qarTuli ena da literatura - aris.ge...Sesavali qarTuli enisa da literaturis sagamocdo testSi 2014 welsac mxolod 3 davaleba iqneba: I. teqstis redaqtireba (maqsimaluri qula 20); II

rogor movemzadoT erTiani

erovnuli gamocdebisaTvis

qarTuli ena da literatura

savaldebulo gamocda

2014

Sefasebisa da gamocdebis erovnuli centris qarTuli enisa da literaturis jgufi

sagamocdo krebuli warmoadgens `Sefasebisa da gamocdebis erovnuli cent-ris~ sakuTrebas da daculia saqarTvelos kanoniT _ `saavtoro da momijnave uflebebis Sesaxeb~. `Sefasebisa da gamocdebis erovnuli centris~ nebarTvis ga-reSe dauSvebelia teqstSi raime cvlilebis Setana, reproduqcia, Targmna da sxva saSualebebiT (rogorc beWdviTi, aseve eleqtronuli formiT) gavrceleba, agreTve ikrZaleba sagamocdo krebulebis gamoyeneba komerciuli miznebisaTvis.

Sesavali

qarTuli enisa da literaturis sagamocdo testSi 2014 welsac mxolod 3 davaleba iqneba:

I. teqstis redaqtireba (maqsimaluri qula 20); II. argumentirebuli ese (20 q.) da III. wakiTxulis gaazreba da mxatvruli teqstis analizi (15 + 25 q.). wina wlebis msgavsad testis am ukanasknel nawilSi mocemuli iqneba 2 teqs-

ti: erTi _ poeturi da meore _ prozauli. amjeradac abiturienti Tavad air-Cevs am ori teqstidan erT-erTs, mxolod am teqstis gasaazrebel kiTxvebs upa-suxebs da amave teqstis analizs dawers.

amrigad, 2014 wels qarTuli enisa da literaturis testis maqsimaluri qu-la kvlav 80 iqneba.

sagamocdo programa qarTul enasa da literaturaSi (savaldebulo gamocda)

I. qarTuli ena

1. leqsikologia

sityva, misi pirdapiri da gadataniTi mniSvneloba; sityvis mniSvnelobis cvla: gafarToeba da daviwroeba; sinonimebi, omoni-mebi, antonimebi, paronimebi, dialeqtizmebi, arqaizmebi, neologiz-mebi, nasesxebi sityvebi, barbarizmebi; sityvaTa myari Sexamebani; warmoqmnili da Zireuli sityvebi; martivi da rTuli sityvebi; sityvaTa SemoklebiT SeerTeba; Semoklebuli dawera.

2. stilistika

stilis raoba; funqciuri stilistika; leqsikuri stilistika; sityvaTa SerCeva mniSvnelobis mixedviT; paronimebi, evfemizmebi, Tavazianobis gamomxatveli sityvebi; stilisturi xarvezebi: tav-tologia, kalki, atrofia (sityvis gamoyeneba arazusti mniSvne-lobiT).

3. morfologia

metyvelebis nawilebi: arsebiTi saxeli, jgufebi Sinaarsis mi-xedviT, sazogado da sakuTar saxelTa bruneba; zedsarTavi saxeli, zedsarTavi saxelis xarisxis formebi, zedsarTav saxelTa bruneba damoukideblad da arsebiT saxelTan erTad; arsebiTi saxeli msaz-Rvrelad; ricxviTi saxeli, ricxviTi saxelebis jgufebi, ricxvi-Ti saxelebis bruneba; nacvalsaxeli, nacvalsaxelTa jgufebi, nac-valsaxelTa bruneba; zmna, zmnis piri da ricxvi, zmniswini, dro, aspeqti, kilo, gardamavloba, mwkrivebi da seriebi, gvari, qceva, kontaqti; saxelzmna; zmnizeda; Tandebuli; kavSiri; nawilaki; So-risdebuli.

4. sintaqsi

winadadeba; sintaqsuri wyvilebi, sintaqsuri urTierTobis saxe-ebi; winadadebis saxeebi Sinaarsis mixedviT; winadadebis wevrebi; qvemdebarisa da Semasmenlis urTierToba ricxvis mixedviT; wina-dadebis saxeebi agebulebis mixedviT; martivi winadadebis saxeebi; Serwymuli winadadeba, erTgvar wevrTa SeerTeba; gankerZoebuli sityvebi da gamoTqmebi; rTuli winadadeba, rTuli Tanwyobili wi-nadadeba, rTuli qvewyobili winadadeba, rTuli qvewyobili wina-dadebis gadakeTeba martivad da martivi winadadebebisa _ rTul qvewyobilad; pirdapiri da iribi naTqvami.

5. punqtuacia sasveni niSnebi; sasven niSanTa xmarebis wesebi.

II. qarTuli literatura

1. mxatvruli teqstis

analizisaTvis aucilebeli

literaturaTmcod-neobiTi terminebi

drama, eposi, lirika; poezia, proza; andaza, aforizmi, biografia, elegia, Tqmuleba, igav-araki, ko-

media, legenda, leqsi, memuari, miTi, moTxroba, muxambazi, nove-la, poema, publicistika, romani, soneti, tragedia, trioleti, Sa-iri;

abzaci, epigrafi, epilogi, Tema, idea, kompozicia, prologi, riTma, ritmi, siuJeti, strofi, taepi, fabula, finali;

dialogi, monologi, perifrazi, citata; lirikuli gmiri, peizaJi, personaJi, portreti; alegoria, aliteracia, aluzia, gapirovneba, groteski, epiTe-

ti, ironia, iumori, metafora, motivi, sarkazmi, satira, tropi, Se-dareba, xatovani Tqma, hiperbola;

mxatvruli ena, mxatvruli saxe.

2. literaturuli procesis ZiriTadi

etapebi

sasuliero mwerloba, klasikuri xanis mwerloba, aRorZinebis xanis mwerloba, romantizmi, realizmi, modernizmi, postmoder-nizmi.

3. iakob xucesi `SuSanikis wameba~ (saskolo Semoklebuli varianti).

4. iovane sabanisZe àbo Tbilelis wameba~ (saskolo Semoklebuli varianti).

5. giorgi merCule `grigol xanZTelis cxovreba~ (saskolo Semoklebuli varianti).

6. SoTa rusTveli

`vefxistyaosani~ (`vefxistyaosnis~ saskolo gamocema n. naTaZisa): `dasawyisidan~ `tarielis TaTbiramde~, `dasasruli~.

7. sulxan-saba orbeliani

`sibrZne-sicruisa~, igav-arakebi: `mefe xorasnisa~, `Zunwi da vaWa-ri~, ùgunuri mcuravi~, `samni brmani~, `mefunduke da didvaWari~.

8. daviT guramiSvili

`daviTiani~: `swavla moswavleTa~, `qarTvel ufalTa megvartomo-bis igavi~, `moTqma xmiTa Tav-bolo erTi~, `qarTvelTa da kaxTa-gan TavianT ufalTad Seorguleba~, `sawyaulis mowyva RvTisa-gan~, `daviT guramisSvilis lekTagan datyoeba~, òdes datyoe-bulman urjulos qveyanas sayvarlis saxe da suraTi veRara naxa, amisi moTqma daviTisagan~, `tyveobiTgan gaparva daviTisa~, `Svela RvTisagan daviTisa. tyveobidan gamosvla saruseToSi~, `daviT gu-ramisSvilisagan sawuTos soflis samduravi~.

9. aleqsandre WavWavaZe

leqsi `gogCa~.

10. grigol orbeliani

leqsebi: `Tamar mefis saxe beTaniis eklesiaSi~, `saRamo gamosal-mebisa~, `pasuxi SvilTa~.

11. nikoloz baraTaSvili

leqsebi: àr ukiJino, satrfoo...~, `merani~, `cisa fers~, `fiqrni mtkvris piras~, `SemoRameba mTawmindaze~, `xma idumali~, `sulo boroto~, `vpove taZari~; poema `bedi qarTlisa~.

12. ilia WavWavaZe

leqsebi: `bednieri eri~, `pasuxis pasuxi~, `Cemo kalamo~; poemebi: `gandegili~, àCrdili~ _ VII Tavi; moTxrobebi: `kacia-adamiani?!~, `mgzavris werilebi~, òTaraanT qvrivi~; statia `ra giTxraT, riT gagaxaroT?~

13. akaki wereTeli

leqsebi: àRmarT-aRmarT~, `ganTiadi~, `suliko~, `qebaTa qeba (sxvebma svan Rvino...)~; poemebi: `Tornike erisTavi~, `gamzrdeli~.

14. aleqsandre yazbegi

moTxroba `xevisberi goCa~.

15. vaJa-fSavela

leqsebi: `Cemi vedreba~, `ram Semqmna adamianad~, `kai yma~, ìas uT-xariT turfasa~; poemebi: àluda qeTelauri~, `baxtrioni~, `stu-mar-maspinZeli~; moTxroba àmodis, naTdeba~; publicisturi weri-li `kosmopolitizmi da patriotizmi~.

16. daviT kldiaSvili

moTxroba `samaniSvilis dedinacvali~.

17. niko lorTqifaniZe

moTxroba `Selocva radioTi~.

18. konstantine gamsaxurdia

romani `didostatis marjvena~.

19. mixeil javaxiSvili

romani `jayos xiznebi~.

20. polikarpe kakabaZe

piesa `yvaryvare TuTaberi~ (I da IV moqmedebebi).

21. galaktion tabiZe

leqsebi: `qebaTa qeba nikorwmindas~, `Tovli~, `me da Rame~, `mTaw-mindis mTvare~, `silaJvarde anu vardi silaSi~, `Serigeba~, `mSob-liuri efemera~.

22. tician tabiZe leqsebi: `leqsi mewyeri~, ànanurTan~.

23. paolo iaSvili leqsi `poezia~.

24. giorgi leoniZe leqsebi: `ninowmindis Rame~, `yivCaRis paemani~.

25. guram rCeuliSvili

moTxroba àlaverdoba~.

26. ana kalandaZe leqsi `mkvdarTa mze var~.

27. jemal qarCxaZe moTxroba ìgi~.

28. guram doCanaSvili

moTxroba `kaci, romelsac literatura Zlier uyvarda~.

misaRebi gamocdebis moTxovnebi

abiturients moeTxoveba: enis gamomsaxvelobiT saSualebaTa (rogorc leqsikuris, ise gramatiku-

lis) adekvaturi gamoyeneba;

enobrivi konstruqciebis sworad ageba da Tanamedrove qarTuli salite-raturo enis normebis dacva;

sxvadasxva daniSnulebis teqstebis Sedgena;

mxatvrul teqstTa leqsikis gageba;

literaturuli masalis safuZvelze problemis dasma, gaazreba da analizi;

nawarmoebis Temisa da ideis, motivebis, calkeuli dialogebis, mxatvru-li saxeebis, situaciis, koliziis arsisa da personaJTa qcevis motivaci-is adekvaturi gaazreba;

argumentebis logikurad, damajereblad Camoyalibeba da Sesabamisi maga-liTebiT gamyareba;

literaturuli nawarmoebis (an misi nawilis) analizi, komentari;

literaturul nawarmoebTa Soris msgavsebebisa da gansxvavebebis migneba da SedarebiTi analizi;

mwerlis enis, stilis ZiriTadi Taviseburebebisa da gamomsaxvelobiTi saSualebebis sworad aRqma da gaazreba;

literaturuli teqstisadmi individualuri damokidebulebis gamovlena.

qarTuli enisa da literaturis sagamocdo testiT Semowmdeba: teqstis redaqtirebis unari;

argumentirebis unari;

sagamocdo programiT gaTvaliswinebuli masalis gamoyenebis unari;

kiTxvaSi (davalebaSi) miniSnebuli informaciis teqstSi mocemul infor-maciasTan gaigivebis (identificirebis) unari;

informaciis gaazrebis, analizis, ganzogadebisa da daskvnis gamotanis unari;

damoukidebeli, kritikuli azrovnebis unari; weriTi metyvelebis unari Tanamedrove saliteraturo enis normebis dac-

viT.

gTavazobT 2014 wlis qarTuli enisa da literaturis gamocdaze gamoyenebu-li testebis oTxive variants Sefasebis sqemebiTurT:

I. teqstis redaqtireba (20 qula)

qvemoT mocemul teqstSi daSvebulia 18 morfologiur-orTografiuli, sintaqsuri, punqtuaciuri Secdoma da stilisturi xarvezi. gaasworeT es Secdomebi da xarvezebi da ise gadawereT mTeli teqsti, rom masSi arc erTi sxva cvlileba ar SeitanoT.

gaiTvaliswineT, qulebi dagakldebaT Tqven mier gadaweril teqstSi daSvebuli Ti-Toeuli Secdomis, xarvezisa Tu uzustobis gamo.

kalistrate salia daibada 1901 wels samegrelos sofel jgalSi. 1920 wels igi Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis sibrZnismetyvelebis fakultetis studenti gaxda. sabWoTa xelisuflebam salias dapatimreba moaxdina ramac evropaSi xmauri gamoiwvia. amis gamo mas da ramdenime sxva qarTvel patimars germaniaSi wasvlis ufleba mices. saliam jer berlinis universiteti daamTavra Semdeg _ parizis universitetis istori-ul-literaturuli fakulteti. kalistrate salia iyo antisabWoTa frontis aqtiuri wevri. igi germanul jarSi Seqmnil qarTul nawilSi Caewera raTa fiqrobda, rom ger-mania saqarTvelos gaanTavisuflebda. salia aqtiurad monawileobda qarTvel samxed-ro tyveTa gamoxsnisa da ebraelTa gadarCenis procesSi.

1948 wels kalistratem meuRlesTan erTad daafuZnes Jurnali „bedi qarTlisa“. es Jurnali iyo yvelaze pirveli qarTvelologiuri gamocema evropaSi. igi 35 welis gan-mavlobaSi gamodioda safrangeTis samecniero kvlevis erovnul centris daxmarebiT. Jurnalma romelmac Tavi mouyara ucxoeTSi moRvawe qarTvelologebs, mniSvnelovan rols asrulebda qarTuli kulturis popularizaciaSi. kalistrate salia iyo oslos universitetis sapatio profesori ara-erTi samecniero sazogadoebebis wevri. kalist-rate salia gardaicvala 1986 wels parizSi. igi daasaflaves levilis sasaflaoze. 1988 wels, salias anderZis TanaxmaT misi ferfli didubis panTeonis miwas miabares.

Savi samuSaosaTvis

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II. argumentirebuli ese (20 qula)

sazogadoebis nawili miiCnevs, rom saxelmwifos mmarTvel organoebSi qalebis rao-denobis mniSvnelovani zrda aucilebelia qveyanaSi politikuri procesebis ukeT war-marTvisaTvis.

argumentirebuli msjelobiT daeTanxmeT am mosazrebas an uaryaviT igi.

gaaanalizeT warmodgenili Tvalsazrisi, SeafaseT misi dadebiTi da uaryofiTi mxa-reebi da CamoayalibeT Tqveni damokidebuleba naTlad, mkafiod da dasabuTebulad, ar-gumentebi gaamyareT saTanado magaliTebiT. msjeloba unda iyos logikurad gamarTu-li da abzacebiT danawevrebuli. SearCieT teqstis Sesabamisi stili. daicaviT salite-raturo enis normebi.

gaiTvaliswineT: Tu Tqveni msjeloba Semoifargleba oTxi-xuTi winadadebiT, naS-romi ar gaswordeba.

Savi samuSaosaTvis

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4

III. wakiTxulis gaazreba da weriTi davaleba (40 qula)

airCieT qvemoT mocemuli ori davalebidan erT-erTi da mxolod is SeasruleT!

davaleba # 1

yuradRebiT waikiTxeT aleqsandre WavWavaZis leqsi `gogCa~ (Semoklebuli varianti): I. gogCa, tba vrceli, xmovanebiT zRvisa mbaZavi, odesme zvirTTa aRqafebiT Relavs mrisxaned; zogjer, viT broli gulubryvilo, wminda, uZravi, Tvis Soris xatavs cisa laJvards da mTaTa mwvaneT.

II. magram naqcevni, misTa kideT ZaZiT mmosvelni, saglovo niSni SenobaTa kvlav erovanTa, sad hyvavebulan didebulad qalaqni vrcelni da sad dRes vxedavT oden buTa da natamalTa.

III. WmunvaTa TvisTa mnaxvelTaca aziareben... udabureba, mCumareba, araraoba. Tvalsa da gulsa kacisasa sevdiT avseben, da uneblieT warmodgeba oxvriT es grZnoba:

IV. aha, palatTa didebulTa ngreuli naSTi. aha, qalaqTa CinebulTa xvedri ucilo, aha, Cvenisa momavlisac namdvili xati; mxolod awmyoze ras dabmulxar, xedvav brmobilo!..

V. dRes es naqcevi, saxierad maCrdilobeli, xedavs Tvis qveSe damCoqvelad oden pirutyvTa, zogjer nadirTa, zogjer mxecTa, da xan warmvleli mun Seafarebs saqonelTa, SoriT zidulTa!..

VI. erTgzis eseca qvani Savni, dRes daxavsilni, urTierTTana kavSirobiT aRmaRlebulan; mkuTvnelni maTni, bednierni da kmayofilni, odesme maTSi gancxromilan da ganSvebulan.

VII. aqaca mjdara Zali maRals taxtsa amayad, wyalobaTa da risxvis frqveviT mmarTveli erTa; aqac uRrRniaT Sursa, mtrobas gulebi xarbad; trfialni aqac SemsWvalvian kvlav erTmanerTTa.

VIII. ravden banovanT Svenebani, axlad mSlilobni Wavlis siwmindes miuzidavs napirs am tbisas; vardni, zambaxni da mixakni da giSris mwyobrni ravdengzis turfad garduRia sarkesa wylisas.

IX. ravdengzis mTvares, Tavmomwones, maTTan STaxedviT ugrZvnia Tvisi Cagrul-yofa da moRrublvila! magram ra?! drosa msvrelis celiT, yovlTa warmwymediT, ciurTa mjobi mSveneblobac sxvaTebr mosTvlila!

a) wakiTxulis gaazreba (15 qula)

davalebis Sesasruleblad yuradRebiT gaecaniT teqsts. kiTxvebze pasuxebis gacema maSin daiwyeT, rodesac teqstis Sinaarsi mTlianad gasagebi iqneba. mocemuli oTx-oTxi pasuxidan airCieT mxolod erTi da SemoxazeT. moniSnuli pasuxi gadaitaneT pasuxebis furcelSi amgvarad: pasuxis Sesabamis ujredSi gaakeTeT aRniSvna _ X.

(1) 3. rogor gamoiyureba gogCa maSin, rodesac wynaria? a) is amwvanebul mTebsa da lurj zecaze mSvenieria. b) is amwvanebul mTebsa da lurj zecas ireklavs. g) is vrcelia da `xmovanebiT zRvisa mbaZavi~. d) is òdesme zvirTTa aRqafebiT Relavs mrisxaned~.

(1) 4. ra mxatvruli saSualebaa gamoyenebuli I strofis III striqonSi? a) alegoria. b) groteski. g) Sedareba. d) hiperbola.

(1) 5. II strofis mixedviT, ra `mosavs~ gogCis napirebs ZaZebiT? a) ayvavebuli, vrceli qalaqebi. b) didebul nagebobaTa nangrevebi. g) mgloviare, didebuli qalaqebi. d) Savad Semosili nagebobebi.

(1) 6. III strofis mixedviT, ra aerTianebT gogCis tbis Semogarensa da mis mnaxvelebs? a) Tavmowoneba. b) idumaleba. g) mSveniereba. d) mwuxareba.

(1) 7. IV strofis mixedviT, rogoria yvela didebuli qalaqis xvedri? a) maT arasodes daiviwyeben. b) maT ganadgureba elis. g) maT ganaxleba elis. d) maT veRaravin miagnebs.

(1) 8. IV strofis mixedviT, ras uwinaswarmetyvelebs avtori Tanamedroveebs? a) gogCis napirebze gaSenebuli qalaqebis msgavs momavals. b) usaxlkaroTa msgavs cxovrebas didebuli palatebis nangrevebSi. g) uZlevel mefeTa msgavs cxovrebas didebul palatebSi. d) Cinebuli qalaqebis msgavs bednier da mSvid momavals.

(1) 9. ras gulisxmobs avtori sityvebSi: `mxolod awmyoze ras dabmulxar, xedvav brmo-bilo!~

a) is adamiani, romelic mxolod awmyoTi cxovrobs, ugunuria. b) is adamiani, romelic mxolod momavliT cxovrobs, ugunuria. g) is adamiani, romelic mxolod ocnebobs, ugunuria. d) is adamiani, romelic warsulze fiqrobs, ugunuria.

(1) 10. V strofis mixedviT, vin afarebs Tavs xandaxan tbis napirebze arsebul nangrevebs? a) banovani. b) vaWari. g) momlocveli. d) usaxlkaro.

(1) 11. VI strofis mixedviT, rogor axasiaTebs avtori am nangrevebis Zvel mflobelebs? a) rogorc gancxromiT cxovrebaze meocnebeebs. b) rogorc kmayofilebasa da gancxromaSi mcxovrebT. g) rogorc ùrTierTTana kavSirobiT~ amaRlebulebs. d) rogorc Rirsebs _ odesme miaRwion bednierebas.

(1) 12. vis gulisxmobs avtori sityvaSi `Zali~? a) banovans. b) ers. g) mefes. d) moqalaqes.

(1) 13. VII strofis mixedviT, rogor axasiaTebs avtori adrindel mefeebs? a) rogorc guluxv da mrisxane mmarTvelebs. b) rogorc mtrian da ugulo mmarTvelebs. g) rogorc Surian da xarb mmarTvelebs. d) rogorc Zlier da amay mmarTvelebs.

(1) 14. ra grZnobis Sesaxeb saubrobs avtori VII strofSi? a) megobrobis. b) sasowarkveTilebis. g) siyvarulis. d) SiSis.

(1) 15. rogor axasiaTebs avtori dros leqsis IX strofSi? a) rogorc maradiulobis gamomxatvels. b) rogorc momavlis imeds. g) rogorc warsulis matianes. d) rogorc yovelives momspobs.

(1) 16. ris Sesaxeb ar saubrobs aleqsandre WavWavaZe am leqsSi? a) banovanTa silamazis. b) drois ulmoblobis. g) mefeTa Zlierebis. d) samSoblos siyvarulis.

(1) 17. romeli striqonebi gamoxatavs yvelaze ukeT am nawarmoebis umTavres azrs? a) `gogCa, tba vrceli, xmovanebiT zRvisa mbaZavi, odesme zvirTTa aRqafebiT Relavs mrisxaned~. b) àha, Cvenisa momavlisac namdvili xati; mxolod awmyoze ras dabmulxar, xedvav brmobilo!~ g) àqac uRrRniaT Sursa, mtrobas gulebi xarbad; trfialni aqac SemsWvalvian kvlav erTmanerTTa~. d) `ravdengzis mTvares, Tavmomwones, maTTan STaxedviT

ugrZvnia Tvisi Cagrul-yofa da moRrublvila!~

7

b) weriTi davaleba (25 qula)

weriTi davalebis instruqcia:

yuradRebiT gaecaniT davalebis pirobas. naweri ar gaswordeba, Tu naSromi davalebas ar upasuxebs, mocemuli teqstis pe-

rifrazia, ar aris Sesrulebuli arc erTi miTiTeba an mocemuli teqsti mTlianobaSi araadekvaturadaa gagebuli, anda enobrivad imdenad gaumarTavia, rom azris gageba Wirs.

naSromi Sesrulebuli unda iyos gasagebi (garkveuli) xelweriT. is monakveTebi, romelTa amokiTxvac gaZneldeba, ar gaswordeba da Txzulebis Sefasebisas mxedvelo-baSi ar iqneba miRebuli.

orive weriT davalebas Tan axlavs sam-sami miTiTeba. am miTiTebebs unda upasuxoT ise, rom Txzuleba azrobrivad erTiani, mTliani gamovides da ar iyos kiTxvebze cal-calke gacemuli pasuxebis meqanikuri jami an mocemuli teqstis perifrazi (Tundac mTeli Txzulebis Sinaarsis gadmocema). gaiTvaliswineT, rom davalebis miTiTeba Ses-rulebulad ar CaiTvleba, Tu masze mxolod erTi-ori winadadebiT iqneba pasuxi gace-muli.

