RE:'IDICONTl DELLA SOCIETA IT.....1.I:\:-IA Dl MI:'l£R..... LOGIA E PETROLOGIA, 1985, vol. 40, pp. 187-2H

Radiometric geochronology in the Eastern Alps:results and problems

FRANCESCO PAOLO SASSI, G. CAVAZZINI, DARIO VISONAIstituto di Mineralogia e Petrologia e Centro di Studio per i Problemi de:ll'Orogmo

delle Alpi Orientali del C.N.R., Corso Garibaldi 37, 3.5100 Padova

ALDO DEL MOROIslituto di Geoctonologia e Gc:ochimica IsOlopica del C.N.R., Via Cardinale: Maffi 36, 56100 Piu

ABSTRACT. - The Eastern Alps are: one of theEuropean regions in which geological rt:SC:arch hasbenefitted by the: highesl number of radiometricdata and the: most significant. The contributionsof radiometric geochtonology 10 the re<:onstruClionof the: Alpine, Hercynian, «Caledonian,. and olderevents are: critically discussed. All radiometrk dataavailable in the literature up to 1984 are listed inIhe attached tables. Some specific problems involvinggc:ochtonology in the Eastern Alps are: discussed indelail. They include: I) the radiometric age: of the'" Caledonian,. metamorphism, which is confirmedto be close to 460 Ma, as the first result by BoRSIet al. (1973) indicates; 2) the hypothesis of aPaleozoic Megal.1'cle, to which all geological pro­cesses developed during the Paleowic (including theHercynian events) should be referred. This hypo­thesis is rejected l'nd a two-event Paleozoic historyis suggested (<< Caledonian,. plus Hercynian events);3) the existence of Caledonian regional uplifting,for which new evidence is shown; 3) the hypothesisthat the presumed «Caledonian.. processes areCadomian (or Assymhian), a hypothesis which isrejected on the basis of radiometric data andgeologic reasoning.

Key words: Radiometric Geochronology, EaslernAlps, «Caledonian,. processes, Hercynian proces·ses, Alpine processes.

RIASSUNTO, - k Alpi Orientali sono una delleregioni eucopee in cui la ricerca geologica ha potutodisporre di un elcvatissimo numero di dati radio­metria di elevata significativitit In questa nOlavengono criticllmente discussi i contributi dali daUageocronologia radiometrica alia ricostruzione deglieventi Alpino, Ercinico, «Caledoniano,. ed ante·riari. Tutri i dati radiamelrid disponibili in lene·ratura fino al 1984 sono dencati nelle tabelleallegate. Vengono discussi in denaglio alcuni spe:ci·fid problemi che coinvolgono la geocronologia, epredsamente: 1) I'eta radiometrica del metamor-

fismo .. Calc:doniano .., che ~ confermata prossimaa 460 Ma circa, in accordo con i primi risultatidi BoRSt et at (1973); 2) l'ipotesi del MegaddoPaleomico, 01 quale apparte:rtebbero tulti i processigeologici ve:rificatisi nd Poleowico, indusi quelliErcinid: tale ipotesi vime: respinea, a favare di unaarticolazione della storia paleozoica su due evc:ntiben distinti, il .. Caledoniano,. e: l'Ercinico; 3) I'esi­stenza di un soUevamc:nto regionale .. Caledoniano ..,per i1 quale vie:ne messa in luce una nuova prova;4) I'ipotesi che i processi ritenuti .. Caledoniani,.siaoo in reaha Cadomiani (0 Assinlidj, ipotesi cheviene tespinta sulla base: di daei radiometrici econsiderazioni geologiche.

Purole chiave: Geocronologia radiomelrica, AlpiOrientali, Processi «Caledoniani,., Processi Erci·nici, Proce:ssi Alpini.

Introduction

Following the title closely, the presentreport consists of two different sections.

The first summarizes the most importantradiometric results, selected among thosewhich contributed most to the constructionor improvement of the presently availableregional geologic picture.

The second section is a discussion of someproblems related to radiometry in theEastern Alps, crucial for an understandingof pre-Alpine geology in this region. Thespecific items proposed for discussion weretaken into consideration because, in theauthors' opinion, they represent the maingeological problems in which the type ofgeological thinking is crucially controlled bythe type of consideration given to the geo­chronological data.

188 F.P. SASSl, G. CAVAZZINl, D. \'150:'<)., 11.. DEL MORO

INNSBRUCK

5p/>. L

WINDOW

Early Alpine metamorphism

Q Oligocenic intrusiye bodies

!3!l] Monten... Cornpl ••

~ B'enne, Mesozoi~urn

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Fig. 1. - Distribution of the early Alpine (Cretaceous) metamorphic etfe<ts and location of the Oligocenicintra·AuSlridic alignment Rensen· Vedrette di Ries.

]. Reeults

The Eastern Alps are one of the Europeanregions in which geological research hasbene6ned by the highest number of radio­metric data, and the most meaningful. Theselop-level results are mainly due to thesystematic joint efforts carried out by authorsfrom Pisa and Padova, as well as theimportant activity developed by scientistsfrom Bern, Hannover, Leeds and Vienna.

The history of radiometric geochronologicresearch in the Eastern Alps is short, onlyabout fifteen years. Indeed, the first signi­ficant isotopic datations go back to the late1960s (BORSI et aI., 1966, 1968, 1969;BORSI & FERRARA, 1967; MILLER et al.,1967; SCHMIDT et al., 1967; GRAUERT,1969), and most of the presently availableage values were produced in the second halfof the 1970s and during the present decade.

The most important age results will bementioned below, following a chronologicalclassification.

1.1. ALPINE EVENTS

1.1.1. Early Alpine regional metamorphismThe Cretaceous age of the, metamorphism

in the Brenner Mesozoikum (fig. 1) wasdemonmated by MJLLER et a1. (1967) bymeans of some Rb·Sr data obtained onbiotites from the Raibl beds. The regionalimportance of this Early Alpine metamor­phism and its implication in the metamorphicevolution of the pre-Mesozoic basement soonbegan to come to light; in fact SCHMlDTet al. (1967) supplied some Rb-Sr datademonstrating that biotite in the MonteneveComplex (Schneebergerzug; fig. 1) has thesame Cretaceous age as the biotite in theBrenner Mesozoikum.

This very important result, however, wasnot sufficient to avoid the development of awidespread controversy concerning the age ofthe main metamorphism in the MonteneveComplex: some authors attributed a pre­Alpine age (e.g., PURTSCHELLER, SCHMlDT)

RADIOMETIlIC GEOCHRONOLOGY IN THE EASTEJlN ALPS 189

Fig. 2. - Reconsm.lClion of the northern pari oftll<- elIrl)' Alpine thermal structure (Iaken fromS...SSI et aI., 1980).

to this metamorphism, others an Alpine age(e.g., jUSTlN-VISENTlN &< ZANETfIN, SASSI).This controversy has only died down in thelast few years, when the bulk of data wasso rich and clear (see summarizing picturesin 5ASSI et al., 1980; DEL MORO et al.,1982; THONI, 1983) that no objections couldbe raised.

