Public Health Lecture (Intro) April 2014 - 3 Slides Per Page

8/12/2019 Public Health Lecture (Intro) April 2014 - 3 Slides Per Page

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Dr Deborah Gleeson

School of Public Health & HumanBiosciences

[email protected]

A History of Public Health

Public Health Today

Public Health Careers

The Public Health Major

What is Public Health?

Public Health is the organised response by society to

protect and promote health, and to prevent illness,

injury and disability. The starting point for identifying

public health issues, problems and priorities, and for

designing and implementing interventions, is the

population as a whole, or population sub-groups.

Source: National Public Health Partnership (1998), Public Health in Australia: The Public

Health Landscape: person society environment (Melbourne, NPHP)
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]


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History of Public Health

Roman Timeshuman waste disposal

1000BC ChinaImmunisation from Smallpox

14thCentury: Black Death

- burning of cities

Medieval times: Use of

Quarantine

19thCentury

Industrial Revolution: Birth of Public Health

Rapid urbanisation and poverty

Overcrowding

No Sanitation

Explosion of disease

- Governments forced

to take responsibility

for health

Edwin Chadwick (1800- 1890)

Secretary of Poor Law Commission

1842Report on the Sanitary conditions of the LabouringPopulation of Great Britain

Champion of Public Health

Lobbied for reform


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Dr. John Snow (1813-1858)

Birth of Epidemiology

1831- Cholera outbreak in England

1854 - traced a choleraoutbreak to a London pump

- Removed the pump handle

- Dramatic decrease in incidence

Florence Nightingale (1820-1910)

English nurse, writer and

statistician

Nursed wounded soldiers during

the Crimean War

Founded professional nursing

Pioneered improvements to

hygiene

Responsible for dramatically

improved death rates in hospitals

Supported and empowered

mothers

Australian History of Public Health

1854: Victorian Public Health Act

1921: Federal Department of Health

1936: National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) is

established.

1973: Establishment of the Community Health Program

1974: Establishment of Medibank, the tax-funded universal health

insurance scheme (now Medicare)

1987: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW) is established


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20thCentury

Drop in infections disease (Developed Countries)

Focus shift to Chronic Disease

Dramatic increase in lifespan

Males Females

1901-1910 : 55.2 58.8

2006: 78.7 83.5

Life Expectancy Australia: 1900 - 2005

http://www.aihw.gov.au/mortality/life_expectancy/trends.cfm

Recent strides in Public Health

http://vimeo.com/6189677
http://www.aihw.gov.au/mortality/life_expectancy/trends.cfmhttp://www.aihw.gov.au/mortality/life_expectancy/trends.cfm


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Top public health achievements

Vaccination

Infectious disease control

Family planning

Smoke free measures

Chlorination & Fluoridation of drinking water

Safety policies e.g. motor, occupational, food

Programs to decrease Chronic Disease

Life expectancy: Indigenous

Unhealthiest subpopulation in Australia- Much lower than the general

population.

Approximately 16-17 years less (ABS 2007).

Higher incidence of:

- Ear and Eye problems

- Diabetes

- Heart Disease

- Kidney Disease

- Cancer

- Injury

- Asthma- Alcoholism

21stCentury

Shift towards Population Health

Social Determinants of Health recognised

Equitable improvement of health

Chronic Disease

Globalisation


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Ongoing Public Health challenges

Emerging Infectious Diseases e.g. Avian Flu

HIV/AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Disease

Increasing Obesity, Type 2 Diabetes

Natural Disasters e.g. Earthquakes, Hurricanes, Tsunamis

Global spread of Disease

Chronic Disease

Inequalities in health

Burden of Disease, Australia, 2003

Australias preventable disease burden


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Why choose a career in Public Health?

Lots of jobs

Exciting and growing field

Diverse opportunities

You get to save the world!

What can you do in public health?

YOU CAN help improve the health and well being of people in your local

community, state, or country.

YOU CAN help others follow a healthy lifestyle, or help change the social

determinants of health.

YOU CAN work to prevent health problems before they occur.

YOU CAN find true job satisfaction knowing that you are making a

difference.

How?

BY creating educational campaigns that encourage

healthy eating to prevent cancer, wearing bike helmets for

greater safety, or exercising to prevent heart disease.

BY developing policies for your city, state, or country that

help improve access to health services.

BY using computers to track and analyse disease

outbreaks, disability, or injury trends among communities

and populations.


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Public Health Employers

Community Health Centres (Health Promotion Officer)

Local and Federal Government (Policy Officer)

NGOs and charities (Cancer Council, Beyond Blue,Diabetes Australia)

Religious Centres (Community engagement officer)

Hospitals (Smoking Cessation Officer)

Research and teaching

institutions (La Trobe)

Anywhere you find a population!

Public Health Graduates: Where are they now?

http://www.thisispublichealth.org/toolkit/video.htm

La Trobe Public Health Graduates

Where are they now?

