed later in the Chapter.

8.1.2 Impact Characterization

Once the potentially adverse impacts were identified as discussed above (and shown inExhibit 8.1), these impacts were characterized. Various aspects of the impactcharacterization included:

* Nature (direct/indirect)

* Duration of impact (short term, medium term, long term)

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Environmental Impacts and Mitigation IESCO 6 ' STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

* Geographical extent (local, regional)

* Timing (project phase: before, during and after construction)

* Reversibility of impact (reversible/irreversible)

* Likelihood of the impact (certain, likely, unlikely, rare)

* Impact consequence severity (severe, moderate, mild)

* Significance of impact (High, medium, low).

The above aspects of environmental and social impact characterization are defined inExhibit 8.2. The impact characterization during the design, construction and operationphases of the proposed project is provided in Exhibits 8.3, 8.4 and 8.5, respectively.

Subsequent to the impact characterization, appropriate mitigation measures wereidentified, in order to minimize if not completely eliminate the adverse impacts associatedwith project activities. Finally, the residual impacts were identified.

The environmental impact characterization, mitigation measures and residual impacts arediscussed in the following sections (the socioeconomic impacts and their mitigation arecovered in the next Chapter).

82 Design Phase ConsiderationsThe decisions made at the design phase of any project can be quite far reaching. For theproposed project, the aspects which can be significant with respect to the environmentalimpacts include:

* Site selection for grid stations

* Route selection for transmission lines

* Type of equipment.

The design phase impacts are characterized in Exhibit 8.3 and can be readily preemptedand avoided. These concems and the measures to avoid/minimize them are tabularizedbelow.

Likely Causes forImpacts . Measures to be Incorporated in Project DesignProposed Project

Soil erosion | Poor site selection; * While selecting the transmission lines,unstable soils; steep particularly for Murree - Minhasa and Azadslopes Pattan - Trar Khal - Hajira sections, areas

prone to land sliding or soil erosion will beavoided as far as possible.

* For such areas, slope stabilization measureswill be incorporated in the design oftransmission line tower foundations.

Soil and water Absence of appropriate * Appropriate waste disposal systems will becontamination waste (solid and liquid) included in the design of the grid stations and

disposal; associated facilities.

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Environmental Impacts and Mitigation IESCO 6'" STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Likely Causes forImpacts . Measures to be Incorporated in Project Design

Proposed Project

Using transformers with i * The transformer procured during the

PCB-containing oil. i proposed project will be PCB-free.

! Leaked oil collection arrangement (such as a

channel and a drain pit below thetransformers) will be incorporated in thedesign of the transformer foundations at thegrid stations.

Loss of natural Routing the transmission Minimizing the transmission line route passing

vegetation and lines through forested through forested areas (such as Murree -

threat to wildlife and wildlife-sensitive Minhasa and Azad Pattan - Trar Khal - Hajiraareas sections).

8.3 Csnstmetisn Phase lmpacts

The construction phase will be by far the most significant part of the proposed projectwith respect to environmental considerations, since most of the impacts are likely to takeplace during this period.

The construction activities can potentially cause the following environmental impacts:

* Physical Environment

* Soil erosion, degradation

* Air quality deterioration

* Water contamination and consumption

* Biological Environment

* Loss of/damage to the floral resources (natural vegetation) of the area

* Loss of/damage to faunal resources (wildlife) of the area.

These impacts are characterized in Exhibit 8.4 and can be readily preempted and

mitigated. The mitigation measures recommended in this section will need to beincorporated in the execution of the project.

These impacts and their respective mitigation measures are discussed below.

8.3.1 Soil Erosion and Degradation

The soil-related issues include soil erosion, slope stability, and soil contamination.

Soil erosion is likely to take place in the mountainous areas caused by land clearing forconstruction camps, grid stations and transmission line towers; the subsequentconstruction activities; and the vehicular traffic on unpaved roads.


Environmental Impacts and Mitigation IESCO 6'h STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Since the sites for the new grid stations are located in generally plain areas, no significantrisk of soil erosion exists as a result of the construction activities. However, soil erosioncan potentially take place at the following project locations:

* Transmission line route between Murree and Minhasa

* Transmission line route from Azad Pattan to Plandri to Trar Khal to Hajira

* Transmission line route between Kotli and Chak Swari

* Transmission line route between Choa Saidan Shah and Dandot

* 11-KV feeders and LT lines in the above areas.

Similarly the proposed transmission line routes will cross rivers, water streams, nullahs,ravines and gullies. Construction activities and vehicle operation in such areas canpotentially cause soil erosion and land slides.

Soil may be contaminated as a result of fuel/oils/chemicals spillage and leakage, andinappropriate waste (solid as well as liquid) disposal. The contaminated soil mayadversely impact the cultivation as well as the natural vegetation in the area. Thisunmitigated impact is likely to take place at all project locations supporting cultivation orsignificant natural vegetation.

Exhibits 4.17 to 4.31 show the key locations of these impacts in various parts of theproject area. The unmitigated impacts related to soil erosion and contamination arecharacterized below.

* Nature: Direct

* Duration: Long term

* Geo extent: Local

* Reversibility: Mostly irreversible

* Likelihood: Likely

* Consequence: Moderate

* Impact significance: Medium.

Mitigation MeasuresThe following mitigation measures will minimize the soil erosion and contamination:

* Soil Erosion

* Cut and fill at the proposed grid station sites will be carefully designed, andideally should balance each other (only Sohawa grid station site may requiresome a limited amount of cutting and filling, the rest of the sites are already fairlyplain). The surplus soil, if any, will be disposed at places approved by IESCO.Such sites will be selected after surveying the area and ensuring that soildeposition will not have any significant impacts, such as loss of productive land,blocked access, natural vegetation and disturbance to drainage.

p* If necessary, fill material for grid station sites will be obtained from appropriatelocations approved by IESCO. Such locations will be selected after surveyingthe area and ensuring that soil extraction will not have any significant impacts,such as soil erosion, loss of natural vegetation and disturbance to drainage.


Environmental Impacts and Mitigation IESCO 6th STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

* Where the use of cultivated land is unavoidable for obtaining the fill material, thetop 30 cm soil layer will be removed and stockpiled for redressing the land afterremoval of the borrow material. The excavation in such areas will be limited to50 cm depth.

* The fill material will not be obtained from any cultivation fields or orchards,unless the consent of the owner is obtained.

* Areas from where the fill material is obtained or surplus soil deposited, will belandscaped to minimize erosion and hazard for people and livestock.

* Construction camps will be located in a stable and flat area, requiring minimaldevegetation and leveling. The contractor(s) will obtain approval from theIESCO for this purpose. The camps will preferably be located inside the existinggrid stations, such as Murree, Minhasa, Kotli, Chak Swari and others.

*. Embankments and excavated slopes will not be left untreated/unattended forlong durations. Appropriate slope stabilization measures will be taken per thedesign (eg, stone pitching).

* Vehicular traffic on unpaved roads will be avoided as far as possible. Operationof vehicles and machinery close to the water bodies (such as Jhelum River) willbe minimized.

* Construction works at mountain slopes encountered along the Murree -Minhasa, Azad Pattan - Plandri - Trar Khal - Hajira, and Choa Saidan Shah -Dandot transmission line routes will be carefully planned. Off-track vehiculartraffic will not be allowed.

* Appropriate measures will be taken to avoid soil erosion during the excavation oftransmission line tower foundations, particularly for the Murree - Minhasa, AzadPattan - Plandri - Trar Khal - Hajira, and Choa Saidan Shah - Dandottransmission line routes. These include temporary embankments to protectexcavated soil, stone pitching and placing gabions. The surplus soil will bedisposed as stated above.

* After the completion of tower foundations particularly on the above-mentionedslopes, additional stone pitching around the foundation will be carried out, whererequired, to avoid any subsequent soil erosion/land sliding. Post-constructionmonitoring of such sites will be carried out to detect early signs of any soilerosion/land sliding.

* The construction works, particularly for the Murree - Minhasa, Azad Pattan -Plandri - Trar Khal - Hajira, and Choa Saidan Shah - Dandot transmission lineroutes, will not be undertaken during the rainy season.

* After the completion of the construction works, the transmission line routes,campsites and other construction sites will be completely restored. No debris,surplus construction material or any garbage will be left behind.

* Photographic record will be maintained for pre-project, during-construction andpost-construction condition of the sites (grid station, transmission line/feederroutes, camps and access roads).

* Soil Contamination

* Vehicles and equipment will not be repaired in the field. If unavoidable,impervious sheathing will be used to avoid soil and water contamination.

* For the domestic sewage from the construction camps and offices, appropriatetreatment and disposal system, such as septic tanks and soaking pits, will beconstructed having adequate capacity. The contractor(s) will submit to the

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DRT06V021ES-S08


IESCO the plans for the camp layout and waste disposal system, and obtainapproval. As stated above, the camps will preferably be established inside theIESCO's existing grid stations near or along the project components.

*o Waste oils will be collected in drums and sold to the recycling contractors.

*. The inert recyclable waste from the site (such as card board, drums,broken/used parts, etc.) will be sold to recycling contractors. The hazardouswaste will be kept separate and handled according to the nature of the waste.

p Domestic solid waste from the construction camps will be disposed in a mannerthat does not cause soil contamination. The waste disposal plan submitted bythe contractor(s) will also address the solid waste.

Residual ImpactsAppropriate construction practices and management actions as listed above will greatlyminimize the soil erosion and contamination. The significance of the residual impacts istherefore expected to be 'low'.

The environmental monitoring (discussed in Chapter 10) will ensure compliance to theabove mitigation measures and their adequacy, as well as significance of the residualimpacts.

8.3.2 Air Quality Deterioration

Construction machinery and project vehicles will release exhaust emissions, containingcarbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide (SO2), oxides of nitrogen (NOx), and particulatematter (PM). These emissions can deteriorate the ambient air quality in the immediatevicinity of the project sites. Furthermore, construction activities such as excavation,leveling, filling and vehicular movement on unpaved tracks may also cause fugitive dustemissions.

The project components that are located close to the communities, and may cause airquality deterioration include:

* Adyala Road grid station and associated transmission line

* MES grid station and associated transmission line

* Gangal grid station and associated transmission line

* Sections of the Murree-Minhasa transmission line

* Sections of the Kotli-Chak Swari transmission line

* Sections of the Azad Pattan-Plandri-Trar Khal-Hajira transmission line,

* 11 -KV feeders and LT lines in the above areas.

Exhibits 4.17 to 4.31 show the key locations of these impacts in various parts of theproject area.

Rest of the project sites are well away from the communities, hence no air quality issuesare expected to arise.

The unmitigated impacts related to air quality deterioration are characterized below.

* Nature: Direct

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Environmental Impacts and Mitigation IESCO 6t STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

* Duration: Short term

* Geo extent: Local

* Reversibility: Reversible


* Consequence: Minor


Mitigation Measures

The following mitigation measures will minimize the emissions and their impacts:

* Air quality analysis at each of the grid station sites will be conducted beforemobilization of the construction crew, in order to establish baseline conditions of theambient air quality at these locations.

* Construction camps will be established at least 500 m from communities (exceptwhen such camps are established inside the grid stations). The contractor(s) willobtain IESCO's approval for this purpose, as mentioned earlier.

* Construction machinery, generators and vehicles will be kept in good workingcondition and properly tunned, in order to minimize the exhaust emissions.

* Fugitive dust emissions will be minimized by appropriate methods, such as sprayingwater on soil, where required and appropriate. Since water availability is an issue insome of the areas, it is recommended that the waste water from kitchen and washingarea of the construction camp may be used for water spraying.

* Project vehicles will avoid passing through the communities and cultivation fields asfar as possible. If unavoidable, speed will be reduced to 15 km/h to avoid excessivedust emissions.

* While working within the communities for works such as transmission line laying,coordination with the communities will be maintained to minimize any detrimentalimpacts on the crops and settlements.

* Ambient air quality analysis will be carried out at the grid station sites once every twomonths during the construction phase.

Residual Impacts

The above measures will reduce the magnitude of the adverse impacts of the project onthe ambient air quality, but will not eliminate them completely. However since most of theproject area is away from the settlements, the significance of the residual impacts on theair quality is expected to be low.


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Environmentaf Impacts and Mitigation IESCO 6'h STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

8.3.3 Surface Water and Groundwater Contamination

The project activities that can contaminate soil, may also contaminate the surface waterand groundwater. These include:

* Disposal of construction waste

* Solid waste disposal from construction camp

* Waste effluents disposal

* Equipment/vehicle maintenance

* Spillage/leakage of fuels, oils and chemicals.

In addition, vehicles and construction machinery operation near water bodies/watercourses can potentially contaminate the surface water.

These impacts will be encountered at all of the sites during the construction phase of theproject. However, at the project locations which are near the settlements (such as thoselisted in Section 8.3.2 above), the consequence of these impacts will be more severe.


The unmitigated impacts of the proposed construction activities on the water quality ofthe area are characterized below.

* Nature: Direct and indirect

* Duration: Short to medium term

* Geo extent: Local



* Consequence: Major

* Impact significance: High.

Mitigation Measures

The mitigation measures recommended to forestall soil contamination will also preventwater surface and groundwater contamination. Additional mitigation measures are givenbelow.

* The groundwater quality analysis at each of the grid station sites (and campsites ifestablished outside the grid stations) will be conducted before mobilization of theconstruction crew, in order to establish baseline conditions of the water quality atthese locations.

* Construction camp will not be located within 500 m of Jhelum and Punch Rivers(unless it is placed inside the grid station). No major water body exists along or nearany other project component. Location will be finalized after obtaining IESCO'sapproval.

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Environmental Impacts and Mitigation iESCO 6'" STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

* The contractor(s) will submit to the IESCO the plans for the camp layout and wastedisposal system, and obtain approval.

* Groundwater quality analysis will be carried out at the grid station sites andcampsites once a month during the construction phase.

Residual Measures

If the recommended mitigation measures are effectively employed, the project activitiesare unlikely to contaminate the water resources of the area in any significant manner.The residual impacts of the project on the water quality will therefore be negligible.


8.3.4 Water Consumption and Availability

Water consumption during the construction phase (camp operation and constructionactivities) can reduce the water availability, particularly in water-scarce areas, such asPlandri.

Heavy vehicles and machinery movement near groundwater wells can potentiallydamage them.

The above unmitigated impacts are characterized as follows.


* Duration: Short term

* Geo extent: Local





Mitigation Measures

* Astute planning will be employed to conserve water at the construction sites andcamps. Water will be procured in a manner that least affects the local communities.Waste water recycling will be carried out for water sprinkling and gardeningpurposes.

* The contractor(s) will submit the plan to procure and consume water for theirconstruction as well as camp needs, and obtain IESCO's approval.

* Extreme care will be taken when working close to wells and water courses; crossingof heavy machinery and vehicles will be allowed only if this is safe. Any damagecaused by the project activities will be repaired.

e!_! 8-9 August 2006DRT06VO21ES-S08


Residual Measures

Despite the above measures, the water availability may be hampered during theconstruction phase. The significance of this impact is expected to be from low tomedium.

8.3.5 Loss of Natural Vegetation

Land will have to be cleared for the grid stations, transmission line towers and parts ofthe transmission line routes. The sites selected/identified for the grid stations are eitherlocated within the city limits (Adyala Road, MES), or in cultivated areas (Bahter More,Sohawa and Gangal). Hence establishment of these grid stations will not cause anydamage to the natural vegetation of the area. However, some of the transmission lineroutes would pass through areas having natural vegetation. These include:

* Transmission line route between Murree and Minhasa

* Transmission line route from Azad PaKtan to Plandri to Trar Khal to Hajira

* Transmission line route between Choa Saidan Shah and Dandot

* 11 -KV feeders and LT lines in the above areas.


Of the above components, only the first 5-km section of the Murree-Minhasa transmissionline route has significant forest cover (see Section 4.4.1). The transmission lineconstruction, particularly construction of the tower foundation, will have some impacts onthe natural vegetation of the area. These include the following:

* Clearing of all vegetation for the 10 m xl0 m foundations of the transmission linetowers'. Assuming a tree every 7 m, there will be about 50 trees that will need to becut, in order to construct the tower foundations for this segment. However the actualnumber of trees may vary at different tower locations depending upon the treedensity at each location.

* Trimming of about 3,000 trees along the 5 km transmission line corridor to maintain a2safe clearance of about 8 m between the transmission line and the tree branches.

Cutting of the trees can lead to loss of biodiversity, soil erosion and associated impacts.The aesthetic value of the area may also be negatively impacted as a result of removingthese trees.

For clearing the vegetation under the transmission lines, chemical herbicides are alsosometimes used. Indiscriminate usage of this method can cause significant loss ofbiodiversity.

Approximate number of towers on this segment: 17; thus total area to be cleared: 10 m xlO m x 17 = 1,700 m2.

2 Assuming a tree every 7 m, there will be about 2,850 trees along the 20 m x 5,000 mcorridor.

N 8-10 August 2006DRT06VO21ES-S08


None of the remaining project sites have any significant natural vegetation that will bedamaged as a result of the proposed project.

Construction crew can also indulge in tree/shrub cutting to obtain fuel wood.