CamoayalibeT Tqveni azri naTlad, mkafiod, detalurad da dasabuTebulad. naSro-mi Sefasdeba imis mixedviT, Tu ramdenad Cans masSi argumentirebisa da damoukidebeli azrovnebis unari da ara imis mixedviT, emTxveva Tu ara Tqveni pozicia sayovelTaod aRiarebul Tvalsazriss. msjeloba unda iyos logikurad gamarTuli da abzacebiT danawevrebuli; unda daicvaT saliteraturo enis normebi.

Savi samuSaosaTvis rveulSi datovebulia adgili, romelic SegiZliaT gamoiyenoT. gaiTvaliswineT, Savad Sesrulebuli namuSevari ar gaswordeba.

pasuxebis furcelSi daSvebuli Secdoma gadaxazeT da nu dajRabniT.

gaaanalizeT mocemuli teqsti Semdegi miTiTebebis mixedviT:

imsjeleT, ra aris mocemuli teqstis mTavari saTqmeli.

imsjeleT, ra mxatvruli saSualebebiTaa igi realizebuli.

CamoayalibeT Tqveni pirovnuli damokidebuleba leqsis mTavari saTqmelis mimarT. Tqveni Tvalsazrisi daasabuTeT!

davaleba # 2

yuradRebiT waikiTxeT nawyveti guram odiSarias wignidan `soxumSi dabruneba~: _ o, es soxumelebi sul ar arian gasaSvebi iqiT, gadadian da mere imaT yvelafers

eubnebian... mere imaT yvelaferi ician _ sad dgas Cveni tankebi da qvemexebi... Cveni ja-rebi, mere isini TviTmfrinavebidan bombaven Cvenebs, _ ambobs ìkarusSi~ mZRolis gver-diTa savarZelSi Cvengan zurgSeqceviT mjdomi qali da saqare minidan abaSis sadgur-Si mofusfuse xalxs akvirdeba.

mZRoli gareT aris gasuli, mgzavrTa umravlesobac iqvea _ zogi sigarets eweva, zogic Soriaxlo daxetialobs. ukve saaTze metia, rac avtobusi sadgomSi dgas.

1993 wlis 8 oqtomberia, dilis 11 saaTi. avtobusSi nauReltexilari soxumelebi _ siqagamoclili qalebi da bavSvebi, axlad SeRerili biWebi arian, kidev _ ramdenime ka-ci, da kidev me _ avtobusis ukana savarZelze bibliur meudabnoesaviT naxevradwamo-wolili da naxevradmTvlemare, naxevrad avtobusSi da naxevrad kidev, RmerTma uwyis, sad myofi.

Cveni erTobis prestiJuli warmomadgenlebi (ZiriTadad kacebi) abaSis samxedro Stab-Si imyofebian da iq samSvidobo molaparakebebs warmarTaven. saqme is aris, rom soxu-mel devnilebs zogs TbilisSi, zogs quTaisSi da zogsac sxva qalaqsa Tu sofelSi, moyvrebsa da mokeTeebTan, soxumidan adre TavdaRweul da gaxiznul ojaxebTan gvinda CavaRwioT rogorme, magram aris erTi patara `magram~ _ Cvens survilsa da realur vi-Tarebas erTmaneTisagan erTi mdinare mijnavs _ cxeniswyali, romlis gaRma (samtredii-saken) samTavrobo jariskacebi arian gamagrebulebi, gamoRma ki (abaSisken) _ qobalias mebrZolebi. mdinaris gaswvriv srolebia, ase vTqvaT, poziciuri brZolebi mimdinare-

obs. Cven ki, sikvdils gadarCenili sulswrafi miamitebi, dilauTenia cxeniswylis xids ìkarusiT~ jiqur miveWeriT da uecrad iseT vaiuSvelebelSi movxvdiT, rom lamis af-xazeTis omi sanatrebeli gagvixda, lamis usaxelod davasruleT Cveni bedkruli epo-pea _ Wurvebi xan marcxniv skdeboda, xan marjvniv...

dilis 11 saaTia. abaSa raciiT ukavSirdeba samtredias, samtredia upasuxebs abaSas. abaSa gadascems: soxumelebs gadasvla undaT, gaatarebT? samtredia: gavatarebT. oRond Tqven SewyviteT srola. abaSa: Cven SevwyvetT, Tu Tqven SewyvetT. samtredia: Cven SevwvetT. Tqven? abaSa: Cvenc. Tqven? samtredia: Cvenc. Tqven? abaSa: Tqven, Cvenc? fui, _ Cvenc, Tqvenc?..

gidis savarZelSi mokalaTebul qals mxolod maSinRa vamCnev, roca soxumelebs ax-senebs. igi kvlav saqare minis ekrans Sehyurebs... qali sustia, mkacri ieris, ase ormo-ciode wlis, nerviulad WmuWnis cxvirsaxocs... Tavs avtobusis meufed grZnobs, winamZRo-lad, liderad (ra Tqma unda, erTpirovnulad). Tavisi SemarTuli sxeuliT xazgasmiT

da wamdauwum gvimeorebs da gvaxsenebs, rom igi arc meti, arc naklebi, didi qalbato-nis _ ekaterine WavWavaZe-dadianis memkvidrea, Tu Cven WkuiT ar moviqceviT... mere yve-laferi Cvens Tavs unda davabraloT.

mgzavrebma kargad ician, vis gulisxmobs qali `maTSi~ da vis `CvenSi~. Cveni qalebis-Tvis yvelaferi es araxalia, Zvelicaa ukve _ uReltexilis Semdeg gulSi Caikres dev-nilebi zugdidelebma da senakelebma, abaSelebma da xobelebma _ baRaTuriebma da anCa-baZeebma, samuSiebma da Sedaniebma, narouSvilebma da Caganavebma... didebma da patarebma, yvelam, mTelma samegrelom, magram ai, zugdididan wamosvlisas, daiZra Tu ara devnile-biT savse matarebeli, baqanze mdgarma ramdenime ulmobelsaxianma, romeliRac Tavyri-lobidan momavalma, viRacis mier gaxelebulma qalma sul muStebi uqnia da qoqola ayara soxumel qalebs:

_ aibargeT aqedan, Tqve SevardnaZistebo! gamyidvelebo! zugdidis wminda miwas ar unda daadgaT fexi! mieciT, kidev mieciT SevardnaZes xma, axia Tqvenze, rac mogivi-daT!..

ramdenime dRis Semdeg amasac gavigebT (ukve sxvagan): _ soxumelebo! zviadistebo! Tqve moRalateebo! aqeT ras gamorbodiT, ageRoT iara-

Ri da geomaT afxazebTan! alalia, rac mogividaT!.. kidev ramdenime dRis Semdeg dardiani da mSieri, sasowarkveTamde misuli Tbilisi

miealerseba soxumis mkvidrT, magram aqac aRmoCndeba xalxi, romelic ityvis: _ es ltolvilebi sul zviadistebi arian ra! padriad! erTi magaTi!.. Cemi sityva qalis monologis sapasuxod sul ramdenime wamis mere gaisma... pirdapir

SevardnaZistoba (an sulac piriqiT _ zviadistoba) rom daebralebina CvenTvis, xmas rogor amoviRebdi, magram agentoba? dameTanxmebiT, damamcirebelia friad, ese igi, Cven, `stukaCebi~, aqedan iqiT ambis gadamtanebi varT, Tanac viTom gaWirvebul da bed-Sav xalxad mogvaqvs Tavi, arada, saidumlo rukebi da sqemebi, gaSifruli ustarebi gvaqvs tansacmelSi Cakerebuli, da ai, Camogvglija niRabi didma qalbatonma da amiT kidev erTi damateba Seitana soxumelTa sabraldebo daskvnaSi warmodgenil danaSau-lobaTa grZel nusxaSi.

_ maS, ubrZaneT, qalbatono, gadmoiyvanon es soxumelebi avtobusidan da daxvri-ton!..

_ daxvriton!.. _ kidev erT sityvas vamateb msoflio oratoriis istoriaSi yvelaze mokle gamosvlas da amiT TviTSewirvis rainduli elferiT vmosav mas. Cemi xma Zalu-mad gaisma salon-senatSi, mgoni, gareTac gaJona.

erTi ki Setokda èkaterine~, magram umalve gaxevda, Cemsken ar Semobrunebula. gai-susa avtobusi. èkaterine~ xom is qali ar aris, vinmes sityva SearCinos, magram...

is avtobusis TavSia, me _ boloSi. Cvens Soris mTeli ìkarusi~ manZilia. velode-bi, _ ai, axla Semotrialdeba da gladiatorebiviT samkvdro-sasicocxlod vetakebiT erTmaneTs. an is, an me, magram ara, ar ebmeba brZolaSi, dums. qalbatonebi ki TavianTi savarZel-loJebidan sunTqvaSekruli dagvcqerian. maT Cveni sisxlis xilva swyuriaT, dido qalbatono, da sad daiRvreba es sisxli _ arenis qviSaze Tu avtobusis gaTe-lil rezinis safenebze, maTTvis sulerTia. maT Cveni misalmebis gagoneba swadiaT... gadis ramdenime wuTi da vgrZnob, udavoa Cemi gamarjveba _ avtobusis mbrZaneblis skiptra xelT mipyria ukve da Semoqmeds madlobas SevRaRadeb. soxumeli qalbatonebi madlierebiT savse TvalebiT rigrigobiT gadmomxedaven savarZelTa maRali sazurgee-

9

bidan, maTi mzera meubneba, rom Cemi vaJkacuri gamosvlisaTvis umaRlesi qulebi davim-saxure 10, 10, 10...

magram vin gacala triumfatoroba, Zvirfaso mkiTxvelo, _ avtobusis kari farTod gaiRo da Cveni diplomatiuri misia Semocvivda. gadawyda _ gaRmeli qarTvelebi da ga-moRmeli qarTvelebi SeTanxmdnen, rom zustad pirvel saaTze Sewyviton srola da xidze soxumeli qarTvelebi gaataron! gixarodeT, mamuliSvilno, RmerTi CvenTanaa!..



(1) 3. ra viTarebaa am teqstSi aRwerili? a) afxazeTidan devnilebi cdiloben brZoliT gaagrZelon gza. b) afxazeTidan devnilebi samoqalaqo omis epicentrSi moxvdnen. g) afxazeTidan devnilebi cdiloben datovon saqarTvelo. d) afxazeTidan devnilebi samoqalaqo omSi CaerTvnen.

(1) 4. ra ganwyobilebas gamoxatavs `mZRolis gverdiTa savarZelSi... mjdomi qalis~ si-tyvebi?

a) imedgacruebas. b) gancvifrebas. g) Seuwynareblobas. d) Semwynareblobas.

(1) 5. romel frazaSi mimarTavs avtori tropul metyvelebas? a) `savarZelSi mokalaTebul qals mxolod maSinRa vamCnev, roca soxumelebs axse-

nebs~. b) `dardiani da mSieri, sasowarkveTamde misuli Tbilisi miealerseba soxumis

mkvidrT~. g) `qali sustia, mkacri ieris, ase ormociode wlis, nerviulad WmuWnis cxvirsa-

xocs~. d) `Tu Cven WkuiT ar moviqceviT... mere yvelaferi Cvens Tavs unda davabraloT~.

(1) 6. rogor moxda, rom devnilebs lamis afxazeTis omi gauxdaT sanatreli? a) zugdidan wamosvlisas ramdenime qalma devnilebi dawyevla. b) cxeniswylis xidis gadasvla saerTod SeuZlebeli aRmoCnda. g) sikvdilis safrTxis gamo ukan gabruneba mouxdaT. d) moulodnelad aRmoCndnen sikvdilis safrTxis winaSe.

(1) 7. ra mxatvrul saSualebas iyenebs avtori, rodesac samtredia-abaSis molaparake-bis Sesaxeb gviambobs?

a) alegorias. b) ironias. g) metaforas. d) hiperbolas.

(1) 8. ris gamoxatva surs avtors sityvebiT: àvtobusis ukana savarZelze bibliur me-udabnoesaviT naxevradwamowolili da naxevradmTvlemare, naxevrad avtobusSi da naxevrad kidev, RmerTma uwyis, sad myofi~?

a) sakuTari uZlurebisadmi ironiuli damokidebulebis. b) sakuTari SemarTebisadmi ironiuli damokidebulebis. g) sakuTari ugunurebisadmi ironiuli damokidebulebis. d) sakuTari gulgrilobisadmi ironiuli damokidebulebis.

(1) 9. ram ganapiroba, rom soxumidan devnilTaTvis ucnobi qalis braldeba àraxali~ iyo?

a) maT ukve bevrjer daabrales samSoblos interesebis sawinaaRmdego moqmedeba. b) maT ukve bevrjer daabrales kanonierad arCeuli xelisuflebis damxoba. g) maT ukve bevrjer usayvedures TanamemamuleTa mimarT gulgrilobis gamo. d) maT ukve bevrjer usayvedures ruseTis jaris mxardaWeris gamo.

(1) 10. romeli fraza gamoxatavs `gidis savarZelSi mokalaTebuli qalis~ ampartavno-bas?

a) èrTi ki Setokda... magram umalve gaxevda~. b) `gvaxsenebs, rom... ekaterine WavWavaZe-dadianis memkvidrea~. g) `qali sustia, mkacri ieris, ase ormociode wlis~. d) `mere yvelaferi Cvens Tavs unda davabraloT~.

(1) 11. `viRacis mier gaxelebuli~ qalebis romeli sityvebi SeiZleba iwvevdes mkiTxve-lis ironias?

a) àibargeT aqedan, Tqve SevardnaZistebo! gamyidvelebo!~ b) `zugdidis wminda miwas ar unda daadgaT fexi!~ g) `mieciT, kidev mieciT SevardnaZes xma~. d) àxia Tqvenze, rac mogividaT!~

(1) 12. ra azrs gamoxatavs mTxrobeli erT-erTi personaJis sityvebiT: ès ltolvilebi sul zviadistebi arian...~?

a) am sityvebis mTqmeli gamoxatavs gulgrilobas Seqmnili viTarebis gamo. b) am sityvebis mTqmels gulwrfelad awuxebs soxumeli devnilebis gaWirveba. g) am sityvebis mTqmeli arafriT gansxvavdeba `viRacis mier gaxelebuli~ qalebisagan. d) am sityvebis mTqmels kargad aqvs gaazrebuli Seqmnili viTarebis tragizmi.

(1) 13. sakuTari Tavis mimarT mTxroblis ra damokidebuleba vlindeba sityvebSi: `TviT-Sewirvis rainduli elferiT vmosav~?

a) ironiuli. b) aRfrTovanebuli. g) Semwynarebluri. d) usamarTlo.

(1) 14. qalis ra Tviseba Cans mTxrobliseul SefasebaSi: ìs qali ar aris, vinmes sityva SearCinos~?

a) cru da upiro adamiania. b) TvalTmaqci da eWviani adamiania. g) ukmexi da anCxli adamiania. d) gaunaTlebeli da ugunuri adamiania.

(1) 15. ras gulismobs mTxrobeli sityvebSi: `maT Cveni misalmebis gagoneba swadiaT~? a) avtobusSi myof adamianebs `diplomatiuri misiis~ warmateba surT. b) avtobusSi myof adamianebs mopaeqreTa dazavebis xilva surT. g) avtobusSi myof adamianebs moqiSpeTa Tavidan moSoreba surT. d) avtobusSi myof adamianebs mwvave dapirispirebis xilva surT.

(1) 16. ratom emadlierebian mTxrobels soxumeli qalbatonebi? a) mTxrobeli soxumel qalbatonebs gzis gagrZelebaSi daexmara. b) mTxrobelma soxumeli qalbatonebi xifaTisagan ixsna. g) mTxrobeli soxumel qalbatonebs SurisZiebaSi daexmara. d) mTxrobelma soxumeli qalbatonebis Rirseba daicva.

(1) 17. ris Sesaxeb ar aris saubari am teqstSi? a) sazogadoebis gaxleCis. b) samSoblos siyvarulis. g) samoqalaqo dapirispirebis. d) devnilTa gasaWiris.











imsjeleT `gidis savarZelSi mokalaTebuli qalis~ mxatvruli saxis Sesaxeb.

imsjeleT, ra mxatvrul saSualebebs iyenebs avtori (yuradReba miaqcieT Txrobis stilsa da Taviseburebebs).

CamoayalibeT Tqveni pirovnuli damokidebuleba teqstSi wamoWrili ZiriTadi prob-lemis mimarT. Tqveni Tvalsazrisi daasabuTeT!

Savi samuSaosaTvis

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mixeil (mixako) wereTeli daibada 1878 wlis 23 dekembers zemo imereTis sofel cxrukveTSi. quTaisis klasikuri gimnaziis damTavrebis Semdeg man swavla ganagrZo ki-evis universitetSi saidanac moxda misi garicxva, raTa aqtiurad iyo CarTuli poli-tikur saqmianobaSi. mixako wereTels romelsac Zalian saukeTeso evropuli ganaTleba qonda miRebuli sorbonis, Jenevisa da haidelbergis universitetebSi, saqarTvelos de-mokratiuli respublikis diplomatiur misiebs xelmZRvanelobda germaniasa da skandi-naviis qveynebSi.

bolSevikur ruseTis mier saqarTvelos okupaciis gamo mixako wereTeli iZulebu-li gaxda, rom samudamod daetovebia samSoblo. emigraciaSi myofi mecnieri nayofierad moRvaweobda. igi arCeuli iyo didi britaneTisa da irlandiis samecniero sazogadoe-bebis namdvil wevrad. garda amisa igi iyo `qarTvel tradicionalistTa kavSiris~ da-fuZnebis erT-erTi moTave. meore msoflio omis wlebSi mixako wereTelis Zalis-xmeviT germaniis sakoncentracio banakebisgan asobiT qarTveli ganTavisufldnen. saxelovanma mecnierma da mamuliSvilma mniSvnelovani wvlili Seitana rusTvelologiis ganviTare-baSi. 1963 wels parizSi daibeWda `vefxistyaosani~ romelic gamosacemad moamzada mixa-ko wereTelma. 1975 wels gamovida poemis miseuli prozauli Targmani germanul enaze. 1945 wels igi sacxovreblaT gadavida miunxenSi sadac ganagrZobda samecniero moRva-weobas. mixako wereTeli dakrZalulia safrangeTSi levilis sasaflaoze.

Savi samuSaosaTvis

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sazogadoebis nawili miiCnevs, rom arsebobs profesiebi, romelTa dauflebac mxo-lod mamakacebisaTvis an mxolod qalebisaTvis aris mizanSewonili.




Savi samuSaosaTvis

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4



davaleba # 1

yuradRebiT waikiTxeT nikoloz baraTaSvilis leqsi `vpove taZari~: I. vpove taZari Sesafari, udabnod mdgari; mun enTo marad uqrobeli wmida lampari. angelosTagan ikroda mun daviTis qnari da ganismoda ciur dasTa galobis zari!

II. mwiri soflisa, damaSvrali misiTa RelviT, mun veZiebdi gansvenebas wrfeliTa zraxviT; gulsa, moklulsa kacT siaviT da bedis brunviT, lampari wmida ganmitfobda ciuris sxiviT!

III. mun gundrukis wil Sevswiravdi wmidas siyvaruls, romlis sakurTxad davsdebdi me Cems gulsa da suls ama siamiT, netarebiT esreT aRvsebuls megona, vhxedav sasufevels aq daSenebuls!

IV. magram sawuTro gana vismes didxans axarebs? ganhqra taZari da udabno Cemda mdumarebs; mas aqeT Cems guls netareba ar asadarebs, mis nacvlad sevda da wyvdiadi daisadgurebs!

V. moispo mswraflad misi naSTi da misi kvali! gana Tu droman dahkra Tvisi mas avi Tvali! _ ara, mosZagda mas sofeli cru da muxTali! damSTa me mxolod mis lamprisgan cecxli damqrali!

VI. verRa aRmigo siyvarulma kvalad taZari! versad aRvanTe daSTomili misi lampari! esreT damixSo ukuRmarTma nugeSis kari da daval oblad isev mwiri miusafari!



(1) 3. rogori samyaroa aRwerili leqsis I strofSi? a) ararealuri. b) groteskuli. g) realuri. d) tragikuli.

(1) 4. ra igulisxmeba II strofis I striqonSi? a) lirikul gmirs sawuTros Relva verafers aklebs. b) lirikuli gmiri gaaxara sawuTros Relvam. g) lirikuli gmiri daRala sawuTros SfoTvam. d) lirikuli gmiri sulier simSvides eZebs.

(1) 5. II strofis mixedviT, ra mizniT mivida lirikuli gmiri taZarSi? a) kacTa siavis dasamarcxeblad. b) sulieri simSvidis mosapoveblad. g) ciuri sxivis saxilvelad. d) xetialis Semdeg dasasveneblad.

(1) 6. II strofis mixedviT, konkretulad ris gamoa gulmokluli lirikuli gmiri? a) adamianTa borotebisa da bedis cvalebadobis gamo. b) kacTa siavisa da bedisadmi daumorCileblobis gamo. g) mudmivi Ziebisa da bedis brunvis gamo. d) wrfeli zraxvebisa da tragikuli bedis gamo.

(1) 7. ra gancda eufleba lirikul gmirs wminda siyvarulis uflisaTvis Sewirvis Sem-deg? (upasuxeT III strofis mixedviT).

a) sruli simartovis. b) usazRvro bednierebis. g) Rrma mwuxarebis. d) xorcieli siamovnebis.

(1) 8. III strofis mixedviT, rogor aRiqvamda lirikuli gmiri udabnoSi mdgar taZars? a) rogorc absurdul samyaros. b) rogorc groteskul samyaros. g) rogorc miuRebel samyaros. d) rogorc RvTaebriv samyaros.

(1) 9. leqsSi vkiTxulobT: `megona, vhxedav...~. ra egona lirikul gmirs? a) mas egona, rom dedamiwaze RvTaebrivi samyaros nawili ipova. b) mas egona, rom sasufeveli dedamiwaze ar SeiZleba arsebobdes. g) mas egona, rom warmosaxva realobaze bevrad ufro Rirebulia. d) mas egona, rom xedavs taZars, romlis moZebnac SeuZlebelia.

(1) 10. wuTisoflis ra Tvisebas usvams xazs avtori leqsis IV strofSi? a) momxibvlel mravalferovnebas. b) mosawyen erTferovnebas. g) tragikul cvalebadobas. d) warmtac maradiulobas.

(1) 11. ra mxatvruli saSualebaa gamoyenebuli sityvebSi: ùdabno Cemda mdumarebs~? a) gapirovneba. b) epiTeti. g) Sedareba. d) hiperbola.

(1) 12. V strofis mixedviT, ris gamo ar SeiZleboda gamqraliyo taZari? a) boroti sulis. b) drois msvlelobis. g) lampris Caqrobis. d) wuTisoflis muxTlobis.

(1) 13. VI strofis mixedviT, ras ar ZaluZs ocnebis taZris xelaxla ageba? a) lampars. b) rwmenas. g) sawuTros. d) siyvaruls.

(1) 14. ras gulisxmobs avtori striqonSi: `da daval oblad isev mwiri miusafari!~? a) lirikuli gmiri Tavs damarcxebulad grZnobs. b) lirikuli gmiri Tavs damcirebulad grZnobs. g) lirikuli gmiri Tavs martosulad grZnobs. d) lirikuli gmiri Tavs motyuebulad grZnobs.

(1) 15. oblobisa da miusafrobis garda, lirikuli gmiris kidev ra sulieri mdgomareo-bis Sesaxeb saubrobs avtori VI strofSi?

a) aRSfoTebis. b) gulgrilobis. g) uimedobis. d) SiSis.

(1) 16. ris Sesaxeb ar saubrobs nikoloz baraTaSvili am leqsSi? a) samSoblos siyvarulis. b) sawuTros cvalebadobis. g) wminda siyvarulis. d) wuTisoflis ulmoblobis.

