Python_Gui_ppt

7/28/2019 Python_Gui_ppt

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[email protected] /[email protected], CSIR-CEERI RCS & WSN Labs, Digital Systems Group, CSIR-CEERI, PILANI-333031(Raj),Ind

Under the guidance of

Dr. Kota Solomon Raju

Principal Scientist

Presented By

Python Introduction

VISHWAS REDDYProject Trainee

Digital System Group


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OBJECTIVE

To create a GUI automated applicatiPartial Reconfigurable Region Desig


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CONTENTS

1)What is python

2)Properties

3)What is it used for?

4)Who is using it ?5)Python GUI Programming(tkinter)

6)Example


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What is Python?

Python is a high-level, interpreted, interactive and object oriented-scripting la

was designed to be highly readable which uses English keywords frequently

languages use punctuation and it has fewer syntactical constructions than ot

Python is Interpreted: This means that it is processed at runtime by the inte

do not need to compile your program before executing it. This is similar to PE

Python is Interactive: This means that you can actually sit at a Python prom

with the interpreter directly to write your programs.

Python is Object-Oriented: This means that Python supports Object-Orienttechnique of programming that encapsulates code within objects.


5/[email protected] /[email protected], CSIR-CEERI RCS & WSN Labs, Digital Systems Group, CSIR-CEERI, PILANI-333031(Raj),Ind

Properties

Open Source (OSI Certified)

copyrighted but use not restricted

no "viral" license owned by independent non-profit, PSF

Extremely portable

Unix/Linux, Windows, Mac, PalmOS, WindowsCE, RiscOS, VxWorks, Q

OS/390, AS/400, PlayStation, Sharp Zaurus, BeOS, VMS

Compiles to interpreted byte code

compilation is implicit and automatic

Memory management automatic

reference counting for most situations

GC added for cycle detection

Safe: no core dumps due to your bugs



What is it used for?

Rapid Prototyping

Web Programming (client and server side)

Ad Hoc Programming ("scripting")

Steering Scientific Applications

Extension Language

XML Processing

Database Applications

GUI Applications

Education



Rapid Prototyping

Rapid Prototyping (RP) can be defined as a group of techniques

used to quickly fabricate a scale model of a part or assembly using three-dimens

computer aided design (CAD) data.

Why prototyping?The reasons of Rapid Prototyping are

To increase effective communication.

To decrease development time.

To decrease costly mistakes.

To minimize sustaining engineering changes.

To extend product lifetime by adding necessary features and eliminating redund

early in the design.

Image Source : http://en.wikiversity.org



Web Browsing

What is CGI ?

The Common Gateway Interface, or CGI, is a set of standards that define how

exchanged between the web server and a custom script.

The CGI specs are currently maintained by the NCSA and NCSA defines CG The Common Gateway Interface, or CGI, is a standard for external gateway p

interface with information servers such as HTTP servers.

The current version is CGI/1.1 and CGI/1.2 is under progress.

Web Browsing

To understand the concept of CGI, lets see what happens when we click a hy

browse a particular web page or URL. Your browser contacts the HTTP web server and demand for the URL ie. filen

Web Server will parse the URL and will look for the filename in if it finds that f

back to the browser otherwise sends an error message indicating that you hav

wrong file.

Web browser takes response from web server and displays either the receive

message.



Ad Hoc Programming ("scripting")

Ad Hoc is a latin phrase meaning "for this". It generally signifies

designed for a specific problem or task, non-generalizable, and n

to be able to be adapted to other purposes (compare a proiri). Co

examples are organizations, committees, and commissions crea

national or international level for a specific task. In other fields th

refer, for example, to a military unit created under special circum

tailor-made suit, a handcrafted network protocal, or a purpose-

specific equation.Ad hoccan also mean makeshift solutions, sh

contexts to create new meanings, inadequate planning, or improevents.



Steering Scientific Applications(1)

Scientists Are on the Move. During the last decade, the popularity of scienti

c computing environments such as Maple, Mathematica, Matlab, and SPlus/R has increased considerably. Scientists and engineers simply feel more

productive in such environments. One reason is the simple and clean syntax

of the command languages in these environments. Another factor is the tight

integration of simulation and visualization: in Maple, Matlab, S-Plus/R and

similar environments you can quickly and conveniently visualize what you

just have computed.




Build Your Own Environment. One problem with the mentioned environments

is that they do not work, at least not in an easy way, with other typesof numerical software and visualization systems. Many of the environmentspeci

c programming languages are also quite simple or primitive. At this

point scripting in Python comes in. Python oers the clean and simple syntax

of the popular scientic computing environments, the language is very

powerful, and there are lots of tools for gluing your favorite simulation, visualizatio

and data analysis programs the way you want. Phrased dierently,

Python allows you to build your own Matlab-like scientic computing

environment, tailored to your specic needs and based on your favorite high perfo

Fortran, C, or C++ codes.




