ManualsManuals M ANUALS AND PROCEDURES ES&H Manual Chapter
9 (Radiological Safety)
http://www-group.slac.stanford.edu/esh/eshmanual/pdfs/ESHch09.pdf
ES&H Manual Chapter 10 (Laser Safety)
http://www-group.slac.stanford.edu/esh/eshmanual/pdfs/ESHch10.pdf
Radiological Control Manual
http://www-group.slac.stanford.edu/esh/documents/RCM.pdf 2
Slide 3
Sources of Radiation at SLAC Various operations and activities
at SLAC generate, or have the potential to generate, ionizing
radiation. SLACs sources of ionizing radiation include: Accelerator
operations generate prompt radiation Auxiliary devices: guns,
klystrons, RF devices Components or materials in the accelerator
housing, may be made radioactive by accelerator operations
Radioactive sources X-ray units, Radiation Generating Devices
(RGDs) Note: Some consumer products have naturally-occurring
radioactive elements (thorium welding electrodes, and thorium sand
blasting media) 3
Slide 4
Radiation Generating Devices (RGD) Soil Density Gauges Used at
construction jobs for soil compact testing Has high activity
radioactive sources RGD Authorization Sheets Each unit must be
approved and registered BEFORE allowed at SLAC 4
Slide 5
Naturally Occurring RAM Sand Blasting media 5 Welding
electrodes
Slide 6
Terms and Conditions 6 If any subcontractor or lower tier
subcontractor are considering purchasing, or bringing such material
onto the SLAC site, they shall notify and receive authorization
BEFORE bringing these or similar materials to SLAC National
Accelerator Laboratory. Review and authorization is needed prior to
bringing these items on site. Under the Terms and Conditions of the
SLAC Blank Order Agreement certain materials are required to have
approval of the Radiation Protection Department (RPFO Group Leader
or SLAC Radiation Safety Officer) prior to bringing them on site.
This includes soil density gauges and naturally occurring
radioactive material such as thorium welding electrodes and thorium
sand blasting media. Complete list is located on the RP website:
http://www-
group.slac.stanford.edu/esh/rp/restrictions.htmhttp://www-
group.slac.stanford.edu/esh/rp/restrictions.htm
Slide 7
Radiation Protection Program For most people at SLAC, these
sources of radiation represent a negligible hazard and the
resulting risk remains very low. However, for those who work near
these sources, the hazard could be significant without appropriate
control and mitigation. Department of Energy and other Federal,
State and local government agencies highly regulate and routinely
review all aspects of ionizing radiation. To protect against
radiation hazards, and to comply with the applicable regulations,
SLAC has implemented a comprehensive radiation protection program.
7
Slide 8
Radiation Protection Program continued The goal of SLAC
radiation protection program is to keep all exposures to its
personnel, visitors, public and environment As Low As Reasonably
Achievable (ALARA), and far below the applicable regulatory limits.
Engineering and administrative controls are used to control and
mitigate the hazards: Engineering controls: Shielding, Personnel
Protection System (PPS) Administrative controls: Beam Authorization
Sheets (BAS), Beam Line Authorizations (BLA), Radiation Safety Work
Control Form (RSWCF), Radiological Work Permits (RWP), Excavation
Permits, and Penetration Permits 8
Slide 9
Individuals Roles and Responsibilities Everyone at SLAC must
follow the radiation safety requirements. This includes training
and dosimetry. T RAINING : 1.RWT is required to enter radiological
areas or handle/work with radioactive material 2.GERT is required
for unescorted access to Controlled Areas or Radiologically
Controlled Areas 9 D OSIMETRY : 1.Wear your dosimeter whenever you
are in an area with a sign indicating that a dosimeter is required
for entry. 2.Notify RP promptly if your dosimeter is lost or
compromised (i.e. exposed to medical, dental, or airport x-rays).
3.Return your dosimeter at the end of the wear period or at the end
of the project, whichever is sooner. 4.Contractors who do not
return dosimeters will be charged
Slide 10
Contractor Supervisors Responsibilities Dont let your personnel
conduct a job unless they are trained and authorized to do so.