These data, also based on different linesof evidence including Rb-Sr and K-Ar isotopicinterpretations, demonstrated that the Cre­taceous metamorphic temperature was suf­ficiently high to produce [he crystallizationof kyanite + staurolite in the MonteneveAI-rich metapelites. Furthermore, the re­gional character of the related therm...1anomaly was clearly shown: a NE-SW­stretched, dome.like, Cretaceous thermalstructure affected a large part of the Au­stridic block to the west of the TauernWindow (Oetztal-Breonie area plus Monte­neve Complex plus Merano-Mules basement)as sketched in figs. 2 and 3). All these datarevealed that tbe pre-Alpine interpretationwas erroneous.

1.1.2. Alpine regional metamorphismWhile the Early Alpine metamorphism

was revealing all its importance in the above­mentioned areas by means of the determiningsupport of radiometric geochronology, thesame isotopic methods were important fordetermining the age and distribution of theAlpine metamorphism.

This event developed dose to the Eocene­Oligocene boundary, approx. 40 Ma ago.The rebHed regional cooling began approx.30 Ma ago, finishing approx. 12·20 Ma ago.These results are main!v due to BESANG etal. (1968), JAGER et ai. (1969), KREUZEItet al. (1973), SATIIl (1975), BoRSI et al.(1978 a) and CLIFF (1981).

The most important result concerning theAlpine metamorphism in [he Eastern Alps isrelated to its regional distribution. To tht:same extent that all authors were, rightly,convinced. that the typical Alpine domainis represented by the Pennides (TauernWindow), almost all of them also firmlybelieved that the Austrides were nOt involvedin the Alpine metamorphism. On the con­trary, BoRSI et al. (1973. 1978 a) demon.strated that large parts of the Austrides southof the Tauern Window were signi6cantlyaffected by the Alpine recrystallization (fig.4). More precisely, their Rb-Sr data on micasdemonstrated that the northernmost Au·midic block - lying between the Pennides­Austrides boundary to the north and theDeferegger-Anterselva-Valles tectonic line tothe south - was completely affected byAlpine recrystallization, the mineral effectsof which were described by CoNTINI & SASSI(1980).

Therefore, radiometric data were able todisplay the unexpected importance of a re­gional tectonic line, which had been knownfor a long time (DAL PIAZ, 1936) but whichhad been consigned to oblivion by almostall authors.

1.1.3. PosJ-Pumian magmatismOther important resuhs of radiometric

research are related to the intra·AusuiditPeriadriatic Alignment of granitoid bodies(fig. I): Rensen - M. Alto· Rio Vena - Cimadi Vila _ Vedrette di Rit:s (+ Polland, intbe surroundings of (Lienz). Their Alpine age(30 Ma) was demonstrated by BoRSt et al.(1978 a, 1978 b. 1979). Furthermore, thesame Rb-Sr isotopic data suggested a com·plex origin for these acidic melts, in whichSr/Sr ratios are significantly lower thanthose in the typically crustal acidic melts.

As regards the contribution of radiometricresearch to the reconstruction of the post­Hercynian geology of the Eastern Alps, wemuSt also mention here the important re-

190 F.P. SASSI, G. CAVAZZINI, D. VISONA, A. DEL MORO

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106' ••

Fig. 3. - Distribution of white mica Rb/Sf age!! and equilibrium temperatures in Schnccbcrgenug(Monte Neve) area and the bordering AhkristaUin (taken from THONI, 1983).

suits regarding Triassic magmatism (BaRSI &

FERRARA, 1967; BoRSI et al., 1968; FERRARA& INNOCENT!, 1974) and Tertiary volcanism(BaRSI et al., 1969) in the Southern Alps.

IlADIOMETRIC GEOCHRONOLOGY IN THE EASTERN ALPS 191

WINDOW

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__----=-- --~.t; -::=O,\v ll",~

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FiI. 4. - Distribution of rhe Alpine rcaystalliz.adon within the Austridic bascmcm to the toUth of theTaucm Window ltakm from BoIlSI C't 81., 197J, 1978 a).

1.2. HERCYNIAN EVENTS

1.2.1. Hercynian grani/oid plutonism

Let us begin from the Hercynian grani.tOids occurring within th~ South~rn Alps,where many radiometric data finally managedto extinguish the age-old debate concerningthe Alpine versus Hercynian age of the Peri·adriatic Plutons (fig. 5).

Some authors maintained their Paleozoicage, mostly giving reliability and confidenceto the very rare and ambiguous finding ofgranitoid pebbles in the Permian conglo­merate (e.g., SANDER, 1923). Instead, otherauthors (e.g., DAL PIAZ, 1942), consideringthe unquestionably Alpine age of the Ada­mello massif (which produced contact meta­morphism on Mesozoic rocks) and the par­ticular localization of all these grarutoidbod.ies along very important tectonic lines ofAlpine age (Giudicarie and Insubric Lines),supported an Alpine age for the wholegranitoid alignment.

Radiometric data demonstrated the UpperPaleozoic age of these granitoids (age range280-290 Ma: BoUT et al., 1966, 1972; DELMORO & VISONA, 1982, and unpubl. data),

showing that in geology a very good line ofreasoning (such as that used by the Alpineparty: DAL PIAZ, 1942) sometimes turnsOut to be wrong because a completelyunexpected new .. truth» comes to light.In the case in point, the new unexpectedtruth was the existence of a Hercynian paleo­Insubnc Line, which clearly controlled theinjection of the Upper Paleozoic meltS, andwas then significantly reactivated during theAlpine orogeny. It is worth pointing outhere that this important result of large.scalestructural geology was obtained by means ofradiometric geochronologic research.

The above-mentioned age of the Peci­addatic granitoids is not very different fromthat obtained for the Cima d'Asta massif(fig. ,: 274 Ma, BoasI et al., 1974). Similarage values were also obtained for theHercynian part of the Eisenkappel massif.located along the Insubric Line in Austria,across the boundary with Yugoslavia.

All the reported age values indicate thatthe Hercynian granitoid plutonism developedin the Southern Alps and along the Peri­adriatic Lineament during the Upper Carbo­niferous and Lower Permian, and that it

192 F.P. SASSI, G. CAVAZZINl, D. VlSONA, A. DEL MORO

INNSII!UCK..IQ........

§ Hercyniiln g,aniloids

-

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• ",fI'"\~o,)~,-

Fig. ,. _ Loo.don of rhe Herc:ynian intrusive bodies,

was preceded by the empl:tt:ement of basicto intermediate rocks, dated at 282 ± 14 Ma(DEL MORO 6< VISONA. 1982) in tht: Bressa·none districr.

