PVC & CPVC - vyt.com.mx · PVC & CPVC Machining Shapes Harvel’s state-of-the-art extrusion process provides porosity-free, stressed-reduced products with optimum physical properties

®

PVC & CPVCMachining Shapes

HPB-111Effective 10/30/02Revised 02/15/09

www.vyt.com.mx, Email [email protected]

®PVC & CPVCMachining Shapes

Harvel’s state-of-the-art extrusion processprovides porosity-free, stressed-reduced productswith optimum physical properties and exactingtolerances, products that consistently machine withease, part after part. Innovation and the latesttechnical know-how, combined with processingexperience since 1964, enable Harvel to producequality stock machining shapes from 1/8" through12" diameters. Available products include solid bar,hollow bar, square, rectangular, hexagonal bar,angle and joining strip.

Harvel’s “Quality Line” of PVC and CPVCmachining shapes provide cost-effective solutionsfor numerous industrial applications. These materialsoffer excellent chemical and corrosion resistance,mechanical strength, and good thermal and electricalproperties. They are noncontaminating for purityapplications, and have excellent flammabilitycharacteristics.

SUPERIOR QUALITY

An endless variety of finished parts and subcomponentscan be readily produced using conventional machining methodssuch as cutting, boring, drilling, turning and threading. Thisprovides a means to produce many custom assemblies andfixtures that are not available as extruded or molded items.Machined components and fixtures can then be incorporated into large assemblies or existing systemsusing standard solvent cementing, heat forming/ bending, or hot-air welding techniques, providing material consistency and integration for an entire system.

Typical products produced from extruded shapesinclude valve bodies and components, strainers, filters,pressure vessels, bulkhead fittings, pump components,bushings, compression fittings, flanges, hangers, headers, hooks, adapters, spacers, caps, sleeves, plugs, stiffeners, hubs, nuts, bolts, rollers, and numerous other mechanicalcomponents and appurtenances.

APPLICATIONS

Machined valves courtesyRK Industries, Ontario, CA

2www.vyt.com.mx, Email [email protected]

Harvel uses only the finest raw materials, which have beencarefully evaluated to ensure consistency in the finished item.Harvel PVC material (white or gray) and Harvel Clear PVCmaterials are listed by NSF International to Standard 61 as beingsafe for use in potable water applications.

Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)Various shapes produced from PVC provide excellent

machining and fabrication characteristics for components usedin corrosive environments. The use of this material can providea cost savings advantage with well-balanced physical propertiesfor many applications. Harvels’ standard PVC machining shapesare dark gray in color, signifying industrial grade product. PVCshapes are suitable for a maximum service temperature use of140°F. PVC white is also inventoried, and a variety of customcolors are available upon request for specialty projects.

Clear PVCMany unique and specialty items can be machined from

Harvels’ line of transparent PVC shapes. Harvel Clear PVC shapesprovide the reliable chemical resistance of standard PVC, andare also fully compatible with standard PVC products with regardto machining characteristics, solvent cementing and other joiningmethods. In addition to exhibiting desirable physical propertiesand optimum transparency, this material complies with theprovisions of Title 21 of the FDA Code of Federal Regulations asbeing safe for use in food-contact applications.

Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride (CPVC)CPVC provides advantages in elevated temperature

environments due to its high heat-distortion temperature. Thisenables the fabrication of end items or parts for use in applicationswith service temperatures up to 200°F. Harvel CPVC productsalso have exceptional fire resistance properties providing endproducts with low flame spread and smoke generationcharacteristics. This ensures consistency and compatibility ofHarvel shapes with other end products produced from CPVCcompounds such as pipe, duct, fittings and sheet. Standardindustrial grade CPVC shapes are light gray in color.

Various configurations of machining and joining shapesproduced from specialty Corzan® 4910 CPVC are also available.Harvel Corzan® 4910 shapes offer exceptional fire performancecharacteristics, and can be used in the joining of duct, sheet and other components for use in the construction of wet

benches and other units used in clean room work- stations. Harvel Corzan® 4910 products are off-white in color signifying cleanliness. Contact factory for availability.