Graphical User Interfaces. GUIs are becoming increasingly more important

in scientic software, but (normally) computational scientists and engineershave neither the interest nor the time to read thick books about GUI programming

What you need is a quick \how-to" description of wrapping GUIs

to your applications. The Tk-based GUI tools available through Python make

it easy to wrap existing programs with a GUI


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Who is using it?

Google (various projects)

NASA (several projects) NYSE (one of only three languages "on the floor")

Industrial Light & Magic (everything)

Yahoo! (Yahoo mail & groups)

Real Networks (function and load testing)

RedHat (Linux installation tools)

LLNL, Fermilab (steering scientific applications)

Zope Corporation (content management)

Object Domain (embedded Jython in UML tool)

Alice project at CMU (accessible 3D graphics)

More success stories at www.pythonology.com


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Compiling and interpreting

Many languages require you to compile (translate) your program into a form th

machine understands.

Python is instead directly interpretedinto machine instructions

compile execute

outputsource codeHello.java

byte codeHello.class

interpret

outputsource codeHello.py


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Python GUI Programming (Tkinte

Python provides various options for developing graphical u

interfaces (GUIs). Most important are listed below:

Tkinter: Tkinter is the Python interface to the Tk GUI toolk

with Python. We would look this option in this tutorial.

wxPython: This is an open-source Python interface for

wxWindows http://wxpython.org. JPython: JPython is a Python port for Java, which gives P

scripts seamless access to Java class libraries on the loca

machine http://www.jython.org.
http://wxpython.org/http://www.jython.org/http://www.jython.org/http://wxpython.org/


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Tk Overview

Set of widgets designed by John K. Ousterhout, 1987

Based on Apple Hypercard idea of putting together graphics prog

Tk == Tool Kit

Mean to be driven by Tcl (Toolkit Control Language)

Many people find Tcl limited

Can also drive Tk with Perl, Python

Tkinter is the Python Tk Interface

Very easy to use


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Tkinter Programming:

Tkinter is the standard GUI library for Python. Python when combined with Tk

fast and easy way to create GUI applications. Tkinter provides a powerful objeinterface to the Tk GUI toolkit.

Creating a GUI application using Tkinter is an easy task. All you need to do is

following steps:

Example:Import the Tkintermodule.

Create the GUI application main window.

Add one or more of the above mentioned widgets to the GUI application.

Enter the main event loop to take action against each event triggered by t

import Tkinter

top = Tkinter.Tk()

# Code to add widgets will go here...

top.mainloop()


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blabels

Entry

box

Compiler output

box

checkboxlis

Bullet

button


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Python - Tkinter Button

Python - Tkinter Button

The Button widget is used to add buttons in a Python application. These buttotext or images that convey the purpose of the buttons. You can attach a functi

to a button, which is called automatically when you click the button.

Syntax:

w = Button ( master, option=value, ... )

Parameters:

master: This represents the parent window. options: Here is the list of most commonly used options for this widget. T

can be used as key-value pairs separated by commas.


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Example:

import Tkinter

import tkMessageBox

top = Tkinter.Tk()

def helloCallBack():

tkMessageBox.showinfo( "Hello Python", "Hello World"

B = Tkinter.Button(top, text ="Hello", command =

helloCallBack)

B.pack()

top.mainloop()


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Python - Tkinter Checkbutton

The Checkbutton widget is used to display a number of options to a user as to

The user can then select one or more options by clicking the button corresponoption.

You can also display images in place of text.

Syntax:

w = Checkbutton ( master, option, ... )

Parameters:

master: This represents the parent window.

options: Here is the list of most commonly used options for this widget. T



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Example:

from Tkinter import *

import tkMessageBox

import Tkinter

top = Tkinter.Tk()

CheckVar1 = IntVar()

CheckVar2 = IntVar()

C1 = Checkbutton(top, text = "Music", variable = CheckVar1, \

onvalue = 1, offvalue = 0, height=5, width = 20)

C2 = Checkbutton(top, text = "Video", variable = CheckVar2, \

onvalue = 1, offvalue = 0, height=5, width = 20)

C1.pack()

C2.pack()

top.mainloop()


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Python - Tkinter Entry:

The Entry widget is used to accept single-line text strings from a user.

If you want to display multiple lines of text that can be edited, then you should usethe

If you want to display one or more lines of text that cannot be modified by the user the

the Labelwidget.

Syntax:

Here is the simple syntax to create this widget:

w = Entry( master, option, ... )

Parameters:

master: This represents the parent window. options: Here is the list of most commonly used options for this widget. These op

used as key-value pairs separated by commas.


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Examplefrom Tkinter import *

top = Tk()

L1 = Label(top, text="User Name")

L1.pack( side = LEFT)

E1 = Entry(top, bd =5)

E1.pack(side = RIGHT)

top.mainloop()


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Python - Tkinter Label

This widget implements a display box where you can place text or images. Th

displayed by this widget can be updated at any time you want.

It is also possible to underline part of the text (like to identify a keyboard short

the text across multiple lines.