The unmitigated impacts of the proposed activities on the floral resources of the area arecharacterized below.

* Nature: Direct

* Duration: Medium to long term

* Geo extent: Local

* Reversibility: Irreversible (reversible in medium to long term)

* Likelihood: Possibly



Mitigation Measures

The following mitigation measures will minimize negative impacts on the floral resource ofthe area:

* Clearing of natural vegetation will be minimized as far as possible during thetransmission line works.

* Herbicides will not be used to clear vegetation along the transmission line route (or atother project locations).

* No new tracks will be developed to reach the transmission line route inside theforested area particularly the initial 5-km of the Murree - Minhasa route; the existingroutes will be used to transport equipment, material and personnel. Vehicles will notbe operated off-track in this area.

* For each transmission line route, a tree cutting plan will be prepared and submitted toIESCO for approval. A complete record will be maintained for any tree cutting ortrimming. The record will include: the number, species, type, size, age, condition andphotograph of the trees to be cut/trimmed.

* A program will be developed for the tree plantation particularly along the Murree-Minhasa transmission line route, in order to compensate removal of the trees duringthe transmission line laying. The trees thus planted will be at least 5 times the oneswhich would be removed for the transmission line works. IESCO will provide the costof the tree plantation to the relevant Forest Department (the Punjab ForestDepartment for the project components in the Punjab Province and the AJK ForestDepartment for the project components in AJK), who will plant the trees at theappropriate places.

* Indigenous tree species will be selected for plantation; in particular, Eucalyptus treeswill not be used in any case.

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Environmental Impacts and Mitigation IESCO 6"' STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

* Consultations will be held with the forest department on the possibility of using thetransmission line route (particularly the Murree - Minhasa) as the fire line. The forestfires are a frequent problem in our mountainous areas, and if the de-vegetated stripunder the transmission lines can effectively be used as the fire line, the transmissionlines can provide a useful value to the forest.

* The construction crew will be provided with LPG as cooking (and heating, if required)fuel. Use of fuel wood will not be allowed.

* No fires will be allowed inside the forest.

* Construction camps will not be established inside the forested area.

* Tree plantation plan will be developed and implemented at each of the grid stationsincluded in the proposed project. Provisions will be made for tree plantation whiledesigning the layout of the grid stations. This will compensate any tree cutting in thenon forest area along the transmission lines. Indigenous tree species will be selectedfor plantation; Eucalyptus trees will not be used in any case.

Residual Impact

The impacts of most parts of the project activities on the natural vegetation will not besignificant to start with. The only sensitive area is the initial section of the Murree-Minhasa transmission line route. With the help of the proposed mitigation measuresdescribed above, these impacts will decrease considerably. However these impactscannot be completely mitigated, and there will be some residual impacts of thiscomponent of the proposed project on the vegetation of the area. The significance ofthese residual impacts is expected to be low to medium.


8.3.6 Damage to Wildlife

The possible impacts of the proposed project on the wildlife resources of the area aremostly associated with the damage to the natural vegetation along a section of theMurree-Minhasa transmission line resources, described in Section 8.3.5 above. Thearea is adjacent to the Ayubia National Park, which has some wildlife species stillsurviving despite severe pressures from increasing human habitation and deforestation.Damage to the vegetation and other construction activities can potentially causedisturbance to the wildlife of the area, causing them to leave the area.

The proposed transmission lines can cause obstruction to the migratory birds flying overthe waterways (particularly over the Jhelum River).

In addition, the construction crew can also indulge in hunting and/or harassing of wildlifein the area.

The remaining parts of the project area do not have any significant wildlife population, inview of the degraded habitat, and presence of human settlements, as stated inSection 4.3.

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Environmental Impacts and Mitigation IESCO 6' STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

The unmitigated impacts of the proposed activities on the faunal resources of the areaare characterized below.

* Nature: Direct


* Geo extent: Local





Mitigation Measures

* Measures to protect and rehabilitate floral resources of the area discussed inSection 8.3.5 above will also protect the wildlife resources of the area.

* Blasting will not be carried out while working in the forested areas of the Murree-Minhasa transmission line route. No nighttime activities will be carried out in thisarea. The works in this area will be carried out in coordination with the Forest andWildlife departments.

* The Murree - Minhasa, and Azad Pattan - Plandri transmission lines while crossingthe Jhelum River will have appropriate arrangements (such as large balls attached tothe conductors/earth wire) to make them more visible to the avifauna.

* Vehicle movement will be limited to the existing tracks in the above area.

* The measures to prevent soil and water contamination will forestall any adverseimpact on the faunal resources of the area.

* Garbage will not be left in the open (details of waste disposal are provided inSection 8.3.1).

* The project staff will not be allowed to indulge in any hunting or trapping activities.

Residual Impact

Despite the above mitigation measures, there will be some residual impacts of the projecton the faunal resources of the area. However, these impacts will be of temporary natureand are mostly reversible, hence their significance is expected to be low to medium.

8A Operation Phase Impacts

The O&M activities of the electricity network are environmentally benign by nature, andresult in very few impacts, which are listed below.

* Contamination of soil and water as a result of inappropriate waste disposal at the gridstations (domestic solid waste, sewage, repair and maintenance waste, waste oilsand chemicals, etc.)

* Contamination of soil and water as a result of leakage of transformer oil.

N 8-13 August 2006DRT06V02IES-S08


* Damage to natural vegetation and wildlife during the transmission line patrolling andmaintenance activities (particularly along the forested segment of the Murree -Minhasa transmission line).

These negative impacts are characterized in Exhibit 8.5, and discussed below.

8.4.1 Soil and Water Contamination

The O&M activities of the grid stations generate several types of wastes, which cancause soil and water contamination. These are listed below.

* Domestic solid waste from the offices and residences in the grid stations

* Sewage from the offices and residences in the grid stations

* Wastes from the repair and maintenance activities (discarded equipment and parts,packing materials, used oils and chemicals, cotton rags and the likes).

In addition, leakage and spillage of transformer oil can contaminate soil, surface waterand eventually, groundwater.

These impacts can potentially occur at all of the grid stations included in the proposedproject.

These unmitigated impacts are characterized below.


* Duration: Short to medium term

* Geo extent: Local



* Consequence: Major

* Impact significance: High.

Mitigation MeasuresThe following mitigation measures will greatly minimize if not prevent the impacts of theproposed project's O&M activities on the soil and water resources of the area:

* The grid stations will have appropriate solid waste collection and disposalarrangements, as mentioned in Section 8.2.2. Since all the grid stations are insideor near cities, the domestic solid waste will be handed over to the Municipality.

* The grid stations will have appropriate sewage handling system. The grid stations'sewage collection system will be connected to the Municipality operated seweragesystem, if available. Otherwise, grid stations will have their own septic tanks andsoakage pits.

* Waste oils and chemicals will be disposed in accordance with their respectiveMaterial Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). MSDS will be made available at the gridstations and maintenance workshops.


Environmental Impacts and Mitigation IESCO 6 ' STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

* Non-toxic recyclable waste (such as cardboard) will be given away for recycling.

* Toxic waste will be stored separately, and incinerated at an appropriate double

chamber incinerator.

* Grid stations will have channels and drainage pits to collect any leaked oil from the

transformers in the grid stations. This oil will be sent back to the workshop for

recycling.

* IESCO's Environmental and Social Cell (ESC) will develop (or have it developed) a

comprehensive plan for PCB testing and its complete elimination from all the

transformers and circuit breakers from the entire network (an outline ToR of the PCB

Elimination Plan development is provided in Exhibit 8.6). As a first step in this

regard, the PCB test kits will be made available with the IESCO maintenance staff.

Residual Impact

With the help of the mitigation measures described above, the O&M activities will not

have any significant impact on the soil or water resources of the area.

8.4.2 Impacts on Biological Resources

The grid station O&M activities will not have any interaction with the biological resources

of the area. However, the transmission line maintenance activities, particularly in the

forested segment of the Murree-Minhasa line, can potentially damage natural vegetation

and habitat. The tall trees under the transmission line need to be trimmed, in order to

avoid any short circuiting, sparking and/or damage to the conductor.

The potential impacts of the O&M activities on the wildlife resources of the area are

essentially of two types: damage to the habitat as a result of loss of vegetation; and direct

disturbance/threat to the wildlife species as a result of human presence,

equipment/vehicle operation and noise.

These unmitigated impacts are characterized below.



* Geo extent: Local

* Reversibility: Mostly reversible (at least in medium to long term)




Mitigation Measures

The following mitigation measures will greatly minimize if not prevent the impacts of theproposed project's O&M activities on the biological resources of the area:

* IESCO will maintain coordination with the Forest and Wildlife departments for

trimming the tall trees, particularly under the forested segment of the Murree-Minhasa

eL@ 8-15 August 2006DRT06VO21ES-SO8

Environmental Impacts and Mitigation IESCO 6" STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

transmission line, in order to maintain a safe clearance of 8 m between thetrees/branches and the transmission lines. This will prevent the electrocution hazardfor the people, livestock and wildlife, while also avoid any forest fires that can becaused by the sparking between the live transmission line and tree branches.

* Herbicides will not be used to clear/control vegetation under the transmission lines.

* Maintenance works on the forested segment of Murree-Minhasa transmission line willbe carried out in consultation with the Forest and Wildlife Departments.

* No new tracks will be developed inside the forested area described above. Thevehicular movement will be restricted to the existing tracks. No off-track vehicleoperation will be allowed.

* The nighttime maintenance works will be avoided as far as possible in theenvironmentally sensitive locations (such as forested area). For carrying out works insuch areas, particularly nighttime maintenance activities, ESC will developguidelines. Exhibit 8.7 provides an outline ToR for developing these guidelines.

Residual Impact

With the help of the mitigation measures described above, the O&M activities are notexpected to have any significant impact on the biological resources of the area.


Environmental Impacts and Mitigation IESCO 6 wh STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Exhibit 8.11: Environmental and Social Screening Matrix (Unmitigated)

Physical Biological Social and Socioeconomic

2) o :

.0 0Q ) (2) 2()

CZ T 2 t 4

DsgPhsco tco ( q o c ~ oz co :tz0 co W . o.

Constrcion Phase-rdSain

MoiteSlzation fof ri Cotractiors 1 1 -1 01 -1 i 0 -1 -1 -1 0 0 0 - -1 +1 N1 j-i 0 -1

Construlction Camp ETrablmishment -il - 0 [ 0 -1 -1 :1 1 0- -1 -1 -1 +N -1 1: -1 -1 -1

Construciomnt Slcampopeaion 01-1 -2 -2 -1 -1 -1 0 0 -10 0 01- N111N -1 0 0- -1TasottoofConstruction -1h1a-s00-Grid- Stations-~ 0 -

EobcaiationorfCondractions -2 -1 -1 -1 0 -2 1 0 2 0 1 0 j-i +1 01 -1 0 0 01

TasottoofConstructionWok -- -ii-i 0

Equipment Installation 0 -_1 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1 O 0 0 -1 0 0 0 0 0 0Testing and Commi'ssi'oni'ng 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 -2 0 0 0 0 0 0

Construction Phase-Transmission i1Land Acquisiton ___N N N N N N N - N 2 -1 -2 N N N] NJN N NMobilization of Contractors - 11 0 0 -1 -1 0 -1[-1 -1 0 -I +1 -1-1

e=8-17 August 20q6

DRT06VO21ES-Sb8

Environmental Impacts and Mitigation IESCO 6 thSTG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

________________Physical Biological Social and Socioeconomic

N CD~

LD C

Q* 0 ) N ( C'-a I.-0)i a '-, (j

Trnprato fCosrcio 10 -1 -1 -1 0 - 1 0=- + C)- 0 0 -

ExaainfrFudtos- 1 - 1 0 -(0 2 0 0 0) 0 (0 1 "-1

Construction Cam Estabtioshmn - 1 -1 -1 __ -10 -1 -li-li- -1 +11-1-i -10

Cosruction Campwes Poperaio 0 -1 -2 -2 -10 0 -1 01 0 0 -1 +1 -1 -1 -10

Stranspraionog Cntrcio -1 -1 -10 0 0 -1 -1 -1 0 -1 +1 -1 -1 -10

Testng_nd_Cmmisionng _ __ 0 1 0 0 -1 0 0 0 -1 +1 0 -1 0 0 0

Contractor Demobilization -1 -1 -i 0 0 1-1 -1 0 -1 -1 -1 0 -1 +1 -i -1I 0 0 -1

Operation and Maintenance PhaseGrddStation O&M -2 0 -2 -2 -1 0 -0 0 0 0 0 0- -2 +1 -0 -2J 00 0

Transmission Line/Feeders O&M -1 0 - 1 0 0

Key: -2: High negative impact; -1: Low negative impact; 0: insignificant/negligible impact, +1: low positive impact; +2: High positive impact, N: no impact.

8-18 August 2006DRT06VO21ES-St58

Environmental Impacts and Mitigation iESCO 6" STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Exhibit 8.2: Impact Characterization

Categories Characteristics

Nature Direct: The environmental parameter is directly changed by the project.Indirect: The environmental parameter changes as a result of change inanother parameter

Duration of impact Short-term: lasting only for the duration of the project such as noise from theconstruction activities.

I Medium-term: lasting for a period of few months to a year after the projectbefore naturally reverting to the original condition such as loss of vegetationdue to clearing of campsite, contamination of soil or water by fuels or oil.Long-term: lasting for a period much greater than medium term impact beforenaturally reverting to the original condition such as loss of soil due to soilerosion.

Geographical extent Local, regional (spatial dimension)

Timing Construction and Operation

Reversibility of Reversible: when a receptor resumes its pre-project conditionimpact Irreversible: when a receptor does not or cannot resume its pre-project

condition

Likelihood of the Almost Certain: Impact expected to occur under most circumstancesimpact Likely: Impact will probably occur under most circumstances

. Possibly: Impact may possibly occur at some timeUnlikely: Impact could occur at some timeRare: Impact may occur but only under exceptional circumstances

Impact consequence Major: When an activity causes irreversible damage to a uniqueseverity environmental feature; causes a decline in abundance or change in

distribution over more than one generation of an entire population of speciesof flora or fauna; has long-term effects (period of years) on socioeconomicactivities of significance on regional level.Moderate: When an activity causes long-term (period of years), reversibledamage to a unique environmental feature; causes reversible damage orchange in abundance or distribution over one generation of a population offlora or fauna; has short-term effects (period of months) on socioeconomicactivities of significance on regional level.Minor: When an activity causes short-term (period of a few months) reversibledamage to an environmental feature; slight reversible damage to a fewspecies of flora or fauna within a population over a short period; has short term(period of months) effects on socioeconomic activities of local significance.Negligible: When no measurable damage to physical, socioeconomic, orbiological environment above the existing level of impact occurs.

Significance of Categorized as High, Medium, or Lowimpact Based on the consequence, likelihood, reversibility, geographical extent, and

duration; level of public concem; and conformance with legislative of statutory: requirements.

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Exhibit 8.3: Impact Characterization for Project Design Phase (Unmitigated)

Impact Nature [ Duration Geo Reversibility Likelihood Consequence ImpactExtent Severity Significance

Soil Erosion, Direct Long term Local Irreversible Likely Moderate MediumDegradation

Surface Water Indirect Short term Local Reversible Likely Major HighContamination

Groundwater Indirect Medium Local Reversible Likely Major HighContamination term

Loss of/Damage to Direct Medium to Local Irreversible Likely a Moderate MediumNatural Vegetation Long term

Loss of/Damage to Direct Medium Local Reversible Likely a Moderate MediumWildlife term

At a few transmission line routes only.

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DRT06VO21ES-S08


Exhibit 8.4: Impact Characterization for Project Construction Phase (Unmitigated)

Impact Nature Duration Geo Reversibility Likelihood Consequence ImpactExtent Severity Significance

Physical Environment

Soil Erosion, Direct Long term Local Irreversible Likely Moderate MWdimDegradation

Air Quality Direct Short term Local Reversible Likely Minor MediiiniDeterioration

Surface water Direct Short term Local Reversible Likely Major HighContamination

Groundwater Indirect Medium Local Reversible Likely Major HighContamination term

- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.. ....... ... ...-.......-...... ...........

Water Consumption; Direct and Short term Local; Reversible Likely Moderate MediumAvailability Indirect Regional

Biological Resources

Loss, of/Damage to Direct Medium to Local Irreversible Likely Moderate MediumNatural Vegetation Long term

Loss of/Damage to Direct Medium Local Reversible Likely Moderate MediumWildlife term


e. 8-21 August Z.006

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Environmental Impacts and Mitigation IESCO 6 h STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Exhibit 8.5: Impact Characterization for Project Operation Phase (Unmitigated)

Impact Nature Duration Geo 1 Reversibility I Likelihood Consequence ImpactExtent Severity Significance

Soil and Water Indirect Short to Local Reversible Likely | Major HighContamination medium -

term

Loss of/Damage to Direct Medium to Local Irreversible Likely a Moderate MediumNatural Vegetation Long term

Loss of/Damage to Direct Medium Local Reversible Likely a Moderate MeedWinumWIdlife term


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Environmental Impacts and Mitigabon IESCO 6'h STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Exhibit 8.6: Outline ToR for Developing PCB Elimination Plan

* Review of the IESCO system to handle transformers and transformer oil

* Review of the past practices in WAPDA to handle transformers and transformer oil

* Review of the systems and practices at the WAPDA's and IESCO's transformer

maintenance work shops

* Study similar practices prevailing in other countries

* Developing action pian to identify PCB-containing transformers

* Developing action plan to segregate the PCB-free and PCB-containing transformers

* Developing action plan to isolate the PCB-free and PCB-containing transformers at themaintenance workshops

* Developing testing and monitoring procedures and systems

* Developing the documentation system

* Determining the capacity building needs and developing training program

* Consultations with the key stakeholders (such as the EPAs and relevant professionals)

* Report compiling.