MATERIALS

3

Harvel PVCProperty Value Test Method

Max. Service Temp. 140°F

Cell Classification 12454 ASTM D1784

Specific Gravity 1.38 ± 2g/cu.cm @73°F ASTM D792

Tensile Strength @ yield 7,300 psi @ 73°F ASTM D638

Modulus of Elasticity 410,000 psi @ 73°F ASTM D638

Flexural Modulus 420,000 psi @ 73°F ASTM D790

Izod Impact 0.8 ft-lbs / inch ASTM D256notch @ 73°F

Coefficient of Linear 2.9 x 10-5 in / in / °F ASTM D696Expansion

Flammability V–O UL–94

Hardness, Shore D 80 ± 3 ASTM D2240

Harvel Clear PVCProperty Value Test Method



Specific Gravity 1.33 g/cu.cm @73°F ASTM D792

Izod ImpactNotched – Method A, With 8.0 ft-lbs./in.Grain-Comp. Molded, 0.125in. bars, 73°F ASTM D256

Notched – Method A, Against 2.0 ft-lbs./in.Grain-Comp. Molded, 0.125in. bars, 73°F

Tensile Strength @ yield 7260 psi @73°F ASTM D638

Tensile Modulus 392,000 psi ASTM D638

Flexural Strength 12,000 @75°F ASTM D790

Flexural Modulus 398,000 @75°F ASTM D790

Compressive Strength 8,300 @75°F ASTM D695

Compressive Modulus 307,000 @75°F ASTM D695

Coefficient of Linear 4.1 x 10-5 in/in °F ASTM D696Expansion

Flammability V–O UL–94

Heat Distortion Temperature 154°F ASTM D256

Glass Transition Temperature 176°F

Hardness, Shore D 84 ASTM D2240

Harvel CPVC



Specific Gravity 1.55 ± 2g/cu.cm @73°F ASTM D792

Tensile Strength @ yield 8,100 psi @ 73°F ASTM D638

Modulus of Elasticity 370,000 psi @ 73°F ASTM D638

Flexural Modulus 350,000 psi @ 73°F ASTM D790

Izod Impact 1.5 ft-lbs / inch ASTM D256notch @ 73°F

Coefficient of Linear 3.4 x 10-5 in / in / °F ASTM D696Expansion

Flammability V–O, 5VB, 5VA UL–94

Hardness, Rockwell 119 ASTM D2240

Property Value Test Method


Every aspect of the process, from raw material traceabilitythrough online testing, is continually monitored, and finalizedwith formal quality-control testing of finished product. Rigorousin-house TQM/SPC requirements and tough self-taught standardsensure consistency in product quality from start to finish. Keyprocessing techniques that contribute to final product propertiesare carefully balanced during production to provide optimumquality.

In addition to maintaining tight dimensional tolerances,emphasis is placed on processing conditions that effect endproduct properties, performance, and overall quality. Focusingon and balancing the following quality requirements maximizeproduct performance.

Degree of Fusion – Proper fusion of materials during themanufacturing process optimizes physical properties such astensile strength, tensile modulus, flexural strength, impactresistance and other important properties that contribute to endproduct quality.

In addition, end-product performance in aggressiveenvironments is dependent on the compatibility of the materialselected with chemicals used during service. The degree offusion and consistency of the melt during the manufacturingprocess greatly affects chemical compatibility. Product that isnot properly fused during the extrusion process can result insubstandard components with poor chemical resistance. Thisissue is addressed at Harvel with online and formal Q.C. teststo measure the degree of fusion throughout the entire productprofile.

Porosity – Porosity and material contamination issues cancreate costly scrap and downtime when working with machinestock. Harvel uses only the finest raw materials and narrow,well-defined processing conditions for each type of productmanufactured. This greatly reduces risks associated with materialcontamination related to substandard compound, and porositycaused by poor processing techniques.

Dimensional Stability – Harvel has painstakingly developedmethods without secondary annealing processes to reduce andmonitor internal stress levels, addressing the dimensional stabilitycharacteristics of finished product when subjected to machiningprocedures. Residual stresses are inherent in all extruded profilesdue to the nature of the extrusion process. The amount of inherentstress will affect the product’s long-term stability, toughness, andmachining characteristics. Stress created by the manufacturingprocess of Harvel profiles is minimized to ensure consistent machinestock with excellent dimensional stability.

Low inherent stress levels reduce the potential for fatigue andstress fracturing when products are subjected to heat cycling andvarious other physical demands caused by machining. Optimalproduct quality is achieved by producing machining shapes thatcan consistently withstand the vigorous demands and intricaciesof complicated machining practices.