Instead, as regards the Hercynian grani­lOids within /h~ Aus/riJes. they s«m to bevery rare, In fact, these rocks can be re­cognized only by means of radiometric agedeterminations and not by field observationor petrographic analyses, and only a fewacidic bodies turn out to be Hercynian in age(fig. 5j 262 Ma by BaRSl et al., 1980;289 Ma by KOHLER, fide SOLLNEII. et aI.,1982j 240 Ma by CAVAZZINI, 1983; 248±29 Ma by JAGER & METZ. 1971),

The predominance of relatively young agevalues (in comparison with those found inthe Southern Alps) may be explained by thefact the dated Austridic rocks are mostlyaplites and pegmatites.

The extremely small amount of Hercyniangranitoids within the Austrides demonstratesthat the crustal level rich in Hercyniangranitoids was not yet reached by post-Alpineplus post.Hercynian erosion activities: onlythe uppermOSt part of the Hercynian meta·morphic domain was split open - the part

in which only a few, very mobile, apliticand pegmatitic veins WCtt injected from thehotter (and gf11nitoid·richer) underpart,

As regards the Hercynian granitoidswithin /h~ P~nniJes, we may say that a veryimportant Hercynian plutonism is well re­corded. In facI, the core of the TauernWindow consists entirely of Hercynian gra­niroids (fig. 5), altered into gneisses (theso-called Central Gneisses) by the Alpinemetamorphism. The age of this plutonismis certainly Upper Paleoloic. However, theradiometric chronologic picture is not sodear as initially believed, and complicatedproblems have recently been pointed our(CLIFF, 1981), Considering that the wholeof this very important set of problemsconcerns Austrian (and not Italian) ter­ritories, we will not give it further spacehere, but we recommend our readers tobecome aware of these problems by readingCLIFF (1981) and references quoted in it.

1.2.2. Hercynian regional metamorphism

Its two-phase development in the SoUlhemAlps was pointed out nearly twenty years

RADIOMETRIC GEOCHRONOLOGY IN THE EASTER."': ALPS

INNS8RUCK..

-

E;:;:] "callfdonian glaniloids

Fig. 6. _ L..oc.tion of the main acidic magnuti, bodies (){ «Caledonian.. age.

193

ago (e.g., SASSI & ZIRPOLI, 1968). Recently,radiometric geochronologic data have con­6rmed this two-phase development and as­signed an age value of 3.50 Ma (correspondingto the Visean according to the time-scaleproposed by OOIN, 1982) to the older phase,and 320 Ma (corresponding to the Visean­Namurian boundary according to the sametime-scale) to the younger one (DEL MOROet aI., 1980, 1984).

It is worth pointing out that t~ age"alues obtained in the Southern Alps agr~

perfectly with those obtained from the LowerAustridic rocks to the north of the TauernWindow by SATIR & MORTEANI (1979).Furthermore, some age values obtained frommicas in Ausuia fall in this range, showingon one hand the significant consistency ofthe regional chronological picture of theHercynian rm:tamorphism, and on the other.the synchronisrr. of the Hercynian rr.eta­morphic processes on a regional scale.

Numerous Rh-Sr data from biotites indi­cate that the Hercynian regional cooling tookplace in the time range 310·300 Ma. Thefact that these age values have systematicallybeen found throughout the Eastern Alps in

the districts which escaped Alpine reworkingshows that no parts of the pre-Permianbasement are known in the Eastern Alps(Pennides, Austrides, Southern Alps) whichescaped the Hercynian metamorphism. Thismetamorphism however was very low-gradein western Carnia and vanishes eastwards.

1.3... CALEDONIA.", .. EVENTS

The contribution provided by radiometricgeochronology 10 the unravelling of pte·Hercynian events is very important. How­ever, in every case this contribution wasthe datation of a geological process whichhad previously been detected by means ofgeologic and peuologic research.

1.3.1. .. CQ1~don;Qn " acidic magma/;$m

During the first stage of this research,geologic and petrologic criteria indicated theexistence within the Austrides of numerousold granitoids, the emplacement of whichmust have been pre.Carboniferous, i.e., suchthat Visean metamorphism 0.50 Ma old)could have affected them. Later, radiometricgeochronology demonstrated the Upper Or-

19. F.P. SASSI, G. CAVAZZINl, D. VISONA, A. DEL MORO

INHS8RUCIl,..

Fig. 7. - Approximate source areas of mc:tlsedimentary rock umples which supplied Rb/Sr .. Caledo­nian .. age values.

dovician age of this widespread plutonism- the most imp::lnant recorded in the Au­strides of the Eastern Alps. The age rangeis 450-420 Ma (HARRE et al., 1968; BoRSIet al., 1973. 1980; SATIK, 197.1; mosdyRb-Sr isochrons on whole rocks), and 4.50­440 Ma if a mo~ ~trictive selection of thedata to be included in the statistical llIlalysisis carried out (SASSI & ZIRPOLI, 1979).

A similar age range was obtained fromthe acidic sheet-like gneis5eS, SOrJK:timescharacterized by an augen texture (ScHMIDT

et al., 1967; HARRE et aI., 1968; SATlR,197.1; BRACK, 1977; BoRSI et al., 1980;HAMMERSCHMIDT, 1981; SOLLNER &

SCHMIDT, 1981; mostly Rh-Sr whole-rockisochrons), These rocks probably representold volcanics (HERITSCH 6< TEICH, 1976;SASSI 6< ZIRPOLI, 1979; HEINISCH 6<

SCHMIDT, 1982), i.e., outpoured products ofthe same acidic magmatism which also pro­duced the above-mentioned abundant plutons.

If the amount of all these melts (emplacedeither in plutonic or volcanic conditions) isevaluated (6g. 6) and the coeval South-Alpineand Austridic porphyroids are also takeninto consideration (BELLlENI 6< SASSI, 1981;REINISH, 1981), this Ordovician magmaticcycle - caUed « Caledonian It acidic magma­tism or, better, «Upper Ordovician granite-

rhyolite aSSOCiation It - rums out to beexuemely important, the most importantmagmatic activity recorded in the presentlyoutcropping crustal levels in the wholeof the Eastern Alps. In this respect:, anintriguing piece of information is that agranitoid having a similar age (446± 18 Ma)has also b«n found underneath the Po Plain,in actual fact about 5000 meters belowVenice (Assunta hole, drilled by AGIP in1976).

L3.2. « Caledonian It regional metamorphism

Field data SASSI 6< ZANFERRARI, 1972;BoRSI et al., 1973; PURTSCHELLER &. SASSI,1975) indicate that the above-mentionedplutonic bodies were emplaced in previouslymetamorphosed foliated rocks. Funhermore,it was pointed out (SASSI et aI., 1974) thattbe abundant production of Ordovician acidicmelts cannot have b«n unrelated to aregional thermic anomaly, which must neces­sarily also have produced a regional meta­morphism. Therefore, 6e1d data and theo­retical expectations agree in maintaining theexistence of a « Caledonian It ~ontll meta­morphism, and in assigning to it a slighdyolder age than that of the Caledonian &cidicplutonism.