Exhibit 8.7: Outline ToR for Developing Guidelines for Works in BiologicallySensitive Areas

* Identify the biologically sensitive areas that exist within the IESCO area

* Identify the sensitivities of such areas

* Determine the interaction and possible threats to these areas from IESCO works(surveying, installation, operation and maintenance)

* Consultations with the Forest and Wildlife Departments to obtain their views on thedamage caused by the IESCO system (such as forest fires)

* Development of guidelines for carrying out works inside the sensitive areas

* Review of guidelines by the concemed departments and other stakeholders

* Determine roles and responsibilities to implement the guidelines

* Determine monitoring, evaluation and documentation requirements and developing a planfor this purpose.

* Determine the capacity building needs and developing a training program.

* Guidelines compilation.

AL&N 8-23 August 2006

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IESCO 6' STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

9 SoCIseconomiC ImpactS and MitigaUon

This Chapter assesses the potential socioeconomic impacts of the proposed project(components of the 6t STG and ELR project to be undertaken during 2006-07). Thechapter also includes the significance of the potential impacts, recommends mitigationmeasures to minimize if not eliminate the potentially adverse impacts, and identifies theresidual impacts.

9.1 SecimeChnomic ImpactAssessment Prcess

9.1.1 Social Screening Checklist

The social screening checklist provided in the ToR (see Appendix A for the ToR) wasused to identify the key social issues associated with the proposed project and type ofmitigation measures required to address them. Exhibit 9.1 summarizes the social issuesgiven in the checklist.

9.1.2 Screening of Socioeconomic Impacts

Screening of the socioeconomic impacts of the proposed project was carried out duringthis ESA, using the same framework as described in Section 8.1. The screening matrixprovided in Exhibit 8.1 addresses the socioeconomic impacts as well.

9.1.3 Impact Characterization

The impact characterization has been defined in Section 8.2. Much like theenvironmental concems, the socioeconomic impacts were also characterized using the

same method.

9.2 Design Phase Considneraens

Much like the environmental considerations during the design of the proposed project(discussed in Section 8.2), the following aspects of the project can have bearing on itssocioeconomic performance:

* Site selection for grid stations

* Route selection for transmission lines

* Equipment selection.

The design phase considerations are characterized in Exhibit 9.2 and can be readilypreempted and avoided. These concerns and the measures to avoid/minimize them are

tabularized below.

Impacts Measures to be Incorporated in Project DesignProposed Project

Resettlement Poor site selection; * The grid stations to be established during the

Issues Poor route alignment proposed project will be located in open

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Socioeconomic Impacts and Mitigation IESCO 6' STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

| Likely Causes forImpacts Measures to be Incorporated in Project Design

Proposed Project !areas, free of any existing structure.

* The transmission line routes included in theproposed project will be selected avoidingsettlements, buildings, other structures. Andcultivation, as far as possible, thusminimizing the reseHtlement issues(Resetlement is discussed later in the

Chapter).

Safety hazards | Poor site selection; * All safety precautions will be taken toand public Poor route alignment; minimize the safety hazards and risk ofhealth concers inappropriate equipment accidental electrocution. These will indude

|eselection (such as PCB- double periphery walls at the grid stationscontaining transformers) and appropriate clearance (between the live

n twires/connectors and the

buildings/structures/trees).

i Transmission lines will not be routed throughthe setlements as far as possible.Appropriate clearance will be maintained allalong the transmission lines and feeders.

* Appropriate waste disposal systems will beincluded in the design of the grid stations.These include sewage disposal, and ifrequired, treatment system (such as septictank).

a PCB-free transformers will be selected for theproject. (This aspect is already included inthe IESCO's transformer specifications.)

* The transmission line routes will avoidpassing over the buildings.

Aesthetic value Intrusion in the natural * Tree plantation will be carried inside and atlandscape the periphery of the grid stations, without

compromising the safety aspects (ie, requiredclearances will be maintained). For thispurpose, provision will be made in the sitelayout of the grid stations.

* Transmission lines and feeders through thecities will be constructed after astuteplanning, in order to avoid denseconcentration of electrical lines.

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Socioeconomic Impacts and Mitigabon IESCO 6th STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

9.3 COustructiOn Phase Impacts

Much like the environmental impacts described in Section 8.3, most of thesocioeconomic concems will also arise during the construction phase of the proposedproject.

The key socioeconomic concerns of the construction phase as identified with the help ofthe screening process (Section 8.1.1 and Exhibit 8.1) are as follows:

* Land acquisition and damage to crops

* Damage to infrastructure

* Blocked access

* Noise and vibration

* Safety hazard

* Public health

* Gender issues

* Impacts on archeological, cultural, historical or religious significance.

These impacts are characterized in Exhibit 9.3, and assessed in the following sections.

9.3.1 Land Acquisition and Asset Loss

A total of 16 acres of land will need to be acquired for the four new grid stationsenvisaged during the proposed project. IESCO plans to purchase this land directly fromthe owners, on the basis of willing seller - willing buyer, at mutually acceptable marketprice.

In addition, about 2,145 acres of land would be used as temporary right of way (RoW)along the transmission line routes during the construction phase (286 km long x 30 mwide), and about 70-80 acres of land for accessing the transmission line route during theconstruction phase (one route every 5 km; 500 m long, 10 m wide).

For the towers of the transmission lines passing through the urban areas, considerableland will be required, which may not be available in the existing RoW (such as roadsides). This aspect is likely to arise along the Pir Wadhai - MES and feed for AdyalaRoad transmission lines.

Parts of the transmission lines would pass over the cultivated land, thus causing damageto crops during the construction phase of the project. This crop damage would take placeover a total area of about 666 acres; the total number of affectees would be about 453.Exhibit 9.4 provides a summary of the cultivated land that would fall under the proposedtransmission lines (detailed list of the affected land and project affectees (ie, PAPs) isprovided in Section D.7 of Appendix D).

The proposed project is not likely to cause any other asset loss (please seeExhibits 4.17 to 4.31 for the route maps of the transmission lines and keyenvironmentallsocioeconomic features along them).


Socioeconomic Impacts and Mitigation IESCO 6"t STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Each 1 1-KV feeder poles will take about 0.25 m2 of land. Most of these poles will beerected on the existing right of way/along roads, avoiding cultivated areas or any existingstructure. Hence their impact will be minimal.

The unmitigated impacts related to the land acquisition and damaged crops arecharacterized as 'high', as shown in Exhibit 9.3.

Mitigation Measures

The following mitigation measures are proposed to avoid potential losses due to landtake and involuntary resettlement.

* A Resettlement Plan (RP) has been prepared to address the involuntaryresettlement, including the damaged crops, caused by the project activities. The RPprovides the entitlement framework, which is provided in Exhibit 9.4. Other aspectscovered in the RP include institutional and implementation framework, the monitoringand documentation systems and the grievance redressal mechanism. (The RP is astand-alone document and provided under separate cover.)

* Compensation will be paid for the crops damaged during the construction activities(see Exhibit 9.5 for cultivated lands falling under the transmission lines). Thecompensation will be paid to the cultivator, and absence of the land title will not be abar to receiving the compensation.

* Complete record will be maintained for the determination and payment of thecompensation.

* It will be ensured that the land under the 1 32-KV transmission line tower remainsavailable for cultivation (see Exhibit 9.6 for a typical tower with cultivationunderneath).

* In case the above is not possible, the land under the tower will be acquired inaccordance with the LAA procedures (Section 17.4 of the LAA will not be used).

* The 1 1-KV feeders will be routed along the existing right of ways or roads, avoidingany existing structures. The cultivated fields will also be avoided as far as possible.In case, it is not possible, damage to crops will be compensated.

* Operation of project vehicles and construction machinery outside the RoW will beavoided. Attempts will be made to use existing tracks/roads to access thetransmission line corridor/tower locations. In case new access routes are necessary,the cultivated land will be avoided as far as possible. Damage to crops will becompensated.

* Tubular poles will be used, instead of conventional transmission line towers, for thefeed for the MES grid station, and the last section of the feed for the Adyala Roadgrid station. The transmission line route will be aligned along the existingroads/RoW.

* Grievance redressal mechanism will be put in place to address the communitycomplaints.


Socioeconomic Impacts and Mitigation IESCO 6'h STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Residual Impacts

The expectations of some of the affected landowners may not be completely fulfilledregardless of the compensation. However, with the help of above measures, the issue islikely to be adequately addressed. The residual impacts associated with the involuntaryresettlement are therefore expected to be low to medium.

The social monitoring will ensure compliance to the above mitigation measures and theiradequacy, as well as significance of the residual impacts.

9.3.2 Damage to Infrastructure

The construction of grid stations and laying of transmission lines do not require removalof any existing infrastructure. However, there could be some inadvertent damage to theroads, water channels and other structures during the construction activities andassociated vehicular traffic.

The infrastructure may be damaged at all of the project sites, particularly along thetransmission line corridors and access routes (Exhibits 4.17 to 4.31 show the locationswhere damage to infrastructure may take place during the project).

The unmitigated impacts related to the damaged infrastructure are characterized as'medium' (see Exhibit 9.3).

Mitigation Measures

* All damaged infrastructure will be restored to original or better condition.

Residual Impact

Following the implementation of the above recommended measure, there will benegligible level of residual impact.


9.3.3 Blocked Access

The issue conceming access routes blocked by the grid stations has been covered inSection 9.2.2. Similar issues can arise during the construction phase as well, particularlyas a result of establishment of the construction camp or construction activities along thetransmission line routes.

The unmitigated impacts related to the blocked access routes are characterized as'medium', as shown in Exhibit 9.3.

Mitigation Measures* In case of the blockage of the existing routes, altemate routes will be identified in

consultation with affected communities.

Residual ImpactFollowing the availability of alternative routes, significance of the residual impact isexpected to be quite negligible.

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Socioeconomic Impacts and Mitigation IESCO 6"h STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report


9.3.4 Noise and Vibration

The construction activities and project vehicle movement close to the communities cancause noise and vibration.

The project components that will be undertaken close to the communities, and maycause noise and vibration include:






* Sections of the Azad Pattan-Plandri-Trar Khal-Hajira transmission line

* Extension/conversion/augmentation of grid stations (Murree, Minhasa, Plandri,Hajira, Kotli, Chak Swari, Choa Saidan Shah, Dandot, Pinanwal, Fateh Jang,Ahmadal, Pindi Gheb and Pir Wadhai)

* Installation/modification of 1 1-KV feeders and LT lines in the above areas.

Rest of the project sites are well away from the communities, hence issues related tonoise and vibration are not expected to arise.

The unmitigated impacts related to the noise and vibration are characterized as 'medium',as shown in Exhibit 9.3.

Mitigation Measures

* Vehicular traffic through the communities will be avoided as far as possible. Project.routes will be authorized by the IESCO.

* Vehicle speeds will be kept low, and homs will not be used while passing through ornear the communities.

* Vehicles will have exhaust silencers to minimize noise generation.

* Nighttime traffic will be avoided near the communities.

* Movement of all project vehicles and personnel will be restricted to within work areas,to avoid noise disturbance.

* Working hours for construction activities within the communities will be limited tobetween 8 am and 6 pm.

* Liaison with the community will be maintained. Grievance redressal mechanism willbe put in place to address the community complaints, as stated earlier.

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DRT06VO21ES-S09


Residual Impact

With the implementation of above measures, the significance of the residual noiseimpacts will be low.


9.3.5 Safety Hazards

The construction activities will involve operation of heavy construction machinery,vehicular traffic, excavation and filling operations. These activities may pose some safetyhazards to the local population.

The fuel storage at the camp sites may also pose safety hazards for the surroundingpopulation.

During the testing and commissioning of the grid stations and transmission lines, thenearby population will be exposed to the electrocution risk.

As described in Section 9.3.4 above, the following components of the project will belocated close to the communities:









The safety hazards will be more acute for the above project components, though acertain level of these risks would still exist for rest of the project sites. Exhibits 4.17 to4.31 show the locations where the project activities may result in safety hazard concerns.

The unmitigated impacts related to the safety hazards are characterized as 'high', asshown in Exhibit 9.3.

Mitigation Measures• The construction sites will have protective fencing to avoid any unauthorized entry.

* The project drivers will be trained for defensive driving skills (environmental trainingsare described in Chapter 10).

* Vehicular speeds near/within communities will be kept low to minimize safetyhazards.

A= 9-7 August 2006DRTD6VO21ES-S09


* Construction camp sites will be located at least 500 m away from the nearestcommunity. Camp sites will be selected with IESCO's approval, as mentioned inSection 8.3.1. The camps will have periphery fencing to avoid any unauthorizedentry.

* Firefighting equipment will be made available at the camps.

* The camp staff will be provided fire fighting training.

* All safety precautions will be taken to transport, handle and store hazardoussubstances, such as fuel.

* Liaison with the community will be maintained. In particular, the nearby communitieswill be informed before commencing the testing commissioning of the system.Protective fencing will be used where appropriate/possible. Awareness raisingprogram will be implemented to educate the communities regarding the hazardsassociated with the transmission lines, feeders and other electricalsystems/equipment. Waming signs will be used at the appropriate locations.

Residual Impact

There will be a low level of residual impact of safety hazards associated with thevehicular traffic. The safety hazard issue with the construction activities will be negligible.The safety hazard during the testing and commissioning of the system will be from low tomedium.


9.3.6 Public Health Issues

The public health concerns to be addressed during the design phase of the proposedproject have been discussed in Section 9.2 above. There will be some similar concernsduring the construction phase as well, primarily associated with the operation of theconstruction camps.

The public health issues can potentially arise at all of the project sites, particularly thegrid stations and campsites.

The unmitigated impacts related to the public health are characterized as 'high', asshown in Exhibit 9.3.

Mitigation Measures

The following mitigation measures will minimize the public health concerns during theconstruction phase of the project:

* The construction camps will have septic tanks and soaking pits of adequate size.

* Camps will be at least 500 m from any groundwater wells used by the community.

* The construction camps will have appropriate solid waste disposal mechanism (seeSection 8.3.1).

* The construction camps and site offices will have first-aid kits.


Socioeconomic Impacts and Mitigation IESCO 6"' STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

* The construction crew will be provided awareness for the transmissible diseases(such as HIV/AIDS, hepatitis B and C).

Residual Impacts

With the help of the above measures, the public health concerns during the projectconstruction phase can be reasonably addressed. The significance of the residualimpacts is therefore expected to be negligible.


9.3.7 Gender Issues

The project works to be carried out within or near the rural communities may causedisturbance to the women. Similarly, the construction camp operation and vehiculartraffic may also cause some hindrance to women mobility. The construction activitiesnear the settlements can also encroach upon the privacy of the families.

In particular, these issues can potentially arise at the following locations:









The unmitigated impacts related to the gender issues are characterized as 'medium', asshown in Exhibit 9.3.

Mitigation Measures* The routes used by the women will be avoided as far as possible. If unavoidable,

altemate routes to be identified for the communities, if required, especially alongroutes frequented by women folk, such as route to the local well or water source.

* Camp sites for construction will be 500 m away from the nearest community, asrecommended earlier.

* Construction crew will avoid in entering villages and settlements.

* Communities will be informed and consulted before commencing works inside ornear the communities.

* Strict code of conduct will be maintained by the construction crew. Local norms willbe respected.


Socioeconomic Impacts and Mitigation IESCO 6th STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Residual Impact

Despite the implementation of the above mitigation measures, there will be a low tomoderate level of residual impact associated with the gender issues.


9.3.8 Child Labor

Although the use of child labor is not prevalent in the construction works such as thoseinvolved in the proposed project, however, the provisions of the Child Labor Act will stillbe made part of the construction contracts, in order to ensure that no child labor isemployed at the project sites or campsites.

9.3.9 Impacts on Sites of Historical, Cultural, Archeological or Religious Significance

As mentioned in Section 5.6, no sites of historical, cultural, archeological or religioussignificance are known to exist at or in the immediate of the project components that areknown at this stage. However, during the construction works of the project, particularly,excavation, such sites or artifacts may be discovered.

There are a few graveyards along the transmission line routes (see Exhibits 4.17 to 4.31for the schematic diagram and description of key features along the transmission lineroutes).

The unmitigated impacts on the sites of historical, cultural, archeological or religioussignificance are characterized as 'medium', as shown in Exhibit 9.3.

Mitigation Measures

* In case of discovery of any sites or artifacts of historical, cultural, archeological orreligious significance, the work will be stopped at that site.