Camber and Bow – In addition to maintaining exactingtolerances on outside diameters, care is taken to ensure straightnessof Harvel extruded products. Keeping close tolerances on camberand bow is second nature on all Harvel products. This enablessuccessful machining of specialty products where overall lengthof a finished part is critical.

Traceability – Each finished product produced by Harvelis stamped and identified for tracking purposes. Carefulhandling, packaging and storage ensure quality is maintainedfrom door to door.

More than 35 years of processing experiencehas enabled Harvel to refine the art of extrudingmachining shapes into an exacting science.This experience has made it possible to customizededicated production equipment, addressingspecific extrusion requirements.

INDUSTRY STANDARD

PVC Solid Rod Internal Stress Comparison

Brand BBrand A Harvel

INH

EREN

T ST

RES

S

Laboratory tests show HarvelPVC solid rod outperformsother brands with significantlylower inherent stress levels.


Harvel’s quality line of solid bar provides optimum machine stock for everythingfrom thumbscrews to valve components and other items requiring complicatedmachining techniques.

PRODUCT AVAILABILITYHarvel offers quality-machining shapes in a wide

variety of sizes and configurations to suit most applicationrequirements. The following charts refer to standardstocking items. Other specialty materials such as staticdissipative PVC, custom colors, additional sizes andspecial lengths are available upon request. Contact factoryfor details.

Substituting hollow bar for solid roundcan result in considerable savings whereparts are bored. Only an internal finish cutis required, as close tolerances on ODdimensions are maintained.

Hollow Bar

Camber (straightness) tolerances shown apply as follows: 1/2" thru 2" diameterrod per 10 ft length; 2 1/8" thru 10" diameter rod per 5 ft length; 11" thru 12"diameter rod per 2 ft length.

Solid Round Bar

Note: Centerless ground PVC & CPVC solid bar available 1/4" thru 2 1/2" diameters. OD tolerance on all centerless ground bar ± .003".

OD dimension shown is minmum. ID dimensionshown is maximum. 1.625" x .562" thru 5" x 3"stocked in 10 ft lengths ± 1". 5.563" x 4.000" thru8.625" x 5.750" stocked in 5 ft lengths ± 1".

1/4" thru 2" stocked in 10 ft lengths; 2 1/8" thru 5 1/2" stocked in 5 ft and 10 ft lengths; 6" thru 10" stocked in5 ft lengths; 11" and 12" stocked in 1 ft and 2 ft lengths. Tolerance on lengths = ±1".

1.6251.9001.9002.000

2.1252.2502.2502.375

2.5002.5002.6252.750

2.8753.0003.0003.000

3.0003.2503.5003.563

4.0004.0004.2504.250

4.5004.7505.0005.563

6.0006.0006.6256.6258.625

O.D.Minimum

(in.)

I.D.Maximum

(in.)

Material (Weight Lbs./ft.)

PVC CPVC

0.5620.5620.9061.250

0.7501.1251.5001.000

1.0001.5001.5001.000

1.5001.0001.2501.500

2.0001.2501.5001.500

2.5003.0001.7503.000

2.0003.0003.0004.000

2.4374.0002.8754.0005.750

1.1541.6471.4101.285

2.0102.0251.6252.393

2.6802.2092.5113.299

–3.9763.7703.375

2.7984.5065.0375.245

5.1533.8457.4524.948

8.0997.0698.2177.954

15.20011.19018.03014.91021.400

1.288 – – –

2.2432.260

–2.671

– –

2.8023.682

3.525 –

4.207 –

– – –

5.853

5.751 –

8.316 –

– 7.8899.170

–

– – 20.12116.640

–

5

Size (in.) O.D.

Camber& Bow

Tol.-0; +

Material (Weight Lbs./ft.)GrayPVC

WhitePVC CPVC Clear

BlackPVC

1/4 3/8 1/2 5/8 3/4 7/8 1 1-1/8 1-1/4 1-3/8 1-1/2 1-5/8 1-3/4 1-7/8 2 2-1/8 2-1/4 2-3/8 2-1/2 2-3/4 3 3-1/4 3-1/2 4 4-1/2 5 5-1/2 6 7 8 9101112

.250

.375

.500

.625

.750

.8751.0001.1251.2501.3751.5001.6251.7501.8752.0002.1252.2502.3752.5002.7503.0003.2503.5004.0004.5005.0005.5006.0007.0008.0009.000