(1) 17. ra aris am nawarmoebis umTavresi azri? a) adamiani ver aRwevs miwier didebas. b) adamiani ver aRwevs, rasac eswrafvis. g) adamiani ver kmayofildeba miRweuli warmatebiT. d) adamiani ver moipovebs saxalxo aRiarebas.














davaleba # 2

moTxrobaSi àntonio da daviTi~ jemal qarCxaZe gadmogvcems evropeli misioneris, antoniosa da qarTveli yaCaRis, daviTis, Sexvedris ambavs:

daviTma Tqva: _ antoniom gaicina. mere mSvidad ganagrZo: `geSinia. da Tu yels gamomWri, amasac

SiSis gamo Caiden. kaci kacs mxolod imitom Wris yels, rom eSinia. kacs iaraRi mxo-lod imitom daaqvs Tan, rom eSinia. kaci siaves mxolod imitom sCadis, rom eSinia. bo-rotebas boroti kacic iseve Tvlis usamarTlobad, rogorc keTili, da arc Caidenda, SiSs rom laCrad ar eqcia. laCari da boroti erTi da igivea. SiSi yvela adamians da-badebiTve Tan dahyveba, magram zogs hyofnis gambedaoba, Tvali gausworos Tavis SiSs, zogs ara. visac ar hyofnis, is laCari da usamarTlo xdeba. Tandayolili SiSi sikv-dilis SiSia da vinc SiSs batonad gaixdis, mas yvelaze mosafrTxilebeli amqveynad Tavisi sicocxle hgonia. Sen rom icode, Seni sicocxle imaze meti ara Rirs, vidre sxvisi, gana maSinac moklavdi kacs! Cven yvelani mSiSrebad ki vibadebiT, magram yvela-ni laCrebi ara varT. Sen laCari gamodeqi da SiSis daZlevas SiSis damalva amjobine, radgan SiSis damalva ufro advilia, vidre SiSis daZleva, mokvla ufro advilia, vidre gadarCena, gaZarcva ufro advilia, vidre daxmareba, waqceva ufro advilia, vid-re wamoyeneba, siZulvili ufro advilia, vidre siyvaruli. Sen Sens Tandayolil SiSs ver gauZeli, laCrad iqeci da ioli gza airCie. Sen yvelafris geSinia, rac Sens gare-Taa, amitom cdilob, rac Sens gareTaa, yvelaferi mospo, magram es SeuZlebelia. Tavs ar utydebi, Torem Tavadac ici, rom es SeuZlebelia. mTeli qveyana rom monad gaixa-do, rogorc Seni sulmdabali siZe gaixade monad, Sens SiSs mainc araferi eSveleba: nadirs xom ver gaixdi monad, stiqions xom ver daCagrav da daimorCileb, zvavs xom ver Seakaveb, warRvnas xom ver daemalebi, vulkans xom ver gaeqcevi? es ki ici, magram ggonia, rom, Tu Sens sacodav SiSs zemodan sxvaTa sicocxle daayare, sxvaTa tanjva-Si, sxvaTa cremlebSi, sxvaTa SeuracxyofaSi, sxvaTa ubedurebaSi gaaxvie, raki veRar dainaxav, Tavsac moityueb, viTom aRarc arsebobs. magram Seni mcdeloba mxolod Sens ususurobas adasturebs. Sen xom araferi iseTi ar Cagidenia, rasac SegiZlia simamace uwodo! Sen xom mudam imas Cagravdi, imas Zarcvavdi da imas klavdi, visi daCagvrac, vi-si gaZarcvaca da visi mokvlac advili iyo! Sen xom yovelTvis uxifaTo gzas eZebdi! es cixec xom imitom airCie sadgomad, rom Seni siZe advili dasamorCilebeli gamodga! Senze ufro Zliers rom gadaeyaro, xom maSinve samalavs dauwyeb Zebnas! Seni SiSi coc-xalia da ar iqneba erT mSvenier dRes mTeli ZaliT ar amoxeTqos, sisxlsa da xorc-Si ar gagijdes da mTeli Seni sacodavi arseba TxemiT terfamdis, Tmis Zirebamdis Si-Sad ar aqcios! me uiaraRod movedi aq, mkvlelebisa da yaCaRebis bunagSi, sadac ueWve-li sikvdili meloda, Sen ki axaluxis qveS dambaCa gqonda damaluli, roca eklesiaSi Semoxvedi, Tumca icodi, dabeCavebuli xalxi ubatonod xmis gacemas ver gagibedavda. Sen cdilob, yvela monad gaixado, Tavad ki sakuTari SiSis mona xar da mudam imas ake-Teb, rasac SiSi gibrZanebs. male Seni mbrZanebeli jurRmulidan amova, Tavze dagadge-ba da Tvals TvalSi gagiyris. maSin naxav, ra yofila is SiSi, sxvebisTvis rom ase gu-luxvad imetebdi! adre Tu gvian win Segeyreba da iseT adgilas giyelebs, gasaqcevi arsaiT geqneba. jalaTi rom saxrCobelaze agiyvans da moqanave yulfs dainaxav, rome-lic wamis Semdeg kiserze unda SemogeWdos, maSin mixvdebi, rom SiSis meti araferi yofilxar... SuaRamisas tyeSi rom martodmartos mglebis xrova irgvliv Semogexveva da nel-nela daiwyebs sasikvdilo wris Sekvras, maSin mixvdebi, rom SiSis meti arafe-ri yofilxar. diliT rom gaiRviZeb da dainaxav, Tavze mkvleli gadgas, romlis damba-Cis lula SublSi gaqvs mobjenili, maSin dainaxav, rom SiSis meti araferi yofilxar. RviniT savse jamis daclisas rom gul-muceli CageTuTqeba da igrZnob, Turme romeli-Rac Sensav amxanags sawamlavi Semouparebia, maSin mixvdebi, rom SiSis meti araferi yo-filxar. yvelze didi SiSi mere gelis, mas Semdeg, rac sikvdilis SiSi mogklavs. yve-laze didi SiSi maSin gelis, roca Seni codvebi matlebiviT dagexveva da Seni suli Svebis samyofelSi Svebas ver hpovebs. ai, amis saTqmelad movedi. axla SegiZlia dauZa-xo Sens ZaRlebs an Sens amxanagebs, romlebic Sens ZaRlebze ukeTesebi ar arian.~ anto-nio gaCumda. mec Cumad viyavi da sakuTar sxeuls vayuradebdi. iq sibrazis talRa, ro-melsac kargad vicnobdi, radgan Cems moqmedebas mudam is warmarTavda, ramdenjerme ai-zida, magram verc erTxel dasayrdeni ver ipova da amitom, ramdenjerac aizida, imden-jerve ukan daeSva...

antoniom Tqva: _ daviTi didxans, Zalian didxans TvalmouSoreblad miyurebda da saxis gamomety-

veleba swrafad da xSir-xSirad ecvleboda, TiTqos Tavis TavSi iseT Zalas eZebda, ro-melic eWvebs gaufantavda da mtkice gadawyvetilebamde miiyvanda. bolos, etyoba, ra-Rac ganzraxvaze SeCerda. wamiT Taviseburma cbierma da damcinavma Rimilma gadaurbina saxeze da yoymanmac gauara. msubuqad Setrialda, sarkmels miadga da zangs dauZaxa. mere isev mobrunda da kvlav me momaCerda. cota xnis Semdeg kari gaiRo da zRurblze zangi gamoCnda. daviTma TiTiT miixmo. roca zangi mis brZanebaze axlo mivida, xeli Cemken gamoiSvira da raRac uTxra. ra uTxra, ver gavige... mxolod xmis kiloTi da gamo-metyvelebiT Tu mivxvdebodi, raze elaparakeboda. xmis kilo mwyrali hqonda, saxe mkac-ri, Subli SeWmuxnili. TvalebSi risxva edga. zangma pasuxad Tavi dauqnia... mere xeliT

kari maniSna da TviTonac ukan gamomyva. es Zalian mZime wuTebi iyo... ZaRlebi WiSkris-ken mimavali bilikis zemoT Cacucquliyvnen. rom gavuswordiT, yurebi dacqvites da Ta-vebi wamoswies. me, Cemdauneburad, Sevdeqi, zangma, romelmac Cemi SeCereba, Cans Tavisebu-rad gaigo, ZaRlebs raRac uTxra. ZaRlebma yurebi isev dauSves. zangma win gadamiswro da WiSkrisken wavida. mec ukan gavyevi, Tumca wamiTac ar damijerebia, rom aqedan cocx-lad gaSvebas mipirebdnen. roca zangma WiSkari gaaRo da mis saxeze raRac Rimilis msgavsi gaCnda, jer kidev veragobas movelodi. mxolod maSin, cxenze rom Sevjeqi, ci-xis galavans gamovcdi da zangma, romliskenac vcdilobdi ar mimexeda, Cems zurgsukan xmauriT daxura WiSkari, mivxvdi, rom sikvdilis SiSi Turme jer kidev ver dameZlia.



(1) 3. jemal qarCxaZis teqstis es monakveTi warmoadgens: a) ori pirovnebis dialogis nawyvets. b) ori pirovnebis megobrobis istorias. g) ori pirovnebis SebrZolebis ambavs. d) ori pirovnebis Tavgadasavlis Txrobas.

(1) 4. antonios azriT, ris gamo sCadis adamiani borotebas? a) siZulvilis. b) Suris. g) SiSis. d) sircxvilis.

(1) 5. visac `hyofnis gambedaoba, Tvali gausworos Tavis SiSs~, a) mas ar SeuZlia gauZlos mosalodnel gansacdels. b) is laCari da usamarTlo arasodes gaxdeba. g) mas yvelaze mosafrTxilebeli Tavisi cxovreba hgonia. d) is SesaZloa sastiki da usamarTlo gaxdes.

(1) 6. antonios azriT, ra amjobina daviTma SiSis daZlevas? a) SiSis damalva. b) sxvisadmi morCileba. g) cxovrebisagan gandgoma. d) usamarTlobasTan brZola.

(1) 7. raze migvaniSnebs antonio sityvebiT: `siZulvili ufro advilia, vidre siyvaruli~? a) sikeTe qveyanas ufro gamoadgeba, vidre _ boroteba. b) sikeTis keTeba ufro Znelia, vidre _ borotebisa. g) sikeTes xalxi ufro daafasebs, vidre _ borotebas. d) sikeTis keTeba ufro sasiamovnoa, vidre _ borotebisa.

(1) 8. antonios azriT, ram ganapiroba daviTis yaCaRad qceva? a) daviTma ver gabeda sazogadoebasTan dapirispireba da ioli gza airCia. b) daviTma ver irwmuna RmerTi da borotebis gzas daadga. g) daviTma ver gauZlo Tandayolil SiSs da umZimes gzas daadga. d) daviTma ver gauZlo Tandayolil SiSs da ioli gza airCia.

(1) 9. ras eloda antonio, rodesac yaCaRTa bunagSi uiaraRod midioda? a) gardauval sikvdils. b) guliTad maspinZlobas. g) daviTis monaniebas. d) yuradRebiT mosmenas.

(1) 10. romeli argumentiT asabuTebs antonio, rom daviTi mSiSaraa? a) `win Segeyreba da iseT adgilas giyelebs, gasaqcevi arsaiT geqneba~. b) ìcodi, dabeCavebuli xalxi ubatonod xmis gacemas ver gagibedavda~. g) àxaluxis qveS dambaCa gqonda damaluli, roca eklesiaSi Semoxvedi~. d) `cixec imitom airCie sadgomad, rom Seni siZe advili dasamorCilebeli gamodga~.

(1) 11. antonios azriT, sad moelis yvelaze didi SiSi daviTs? a) saiqioSi. b) sapyrobileSi. g) saxrCobelaze. d) tyeSi.

(1) 12. romel frazaSi iyenebs avtori metaforas? a) `Senze ufro Zliers rom gadaeyaro, xom maSinve samalavs dauwyeb Zebnas!~ b) `sibrazis talRa, romelsac kargad vicnobdi... ramdenjerme aizida~. g) àxla SegiZlia dauZaxo... Sens amxanagebs, romlebic ZaRlebze ukeTesebi ar arian~. d) `miyurebda da saxis gamometyveleba swrafad da xSir-xSirad ecvleboda~.

(1) 13. ras gulisxmobs antonio, rodesac ambobs: ès Zalian mZime wuTebi iyo~? a) daviTma veraferi gaigo. b) daviTi Canafiqrs miuxvda. g) yaCaRi axloblebs dauxocavda. d) cocxals ar datovebdnen.

(1) 14. rodis mixvda antonio, rom sikvdils gadaurCa? a) rodesac gaiazra, rom sikvdilis SiSi daZlia. b) rodesac dainaxa, rom daviTi kmayofili iyo. g) rodesac cxenze amxedrebuli yaCaRTa cixes gascda. d) rodesac cxenze amxedrebuli sakuTar saxls miuaxlovda.

(1) 15. antonios ra Tvisebebi Cans am teqstSi? a) moxerxebuloba da mimtevebloba. b) sikeTe da Tavmdabloba. g) mWevrmetyveleba da gambedaoba. d) sibrZne da iumori.

(1) 16. sakuTari Tavis mimarT antonios ra damokidebuleba Cans frazaSi: `sikvdilis SiSi Turme jer kidev ver dameZlia~?

a) kritikuli. b) kmayofili. g) ironiuli. d) mimtevebluri.

(1) 17. ris Sesaxeb ar aris saubari am teqstSi? a) miutevebeli codvis. b) samSoblos siyvarulis. g) sikvdilis SiSis. d) Cadenili danaSaulis.











imsjeleT antonios mxatvruli saxis Sesaxeb.



Savi samuSaosaTvis

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mixeil TamaraSvili daibada 1858 wels axalcixeSi. TamaraSvilma sasuliero ganaT-leba evropis ramdenime qveynebSi miiRo. samSobloSi dabrunebis Semdeg igi Tbilisis miZinebis taZaris mRvdlad gaamweses. TamaraSvils romelmac aqtiuri moRvaweobiT mi-iqcia yuradReba, xelisuflebam samSobloSi mRvdel-msaxurebis ufleba CamoarTves da moxda misi Tbilisidan gaZeveba. TamaraSvili romSi gaemgzavra da swavla ganagrZo sa-suliero akademiaSi. saswavleblis damTavrebis Semdeg mas RvTismetyvelebis doqto-ris wodeba mianiWes da amave akademiis profesori gaxda.

TamaraSvili guldasmiT ecnoboda ucxoeTSi dacul istoriul masalebs radgan obieqturad gamoekvlia saqarTvelos warsuli. 1910 wels gamovida misi wigni `qarTuli eklesia dasabamidan dRemde~. es iyo fundamenturi naSromi rac sazogadoebas Cveni qvey-nis istorias acnobda. wignSi Tavmoyrilia evropis arqivebSi moZiebuli uaRresad sayu-radRebo wyaroebi. amis gamo mas dRemde ar daukargia mecnieruli Rirebuleba. TamaraS-vili iyo erT-erTi yvelaze pirveli mkvlevari, romelmac evropeli mkiTxveli saqar-Tvelos istoriasa da kulturas aziara. garda amisa man SesZlo cnobebis moZieba sul-xan-saba orbelianis evropaSi mogzaurobis Sesaxeb. samwuxarod, TamaraSvilis cxovre-ba tragikulaT dasrulda. 1911 wels man italiis erT zRvispira qalaqSi daxrCobidan ixsna ucnobi adamiani TviTon ki daiRupa.DoTxmoci wlis Semdeg 1978 wels, misi neSti qarTul miwas miabares.

Savi samuSaosaTvis

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sazogadoebis nawili miiCnevs, rom axalgazrdebis msoflmxedvelobis Camoyalibe-baSi umniSvnelovanes rols asrulebs televizia.




Savi samuSaosaTvis

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davaleba # 1

yuradRebiT waikiTxeT nikoloz baraTaSvilis leqsi `fiqrni mtkvris pirzed~: I. warved wyalis pirs sevdiani fiqrT gasarTvelad, aq veZiebdi nacnobs adgils gansasveneblad; aq lbils mdelozed sanugeSod viname cremliT, aqac yoveli aremare iyo mowyeniT; nelad moRelavs modudune mtkvari ankara da mis zvirTebSi krTis laJvardi cisa kamara.

II. idayv-dayrdnobil yurs ugdeb me missa Cxrialsa da Tvalni rbian Sorad, Sorad, cis dasavalsa! vin icis, mtkvaro, ras butbuteb, visTvis ras ityvi? mraval droebis mowame xar, magram xar utyvi!..

III. ar vici, am dros Cems winaSe Cveni cxovreba rad iyo fuWi da mxoloda amaoeba?.. mainc ra aris Cveni yofa _ wuTisofeli, Tu ara oden sawyauli aRuvsebeli? vin aris igi, vis Tvis guli erTxel aRevsos, da rac mieRos erTxel natvriT, isi ekmaros?

IV. TviTon mefenic uZlevelni, romelT umaRles arc vinRa aris, da winaSe arc vin aRudges, romelT xelT epyrasT umaRlesi soflis dideba, SfoTven da drtvinven da ityvian: `rodis iqneba, is samefoca Cveni iyos?~ da aRiZvrian imav miwisTvis, rac dRes Tu xval TviTve arian!..

V. Tund keTil mefe rodis aris mosvenebuli? misi sicocxle: zrunva, Sroma da cda qebuli; misi fiqria, Tu viT ukeT man upatronos Taviss mamulsa, TvisTa SvilTa, rom Semdgomsa dros ar misces wyeviT Tvis saxeli STamomavlobas!.. magram Tu erTxel unda sofels bolo moeRos, maSin viRam sTqvas maTi saqme, vin sadRa iyos?..

VI. magram radganac kacni gvqvian _ Svilni soflisa, unda kideca mivdioT mas, gvesmas mSoblisa. arc kaci varga, rom cocxali mkvdarsa emsgavsos, iyos sofelSi da soflisTvis ara izrunvos!



(1) 3. ra mizniT gaemarTa lirikuli gmiri mdinaris napirisaken? a) bunebis silamazis SesagrZnobad. b) `lbils mdelozed~ dasasveneblad. g) nacnobi adgilebis mosanaxuleblad. d) sulieri simSvidis mosapoveblad.

(1) 4. I strofis romeli striqoni gamoxatavs azrs, rom buneba lirikuli gmiris gu-neba-ganwyobilebis Tanaziaria?

a) I striqoni. b) II striqoni. g) III striqoni. d) IV striqoni.

(1) 5. II strofis mixedviT, saiT gaurbis mzera lirikul gmirs? a) varskvlavebisaken. b) zecisaken. g) mtkvrisaken. d) horizontisaken.

(1) 6. romel striqonSia gamoyenebuli gapirovneba? a) àq veZiebdi nacnobs adgils gansasveneblad~. b) àq lbils mdelozed sanugeSod viname cremliT~. g) `vin icis, mtkvaro, ras butbuteb, visTvis ras ityvi?~ d) `Tund keTil mefe rodis aris mosvenebuli?~

(1) 7. ra aris II strofis mTavari saTqmeli? a) mtkvari bevris mnaxvelia, Tumca adamians misi ar esmis. b) mtkvari `cis dasavalis~ Semdegac agrZelebs Tavis gzas. g) mtkvris butbuti sasiamovno mosasmenia da misi gageba iolia. d) mtkvris zvirTebSi krTis misi amwvanebuli napirebi da `cisa kamara~.

(1) 8. avtoris azriT, rogoria adamianTa arseboba? (upasuxeT III strofis mixedviT). a) ocnebasa da natvras moklebuli. b) sawuTrosTan brZoliT aRsavse. g) Rirebuli da gonierebiT aRsavse. d) yovelgvar azrs moklebuli.

(1) 9. romeli fraza azustebs avtoris azrs: àr vici, am dros Cems winaSe Cveni cxov-reba rad iyo fuWi da mxoloda amaoeba?..~

a) `vin icis, mtkvaro, ras butbuteb, visTvis ras ityvi?~ b) `mainc ra aris Cveni yofa _ wuTisofeli, Tu ara oden sawyauli aRuvsebeli?~ g) `rodis iqneba, is samefoca Cveni iyos?~ d) `Tund keTil mefe rodis aris mosvenebuli?~

(1) 10. ras miemarTeba sityvebi: `sawyauli aRuvsebeli~? a) imeds. b) momavals. g) tanjvas. d) cxovrebas.

(1) 11. ratom iwyebs avtori IV strofSi mefeebis Sesaxeb saubars? (upasuxeT III strofSi gamoTqmuli mosazrebebis gaTvaliswinebiT).

a) mefeebi yvelaze naklebad arian Sepyrobilni keTili survilebiT. b) mefeebi yvelaze ufro arian Sepyrobilni boroti survilebiT. g) mefeebs yvelaze didi Zalaufleba upyriaT xelT. d) mefeebs yvelaze meti survili darCaT ausrulebeli.

(1) 12. ris gamo `SfoTven da drtvinven~ mefeebi? a) maradiuli sicocxlis mopovebis gamo. b) cxovrebis sisastikis gacnobierebis gamo. g) Zalauflebis gafarToebis survilis gamo. d) wuTisoflis gardauvali warmavlobis gamo.

(1) 13. V strofis mixedviT, ratom kargavs azrs `keTili mefis~ moRvaweoba? a) mefeebs mainc wyevliT moigoneben. b) mefeebs STamomavloba ar daafasebs.

g) samyaro isedac dasaRupavadaa ganwiruli. d) samyaroSi adamiani verafers Secvlis.

(1) 14. VI strofis mixedviT, vin aris adamiani? a) bunebis moamage. b) samSoblos erTguli. g) RvTis morCili. d) wuTisoflis Svili.

(1) 15. ras gulisxmobs avtori sityvebSi: ùnda kideca mivdioT mas, gvesmas mSoblisa~? a) adamianma mefeTa kanonebiT unda icxovros. b) adamianma sasufevlis kanonebiT unda icxovros. g) adamianma winaparTa kanonebiT unda icxovros. d) adamianma wuTisoflis kanonebiT unda icxovros.

(1) 16. ris Sesaxeb ar saubrobs nikoloz baraTaSvili am leqsSi? a) adamianis daniSnulebis. b) mefeTa Rvawlis. g) samSoblos siyvarulis. d) cxovrebis amaoebis.

