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Queensland Government Enterprise Architecture
Target state architectureDigital and ICT strategic planning framework
Final
October 2018
v1.0.0
OFFICIAL - Public
QGEA OFFICIAL - Public Target state architecture
Document details
Security classification OFFICIAL - Public
Date of review of security classification
October 2018
Authority Queensland Government Chief Information Officer
Author Queensland Government Chief Information Office
Documentation status Working draft Consultation release Final version
Contact for enquiries and proposed changesAll enquiries regarding this document should be directed in the first instance to:
Queensland Government Chief Information [email protected]
AcknowledgementsThis version of the Digital and ICT strategic planning framework was developed and updated by Queensland Government Chief Information Office.
Feedback was also received from a number of agencies, which was greatly appreciated.
CopyrightDigital and ICT strategic planning framework
© The State of Queensland (Queensland Government Chief Information Office) 2018
Licence
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence. To view the terms of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. For permissions beyond the scope of this licence, contact [email protected].
To attribute this material, cite the Queensland Government Chief Information Office.
The licence does not apply to any branding or images.
Information securityThis document has been security classified using the Queensland Government Information Security Classification Framework (QGISCF) as OFFICAL - Public and will be managed according to the requirements of the QGISCF.
Final | v1.0.0 | October 2018 Page OFFICIAL - Public
QGEA OFFICIAL - Public Target state architecture
PurposeThis guideline describes, at a general level, the activities required to develop a target state architecture. It includes the steps necessary to articulate a future state design or architecture vision, based on digital or ICT strategy document, including a service and business process architecture, information architecture, application architecture and technology architecture.
Other frameworks such as The Open Group Architecture Framework (TOGAF), provide greater detail on how to develop an overarching Architecture Vision and target state architecture. Agencies may also have their own enterprise architecture framework.
AudienceA practitioner in the context of this guideline can include one or more of the following roles:
Enterprise architects Digital or ICT strategic planners Information managers.
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The target state architecture describes how the new digital and technology capability will meet the business vision for the delivery of services and its strategic objectives.
A link to The Open Group Architecture Framework is provided in the Resources section of this guideline.
QGEA OFFICIAL - Public Target state architecture
Target state architecture
The development of a target state architecture should be led by an enterprise architect operating as part of an integrated planning team.
Some of the key elements of the target state architecture including the vision, objectives and strategies should have already been documented as part of the digital or ICT planning activity.
The practitioner will need to review all the outputs from the previous modules of the planning activity including the Discover and Vision workstream activities to properly understand both the current state, emerging trends in business and technology as well as the desired vision for digital or ICT enablement.
The target state architecture should be defined across all layers of an enterprise architecture including business (services and processes), information, applications and underpinning technology assets/services.
Business architectureAt the business layer, TOGAF recommends the use of modelling techniques to convey the interactions between people and information participating in the conduct of services and processes. The type of modelling employed by the practitioner will be dependent on the level of detail to be provided in the target architecture. For example, business process models are likely to be too detailed at this stage and therefore techniques that provide more of a conceptual or logical understanding of the overall business context are more appropriate. These may include modelling techniques that use domain names from the business enterprise architecture classification models used across the agency. Industry architectures and patterns may also be useful.
Business scenarios can also be used as part of the architecture vision and target state architecture. Business scenarios can be used to better identify and understand business needs the architecture must address.
According to TOGAF, a business scenario describes: a business process, application, or set of applications that can be enabled by the
architecture the business and technology environment the people and computing components (called ‘actors’) who execute the scenario the desired outcome of proper execution.
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The development of a target state architecture should be led by an Enterprise Architect operating as part of an integrated planning team
QGEA OFFICIAL - Public Target state architecture
A good business scenario is representative of a significant business need or problem, and enables stakeholders to understand the value to the customer and the agency of a solution. Where possible the business scenario should be linked to business outcomes and benefits identified in the strategic planning documents of the agency including the digital or ICT strategy or plan documents.
Some of the information required to construct business scenarios may already be available from the Vision planning activities, particularly in circumstances where customer journey mapping and service blueprints have been used to assist to develop the service vision.
A value chain diagram or business context diagram may also be suitable for describing the business target architecture for planning purposes.
Information architectureThe scope of level of detail at which the target state information architecture is modelled will depend on the scope of the planning engagement. If the of the planning engagement is agency wide, it may only be possible to describe a conceptual model for the information elements. This may include domains from the enterprise architecture classification frameworks to describe the future information requirements, highlighting the information elements that will be leveraged or changed as well as the information elements that are new.
If the planning engagement relates to specific architecture domains it may be more relevant to use logical information models such as entity relationship diagrams. This will provide a greater level of detail providing opportunities to describe the interactions between stakeholders as well as the information elements required.
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A link to the TOGAF guideline regarding the development of business scenarios is provided in the Resources section of this guideline.
A short factsheet that provides and example of value chain analysis and business context diagrams is provided in the Resources section of this guideline
QGEA OFFICIAL - Public Target state architecture
Application and technology architectureAt the application and technology layers, the practitioner should demonstrate both the current and future application and technology components or services that are required to deliver on the digital or ICT strategic direction and vision. Industry architectures and patterns are also useful in the application and technology layers including the use of domain modelling techniques that leverage the enterprise architecture classification frameworks used across the agency.
As part of the target state architecture, it may be useful to make the distinction between the application and technology components that are foundational, optimised or transformational. This will provide greater understanding of those components that are essential to realising the longer-term vision and will represent significant dependencies in related roadmaps and plans. It will also demonstrate the level of technology capability that already exists in the organisation that can be further leveraged to provide greater, agency wide value.
Next stepsThe target state architecture is iterative and it may take several rounds of consultation with stakeholders before the document can be finalised.
It may also be useful to prepare a presentation outlining the significant elements of the architecture vision and target state architecture. The presentation should be aimed at promoting understanding across the business of how the digital and technology capability proposed will deliver on the business objectives, outcomes and benefits as well as the vision for the delivery of services.
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Sample target state information architectures are provided in the Resources section of this guideline.
Sample target state architectures are provided in the Resources section of this guideline.
QGEA OFFICIAL - Public Target state architecture
The architecture vision or target state architecture may be subject to approval from the planning sponsor as well as the agency’s Architecture Standards Board or equivalent.
Once the target state architecture has been approved a gap analysis between the current state and future state architecture can be conducted.
Resources
Resource Link
The Open Group Architecture Framework
Link - The Open Group Architecture Framework (TOGAF)
Developing business scenarios
Link - Business scenarios and business goals
Sample information architecture models
Nil
Sample application and technology architecture models
Nil
Factsheet value chain analysis and business context diagrams
Nil
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Not all business representatives and executive management will understand architecture documents. It is therefore recommended that practitioners seek the assistance of marekting and communications specialists within the agency to conduct an editorial review and assist with the overall presentation of architecture documents..
Refer to the following guideline Strategy: Gap analysis for more informaiton.