* The provincial and federal archeological departments will be notified immediately,and their advice will be sought before resumption of the construction activities at suchsites.

* The existing graveyards will not be damaged. The construction work close to thegraveyards will be carried out after informing/consulting the relevant communities.

9.4 lDratiUn Pbase

Much like the environmental issues associated with the O&M activities, there are very fewsocioeconomic concerns which are expected during the operation phase of the proposedproject. These concerns are listed below.

* Safety hazards

* Public health

* Loss of agricultures.

These impacts are characterized in Exhibit 9.7 and discussed below.


Socioeconomic Impacts and Mitigation IESCO 6 STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

9.4.1 Safety Hazard

The grid stations, transmission lines and HT/LT lines will pose electrocution risk to theIESCO staff as well as the nearby population and livestock. In particular, the followingproject components can cause safety concerns for the population of the area:







* Grid stations at Murree, Minhasa, Plandri, Hajeers, Kotli, Chak Swari, Choa SaidanShah, Dandot, Pinanwal, Fateh Jang, Ahmadal, Pindi Gheb and Pir Wadhai.

* The 11-KV feeders and LT lines in the above areas.

Mitigation measures

Design aspects of this issue have been discussed in Section 9.2, which will forestallmajor causes of electrocution. Additional measures are provided below.

* IESCO's O&M staff will be provided essential protective gears and equipment.

* IESCO's O&M staff will be provided safety training. Refresher courses will bearranged on regular basis.

* Firefighting equipment will be made available at the grid stations.

* The Emergency Response Plan (ERP) will be made available at each grid station. Itssalient points will be displayed at prominent places within each grid station. TheO&M staff will be given training on the ERP. The Environmental and Social Cell(ESC) (discussed in Chapter 10) will review the ERP and with respect to theenvironmental and social considerations, and recommend changes if needed. TheERP will include procedure to inform the nearby communities in case of fire in thegrid stations (particularly in the congested urban areas, such as Adyala Road gridstation).

* The communities near the grid stations and transmission lines will be educated onthe risk of electrocution, and how to avoid accidents.

* Appropriate signage on safety precautions will be installed at the key locations.

* The trees under the transmission lines will be regularly trimmed in order to maintain8 m clearance.

Residual ImpactsDespite the implementation of the above measures, there will be some residual safetyhazards associated with the operation of the system. The significance of this impact isexpected to be medium.


Socioeconomic impacts and Mitigation IESCO 6 ' STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

9.4.2 Public Health Concerns

There are the following three distinct types of public health concems associated with theoperation of the proposed project:

* Inappropriate solid waste and sewage disposal from grid stations and their residentialareas

* Leakage of PCB-containing transformer oil

* Electromagnetic (EM) radiation caused by the high tension transmission lines.

Mitigation Measures

* The concems associated with the waste disposal and PCB-containing transformer oilhave been adequately discussed and addressed in Sections 8.4.1 and 9.2.

* Studies have shown that there is a weak evidence of health risk associated with theexposure to power frequency fields (excerpts from a document 'Power Lines andCancer FAQ' are provided in Appendix F). However, since the proposedtransmission line routes will be selected avoiding the settlements, there will not beany significant risk of EM radiation exposure.

9.4.3 Loss of Agriculture

During the repair and maintenance activities on the transmission lines, the nearby cropscan potentially be damaged.

The project sites where this issue may be encountered include:

* Transmission line feeding the Gangal grid station

* Transmission line feeding the Bahter More grid station

* Transmission line feeding the Sohawa grid station

* Sections of the Murree- Minhasa transmission line


* Sections of the Fateh Jang-Ahmadal-Pindi Gheb transmission line

* 11-KV feeders and LT lines in the above areas.

Mitigation Measures

The following mitigation measures will address the concerns associated with the loss ofagriculture during the O&M phase of the project:

* Damage to the crops will be avoided during the transmission line patrolling.

* Any damage during repair the repair and maintenance activities will be compensated.

* Liaison with the nearby communities will be maintained in this regard.

* The grievance redressal mechanism will be maintained on continuous basis.



Residual Impacts

With the help of the above mitigation measures, the concerns associated with the loss ofagriculture will be reasonably addressed and there will be negligible residual impacts.

eu 9-13 August 2006DRT06VO21ES-S09


Exhibit 9.1: Social Screening Checklist

People affected by the project People living close to the grid stations and. transmission line routes.

For intensity of impacts, see Exhibit 8.1. Thesocial impacts are discussed in Sections 9.2 to9.4.Most of the PAPs are the farmers whose cropswill be damaged during the construction andO&M of the transmission lines (discussed inSections 9.3.1, 9.3.2 and 9.4.3.

Poverty level of affected Varies greatly, mostly associated with the locality.persons Most of the PAPs - farmers whose crops would

be damaged - belong to middle and lower middleclass.

Are the directly affected people Yes (see Section 7 for stakeholdersagreeable to allow the project? consultation).

Social issues, impacts of the Key impacts: damage to crops, safety hazards,project. public health, noise. Sections 9.2 to 9.4 discuss

all of the social issues.

Does the project require land? The project will require about 16 acres of land,which will be procured directly from the ownersafter paying mutually acceptable price, on thebasis of willing seller - willing buyer (seeExhibit 3.7 for a summary of land requirement)..

Is there any involuntary land No involuntary land acquisition is expected for theacquisition? i proposed project. Temporary land acquisition will

i need to be carried out during the constructionphase; crop compensation will be paid wheresuch temporary acquisition involves cultivatedland (see Section 9.3.1).

Are there any affected No structures are expected to be affected by thestructures? project.Will there be any loss of The loss of livelihood during the project islivelihood of title and non title associated with the damaged crops discussedholders? above.Is there any social conflict The rural communities usually have 'panchayaYresolution mechanism in the system for conflict resolution.communities?Are the social safeguards OP 4.12 is triggered (see Section 2.1).triggered?Any commercial activities No.affected in urban/rural areas?


Socioeconomic Impacts and Mitigation IESCO 6 h STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Exhibit 9.2: Impact Characterization for Project Design Phase (Unmitigated)

Impact Nature i Duration Geo Extent Reversibility i Likelihood Consequence Impactl_ l_ I___Severity Significance

Land acquisition Direct Long term Local Irreversible Likely Major High(including loss of asset,loss of livelihood,damage toinfrastructure)

Blocked access Indirect Long term Local Reversible Possibly Moderate Medium

Safety hazards Indirect Long term Local Reversible Likely Major High

Public health Indirect Medium to Local Reversible Likely Major HighLong term---T

Aesthetic value Indirect Long term Local j Reversible Possibly Moderate Medium

9-15 August 2OO0DRTo6VO21ES-S09

Socioeconomic Impacts and Mitigation IESCO 6th STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Exhibit 9.3: Characterization of Construction Phase Socioeconomic Impacts (Unmitigated)

Impact Nature Duration Geo Extent Reversibility Likelihood Consequence ImpactSeverity Significance

Land acquisition and Direct Long term Local Irreversible Certainly Major Highdamage to crops

Blocked Access Direct Short term Local Reversible Possibly Moderate Medium

Noise Direct Short term Local Reversible Possibly Moderate Medium. . . . ... ... ... ... ....... ,.. .----.- -................................. .. ...................... -........

Safety Hazard Direct and Indirect Short to Local Reversible Likely Major HighMedium term

Public health Direct and Indirect Short to Medium Local Reversible Likely Major Highterm

Damage to Infrastructure Direct and Indirect Short term Local; Reversible Possibly Moderate MediumRegional

Gender Issues Indirect Short term Local Reversible Possibly Moderate Medium

Impacts on Sites of Indirect Long term Local Irreversible Unlikely Moderate MediumArcheological, Cultural,Historical or ReligiousSignificance . .

e 9-16 August 20Q6DRTO6Vo21ES-S09


Exhibit 9.4: Entitlement Framework

Definition of EntitledType of Loss P Entitlement Policy Responsibility

Loss of Legal users with valid PAPs will be entitled to: I Tehsildar;agriculture title, customary or i o Cash compensation j Environmentalland' usufruct rights. for acquired land at and Social

market value.I If LAA is used, an Inspector (ESI)

amount of 15% will be (these areadded to the market defined later Inprice, in accordancewith the LAA the document)

Tenant, leaseholder and PAPs will be entitled to: Tehsildar;sharecropper o Reimbursement for un- ESI

expired lease.

PAPs without valid title PAPs will be entitled to: | Tehsildar;(vulnerable encroachers O Cash compensation ESIor squatters) for affected structures

at replacement value.

Loss of Legal users with valid PAPs will be entitled to: Tehsildar;residential, title, customary or 1 o Cash compensation ESIcommercial, usufruct rights. for affected portion ofindustrial or | land at replacementinstitutional . value.land Tenant, leaseholder and i PAPs will be entitled to: Tehsildar;

sharecropper a Reimbursement for un- ESIexpired lease.

PAPs without valid title PAPs will be entitled to: ! Tehsildar;(vulnerable encroachers | 0 Cash compensation I ESIor squatters) I for affected structures

at replacement value.

Structures Owners of affected PAPs will be entitled to: Tehsildar;(residential, structure, with or without o Cash compensation ESIcommercial, legal title, customary or for affected structures, :industrial or usufruct rights or portion of the

structure, atinsttutional) replacement value.

o Allowance to cover therepair cost of theremaining structure.

In case of land acquisibon, Section 17 of the LAA will not be used, in the absence of theemergency/urgency.

. 9-17 August 2006DRT06V02IES-S09

Socioeconomic Impacts and Mitigation IESCO 6"h STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Contd. Exhibit 9.4.

Definition of EntitledType of Loss ProsEntitlement Policy Responsibility

_ _ _ _ _ _ _I PersonsI

Loss of Communities/households o Replacement of the Contractors;common common property Environmental

resources/facilities, in Fresources iand Socialandrciles consultation with the Monitor (ESM);and facilities affectees.

o Access to equivalent Eresources/facilities. I

Loss of Households who PAPs will be entitled to: Tehsildar;standing cultivate the land o Cash compensation ESIcrops equivalent to the

market value ofdamaged crops.

Loss of trees Owners of the affected PAPs will be entitled to: Tehsildar;trees (irrespective of the o Cash compensation IESIland title) equivalent to the !

market value of trees jon the basis of type,age and productivity. I

Loss of public Relevant agencies Compensation in cash at Contractors;infrastructure replacement cost to ESM;

respective agencies, or ESI.

Restoration/repair of thedamaged infrastructure ina similar or better condition

_ _as before.

Loss of or | Community and affected i Replacement cost for Contractors;damage to households religious sites. Cost of ESM;religious sites F removal of graves and all ESI.(eg, ! related costs for itsmosques, relocation.graveyards,shrines)

Notes:

* Compensation for the affected structure will be calculated on the basis of thereplacement cost at market prices, without taking salvage value into consideration.

a All compensations will be paid before commencement of the construction activities.

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Socioeconomic Impacts and Mitigation IESCO 6t STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Exhibit 9.5: Cultivated Land Affected by the Project

Cultivated Area to NumberProject Component be Affected of

(Acres) Affectees

1 Feed for Gangal Grid Station 14.38 8

2 I Feed for MES Grid Station | 0.00 0

3 Feed for Adyala Road Grid Station 62.13 76

4 Feed Bahter More Grid Station 11.25 22

5 iFeed for Sohawa Grid Station 4.50

6 Murree - Minhasa Transmission Line 8.00 10

7 Kotli - Chak Swari Transmission Line 37.00 52

8 Azad Pattan - Plandri Transmission Line 1.50 3

9 Plandri - Trar Khal Transmission Line 50.63 46

10 Trar Khal - Hajira Transmission Line 19.88 50

11 Choa Saidan Shah - Dandot Transmission Line 15.88 4

12 Dandot - Pinanwal Transmission Line 49.38 25

13 Fateh Jang - Ahmadal Transmission Line 165.63 56

14 Ahmadal - Pindi Gheb Transmission Line 143.63 52

15 -University - Nilore Transmission Line 66.13 40

16 Access routes 16.00 not- ~ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ K now n

Total 665.92 453

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Socioeconomic Impacts and Mitigation iESCO 6th STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Exhibit 9.6: Typical Tower Design Allowing Cultivation Underneath

-- -s

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Socioeconomic Impacts and Mitigation IESCO 6 "h STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Exhibit 9.7: Characterization of Operation Phase Socioeconomic Impacts (Unmitigated)

Impact Nature Duration Geo Extent Reversibility Likelihood Consequence ImpactSeverity Significance

Impacts on Cultivation Indirect Short to medium Local Reversible Possibly Moderate Mediumterm

Public health Direct and Short to Medium Local Reversible Likely Major HighIndirect term

Safety Hazards Indirect Medium to long Local Reversible Likely Major Highterm

9-21 August 2006DRT06Vo21ES-g09

iESCO 6 ' STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

10 Enironmental Management Plan

This Chapter presents the implementation mechanism - in the form of an environmentalmanagement plan (EMP) - for the environmental and social mitigation measuresidentified during the present ESA, and reported in Chapters 8 and 9 of this document,respectively. A resettlement plan has also been prepared and provided under separatecover, to address the involuntary resettlement caused by the proposed project.

10.1 Pirpose and hblectives of EMP

This EMP provides the delivery mechanism to address the adverse environmental as wellas social impacts of the proposed project during its execution, to enhance projectbenefits, and to introduce standards of good practice to be adopted for all project works.

The specific objectives of the EMP are to:

* Facilitate the implementation of the environmental and social mitigation measuresidentified in Chapters 8 and 9 of this document, respectively;

* Define the responsibilities of the project proponents, contractors, and environmentalmonitors, and provide a means of effectively communicating environmental andsocial issues among them,

* Define a monitoring mechanism and identify monitoring parameters in order to:

* Ensure the complete implementation of all mitigation measures, and

* Ensure the effectiveness of the mitigation measures.

* Provide a mechanism for taking timely action in the face of unanticipatedenvironmental or social situations,

* Identify environmental as well as social training requirements at various levels.

102 CmpuneuRts itet EMP

The EMP consists of the following:

*. Organizational structure; roles and responsibilities

*. Mitigation plan

*- Monitoring plan

* Change management plan

* Communication and documentation

* Environmental and social trainings,

These are discussed in Sections 10.3 to 10.8 below.

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Environmental Management Plan IESCO 6 ' STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

10.3 Oriaizational Structure, Reles and Respensibilities

This section describes the organizational structure required for managing theenvironmental as well as social aspects of the proposed project. Also defined in thissection are the roles and responsibilities of the various role players during the project.

10.3.1 Management Approach

IESCO will establish an Environmental and Social Cell (ESC) within the Organization, inorder to handle the environmental and socioeconomic matters during the proposedproject, other future projects as well as its routine operations.' The ESC will not be partof the proposed project organization, and will provide advisory services to the project andother IESCO departments. Initially, the ESC will have one environmental and onesocioeconomic expert of relevant qualification and experience; the strength can beincreased in the future as required.

The role of the ESC and other key entities for the proposed project is described below.

Construction Phase

The organizational roles and responsibilities are summarized below:

IESCO: The overall responsibility for compliance with the environmental managementplan rests with the project proponents (IESCO).

IESCO's Environmental and Social Cell (ESC): The ESC will provide overallsupervision and advisory services during the construction phase of the project. The ESCwill supervise the IESCO's environmental monitors (discussed below). The ESC will alsoadvise GSC and other IESCO departments on environmental and social matters duringthe project.

Contractor(s): The contractor(s) will be responsible for the construction activities of theproject. The contractor(s) will be responsible for the complete implementation of theEMP and the mitigation measures detailed in the EMP and ESA. The contractors willalso ensure that the project is not put out of compliance with the Bank policies throughtheir actions. The contractor(s) will also be subject to certain liabilities under theenvironmental laws of the country, and under its contract with IESCO.

Other essential features of the institutional arrangement proposed for the project are:

* IESCO will appoint Environmental and Social Inspectors (ESIs) for overseeing andmonitoring the entire implementation of the EMP and ESA.

* In case IESCO appoints Supervision Consultant, the ESIs will be appointed by theConsultant (instead of IESCO).

* The EMP as well as environmental management requirements and specifications willbe included in all contracts IESCO and its contractors/consultants execute.

* Each contractor will be required to appoint a dedicated field Environmental andSocial Monitor (ESM) at the project site.

The cost of ESC will not be included in the proposed project.

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Environmental Management Plan IESCO 6" STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

* IESCO, through the ESC, will cooperate with regulatory agencies (such as the Pak-EPA) and other stakeholders who may want to send their own teams to monitor theproject activities.

Operation Phase

During the operation phase of the proposed project, environmental and socioeconomicmanagement will become a routine function, as an integral part of the O&M activities.The ESC will be the focal point for all matters relating to environmental andsocioeconomic issues during the routine operations of the Organization. The ESC willadvise various departments within IESCO for environmental and socioeconomic issues.The ESC will develop an environmental and socioeconomic management system for theCompany, defining roles and responsibilities of various departments and their respectivestaff.

10.3.2 Organizational Structure and Responsibilities

Construction Phase

The organizational structure for the construction phase EMP is shown in Exhibit 10.1,and its salient features described below.