(1) 17. ra aris am nawarmoebis umTavresi azri? a) wuTisoflis amaoeba adamians aiZulebs, `rom cocxali mkvdarsa emsgavsos~. b) wuTisoflis amaoeba adamians muyaiT da aqtiur cxovrebas aiZulebs. g) wuTisoflis amaoebis gamo adamianma amqveyniurobaze aRar unda izrunos. d) wuTisoflis amaoebis miuxedavad, adamianma unda izrunos amqveyniur cxovrebaze.














davaleba # 2

romanSi `samoseli pirveli~ guram doCanaSvili mogviTxrobs: da rogorc iqna, naSuaRamevs, namdvili Tovlic movida, qvafenilTa siTbos momrevi,

rbilad brWyvialebda farnis Suqze... ah, rogor Tovda lamaz-qalaqSi, msubuqad ido saxuravebze, TeTrad aCenda aqa-iq xeebs, peSvze loya edoT lamaz-qalaqelebs, eZinaT...

ucnaur Svebas grZnobdnen bundovani, TeTri sizmrebidan TavdaRweuli lamaz-qala-qelebi: Tvals axeldnen da maSinve fanjrisken gaurbodaT mzera _ ucxo sinaTle idga oTaxSi, fexSiSvelni midiodnen fanjarasTan perangisamara qalebi da Tovlis danaxva-ze TiTqos umkvrivdebodaT gamWvirvale perangebidan gamomzirali madliani nakvTebi _ Tovli mosula! uceb, erTbaSad iRviZebdnen da lamaz-qalaqSi aTasgan TeTrad feTqde-boda gaocebul TvalebSi Tovli, magrad SefuTvnili, ToTo bavSvebic mihyavdaT de-debs fanjarasTan da isinic TvaldaWyetilni Sescqerodnen ucnob siTeTres da gaoce-bisagan patara TiTebs aRar loRnidnen _ zogi axlaRa xedavda pirvel Tovls, zogic, vin icis, meramdened da yvelas uxaroda... aCqarebulni sauzmobdnen da quCaSi garbod-nen, bevrs lukmac ar Casvlia pirSi, ise gamovida lamaz-qalaqSi, viRacas moxvda vinsen-tes xeliT nasroli gunda, mamida ariadnamac ki vadaze adre gaiRviZa _ gakvirvebul-ma, vadaze adre daafaxula sqlad SeRebili wamwamebi da netarebiT Tqva: àh, brr...~ isev, kvlav Tovda! dRis sinaTleze xalisianad eSvebodnen didi, daCvretili, msubuqi fifqebi da iseTi laRi, ise Tamami gundaoba gaimarTa! darbaisel senior juliosac zed kinkrixoSi moxvda gunda da wowola qudi gadauvarda. magram julios ara swyenia, cilio moxdenilad styorcnida pawia gundebs mxolod lamazebs, antoniosTvis erTi iyo yvela da juzepemac, gaxarebulma, mTeli peSvi Tovli ituca pirSi. cigebiT mosri-alebdnen loyebawiTlebuli bavSvebi, da saeWvo daRmarTTan mdgarma mamida ariadnam nazad iTxova: `geTayvaT, duilio, momaSveleT raa, mklavi...~ magram duilio Tavad wa-iqca, TovaSi gawkrialda konCentinas laRi sicili, `gamikeTeT, ra, gunda, xelebi game-yina,~ ixveweboda viRac qali da aleqsandro gaxarebuli Sescqeroda bednier, saxegabr-wyinebul lamaz-qalaqelebs...

gorakebisken gaemarTnen, maRal fiWvebze sqlad ido Tovli, didian-patarianad, ci-gebiT eSvebodnen, da ise bednierad, ise Zalumad gaismoda ayiravebulTa sicili... dino moqroda TvalmoWutuli, erTianad awuruli, yvelafrisadmi mzadmyofi, gzadagza moxer-xebulad icdenda gundebs, Tokgamobmuli cigebiT daaseirnebdnen jer fexaudgmel bav-Svebs, momcro xeebs ajanjRarebdnen da Tovls ayridnen erTmaneTs Tavze, im TeTri bednierebiT pirTamde bednierni, da mxolod saseirnod gamoyvanili ugo, TxuTmeti wlis giJi, siZulviliT Sescqeroda yvelas da xmadabla butbutebda: `wiTeli sisxli... wiTeli, Tovlze...~ magram misi xma arc gaugiaT, Jriamulobdnen... da domenikos danaxva-ze ugo maSinve aiZurwa da fexakrefiT gaipara Sin, domeniko ki modioda, gabruebuli im wminda haeriT, mis sofelSi rom icoda da, lurj mosasxamSi gaxveuli, Txeli, maRa-li, ucxo qalaqSi pirvel Tovlze miabijebda. `SexeT, SexedeT, ra lamazad eSvebian fifqebi, _ iZaxda duilio, _ gana sacodaoba ar aris, silamazis muzeumSi rom ar imyo-febian isini? _ da daayola, _ wyarodan Wiqas nu wamoiReb!~ àman rom ar Cagvamwaros...~ _ aimriza aleqsandro, norCi janjakomo ki, awiTlebuli, sadRac mRelvared iyureboda da iqiTkenve iyureboda cilio, msunagi, akrefili. tereza modioda.

is modioda laRi, Tamami, da raRac sicelqe aSkarad Caexvia gulSi _ mwvane Tvale-bi ise ubzinavda. daTovlil gorakze adioda tereza, odnav wingadaxrili, cali xeliT doinji Semoeyara, meores ki lamazad arwevda yoveli moxdenili nabijisTanave. grZe-li qurqi ecva, didi, mamiseuli tlanqi Ceqmebi da mainc ise moxdenilad, iseTi rweviT amodioda... sqeli Tavsafari magrad gaenaskva yelze, tuCebmokumuli, Rimils ZlivsZli-vobiT ikavebda da pawia foso jiutad aCnda mxolod cal, susxiT nazad Seferil lo-yaze, Txeli, faqizi nestoebi siciveSi TiTqos uTrToda.

tereza amodioda gorakze, tereza, TaviT-fexamde qali, laRi, Tavneba da qaluro-biT mainc tansacmlianad gaJRenTili, ucnauri, axirebuli moZraobebi TiTqos aSiSv-

lebdnen gaognebuli mamakacebis TvalSi da uu, rogor sZuldaT suyvelaferi, rac ki terezas im susxian diliT ecva. qali amodioda TovlSi, axalgazrda, bednieri qvrivi, da arafrisa dardi ara hqonda, moabijebda. is goraki rom amoiara, Sedga, uneburad wre Semoartyes, terezam ki Tavsafari Seixsna, qurqi moiReRa, Ceqmiani fexi Ronivrad dahkra Tovlze da xeli SemarTa. gaocebulni umzerdnen, terezam ki fexebi aaTamaSa Tovlze, SeCerda da... TeZoze dairtya xeli. mere Sebrunda, mxari loyamde azida, xe-lebi ganze gaSala, fexis wverebze aiwia da, uecrad mkerdze xelebmixutebuli, adgil-ze gaqvavda. da sanam gaocebuli lamaz-qalaqelebi daWyetil Tvalebs daaxamxamebdnen, tereza odnav, msubuqad Sexta da yvelani erTad mixvdnen _ cekvavda qali. tereza cek-vavda pirvel Tovlze, mxolod misTvis gasagebi bednierebiT bednieri, tereza cekvav-da romeliRac ucnob, saxeldaxelod gamogonil cekvas, grZeli Tma ufrialebda, ucax-caxebda mxrebi, erTianadac caxcaxebda da gamwarebuli iRimeboda cekvisas Tvaldaxu-Wuli qali da irgvliv _ Tovda... didi CeqmebiT tkepnida Tovls acekvebuli qali _ tereza da is arnaxuli xelebis qneva sxvas Tu sasacilos gaxdida, terezas ucnauri, yovlis momrevi sisastikiT amSvenebda, qali cekvavda maT Tvalwin, wreSi, gamaRiziane-beli, Casaqoli da mainc TiTs vin daakarebda _ yvelas uyvarda, da sZuldaT kidec _ cekvisas ise ucnaurad amaRlebuli da miuwvdomeli, is ki SeCerda, odnav ukan gadai-xara, moqanculma, marcxena xeli TiTqos Zlivs aswia, grZeli, moqnili, wvetiani TiTe-bi domenikosken gaiSvira da imisTvis zedac ar Seuxedavs, siCumeSi xalxs im Tavisi lamazi, dabali xmiT ase uTxra:

es biWi momwons...



(1) 3. ra ganwyoba daeuflaT `lamaz-qalaqelebs~ Tovlis danaxvisas? a) gaogneba da sinanuli. b) gaogneba da SeSfoTeba. g) gaoceba da siZulvili. d) gaoceba da sixaruli.

(1) 4. romel frazaSia gamoyenebuli metafora? a) `gaocebisagan patara TiTebs aRar loRnidnen~. b) `fexSiSvelni midiodnen fanjarasTan perangisamara qalebi~. g) ìsinic TvaldaWyetilni Sescqerodnen ucnob siTeTres~. d) `TeTrad feTqdeboda gaocebul TvalebSi Tovli~.

(1) 5. rogori warmodgena SeiZleba Seeqmnas mkiTxvels mamida ariadnas Sesaxeb? a) eWviania. b) laRia. g) mowyenilia. d) keklucia.

(1) 6. ra qmnis kontrasts sayovelTao mxiarulebis fonze? a) aleqsandros reaqcia qalaqelebis saqcielze. b) konCentinas usafuZvlo mxiaruleba. g) TxuTmeti wlis giJis sityvebi. d) mosasxamSi gaxveuli domenikos gamoCena.

(1) 7. raze migvaniSnebs avtori duilios sityvebiT? a) es personaJi yuradRebis miqcevas maRalfardovnobiT cdilobs. b) es personaJi yuradRebis miqcevas simamaciT cdilobs. g) es personaJi yuradRebis miqcevas moxerxebulobiT cdilobs. d) es personaJi yuradRebis miqcevas TavazianobiT cdilobs.

(1) 8. aleqsandros ra damokidebuleba mJRavndeba duilios Sesaxeb naTqvam sityvebSi? a) aleqsandros megobrad miaCnia duilio. b) aleqsandros uyvars duilio. g) aleqsandros mtrad miaCnia duilio. d) aleqsandros aRizianebs duilio.

(1) 9. ra ganapirobebs moqalaqeTa ganwyobilebis Secvlas? a) sayovelTao mxiaruleba. b) terezas gamoCena. g) domenikos gamoCena. d) SeuCerebeli Tova.

(1) 10. romeli sityvebi afiqrebinebs mkiTxvels, rom raRac uCveulo unda moxdes? a) ècva didi, mamiseuli tlanqi Ceqmebi~. b) `faqizi nestoebi siciveSi TiTqos uTrToda~. g) `cali xeliT doinji Semoeyara~. d) `raRac sicelqe aSkarad Caexvia gulSi~.

(1) 11. romeli fraza mianiSnebs mkiTxvels, rom tereza Zalian lamazi qalia? a) `sqeli Tavsafari magrad gamoenaskva yelze~. b) `tuCebmokumuli, Rimils ZlivsZlivobiT ikavebda~. g) `sZuldaT suyvelaferi, rac ki terezas im susxian diliT ecva~. d) `qali amodioda TovlSi, axalgazrda, bednieri qvrivi~.

(1) 12. ratom unda iyos tereza darwmunebuli, rom aseTi ucnauri saqcielis gamo ara-vin dascinebs?

a) kargad icis, rom `lamaz-qalaqelebs~ iumoris grZnoba ara aqvT. b) kargad icis, rom yvela erideba da verafers gaubedaven. g) kargad icis, rom Zalian lamazia da yvelas moswons. d) kargad icis, rom moqalaqeebi qalis dacinvas ar ikadreben.

(1) 13. tropuli metyvelebis romeli saxeobaa gamoyenebuli sityvebSi: `daCvretili fifqebi~?

a) hiperbola. b) gapirovneba. g) epiTeti. d) Sedareba.

(1) 14. ratom iyvnen `lamaz-qalaqelebi~ gaocebulni da TvalebdaWyetilni? a) isini mojadoebulni iyvnen terezas cekviT. b) isini moxiblulni iyvnen terezas silamaziT. g) maT ver daijeres, rom terezas domeniko moswonda. d) isini ver mixvdnen, ras akeTebda tereza.

(1) 15. ra iwvevs grZnobaTa amgvar gaorebas: `yvelas uyvarda, da sZuldaT kidec~? a) tereza cdilobs domenikos moawonos Tavi, rac sxvebs abrazebs. b) tereza Tavs awonebs da Segnebulad aRizianebs `lamaz-qalaqis~ mamakacebs. g) tereza Tavs awonebs domenikos, rom Semdeg erTgul ymad gaixados. d) tereza saocrad izidavs mamakacebs, magram qali miuwvdomelia maTTvis.

(1) 16. terezas ra Tviseba Cans am teqstSi? a) Tavmdabloba. b) Tavdadeba. g) Tavdajerebuloba. d) TavdaWeriloba.

(1) 17. ris Sesaxeb ar aris saubari am teqstSi? a) domenikos mimarT terezas damokidebulebis Sesaxeb. b) pirveli TovliT gamowveuli sixarulis Sesaxeb. g) duilios mimarT aleqsandros damokidebulebis Sesaxeb. d) samSoblos siyvaruliT gamowveuli bednierebis Sesaxeb.











imsjeleT terezas mxatvruli saxis Sesaxeb.


CamoayalibeT Tqveni pirovnuli damokidebuleba teqstis mTavari saTqmelis mimarT. Tqveni Tvalsazrisi daasabuTeT!

Savi samuSaosaTvis

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eqvTime TayaiSvili daibada 1863 wels sofel lixaurSi. quTaisis klasikur gimnazi-is dasrulebis Semdeg man swavla ganagrZo peterburgis universitetSi. 1887 wels igi samSobloSi dabrunda da Tbilisis gimnaziaSi maswavlebelad daiwyo muSaoba. TayaiSvi-li aqtiurad monawileobda ara-erT arqeologiur eqspediciebSi. man daaarsa saisto-rio-saeTnografio sazogadoeba rasac ToTxmeti wlis ganmavlobaSi xelmZRvanelobda. es sazogadoeba miznaT isaxavda gaCanagebidan exsna Cveni kulturuli memkvidreoba. eqv-Time TayaiSvili gaxldaT saqarTvelos demokratiuli respublikis damfuZnebeli kre-bis Tavmjdomaris moadgile. igi iyo Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis erT-erTi da-maarsebelTagani.

1921 wels saqarTvelos mTavroba iZulebuli gaxda, rom emigraciaSi wasuliyo da Tan waeRo samuzeumo Zvirfaseuloba. oficialurad ganZis mesakuTre mTavroba iyo Tum-ca erovnul saganZurs faqtobrivad eqvTime TayaiSvili meurveobda. miuxedavad prob-lemebisa eqvTimem yvelaferi gaakeTa radgan Rirseulad Seesrulebia es Zalze umniSv-nelovanesi misia. safrangeTSi igi ganagrZobda nayofier samecniero moRvaweobas. 1925 wels moxda misi arCeva aziis Semswavleli samecniero sazogadoebis namdvil wevrad. meore msoflio omis dasrulebis Semdeg rodesac SesaZlebeli gaxda Cveni saganZuris samSobloSi Camotana eqvTime TayaiSvili TbilisSi dabrunda. mecnieri gardaicvala 1953 wels. saqarTvelos eklesiam 2002 wels igi wmindanad Sehracxa.

Savi samuSaosaTvis

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sazogadoebis nawili miiCnevs, rom sityvis Tavisufleba ufro mniSvnelovania, vid-re adamianis piradi cxovrebis xelSeuxebloba.




Savi samuSaosaTvis

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4



davaleba # 1

yuradRebiT waikiTxeT grigol orbelianis leqsi `saRamo gamosalmebisa~: I. mze Caesvena: mis Suqi gamosalmis Jams kavkassa, Tavsa exveva alersiT, viT qali mamas moxucsa! bumberaz mTani mdumared caTamdis ayudebulni, hsxedan, viT devni, spetakis yinul-gvirgviniT Semkulni!

II. maT kldovan gverdTa Savada Rrubelni zed dahswolian da mrisxanebiT qveyanas warRvniTa emuqrebian. gazafxulisa veliTa tye, Semosili simwvaniT, mTebisa kalTebs Seamkobs satkbo sunnelTa mofeniT. wyalni, mTiT daqanebulni, almasebr ufskruls hscvivian, Tergi hrbis, Tergi Rrialebs, kldeni bans eubnebian!

III. Sewuxebuli vumzer gzas da masze etlsa mimsrbolsa, mimtacsa yovlis keTilis, raca gvaqvs ama sofelsa, raca gviSvenebs sicocxles zeciurisa sxiviTa da aRgvamaRlebs am sofliT sulisa aRmafreniTa!

IV. midixar, satrfov, mSvidobiT! marad dRe Cemi kurTxeva cad mimarT SenTvis meqneba, vidremdis suli meleva. arRa aamon aw TvalTa guli Senisa xilviTa, warvides Cemi sicocxle uSenod SromiT, zrunviTa.

V. etli hrbis, satrfo mSordebis... Tana hsdevs Cemi mas suli, vmzer... Sors ZlivsRa hsCans... aRar hsCans... raRasa vumzer Smagqmnili? siSoris nislma mihfara TvalTagan etli mimsrboli, da guliT oxrva simwaris aRmouteve unebli...

VI. mSvidobiT! vinca damatkbe sicocxlis netarebiTa, aw visTvis guli mikvnesis, suli hwuxs ganSorebiTa. vis xilva arRa Semmosavs sixarulisa naTliTa, ar ganmasvenebs mwuxares alersis xmiTa tkbiliTa!

VII. magram am sofels Sens garda vina myavs manugeSeblad, rom Senc ganmSordi, damtove, mwuxarebisa me msxverplad? waxvel, warmtace yoveli saamebeli sulisa, da vin ganmiRos aw kari bedisa dakargulisa?

VIII. an me ugunurs, rad mrwamda bedisa dausruleba? aw davhSTi, martod... mSvidobiT! Sens guls nu hSordes mSvidoba! ars mwuxareba sulisa, ar aqvs nugeSi romelsa, hsjobs ena hsdumdes, xma Seswydes, moTqmiT ra ergos gulwylulsa?

IX. SeRamda... marto vzi WmunviT; Cemi Civili vis esmis? dayruvda are... mxoloda xma ismis zogjer guSagis. mxolod hsCans, mTani mdumared ayudebulan caTamdis, da yazibegsa saamod zeda varskvlavi dahnaTis! wyalni, mTiT daqanebulni, ufskrulsa ikargebian, Tergi hrbis, Tergi Rrialebs, kldeni bans eubnebian!



(1) 3. ra SeiZleba iyos moxuci mamisa da mTebis Sedarebis safuZveli? a) moxuci mama da kavkasionis mTebi erTnairad Zvirfasia avtorisaTvis. b) moxuci mama iseve gaaTeTra siberem, rogorc mTebi _ Tovlma. g) moxuci mama iseve xandazmulia, rogorc beberi mTebi. d) moxuci mamaca da kavkasionis mTebic drom gaaTeTra.

(1) 4. rogor aRwers avtori kavkasionis kldeebs leqsis II strofSi? a) kldeebi, mrisxane Tergis SxefebiT dasvelebuli, almasebiviT brwyinavs. b) kldeebi mrisxaneni arian da qveyanas warRvniT emuqrebian. g) kldeebma mrisxaneba daiviwyes da mwvaned aubibindaT kalTebi. d) kldeebs mrisxane da Savi Rrublebi Semoxvevia gars.

(1) 5. II strofis romel striqonSia gamoyenebuli Sedareba? a) III striqonSi. b) IV striqonSi. g) V striqonSi. d) VI striqonSi.

(1) 6. III strofis mixedviT, ras warmoadgens lirikuli gmirisaTvis siyvaruli? a) amqveyniuri sikeTiT damatkbobel gancdas. b) samSoblos monatrebis mtkivneul grZnobas. g) wuTisoflis amaoebaze amaRlebis saSualebas. d) wuxilisa da tanjvis mudmiv mizezs.

(1) 7. III strofis mixedviT, ra SeiZleba akavSirebdes adamians zeciur harmoniasTan? a) aRmafrena. b) rwmena. g) sikeTe. d) siyvaruli.

(1) 8. ris simbolos warmoadgens `mimsrboli etli~? a) megobris gamgzavrebis. b) megobris daRupvis. g) siyvarulis dabrunebis. d) siyvarulis dakargvis.

(1) 9. ras hpirdeba lirikuli gmiri mijnurs IV strofSi? a) aRarasodes daiviwyebs mis mSvenier Tvalebs. b) mTeli sicocxle masze izrunebs. g) misi sicocxle SromaSi Caivlis. d) sicocxlis bolomde misTvis ilocebs.

(1) 10. ra miznis miRweva surs avtors striqoniT: `vmzer... Sors ZlivsRa hsCans... aRar hsCans... raRasa vumzer Smagqmnili?~

a) Seqmnas megobarTan gamoTxovebis sevdiani suraTi. b) Seqmnas samSoblosTan ganSorebis dinamikuri suraTi.

g) Seqmnas satrfosTan ganSorebis dinamikuri suraTi. d) Seqmnas siWabukesTan gamoTxovebis tragikuli suraTi.

(1) 11. vis mimarTavs lirikuli gmiri VI strofSi? a) samSoblos. b) satrfos. g) ufals. d) RvTismSobels.

(1) 12. lirikuli gmiris ra gancdas gamoxatavs striqoni: `da vin ganmiRos aw kari be-disa dakargulisa?~

a) aRSfoTebas. b) gaognebas. g) mrisxanebas. d) sasowarkveTas.

(1) 13. ra igulisxmeba VIII strofis I striqonSi? a) ugunurebaa gjerodes, rom bedi aucileblad gimuxTlebs. b) ugunurebaa gjerodes, rom bedniereba dausrulebelia. g) ugunurebaa gjerodes, rom siyvaruli ar arsebobs. d) ugunurebaa gjerodes, rom siyvaruli netarebaa.

(1) 14. riT aris gamowveuli mwuxareba, àr aqvs nugeSi romelsa~? a) megobris dakargviT. b) rwmenis dakargviT. g) samSoblos dakargviT. d) siyvarulis dakargviT.

(1) 15. ra qmnis kontrasts IX strofSi? a) garindebuli are da Tergis Rriali. b) garindebuli are da mdumare mTebi. g) varskvlavis naTeba da myinvaris siTeTre. d) Tergis Rriali da kldeebis eqo.

(1) 16. ris Sesaxeb ar saubrobs grigol orbeliani am leqsSi? a) bunebis silamazis. b) samSoblos siyvarulis. g) siyvarulis warmavlobis. d) sulieri amaRlebis.

(1) 17. ra aris am nawarmoebis umTavresi azri? a) bunebis maradiulobis fonze adamianuri tkivili lirikuli gmirisaTvis umniSv-

nelod gamoiyureba. b) zneobrivad arasrulfasovania is adamiani, romelic siyvarulis maradiulobas

arafrad miiCnevs. g) mxolod mSvenieri da maradiuli buneba aniWebs adamians sulier simSvides. d) siyvarulia amqveynad is erTaderTi grZnoba, romelic adamians sulierad aRamaR-

lebs.














davaleba # 2

yuradRebiT waikiTxeT nawyveti revaz inaniSvilis moTxrobidan `lara~: aTi Tvis Tavze, rac lara da misi Svili Julieni Cvens mezoblad dasaxldnen, la-

ras cnobili mama gaaTavisufles. _ ukve ToTxmet weliwadze meti hqonda gaTavebuli, magram ufro avadmyofobis gamo gaaTavisufles, _ mTlad davrdomili, distrofirebu-li...

gadmoiyvanes manqanidan laram da Ronierma kacma viRac TiTqos daSlili, areul-da-reuli. cali xeli rom mis iRliaSi hqonda Seyofili laras, meore xeliT Tavs uWer-da, ukan ar gadavardnoda. raRac didi Savi kepi exura laras mamas, is kepi uyiravde-boda da imas kidev mamakaci usworebda... me ar minaxavs, rogora aqvT gadmokarkluli Tvalebi CamoxrCobilebs, mxolod gamigia, magram im dRis Semdeg sul ase mgonia, ase-Ti saSineli Tvalebi arc erT damxrCvals ar eqneba. gadmokarkluli araferiP_ dide-bi, da xan aqeT gadaswevda im Tvalebs, xan iqiT, da es saSineli iyo. saSineli hqonda piric, deformirebuli Savi Rru.

egeTi daSlili, gaararavebuli amoiyvanes maRla. Julieni idga, TiTqos nabijis ga-dadgma veRar moexerxebina, mere manqanis kari daketa, wamovida, Soriaxlos mosdevda dedas, papas da Ronier kacs. Seiyvanes Sin napatimrali, Seiketnen, albaT, daawvines. Ronieri kaci wavida. SemaSfoTebeli siCume da uZraoba daawva Cvens sadarbazos.

jer xom isedac erideboda mezoblebs lara, mamis moyvanis Semdeg, etyoboda, mTlad aRaravisTan undoda Sexvedra. albaT, veRarc iclida veravisTvis. dilaadrian rZis rigisken miaCxakunebda boTlebs, mere bazarSi garboda. xeliT eWira saTvale, mere, sam-saxuridan dabrunebuli, xan afTiaqSi iyo wasasvleli, xan _ viRac eqimebTan. isedac

gamxdari, kidev ufro gaxda, mxrebi uaresad aewura, TiTqosda cxviric daugrZelda. gax-da, danaRvlianda Julienic. ramdenjerac ki Sevxvdi, yovelTvis sigareti eWira xelSi.

ra Tqma unda, pirispirac vxvdebodiT mezoblebi, magram lara aravisTan gaCerebula, aravisTvis SeuCivlia, rogorc viciT xolme, _ udanaSaulo iyo mama, sxvebs Sealia Ta-visi sicocxle da vin daufasa mereo. Tavdauzogavad ibrZoda mis gadasarCenad, _ am saqmeSic xom cnobilni arian Cveni qalebi, gamorCeviT _ dediserTa qalebi mamebisaT-vis. saidan, rogor, ar vici, magram mainc gamodioda gareT napatimralis janmrTelo-bis ambebi, _ hemoglobini Cvidmetamde hqonda dacemuli. saWmels ki ver Wamda. idga la-ra, uwuravda sxvadasxvagvar wvenebs, uwuravda RviZlsa da xorcsac da patara bavSvsa-viT aZlevda kovziT, cali xeliT Tavwamoweuls. biWic, Julieni, kargi momvleliviT dastrialebda Tavs papas. wuTiT ar tovebdnen martos. xan deda iyo biuletenze, xan Svili. amgvar rameebs kolegebi Tu uxerxebdnen laras. oTx Tves gagrZelda aseTi brZola, oTx Tveze metsac, da gazafxulze, aprilis dasawyisSi, aivanzedac ki gamoCn-da napatimrali. isev ki Camoflasuli edga tansacmeli, magram Sedareba ar iyo, saku-Tar fexebze idga, Tavic sworad eWira da gaSavebuli xelebiT moajirs CaWidebuli gadahyurebda qveyanas. erTxel Cemkenac gamoixeda, Cveni Tvalebi erTmaneTs Sexvdnen. oo, TvalebSi mainc sindiyis simZime da sicive edga.

