Purpose:Purpose: To get to To get to know your classmates, know your classmates, to wake up the to wake up the scientific part of your scientific part of your brain & to get an brain & to get an overview of the year!overview of the year!

AgendaAgenda

1.1. Please find a seat where Please find a seat where you can be you can be successful.successful.

2.2. IntroductionsIntroductions3.3. Student surveyStudent survey4.4. Procedures & expectationsProcedures & expectations5.5. Collect summer workCollect summer work6.6. Safety, deadlines & feeSafety, deadlines & fee7.7. Which ch. were hard?Which ch. were hard?8.8. CompostCompost9.9. FortunesFortunes

8.31.10

Welcome to AP Bio with Ms. Stephens!

Fortune Telling FishFortune Telling Fish

Play around with the fish and obtain your Play around with the fish and obtain your fortune!fortune!

What’s going on with the fortune telling What’s going on with the fortune telling fish? fish?

What would your hypothesis?What would your hypothesis? How would you test your hypothesis? How would you test your hypothesis?

Purpose:Purpose: To get to To get to know your classmates, know your classmates, to wake up the to wake up the scientific part of your scientific part of your brain & to get an brain & to get an overview of the year!overview of the year!

AgendaAgenda1.1. Please pick up your Please pick up your

assignment from the front assignment from the front table.table.

2.2. Warm upWarm up3.3. Reviewing Ch. 50-55 Reviewing Ch. 50-55

difficult topics- add to your difficult topics- add to your notes or take separate notes or take separate sheet sheet

4.4. Practice AP questionPractice AP question5.5. ReceiptsReceipts6.6. Review packetReview packet

9.2.10

Welcome to AP Bio with Ms. Stephens!

Warm up: 9/2/10 Warm up: 9/2/10

Rank these from smallest to largest and Rank these from smallest to largest and be able to define them & recognize them be able to define them & recognize them on a MC test:on a MC test:

Ecosystem, community, cell, population,Ecosystem, community, cell, population,

organelle, organism, molecule, atom, organelle, organism, molecule, atom, biosphere, biome, tissue, organ system,biosphere, biome, tissue, organ system,

Subatomic particles, organ. Subatomic particles, organ.

Chapter 50 Chapter 50

Chapter 51, per. 1Chapter 51, per. 1

Cognitive map- the spatial part of an Cognitive map- the spatial part of an animal’s brain is able to neurologically animal’s brain is able to neurologically map out a physical place- difficult to map out a physical place- difficult to distinguish from magnetic field navigation distinguish from magnetic field navigation or use of some other stimuli to navigateor use of some other stimuli to navigate

Conditioning- an animal learns that a Conditioning- an animal learns that a certain stimulus is positive or negative and certain stimulus is positive or negative and repeats or avoids the behaviorrepeats or avoids the behavior

What is the waggle dance?What is the waggle dance?

Ch. 51 Waggle DanceCh. 51 Waggle Dance

http://www.youtube.com/watch?http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nga4Z_HRUsU&NR=1v=nga4Z_HRUsU&NR=1

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-7ijI-http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-7ijI-g4jHg&feature=relatedg4jHg&feature=related

http://www.newscientist.com/video?http://www.newscientist.com/video?bcpid=25196461001&bclid=1904732932&bcpid=25196461001&bclid=1904732932&bctid=66949987001bctid=66949987001

Chapter 52Chapter 52

Carrying CapacityCarrying Capacity

r & Kr & K

Exponential vs. Logistic growthExponential vs. Logistic growth

dN dN = rN or r= rN or rmaxmaxNN

dtdt This is the maximum pop. growth rate- This is the maximum pop. growth rate-

does not include limiting resources.does not include limiting resources. dN dN = r= rmaxmaxN N (K-N)(K-N)

dt Kdt K This is logistic growth and includes limiting This is logistic growth and includes limiting

factors- food, territory, crowding, drought, factors- food, territory, crowding, drought, etc. etc.

r vs. K is really a continuum, but is r vs. K is really a continuum, but is associated with life history traitsassociated with life history traits

r- selectedr- selected K-selectedK-selected

Body SizeBody Size

Life SpanLife Span

# Offspring# Offspring

Time to reprod.Time to reprod.