1. Primary responsibilities:

* The GSC Department through its Project Director (PD) will be responsible for theproject's compliance with the ESA and EMP throughout the project. The ESCwill assist GSC Department and will provide policy support in all environment andsocioeconomic matters.

* The Supervision Consultant (if IESCO chooses to employ one) through itsResident Engineer (RE) will be responsible for ensuring that the contractorsadhere to the quality requirements and other commitments includingimplementation of the EMP and ESA.

* The contractors' Chief Executive Officer or Country Manager will assume themain responsibility for all environmental matters pertaining to their work.

. The PD will coordinate with relevant government departments (Pak-EPA) andother stakeholders through the ESI.

2. Field management and quality control:

* Carrying out construction activities in an environmentally and socially soundmanner during the construction phase will be the responsibility of the sitemanagers of the contractor(s).

* The GSC's site incharge (or RE, if the Supervision Consultant is employed) willbe responsible for the environmental and social soundness of all constructionactivities.

3. On-the-job supervision and monitoring:

* The ESM of each contractor will be responsible for the implementation of theEMP during construction works. He will also be responsible for communication

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Environmental Management Plan IESCO 6th STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

with and the training of their respective construction and camp crews in allaspects of the EMP.

*. The ESI will ensure implementation of the EMP in the field. He will alsocoordinate with the PD, the contractor's project management and ESM of eachcontractor. ESI will be part of IESCO's site organization if no SupervisionConsultant is employed. Otherwise, the ESI will be part of the SupervisionConsultant's site staff.

* If any monitoring teams from government departments or from NGOs visit thefield during the field activities, the ESI will be responsible for coordinating theirvisits.

The responsibilities of various role players are summarized in Exhibit 10.2.

Operation Phase

As stated in Section 10.3.1 above, the environmental and social management will beintegrated in the IESCO's O&M system. Expertise will be instituted in the ESC to supportthe O&M staff for the environmental and social management of their respective activities.

IDA MlEigation Plan

The mitigation plan is a key component of the EMP. It lists all the potential effects ofeach activity of the project and their associated mitigation measures identified in the ESA.For each project activity, the following information is presented in the plan:

* A listing of the potential impact associated with that project activity,

* A comprehensive listing of mitigation measures (actions),

* The person(s) responsible for ensuring the full implementation of the action,

* The person(s) responsible for monitoring the action,

* The timing of the implementation of the action to ensure that the objectives ofmitigation are fully met.

The mitigation plan for the construction phase of the proposed project is presented inExhibit 10.3.

It should be emphasized that the mitigation measures will have to be translated intoenvironmental as well as social requirements and specifications to be made part of thecontracts for the construction activities, with legal binding.

10.5 Mshlonring Plan

The objective of environmental and social monitoring during the various phases of theproposed project will be as follows:

* Ensuring that the mitigation measures included in the ESA are being implementedcompletely.

* Ensuring the effectiveness of the mitigation measures in minimizing the project'simpacts on social and environmental resources.


Environmental Management Plan IESCO 6!" STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

To achieve these objectives the following monitoring program will be implemented.

10.5.1 Compliance Monitoring

The compliance monitoring of the project activities is principally a tool to ensure that theenvironmental and social control measures required in the ESA are strictly adhered toduring the project activities.

Various aspects of the ESA compliance monitoring will be to:

* Systematically observe the activities undertaken by the contractors (and sub-contractors) or any other person associated with the project.

* Verify that the activities are undertaken in compliance with the ESA, EMP and RP(RP is provided under separate cover).

* Document and communicate the observations to the concemed person(s) of thecontractors, GSC Department and ESC, so that any corrective measures, if required,can be taken in a timely fashion.

* Maintain a record of all incidents of environmental and social significance and relatedactions and corrective measures.

* Maintain contact with the communities, solicit their views and concerns, and discussthem during the fortnightly meetings.

* Prepare periodic reports of the environmental and social performance of project.

The mitigation plan discussed in Section 10.4 will be used as a management andmonitoring tool for compliance monitoring. Inspection will be done using checklistsprepared by the respective contractors, on the basis of the Exhibit 10.3, during theconstruction phase.

Compliance monitoring will be the responsibility of all organizations involved in the fieldactivities, ie, GSC Department and the contractors. It will be carried out by the following:

* ESI

* ESM.

10.5.2 Effects Monitoring

The ESA predicts the impacts of the proposed project on the basis of informationavailable at the time of conducting the assessment and the natural processes that linkvarious environmental and social parameters. Based on this prediction, mitigationmeasures are introduced such that the predicted residual effects do not exceedacceptable levels. However, there is always an element of uncertainty in suchpredictions due to an insufficient grasp of the processes, limitations in predictiontechniques, or inadequate data on the environment. This is true for the physical,biological, as well as socioeconomic environment. Consequently, it is possible that evenif the mitigation measures are implemented fully, the negative impacts of the project willexceed acceptable limits.

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In order to address the above concerns, effects monitoring will be undertaken during theproject activities, with the overall objective of proper management of environmental andsocial risks and uncertainties. Broadly, effects monitoring has the following objectives:

* To verify that the impacts of the proposed project are within acceptable limits, thusestablishing credibility (public assurance)

* To immediately warn the project proponents (and the regulatory agencies, if required)of unanticipated adverse impact or sudden changes in impact trends so thatcorrective actions can be undertaken, which may include modifications in theproposed activities, or the inclusion of modified or additional mitigation measures

* To provide information to plan and control the timing, location, and level of certainproject activities so that the effects are minimized.

* To facilitate research and development by documenting the effects of the proposedproject that can be used to validate impact-prediction techniques and provide a basisfor more accurate predictions of future projects.

The effects monitoring plan is provided in Exhibit 10.4. The detailed methodologies willbe developed during the detailed design phase of the project, when the specificinformation on field activities will be known. The effects monitoring will comprise thefollowing:

* Soil erosion

* Water quality

* Water consumption and availability

* Air quality

* Noise

* Socioeconomic aspects

* Grievance monitoring.

In addition, contact will be maintained with the communities, their views and concernssolicited. The outcome of these consultations will be discussed during the fortnightlymeetings at the site.

10.5.3 External Monitoring

In addition to the compliance and effects monitoring discussed above, IESCO will engagean independent consultants to carry out extemal monitoring on periodical basis. Theobjectives of this extemal monitoring will be to ensure that:

* the EMP is being adequately implemented,

* mitigation measures are being implemented,

* the RP is being implemented

* the compliance and effects monitoring are being conducted,

* environmental and social trainings are being conducted, and



* complete documentation is being maintained.

The extemal monitoring consultants will periodically visit the sites (grid stations as well asthe transmission line routes), examine the documentation maintained at the site,interview key site staff, make spot checks, take photographs where necessary, interviewthe PAPs, and meet with the communities. After each external monitoring visit, theconsultant will prepare a monitoring report and submit to IESCO. The report will includethe observations made during the visits, highlight non-compliances observed, if any,salient information obtained from PAPs/communities, and make recommendations.

10.6 Cemmusicatien and Dhcumentatimn

An effective mechanism for storing and communicating environmental and socialinformation during the project is an essential requirement of an EMP. The key features ofsuch a mechanism are:

* Recording and maintenance of all information generated during the monitoring in apredetermined format.

* Communicating the information to a central location.

* Storing raw information in a central database.

* Processing the information to produce periodic reports.

A description of the various components of the communication and documentationsystem is given below.

10.6.1 Data Recording and Maintenance

The forms to be used for recording information during the environmental and socialmonitoring will be developed by the ESI, under the supervision of ESC. These forms willfollow a standard format, which will correspond to the database into which all theinformation gathered will be placed. All common fields will have identical formats in thedatabase and on the forms. Check boxes will be used as much as possible for ease infilling out the forms and to facilitate data entry.

All forms will be numbered and a tracking system will be developed for each. Whenevera form is released for use in the field, its number will be recorded. The field staff will berequired to account for each form after completion. In this manner, it will be ensured thatall forms are retumed to the office.

10.6.2 Meetings

The following environmental meetings will take place during the project:

* Project initiation meetings (one each for each of the contractors).

* Fortnightly meetings. 2

The purpose of the project initiation meetings will be to discuss the EMP, and ensure fullcommitment from concemed parties for its implementation.

2 Frequency of meetings may be adjusted per the situation.

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A periodic meeting will be held at site during the construction phase. The purpose of themeetings will be to discuss the conduct of the operation, non-compliances noted by theESI or Contractors' ESMs. The remedial measures will also be discussed and agreedduring these meetings. The meeting will be recorded in the form of an environmentalreport (ER) prepared by the ESI.

10.6.3 Grievance Redressal Mechanism

An attempt has been made during the present ESA to identify all potential impacts of theproposed project, to identify all PAPs, to provide mitigation measures to address thepotential impacts, and to chart out a mechanism to implement these mitigation measures(including payment of compensation).

However during the project implementation, the stakeholders (mostly the communities inthe vicinity of the project sites/transmission line routes) may still have some grievanceswith respect to the project activities, their impacts, compensation and other mitigationmeasures. The key reasons of these grievances are listed below:

* PAPs not enlisted,

* Losses (such as damaged crops) not identified correctly,

* Compensation inadequate or inappropriate,

* Dispute about ownership,

* Delay in disbursement of compensation,

* Improper distribution of compensation in case of joint ownership.

In order to address the above eventualities, the Grievance Redressal Mechanism (GRM)has been devised. The main objective of the GRM will be to provide a mechanism tomediate conflict and cut down on lengthy litigation, which often delays the infrastructureprojects such as the 6'h STG. It will also facilitate people who might have objections orconcerns about their assistance, a public forum to raise their objections and throughconflict resolution, address these issues adequately. The main functions of the GRM willbe as follows:

* Provide a mechanism to the PAPs on problems arising as a result of projectactivities,

* Record the grievance of the PAPs, categorize and prioritize the grievances that needto be resolved, and

* Report to the aggrieved parties about the developments regarding their grievancesand the decision of the project authorities.

Under the GRM, the ESI will maintain the Social Complaint Register (SCR) at the sites todocument all complaints received from the local communities. The information recordedin the Register will include date of the complaint, particulars of the complainant,description of the grievance, actions to be taken, the person responsible to take theaction, follow up requirements and the target date for the implementation of the mitigation


Environmental Management Plan IESCO 6' STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

measure. The register will also record the actual measures taken to mitigate theseconcems.

As soon as a complaint is received, the ESI will discuss it with the ESMs, and determinethe remedial action. If required, consultations will also be undertaken with thecontractor's site managers and GSC's PD. Once the remedial action is decided,impiementation responsibility as well as schedule will be determined.

The proposed remedial action will be documented in the SCR, with complete details (bywhom and by when). The proposed remedial action will be shared with the complainant.Similarly, the actual action taken will also be documented in the Register and shared withthe complainant. The complainant's views on the remedial action taken will also bedocumented in the Register.

The SCR will be reviewed during the fortnightly meetings at the site during the project,and the action items discussed. The progress on the remedial actions will also bereviewed during the meetings.

The Register will also be shared with the PD and ESC, on regular basis, for informationand further action, if any.

The GRM's roles, responsibilities and implementation mechanism are explained inExhibit 10.5.

10.6.4 Reports

The ESI will produce periodic reports based on the information collected. These willinclude reports for:

* Project initiation meetings with each contractor,

* Fortnightly meetings,

* Non-compliances,

* Effects monitoring.

At the end of the construction phase, a final report will also be prepared.

10.7 Enviranmental and Social Tralunngs

Environmental and social trainings will help to ensure that the requirements of the ESAand EMP are clearly understood and followed by all project personnel throughout theproject period. The primary responsibility for providing training to all project personnelwill be that of the ESI. The environmental and social training program will be finalizedbefore the commencement of the project, during the detailed design phase. The trainingwill be provided to the IESCO staff, the construction contractors, and other staff engagedfor the project. Training will cover all staff levels, ranging from the management andsupervisory to the skilled and unskilled categories. The scope of the training will covergeneral environmental awareness and the requirements of the ESA and the EMP, withspecial emphasis on sensitizing the project staff to the environmental and social aspectsof the area. Exhibit 10.6 provides a summary of various aspects of the environmentalsocial trainings.

e 10-9 August 2006DRT06VO21ES-S1 o

Environmental Management Plan IESCO 6"' STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

During the O&M phase of the project, these trainings will continue to be conducted byESC for all relevant staff of the Company, particularly from GSC, GSO and Planningdepartments.

10.8 Change Management

The present ESA has been carried out on the basis of the project information available atthis stage. This is however possible that changes are made in some components of theproject, during the design and construction phases. In order to address theenvironmental and social implications of these changes, a simple framework has beendevised, which is described in this section.

The change management framework recognizes the following three broad categories ofthe changes in the project:

* Category A changes,

* Category B changes, and

* Category C changes.

These categories are defined below.

10.8.1 Category 'A' Change

The 'Category A' change is one that leads to a significant departure from the projectdescribed in the ESA and consequently requires a reassessment of the environmentaland socioeconomic impacts associated with the change. In such an instance, IESCO willbe required to conduct a fresh ESA of the changed portion of the project, and send thereport of this assessment to the relevant agencies for approval (Pak-EPA). Examples ofsuch changes are provided below.

* Change in the transmission line route by more than 2 km of the original alignment.Or change in the route by less than 2 km, but the changed route has environmentaland/or social sensitivity more than the original route.

* Increase in the transmission line length exceeding 20 % of the original design. Orincrease in length by less than 20% but involving areas which are more sensitive -environmentally and/or socially - than the original route.

* Change in the grid station site by more than 2 km of the location studied during theESA. Or change in the site by less than 2 km but the new location has a higherenvironmental and/or social sensitivity.

* Increasing the number of grid stations to be established.

10.8.2 Category 'B' Change

The category 'B' change is one that may entail project activities not significantly differentfrom those described in the ESA, which may result in project effects whose overallmagnitude would be similar to the assessment made in this report. In case of suchchanges, the ESI (with assistance from the ESC) will be required to reassess theenvironmental and socioeconomic impacts of the activity, specify additional mitigation

10-10 August2006DRT06VO21ES-S1 0


measures, if necessary, and report the changes to the relevant agencies (Contractors,ESC, Pak EPA). Examples of such changes are provided below.

* Changes in the transmission line route by more than 500 m of the original alignment,but not exceeding 2 km, provided that the changed route does not haveenvironmental or social sensitivity more than the original area.

* Increase in the transmission line length exceeding 10 % of the original design, butnot exceeding 20%, provided that the extended route does not have environmental orsocial sensitivity more than the original area.

* Change in the grid station site by more than 500 m of the location studied during theESA, but not exceeding 2 km, provided that the new location does not haveenvironmental or social sensitivity more than the original area.

Such changes will necessitate site surveys for the transmission line routes or grid stationsites, by the environmental and socioeconomic experts. A site specific assessment forany additional environmental as well as socioeconomic issues will need to be carried out.Complete record of the surveys and assessment will be maintained.

10.8.3 Category 'C' Change

A Category-C change is one that is of little consequence to the ESA findings. This typeof change does not result in effects beyond those already assessed in the ESA, rather itmay be made onsite to minimize the impact of an activity, such as re-aligning a particularsection of the transmission line to avoid cutting a tree, or relocating constructioncampsites to minimize clearing vegetation. The only action required for such changeswill be to record the change in the Change Record Register.

10.9 Public Disclosure

IESCO will disclose this ESA and EMP to all the stakeholders at the commencement ofthe proposed project. The ESA report will be made available to the stakeholders at thesites designated by the EPA, in accordance with the national legislation (PEPA 1997). Inaddition, the executive summary of the ESA will be translated into Urdu language, andmade available to the affected communities (and also kept at the project sites). This willensure that the local communities are aware of the project, its key impacts, the mitigationmeasures and the implementation mechanism. In addition, the Executive Summary willbe disclosed through the IESCO's official website.

10.10 Cost ol Enviromnental and Secial Ma asement

The primary component of the environmental and social management cost pertains to thepersonnel dedicated for EMP implementation. The other component relates to theenvironmental effects monitoring as discussed in Section 10.5.2 and tabulated inExhibit 10.4. The cost of mitigation measures detailed in Exhibit 10.3 is completelyintegrated with the construction costs, and cannot be separated. The mitigationmeasures should be made part of the project design and hence included in the overallproject cost. Exhibit 10.7 provides the cost estimates for the environmental and socialmanagement of the proposed project.

e 10-11 August 2006DRT06VO21ES-S1 0


Exhibit 10.1: Organizational Structure for Environmental and Social Management


6W 10-12 August 2006DRT06VO21ES-S1 0

Organizational Structure for Environmental and Social Management

|Social Coll

Plct Drector(Cif Engineer)

MangarConstruction

(SE) L----

|DptManager ||Deputy Manager ||Deputy Manager | nvironmental and

CvlWorks (XEN) T/L Construction Grid Construction Tesia(XEN) (XEN) Social Inspector

-r-- -- -- -- -- - -- -- -- -----,---- ---- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 1- -- -- -- -- ---

Cii 1 1 Transmlsission Line| |GrdSatoContrctr I |Contractor |I | otractorar

| Construction Crew | nionmental and | |Construction Crew | nvironmental and | onstruction Crew Eniomna|n

Environmental Management Plan IESCO 6" STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Exhibit 10.2: Roles and Responsibilities

Organization Designation ResponsibilitiesEnvironmental Environmental and Advise GSC and other IESCO departments on matters relating to environment and social aspects ofand Social Cell Socioeconomic the project.