lara gaTavisuflda mudmivi daZabulobisagan. daubrunda kargi Rimili, tuCebze rom aCndeboda CvenTan Sexvedrisas. gaTavisuflda biWic. napatimrals axla saaTobi-Tac ki SeeZlo marto darCena, iwva, albaT, da kiTxulobda, an arada, fiqrebSi wasu-li, Wers Sehyurebda.

erT dRes gamovida laras mama saxlidan, _ roca Sin ar iyo arc lara, arc Svili-Svili, _ Cavida dabla, Caiara Cveni quCa, Cauyva vaJa-fSavelas prospeqts da iq, fostis maxloblad, waiqca. Semoexvia xalxi, gamouZaxes saswrafo daxmarebas, waiyvanes saavad-myofoSi, magram veraferi uSveles, mokvda. vin iyo, kaciSvilma ver icno, arc pirado-bis mowmoba aRmoaCnda araviTari. jibeSi edo mxolod sam furcelze dawerili da oT-xad gakecili werili. werili egzavneboda marto saxeliTa da mamis saxeliT moxseni-ebul viRac ufross, werili ki ara, moxsenebiTi baraTi. iZulebulni gaxdnen, waekiT-xaT. waikiTxes, yvelaferi gairkva, Seatyobines laras... SemdegSi ambobdnen, sisulele gaakeTeso, magram gvian iyo, werili ukve wakiTxuli hqonda laras.

me ar minaxavs is werili, magram dRes bevrma icis misi Sinaarsi. napatimrali im vi- Rac did ufross swerda, ufro _ moaxsenebda: pirvel rigSi, vin iyo da ra damsaxure-bebi miuZRoda saqveyno saqmeebSi (Canda, ufrossac unda scodnoda es), mere, riT gada-uxades borotma adamianebma, rogor ewama, mainc gauZlo yvelafers da dRes isev fex-ze dgas, da ara marto fexze dgas, kvlavac gaagrZelebs qveynis samsaxurs da aseTad darCeba ukanasknel amosunTqvamde. amis dasadastureblad ki acnobebda: mas hyavs qali-Svili, eqimi, ama da am poliklinikis TanamSromeli, da misi vaJi, politeqnikuri institutis mesame kursis studenti. es deda-Svili TiTqmis yoveldRe, yovelTvis, dila iqneba Tu saRamo, iaponuri tranzistoris meSveobiT, romelic deda-Svils saeWvo gziT unda hqondeT SeZenili moskovSi, usmenen Cveni qveynisTvis mtrul gadmocemebs sazRvargareTidan. mere, raRa Tqma unda, am gadmocemebis Sinaarss avrceleben samsaxurSi da institutSi, es ki iwvevs Cveni adamianebis moralur gaxrwnas... aseTi danaSaulebebis winaaRmdeg yvelam unda ibrZolos, yvelam, didmac da pataramac, uSualo damnaSaveni ki dauyovnebliv izolirebulni unda iqnen Cveni sazogadoebisagan, pirvel rigSi, Tundac, misi Svili da SviliSvili... Torem male, albaT, gvian iqneba, gvian...

qveyanam gaigo es ambavi, magram qarTvelebi varT, mainc uamravni movidnen dakrZal-vaze. mec mivedi mTeli ojaxiT, laras ZaZa emosa, Tavdaxrili ijda, xeli rom Camo-varTvi, amomxeda, madloba gadamixada da, SeiZleba momeCvena, mqrqali mware Rimili ga-ukrTa bageze.



(1) 3. ra informacias gvawvdis pirveli abzaci laras mamis Sesaxeb? a) laras mamas ToTxmeti weliwadi hqonda misjili samSoblos RalatisaTvis. b) laras mama ToTxmet weliwadze metxans iyo dapatimrebuli. g) laras mama ToTxmeti weliwadi muSaobda did partiul Tanamdebobaze. d) laras mama ToTxmet weliwadze metxans usamarTlod itanjeboda.

(1) 4. raze migvaniSnebs avtori meore abzacSi laras mamis garegnobis aRweriT? a) laras mama imdenad aris aRSfoTebuli, rom xelisuflebisaTvis saSiSi gaxda. b) laras mama imdenadaa SeSinebuli, rom saxlidan Tavs ar yofs. g) laras mama imdenadaa SeZrwunebuli, rom sicocxlec ki aRar surs. d) laras mama imdenad aris dauZlurebuli, rom sikvdilis pirasaa misuli.

(1) 5. Julienis ra ganwyobilebebs iwvevs babuamisis Sin dabruneba? a) SiSsa da Seuwynareblobas. b) aRSfoTebasa da risxvas. g) dabneulobasa da sevdas. d) zizRsa da siZulvils.

(1) 6. ratom ar unda hqonoda laras mezoblebTan Sexvedris survili mamis moyvanis Semdeg?

a) imdenad rcxvenoda mamis danaSaulisa, rom xalxTan saubars Tavs aridebda. b) imdeni ambavi iyo mamis Sesaxeb mosayoli, erCivna _ araferi eTqva. g) imdeni energia sWirdeboda mamis movlas, rom dro aRarafrisTvis rCeboda. d) imdenad eSinoda _ xelaxla ar daeWiraT mama, rom yvelas gaurboda.

(1) 7. romel frazaSi mimarTavs avtori mxatvrul saSualebas? a) `ramdenjerac ki Sevxvdi, yovelTvis sigareti eWira xelSi~. b) `Seiyvanes Sin napatimrali, Seiketnen, albaT, daawvines~. g) `dilaadrian rZis rigisken miaCxakunebda boTlebs~. d) `SemaSfoTebeli siCume da uZraoba daawva Cvens sadarbazos~.

(1) 8. laras ra Tviseba ikveTeba mamis movlis epizodSi? a) fanatikuri morCileba. b) moCvenebiTi pativiscema. g) uSedego Tavdadeba. d) Tavganwiruli erTguleba.

(1) 9. romel frazaSi iyenebs avtori metaforas? a) `gaSavebuli xelebiT moajirs CaWidebuli gadahyurebda qveyanas~. b) `biWic, Julieni, kargi momvleliviT dastrialebda Tavs papas~. g) `kiTxulobda, an arada, fiqrebSi wasuli, Wers Sehyurebda~. d) `TvalebSi mainc sindiyis simZime da sicive edga~.

(1) 10. raze SeiZleba migvaniSnebdes avtori imiT, rom saxlidan pirvelad gamosuli laras mama fostasTan waiqca?

a) werili unda gadaeca ufrosisaTvis. b) fostaSi samsaxuris dawyeba surda. g) dasmenis werilis gagzavna undoda. d) fostis SenobasTan SemTxveviT moxvda.

(1) 11. ratom ambobda zogi, sisulele gaakeTes, laras mamamisis werili rom waakiTxe-so?

a) larasTvis umjobesi iqneboda, ar scodnoda, risTvis iyo mamamisi dapatimrebuli. b) larasTvis umjobesi iqneboda, ar scodnoda, ra ewera am werilSi.

g) jobda, rom larasa da Juliens mogvianebiT gaegoT werilis Sinaarsi. d) jobda, laras ki ara, Juliens gaego, ra ewera werilSi.

(1) 12. ra danaSauls abralebda laras mama sakuTar Svilsa da SviliSvils? a) usmendnen ucxour radiosadgurs da aravis arafers eubnebodnen. b) usmendnen ucxour radiosadgurs da TviTonac awvdidnen mas informacias. g) usmendnen ucxour radiosadgurs da beWdavdnen politikur proklamaciebs. d) usmendnen ucxour radiosadgurs da Semdeg avrcelebdnen informacias.

(1) 13. ra SeiZleba vivaraudoT laras mamis mier dawerili moxsenebiTi baraTis mixed-viT?

a) laras mama sabWoTa politikuri sistemisaTvis kategoriulad miuRebeli pirovne-ba unda yofiliyo.

b) laras mama partiuli muSaki an uSiSroebis komitetis TanamSromeli unda yofi-liyo.

g) laras mama namdvili patrioti da saqarTvelos damoukideblobisaTvis mebrZoli unda yofiliyo.

d) laras mama ucxoeTis agenti an mtrisgan Semogzavnili diplomati unda yofiliyo.

(1) 14. romel saxelmwifos gulisxmobs laras mama frazaSi: ùsmenen Cveni qveynisTvis mtrul gadmocemebs~?

a) gaerTianebul samefos. b) ruseTis federacias. g) saqarTvelos respublikas. d) sabWoTa kavSirs.

(1) 15. ras moiTxovda laras mama moxsenebiT baraTSi? a) sakuTari Svilisa da SviliSvilis dapatimrebas. b) dambezReblebis dauyovnebliv dapatimrebasa da dasjas. g) udanaSaulobis aRiarebasa da zaralis anazRaurebas. d) saswrafo amnistiasa da sayovelTao dafasebas.

(1) 16. laras mamis ra Tvisebebi gamoixata misive xeliT daweril moxsenebiT baraTSi? a) mliqvneloba da Surianoba. b) fanatizmi da umaduroba. g) fanatizmi da gulgriloba. d) umaduroba da ampartavnoba.

(1) 17. ris Sesaxeb ar aris saubari am teqstSi? a) adamianis zneobrivi gadagvarebis. b) mamisadmi Svilis erTgulebis. g) sastiki politikuri represiebis. d) saqarTvelos uangaro siyvarulis.











imsjeleT laras mamis mxatvruli saxis Sesaxeb.



Savi samuSaosaTvis

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qarTuli enisa da literaturis testis Sefasebis kriteriumebi

I. teqstis redaqtirebis Sefasebis kriteriumebi

I varianti

I. morfologiur-orTografiuli da sintaqsuri Secdomebi ------------------------------------10q. am tipis yovel Secdomaze maqsimalur Sefasebas (10) akldeba TiTo qula. II. stilisturi xarvezebi ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2q. am tipis yovel xarvezze maqsimalur Sefasebas (2) akldeba TiTo qula. III. punqtuaciuri Secdomebi ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6q. am tipis yovel Secdomaze maqsimalur Sefasebas (6) akldeba TiTo qula. IV. meqanikuri Secdomebi da teqsturi uzustobebi ---------------------------------------------------2q. am tipis yovel Secdomaze maqsimalur Sefasebas (2) akldeba TiTo qula.

kalistrate salia daibada 1901 wels samegrelos sofel jgalSi. 1920 wels igi Tbili-sis saxelmwifo universitetis sibrZnismetyvelebis fakultetis studenti gaxda. sabWoTa xelisuflebam salia daapatimra, ramac evropaSi xmauri gamoiwvia. amis gamo mas da ramde-nime sxva qarTvel patimars germaniaSi wasvlis ufleba misces. saliam jer berlinis uni-versiteti daamTavra, Semdeg _ parizis universitetis istoriul-literaturuli fakulte-ti. kalistrate salia iyo antisabWoTa frontis aqtiuri wevri. igi germanul jarSi Seq-mnil qarTul nawilSi Caewera, radgan fiqrobda, rom germania saqarTvelos gaaTavisuf-lebda. salia aqtiurad monawileobda qarTvel samxedro tyveTa gamoxsnisa da ebraelTa gadarCenis procesSi.

wels kalistratem meuRlesTan erTad daafuZna Jurnali „bedi qarTlisa“. es Jurnali iyo pirveli qarTvelologiuri gamocema evropaSi. igi 35 wlis ganmavlobaSi gamodioda safrangeTis samecniero kvlevis erovnuli centris daxmarebiT. Jurnali, romelmac Tavi mouyara ucxoeTSi moRvawe qarTvelologebs, mniSvnelovan rols asrulebda qarTuli kul-turis popularizaciaSi. kalistrate salia iyo oslos universitetis sapatio profesori, araerTi samecniero sazogadoebis wevri. kalistrate salia gardaicvala 1986 wels pariz-Si. igi daasaflaves levilis sasaflaoze. 1988 wels, salias anderZis Tanaxmad, misi fer-fli didubis panTeonis miwas miabares.

II varianti


mixeil (mixako) wereTeli daibada 1878 wlis 23 dekembers zemo imereTis sofel cxruk-veTSi. quTaisis klasikuri gimnaziis damTavrebis Semdeg man swavla ganagrZo kievis uni-versitetSi, saidanac igi garicxes, radgan aqtiurad iyo CarTuli politikur saqmianoba-Si. mixako wereTeli, romelsac saukeTeso evropuli ganaTleba hqonda miRebuli sorbo-nis, Jenevisa da haidelbergis universitetebSi, saqarTvelos demokratiuli respublikis diplomatiur misiebs xelmZRvanelobda germaniasa da skandinaviis qveynebSi.

bolSevikuri ruseTis mier saqarTvelos okupaciis gamo mixako wereTeli iZulebuli gaxda, rom samudamod daetovebina samSoblo. emigraciaSi myofi mecnieri nayofierad moR-vaweobda. igi arCeuli iyo didi britaneTisa da irlandiis samecniero sazogadoebebis

namdvil wevrad. garda amisa, igi iyo `qarTvel tradicionalistTa kavSiris~ dafuZnebis erT-erTi moTave. meore msoflio omis wlebSi mixako wereTlis ZalisxmeviT germaniis sa-koncentracio banakebidan asobiT qarTveli ganTavisuflda. saxelovanma mecnierma da ma-muliSvilma mniSvnelovani wvlili Seitana rusTvelologiis ganviTarebaSi. 1963 wels parizSi daibeWda `vefxistyaosani~, romelic gamosacemad moamzada mixako wereTelma. 1975 wels gamovida poemis miseuli prozauli Targmani germanul enaze. 1945 wels igi sacxov-reblad gadavida miunxenSi, sadac ganagrZobda samecniero moRvaweobas. mixako wereTeli dakrZalulia safrangeTSi, levilis sasaflaoze.

III varianti


mixeil TamaraSvili daibada 1858 wels axalcixeSi. TamaraSvilma sasuliero ganaTle-ba evropis ramdenime qveyanaSi miiRo. samSobloSi dabrunebis Semdeg igi Tbilisis miZine-bis taZris mRvdlad gaamweses. TamaraSvils, romelmac aqtiuri moRvaweobiT miiqcia yu-radReba, xelisuflebam samSobloSi mRvdelmsaxurebis ufleba CamoarTva da Tbilisidan gaaZeva. TamaraSvili romSi gaemgzavra da swavla ganagrZo sasuliero akademiaSi. saswav-leblis damTavrebis Semdeg mas RvTismetyvelebis doqtoris wodeba mianiWes da amave aka-demiis profesori gaxda.

TamaraSvili guldasmiT ecnoboda ucxoeTSi dacul istoriul masalebs, raTa obieq-turad gamoekvlia saqarTvelos warsuli. 1910 wels gamovida misi wigni `qarTuli eklesia dasabamidan dRemde~. es iyo fundamenturi naSromi, romelic sazogadoebas Cveni qveynis istorias acnobda. wignSi Tavmoyrilia evropis arqivebSi moZiebuli uaRresad sayuradRe-bo wyaroebi. amis gamo mas dRemde ar daukargavs mecnieruli Rirebuleba. TamaraSvili iyo erT-erTi pirveli mkvlevari, romelmac evropeli mkiTxveli saqarTvelos istoriasa da kulturas aziara. garda amisa, man SeZlo cnobebis moZieba sulxan-saba orbelianis ev-ropaSi mogzaurobis Sesaxeb. samwuxarod, TamaraSvilis cxovreba tragikulad dasrulda. 1911 wels man italiis erT zRvispira qalaqSi daxrCobisagan ixsna ucnobi adamiani, Tvi-Ton ki daiRupa.DoTxmoci wlis Semdeg, 1978 wels, misi neSti qarTul miwas miabares.

IV varianti


eqvTime TayaiSvili daibada 1863 wels sofel lixaurSi. quTaisis klasikuri gimnaziis dasrulebis Semdeg man swavla ganagrZo peterburgis universitetSi. 1887 wels igi samSob-loSi dabrunda da Tbilisis gimnaziaSi maswavleblad daiwyo muSaoba. TayaiSvili aqti-urad monawileobda araerT arqeologiur eqspediciaSi. man daaarsa saistorio-saeTnogra-fio sazogadoeba, romelsac ToTxmeti wlis ganmavlobaSi xelmZRvanelobda. es sazogado-eba miznad isaxavda gaCanagebisagan exsna Cveni kulturuli memkvidreoba. eqvTime TayaiSvi-

li gaxldaT saqarTvelos demokratiuli respublikis damfuZnebeli krebis Tavmjdomaris moadgile. igi iyo Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis erT-erTi damaarsebelTagani.

1921 wels saqarTvelos mTavroba iZulebuli gaxda, rom emigraciaSi wasuliyo da Tan waeRo samuzeumo Zvirfaseuloba. oficialurad ganZis mesakuTre mTavroba iyo, Tumca erovnul saganZurs faqtobrivad eqvTime TayaiSvili meurveobda. miuxedavad problemebisa, eqvTimem yvelaferi gaakeTa, raTa Rirseulad Seesrulebina es umniSvnelovanesi misia. saf-rangeTSi igi ganagrZobda nayofier samecniero moRvaweobas. 1925 wels igi aziis Semswav-leli samecniero sazogadoebis namdvil wevrad airCies. meore msoflio omis dasrulebis Semdeg, rodesac SesaZlebeli gaxda Cveni saganZuris samSobloSi Camotana, eqvTime TayaiS-vili TbilisSi dabrunda. mecnieri gardaicvala 1953 wels. saqarTvelos eklesiam 2002 wels igi wmindanad Seracxa.

II. argumentirebuli eses Sefasebis kriteriumebi

I kriteriumi

# davalebis pirobis adekvaturi gageba da gaazreba

qulebi

1. davalebis piroba adekvaturadaa gagebuli.

2

2.

davalebis piroba nawilobriv araadekvaturadaa gagebuli.

1

3.

davaleba mTlianobaSi araadekvaturadaa gagebuli.

0 naweri aRar

swordeba

II kriteriumi

#

naSromis ageba

qulebi

1.

naSromi kargadaa organizebuli, monakveTebi Tanamimdevrulad da logi-kurad enacvleba erTmaneTs, abzacebi sworadaa gamoyofili.

1

2. naSromSi darRveulia teqstis logika da/an igi organizebuli ar aris.

0

III kriteriumi

# msjelobis dasabuTeba

qulebi

1.

msjeloba damajerebladaa dasabuTebuli da argumentebi gamyarebuliaSesaferisi magaliTebiT.

5

2.

msjeloba mTlianobaSi dasabuTebulia, Tumca calkeul SemTxvevebSi ar-gumentacia arasakmarisia da/an ar aris gamyarebuli Sesaferisi magaliTe-biT.

4

2.

msjeloba dasabuTebulia, Tumca calkeul SemTxvevebSi argumentebsa damoxmobil magaliTebs damajerebloba aklia.

3

3. msjeloba zereledaa dasabuTebuli da argumentebi aradamajerebelia.

2

4.

msjeloba Zalze zogadia, argumentebis da/an magaliTebis moxmobisas daS-vebulia uzustoba an faqtobrivi Secdoma.

1

5. msjeloba dasabuTebuli ar aris.

0

IV kriteriumi

# damoukidebeli azrovneba da zogadi ganaTleba

qulebi

1.

naSromSi mkafiod gamovlinda abiturientis damoukidebeli azrovnebis una-ri, SexedulebaTa da SefasebaTa araSablonuroba da zogadi ganaTleba.

3

2.

naSromSi nawilobriv gamovlinda abiturientis damoukidebeli azrovne-bis unari, Tumca mkafiod gamovlinda zogadi ganaTleba; anda naSromSimkafiod gamovlinda abiturientis damoukidebeli azrovnebis unari, Sexe-dulebaTa da SefasebaTa araSablonuroba, Tumca nawilobriv gamovlindazogadi ganaTleba.

2

3.

naSromSi nawilobriv gamovlinda zogadi ganaTleba da/an damoukidebeliazrovnebis unari.

1

4.

naSromSi ar gamovlinda damoukidebeli azrovnebis unari da zogadi ga-naTleba.

0

V. kriteriumi

# leqsika da stili

qulebi

1.

naSromSi azri enobrivad (leqsikurad) zustad da mkafiodaa gamoxatuli, SerCeulia dasmuli amocanis Sesaferisi stili, daculia naSromis sti-listuri erTgvarovneba. gvxvdeba oriode stilisturi xarvezi.

3

2.

naSromSi azri enobrivad (leqsikurad) zustad da mkafiodaa gamoxatuli, magram gvxvdeba stilisturi xarvezebi.

2

3.

naSromSi azri gasagebia, magram leqsika mwiria, gvxvdeba araadekvaturileqsika da stilisturi xarvezebi.

1

4. naSromi stilisturad gaumarTavia.

0

VI. kriteriumi

# morfologia, orTografia, sintaqsi

qulebi

1. ar aris daSvebuli erTze meti Secdoma.

4

2. ar aris daSvebuli orze meti Secdoma.

3

3. ar aris daSvebuli oTxze meti Secdoma.

2

4. ar aris daSvebuli eqvsze meti Secdoma.

1

5. daSvebulia eqvsze meti Secdoma.

0

VII. kriteriumi

# punqtuacia

qulebi

1. ar aris daSvebuli samze meti Secdoma.

2

2. ar aris daSvebuli eqvsze meti am tipis Secdoma.

1

3. daSvebulia eqvsze meti Secdoma.

0

III. wakiTxulis gaazrebisa da weriTi davalebis Sefasebis kriteriumebi

a) wakiTxulis gaazreba

I varianti

3. b) ---------------1q. 4. g) --------------1q. 5. b) ---------------1q. 6. d) --------------1q. 7. b) ---------------1q.8. a) ---------------1q. 9. a) ---------------1q. 10. b) ---------------1q. 11. b) ---------------1q. 12. g) ---------------1q.13. a) ---------------1q. 14. g) ---------------1q. 15. d) --------------1q. 16. d) --------------1q. 17. b) ---------------1q.

II varianti

3. a) ---------------1q. 4. g) --------------1q. 5. b) ---------------1q. 6. a) ---------------1q. 7. b) ---------------1q.8. d) --------------1q. 9. a) ---------------1q. 10. g) ---------------1q. 11. a) ---------------1q. 12. b) ---------------1q. 13. d) --------------1q. 14. g) ---------------1q. 15. g) ---------------1q. 16. a) ---------------1q. 17. b) ---------------1q.

III varianti

3. d) --------------1q. 4. d) --------------1q. 5. d) --------------1q. 6. g) --------------1q. 7. a) ---------------1q. 8. d) --------------1q. 9. b) ---------------1q. 10. d) --------------1q. 11. g) ---------------1q. 12. g) ---------------1q.13. g) ---------------1q. 14. d) --------------1q. 15. d) --------------1q. 16. g) ---------------1q. 17. d) --------------1q.

IV varianti

3. b) ---------------1q. 4. d) --------------1q. 5. g) --------------1q. 6. g) --------------1q. 7. d) --------------1q.8. d) --------------1q. 9. d) --------------1q. 10. g) ---------------1q. 11. b) ---------------1q. 12. d) --------------1q. 13. b) ---------------1q. 14. d) --------------1q. 15. a) ---------------1q. 16. b) ---------------1q. 17. d) --------------1q.

b) weriTi davalebis Sefasebis kriteriumebi

weriTi davalebis maqsimaluri qulaa 25. upirveles yovlisa, gamsworebelma unda gan-sazRvros, upasuxebs Tu ara naweri mocemul davalebas.

Tu abiturientis naSromi davalebas ar upasuxebs, mocemuli teqstis perifrazia, miTi-Tebebi mxolod erT-ori winadadebiT aris Sesrulebuli an teqsti mTlianobaSi araade-kvaturadaa gagebuli, anda enobrivad imdenad gaumarTavia, rom azris gageba Wirs, daiwe-reba 0 qula da naweri aRar gaswordeba.