Type of Type of survivorshipsurvivorship

Growth curveGrowth curve

Type of env.Type of env.

r vs. K is really a continuum, but is r vs. K is really a continuum, but is associated with life history traitsassociated with life history traits

r- selectedr- selected K-selectedK-selected

Body SizeBody Size SmallSmall LargeLarge

Life SpanLife Span ShortShort LongLong

# Offspring# Offspring MANYMANY fewfew

Time to reprod.Time to reprod. shortshort Long timeLong time

Type of Type of survivorshipsurvivorship

IIIIII II

Growth curveGrowth curve ExponentialExponential LogisticLogistic

Type of env.Type of env. Early Early successionsuccession

Late successionLate succession

Allee EffectAllee Effect

A critical threshold of # of individuals A critical threshold of # of individuals below which a population is unlikely to below which a population is unlikely to recover. recover.

Often as a rule of thumb, it is 100 or 30, Often as a rule of thumb, it is 100 or 30, but it depends on the species.but it depends on the species.

Possibly #’s too low to find each other, or Possibly #’s too low to find each other, or plants that need to be buffered from wind- plants that need to be buffered from wind- not enough plants to buffer… etc. not enough plants to buffer… etc.

Ch. 53Ch. 53

IntraspecificIntraspecific InterspecificInterspecific

Island Equilibrium ModelIsland Equilibrium Model

Models habitat patches that are a distance Models habitat patches that are a distance from bigger land areas that are less from bigger land areas that are less patchy.patchy.

Variables: Rates of immigration or Variables: Rates of immigration or extinction, distance from “mainland,” size extinction, distance from “mainland,” size of the islandof the island

Island Island EquilibriumEquilibriumModelModel

54 Cycles54 Cycles

Generalized Generalized scheme for scheme for biogeochemicbiogeochemical cyclesal cycles

The Carbon Cycle

The Nitrogen Cycle

The Water Cycle

**EVAPOTRANSPIRATIO

N**

The Phosphorus Cycle

What’s a latitudinal gradient?What’s a latitudinal gradient?

As you go from equator to poles spp. As you go from equator to poles spp. diversity decreases.diversity decreases.

Exceptions: freshwater invertebrates, Exceptions: freshwater invertebrates, phytoplankton, parasitoids are exceptionsphytoplankton, parasitoids are exceptions

High

Low

Low

Edges & CorridorsEdges & Corridors Some species really need to move. Name a Some species really need to move. Name a

few…few… cougars/ mountain lions/ grizzliescougars/ mountain lions/ grizzlies Some do not like edges and cannot use edges Some do not like edges and cannot use edges

of habitatof habitat Edges tend to be less suitable and you see less Edges tend to be less suitable and you see less

species there or more r-spp. species there or more r-spp. If we leave suitably wide corridors, those spp. If we leave suitably wide corridors, those spp.

that don’t deal with edges well, we might be able that don’t deal with edges well, we might be able to get them to use the habitat- habitat quality to get them to use the habitat- habitat quality and width are key. Everglades & panthers!and width are key. Everglades & panthers!

Ch. 55Ch. 55 MVPMVP- minimum viable population- the - minimum viable population- the

lowest # of individuals that a population of lowest # of individuals that a population of a spp. can endure. Generated using a a spp. can endure. Generated using a model often taking probability of model often taking probability of catastrophic events into consideration.catastrophic events into consideration.

PVAPVA- pop. Viability analysis- what is the - pop. Viability analysis- what is the probability (0 to 1) that a pop. survives 100 probability (0 to 1) that a pop. survives 100 years? Allows biologists to evaluate years? Allows biologists to evaluate different management strategies. different management strategies.

Ch. 55Ch. 55

Biophilia= love and Biology! Humans have Biophilia= love and Biology! Humans have an attachment to& appreciation of nature an attachment to& appreciation of nature and the diversity of life.and the diversity of life.