Il.ADlOMETIl.IC GEOCHRONOLOGY IN THE EASTE!t.N ALPS 195

Radiometric geochronology has con6rmedthese expectations. BoRSl et al. (1973)obtained tlK: first signi6cant although notperfectly defined (5« discussion below, intlK: second section of this paper) - agevalue: 497 ± 38 Ma (Rh-Sr whole-rockisochron on paragneisses). Similar valueshave been obtained in the neighbouringAustrian areas by BUCK (1977; 466 ± 166Ma; Rb-Sr whole-rock on paragneisses);SOLLNER & SCHMIDT (l981; 460 ± 30 and463 ± 37 Ma; Rb·Sr whole-rock isochronson paragneisses and migmatites respectively;ca. 460 Ma: V/Pb on zircons). Finally, DELMORO et al. (1984) obtained an identicalvalue (463 ± 18 Ma) from an albite-muscoviteRh-Sr isochron from the Pusteria phyllites(Southern Alps).

All these data (the source area of whichis sketched in 6g. 7) are extremely consistentin indicating that the age of the cCa.ledonian.regional metamorphism in approx. 460 Ma.

lA. THE OLDEST (PIl.E·CAMBIl.IAN) EVENTS

No systematic radiometric data exist, forthe I talian part of the Eastern Alps, con­cerning pre-Cambrian events. However, it isuseful to summarize here briefly, for thesake of completeness, the presently availabledata concerning the whole of tlK: Easternand Central Alps.

In the Eastern Alps, the pre·Cambrianstage is only indicated by a few radiometricage values and V/Pb data on detrital zirconscontained in the metasediments (paragneis­ses) from the Silvrtlta Kristallin. Integratingthese data with other zircon age values fromthe Central Alps, major pre-Cambrian eventsproducing zircons may be admitted at 2000,1.500 and 700 Ma.

However, these pre-Cambrian ages haveonly been obtained from isolated zircongrains and not from their host-rocks, whichin all cases turn oU[ to be younger - Pa­leozoic - in thdr magmatic or metamorphicages. Therefore, neither pre-Cambrian mag­matic rocks nor metamorphic rocks havebee:n found in the Eastern Alps.

As regards sedime:ntation, the only pre­Cambrian age which may at present be sup­posed refers to the sedimentation of theprotoliths of the paragneisses and micaschistsmaking up the bulk of the Austridic ba-

sement: a maximum age value of 800 ±125 Ma has been estimated by ScHMIDT &

SOLLNER (1982), by means of an integratedinterpretation of aU isotopic data availablefor the Eastern Alps.

2. Oiecu88ion of 80me « Caledonian»geochronological problem8

Let us now consider in detail some geo­chronological problems concerning the « Ca­ledonian» event in the Eastern Alps. Thistopic is proposed here because, in the authors'opinion, it represents the major problem inthe Alps in which geochronology has ~nused, improperly and on a pretext, by someauthors for stocking tlK: fires of unnecessarycontroversies.

2.1. WHAT IS AGE OF" THE «CALEDONIAN»

M.ETAMORPHISM?

The controversy on the age of the «Ca­ledonian If metamorphism will first be sum­marized and analysed.

As mentioned above, BoRSI et al. (1973)published a Rb-Sr isochron on the Pusteriaparagneisses, specifying that the data pointsfit a fan of parallel isochrons (related to anage value in the rnnge 4'0-.500 Ma) betterthan the calculated isochron value of 497 ±38 Ma.

SATIR (1975) criticized this age result,and reinterpreted BoRSI et al.'s isotopic data,classifying them into two sample subgroups.However, this c1assi6cation is not based onany geological or petrographic ~asoning.

Furthermore, Satir's age data calculated fromeach of these rwo isochrons (3.50 ± 70 and370 ± 134 Ma) are at leasr as meaninglessas the age value proposed by BaRSt et a!.(1973), both from the radiometric (comparerhe spread of the errors) and from the geo­logic viewpoints.

I t is astonishing to ~alize" that the typeof defect which stimulated Satir's criticism(i.e., the scattering of data points along theisochron) affects mosr of the published anduncriticized isochrons, and very often tlK:spread of the scatter is larger than that whicharoused Satir's sensibilities. If the criteriaused in Satir's criticism are applied to allisochrons published in the world, Rh-Srgeochronology would be reduced to very

196 F.P. SAssr, G. CAVAZZINI, D. VISONA, A. DEL MORO

few exceptionally good results, while themajority of them would be accused of beingunreliable and involved in Byzantine andbizarre reinterpretations.

The conclusions are:(I) Satir's criticism is methodologically

incorrect;(11) the age value suggested by BORSI

et al. 's (1973) isochron on paragneisses main­tains all its validity as regards the datingof the « Caledonian» metamorphism in therange 500-450 Ma.

The above statements are supported bythe following further radiometric results:1) Rb~SI whole-rock isochron on the Win­nebach paragneisses by SOLLNER &. SCHMIDT(1981: 460 ± :30 Ma); 2) Rh-Se whole·rockisochron on the Winnebach migmatites bySOLLNER &. $CHMIDT (1981: 463 ± 37 Ma);J) V/Pb data on zircons from the same areaby SOLLNER & SCHMlDT (1981: ca. 460 Ma);4) Rb-Sr muscovite-albite isochron fromSouth Alpine phyllites by DEL MORO et al.(1984: 46J ± 18 Ma); .5) lastly, if wecalculate a three-poinr Rb-Sr isochron onwhole rock utilizing the paragneiss datapoints published by FRANK et a1. (1976) forconstructing a mixed isochron based on para­and ortho-derivates, an age value of 456 ±24 Ma is obtained (see SCHMIDT & SOLLNER,1982).

All these data indicate that the age of the«Caledonian» metamorphism (ca. 460 Ma)falls close to the age value first reported byBORSl et al. twelve years ago.

2.2. ARE WE DEALING WJTH A MEGACYCLE?

Another important problem related togeochronology is ascertaining whether thepre-Hercynian Paleozoic processes represent'd single event (Le., the «Caledonian» Event)or parts of a long-lasting megacycle (i.e., aPaleozoic Megacycle).

The latter interpretation was proposed byHElNISCH & SCHMIDT (1976) and SCHMIDT(1977). After a period of latency, it seemsto have found new supporters in thatSchmidt demonstrated instead that he wasmore inclined towards accepting the «Ca­ledonian» event (SASSl & SCHMIDT, 1982).

The megacycle idea was based on a stati­stical analysis of all radiometric data availablein the literature: they cover the whole Pa­leozoic time range almost continuously. This

result, however, is only obtained if all dall!are included 10 the statistical analysis,whatever the type of isotopic system (i.e.,K-Ar, Rb-Sr, etc.) l!nd whatever the typeof analysed body (i.e., biotite, zircon, whole­rock, etc.).