Tu namuSevari davalebas upasuxebs, igi unda gaswordes qvemoT mocemuli Sefasebis kriteriumebis mixedviT.

I kriteriumi

# davalebis adekvaturad gageba da gaazreba

qulebi

1.

davalebis piroba adekvaturadaa gagebuli, teqsti Rrmadaa gaazrebuli, naSromSi igrZnoba avtoris umTavresi saTqmelisa da emociuri mizanda-saxulobis wvdoma.

4

2. davalebis piroba da teqsti adekvaturadaa gagebuli.

3

3.

davalebis piroba da teqsti mTlianobaSi adekvaturadaa gagebuli dagaazrebuli, Tumca erT SemTxvevaSi SeiniSneba davalebis pirobis anteqstis araadekvaturi gageba.

2

4.

erTze met SemTxvevaSi davalebis piroba an/da teqsti araadekvaturadaagagebuli.

1

5.

teqsti mTlianobaSi araadekvaturadaa gagebuli.

0 naweriaRar

swordeba

II kriteriumi

# naSromis ageba

qulebi

1.

naSromi upasuxebs samive miTiTebas da kargadaa organizebuli, monakve-Tebi Tanamimdevrulad da logikurad enacvleba erTmaneTs, abzacebi swo-radaa gamoyofili (davalebis miTiTeba Sesrulebulad ar CaiTvleba, Tumasze mxolod erTi-ori winadadebiT iqneba pasuxi gacemuli).

3

2.

naSromi upasuxebs sam miTiTebas, Tumca nawilobriv darRveulia teqs-tis logika an/da zogan abzacebi arasworadaa gamoyofili; an naSromi upasuxebs or miTiTebas da kargadaa organizebuli, monakveTebi Tanamim-devrulad da logikurad enacvleba erTmaneTs, abzacebi sworadaa gamo-yofili.

2

3.

naSromi upasuxebs or miTiTebas, Tumca nawilobriv darRveulia teqs-tis logika an/da zogan abzacebi arasworadaa gamoyofili; an naSromi upasuxebs erT miTiTebas da kargadaa organizebuli, monakveTebi Tanamim-devrulad da logikurad enacvleba erTmaneTs, abzacebi sworadaa gamo-yofili.

1

4.

naSromi upasuxebs erT miTiTebas, Tumca nawilobriv darRveulia teqs-tis logika an/da zogan abzacebi arasworadaa gamoyofili.

0

III kriteriumi

# mosazrebebis argumentireba da adekvaturi citireba

qulebi

1.

msjeloba samive miTiTebis mixedviT dasabuTebulia (argumentirebulia) da argumentebi gamyarebulia teqsturi masaliT.

6

2.

msjeloba ori miTiTebis mixedviT dasabuTebulia da argumentebi gamya-rebulia teqsturi masaliT, xolo mesame miTiTebaze msjelobisas argu-mentebi aradamajerebelia da/an ar aris gamyarebuli teqsturi masaliT.

5

3.

msjeloba ori miTiTebis mixedviT dasabuTebulia da argumentebi gamya-rebulia teqsturi masaliT, xolo mesame miTiTeba saerTod ar aris Ses-rulebuli (perifrazia an msjeloba oriode winadadebiTaa gadmocemuli).

4

4.

msjeloba erTi miTiTebis mixedviT dasabuTebulia da argumentebi gam-yarebulia teqsturi masaliT, xolo or miTiTebaze msjelobisas argu-mentebi aradamajerebelia da/an ar aris gamyarebuli teqsturi masaliT.

3

5.

msjeloba erTi miTiTebis mixedviT dasabuTebulia da argumentebi gam-yarebulia teqsturi masaliT, meore miTiTebis mixedviT msjelobisas ar-gumentebi aradamajerebelia da/an ar aris gamyarebuli teqsturi masa-liT, xolo mesame miTiTeba saerTod ar aris Sesrulebuli (perifraziaan msjeloba oriode winadadebiTaa gadmocemuli).

2

6.

samive miTiTebis mixedviT msjelobisas argumentebi aradamajerebeliada/an ar aris gamyarebuli teqsturi masaliT.

1

7.

ori miTiTebis mixedviT msjelobisas argumentebi aradamajerebelia da/an ar aris gamyarebuli teqsturi masaliT, xolo mesame miTiTeba saerTodar aris Sesrulebuli; an msjeloba erTi miTiTebis mixedviT dasabuTe-bulia da argumentebi gamyarebulia teqsturi masaliT, xolo danarCenimiTiTebebi saerTod ar aris Sesrulebuli; anda erTi miTiTebis mixed-viT msjelobisas argumentebi aradamajerebelia da/an ar aris gamyare-buli teqsturi masaliT, xolo danarCeni miTiTebebi saerTod ar arisSesrulebuli.

0

IV kriteriumi

# teqstis mxatvruli Taviseburebebis Sefaseba

qulebi

1.

naSromSi gamoyofilia teqstis araerTi mxatvruli Tavisebureba (moce-mulia msjeloba avtoris stilisa da/an mxatvruli saSualebebis Sesa-xeb) da msjeloba dasabuTebulia konkretuli magaliTebiT.

2

2.

naSromSi gamoyofilia teqstis araerTi mxatvruli Tavisebureba (moce-mulia msjeloba avtoris stilisa da/an mxatvruli saSualebebis Sesa-xeb) da msjeloba dasabuTebulia konkretuli magaliTebiT, Tumca mox-mobilia erTi araadekvaturi magaliTi; anda gamoyofilia teqstis erTimxatvruli Tavisebureba da msjeloba dasabuTebulia konkretuli maga-liTiT.

1

3.

naSromSi gamoyofilia teqstis mxatvruli Taviseburebebi (mocemuliamsjeloba avtoris stilisa da/an mxatvruli saSualebebis Sesaxeb), mag-ram ar aris dasabuTebuli konkretuli magaliTebiT an moxmobilia erT-ze meti araadekvaturi magaliTi; anda naSromSi ar aris gamoyofili teqs-tis mxatvruli Taviseburebebi (ar aris mocemuli msjeloba avtoris sti-lisa da/an mxatvruli saSualebebis Sesaxeb).

0

V kriteriumi

# damoukidebeli azrovneba da zogadi ganaTleba

qulebi

1.

naSromSi mkafiod gamovlinda abiturientis damoukidebeli azrovnebis unari, SexedulebaTa da SefasebaTa araSablonuroba da zogadi ganaT-leba.

3

2.

naSromSi nawilobriv gamovlinda abiturientis damoukidebeli azrovne-bis unari, Tumca mkafiod gamovlinda abiturientis zogadi ganaTleba; anda naSromSi mkafiod gamovlinda abiturientis damoukidebeli azrov-nebis unari, SexedulebaTa da SefasebaTa araSablonuroba, Tumca nawi-lobriv gamovlinda abiturientis zogadi ganaTleba.

2

3.

naSromSi nawilobriv gamovlinda abiturientis zogadi ganaTlebac dadamoukidebeli azrovnebis unaric; an ar gamovlinda abiturientis da-moukidebeli azrovnebis unari, Tumca nawilobriv gamovlinda abituri-entis zogadi ganaTleba; anda naSromSi nawilobriv gamovlinda abitu-rientis damoukidebeli azrovnebis unari, magram ar gamovlinda abitu-rientis zogadi ganaTleba.

1

4.

naSromSi ar gamovlinda abiturientis damoukidebeli azrovnebis unari, agreTve ar gamovlinda abiturientis zogadi ganaTleba.

0

VI kriteriumi

# faqtobrivi Secdomebi

qulebi

1. naSromSi ar aris daSvebuli faqtobrivi Secdoma.

1

2. naSromSi daSvebulia faqtobrivi Secdoma.

0

VII kriteriumi

# leqsika da stili

qulebi

1.

naSromSi azri enobrivad (leqsikurad) zustad da mkafiodaa gamoxatu-li, SerCeulia dasmuli amocanis Sesaferisi stili, agreTve daculianaSromis stilisturi erTgvarovneba, gvxvdeba oriode stilisturi xar-vezi.

2

2.

naSromSi azri gasagebia, magram leqsika mwiria, gvxvdeba ramdenime sti-listuri xarvezi.

1

3. Txzuleba stilisturad gaumarTavia.

0

VIII kriteriumi

# sintaqsuri konstruqciebi

qulebi

1. naSromSi daSvebulia erTi sintaqsuri Secdoma.

2

2. naSromSi daSvebulia ori sintaqsuri Secdoma.

1

3. naSromSi daSvebulia orze meti sintaqsuri Secdoma.

0

IX kriteriumi

# morfologia, orTografia da punqtuacia

qulebi

1. ar aris oTxze meti am tipis Secdoma.

2

2. ar aris cxraze meti am tipis Secdoma.

1

3. daSvebulia cxraze meti am tipis Secdoma.

0

gTavazobT 2013 wlis gamocdaze abiturientebis mier Sesrulebuli weriTi davalebe-bis saukeTeso nimuSebs (stili yvelgan daculia):

`soxumSi dabruneba~ (ix. I variantis #2 weriTi davaleba)

saSineleba, romelsac omi hqvia, TiToeul adamianze moqmedebs. devnilobis simZime is tvirTia, romlis zidva nebismieri pirovnebis xasiaTis formirebasa Tu rwmenis, ndobis ryevas gamoiwvevda. swored omiT gaborotebul adamianTa urTierTobas aRwers guram odiSaria wignSi `soxumSi dabruneba~.

`gidis savarZelSi mokalaTebuli qali~ TvalebSi Sescqeris imas, rasac omi hqvia. is erTia mravalTa Soris, isic SemTxveviT gadaurCa sikvdils... amitom eZebs mizezs, mizezs sakuTari ubedurebisa, radgan lamis àfxazeTis omi sanatrebeli gauxda...~ eZebs da pou-lobs, radgan martivia daadanaSaulo sxva, oRond sababi dainaxo Seni cxovrebis aseTi cvlilebebisa: ès soxumelebi sul ar arian gasaSvebi iqiT... gadadian da mere imaT yve-lafers eubnebian... mere isini bombaven Cvenebs...~ qals TviTonac sjera Tavisi naTqvamisa, radgan unda, rom sjerodes, magram arc fiqrobs, aris Tu ara marTali. ra saWiroa sa-marTlianobaze fiqri, Tu Tavs àvtobusis meufed grZnobs, winamZRolad, liderad (ra Tqma unda, erTpirovnulad)~. qali garegnulad `sustia, mkacri ieris~, `Tavisi SemarTuli sxeuliT xazgasmiT da wamdauwum~ aRniSnavs, rom àrc meti, arc naklebi, ekaterine WavWa-vaZe-dadianis memkvidrea~ da aravis arafers SearCens. Tumca yvelaferi arc ase martiva-daa. is ar ebmeba brZolaSi, romelSic iwveven, uars ambobs àvtobusis mbrZaneblis skipt-raze~... ratom? albaT imitom, rom TviTonac icis, ar SeiZleba `gadmoiyvanon es soxume-lebi avtobusidan da daxvriton~, SeuZlebelia àm gaWirvebul da bedSav xalxs~ niRabi hqondes afarebuli... mas omma rwmena daakargvina, adamianTa rwmena, swored amitomac qceu-la is ukmex da anCxl adamianad.

guram odiSarias Txrobis stili metad Taviseburi da sainteresoa. is miaxloebulia yoveldRiur metyvelebasTan, swored amitom iSviaTad vxvdebiT tropul saSualebebs. teq-stSi mocemulia sul ramdenime epiTeti. magaliTad: `gaWirvebuli da bedSavi xalxi~ dev-nilTa mZime sulier Tu fizikur mdgomareobas aRwers, kontrasts ki hqmnis `saidumlo rukebi~, `daSifruli ustarebi~, `danaSaulobaTa grZeli sia~. Sedarebebi gansakuTrebul elfers sZens nawyvets: `bibliuri meudabnoesaviT naxevradwamowolili~, `gladiatorebi-viT... vetakebiT erTmaneTs~. es Sedarebebi avtors exmareba gaamZafros is ironia, romelic mTel nawarmoebs uwyvet xazad gasdevs. sarkazmi marTlac is mxatvruli xerxia, romelic yvelaze did yuradRebas ipyrobs. odiSaria dascinis arsebul viTarebas: àbaSa: Cven Sev-wyvetT, Tu Tqven SewyvetT, samtredia: Cven SevwvetT. Tqven? abaSa: Cvenc. Tqven? samtredia: Cvenc. Tqven?~ avtori aseve ironiiT aRwers omiT daRlili adamianebis ganwyobas: `maT Cve-ni sisxlis xilva swyuriaT, sad daiRvreba es sisxli _ arenis qviSaze Tu avtobusis sa-fenebze, maTTvis sulerTia~. ironia kulminacias aRwevs bolo winadadebaSi: `gixaroden, mamuliSvilno, RmerTi CvenTanaa!~ es winadadeba mkiTxvels umZafrebs SegrZnebas, rom es yvelaferi didi absurdia, absurdi, romelic mTel qveyanaSi iyo gamefebuli.

da mainc, ra aris mTavari problema, mTavari saTqmeli? albaT is, rom omi yvelafers anadgurebs: rwmenas, siyvaruls, erTianobis gancdasa da SegrZnebas. rusTaveli XII sauku-neSi werda: òdes kacsa daeWirvos, maSin unda Zma da Tvisi~, XX saukuneSi ki qarTvelebs swored es daaviwydaT. or nawilad gayofil sazogadoebaSi adamiani kargavs individua-lur Tvisebebs. is iqceva brbos nawilad, Tavisi Tavis gadasarCenad ki sruliad udanaSa-ulo adamiansac ki daswamebs cils da esvris qvas. swored es daemarTa `gidis savarZel-Si mokalaTebul qals~, `zugdidis wminda miwasTan~ damxvedr qals, xalxs, romelic am-bobda: `ltolvilebi sul zviadistebi arian ra! erTi magaTi!~... Tumca gasakviri aq arafe-ria, radgan TiTqmis SeuZlebelia SeinarCuno principebi da prioritetebi uryevad, roca qveyana gengreva Tavze, roca xedav, rogor klavs Seni Zma Senive Zmas... swored amitom, me mecodeba TiToeuli maTgani, radgan omis sisastike adamianis sulieri samyaros ngrevas iwvevs; rwmenadakarguli, usiyvarulo adamianebi ki Zlier qveyanas ver aaSeneben.

àntonio da daviTi~ (ix. II variantis #2 weriTi davaleba)

mocemul teqstSi Cven vecnobiT Zalian saintereso personaJs _ antonios. mkiTxveli Tavidanve amCnevs mis mWevrmetyvelebasa da Wkuas, radgan is Tavis azrs ostaturad aya-libebs da gasagebad, logikurad msjelobs. Tumca es misi mTavari damaxasiaTebeli Tvi-seba araa. SeuZlebelia mkiTxveli ar aRivsos garkveuli mowiwebiT antonios mimarT, ro-desac gaiazrebs, Tu ramdenad mamacia evropeli misioneri. is imdenad gambedavia, rom ui-araRod midis yaCaRTa bunagSi, saidanac cocxlad dabrunebas ar elis, Semdeg ki pirda-pir esaubreba yaCaR daviTs mis araerT naklze da Seuracxyofasac ki ayenebs _ araerT-xel uwodebs laCars. am SesaSuri simSvidis, simamacis safuZvels antonios saubridanve vigebT: igi aris iseTi adamiani, romelsac `...hyofnis gambedaoba, Tvali gausworos Tavis SiSs~. marTalia, Semdeg Tavad akritikebs sakuTar Tavs, `sikvdilis SiSi Turme jer ki-dev ver dameZliao~, magram Tvals usworebs da ar Zrwis mis winaSe, rac mxolod gamor-Ceul adamianebs gamosdiT. sikvdilis SiSi xom bunebrivia, mis winaaRmdeg brZola ki sa-kuTari bunebis winaaRmdeg brZolaa, rac udides nebisyofasa da pirovnul simtkices mo-iTxovs. swored aseTi pirovnebaa antonio: brZeni, mamaci, udidesi nebisyofis mqone adami-ani, romelmac TiTqmis daZlia sikvdilis SiSi da amiT _ boroteba sakuTar TavSi.

mxatvrul nawarmoebSi Sinaarsze aranakleb mniSvnelovania, Tu rogoraa naTqvami gad-mocemuli, ra mxatvrul meTodebsa da saSualebebs iyenebs avtori. es arcTu didi frag-menti mdidaria mxatvrul-gamomsaxvelobiTi saSualebebiT, amitom mxolod ramdenime maT-ganze gavamaxvileb yuradRebas. aRsaniSnavia gapirovneba frazaSi: `Seni SiSi cocxalia, daviT~. amiT xazgasmulia is, rom daviTs mudam eSinia sikvdilis da es SiSi ise marTavs mas, TiTqos misi mbrZanebeli, cocxali arseba iyos. `Seni mbrZanebelio~, swored am meta-foriT moixseniebs mwerali daviTis SiSs Semdgom monakveTSi, roca is mkiTxvelis am gan-cdas kidev ufro amZafrebs. Semdgom mwerali codvebs matlebs adarebs, rac TvalsaCi-nod warmoaCens, Tu rogor datanjavs kacs saiqioSi sakuTari codvebi. metafora `sibra-zis talRa~ ki daviTis mZvinvarebasa da saxifaToobas usvams xazs. aRsaniSnavia teqstis intonacia, ritmi. teqstis dramatulobis zrdasTan erTad izrdeba ritmic ise, rom mkiT-xveli iZabeba da mTlianad erTveba teqstSi, TiTqos Tavad iyos moqmedebis Tanamonawile. amasTan, toni didaqtikuria, ritorikuli, rac teqstis ritmTan erTad xels uwyobs imas, rom mkiTxvelma kargad gaigos da Seisisxlxorcos avtoris saTqmeli. es, Cemi azriT, am fragmentis udides mxatvrul Rirebulebas ganapirobebs.

saTqmeli ki, anu is problema, romelsac avtori wamoWris, Zalian mniSvnelovani da sainteresoa. es aris sikvdilis SiSis problema. sikvdili bunebis nawilia, mas veravin gaeqceva, misi SiSi ki yvelas Tan dahyveba. Tumca, Cemi azriT, arseboben iseTi adamiane-bic, romlebic sakuTari sicocxliT anda sikvdiliT axerxeben, dasZlion bunebis es sa-Sineli kanonzomiereba, daamarcxon igi. swored aseT gansakuTrebul adamianebs aRwers jemal qarCxaZe Tavis moTxrobaSi. Tumca, avtori kidev ufro Sors midis. is yvelanairi borotebis saTaved am SiSs miiCnevs, mis daZlevas ki _ sikeTis winapirobad. amaSi me mas mxolod nawilobriv veTanxmebi. viziareb mis azrs, rom borotebas SiSi Sobs. magram mxo-lod misi daZleva rom iyos sikeTis gza, Zalian bevri boroti adamiani iarsebebda, rad-gan, rogorc ukve aRvniSne, SiSis daZleva gansakuTrebul nebisyofas moiTxovs. me vfiq-rob, mTavaria adamiani Cawvdes borotebis mizezs da daupirispirdes mas, magram sikvdi-lis SiSis daZleva mxolod erTeulTa xvedria, romelTac Cven gmirebs vuwodebT.

`fiqrni mtkvris piras~ (ix. III variantis #1 weriTi davaleba)

àmaoeba amaoTa da yovelive amao~ _ wuTisoflis aseTi tragikuli aRqmis fonze niko-loz baraTaSvili Segvaxsenebs, rom amqveynad umiznod aravin Cndeba, wuTisofeli yovel adamians daniSnulebad masze, `mSobelze~, zrunvas akisrebs.

romantikos poets guls uRrRnis Sinagani `sakvirveli xmis~ mier dasmuli SekiTxva _ ra mizani aqvs Cvens arsebobas? am SekiTxvaze pasuxs is bunebis wiaRSi, mtkvris napirTan, eZebs. wyalTan urTierToba poets `tbis skolis~ poetebs, upirveles yovlisa ki, bairons amsgavsebs. garemo TanaugrZnobs poets, iziarebs mis ganwyobas (àqac yoveli aremare iyo mowyeniT~), magram mwuxarebas ver uqarwylebs, radgan poeti, rogorc yvela adamiani, ag-nosticizmiT Sepyrobilia da misTvis mtkvari mxolod `hbutbutebs~.

àrsebobs iseTi mdgomareoba, roca xelovani yvelafers uziarebs bunebas, magram bu-neba ar gaendoba xolme mas~. ase xdeba n. baraTaSvilis SemTxvevaSic. es poets adamianur Tvisebebze Caafiqrebs. is xvdeba, rom adamianis cxovreba `fuWi da mxolod amaoebaa~; miu-xedavad amisa, misi survilebi SeuzRudavia.

`vin aris igi, vis Tvis guli erTxel aRevsos, da rac mieRos erTxel natvriT isi ekmaros?~

adamianis gaumaZRobis idea saucxood aqvs warmoCenili balzaks Tavis `Sagrenis tyav-Si~. aq Cans, rom adamians sikvdilis safrTxec ki ver aiZulebs, survilebs sazRvari dau-dos. aseT gaumaZRrobas poeti mefeTa magaliTze warmoaCens _ mefeni xom yvelaze didi Zalauflebis mpyrobelni arian. miuxedavad amisa `SfoTven da drtvinven~ gavlenis gasa-farToeblad. survilTa raodenobaze saubrisas iSleba sazRvari sikeTesa da borotebas Soris. miznebis gansxvavebulobis miuxedavad, ambiciis doza yvelaSi erTnairia. poeti, am mxriv, gamorCeuli adamiania, xvdeba amgvari ambiciis sacodaobas. am monakveTSi misi sity-vebi cnobili frazis _ `miwa xar da miwad iqcevi~ _ asociacias iwvevs.

swored adamianTa amgvari aRweris fonze Cndeba poetis mTavari saTqmeli, rac Cveni yofiTi ambiciebis daokebisaken mowodeba da zneobrivi valis aRsrulebaa. es vali si-cocxlis gamovlinebaa wuTisofelze zrunvaSi. sanam vcocxlobT, mkvdrisgan `mSobelze~ zrunvis unariT unda ganvsxvavdebodeT, swored es Segvimsubuqebs tanjvas da mogvgvris Svebas.

poeti leqsis melanqoliuri ganwyobis Sesaqmnelad gvixatavs mtkvris peizaJs da mis fonze lirikul avtoportrets. Tvalwin gvidgeba idayvdayrdnobili, Cafiqrebuli mgosa-ni, romelic mtkvars SesCivis: `vin icis, mtkvaro, ras butbuteb, visTvis ras ityvi?~ am taepSi, mtkvrisadmi mimarTvaSi, avtori gapirovnebas iyenebs. sxva mxriv, mxatvruli xerxe-biT teqsti Raribia. gamoyenebulia epiTeti: `cda qebuli~, `gansvenebuli~ (mefe)... peizaJi bundovandeba, roca poeti horizonts miRma icqireba, `samyaros iqiT eZiebs sadgurs~. es misi fiqrisa da tanjvis usasrulobaze metyvelebs. aRsaniSnavia, rom usasrulobis ganc-dis Seqmna germanelma mxatvarma kaspar david fridrixma horizontis uaryofiT moaxerxa.

leqsSi riTma zogjer ormarcvliania _ qaluri (cremliT, mowyeniT), gvxvdeba erTmar-cvliani _ vaJuri (ityvi, utyvi) da sammarcvliani _ daqtiluri (kamara _ ankara) riTme-bic. gamoyenebulia arazusti riTmebi.

piradad me mimaCnia, rom marTlac savalaloa, roca adamianebma winaswar viciT Cveni gardauvali sikvdili, Cven ki sicocxles vebRauWebiT. miuxedavad amisa, n. baraTaSvilise-ul romantikul pesimizms ar viziareb. mimaCnia, rom azrs moklebulia, mudmivad cremls Rvride imis gamo, rac aucileblad moxdeba. Tumca meCveneba, rom romantikuli foni, me-lanqoliuri mizanscena mgosans Cvens gamosafxizleblad sWirdeba. poetic fiqrobs, rom umjobesia, movaleobaTa, daniSnulebaTa Sesrulebaze vifiqroT, vizrunoT. esaa Cveni cxovrebis arsi. am mxriv, Cemi pirovnuli mrwamsi Semoqmedis moralur kredos emTxveva. mec mimaCnia, rom sicocxlis nabijebma keTili kvali unda aRbeWdos, raTa Semdgom Tao-bebs `siZnele gzisa gauadvildes~.