Experts Advise and support ESI for the implementation of ESA and EMP.

GSC PD Fulfill IESCO's and GSC's obligations as laid out various project documents.Department Ensure that the construction is carried out within the agreed timeframe according to satisfactory HSE and technical

standards.

GSC Site Incharge (or RE if Facilitate field management of contractors;Department (or Supervision Consultant Report regularly to the Project Manager and PD.Superviision is employed)Consultant)____

Environmental and Ensure that the entire project is conducted in an environmentally friendly manner.Social Inspector (ESI) Ensure compliance with all relevant environmental laws.

Facilitate full implementation of EMP and ESA requirements during the project.Assist the PD and Project Manager in fulfilling IESCO's and GSC's environmental responsibilities and keep themupdated on environmental matters relating to the construction.Review environmental reports (ER), and ensure implementation of corrective measures, if any.Coordinate with other stakeholders, including relevant EPAs.

Contractors Site Manager Manage construction activities, manage construction crew, camp crew and other site personnel, in anenvironmentally responsible manner;Liaise with GSC's Project Manager;Liaise with GSC's Site Incharge.

Environment and Manage the implementation of mitigation measures given in the ESA and EMP;Social Monitoros Manage implementation of entire EMP;(ESM) Report regularly to Site Manager;

Liaise with ESI;Provide environmental training to construction crew.



Exhibit 10.3: Mitigation Plan

Project Activities l I Impact Action Responsibility T Timingi Execution Monitoring

1 PCB Elimination Plan 1.1 Soil and water . The PCB Elimination Plan will be ESC Chief Executive Before the physicalcontaminationimlenaonf

developed (Exhibit 8.6 provides outline thmpermjenctaton of

ToR of the Plan).

2 Contractor Mobilization 2.1 Soil Erosion and Vehicular traffic on unpaved roads will Contractors ESM 'BC;land Demobilization [Contamination i b a aAC

. be avoided as far as possible ;AC

| Operation of vehicles and machinery

close to the water channels, water

! freservoir will be minimized.

Vehicles and equipment will not be

repaired in the field. If unavoidable,

impervious sheathing will be used to

____ _ _avoid soil and water contamination.

'2.2 Air Quality * Construction machinery and vehicles Contractors ESM BC;Deterioration will be kept in good working condition AC

and properly tunned, in order to

minimize the exhaust emissions.

Fugitive dust emissions will be

minimized by appropriate methods,

such as spraying water on soil, where

required and appropriate.

Project vehicles will avoid passing

through the communities, farms andu

orchards as far as possible. If

-____ -__________ _______unavoidable, speed will be reduced to

10-15 August 2006DRT06VO21ES-S1o

Environmental Management Plan IESCO 6t STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

l~ ResponsibilityProject Activities Impact Action Timing

15 km/h to avoid excessive dust-_| _ - - . - - . - - - - . - - - em issions. - AC

2.3 Noise * Vehicles will have exhaust mufflers Contractors ESM BC;(silencers) to minimize noisegeneration.

l l Nighttime traffic will be avoided near the!communities. Local population will betaken in confidence if such work isunavoidable.

Vehicular traffic through thecommunities will be avoided as far aspossible. Vehicle speeds will be keptlow, and horns will not be used whilepassing through or near thecommunities.~~~~~~~~~~~~~-- -- ---. - - ....- .... ...... -- ..-

2.4 Safety Hazards . Road signage will be fixed at Contractors ESM BC;

appropriate locations to reduce safety AChazard associated with project-relatedvehicular traffic.

* Project drivers will be trained ondefensive driving.

* Vehicle speeds near / within thecommunities will be kept low, to avoidsafety hazard and dust emissions.

2.5 Damage to . All damaged infrastructure will be Contractors ESM DC;Infrastructure restored to original or better condition. IAC

e 10-16 August 2006DRT06V021ES-S10

Environmental Management Plan IESCO 6 h STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

ResponsibilityProject Activities Impact Action Timing

I___Execution Monitoring

3 Construction Camp 3.1 Soil Erosion / * The construction camps will preferably Contractors ESM BC;Establishment and Contamination b e DCOperation be established in the nearby gnd

stations.

* Photographs will be taken to record the

site conditions prior to the

establishment of the camp.

* Construction camp will be located in a

stable and flat area, requiring minimal

devegetation and leveling. ESI'sapproval will be obtained for camp

location.

* Land clearing, leveling and grading will Ibe minimized, and carried out in a I

manner to minimize soil erosion.

. Vehicular traffic on unpaved roads will l

be avoided as far as possible. ,

Operation of vehicles close to the water

channels, water reservoirs will be

minimized.

* Contractors will prepare a waste

disposal plan and submit to ESI for his

approval.

* For the domestic sewage, appropriatetreatment and disposal system will be

constructed having adequate capacity.

-_ ------ .Waste oils will be collected in drums __-------.

Am 10-17 August 2006DRT06VO21ES-S1 o


Project Activities Impact Action TimingExecution Monitoring

and sold to the recycling contractors.

. The inert recyclable waste from the site(such as card board, drums,broken/used parts, etc.) will be sold torecycling contractors. The hazardouswaste will be kept separate andhandled according to the nature of thewaste.

. Domestic solid waste from theconstruction camp will be disposed in amanner that does not cause soilcontamination.

* The camp sites will be completelyrestored after the completion of theconstruction works. All temporarystructures will be demolished, landleveled and re-contoured to the originalcondition or better. All debris and any |other material will be removed from thesite. The photographs taken prior to thecamp establishment will be used to

.________ ______________________ restore the area. I -_--.--_----_

3.2 Air Quality * Construction camps, if located outside Contractors ESM BC;Deterioration the grid stations, will be established DC

about 500 m from communities.

j Generators and vehicles will be kept inl__l_! __ good working condition and properly i .i



i | l ResponsibilitylProject Activities Impact Action Respons |Moity Timing

Execution Monitoring ________

tunned, in order to minimize the

exhaust emissions.

* Fugitive dust emissions will be

minimized by appropriate methods,such as spraying water on soil, where !required and appropriate. Waste waterfrom kitchen and washing area of the

construction camp may be used for

water spraying.

l Project vehicles will avoid passing

through communities, farms andorchards. If unavoidable, max speed of15 km/h will be observed to avoidexcessive dust emissions.

3.3 Surface Water * For the domestic sewage, appropriate Contractors ESM BC;Contamination treatment and disposal system will be DC

constructed having adequate capacity.Waste oils will be collected in drums

and sold to the recycling contractors.

* The inert recyclable waste from the site(such as card board, drums,broken/used parts, etc.) will be sold torecycling contractors. The hazardouswaste will be kept separate andhandled according to the nature of the

waste.

-__ --.- __ - _ -_-- - -.-.-. -* Domestic solid waste from the

10-19 August 2006DRT06VO21ES-S1O


Project Activities Impact Action Responsibility TimingExecution Monitoring

construction camp will be disposed in amanner that does not cause soilcontamination.

3.4 Water . Water will be obtained from the source Contractors ESI DCConsumption approved by the ESI.

* Astute planning will be employed toconserve water at the construction sitesand camp. Water will be procured in amanner that least affects the localcommunities. Waste water recyclingwill be carried out for sprinkling andgardening purposes.

3.5 Loss of Vegetation * The construction camp wilt not be ESM ESI BC;

established in the initial 5-km segment DCof the Murree - Minhasa transmissionline route.

. Clearing natural vegetation will beavoided as far as possible.

* The camp will be established in anatural clearing, outside forested areas.

. Complete record will be maintained forany tree cutting.

. The construction crew will be providedwith LPG as cooking (and heating, ifrequired) fuel. Use of fuel wood will notbe allowed.

e 10-20 August 2006DRT06VO21ES-S1O


i l l l ResponsibilityProject Activities Impact Action i Timing

I _I Execution Monitoring

3.6 Noise * Generators and vehicles will have Contractors ESM BC;

exhaust mufflers (silencers) to minimize I DCnoise generation.

3.7 Safety Hazards * Protective fencing to be installed Contractors ESM BC;

around the Camp to avoid any DC

accidents.

* Firefighting equipment will be made

available at the camps.

* The camp staff will be provided fire

fighting training.

* All safety precautions will be taken totransport, handle and store hazardoussubstances, such as fuel.

3.8 Public Health * Camps will be at least 500 m from any Contractors ESM BC;

groundwater wells used by the DCcommunity.

* The construction camps and site offices

will have first-aid kits.

* The construction crew will be providedawareness for the transmissiblediseases (such as HIV/AIDS, hepatitisB and C).

3.9 Social and Gender * Construction crew will avoid entering the ESM ESI BC

Issues villages and settlements. DC

. No child labor will be employed.

e 10-21 August 2006DRT06VO21ES-S1 o

Environmental Management Plan IESCO 6t STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

x [ ResponsibilityProject Activities Immpact Action Timing

I Execution Monitoring

4 Transportation of 4.1 Soil Erosion and . Vehicular traffic on unpaved roads will Contractors !ESM DCEquipment and ContaminationConstruction Materials be avoided as far as possible.

Operation of vehicles and machinery


reservoir will be minimized.

* Vehicles and equipment will not be



avoid soil and water contamination.

4.2 Air Quality . Vehicular traffic on unpaved roads will Contractors ESM BC;Deterioration D

be avoided as far as possible. DC



reservoir will be minimized.

. Vehicles and equipment will not be




4.3 Noise * Vehicles will have exhaust mufflers Contractors ESM BC;

(silencers) to minimize noise DC

generation.

. Nighttime traffic will be avoided near the

communities. Local population will be

taken in confidence if such work is

unavoidable.

- - Vehicular traffic through the

e10-22 August2006DRT06VO21ES-S1O


ResponsibilityProject Activities j Impact Action E Timing

Execution =Monitoring

communities will be avoided as far aspossible. Vehicle speeds will be keptlow, and horns will not be used whilepassing through or near thecommunities. i

4.4 Safety Hazards * Road signage will be fixed at Contractors ESM BC;

appropriate locations to reduce safety DChazard associated with project-relatedvehicular traffic.

* Project drivers will be trained ondefensive driving.

. Vehicle speeds near / within thecommunities will be kept low, to avoidsafety hazard and dust emissions.

4.5 Damage to * All damaged infrastructure will be Contractors ESM BC;

Infrastructure restored to original or better condition. DC

5 Grid Station Construction 5.1 Land Acquisition * Land for the grid stations will be GSC Department ESI BC

purchased directly from the owners, onthe basis of willing seller- willing buyer,at mutually acceptable price (based onmarket price).

* The agreement between IESCO andthe sellers will be properly documented.

. Grievance redressal mechanism will beput in place to address the communitycomplaints.

_ 10-23 August_2006 .DRT06V021ES-Sl0

Environmental Management Plan IESCO 6 th STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Project Activities Impact Action Responsibility 1- Timingj __ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____Execution M onitoring _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

5.2 Loss of Agriculture . The land price will include any existing GSC Department ESI BC;

crops at the time of the agreement. {DCCompensation will also be paid fordamaged crops, if any, outside theacquired land (particularly at the BahterMore, Gangal and Sohawa grid stationsites).

• Complete record will be maintained forthe compensation determination and

'CotratortES153 Blocked Access * In case of the blockage of the existing Cotato IS ,Bc;

routes, alternate routes will be identified DCin consultation with affected

_____ ~~~~~communfities.J..t- .--.-15.4 iNoise and . Working hours for construiction activities Contractor ESM !DC

Vibrtionwithin the communities will be limited to

between 8am and 6pm.-

5.5 Safety Hazards * The construction sites will have Contractor ESM DCprotective fencing to avoid anyunauthorized entry.

* Before commencing the testingcommissioning of the system, thenearby communities will be informed.Protective fencing will be used whereappropriate/possible.

10-24 August 2006DRT06VO21E S-S 10

Envionmetal anagmentPlanIESCO 6 thSTG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Project Activities Impact Action RepniiiyTiming_ _ _ _ _ _ I _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ I Execution] :[Monitoring

15.6 IDamage to * All damaged infrastructure will be fContractor ESM !DC

Infrastucturerestored to original or better condition.h

5.7 Gender Issues . Bypass routes will be identified, if GCDprmn~S C

I required, especially those frequented by1 D

I women folk, such as route to the localwell or water source.

58 Social Issues * Construction crew will avoid entering

villages and settlements.

* Local social norms and practices will be

respected.

- - <9No child labor will be employed at sites.

:59 Sie o Hsorca, In case of discovery of any sites or ;GSC Department ESI BC;:Cultural,

Archelogicl or artifacts of historical, cultural, DReligious archeological or religious significance,

Signifcancethe work will be stopped at that site.

The provincial and federal archeological

i departments will be notifiedimmediately, and their advice will be

I sought before resumption of the

1 construction activities at such sites.

Cut adflatthe proposed grid station EMD

sit wllbecarefully designed, and ESI

1 ideally should balance each other. Thesurplus soil, if any, will be disposed at

places approved by ESI. Such sites will:± ______ _______ _______ _______ _______be selected after surveying the area I_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

6w10-25 August 2006DRT06V021ES-S1O


- .- I ResponsibilityProject Activities Impact Action E TimingExecution Monitoringt and ensuring that soil deposition will not

have any significant impacts, such asloss of productive land, blocked access,natural vegetation and disturbance todrainage.

* If necessary, fill material for grid stationsites will be obtained from appropriatelocations approved by ESI. Suchlocations will be selected aftersurveying the area and ensuring thatsoil extraction will not have anysignificant impacts, such as soilerosion, loss of natural vegetation anddisturbance to drainage.

* The fill material will not be obtainedfrom any cultivation fields, unlessallowed by the landowner/cultivator.

V Where the use of cultivated land isunavoidable for obtaining the fillmaterial, the top 30 cm soil layer will beremoved and stockpiled for redressingthe land after removal of the borrowmaterial. The excavation in such areaswill be limited to 50 cm depth.

* Areas from where the fill material isobtained or surplus soil deposited, willbe landscaped to minimize erosion and

10-26 August 2006DRT06VO21ES-S1o


Projet Acivitis Imact AtionResponsibility TmnProec Acivtis ipat or ctonExecution Monitoring Tmn

hazard frpeople and livestock.

* Embankments and excavated slopeswill not be left untreated/unattended for

long durations. Appropriate slopestabilization measures will be taken per

the design (eg, stone pitching).

* After the completion of the construction

works, campsites and otherconstruction sites will be completelyrestored. No debris, surplus

construction material or any garbage

will be left behind.

* Photographic record will be maintained

for pre-project, during-construction andpost-construction condition of the sites.

5.11 Soil Contamination . Vehicles and equipment will not be Contractors ESM, ESI DC


impervious sheathing will be used toavoid soil and water contamination.

* For the domestic sewage, appropriate

treatment and disposal system, such asseptic tanks and soaking pits, will be

constructed having adequate capacity.The contractor(s) will submit to ESI theplans for the camp layout and waste

disposal system, and obtain approval.

_____ ____- .Waste oils will be collected in drums

A u10-27 August 2006DRT06V021ES-Sl10

Environmental Management Plan IESCO 61h STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Project Activities Impact Action Responsibility Timing_ I_ _ _Execution [Monitoring

T and sold to the recycling contractors.The inert recyclable waste from the site(such as card board, drums,broken/used parts, etc.) will be sold torecycling contractors. The hazardouswaste will be kept separate andhandled according to the nature of thewaste.

* Domestic solid waste from theconstruction camp will be disposed in amanner that does not cause soilcontamination. The waste disposalplan submitted by the contractor(s) willalso address the solid waste.

* Leaked oil collection arrangement(such as a channel and a drain pitbelow the transformers) will beincorporated in the design of thetransformer foundations at the gridstations.

5.12 Air Quality * Construction machinery, generators Contractors ESM DCDeteioraionand vehicles will be kept in good

working condition and properly tunned,in order to minimize the exhaustemissions.

* Fugitive dust emissions will be____ __ ___ ___ ____ __ ___ ______minimized by appropriate methods,

A u10-28 August 2006DRT06VO21ES-SIO

Environmental Management Plan IESCO 6 1h STG and ELR Project (2006-07)

ESA Report

ResponsibilityProject Activities j j Impact Action Excto oioig1 Timing

such as spraying water on soil, whererequired and appropriate. Since wateravaiiability is an issue in some of theareas, it is recommended that the wastewater from kitchen and washing area ofthe construction camp may be used forwater spraying.While working within the communitiesfor works such as transmission lielaying, coordination with thecommunities wili be maintained tominimize any detrimentai impacts onthe crops and settiements.

5.13 Aesthetic Vafue * Tree piantation wiil be carried inside GSC Department ESI AC

and at the periphery of the grid stations,

without compromising the safetyaspects (ie, required clearances wiil bemaintained). For this purpose,

provisions wiil be made in the sitelayout of the grid stations.