If this approach is extended to post­Paleozoic times, we obtain a really sensa­tional result: the Megacycle which beganIn the early Paleozoic and operatedthroughout the Paleozoic prolonged itsactivity during the Mesozoic and Tertiary!

Joking apart, as a matter of fact thegrounds for the megacycle interpretationvanish completely if the statistical analysisis carried out rigorously, i.e., only puttingstrictly homogeneous radiometric data (thatis, those having identical significance) in thesame sample population. SASSI & ZIRPOLI( 1979) demonstrated that, following thisrigorous approach, a clear two-modal distri­bution of the age values is obtained, con­sisting of a «Caledonian» cluster of agevalues and a Hercynian one. The age datapublished after SASS} & ZIRPOLI'S statisticalanalysis confirm this result, increasing thestatistical weight of both clusters and makingthe interposed empty space more significant.

Therefore, if our reasoning is kept veryclose to the facts, the megacycle does nOtexist at all or, if it does exist, data fordetecting it are not yet available in theEastern Alps. Currently available radiometricdata indicate clearly that the Paleozoicthermal history (magmatism and metamor­phism) in the Eastern Alps is a two-eventhistory, consisting of a «Caledonian» event(magmatism and metamorphism) of Ordo­vician age (SASSI & SCHMlDT, 1982) and aHercynian event (magmarism and meta­morphism) of Carboniferous to Lower Per­mlan age.

2.3. CHRONOLOGICAL EVIDENCE FOR- A «CA­LEDONIAN » REGIONAL UPLIFT

A few lines above, we wrote: Paleozoic·thermal history. However, readers shouldnot believe that the «Caledonian» eventwas only thermal. Indeed, dynamic activityrelated to the «Caledonian» event was re­ported ten years ago (SAS SI et aI., 1974), andmore recently radiometric geochronology(V/Pb method) has been used for de­monstrating tectonic activity in the age range

RADIOMETRIC GEOCtlRONOLOGY IN THE EASTERN ALPS 197

4.5(}.420 Ma (CLIFF, 1980). SASSI &

ScHMIDT (1982) agreed in defining the «Ca·ledonian» event in lhe Eastern Alps as a« tectOnic-thermic» event, thus stressing theimportance of both its components, tectonicand thermic.

Radiometric geochronology supplies anindirect tool for detecting an effect of animportant regional uplift of ~ Caledonian»age. In fact, radiometric geochronoJogy inthe Austrides indicate that:

(I) Alpine gnnitoids only occur in theRensen-Vedrem: di Ries alignment, theemplacement of which was strictly controlledby a tectonic line (6g. 1). This means thatonly Alpine granitoids injected into a veryhigh (shallow) crustallevel outcrop, and thatposl-Alpine ~ion was nOl deep enough10 affect the level rich in Alpine gnniloids;

(11) Hercynian graniloids outcrop onlylocally in the Austrides (fig. 5), and theyare mostly aplites and pegmatites. In this casetOO, only rare and shallow granitoids outcrop,indicating that the post-Hercynian erosionof the Austrides was not deep enough toaffect the crustal level rich in Hercyniangranitoids;

(lIt) «Caledonian» granitoids outcropabundantly in the Austrides (fig. 6). As amatter of fact, the Ordovician crust OUtcrop­ping below the Upper Ordovician to Silurian

metasedimenrs (Le., the Austridic phylliticcomplexes) is abundantly riddled with Ordo­vician gnnitoids (compare the distributionof acidic magmatic rocks within the Austridesin figs . .5 and 6).

Therefore, Ihe Ordovician crust was deeplyeroded, and this erosion cannot be relatedeither to the post-Hercynian or to the post­Alpine uplifts, for the above reasons.

These considerntions are graphically re­presented in fig. 8, which shows the presenterosion level and the different levels rich invariously aged grnnitoids. The erosion whichabundantly split open the Ordovician plutonicbexfies must have taken place definitely aftertheir emplacement (440-420 Ma ago) but,significantly, before the Hercynian metamor­phism (Visean, 350 Ma ago): in fact, thiserosion stage must certainly have been fol·lowed by a burial stage. necessary for theserocks to have been involved in the Vi.s6mmetamorphism, as radiometric data de­monstrnte.

2.4.« CALEDONIAN» OR CADOMIAN?

A final remark deals with the possibilitythat the processes considered above as.. Caledonian. are instead Cadomian (orAssynthian).

DAVLINE

A

B

c ...:.:..... : ::.. . . . .

··...·.·.·.....·........

A

B

c

•;.;.; Alpine gril.nitoids ( ..30 Ma)

l2i!l Hercynian gril.nitoids ( .. 260 MOl)

1+ ++1 ·Caledonian- gril.nitoids (..420- 450 Mil)

Fig. 8. - Schematic represemation of the variously-I#d granitoids in the Aumides. - AA: pcesenterosion Icvd; BB: level rich in Hercynian granitoid bodies; CC: levd rich in Alpine granitoids.

198 F.P. SAS SI, G. CAVAZZINI, D. VISONA, A. DEL MORO

First of all, it should be noted that theuse of the term .. Caledonian. only aims atindicating a given time range-that in whichtrue Caledonian event look palce in theCaledonides. Any causal or spatial ~Ia­

rionships between Oroovician evolution inthe: Eastern Alps and the Caledonian eventin the Caledonides is Dot implicit in ouruse of the term «Caledonian _ inserted, asit is here, ....·ithin quotation marks.

VAI (1975) maintains that a Cadomianhypothesis is more weU-founded than a« Caledonian» one. However, a detailedcomparison of the age values from theEastern Alps with the true Cadomian andthe true Caledonian values led BaRS1 et at(1975) to reject Vai's view and to confirmthe « Caledonian» interpretation.

More recently, discussing the «Caledonian»age values from Central Europe, DoRNSIE­

PEN (1979) considered them as Cadomian,partially rejuvenated by the Hercynian event.

Two main objections are to be madeagainst Dornsiepen's hypothesis, after havingrecalled that; (I) a partial (Le., incomplete)rejuvenation is expected to produce randomscatter of data points in the isochron diagrambelow the original isochron line, i.e., withinthe field between the original line (isochronof 6.50 Ma in our case) and the isochronline corresponding to the younger rejuvenat­ing event 0.50 Ma, in our case)i (11) a newalignment according to a pseudo-isochroncould only appear occasionally, as a randomand rare IUJUJ.

With these premises, the objections are:

I) Why should the assumed partial rejuve­nation have procluced new alignments of

the data points in the isochron diagrameverywhere, Le., the less probable result?

2) Why do the unexpected new alignmentsnOI correspond to several, t'1lI1dom agevalues in the range 6.50-3.50 Ma, but inevery case fit isochron lines systematical­ly corresponding to Caledonian age va·lues?

