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Pumps in Parallel or Serial ConnectionFor pumps in serial - add head, for pumps in parallel - add flowrates
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Pumps can be arranged in serial or parallel to provide an additional head or flow rate capacity.
Pumps in Serial - Head AddedWhen two (or more) pumps are arranged in serial their resulting pump performance curve is obtained by adding their heads at the same flow rate asindicated in the figure below.
Centrifugal pumps in series are used to overcome larger system head loss than one pump can handle alone.
for two identical pumps in series the head will be twice the head of a single pump at the same flow rate - as indicated in point 2.
With a constant flowrate the combined head moves from 1 to 2.
Note! In practice the combined head and flow rate moves along the system curve to point 3.
point 3 is where the system operates with both pumps running point 1 is where the system operates with one pump running
Series operation of single stage pumps is seldom encountered - more often multistage centrifugal pumps are used.
Pumps in Parallel - Flow Rate AddedWhen two or more pumps are arranged in parallel their resulting performance curve is obtained by adding their flowrates at the same head asindicated in the figure below.
Centrifugal pumps in parallel are used to overcome larger volume flows than one pump can handle alone.
for two identical pumps in parallel, and the head is kept constant, the flowrate doubles as indicated with point 2 compared to a single pump
Note! In practice the combined head and volume flow moves along the system curve as indicated from 1 to 3.
point 3 is where the system operates with both pumps running point 1 is where the system operates with one pump running
In practice, if one of the pumps in parallel or series stops, the operation point moves along the system resistance curve from point 3 to point 1 - thehead and flow rate are decreased.
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