6 Construction of 6.1 Loss of Agriculture . Temporary RoW will be acquired along GSC Department ESI BCTransmission Lines,Feeders and LT Lines the proposed transmission lines, and for(Murree - Minhasa; Azad access routes to the transmission linePattan - Trar Khal - Hajira; corridor.Kotli - Chak Swani andChoa Saidan Shah - * Compensation will be paid for the cropsDandot transmission lines damaged during the constructionand feeders in the activities. The compensation will be

am10-29 August 2006DRT06V021ES-Sl 0


ActionResponsibilityTinProject Activities I Impact Action Timing_ _ Execution J Monitoring 1adjoining areas) paid to the cultivator, and absence of

the land title will not be a bar toreceiving the compensation. TheResettlement Plan (provided underseparate cover) presents detailedprocedure for the compensationdetermination and payment.

* Complete record will be maintained forthe determination and payment of thecompensation.

* It will be ensured that the land underthe 1 32-KV transmission line towerremains available for cultivation.

. In case the above is not possible, theland under the tower will be acquired inaccordance with the LAA procedures(Section 17.4 of the LAA will not beused).

* The 1 1-KV feeders will be routed alongthe existing right of ways or roads,avoiding any existing structures. Thecultivated fields will also be avoided asfar as possible. In case, it is notpossible, damage to crops will becompensated.

* Operation of project vehicles and-_____ -___--_ ----- ____ ______construction machinery outside the

eA 10-30 August 2006DRT06VW21ES-S10

Environmental Management Plan IESCO 6 "h STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

i l i i ResponsibilityProject Activities Impact Action M oTiming

lExecution iMonitoring

RoW will be avoided. Attempts will be

made to use existing tracks/roads to

access the transmission line

corridor/tower locations. In case new

access routes are necessary, the

cultivated land will be avoided as far as

possible. Damage to crops will be

compensated. .

Grievance redressal mechanism will be

put in place to address the community

complaints.

6.2 Blocked Access * In case of the blockage of the existing Contractor ESM BC;

routes, alternate routes will be identified DC

in consultation with affected

communities.

6.3 Noise and . Vehicular traffic through the Contractor ESM DC

.i communities will be avoided as far as

possible. Project routes will be

authorized by ESI.

. Vehicle speeds will be kept low, and

horns will not be used while passing

through or near the communities.

* Vehicles will have exhaust silencers to

minimize noise generation.

* Nighttime traffic will be avoided near the

--communities.

e 10-31 August 2006DRTo6VO21ES-S1 o


-. ResponsibilityProject Activities Imp~act Action Excto oioigTiming

* Movement of all project vehicles andpersonnel will be restricted to withinwork areas, to avoid noise disturbance.

* Working hours for construction activitieswithin the communities will be limited tobetween 8am and 6pm.

6.4 Safety Hazards * The communities near the transmission Contractor ESM DC

line routes will be informed about theconstruction activities. Protectivefencing will be installed where required.

* Before commencing the testing

commissioning of the system, thenearby communities will be informed.Protective fencing will be used whereappropriate/possible.

6.5 Damage to * All damaged infrastructure will be Contractor ESM DCInfrstruturerestored to original or better condition.

6.6 Gender Issues * Bypass routes to be identified, if GSC Department ESI BC;

required, especially along routes DCfrequented by women, such as route to

the local well or water source.

6.7 Social Issues * Construction crew will avoid in entering

villages and settlements.

* No chills labor will be employed at theproject sites.

10-32 August 2006DRT06VO21ES-S1O


t | f fResponsibilityProject Activities Impact Action R Timing

l l Execution [Monitoring _

6.8 Sites of Historical, . Extreme care will be employed while Contractor ESM jDC

Archeological or working through the graveyards that

Religious exist on the transmission line routes.Significance No graves will be damaged.

Construction activities will be carried

out after consultation with the

nearby/relevant community.

* In case of discovery of any sites or GSC Department ESI DC

artifacts of historical, cultural,

archeological or religious significance,

the work will be stopped at that site.

The provincial and federal archeological

departments will be notified

'I immediately, and their advice will be

sought before resumption of theconstruction activities at such sites.

|6.9 'Soil Erosion * Embankments and excavated slopes Contractor ESM DC

will not be left untreated/unatterded for

long durations. Appropriate slope

stabilization measures will be taken per

the design (eg, stone pitching).

* Vehicular traffic on unpaved roads will

be avoided as far as possible.


close to the water bodies will be

minimized.

._ __ - . -- * Construction works at mountain slopes -.

e 10-33 August 2006

DRT06VO21ES-S1O


ResponsibilityProject Activities Impact Action E l TimingExecution Monitoring

will be carefully planned. Off-trackvehicular traffic will not be allowed.

. Appropriate measures wili be taken toavoid soil erosion during the excavationof transmission line tower foundations.These include temporary embankmentsto protect excavated soil and placinggabions. The surplus soil will bedisposed as stated above.

l After the completion of towerfoundations particularly on slopes,additional stone pitching around thefoundation will be carried out, whererequired, to avoid any subsequent soilerosion/land sliding.

l The construction works, particularly inthe mountainous areas, will not beundertaken during the rainy season.

i After the completion of the constructionworks, the transmission fine routes andother construction sites will becompletely restored. No debris, surplusconstruction material or any garbagewill be left behind.

* Photographic record will be maintainedfor pre-project, during-construction andpost-construction condition of the sites.



Project Activities I Impact Action Responsibility TimingExecution Monitoring

6.10 Soil Contamination . Vehicles and equipment will not be Contractor ESM DC

repaired in the field. If unavoidable,impervious sheathing will be used to


6.11 Air Quality * Construction machinery, generators Contractor ESM DC

Deterioration and vehicles will be kept in good

working condition and properly tunned,

in order to minimize the exhaustemissions.

. Fugitive dust emissions will beminimized by appropriate methods,

such as spraying water on soil, where

required and appropriate. Since water

availability is an issue in some of theareas, it is recommended that the waste

water from kitchen and washing area of

the construction camp may be used for

water spraying.

* Project vehicles will avoid passing

through the communities and cultivationfields as far as possible. If unavoidable,speed will be reduced to 15 km/h to

avoid excessive dust emissions.

. While working within the communities

for works such as transmission line

laying, coordination with the

--________ -- communities will be maintained to

10-35 August 2006DRT06VO21ES-S 1o

Environmental Management Plan IESCO 6 STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

-. r ResponsibilityProject Activities Impact Action Respon Monity TimingExecution Monitoring

minimize any detrimental impacts on-__ jthe crops and settlements. -

6.12 Loss of Natural Clearing of natural vegetation will be Contractor ESM DCVegetation minimized as far as possible during the

transmission line works.

Herbicides will not be used to clearvegetation along the transmission lineroute (or at other project locations).

* No new tracks will be developed toreach the transmission line route inside ithe forested area particularly the initial i

5-km of the Murree - Minhasa route; I jthe existing routes will be used totransport equipment, material andpersonnel. Vehicles will not beoperated off-track in this area.

* For each transmission line route, a treecutting plan will be prepared andsubmitted to IESCO for approval. Acomplete record will be maintained forany tree cutting or trimming. Therecord will include: the number,species, type, size, age, condition andphotograph of the trees to becut/trimmed.

* A program will be developed for the tree-________ --- __ ---plantation particularly along the Murree-

h 10-36 August 2006DRT06VO21ES-S1O


- Project Activities I Impact Action Responsibility TimingExecution _onltorin

Minhasa transmission line route, in

I order to compensate removal of the

trees during the transmission line

laying. The trees thus planted will be at

least 5 times the ones which would be

removed for the transmission line

works. IESCO will provide the cost of

the tree plantation to the relevant Forest

Department (the Punjab Forest

Department for the project components

in the Punjab Province and the AJK

Forest Department for the project

components in AJK), who will plant the

trees at the appropriate places.

I Indigenous tree species will be selected

for plantation; in particular, Eucalyptus

trees will not be used in any case.

* Consultations will be held with the

forest department on the possibility of

using the transmission line route

(particularly the Murree - Minhasa) as

the fire line. The forest fires are a

frequent problem in our mountainous

areas, and if the de-vegetated strip

under the transmission lines can

effectively be used as the fire line, the

transmission lines can provide a useful

value to the forest.

10-37 August 2006DRT06VO2iES-S1O


ii ii ResponsibilityProject Activities Impact Action i l TimingI Execution Monitoring

* The construction crew will be provided E

with LPG as cooking (and heating, ifrequired) fuel. Use of fuel wood will not

be allowed.

* No fires will be allowed inside the

forest.

* Construction camps will not be

established inside the forested area.

* Tree plantation plan will be developed

and implemented at each of the grid

stations included in the proposed

project. Provisions will be made for tree

plantation while designing the layout of

the grid stations. This will compensate

any tree cutting in the non forest area

along the transmission lines.

Indigenous tree species will be selected

for plantation; Eucalyptus trees will not

be used in any case.

6.13 Damage to Wildlife * Blasting will not be carried out while Contractor ESM DC

working in the forested areas of the

Murree-Minhasa transmission line

route. No nighttime activities will be

carried out in this area. The works inthis area will be carried out in

coordination with the Forest and Wildlife

departments.



i ii Responsibility iProject Activities Impact Action | Respons ibiity Timing

IExecution Monitoring ________

Vehicle movement will be limited to the

l existing tracks in the above area.

l The measures to prevent soil and water

contamination will forestall any adverse i

I impact on the faunal resources of the

l larea.

* Garbage will not be left in the open.

* The project staff will not be allowed toindulge in any hunting or trapping

activities. _

7 Construction of 17.1 !Loss of * Same as item 6.1 above. GSC Department ESI 1BC'Transmission Lines, Agriculture/other !!Feeders and LT Lines assets I. Tubular poles will be used, instead ofi (Fateh Jang - Ahmadal - I conventional transmission line towers,Pindi Gheb; Dandot - ifor the feed for the MES grid station,I Pinanwal transmissionlines and feeders in the and the last section of the feed for the

ladjoining areas) I Adyala Road grid station. Thetransmission line route will be aligned I

I along the existing roads/RoW.

.7.2 Blocked Access * Same as item 6.2 above. Contractor ESM BC;

- - - -..... ... DC17.3 Noise and . Contractor ESM DC

Vibrtionsame as item 6.3 above.!Vibration i,!....

7.4 Safety Hazards * Same as item 6.4 above. Contractor ESM DC

7.5 Damage to . Same as item 6.5 above. Contractor ESM DC_ _ _ _r _ _. -Infrastructure L

10-39 August 2006DRTo6VO21ES-S10

Environmental Management Plan IESCO 6 IhSTG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

ResponsibilityProject Activities ]Impact [Action Excto oioig 1 Timing

17.6 Gender issues . Same as item 6.6 above. 1GSC DeatettlBC,DC

7j.7 Social Issues * Same as itern 6.7 above.

7.8 Sites of Historical, * Same as item 6.8 above. GSC Department ESI BC,Cultural, DCArcheological orReligiousSignificance

7.9 Soil Erosion * Vehicular traffic on unpaved roads will Contractor ESM DCbe avoided as far as possible.Operation of vehicles and machinery

close to the water bodies will beminimized.

* After the completion of the constructionworks, the transmission line routes andother construction sites will becompletely restored. No debris, surplusconstruction material or any garbagewill be left behind.

* Photographic record will be maintained

for pre-project, during-construction andpost-construction condition of the sites.

7.10 Soil Contamination * Same as item 6.10 above. Contractor ESM DC

17.11 Air Quality . Same as item 6.11 above. Contractor ESM DIDeterioration I D___

J71 oss of Natural * Clearing of natural vegetation w Il be IContrco SiD

Vegetation ~minimized as far as possible duingte ______

6A010-40 August 2006DRT06V021ES-S10


Project Activities Impact Action Responsibility TimingExecution Monitoring

transmission line works.

* Herbicides will not be used to clear

vegetation along the transmission line

route (or at other project locations).

* For each transmission line route, a tree

cutting plan will be prepared and

submitted to IESCO for approval. A

complete record will be maintained for

any tree cutting or trimming. The

record will include: the number,

species, type, size, age, condition and

photograph of the trees to be

cut/trimmed.

* The construction crew will be provided

with LPG as cooking (and heating, if

required) fuel. Use of fuel wood will not

be allowed.

* Tree plantation plan will be developed

and implemented at each of the grid

stations included in the proposed

project. Provisions will be made for tree

plantation while designing the layout of

the grid stations. This will compensate

any tree cutting in the non forest area

along the transmission lines.

Indigenous tree species will be selected

_____ _________________for plantation; Eucalyptus trees will not

10-41 August 2006DRTo6VO21ES-S1O


i. j__ - ResponsibilityProject Activities | Impact Action TimingExecution -Monitoring

be used in any case.

7.13 Damage to Widiife * Garbage will not be left in the open. Contractor ESM DC

* The project staff will not be allowed to

indulge in any hunting or trapping

activities.

7.14 Aesthetic Value * Transmission lines and feeders through GSC Department ESI DC

the cities will be constructed after astute

planning, in order to avoid dense

concentration of electrical lines.

ESI: Environmental and Social Inspector; BC: Before Construction;

ESM: Environment and Social Monitor; DC: During Construction;PM: Project Manager; AC: After Construction;GSC: Grid Station Construction.



Exhibit 10.4: Effects Monitoring Plan for Construction Period

No. Monitoring Parameter Monitoring Locations Frequency Responsibi e Rsource Documentation

1 Visual observation of soil Construction sites, During routine ESI - Record of observations.erosion campsites monitoring

2 Water quality At wells and surface waetr Before mobilization Contractor/ESM Sampling Complete record ofbodies near grid station bottles sampling and analyses.and constructioncampsites

Selected local wells Monthly Contractor/ESM Sampling Complete record ofbottles sampling and analyses.

Selected locations at Monthly Contractor/ESM Sampling Complete record ofnearby surface water bottles sampling and analyses.bodies

4 Water consumption Construction sites, Daily Contractor/ESM - Complete recordcampsite

5 Visual checks for any damage Construction sites During routine ESI - Record of observations.to water course, groundwater monitoringwells

6 Ambient air quality Construction sites, camp Before mobilization Contractor/ESM Ambient air Complete record ofsites quality sampling and analyses.

monitoringequipment

Construction sites, camp Once every two Contractor/ESM Ambient air Complete record ofsites months quality sampling and analyses.

monitoringequipment

7 Visual checks for exhaust Construction sites, camp During routine Contractor/ESM - Record of observations.emissions site monitoring

Visual checks for dust Construction sites, camp During routine Contractor/ESM - Record of observations.emissions site, project roads monitoring



...Cont'd. Exhibit 10.4.

No. Monitoring Parameter Monitoring Locations Frequency ResponsibiY Resource Documentation

8 Noise At nearby communities Fortnightly or during Contractor/ESM Noise meter Complete record of noisethe construction measurements, locations,activities causing etc.noise.

9 Public Grievances At nearby communities Throughout the field ESI Social Complete record to beactivities. Complaint maintained in the form of

Register the Social ComplaintRegister.

' Frequency may be adjusted in the field according to the situation and results of the monitoring.

e 10-44 August 2006

DRT06VO21ES-S1 0


Exhibit 10.5: Grievance Redressal Mechanism

Stage Action Action By By When Monitoring Notes

Mobilization at site Placement of Social Complaint ESM At the time ESI The SCR will have separate columns for: i) date ofRegister (SCR) at the site office of site complaint; ii) description of complaint; iii) particulars

mobilization. of complainant; iv) details of action required/decided;v) person(s) responsible to take action; vi) person(s)responsible to monitor the action; vii) details of actiontaken (when, by whom, where); viii) comments of thecomplainant after the action taken.A separate SCR will be placed at each grid stationincluded in the proposed project, and any otherproject site offices.

Complaint raised The complaint is recorded in ESM ESI The relevant columns of the SCR are filled.by any the SCR.complainant

Identification of A meeting is held between ESI Within 2 ESC The relevant columns of the SCR are filled.remedial action ESM and ESI, and if required days of the

with PM and Site Incharge. newThe redial action is identified. complaint.The PD and ESC are informedregarding the grievance andthe remedial action identified.

- -- - ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. - -......... ................................................. ........-

Implementation of The remedial action is Contractors or To be ESI The relevant columns of the SCR are filled.remedial action implemented IESCO, | decided for

depending upon |each Ithe nature of the remedialremedial action.measure

Feed back to the Information is provided to the ESM Within 1 ESI The relevant columns of the SCR are filled.complainant complainant regarding the week of the

remedial action taken. action taken.The comments/observations ofthe complainant are obtainedand documented.

10-45 August 2006DRTo6VO21ES-S1o


...Cont'd. Exhibit 10.5.

IMonitoringStage Action Action By By When B Notes

Fortnightly site The SCR will be discussed. ESI Fortnightly. PM The discussion will be documented in the minutes ofmeetings meeting.On monthly basis The summary of SCR will be ESI Monthly. PM

sent to PD and ESC.


Environmental Management Plan IESCO 6h STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Exhibit 10.6: Environmental and Social Trainings

Contents Participants Responsibility Schedule

General environmental and socioeconomic awareness; Design team; ESC Prior to the start of the project

Environmental and social sensitivity of the project area; Selected IESCO activities.