10ese objections are sufficient to discreditthe Cadomian hypothesis definitely. Wecould also add the observation that geologicalevidence for a Cadomian event is completelylacking in the Eastern Alps: therefore aCadomian hypothesis in this region is com­pletely arbitrary, because it has no directsupport, either radiometric or geologic. Onthe contrary, the «Caledonian l' hypothesisis not only based on a rich set of well-definedradiometric data, but also on numerous geo­logical indications. Furthermore, the UpperOrdovician age of the « rhyolite·granite as·sociation. is not only based on radiometricdata, but also on strictly consistent biostrati­graphic datations, which indiC'3te that vol.canism ~rtainly look place in the UpperOrdovician (FuJS &: ScHONLAUB, 1976), andnot in pre.Cambrian times, as the Cadomianhypothesis would imply.

Ad:"owl~dl.~"u,m. _ 'The presenl r~h wasfinancially supported by lalim C.N.R. (Cemro diStudio per i Problemi dell'()rogeno delle Alpi Orien­ali, Padovaj. Mm)' thanks are doe 10 Prof.G. FEU"",,,, for the critical reading of the manuscriptand to Mr. P. AOOSTINt and Mrs. G. GIACONI (lsti­toto di Geocronologia e Geochimica Isotopica ofthe C.N.R., Piu) respectively for having drawnthe figures and Iyped the long rabies.

PRESENTATION OF THE TABLES

In order to obtain directly comparabledata, three types of standard tablu werecompiled, one for each of the three radio­metric methodJ. When neceJSary, isotopicparameters and age values were recalculatedby using the recommended duay constants(.iTEIGER. and JAGER., 1977). HOl«IJer, suchrecalculation was not possible in Jome cases,when the used valuu of the decay conJtantswere not mention~d in the PQpus.

The·numerous Rb/Sr and K/Ar data wereaJSembled foflowing different criteria. Rb/Srdata firstly were divided according to thestructural geological units to which theybelong: three large groups of data (SouthernAlps, Austrides and Pennides) were thusobtained. Inside each of these three groups,data were further assembled conJideringboth the geographical location and the agerange. A.r regards K/Ar tables, these werecompiled on geographical base only.

RADIOMETRIC GEQCHRON"OLOGY ,. THE EASTERN ALPS 199

TABLE IU/Ph illlalvtical data

~.Ilo<k 1'00 S.."I••. 0<. "~ .. ~ Pb"'t~

.... .'. ....<'Olp. ,." 207'b

.,.... '"" ..., ,..'''" ~ V2T• ....

st T.""", Wl .....1... IIt_ C 6JI6 ., ". ." ..

" '" ... 31'~1

" ., 1~18

a,.t". '090" G 1..1 " "" •• "'.".11<

" 3JIl "." 28SJ .," .m ,•." "" m

lll!.IO

" - m

" ". illS

" 020J ..." m8 12Jl

FoH.tt<l '" " "" 1018!l'".... I... lto

" ,= ".Cr..... IOTIII' '" " 1812 ,~

,oh.

" 22~1 ..tIo....'.hl' " 8.oJ ." 18.60 lS.60 f1. 91 ..I_I,,, •• 93.11 11.2' IS. '10 16.n f9.~ m

• " 12.86 18.<9 lS_"6 •••Cll"", . '" fl. fl IS. SO 'S.19 38.S9

Cll"", . 1. It fl;.o~ '8_ Il 15.6l la.ll "" ... ,.. 18.fS 15.64l ""• ... ~. 12 18.03 16.61 :Ill.<O.. 18. <I f.81 18.64l 11.62 :Ill."00"...1-Iloo......

T.....l" "'. 28(l " \118 •• IUS.6 8S .29 I~. /1 oI!J.!1) ~IS fl'.!1O "gco.lll, .".11<T.... llll'll""I.. a l/f " 130_S 60.2 IO':J 12.6l In.15 .10.!IS C86.!lt 5'O.!2S

TABLE 2K/A, analytical d a t a

IlDck ,_S.."I••. IIltorl.\ " 'OA, nl .11t "JA, nl~ ~. .,

[0'..... Hms

s..,1t " • ,. 1.68·10-< " <1!.l.Sl ..... " il<P:< ,. 1.10·10·< " 35.!II,o<"y" • .. •• 1.20·10'< " ""1'«"yll' <,.le. • .. 6_ 01 1.~.10'< " J2!.'1..,,,,,1, dyI<. .. .. 6.1t 1_13·W· " 1~1

lr""yt< .. • 3.19 1_30-10·' .. 32.!1

I .."". " .. ••• 1.31-W' " l~1

1''''1>,,, " .. 6.01 1.10·10·< " ""fIlI,-oll .. " • <.96 I.lIi·IO·o • J,!:1fIlI,-ol1l_ " • 'N 1.3l-10-< " 3l.!IIIhyolll' " .. ... 1.33.10·< .. 31.!1

• ,. '.11. Ilr f .. J1.1fIlI",lltlc .,t_ " • 3_72 1.28-lir· • 12.!'/od_1l0

...11. t<>l .... 9.....1OT11. .," 7.SB 11.6 ·10·! "'.

~

I_Htl, 9" ..... I.dU MO " 1.69 1./6·10·' " ".!I~"'ro.u .1 _I ••

....""'ltl' p<gIoI'I" Mlf·1S • ~.01 _If.l0·· • "" "...."",111, p....... IU Mlf·l~ • 1I. !S _~I·W' " 11.!1Too,Hu Ml'·Q " ••• ,(l6. 10·' " 16.!1T_llu "'10-60) " ,. I. 011· 10"' oo 21.!1

DlOOl 81("") ,.. 1.11.'0.6 7S.S •• "01001 .. '" S.~3·10·6 71. B 29_'.,'" 1.07.10.6 31_ 1 32. f

1.13.10.6 SI.8 31. I

200 F.P. SASSI, G. CAVAZZINI, D. VISONA, A. DEL "'lORQ

TAB/.E 2 (CQntillueJ)K/Ar

~.~ :-1••. ",ud.l " OIl.... <f. all, ."~ ~. .,.

~'-Zl._...... •. " c..•.•S • J. SI '.M·l0·· " ."-...... 110.,.1. at< • ,.. 1.'4·10""' • ,._.001.. ta........1t • •• ,.'H~ • .."'lUllt.. I\o'ea.'" )I • J.61 '.'12-'0-' • '".'<Ht.. .'<0111.. 100 • 3.61 '.12·lIr" " '"",.<..t.. ""UOlt.. lOJ • ,." t.ll.10-· " '"-..

n •• I.tl • ....;.JO"" • "'"" •• I.il 9."·W· • m~

__-l••po'-.-"_1...1".....,... • • Ut l,n·lo-) • "'"Q>_~'I<_h. on • '.. t.lO-IIT) • "'",,"-_.,.<_1.. - " '.M Ll'.!O"' " "'"Gr..I~_lorlt<l ,." .." 1.1'·Hr3 • ."",,_..1<.