10.00011.00012.000

.008

.015

.015

.020

.022

.025

.030

.035

.035

.040

.040

.045

.050

.055

.060

.060

.068

.071

.075

.080

.090

.100

.105

.120

.135

.150

.165

.180

.210

.240

.270

.300

.330

.360

N/A N/A1-1/21-1/21-1/21-1/21-1/21-1/41-1/41-1/41-1/41-1/4111 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/4 1/4 1/4 1/4 1/4 1/4 1/4 1/4 1/8 1/8 1/8 1/8 1/16 1/16

.029

.066.117.183.265.358.471.594.736.891

1.0601.2441.4401.6571.8902.1282.3842.6582.9503.5604.2404.9755.7707.5509.555

11.70014.30017.10024.01031.36039.69049.00059.29074.000

.029

.066.117.183.265.358.471.594

.736 .891 1.060 1.2441.440

1.657 1.890 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

.032

.074

.131 –

.296 –

.526 – .821

.9941.183

–1.618

–2.109

– – –

3.375 –

4.595 –

6.4398.460

–13.950 –20.395 – – – – – –

.029

.066.117.183.265.358.471

– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

.029

.066.117.183.265.358.471.594.736.891

1.0601.2441.440

1.657 1.890

– – – – – – – –

– – – – – – – – – –


Angle

All sizes stocked in 10 ft lengths ± 1".

1" x 1" x 1/8"1-1/4" x 1-1/4" x 3/16"1-1/2" x 1-1/2" x 3/16"1-1/2" x 1-1/2" x 1/4"2" x 2" x 1/4"

Size(in.)

Material (Weight Lbs./ft.)GrayPVC CPVC

.141

.262

.316

.415

.563

ClearWhitePVC

.141

.262

.316 –.563

.141

.262

.316

.415

.563

.180

.325

.395 –.645

Additional quality profiles include Hex, Square,and Rectagonal shapes for use in component fabrication.Items such as nuts, bolts, washers and spacers can bereadily machined from these items to provide durablecorrosion-resistant components. Emphasis is placed onproviding extrusions with minimal sink and smoothsurfaces for dimensional consistency and easy reproductionof machined components.

ADDITIONAL PROFILES

Square Bar

1/2" thru 1" stocked in 10 ft lengths ± 1".1 1/4" thru 2" stocked in 8 ft lengths ± 1".

1/2 5/8 3/4 1

1-1/4 1-1/2 2

±.030±.030±.030±.030

±.0625±.0625

+.075 - .020

.157

.238

.360

.629

1.0331.4642.452

––––

–––

––––

–––

Hexagonal Bar


7/16 1/2 9/16 5/8

3/4 13/16 7/8 1

1-1/8 1-1/4 1-3/8 1-1/2

1-3/4 2

Size(in.)

Tol. AcrossFlats (in.)

Material (Weight Lbs./ft.)GrayPVC CPVC

±.030±.030±.030±.030

±.030±.030±.030±.030

±.030+.0625 - 0+.0625 - 0+.0625 - 0

+.0625 - 0+.0125 - 0

.108

.142

.180

.222

.320

.375

.435

.569

.721

.8901.0801.283

1.7462.280

.121

.159

.202

.249

.359

.421

.489

.639

.810

.9991.2131.441

–2.560

Clear

––––

––––

––––

––

Size(in.)


Material (Weight Lbs./ft.)GrayPVC CPVC Clear

Rectangular Bar


1/2 x 3/4 1/2" flats ± .0203/4" flats ± .030

.225 – –

Size(in.)


Material (Weight Lbs./ft.)

GrayPVC CPVC Clear


Certain machining practices, regardless ofthe material being machined (plastic ormetal), can generate excessive stress. Wheninduced stresses caused by the effects ofmachining are added to any residual stress,product failure can result. Causes ofexcessive stress induced by machininginclude:

• Excessive heat generation (frictional heat caused by improper speed and/orfeed rates)

• Taking too much material at once• Using worn, dull or improper tooling• Improper support of product during

machining

Speed and feed rates will be determinedby the finish desired, the amount of stockremoved, and the tool used.

The maximum speed that a cutting tool canbe operated without generating excessiveheat should be determined by actual testing. Machine vibration and way clearancesmust be kept to a minimum. The followingmachining recommendations will helpminimize the amount of stress inducedduring the machining process.

1. Heat Generation should be kept to aminimum during all machining processes.a. Actual testing should be conducted to

determine the maximum speed at whicha particular tool can be used withoutgenerating excessive heat and/orchipping. All tools must be kept cleanand sharp.

b. Cutting solutions of water, soapy water,a suitable lubricant, or cool air jet shouldbe considered for cooling during themachining process.