Ensure that direct reports are current with their required
radiation safety training. Ensure radiological systems under your
controls are properly maintained. Ensure that RP guidance for
radiological controls is properly incorporated during the design,
maintenance or modification. Ensure that an RWP (Radiological Work
Permit) is used in every applicable case. Do not bring radioactive
materials or RGDs to SLAC without prior RP approval. Keep
radioactive materials in posted areas. Ensure that visitors,
subcontractors, users comply with SLAC radiation control policies.
10
Slide 11
Radiological Posting: Controlled Areas GERT is the minimum
training required for unescorted access to Controlled Areas and
RCAs Controlled Areas No dosimeters Form B for escorted individuals
Form C for escorted groups (>5) Visitors OK (Escort by GERT/RWT)
RCAs No dosimeters if < 8 hours /year Form B for escorted
individuals Form C for escorted groups (>5) Visitors OK (Escort
by GERT/RWT) 11
Slide 12
Radiological Posting: Radiological Areas 12 Additional controls
required for entry into radiological areas: Radiation Area High
Radiation Area Contamination Area RWT I RWP Personnel dosimeter RWT
I RWP Personnel dosimeter Supplemental dosimeter RWT II RWP
Personnel dosimeter PPE NOTE: No visitors or escorted personnel are
allowed in these areas without prior written approval from RP.
Slide 13
Pregnant Worker Advisory P LEASE BE AWARE Embryo or fetus is
more sensitive to radiation than an adult SLAC fully supports
special efforts to minimize exposure during pregnancy You are
encouraged to discuss radiation monitoring with the Medical
Department if you plan, suspect or know that you are pregnant You
must notify your supervisor of your pregnancy if you desire any
accommodation 13
Slide 14
14 Laser use in Construction Manufacturer regulations for
alignment lasers (OSHA 21CFR1040.11) each surveying, leveling or
alignment laser product shall comply with all of the applicable
requirements of 1040.10 for a Class 1, 2 or 3R laser product and
shall not permit human access to laser radiation in excess of the
accessible emission limits of Class 3R. Regulations for Laser use
in Construction (if Class 2 or higher) Must satisfy OSHA
regulations in 29 CFR 1926.54, including these 3 requirements:
1.Laser operators must have appropriate training and documentation
for this training must be provided at the job site. 2.No unattended
operation is allowed. 3.Area warning signs shall be posted
(examples given on next slide). *Not meeting above 3 requirements
for Class 1 lasers is considered a de minimus violation (i.e.
without penalty). Average power levels must not exceed 5mW {}
Slide 15
15 Laser use in Construction Examples of Area Warning Signs
Safety for Class 2 and Class 3R visible lasers used in surveying
and alignment Class 2 devices are safer to use than Class 3R,
because of the lower power. Both should be used with caution and
never stared into. These lasers are not considered a significant
hazard for accidental exposure, because adequate protection is
afforded by the eye aversion response to a bright light response
time is about second. However, a direct exposure from this type of
laser can be a startle hazard and cause temporary flash-blindness,
after images and glare responses. Permanent damage is possible if
the beam is stared into.
Slide 16
Contact Information Contact RP with any questions, concerns or
comments on any issues related to personnel or environment
radiation protection issues. Visit us on the web at:
http://www-group.slac.stanford.edu/esh/rphttp://www-group.slac.stanford.edu/esh/rp
Site Access and Identification Badges PolicySite Access and
Identification Badges Policy Current Radiological Surveys of SLAC
Accelerator Housing LocationsCurrent Radiological Surveys of SLAC
Accelerator Housing Locations Radiological Classification of Common
SLAC AreasRadiological Classification of Common SLAC Areas LCW and
Discharge Radiological Current StatusLCW and Discharge Radiological
Current Status Current Radiological Work PermitsCurrent
Radiological Work Permits For Radiological Services x4299 16