'" " l.'l '.11·1lr'4 • 191.::'"'"..,__...u ,. " ••• 1.11'111"3 " "'"Cr.., ..... ,-"_I..t.. I 11' " '.1' t.l'O-Jr' " m~Cr..I ..~__It.

'" " 1.1l I.JI·lr" " 1"~rOJ'lH.. ,.... t •• '" " .." 1.IO·lIr3 • "'" "ft..u .. ,..... to "" " • l.~lrl • ''':3

~_11.....1_ ,.._,...... .. " ,." ".2 ·W5 1~1

r,oo .... ,......_ ....tu .," ••• 15.' .10-5 .a~

11••ltle _,10. •• " ,." " .10-5 .-_IUc_,'" ." • ,.. "., .10.5 lSo1:=:S

~ T-....Wl_

"'-1'--"-,,, • " ..., •. 93-1D-' • " .:: .5 "• ,-" 1."-10-6 " lJ,~ .5

"'-'" ,. .. ,n S.83·10-6 • n.2.:: .5

• '.m 1.51·10-6 " ~.'!. .5

,..t""1I" M" .. I. If 1'.fl·10·. M '1, • .::1

Ih~,"_...t .. ~ .. ••• I.W·l0·· " " "eo._ ""'"-,.. Clll .. ..i9 5.'11;'10-6 • n .:: ,511·_10. "" .. •. 11 5./0'10-6 " rI,'!. .5

tt-who ,,~ .. '.M S.[I9·10-. • 21.1.:: .~

"'11<1< wh. m " I. 12 5.S)·10·· " 11.!:!.1It_ro,..tl .. Uti .. I. 10 5.~·lD"6 .. 11.1.:: •It_GMI" ".. .. 1.01 5.11.10-S " 17.1.:: ••It_GMt.. 1151 " 1.11 '.Sl·10-6 " I~,I,:: •11-Gnoh. 115' .. Ul 4.61'10-6

" " , .,IlI-~<!llOt CUI • I.I~ 7.46 10.6 .. " "IlI-lcMn ". • '.M 7.04.10-6 " " .:: ,S

""·Ot·Wo'" "" • 1.14 7.IS·10·6 " 11.1.::1

IlI-DoloOuorult. '" • 7.67 6.4S·10't " " .:: .5

"'''''Mot nu • 1.19 1.21·10-· " " "c..'IlI-j,(.", '" • 6.97 4.86'10-6 • 17.1.:: .S

.'-_It.. lt .. M" _14D-1O) .111 1.89·10-6 • '" .::1 !1./4,10-6 • ~ .::10

_IIlH2O) ... , .•1'10-6 M ,."_tboll •• "" .......11O·IZGI " 1.61·10-6 • ,."_,bolt .. - _110·1201 .M' ).44·10'6 • •. 1.::1, I

..... 'boll.. ~ ......18D-1201 ,. 1.11.10-6 " M.'!.1.J

......'bolt .. = ilopOIllO-1201 " . ... ·10-6 " ".,.2.2

_t""1t .. ". "'1·H~1 ... .Jz.l0-6 " ».'.::U

0;,..'" OCIItot m' M •• • .r " 11.5.::f ......,.nt .. un • ..~ 1-1;'·10-6 " 11. f.:: .5

(.01<-,00.'11.. W • ).U 1.6.)'10-6 • 11.1.:: .2

RADIOMETRIC GEOCHRONOLOGY IN THE EASTERN ALPS 201

TABLE , (con/in/led)K/Ar

Itoo:;~ tyot Supl. ,. ""tod.I " 0Ill1.r ...1/9 ;(JA. ~ ~. •••1.1

sw Tau..." VI""...

1_11\1< 9""10 " " 1. &1 I I3. 4 · IO"~ .. '" "." .1~4 11)01.9 · 10-1 " m ".119 .., · 10.1 " '" "1_11,1, g",it. " " ,.. 1(I5.~ 'Ill""~ • '" "., .S1l2 " ·w1 • ~

",. .. · Hl"" 1 " '" "1_11,1, 9"'it. " " '" e) .6 · 1,,1 " 18,9,: ·.1_lItl, 9",H. " " 1.6\ ., · 10-) " 19.6~ ·.I_H,I, 9"'1" .. " ,. ., ·10·1 " 2D.1~ .,

• 1.el 1l.5 .10. 1

" 13.i!. ,lon.Htl, 9".H. • " 1.5\ ".. . ID"1 " 16.1.:. ,..,..".I ....H. ,,,

" 7.01 14.1 · ID"' • 16.6.:. .,1Ia,."I ....1t. ~ " 1.13 1~.1 '10-/ "' 16.6.:. .,'_Hthod Aug<1l' n ..oc'l".I .. • " ,.. 13.9 .10"1 " 19.1.:. ,"'!JC'1 I n.,..--i>, • " 1. ]J 63.4 ·10" " lU.:. ,"'!It' I n ...rgnel» " " 1.10 ., .10·' " ll-l.:. ,..,11\1< 9""'" " " /.16 .., ·10·' • 10. i!. ,..,Htl, 9,,"H. ~ " 1.91 ., .10-1 " lU.:. ,!.pH'I, 9.,.H. .. • ,. 13.1 · 10-1

" " " ·,!.pHtle w•• lt. • " ,. ~I. ~ · 10-1 " " "

·,V T...... vl.-

G••,I\1, """I.. tAIl 816 " 8.11 UI6·10-6 /O.~~ .." "G",1ti, '1"'11" tAIl 81 I " •• l.l9·10-6 1l./9 " "" (%1) &,&1 3.85.10-6 61.ll 1'.6.:.1

••• 3."·10"6 ","I(~) " .M·W6 19.10 " .... .14.10·6 "" 11.18 19.M'W6 "" 00.8,:1

Gr.oltle 11"01.. ~., .. 8.el 6.66·10·& n.ll .. "" \.16 1.15'10-6 61.9 " ••.....olti' grIOl .. ... 411 " 8.14 I.S~·10-6 /9.•• n "C.I«rooo. OI1ca","''' (Alj 1318 • , .. 8.03.10. 6 /6. 11 " "" ,. 4.41·10"6 61.63 1/. /.:.1

.......,.. ... I•• ·An...... I..bi....l

p.,.gneh, U.1319 • 6.61 9.11'10-6 Be. l' .. " "'10"\. !l""1.. U. 1310 " 1.1< 1.4'.10.6 H. I. " "Loucog".itl, gne ... ,,'" "'(>. 'I) e. 91 61.1B·1O·6 BI.IS '" " "G".H.I. 9"<1.. I 11~ \M(>.Il) • 5S.]J'10- 6 91.6\ '"~ ~G".Hol' '1""1.. I 1141 "'(.15_,41) 8.91 34.Bl· \0"6 ." .. "Gr••it.l. 9".1>. I Ilel \I!(>.lJ) 8.114 lB,01·\O"6 SIl.11 .. ~l.6

lOuCO<Jc••ltlc ']<IOj» 1 12'lB 1101··03) ••• 21,1'·10·& 11. II n "'''''09·.,1\10 gMl» T 11'1'1 "'I> .Il) •• 1',01·10-6 1/." ".,