Key findings of the ESA; management staffMitigation measures;EMP;Social and cultural values of the area.

General environmental and socioeconomic awareness; All site personnel ESI and ESM Prior to the start of the field

Environmental and social sensitivity of the project area; activities.

Mitigation measures;Community issues;Awareness of transmissible diseasesSocial and cultural values.

EMP; Construction crew ESM Prior to the start of the

Waste disposal construction activities.

Road safety; Drivers ESM Before and during the field

Defensive driving; operations.

Waste disposal;Cultural values and social sensitivity.

Camp operation; Camp staff ESM Before and during the field

Waste disposal; operations.

Natural resource conservation;Housekeeping.Restoration requirements; Restoration teams ESM Before the start of the restorationWaste disposal activities.

AN 10-47 August 2006

DRT06VO21ES-S10

Environmental Management Plan IESCO 6m STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Exhibit 10.7: Cost of Environmental and Social Management

Description Cost Basis(Pak Rs.)

1 Environmental Personnel

ESI (3) 2,160,000 18 months x 40,000 PM a

ESM (6) 0 To be induded in theContractor's cost

2 Environmental Monitoring 25,000 Initial water analysis todetermine baseline conditions(5 locations; 5,000 persample).

540,000 6 water samples per month;Rs. 5,000 per sample; 18months. b

100,000 Initial air quality analysis todetermine baseline conditions(5 locations; 20,000 perlocation)

480,000 4 air quality analysis everythree months; 20,000 peranalysis; 18 months. b.C

3 External Monitoring 900,000 3 x 1-day visits; 5 locations(GS): (15 days).

3 x 2 day visits; 5 TL locations(30 days).

45 days x !0,000 per day x 2experts

4 Environmental Trainings 440,000 11 training sessions x one-dayduration; Rs 40,000 pertraining. d

5 Tree Plantation 100,000 About 500 trees

6 Development of PCBs Elimination 520,000 26 days x 20,000 per day.Plan

7 Crop/tree Compensation 8,569,700 See Section 5.3 inResettlemetn Plan.

8 Miscellaneous Expenses 500,000 Lump sum

9 Contingencies 430,000 3 % of the above

Total 14,764,700

The duration of the proposed project has been assumed as 18 months.Frequency of analysis may be adjusted by ESI on the basis of the previous results or sensitivity of area.Parameters for air quality monitonng to be determined by ESI, depending upon the area sensitivity/expectedpollutants.

d Frequency of the trainings may be altered per the requirements.



11 Conclusions and Recommendalions

This ESA has been conducted in line with the relevant guidelines of the WB and GoP.

The objective of the ESA is to identify and assess the potential environmental and social

impacts of the proposed 6'h STG and ELR project (2006-07). The ESA also includes

public consultation with the institutional as well as grass root stakeholders, in order to

apprise them of the project activities and to obtain their views and concerns.

This Chapter presents the conclusions, and the key recommendations for further actions.

n1.1 c.ZuclOS}.ll

The major conclusions of the ESA are:

* For the electricity transmission and grid station projects such as the 6th STG and

ELR, environmental and social impacts are experienced primarily during the

construction phase. The operation phase will have mostly insignificant impacts on

the social, physical and biological environment of the area. This has been confirmed

during the environmental and social assessment as part of this ESA. Furthermore,

some of the impacts can be forestalled at the design stage as well.

* The potential impacts during the construction phase of the proposed project include

damage to crops, soil erosion and contamination, water contamination, deterioration

of ambient air quality caused by exhaust emissions and kicked-up dust, noise

pollution, damaged infrastructure, safety hazards and public health concerns for the

nearby communities.

* The environmental and social management issues during the operation phase of the

proposed project include waste disposal at the grid stations and safety hazards for

the IESCO staff as well as the nearby communities.

* All the recommended mitigation measures are contained in the EMP, which will need

to be made part of the construction contract(s). The EMP provides the organization

structure for the environmental management system during the project

implementation, and defines roles and responsibilities of various role players. The

EMP includes a mitigation plan, which precisely defines the mitigation actions,

executing persons, monitoring persons and timing of these actions. An

environmental and social monitoring plan is also included in the EMP, in addition to

communication and documentation requirements, and training needs, in the context

of environmental and social management.

* An RP has also been developed to provide framework and procedure to address the

involuntary resettlement issues and to guide through the compensation assessmentand disbursement process during the proposed project. (The RP is provided under a

separate cover.) The RP will also be made part of the construction contracts.

* The mitigation measures proposed in this ESA adequately address all the concerns

raised by the stakeholders, as summarized in Exhibit 11.1.

11-1 August2006DRTo6VO21ES-S1 1

Conclusions and Recommendations IESCO 6 "h STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

* Based on the recommended mitigation measures provided in Chapters 8 and 9, theimpacts identified in Exhibit 8.1 will be sufficiently mitigated. Exhibit 11.2 presentsthe assessment of the residual impacts.

. On the basis of the overall impact assessment, more specifically, nature andmagnitude of the residual environmental and socioeconomic impacts identified duringthe present ESA, it is concluded that the proposed project is unlikely to cause anysignificant, lasting impact on the social, physical and biological environment of thearea, provided that the proposed activities are carried out as mentioned in this report,and the mitigation measures included in this report are completely and effectivelyimplemented.

11.2 Recammendations

On the basis of the environmental and social impact assessment discussed in Chapter 8and 9, and the conclusions provided in Section 11.1 above, it is recommended that:

* The EMP should be made a part of the contracts awarded by IESCO for theproposed project.

• The Company should follow the RP for addressing the involuntary resettlementissues (primarily pertaining to crops damaged as a result of construction activities),and to compensate the project affected persons (PAPs).

* IESCO will not purchase transformers having PCB-containing oil. However, oldtransformers in the IESCO system may still have PCB-containing oil. Therefore, aprogram should be developed to eliminate the PCB-containing transformer oil from itsentire system. To start with, the grid stations and workshops should be provided withthe PCB testing kits.

* In-house environmental and social management capacity should be developed inIESCO. For this purpose, an Environmental and Social Cell should be establishedwithin the company.

* IESCO should develop its Environmental and Social Policy, which shoulddemonstrate the company's commitment towards sound environmental and socialmanagement practices throughout its operations. IESCO should adhere to theenvironmental legislation and regulations, particularly for conducting environmentaland social assessments for all its future projects.


Conclusions and Recommendations IESCO 6t STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Exhibit 11.1: Summary of Concem Raised by Stakeholders and their Mitigation

Concems / Recommendations Mitigation Measures

Land acquisition issues. See Section 9.3.1.

Possibility of soil and water contamination See Sections 8.2 and 8.4.1.caused by the PCB-containing transformeroil.

Possible damage to flora and fauna along See Sections 8.3.5, 8.3.6 and 8.4.2.the Murree - Minhasa transmission lineroute.

Construction-related issues, such as waste See Sections 8.3.1, 9.3.5 and 9.4.1.disposal, soil erosion and hazard forcommunities.

Effects of electromagnetic radiation caused See Section 9.2.by the high power transmission lines.

Obstruction to avifauna caused by See Section 8.3.6.transmission lines passing over the rivers.

Forest fires caused by the transmission See Section 8.4.2.lines

Safety hazards for people caused by the See Sections 9.2, 9.3.5 and 9.4.1.transmission lines

Safety hazard for livestock caused by the See Sections 9.2, 9.3.5 and 9.4.1.transmission lines

Possibility of transmission line passing over See Section 9.2.the settlements

IESCO should conduct environmental See Section 11.2.assessment of all of its projects.

IESCO should develop organizational See Section 10.3.1.capacity for managing the environmentalissues during its operations.

Development of PCB elimination program. See Section 8.4.1.

Installation of the underground PVC cables See Section 9.2.should be considered near the grid stationsin the congested urban areas.

IESCO should take all safety precautions to See Sections 9.2, 9.3.5 and 9.4.1.minimize safety hazards associated withthe transmission lines

Payment of full compensation for the cost See Section 9.3.1.of land.


Conclusions and Recommendations IESCO 6 th STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Exhibit 11.2: Environmental Screening Matrix (Mitigated)

___ Physical Biological Social and Socioeconomic

0 I cu I Q)0iCI CD(0 0 ~~~ :E 1 :ow:~ )

Design Phase o o o o o- _

Site Selection for Grid Stations ____0 0 0 -1 N_ I 7~Route Selection for Transmission 0

00 0 0 0 0 0 000 -1 -1 N N 0 1 00Lines/FeedersFEquipment Selection 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 N N 0 0 0 0

Construction Phase-Grid Stations -N N 0 Ni 0 N1 1Land Acquisition N N N N 0 N -1 0 1 N N NN N N NMobilization of Contractors 0 -1 0_ 0 0 0 0{ _ __ ___ 0 0 -lConstruction Camp Establishment -l -l 0 0 0 0 0 0;10 -1O F1 Oi+li 0OF 0 F 0-1Construction Camp Operation 0 ___1T &0--I1o -1 0 ___ _T__I

Transportation of Construction 0 0 -11 +Materials and Supplies 1__II_ ___- -. 2 0Excavation for Foundations -1 -I oFOFO -1 1-1 0 -1 i0F0 0 oF.JIl o 0 0

0 0 010 __

Equipment Installation 0 -l 0 - O- 0 0 0 {;i 0 t 0 0Testing and Commissioning 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0 0 0 0

Construction Phase-TransmissionILines/Feeders_____-J

e-6w11-4August 2006DRT06VO21ES-S1 1

Conclsion andRecomendaionsIESCO 6 IhSTG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

Physical Biological Social and Socioeconomic

'r0)k :~ 0

:a co

o - o Z c

C0 CY ''Pz g0 C 000 *-~.~ 0 1t0 ~ . 0 ~

(/)0 w (D 0 ..0 m 1~ Uj - O ICE

Land Acquisition N N N N N N N 0 N -1 0 -1 N N N N NN N N

Mobilization of Contractors 0 1-1 10 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0 0 1 +1 0 0 0 0 -1

Construction CamppErtatliohmnt 0 -10 6-1 0 0 _ 0 1 0 00;0 +1I010 0 0 -1

Transportation of Construction 0 -1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 -1 + 1 0 0 0 0 -1

-- -M aterials- - --- - - - - -- -

Excavation for Foundations -1 -1 0 0 0 -1 -1 0 -1 0 0 0 0 +1 0 0 0 0 0

Construction of Foundations -1 -1 -lJ- -1 0 JO 0 -1100 0 O'l +1 0 0 0 0 0

Erection of Towersf Poles 0 -1 0 0 0 0 -1 -1 0 0 K1 +1 0 0 0 0 0

Stringing 0 1 0 010 0 _ 0 -1 -1 0 0 -I +1 0 0 0 0 0

Testing and Commission-ing 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 -0 0 0 0 -1 0 0 0 0 0 0

Contractor Demobilization 0 -1 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0 0 -1 +1 0 0 0 0 -1

Operation and Maintenance PhaseGrid Station O&M 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 +1 0 0 0 0 0

Transmission Line/Feeders O&M I0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 I0 0 0 0 1 +1 0 0 00 0

Key: -2: High negative impact; -1: Low negative impact; 0: insignificant/negligible impact; +1: low positive impact; +2: High positive impact, N: no impact.

e w11-5 August 2006DRT06VO21ES-Sl 1

IESCO 6 t STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

12 BeferenCes and Document Support

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Ali, Salim and Ripley, S. Dillon 1968. A Synopsis of the Birds of India and Pakistan.Bombay Natural History Society, Bombay, India.

Ali, S. A. 1996. The Book of Indian Birds. 12th revised and enlarged Centenary edition.Bombay Natural History Society, Bombay, India.

Anwar, M., 1989: Development of a Management Plan for Grey Goral. Lessons fromBlackbuck and Cheer Pheasant Reintroduction Attempts. Dissertation for PhD in wildlifescience, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA

ADB 2003. Environmental Assessment Guidelines. Asian Development Bank.

Baig, K. J. 1997. Distribution of Laudakia (Sauria:Agamidae) and its origin.. In:Biodiversity of Pakistan. Eds. Mufti, S.A., Woods, CA. and Hassan, S.A., PakistanMuseum of Natural History, Islamabad, Pakistan and Florida Museum of Natural History,Gainesville, Florida, USA,

Baig, K.J. 1998. The amphibian fauna of Azad Jammmu and Kashmir with new record ofPaa liebigii. Proc. Pakistan

Baig, K.J. and Gvozdik, L., 1998. Upenodon systoma: Record of a new microhylid frogfrom Pakistan. Pakistan]. Zool. 30 (2).:155-156.

Boulenger, G.A. 1890. The Fauna of British India including Ceylon and Burma: Reptiliaand Batrachia, 541 pp. Taylor & Francis, London.

Champion et. al.1965. Forest Types of Pakistan. Pakistan Forest Institute, Peshawar.

EPA, 1997: Guidelines for the Preparation and Review of Environmental Reports.Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency, Govemment of Pakistan.

EPA, 1997: Guidelines for Public Consultation. Pakistan Environmental ProtectionAgency, Govemment of Pakistan, May.

EPA, 1997: Guidelines for Sensitive and Critical Areas. Pakistan EnvironmentalProtection Agency, Government of Pakistan, October.

Grimmett, R., Inskipp C., lnskipp T., 1999: Pocket Guide to the Birds of the IndianSubcontinent. Oxford University Press, Singapore.

GoP ??. Normals of Period 1961 - 1990. Pakistan Meteorological Department,Govemment of Pakistan.

GoP 1999. District Census Report of Rawalpindi (1998). Population CensusOrganization, Statistical Division, Government of Pakistan. June 1999.

GoP 1999. District Census Report of Islamabad (1998). Population CensusOrganization, Statistical Division, Government of Pakistan. March 1999.

12-1 August 2006DRT06V021ES-S1 2

References and Document Support IESCO 6th STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

GoP 1999. District Census Report of Attock (1998). Population Census Organization,Statistical Division, Govemment of Pakistan. January 1999.

GoP 1999. District Census Report of Jhelum (1998). Population Census Organization,Statistical Division, Government of Pakistan. July 1999.

GoP 2000. District Census Report of Chakwal (1998). Population Census Organization,Statistical Division, Govemment of Pakistan. March 2000.

Hussain, S., Gilani, T., Khan, R., Anwar, M., Bokhari, R., 2002: Indus Journal of PlantSciences, Vol 3, Central Cotton Research Institute, Sakrand.

IESCO 2005. Project Description Document for Distribution and Transmission NetworkImprovement Project. Islamabad Electric Supply Company Limited, Islamabad,November 2005.

IESCO 2004. PC1 for 61h Secondary Transmission Lines and Grid Stations (STG).

Islamabad Electric Supply Company Limited, Islamabad, January 2004.

IESCO 2003. PC1 for Distribution Rehabilitation. Islamabad Electric Supply Company

Limited, Islamabad, august 2003.

Khan, M. S. and M. R. Mirza 1976. Annotated Checklist and key to the Reptiles ofPakistan. Part l: Chelonia and Crocodilia. Biologia. Vol. 22, No.2.

Khan, Mohammad Sharif 1993. Snakes of Pakistan. Urdu Science Board, Lahore.

Khan, M.S. 1979. On a collection of amphibians and reptiles from northem Punjab and

Azad Kashmir, with ecological notes. Biologia 25 (1-2):37-50.

Mirza, M. R. 1975. Fresh water fishes and zoogeography of Pakistan. Bijdr. Dierk.(Amsterdam). 45:143-180.

Mirza, M. R. 1990. Fresh water fishes of Pakistan. Urdu Science Board.

Mirza, Z. B. 1998. Illustrated Handbook of Animal Biodiversity of Pakistan. Centre forEnvironmental Research and Conservation. Islamabad.

NEPRA 2005. State of Industry Report 2005. National Electric Regulatory Authority,Islamabad.

Roberts, T.J., 1991: The Birds of Pakistan (Vols. I & II). Oxford University Press,

Karachi. 598 p, 617p.

Roberts, T. J. 1997. The Mammals of Pakistan. Emest Benn Limited, London &Tonbridge.

SPDC 2002. Social Policy and Development Centre, Social Development in Pakistan:Annual Review 2001, SPDC, Karachi 2002.

Survey of Pakistan, 1997. Atlas of Pakistan. Director Map Publication, Survey ofPakistan, Rawalpindi.

World Bank. 2005. OP 4.10 - Indigenous People. The World Bank Operational Manual.

The World Bank. July 2005.

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References and Document Support IESCO 6"h STG and ELR Project (2006-07)ESA Report

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World Bank. 2001. OP 4.12 - Involuntary Resettlement. The World Bank OperationalManual. The World Bank. December 2001.

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World Bank. 1991. Environmental Assessment Sourcebook, Volume l: Policies,Procedures, and Cross-Sectoral Issues. World Bank Technical Paper No. 139.Environment Department, The World Bank.

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World Bank. 1986. OPN 11.03 - Management of Cultural Property in Bank-FinancedProjects. The World Bank Operational Manual. The World Bank. September 1986.

World Bank, UNIDO, and UNEP. 1999. Pollution Prevention and Abatement Handbook:Towards Cleaner Production. Environment Department, The World Bank, UNIDO, UNEP.

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