Cemi Rrma rwmeniT, adamians wuTisoflis wesebiT cxovreba moeTxoveba, Tumca amqveyni-ur cxovrebaze zrunvas me davamatebdi samSobloze, enaze, momaval Taobaze, kulturul faseulobebze, istoriul da socialur Rirebulebebze zrunvasa da maT gafrTxilebas. vityodi, rogorc ilia ityoda: `yovel dResa Sens Tavs hkiTxe, aba, me dRes vis ra varge~. Tu am princips SevasrulebT, cxovrebiseul valsac pirnaTlad movixdiT.

`samoseli pirveli~ (ix. III variantis #2 weriTi davaleba)

guram doCanaSvili roman `samoseli pirvelis~ mocemul epizodSi mogviTxrobs lamaz-qalaqelebis erT gansxvavebul dReze da qalze, romelic im dRes amindTan erTad saoc-rad Seicvala. `sanam gaocebuli lamaz-qalaqelebi daWyetil Tvalebs daaxamxamebdnen, te-reza odnav, msubuqad Sexta da yvelani erTad mixvdnen _ cekvavda qali~. Casaqoli iyoo, _ avtori gveubneba, _ magram kargad icoda terezam, rom dacinvasac veravin gaubedavda _ lamazi iyo da moswonda yvelas. Tavdajerebulobac ar aklda da sakuTari Tavis fasic mSvenivrad icoda. yvelas saocrad izidavda da mainc miuwvdomeli rCeboda maTTvis, ami-tom iyo erTdroulad `sayvarelic da saZulvelic~.

tereza aris mxatvruli saxe adamianisa, romelsac SeuZlia erT dReSi mTlianad Seic-valos, romelic pativs scems sakuTar grZnobebs da maTi gamoxatvis ar eSinia. emociis zRva iyo terezas cekva. grZnobaaSlili cekvavda qali da aras dagidevdaT, sxvebi amas Tu ver xvdebodnen. arc qalaqelebis daWyetili Tvalebi da gaocebuli saxeebi anaRvleb-da. tereza grZnobda, uyvarda da TavdaviwyebiT gamoxatavda am siyvaruls, oRond cota gansxvavebulad. `cekvavda romeliRac ucnob, saxeldaxelod gamogonil cekvas. grZeli Tma ufrialebda, ucaxcaxebda mxrebi, erTianad caxcaxebda da gamwarebuli iRimeboda cek-visas TvaldaxuWuli qali da irgliv Tovda...~ mere ra, Tovlma xom lamazqalaqSi met-nak-lebad yvela Secvala.

Txrobis stili Taviseburia. igrZnoba is originaloba, romelic doCanaSvilis yvela nawarmoebSi Cans. avtori ambavs gviyveba Zalian laRad, TiTqos romans ki ar wers, megob-rebs uambobs saintereso istorias. `...da uu, rogor sZuldaT yvelaferi~. miuxedavad ami-sa, nawarmoebi mdidaria mxatvruli saSualebebiT. mocemuli epizodi iwyeba Tovliani qa-laqis peizaJis aRweriT. amas mosdevs terezas portreti. gvxvdeba gapirovneba: `fifqebi xalisianad eSvebodnen...~ metafora: àTasgan TeTrad feTqdeboda gaocebul TvalebSi Tov-li~. epiTetebi: `namdvili Tovli~, `sqlad SeRebili wamwamebi~, `didi, daCvretili, msubu-qi fifqebi~, `Txeli, faqizi nestoebi~, `wiTeli sisxli~ _ giJi ugos sityvebi, romlebic sayovelTao mxiarulebis fonze aSkara kontrasts qmnis.

bedniereba silaResa da TavisuflebaSia _ esaa mTavari gancda, rac am epizodis wakiT-xvis Semdeg yvelaze mkafiod grCeba da teqstis mTavar saTqmeladac SeiZleba moviazroT. lamazqalaqelebic amitom iyvnen aseTi bednierni. terezasac es axarebda: grZnobebs gamo-xatavda, suls aTavisuflebda da bednieri iyo amiT.

SeiZleba upovari iyo. Rirebuli araferi gagaCndes da bednieri geTqmodes mainc, rad-gan bedniereba sulidan modis. Tu suliT ver galaRdi, ramdeni fulic ginda, imdeni gqon-des _ mogxuTavs da SeiZleba dagaxrCos kidec. àna frankis dRiuri~ gavixsenoT Tundac: gogona, romelic imdeni xani SiSsa da sikvdilis molodinSi cxovrobda, mainc laRi da bednieri iyo, radgan yovelTvis gamoxatavda sakuTar grZnobebs. Tu aravisTan lapara-kobda, werda mainc. arsebobs erTi SesaniSnavi sabavSvo wigni, romelic mogviTxrobs biW-ze, romelmac didZal qonebaSi sakuTari sicili gacvala da rogorc ki gaRimeba veRar SeZlo, maSinve mixvda, rom bedniereba Zvirfas tansacmelsa da uamrav saWmelSi ki ara, mis laR kiskisSi iyo, romelsac guls ayolebda xolme.

`lara~ (ix. IV variantis #2 weriTi davaleba)

èrTxel Cemkenac gamoixeda, Cveni Tvalebi erTmaneTs Sexvdnen. oo, TvalebSi mainc sin-diyis simZime da sicive edga~, _ mTxrobelis SeSfoTeba warmoaCens laras mamis deformi-rebul, mZime suls. garSemomyofebis gancdaTa fonze Riavdeba, iSleba kacis zogadi fsi-qotipi garkveuli warsuliT, fiqrebiT, miznebiT. mis yovel gamoCenas Tan sdevs gaucno-bierebeli SiSi, SeZrwuneba. gankacebuli boroteba dauZlurebulia, Tumca kvlav ibrZvis aRsazeveblad. totalitaruli reJimis monstris garegnoba misi samSvinvelis, fsiqikis identuria. Tvalebi ireklavs dafarul Sinagan `mes~: `me ar minaxavs, rogora aqvT gadmo-

karkluli Tvalebi CamoxrCobilebs... magram im dRis Semdeg sul ase mgonia, aseTi saSine-li Tvalebi arc erT damxrCvals ar eqneba~.

personaJis sulier moZraobas, moqmedebis dinamikas sabWoTa socialisturi sistemisT-vis damaxasiaTebeli fanatizmi, avadmyofuri erTguleba ganapirobebs. umaduri `viRac di-di ufrosisTvis~ ugulebelyofs laras Tavdadebas, sakuTar `sisxlsa da xorcs~ abez-Rebs, gaurkveveli momavlisTvis imetebs. kacis mxatvruli saxe emsgavseba jorj oruelis romanSi _ `1984~ _ aRweril `sabWosebr adamianTa~ fsiqologiur portretebs. socializ-mis zombebi `siyvarulis saministroSi~ abezReben axloblebs, naTesavebs, nacnobebs. re-vaz inaniSvili swored amgvari `reJimis zombebze~, fitulze gviambobs.

epizodis Tema mxatvruli xerxebiTaa realizebuli. fsevdogmiris sulieri portretis Seqmnisas mniSvnelovania epiTetebi: `gadmokarkluli~, `davrdomili~, `distrofirebuli~... garemos suraTis ukeT aRsaqmelad hiperbolizebulia idiomi: `SemaSfoTebeli siCume da uZraoba daawva Cvens sadarbazos~. mizanTropis pirovnuli `me~ `literaturuli amocane-biT~ _ metaforebiTaa aRwerili: `TvalebSi mainc sindiyis simZime da sicive edga~, `saSine-li hqonda piric, deformirebuli Savi Rru~. teqstis mxatvrul efeqts aZlierebs frazeo-logizmi: `mware Rimili gaukrTa bageze~. sasven niSanTa, konkretulad ki mZimeTa, simrav-le Txrobas gradaciulobas, dinamikas matebs. personaJTa emociis, ganwyobis aRsaqmelad umniSvnelovanesia Sorisdebulebi _ òo, TvalebSi mainc...~ mwerali saTqmels pirvel pirSi gadmogvcems. SesamCnevia revaz inaniSvilisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli eqspresiuloba.

epizodis moralur-eTikuri problema XX saukunisTvis kargad nacnob zneobriv gada-gvarebas, degradirebas ukavSirdeba. vgmob ra laras mamis tips, sabWoTa kavSirSi formi-rebul `CamSvebTa~ instituts, Cemi apaTia, siZulvili emsgavseba mwerliseul protests. kaci moraluri gaxrwnis, dakninebis `sayovelTao~ magaliTia: `jibeSi edo mxolod sam furcelze dawerili da oTxad gakecili werili~, _ umTavresi iaraRi Svilisa da Svili-Svilis gasanadgureblad. mama-Svilis Tvisobrivi kontrastis fonze ibadeba revaz inaniSvilis mTavari saTqme-li _ didbunebovani adamianebi iobis moTminebiT itanen miyenebul tkivils, cxovrebise-ul gansacdels. laras saxiT mwerali Tavdadebis, moTminebis apologias qmnis: `lara aravisTan gaCerebula, aravisTvis SeuCivlia, rogorc viciT xolme...~ qalis Sinagani xati msgavsia oTar WilaZis romanis _ `yovelman Cemman mpovnelman~ _ gmirisa: ana yvelas sWir-deboda, rogorc monasters monazoni... Tumca, rogorc laras, arc mas ufasebdnen Tavda-debas, gacemul energias. mamisTvis Tavganwiruli laras fatumi ubralod ase SeiZleba davaxasiaToT: `yovelman Cemman mpovnelman momklas me!..~


`davrdomili~, `distrofirebuli~, `TiTqos daSlili~ _ ase gvixasiaTebs epizodis da-sawyisSi avtori laras napatimral mamas. misi sulieri da fizikuri mdgomareoba kargad Cans. is dabeCavebuli, davrdomilia, damoukideblad gadaadgilebis unaric ar SerCenia. rogorc avtori aRniSnavs, àseTi saSineli Tvalebi arc erT damxrCvals ar eqneba~. Tu `Tvalebi sulis sarkea~, maSin am kacs suli saerTod aRar aqvs. misi movla imdenad um-ZimT laras da mis Svils, rom sxva saqmisTvis dro aRarc rCebaT. moxuci Tavdapirvelad mkiTxvelSi did sibraluls iwvevs. SeuZlebelia, momakvdavi adamianis mdgomareobis da-xatvisas Tanalmobis grZnoba ar gagviCndes, magram uecrad vxedavT, rom moxuci sakuTar Svilsa da SviliSvils dasmenas upirebs, radgan isini àkrZalul xils~ agemovneben, uc-xour radiosadgurs usmenen da miRebul informaciebs xalxSi avrceleben. dasmenis weril-Si isicaa naTqvami, rom isini ìzolirebuli unda iqnen sazogadoebisgan~. mama dasaRupad imetebs Svils, romelmac ar daizara misi fexze dayeneba, uwuravda aTasgvar wvens, xorcs patara bavSviviT aWmevda. Cven Tvalwin ixateba personaJis saxe, romelic umaduria ojaxis mimarT, fanatizmiTaa Sepyrobili. misi cnobiereba damyayebuli, azrovneba ki da-Waobebulia. àzris policias~ kargad umuSavia! rogorc Cans, `rkinis bawari~ yelze kar-gad mouWires da Cakles masSi pirovneba, individi, aqcies sulgayidul adamianad. roca

laras mama ambobs: `Cveni qveynisTvis mtrul gadmocemebs usmendneno~, sityvaSi _ `Cveni~, sabWoTa kavSirs gulisxmobs, `gigantis Soltis muskulebi~ rom mouqnia. igi usamSobloo kacad qceula, sakuTari ojaxis dasmena rom ar uWirs, sakuTar SviliSvils partias ana-cvalebs da amitomac, albaT, `bedi mdevaris~ sasjelic swori da logikuria, igi fostis jixurTan uecrad kvdeba.

avtori imdenad zustad warmogviCens laras mamis mxatvrul saxes, rom misi portreti warmogvidgeba Tvalwin, TiTqos vxedavT sityvebs, dasmenis werilSi rom weria. maxsendeba `Cakluli sulis~ mTavari gmiri, bolSevikebiT daSinebuli, megobars rom gascems. aseve `1984~, romlis mTavar personaJs `siyvarulis saministrom~ ver aswavla 2+2=5, koleqtiur-ma azrma orive gmiri mainc ver dajabna, gansxvavebiT laras mamisgan, romelic susti aR-moCnda da sakuTari goneba nebayoflobiT dauTmo tiranebs samarTavad.

avtori teqstis mTavari saTqmelis gadmosacemad sxvadasxva mxatvrul-gamomsaxvelobiT saSualebas iyenebs. magaliTad, napatimrali moxucis fizikur mdgomareobas aRwers epiTe-tebiT: `daSlili~, àreul-dareuli~, `gaararavebuli~. mamis `RalatiT~ damwuxrebul la-raze ambobs: `mqrqali mware Rimili gaukrTa bageze~, kacis dabrunebiT gamowveul mdgo-mareobas aRwers metaforiT: `SemaSfoTebeli siCume da uZraoba daawva Cvens sadarbazos~, moxucis Tvalebs isev metaforiT aRwers: `TvalebSi mainc sindiyis simZime da sicive ed-ga~. avtoris Txrobis stili ar aris rTuli, igi dinamikuri da eqspresiulia, gansakuT-rebiT maSin, roca fostasTan moxucis waqcevis epizods aRwers. am mxatvruli Tavisebu-rebebiT teqstis ZiriTadi saTqmeli ufro cxadia, emociac, romelic mkiTxvels wakiTxvi-sas eufleba, gamZafrebulia.

maxsendeba federiko felinis filmi àmarkordi~. erT epizodSi musolinis Tavi amo-izrdeba miwidan, am dros adamianebi SiSnarevi TvalebiT iyurebian, paralelurad, jaris-kacebi gauTaveblad moZraoben maT irgvliv. es magaliTi tiranuli reJimis zegavlenas asaxavs adamianebze, romlebic SiSma usaxur marionetebad aqcia. me laras mamasac aseT marionetad moviazreb, romelsac SiSma ojaxis gayidva aiZula. `moralur gaxrwnad~ me sulac ar aRviqvam ucxouri radiosadguris mosmenas. `rkinis farda~, romelic Tavis droze Camoefara Tavisufal samyarosa da sadamsjelo sistemas _ ssrk-s Soris, bevris-Tvis Tavisuflebis SemzRudveli ar aRmoCnda. CemSi moxuci saocar sibraluls iwvevs imitom, rom ver SeZlo winaaRmdegoba gaewia im ZalisTvis, romelmac gonebaSi uazro, Za-ladobrivi sistemis erTguleba STaunerga. sabWoTa fanatizmiT Sepyrobili moxuci uZ-luri aRmoCnda. me vfiqrob, rom yvela adamianisgan ver moviTxovT erTgulebas, zogi amisTvis mzad ar aris. arc is mikvirs, adamianma Svilis dasmena rom ganizraxa. totali-taruli reJimebis `monapovaria~ e. w. CamSvebi adamianebis gamowrToba. vfiqrob, yoveli Za-ladobrivi sistema Tavis sakireSi xarSavs moxucisnair adamianebs.


revaz inaniSvilis moTxrobaSi `lara~ aRwerilia moralur-eTikuri problema, rome-lic fanatizmiT Sepyrobil, umadur Cinovniks exeba. nawarmoebis erT-erTi personaJia la-ras napatimrali mama, romelmac ToTxmet weliwadze meti gaatara cixeSi da axla mTlad davrdomili da distrofirebuli gamovida gareT. avtori yofili patimris garegnobis aRweriT gviCvenebs, rom igi imdenadaa dauZlurebuli, ukve sikvdilis pirasaa misuli. rogorc teqstidan vigebT, laras mamis dabruneba iwvevs areulobas, dabneulobasa da sevdas deda-SvilSi. Cans, ojaxis wevrebi yvelafers akeTebdnen imisaTvis, rom fexze da-eyenebinaT yofili Cinovniki. mwerali larasa da Julienis saqmianobiT aRwers im Tavgan-wirul erTgulebas, romelic maT gaaCndaT da swored am Tavdauzogavi Sromis damsaxu-reba iyo is, rom oTxi Tvis Semdeg laras mama fexze dadga.

avtors laras mamis garegnobis aRweriT surs Caswvdes personaJis sulier samyaros, magaliTad, Tvalebis aRwerisas mwerali ambobs, rom yofil Cinovniks TvalebSi sindiyis simZime da sicive edga, riTac gviCvenebs, rom personaJi Sinaganad degradirebuli adamia-nia. revaz inaniSvili laras mamis saxiT gvixatavs sistemis mier gamowrTobil adamians,

romlisTvisac ucxoa ojaxis wevrebis siyvaruli, ver afasebs maT mier gaRebul amags, cdilobs daasminos isini da amiT aimaRlos dacemuli reputacia. aravis sWirdeboda is uazro fanatizmi sistemisadmi, romelic am adamians gaaCnda, magram masSi CabeWdili rwme-na da uazro erTguleba sabWoTa kavSirisadmi ufro Zlieri aRmoCnda, romelmac gadafa-ra yovelgvari siyvarulis grZnoba da dasmenisaken ubiZga umadur adamians, amiT ki avtor-ma sistemis znedacemuli mxare warmogvidgina.

saTqmelis ukeT gadmosacemad mwerali iyenebs mxatvrul saSualebebs, magaliTad epi-TetebiTaa aRwerili SemaSfoTebeli siCume, riTac daZabul situacias gvixatavs. gamoyene-bulia metafora `TvalebSi mainc sindiyis simZime da sicive edga~, Sedarebaa gamoyenebu-li Julienis karg momvlelTan Sedarebisas. Tu davakvirdebiT, Txroba eqspresiulia, da-Zabuli, saintereso, romelic gadmocemulia larasa da Julienis mezoblis mier.

Cemi azriT, teqstSi wamoWrili problema metad mZimea da ar aris gaTvlili mxolod erT ojaxze. vfiqrob, rom amiT mwerali gviCvenebs sistemis uaryofiT mxares, romlisTvi-sac ucxoa zneobrivi idealebi. Caketil garemoSi awrTobdnen adamianebs, romlebsac ar SeswevdaT siyvarulis unari. paraleli SegviZlia gavavloT moTxrobasTan `Cakluli su-li~, sadac ioseb stalini xasiaTdeba adamianad, romelsac ar hqonda organo siyvarulis-Tvis. swored amaSia mTeli sakacobrio problema. sistemaSi momwyvdeuli adamianebis az-rovneba metad gansxvavebulia, maTi azrovnebis areali ar scildeba am Caketilobas da, albaT, amitomacaa maTTvis aseTi prioritetuli uazro erTguleba da fanatizmi, romel-mac SeiZleba daCrdilos iseTi adamianuri grZnoba, rogorc, magaliTad, ojaxuri siyva-rulia.

yovelive zemoT Tqmulidan gamomdinare, Cemi damokidebuleba teqstSi wamoWrili prob-lemis mimarT calsaxaa da vTvli, rom sistemam SeiZleba warmoSvas wesrigi, magram anad-gurebs yvelafer imas, rac cxovrebaSi lamazi da misaRebia. mis mier gamowrTobili ada-miani uazrod morCili da dabeCavebuli xdeba, aseTi pirovneba ki laras mamaa, romelic CemTvis miuRebeli adamiania.


adamiani biologiurad da fsiqologiurad `meqanizmia~. mxolod mas ZaluZs iseTi sa-ocrebebis Cadena, rogorebic penicilinis Seqmna da uamravi sicocxlis gadarCenaa da `holokostis~ mowyobac, raTa xelis erTi mosmiT aTasebi gaanadguros.

revaz inaniSvilis moTxrobis mocemul nawyvetSi laras mamis saxe mwerlis mier marT-lac saocradaa asaxuli. ra SeiZleba vuwodoT aseT arsebas? ucnauri, axirebuli kaci? deformirebuli, uzneo araraoba Tu ubralod fanatikosi? mixeil javaxiSvils daveses-xebi da `nakacarsac~ davumateb im epiTetebis grZel sias, romlebiTac revaz inaniSvili àmkobs~ Tavis personaJs (Tumca, amis gamo, vgoneb, Teimuraz xevisTavi ufro miwyenda).

moTxrobis dawyebisTanave mwerali gvamzadebs laras mamis qmedebebisTvis, `daSlil~ da àreul-dareul~ kacad warmogvidgens. erTgvar Jruantels gvgvris sityvebi _ aseTi gadmokarkluli Tvalebi mxolod CamoxrCobils Tu eqnebao.

mxolod xorcia am kacisa aseTi gaxrwnili? ara, sulic misi anareklia _ `deformire-buli Savi Rru~! laras mamis aRsawerad gamoviyeneb iseT sityvebs, rogorebicaa: `saWuri-si~ da `mona~ da mizezsac axlave ganvmartav: àra sxeulis, aramed sulis saWurisobas hqvia monoba da vinc sxvas arTmevs Tavisuflebas, monaa isic~ (oTar WilaZe, àdamiani ga-zeTis svetSi~).

laras mamas Cven, mkiTxveli, erTgvari imediTac SevyurebT: iqneb am `daSlili~ kacis ferflidan feniqsi unda wamoimarTos? iqneb rogori siyvaruli da pativiscema unda mia-gos deda-Svils sanacvlod?.. da uceb... guldawyvetiT vambobT: àrca kudi ZaRlisa gani-marTebis da arca kirCxibi marTlad vals~. qarTuli andaza ki ufro sastikad gamogvex-mianeboda: `kuzians samare gaasworebs~.

mocemuli teqstidan vigebT, laras mama partiuli muSaki an uSiSroebis sabWos Tanam-Sromeli unda yofiliyo. vin icis, vis sulSi afaTurebda xelebs (amitom Tu gauSavda).

yovelive amis Semdeg eg kaci mTlianadaa gaxrwnili, gadagvarebuli, àseTad darCeba uka-nasknel amosunTqvamde~. cota Tu SevibralebT, msxverplic SegviZlia vuwodoT: wiTeli teroris erT-erTi, rigiTi msxverpli. maxsendeba kuzma kilgas fraza haki aZbas mimarT: ès mona adamianad mainc aRar ivargebda~. sinamdvileSi, es fraza laras mamas ufro Seh-feris. igi fanatizmisa da umadurobis srulyofili gansaxierebaa, Rirseuli mamis (re-Jims vgulisxmob) Rirseuli Svili. igi magonebs berzins grigol robaqiZis `Cakluli su-lidan~: uRmerTo, usxeulo da uTvistomo, mxolod ideisa da `diadi qveynis~ morCili. berzinic xom ar aZlevs Tavs uflebas natas siyvarulisas, gpu-s TanamSromlis gonebas guli ver unda moerios. laras mama ki TiTqos saZageli siamayiT abezRebs Svilsa da Svi-liSvils, cxovelis instiqtiTRa moqmedebs: patrons icavs ucxo mtrisagan.

revaz inaniSvili personaJebs pirdapiri daxasiaTebis gziTac warmogvidgens (`gamxda-ri kidev ufro gaxda~, gaSavebuli xelebi~ da sxv.). misi epiTetebi zustad xvdeba mizans da mkiTxvelze did STabeWdilebas axdens (`gadmokarkluli Tvalebi~, `SemaSfoTebeli siCume~, `mqrqali, mware Rimili~ da a. S.). arc Sedarebebis naklebobas ganvicdiT, es Ti-Toeuli niuansis ukeT danaxvaSi gvexmareba (`Julieni... kargi momvleliviT dastrialeb-da~), metaforiT ki saocari sicxadiT aris warmodgenili laras mamis namdvili saxe (`Tva-lebSi mainc sindiyis simZime da sicive edga~).

mwerlis Txrobis stili dinamikuria. gafacicebiT vadevnebT Tvals personaJebis qmede-bebs, avtori, am SemTxvevaSi, xom personaJicaa. mis kvaldakval vxdebiT TiToeuli movle-nis mowme. es gansakuTrebul mravalferovnebas sZens teqsts da mkiTxvelsac meti emoci-iT avsebs.

me piradad guli mwydeba larasa da Julienis gamo. maTi Tavganwirva uangaroa, siyva-ruli _ wminda, magram cxovrebaa sastiki da isinic reJimis msxverplni arian. totalita-rizmi spobs adamianTa fsiqikas da, laras mamasaviT, xalxs sakuTar `mes~ akargvinebs, jojoxeTis qurumebad aqcevs. maT `hmarTebT~ dabezReba, Suri, ciliswameba, sakuTar sis-xlsa da xorcsac aRar indoben.