Syntax:


w = Label ( master, option, ... )

Parameters:





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Example:


root = Tk()

var = StringVar()

label = Label( root, textvariable=var, relief=RAISED )

var.set("Hey!? How are you doing?")label.pack()

root.mainloop()


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Python - Tkinter Listbox

The Listbox widget is used to display a list of items from which a user can sele

items

Syntax:


w = Listbox ( master, option, ... )

Parameters:


options: Here is the list of most commonly used options for this widget. Tcan be used as key-value pairs separated by commas.

E l


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Example:from Tkinter import *

import tkMessageBox

import Tkinter

top = Tk()

Lb1 = Listbox(top)

Lb1.insert(1, "Python")

Lb1.insert(2, "Perl")

Lb1.insert(3, "C")

Lb1.insert(4, "PHP")Lb1.insert(5, "JSP")

Lb1.insert(6, "Ruby")

Lb1.pack()

top.mainloop()

P th Tki t R di b tt


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Python - Tkinter Radiobutton

This widget implements a multiple-choice button, which is a way to offer many

selections to the user, and let user choose only one of them.

In order to implement this functionality, each group of radiobuttons must be as

same variable, and each one of the buttons must symbolize a single value. Yo

Tab key to switch from one radionbutton to another.

Syntax:


w = Radiobutton ( master, option, ... )

Parameters:




E l


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Examplefrom Tkinter import *

def sel():

selection = "You selected the option " + str(var.get())

label.config(text = selection)

root = Tk()var = IntVar()

R1 = Radiobutton(root, text="Option 1", variable=var,

value=1, command=sel)

R1.pack( anchor = W )


value=2,command=sel)

R2.pack( anchor = W )


value=3,command=sel)

R3.pack( anchor = W)

label = Label(root)

label.pack()

root.mainloop()

P th Tki t S llb


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Python - Tkinter Scrollbar

This widget provides a slide controller that is used to implement vertical scroll

such as Listbox, Text, and Canvas. Note that you can also create horizontal s

Entry widgets.

Syntax:


w = Scrollbar ( master, option, ... )

Parameters:




E l


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Example


root = Tk()

scrollbar = Scrollbar(root)

scrollbar.pack( side = RIGHT, fill=Y )

mylist = Listbox(root, yscrollcommand = scrollbar.set )

for line in range(100):

mylist.insert(END, "This is line number " + str(line))

mylist.pack( side = LEFT, fill = BOTH )

scrollbar.config( command = mylist.yview )

mainloop()

Python Tkinter Message


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Python - Tkinter Message

This widget provides a multiline and noneditable object that displays texts, automatica

and justifying their contents.

Its functionality is very similar to the one provided by the Label widget, except that it ca

automatically wrap the text, maintaining a given width or aspect ratio.

Syntax:


w = Message ( master, option, ... )

Parameters:


options: Here is the list of most commonly used options for this widget. These op

used as key-value pairs separated by commas.

Example:


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Example:


root = Tk()

var = StringVar()

label = Message( root, textvariable=var, relief=RAISED )

var.set("Hey!? How are you doing?")label.pack()

root.mainloop()

Compared to Perl


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Compared to Perl

Easier to learn

especially for infrequent users More readable code

improved code maintenance

Fewer magical side effects

More safety guarantees

Better Java integration Some things slower

Compared to Java


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Compared to Java

Code 5-10 times more concise

Dynamic typing Much quicker development

no compilation phase

less typing

Yes, it runs slower

but development is much faster!Ditto (but more so) for C/C++

Compared to Tcl


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Compared to Tcl

Real datatypes, object-orientation

More differentiated syntax Much faster (even than Tcl 8.0)

Can use threads

Less need for C extensions

hence fewer extension conflicts

Better Java integration Python uses Tk as de-facto GUI std

JPython


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JPython

Seamless integration with Java

Separate implementation classic Python called CPython here

Implements the same language

Different set of standard modules

differences in gray areas

e.g. some different introspection calls different command line options, etc.

Java integration


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Java integration

Interactive

Compiles direct to Java bytecode Import Java classes directly

Subclass Java classes

pass instances back to Java

Java beans integration

Can compile into Java class files run as applet in browsers

Example


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Example


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Recommended Referals


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Recommended Referals

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_(programming_language)

Http://web.media.mit.edu/~dustin/books/pycs.pdf

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapid_application_development

https://cs.american.edu/~fleck/classes/csc280/spring11/slides/tkinter.ppt

http://www.tutorialspoint.com/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_(programming_language)http://web.media.mit.edu/~dustin/books/pycs.pdfhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapid_application_developmenthttps://cs.american.edu/~fleck/classes/csc280/spring11/slides/tkinter.ppthttp://www.tutorialspoint.com/http://www.tutorialspoint.com/https://cs.american.edu/~fleck/classes/csc280/spring11/slides/tkinter.ppthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapid_application_developmenthttp://web.media.mit.edu/~dustin/books/pycs.pdfhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_(programming_language)

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Python_Gui_ppt