Workforce

Further study: Honours and Postgraduate studies in:

- Occupational Therapy

- Social Work

- Human Nutrition

- Education

- Midwifery

- Nursing

- Counselling

- Orthoptics
http://www.thisispublichealth.org/toolkit/video.htmhttp://www.thisispublichealth.org/toolkit/video.htm


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Former La Trobe Students: where are they now?

Community Information Officer - Melbourne Health

Educator Family Planning

Website content coordinator, Go for Life Project, Dept of Health

Children's Pastor, Northside Christian Church

Associate Lecturer at La Trobe

Rural Health Workforce Aust.

Project Officer

Health Promotion Officer

Rehab Coordinator - AFL clubs

WA Health Dept, Senior Program OfficerData manipulation & analysis.Policy development; project management

Senior researcher in the Parliamentary library

Policy Officer _ Dept of Health & Ageing (DoHA).

Information Officer BreastScreen (Eastern Health)

Kids Life & Active Workplaces Coordinator

Health & Well-being Project Officer for Go for Life Project

Coordinator of comfort zone Asperger youth group.

Public Health Academics at La Trobe: Professor

Vivian LinExpertise:

Health policy, health systems development, health promotion &complementary healthcare

Current research:

Evidence-based health policy, capacity assessment tools for public health,

health promotion, health policy.

Professional leadership:

Vice President for Scientific Affairs of International Union of Health Promotion

and Education

President of the Chinese Medicine Registration Board

Convenor of the Australian National Network of Academic Public Health

Institutions

Consults for World Bank, the UK Department for International Development

and the World Health Organization.


Sandy Leggat

Expertise:

People and performance in health care (e.g. clinicalleadership, process improvements in health care

services)

Current research:

People and performance in health care


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Simon Barraclough

Expertise:

Political economy of health systems in developing

countries, international investment in health services,health industry exports, & international health relations

Current research:

Tobacco control policies in developing countries,

particularly in Southeast Asia


Second year units

Health Education Development

Principles of Public Health Practice

Environmental Health Issues

Community Health Promotion

Applied Health Research

Living with a Chronic Illness

Integrating Evidence into Practice

One Elective

Volunteer

Second year volunteering opportunities

Plenty Valley Community Health

Austin Hospital

Diabetes Victoria


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Third year units

Health Promotion Planning

and Evaluation

Epidemiology

Health Care Systems

Global Health Initiatives

Participatory Field Placement

Law and Management for Health

Two Electives

The Public Health Major: Electives

Fertility, Reproductive Technology and Society

Communication Processes in Health Care

Organisational Psychology of Health Services

Psychosocial Perspectives of Health and Illness

Introduction to Health Information Systems

Drugs in Sport

Drugs in Use

Reproductive and Sexual Health

Introduction to Gerontology

Sports and Exercise Psychology

Death Dying and Grief

Drug Use and Addictive Behaviour

Health Informatics for Clinical Practice

Illness and Spirituality

Living with Disability in Australia

Participatory Field Placement

80-120 hours working in the field

Former placements areas

Mental Health

Sports and Recreation/ Physical Activity

Sexual Health

Men's/ Women's Health

Heart Health

Cystic Fibrosis

Child Health

Indigenous Health

Nutrition

Food and income


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Former placement sites

Schools

Victorian Cooperative on Childrens Services for Ethnic Groups (VICSEG)

NEAMI Ltd- North Eastern Alliance for the Mentally Ill

Neighbourhood Renewal project

The Chinese Health Foundation of Australia

YEAH- Youth Empowerment Against HIV/AIDS

Centre of Community Child Health

City councils

Community Health Centres

GP Association of Geelong

Sport and Recreation Victoria

Heart Foundation

Melbourne Airport

Hospitals

Department of Health

Skills and tasks you can practice on placement

Written and communication skills: writing reports,

presentations.

Research: write, distribute and analyse surveys

Run health promoting programs

Conduct literature reviews

Write a newsletter

Run a workshop

Evaluate programs

Apply for funding

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Online activities

La Trobe University

Explore resources in LMS site (1 mark)

2014-BHS_MENTOR BHS Profession Mentoring (2014)

Must be completed by 25 March to earn 1 mark

Will be assessed by login records in LMS

Three online activities in PebblePad (3 marks each)

Physiology & anatomy: Due 29 April (3 marks)

Public health: Due 13 May (3 marks)

Rehab counselling: Due 27 May (3 marks)

For each online activity, you will complete a short online

reflection and design and upload a brochure/videoclip

about the major (approx 150 words/1 minute) suitable for

high school students.


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Online assessment tasks

La Trobe University

Three online activities in PebblePad (3 marks each)

Physiology & anatomy: Due 29 April (3 marks)

Public health: Due 13 May (3 marks)

Rehab counselling: Due 27 May (3 marks)

For each online activity:

Option A: brochure150 words, no more than 2

pages

Option B: videoclipapprox 1 minute in length

Thank you

Questions?

Documents

Public Health Lecture (Intro) April 2014 - 3 Slides Per Page