CemTvis miuRebelia yovelgvari Zaladoba, yovelgvari gaxrwna adamianis sulisa da gonebisa. sabolood ra moaqvs amas? àn sikvdili an gamarjveba~! Tu mokvdi, ese igi rep-resiebs Seewire da ai, Tu gaimarjve, zixar sadme baRSi da berlioziviT (mixeil bulga-kovi, òstati da margarita~) vinme ùvics~ umtkiceb, rom qriste arc yofila da pilate xom monaWoria. sinamdvileSi, albaT, gasagebia risi Tqmac msurs: yovelgvari reJimi, rome-lic adamians `ciT monaber suls~ akargvinebs da `gaararavebul berikacad~ aqcevs, dasag-mobia da ara mxolod erTi pirovnebis, aramed mTeli kacobriobis mier.

sagangebod unda gavamaxviloT yuradReba 2013 wlis erTiani erovnuli gamocdebis

dros gamovlenil sagangaSo viTarebaze: abiturientTa sakmaod didma nawilma ver gaigo revaz inaniSvilis moTxrobis, `laras~, SeTavazebuli monakveTis mTavari saTqmeli. me-tic, maT avtoris mizandasaxulobis sapirispiro Sinaarsi amoikiTxes teqstSi _ Svilisa da SviliSvilis damsmeni mama daaxasiaTes, rogorc qveynis patrioti da, zog SemTxvevaSi, saqarTvelos damoukideblobisaTvis mebrZolic ki. TavisTavad cxadia, rom aseTi kurio-zi gamoiwvia saqarTvelos istoriis am konkretuli periodis arcodnam, Tumc abiturien-tebs moeTxovebaT istoriul-kulturuli konteqstis codna _ sxvagvarad SeuZlebelia, Tundac, mixeil javaxiSvilisa da polikarpe kakabaZis im teqstebis adekvaturi gaazreba, romlebic sagamocdo programaSia miTiTebuli. sagamocdo davalebebis nimuSTa krebulis formati ar iZleva imis saSualebas, safuZvlianad gavaanalizoT Cveni saswavlo proce-sis es seriozuli xarvezi, amisaTvis mizanSewonilia didi sajaro diskusiis wamowyeba. amjerad ki am teqstis araadekvaturad gagebis mxolod oriode nimuSs SevTavazebT mkiTx-vels.


mocemul teqstSi revaz inaniSvilis moTxrobidan `lara~ avtori gadmogvcems laras mamis patriotuli suliskveTebis Sesaxeb. Tu rogor Zlierad uyvars misi samSoblo da mzadaa emsaxuros ukanasknel amosunTqvamde.

mas damsaxurebebi miuZRoda saqveyno saqmeebSi. borotma adamianebma misi Rvawli ar daafases. is ewama, magram cixidan gamosvlis Semdeg roca gamojanmrTelda da fexze Sed-ga man kvlav ganagrZo samSoblosaTvis samsaxuri. is Zalian kargi mama iyo, radgan wina-aRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, lara misTvis Tavs ar Seiwuxebda. mas imdeni dro sWirdeboda mamis movlaSi, rom arafrisTvis aRar ecala.

SeeZlo ki saerTod daemala misi Svilis da SviliSvilis saidumlo tranzistoris Se-saxeb? raTqmaunda SeeZlo magram es ar gaakeTa. man Tavisi qveynis moqalaqeebis moralur gaxrwnas SeuSala xeli Tavisi qmedebiT, rac mis Rirsebas da patriotizms usvams xazs. misi amgvari qmedeba SeiZleba CaiTvalos umadurobad da gulgrilobad radgan avadmyo-fobis dros swored lara dastrialebda Tavs, uvlida, patronobda. misTvis dros da energias ar iSurebda, swored misi Svilis da SviliSvilis dauzaravi movliT SeZlo man fexze wamodgoma. magram gamojanmrTelebis Semdeg ra gaukeTa maT? isini daasmina da pa-timrobisTvis gawira. amgvari misi qmedeba SeiZleba arasamarTlianad CaiTvalos magram mas amis mizezi Hhqonda

am teqstis mTavari azriT r. inaniSvils surda, rom CvenTvis TvalsaCino gamxdariyo am personaJis saSualebiT, rom adamians sakuTari samSoblos keTildReobis mizniT SeuZ-lia sakuTar ojaxis wevrebzec ki uari ganacxados.

Cemi azriT am adamianma swori nabiji gadadga. man sakuTari qveynis interesebi ojaxze maRla daayena da amiT sakuTari samSoblos interesebi daicva. ai aseTi adamianebi arian Cveni drois zneobrivi gmirebi. maTi aseTi qmedebiT movediT dRes Cvens dRevandel yofa-Si. arian ki dResac aseTi adamianebi? raTqmaunda arian, magram samwuxarod cota. dRes-dReobiT cotaa im adamianTa ricxvi vinc aseTi patriotuli suliskveTebiT gamoirCeva.


mocemul monakveTSi laras mama aris Tavisi qveynis didi patrioti. mas uangarod uy-vars Tavisi samSoblo, ris gamoc igi ojaxsac ki wiravs. warmoudgenlad didia misi pat-riotuli suliskveTeba da saqarTvelosaTvis Tavdadeba. igi mebrZoli sulis adamiania da samSobloze fanatikurad Seyvarebuli, rac naTlad da mkafiod Cans teqstSi. me vfiq-rob cota ar aris udanaSaulod ToTxmeti weli gaataro cixeSi amis Semdeg ki gawiro erTaderTi Svili da SviliSvili qarTveli xalxis gadasarCenad, im xalxis, romelTac naklebad sjerodaT Seni udanaSaulobis. adamianTa umetesobas SeiZleba laras mamis am-gvari qmedeba umadurobad CaeTvalaT, Tumca me am azrs ar viziareb da vfiqrob, rom igi sworad moiqca. me vfiqrob avtors gamiznulad mihyavs moxuci fostasTan, raTa migvaxved-ros mis ganzraxvas. teqstSi mravali mxatvruli xerxia gamoyenebuli laras mamis gareg-nuli da Sinagani mdgomareobis gadmosacemad. magaliTad, metafora, romelic moxucis sulier mdgomareobas aRwers: `TvalebSi mainc sindiyis simZime da sicive edga~. aseve mi-si fizikuri aRwerisTvis avtori iyenebs frazas: `gadmoiyvanes manqanidan laram da Ro-nierma kacma viRac TiTqos daSlili, areul-dareuli~.

avtori teqstSi iyenebs mraval mxatvrul xerxs. igi siuJets monologis xerxiT mogviT-xrobs, rac gansakuTrebulobas sZens teqsts. mocemul monakveTSi mravladaa gamoyenebu-li avtoriseuli azri da xSiradac gamoTqvams sakuTar Tvalsazriss mocemul sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT. mwerali, rogorc metaforas aseve iyenebs gapirovnebis xerxs: `SemaSfoTe-beli siCume da uZraoba daawva Cvens sadarbazos~. aseve minda aRvniSno, rom avtori gan-sakuTrebiT gvixasiaTebs laras mdgomareobas. mamis erTguleba da mis gadasarCenad Tav-dauzogavi Sroma mis keTil da mosiyvarule bunebaze miuTiTebs, Tumca bolos avtori ra-

dikalurad gvicvlis azrs mis mimarT da uceb aRmovaCenT, rom es erTi usityvo da gulCa-Txrobili gogo Turme moRalatea. es kontrasti ki kidev ufro sainteresos xdis teqsts.

rogorc viciT saqarTvelo es aris qveyana, romelsac mravali omi aqvs gadatanili ma-Ti umravlesoba ki isev qarTveli xalxis orgulobam ganapiroba. me minda gavixseno fil-mi: `maia wyneTeli~, romelSic naTlad Cans qarTveli xalxis moRalateobrivi da orguli buneba. uamravi Sinaomi axsovs qveynis istorias swored Cveni mTavari personaJis _ laras msgavsi moRalate qarTvelebis gamo. ai laras mamis msgavsi qarTveli ki samwuxarod uf-ro naklebi hyavda qveyanas. amitomac me dadebiTad SemiZlia Sevafaso misi Tavganwirva da movuwodo yvelas amgvari qmedebisken.

Cemi azriT dasafasebelia im gmirTa saqmeebi, romlebmac dRes aqamde mogviyvana da da-saZraxia iseTi moRalateebis qmedebebi, rogoric Tundac mocemuli teqstis mixedviT la-ram da Tavisma Svilma Caidines.

argumentirebuli eses saukeTeso nimuSebi (stili yvelgan daculia):

(davalebis piroba ix. III variantSi)

televizias sakmaod didi adgili uWiravs sazogadoebaSi. igi sazogadoebis informi-rebis erT-erTi udidesi saSualebaa. didi mniSvneloba aqvs informaciis siswores, Tu ramdenad obieqturadaa igi gadmocemuli. me veTanxmebi mosazrebas, rom axalgazrdebis msoflmxedvelobis CamoyalibebaSi did rols asrulebs televizia. igi udidesi iaraRia xalxis samarTavad. sakmarisia mcire satelevizio propaganda, rom sazogadoebis, umete-sad ki axalgazrdobis, azrovneba davimorCiloT. msoflioSi televiziis da satelefono arxebis gaCenas SedarebiT gvian, 90-ianebSi, mohyva `komerciuli Wrebis~ _ reklamebis ga-Cena. reklamebma male daipyro msoflio da sazogadoebis SedarebiT susti azrovnebis mqone nawilis _ axalgazrdebis gemovneba Camoayaliba. Seayvara is produqcia, romelsac ufro mimzidveli reklama hqonda.

„Cven vwyvetT dRes, Tu ra mogindebaT xval!“ _ es frederik begbederis, msxvili fran-guli sareklamo kompaniis yofili kreatiuli menejerisa da cnobili mwerlis sityvebia. igi Tavis nawarmoebSi „99 franki“ naTlad asaxavs im Zalas, romelic sazogadoebas mar-Tavs: sareklamo rgolebSi naCveneb Sokoladisfer, seqsualur qalebs, romlebic unak-lod gamoiyurebian; mudam mwvane mindvrebs da mudam lamaz cas. axalgazrdebis umetesoba im samyaroSia gamoketili, romelsac begbederi aRwers da sinamdvileSi ar arsebobs. ma-galiTad, axalgazrda biWi, romelmac televizorSi avtomobilis reklama naxa da moewo-na, mTeli weli muSaobs, agrovebs fuls, iklebs siamovnebas, unda iseTive magari „tipi“ iyos, rogoric reklamaSi im axali avtomobilis mflobelia. roca biWi fuls Seagro-vebs, aRmoaCens, rom avtomobilis firmam ukve gaumjobesebuli modeli gamouSva, romelic bevrad jobia Zvels. biWi axali modelisTvis iwyebs damatebiT fulis Segrovebas da elodeba im nanatr dros, roca reklamaSi nanax samyaroSi Seva, sadac yvelaferi „vardis-feria“ da sinamdvileSi ar arsebobs.

safrangeTidan davbrundeT saqarTveloSi. aviRoT 2008 wlis omis magaliTi, rodesac ori frontis xazi iyo: erTi realuri da meore _ satelevizio. satelevizio propagandam mogvca Sedegi. dRes qarTvelebs sZulT ruseTi da rusebs _ piriqiT. qarTvelebi rusebs adanaSauleben omSi da rusebi _ qarTvelebs, Tumca aravin icis, ra moxda sinamdvileSi. maT ician mxolod is, rac televizorSi moismines.

Cemi azriT, televiziam Tavisi Zalebis maqsimumi 90-ianebidan dRemde ukve gamoiyena da axla nel-nela meore planze gadadis. mizezi televiziis Sesustebisa ara sazogadoebis gamofxizleba, aramed ufro Zlieri da yovlismomcveli Zalis _ internetis gamoCenaa.

zogadad, propagandisgan Tavis daRweva SeuZleblad mimaCnia, magram konkretulad te-leviziasTan brZola SesaZlebelia mkacri kontrolis dawesebiT, reklamebis maqsimalu-rad Semcirebis da SemecnebiTi gadacemebis momravlebis xarjze.

(davalebis piroba ix. III variantSi)

jadosnur yuTSi molaparakeebs teleekrans miRma aRaravin eZebs. metic, yuTis jados-nobas yavli gauvida, „axali xili“ aRar aris, mayurebels ki misdami interesi ar ganele-bia. satelevizio gadacemebs Tvals adevneben mozardebic. aRsaniSnavia, rom evropaSi ga-cilebiT naklebi mozardi uyurebs televizors, vidre saqarTveloSi. ganviTarebul qvey-nebSi miaCniaT, rom televizias ar ZaluZs swori Rirebulebebi Caunergos axalgazrdas. germaniis eleqtroteqnikis maRaziebSi yvelaze naklebad televizori iyideba. Cans, Tval-sawieris gasafarToeblad sxva rames iyeneben. saqarTvelos TiTqmis yvela ojaxSi aris es mowyobiloba. amiT Tavs iqcevs yvela Taoba.

sazogadoebis nawili fiqrobs, rom axalgazrdebis msoflxedvis CamoyalibebaSi tele-vizias udidesi roli aqvs. faqtebis safuZvelze askvnian, rom am ukanasknels mniSvnelo-vani gavlena aqvs axal Taobaze. sociumis mcire nawili uaryofs mediis amgvar funqcias. is miiCnevs, rom mas msoflxedvis Camoyalibeba da pirovnebis formireba ar SeuZlia. sam-wuxarod, uamravi bavSvi Tu mozardi saaTobiT iwamleba uxarisxo gadacemebiT. maT azrov-nebaze mniSvnelovnad moqmedebs televiziiT gavrcelebuli informacia. amgvarad, vfiq-rob, rom axalgazrdebis msoflxedvis formirebaSi televizias udidesi zegavlena aqvs.

media Seiqmna masebisTvis. yvelas ar xelewifeba sakuTar sulierebaze zrunva. rogorc m. javaxiSvili ambobda, xalxis udidesi nawili wabaZviT azrovnebs da sakuTari azri ar gaaCniao. sazogadoebis es nawili Tavs iqcevs televiziiT, udrtvinvelad iRebs iq gacxa-debul ideebs.

sulxan-saba orbeliani individuumis ganviTarebis umTavres pirobad wvrTnas saxavs. leonis aRzrdis meTodebi jumberis sulier ganviTarebas emsaxureboda. amasve amtkicebs daviT guramiSvili „swavla moswavleTaSi“:

„nu genaRvlebis swavlazed yrmis wkeplis cemiT kivili, mal gamrTeldebis uwamlod misi wylurebis tkivili“.

misi azriT, mas Semdeg, rac moswavle swavlas srulyofs, ganisvenebs. televizia ki mozardis suls ver wvrTnis da amas verasdros moaxerxebs. misi uxarisxo, masebisTvis Seqmnili gadacemebi amaxinjebs mozardis azrTa bades. gasarTobi Souebi mdare iumoris wyaroa. SemecnebiTi gadacemebis aSkara naklebobaa, Tumca panacea arc esaa. bavSvebi, cxov-rebisagan gamoubrZmedelebi, ibeWdaven televizorSi mosmenils. eris saubedurod, maTi suli maxinjdeba, msoflxedva maTi jebirSi eqceva. evropaSi ase ar aris. mozardebi dro-is umetes nawils skolaSi atareben, kiTxuloben wignebs an misdeven TavianT gatacebas. maTi cxovreba mravalferovania. satelevizio gadacemebi maTTvis mosawyenia. amis erT-er-Ti mizezi, uciloblad, ekonomikuri ganviTarebis donea. qveynis ekonomikazea damokidebu-li TiTqmis yvela socialuri problema. qarTvel bavSvs naklebi Tavisufleba aqvs, ake-Tos sayvareli saqme. is dabeCavebulia yofiTi problemebiT. marTalia, wignis wakiTxva yvelas xelewifeba, Tumca mciredTa bednierebaa iqidan WeSmariti arsis amokiTxva. es yve-las ar moeTxoveba. suli yoveli adamianisa individualuria, saWiroebs ganviTarebas. mo-zards unda Seeqmnas piroba, raTa aRmoaCinos Tavisi gataceba da misdios mas. televizia, ra Tqma unda, am SesaZleblobas ar iZleva. is gmanavs yvela im WuWrutas, saidanac naTe-li Semodis. televizias mijaWvulTa msoflxedva viwroa, azrovneben wabaZviT, uxorTumo spiloebs hgvanan, advilad samarTavni arian. saqarTveloSi ramdenime weliwadSi erTxel tardeba statistikuri gamokvleva. Sedegebi savalaloa. axalgazrdebi yoveldRe uyure-ben uxarisxo gadacemebs. sabednierod, aris inteleqtualuri Sou qarTul telesivrceSi _ „ra? sad? rodis?“, Tumc mTeli kvira mdare sanaxaobebiT gajerebuls is ver uSvelis.

SveicariaSi fsiqologebma akrZales bavSvebisa da mozardebisaTvis or saaTze met xans televizoris yureba. ingliseli reJisoris, devid brunos, dokumenturi filmi am Temas eZRvneba. filmSi naxsenebia, rom gamosxiveba zians ayenebs janmrTelobas da zrdis leikemiiT daavadebis risks.

filmSi fsiqologebi, aRmzrdelebi, mSoblebi erTxmad amtkiceben, rom televizia aC-lungebs mozards, radgan swrafad sTavazobs uamrav informacias. maT gaanalizebas mo-zardi ver aswrebs. droTa ganmavlobaSi mas uyalibdeba msoflxedva, viwro, moSxamuli.

televizia spobs individuumis Tavisufal ganviTarebas. is axalgazrdas Clung da beCav arsebad ayalibebs.

Cemi xedviT, televizia momavalSic mniSvnelovan zegavlenas moaxdens axalgazrdebze. saukeTeso gamosavali pedagogTa da mSobelTa dauRalavi mcdelobaa, miscen individs az-ris Tavisufleba. sazogadoebis gaumjobesebisTvis aucilebelia Semcirdes televiziis roli. mjera, saqarTveloSic dadgeba sulieri aRorZinebis xana.

(davalebis piroba ix. IV variantSi)

XXI saukune CvenTvis sruliad civilizebuli da demokratiulia, Tumca arsebobs Cvens cxovrebiseul sistemaSi xarvezebi. sazogadoebis nawili miiCnevs, rom sityvis Tavi-sufleba ufro mniSvnelovania, vidre adamianis piradi cxovrebis xelSeuxebloba.

sityvis Tavisufleba, ra Tqma unda, mniSvnelovania, magram mainc unda iyos SezRudu-li. JRers arademokratiulad, magram arseboben adamianTa jgufebi, magaliTad, neonacis-tebi, romlebic am Tavisuflebas arasworad iyeneben, konkretulad, rasist-nacisturi ideebis propagandisa da gavrcelebis mizniT. am SemTxvevaSi sityvis Tavisufleba mavnebe-lia sazogadoebisaTvis.

piradi cxovrebis xelSeuxeblobac Zalian mniSvnelovania, swored amisTvis ibrZvis edvard snoudeni, aSS-is mTavrobis yofili agenti-dezertiri. misi azriT, mTavroba ar unda akontrolebdes adamianTa pirad cxovrebas, Tumca amasac dadebiTi mxare aqvs _ uam-ravi teroristi daiWires swored satelefono xazebis, elfostisa da sabanko angariSe-bis kontroliT. amis winaaRmdeg ibrZvis is, visac rame aralegaluri aqvs dasamali. sno-udenis `sityvis Tavisuflebam~ biZgi misca civ oms, ruseTisa da aSS-is politikur-demok-ratiuli urTierTobebi kidev ufro gaauaresa, rac amyarebs Cems pirvel arguments.

vfiqrob, rom sityvis Tavisuflebisa da piradi cxovrebis xelSeuxeblobis aqtualo-bas ver SevadarebT erTmaneTs, radgan isini sxvadasxva sferos miekuTvnebian da orives aqvs Tavisi dadebiTi da uaryofiTi mxareebi.

(davalebis piroba ix. IV variantSi)

demokratiis koncefciis ZiriTadi fundamenti adamianTa Tanasworoba da Tavisufle-baa, magram maTi Sefaseba subieqturia da Sesabamisad, sadavoc. pirvel rigSi, saWiroa am ori cnebis definicia da Semdeg kanonis saxiT Camoyalibeba. zogi fiqrobs, rom sityvis Tavisufleba niSnavs uflebas, yvelasa da yvelaferze SegeZlos azris gamoTqma, magram arsebobs adamianis piradi cxovrebis xelSeuxeblobis ufleba da mimaCnia, rom es ukanas-kneli gacilebiT mniSvnelovania. azris gamoxatvis absoluturi Tavisufleba ki niadags qmnis da adamians aZlevs imis SesaZleblobas, rom Caerios, Seafasos da sajarod ganixi-los romelime kerZo piris cxovrebis is mxare, romlis gamWvirvaloba da TvalsaCinoeba misTvis araa xelsayreli da metic, SeiZleba damangrevlad sazianoc ki iyos. amis maga-liTi mravladaa da Cvens sazogadoebasac moexseneba. Cemi azriT, arsebobs erTi oqros wesi: àdamianis uflebebi mTavrdeba iq, sadac iwyeba sxvisi~. vfiqrob, rom mxolod am princips SeuZlia moawesrigos da daabalansos es ori umniSvnelovanesi ufleba.

piradad Cems magaliTze Tu vimsjelebT, me vaZlev uflebas iqnion xelebi haerSi, sa-nam isini Cems cxvirs Seexebian.

garda amisa, dRevandeli modernizebuli da sakmaod gamocdili sazogadoeba Tanxmde-ba, rom sityvisa da azris absoluturma Tavisuflebam SeiZleba biZgi misces radikaluri da agresiuli ideebis propagandas. Tu saxelmwifom arajansaRi azris gavrcelebis saSu-aleba misca, savsebiT dasaSvebi gaxdeba, rom romelime eri nacisturi germaniis mdgoma-reobaSi Cavardes,Kkacobriobis winaSe Cadenili danaSauli ki gameordes. dRevandeli ka-noni ebrZvis qsenofobiur azrebs da es mizanSewoniladac mimaCnia. vfiqrob, rom aucile-belia mkafiod da zustad ganisazRvros sityvis Tavisuflebis ufleba.

mimaCnia, rom, garda iuridiulad dazustebuli kanonisa, aseve sagulisxmoa is kultu-ra da moralur-eTikuri normebi, romelic Cvens qveyanas gaaCnia. Cemi azriT, adamianis pi-radi cxovrebis xelSeuxeblobis darRveva gamoiwvevs sazogadoebis didi nawilis ukmayo-filebasa da protests. yoveli eris istoriaSi zneobrivi norma warmoadgens yovelgvari kanonis safuZvels. amitom mimaCnia, rom es ori kanoni warmatebiT dabalansdeba, magram im SemTxvevaSi, Tu piradi cxovrebis xelSeuxebloba dairRveva da xalxi ufro faseu-lad sityvis Tavisuflebas CaTvlis, Zneli ar iqneba momavlis gansazRvra, vinaidan adami-anebs gauCndebaT sxva pirebis kompromentirebisa da SantaJis saSualeba da es damangrev-lad imoqmedebs Cvens sazogadoebaze, gamartivdeba fulis gamoZalva da adamianebze mani-pulirebis sadaveebic momravldeba,Bborotebisa da usamarTlobis marwuxebSi moeqceva uamravi adamianiDda amis sapirwoned ixeirebs romelime kerZo jgufi an pirovneba.

magram meore mxriv, azris gamoxatvis kultura Zalian mniSvnelovania. ubralod, saWi-roa garkveuli normebisa da sxva wesebis gaTvaliswineba. Cven unda vecadoT, rom davare-guliroT da sxva normebs SevuwyoT. sityvis gamoxatvis Tavisufleba erT-erTi umniSvne-lovanesi da erTgvari panaceaa demokratiuli sazogadoebis arsebobisaTvis.

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qarTuli ena da literatura - aris.ge...Sesavali qarTuli enisa da literaturis sagamocdo testSi 2014 welsac mxolod 3 davaleba iqneba: I. teqstis redaqtireba (maqsimaluri qula 20); II