CAUTION: Certain oils and lubricantstypically used for machining of metallicscontain stress-cracking agents that are notcompatible with PVC or CPVC materials.Contact the lubricant manufacturer forcompatibility prior to use.

2. Turning and Boring - High-speed steeland carbide tools are typically used formost plastics. A common practice is tofollow the feed and speed rates that aretypically used for machining brass. Speedrates for high-speed steel tools commonlyvary between 250 - 500 ft./min.; speed ratesfor carbide tools can vary from 500 to 1500ft./min. Tools used should have lessclearance and more rake than those usedfor steel or other metals.

3. Drilling - Carbide-tipped bits arerecommended for high volume production.Extra clearance at the back edges of theflutes is desirable to reduce heat generationcaused by friction. Drill speeds can be ashigh as 12,000 to 15,000 rpm with carbide-tipped bits. Bit points should have anincluded angle of 55° to 60° for thin sectionsand 90° for thicker sections; clearance angleshould be 15°. Lubrication or an air jetshould be provided to avoid excessiveheating and aid in chip removal.Commercial high-speed steel drill bitsspecifically designed for use with plasticsare available; they have large flutes for easychip removal.

4. Tapping and Threading - A high-speed,steel-nitrided, chromium-plated tap with arake from 0° to -5° is recommended fortapping small holes. Tapping speeds usuallyvary from 40 to 55 ft./min. The size of thehole should allow for approximately three-quarters of the standard thread depth. Whencutting a 60° thread (such as ANSI B1.2.1),the tool used should be ground to cut onone side only, and fed in at an angle of 30°by setting the compound rest at this angle.

MACHINING RECOMMENDATIONS

NOTE: The machining characteristics of different plastics vary somewhat. The recommendations given are general and may require modification to obtain the best results.The data furnished herein is provided as a courtesy and is based on past experience, limited testing, and other information believed to be reliable. This information maybe considered as a basis for recommendation only, and not as a guarantee for its accuracy, suitability for particular applications, or the results to be obtained therefrom.Materials should be machined and tested under actual use conditions to determine suitability for a particular purpose.


e-mail: [email protected]

300 Kuebler Rd., P.O. Box 757, Easton, PA 18044-0757Tel 610-252-7355 • Fax 610-253-4436

ASTM

Distributed by:

®

SAMPLE SPECIFICATIONSAll PVC stock machining shapes shall be manufactured from a rigid, unfilled, general-purpose-gradePolyvinyl Chloride (PVC) compound with a Cell Classification of 12454, per ASTM D1784. (CalloutDesignation S-PVC0111 per ASTM D6263).

All CPVC stock machining shapes shall be manufactured from a rigid, unfilled, general-purpose-gradeChlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride (CPVC) compound with a Cell Classification of 23437, per ASTM D1784.(Callout Designation S-CPVC0211 per ASTM D6263).

Product shall meet the applicable requirements of ASTM D6263, Standard Specification for Extruded Rodsand Bars Made From Rigid PVC and CPVC. This shall include requirements pertaining to classificationand material, physical properties, degree of fusion, dimensions, dimensional stability, lengthwise camber,workmanship, finish and appearance.

All stock machining shapes shall be manufactured in strict compliance to Harvel Plastics, Inc. requirementsfor extrusion profiles, consistently meeting and/or exceeding the Quality Assurance testing of this requirementwith regard to material, workmanship, dimensions and extrusion quality. All shapes shall be porosity free,and shall be tested for internal stress levels. These products shall be manufactured in the USA, usingdomestic materials, by an ISO 9001 certified manufacturer, and shall be stored indoors after productionat the manufacturing site until shipped from factory.

PPFA®

Harvel® is a registered trademark of Harvel Plastics, Inc.

Corzan® is a registered trademark of The Lubrizol Corporation.

© 2009 Harvel Plastics, Inc. – All rights reserved.8

Harvel Plastics, Inc.Quality Systems Certificate Nos. 270/455

Assessed to ISO 9001

LPCBU K A S

QUALITYMANAGEMENT

007

LO

SSP

RE

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C E R T I F I CA

TI O

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PVC & CPVC - vyt.com.mx · PVC & CPVC Machining Shapes Harvel’s state-of-the-art extrusion process provides porosity-free, stressed-reduced products with optimum physical properties