''''O'J•••H1, gnt1.. I 1301 "'(>.43) B./~ '1'1. so· 10'6 ".. '" ,:1 IlOuCog....HI' '1""1.. I Ill~ "'(. I~-. 41) B.69 19,5I·IO·~ ••• "' .:.H,_,."itle _1.. I UI~ "'(> .43) •• 18,\.8· 10-6 Bl.11 " .:.3.1

L."'''9,."I''e pi" • "" l!'1(>. '3) 8.13 11. 'lB. 10"~ &6.31 .. .3.1

G"o". 9"01>, \349 " ••• 19.69'10·& 40. tl 16.•.:.5 ""-"('U'IO.) 19.49.10.6 84.61 51.'.:.2.6

...." •• I..-pt~tlt< 116' "'.11-.'3_ 8.11 1/,61'lD"6 61.10 • "U'''O'J"oltl' !JIIOI» IIII ... >.30_ 8.89 29.41· 10.6 91.11 "' .:.3.1Au_h. 15~' "'(80:1·\00) 'l. 'I 21.(I5·W6 11. ss S6.3~1.a '"",,(lOO-ZOO) 8.9/ 1'.911·10-& 61.10 53.3.:.1.5

Au~!l""I .. IS~I "'(IDIHilO) •• 21.62·10"6 Be.81 &0.1.:.2Au9oopl .. "" \11(60_110) 9.11 29.48·10"& 9Ul eo.'~2.6

lf1(8(l-IOO 9.1' 24.00'10"6 91.'3 H.7.:.1.1

"'(lOO-lOO) 9.31 19.63'10"6 91.oB 53.1.:.1.1

.......og<>o, .. n" II (80·100) 1.11/ 8.24.10"6 ~.'I 16.1.:. .'1

...._1>, n" 11(a:l·lOO) 1.19 &.1&·10"' /1. 01 n .:. .'1

"'(\OD-15O) 9.10 10.98'10'& 11.41 JO.~U

202 F.P. SASSI, G. CAVAZZ1NI, D. VISONA, A. DEL MORO

TABLE 2 /conlinutd)K/Ar

JIo<~ ,,.. ~I••. "" ••t.1 ea... roI 01/• .... ~ ~. .,.

"""-,.. 1_11. ,.. ~~-tG1 Ut 11."·10~ 1f.14 ~.'!.u...-, ,.. 17.,.·10-' 11.(1;1 4t.t:!.u...,.'t<lc ........... I.. ." • ,.. 4.(6'10'" .. '" "...,..,ttlc ..........., .. ... • ,.. UJ-J0-4 n ,.

"0.......,.". ~ " ,.. 11-"·10)-4 ..' m "OrtIIofooh. ..... " '.n ".19'10-' '1. 1 "'OrtIIofooh. .", " '.n u.n·\o-' ••• n'• ." 1011."'10-' .., '"

.~ ., ... 0.11'\0-' ••• ~

.....",

OrUoopoh. m,. • ,.. JO.J 'lo-' ••• ar.l:!.' .." ••• 1I.1 ·lo-' •., n.l:!.J

_n._t.. ~,- • I.IU JU'lo-' ••• • • ..'"'-' ..UIdot.. ..... IlOI • ,.. 5.1 '10-' ••• • "• ,.. ~.I .10-' ••• • "" '.M ll.lS.IO·1 IU lS.~!.J.I

"'_. "u«IIh' _Il~ • ,. n...·lo-I ••• • "" I.n D.I!;·lo-l '1.1 " ""'_. "UIdoIo. LW 11~1 • I.U lS.J .10~ 11.11 IU:".I

" '.11 lO.DI-10~ .., 19.':=".1

...,.".. _11&1 • ••• Jot.o .1".... IJ.I • "• ••• ll.1 ·10-' .., • "• ••• tt.1 -10-' .., R.,:".O

, ••_1.. _11. • I.II!; tt.1 ·1.... .., " "" '.11 2t.I ·1.... '.' ,."" '.11 tt.l .IO~ ••• ,,,"• t·.....«o1o. LW 11:14 • './1 u., .1..... ••• .. "" I.n IJ.S _I.... 11. I .. ""","-t.. ..... '" • •• 1l.1 ·IO~ ••• • "" 1.11 IJ.2 'IO~ ••• .. "0rtl\0tI00 I.. .....11. • ••• ilL! .10.6 ••• ., !.It

" 1.'1 42.4.10.6 .., '" "" ,.. 00.' '\0"6 ••• ,."0rU0t0"< IS. ..... 1141 • 1.1' lI.' '10.6 11. I ".~!J.I

" •• 1&.1 '10.6 'I. I II.~!).O

~I.. ..... 1121 • 1_01 .... '10-' ILl • •" 1.03 n.1 .10.6 11.• • "' ....9"010. .....IIK • 1.01 ••• .10" ••• m "00"..1 " •• ~1.6 . 10.6 ••• ". "Ilo"t'·olo,I""I'" 9"01.. ". 11(6llIl-llXIl 6.61 14'~'W6 .,] ,

'1(6llIl-llXI) 6.1l 14.61·WI ••• lill.1!.1.

'lo,I"·ol.,t""I... i<>Ot .. '" 11(100-&00) 6." 14.,2'10.6 ••• M.I!.I.

"'(6(10.&00) 2.6' 1l.'I·IO-1 ••• "' ""'('OIl-!(l(I) '.M 11.&1'10.6 •• ,. ••......1.1,,. bto,t..• m 1!('(l(I·l(l(I) , 10ll.1 .10.6 ...]pl.,t.<1••• ..-1.. 1!(OQO.lOCI) '.M 101.3 '10.6 11.• ... "'1"' ..·pl.,t""I... ..-t.. '" 11(6(10.0(10) 6.10 31.'3'\0"6 •., '" "11(0(10-200) 6.IS 1S.IlI·W6 • '" ""'(6(10.0(10) 'M \3.24.10.6 .. '" ""'(4(II-lOCI) 1.11 6l.lS·IO-6 11.' m """coo'" ....1.1< ..-1.. m "'(600-_) 1.1' 5,.n·10~ ••• ,.

""'(4(11-200) 1.1' 54.!>O-IO·1 .., ,."D'..... '" 1/I(6lC1-OIXI) . 111 lZ."_IO-6 ••• •• ""(00Cl-200) .'M 12.31'10-6 n .• '" •lIl(lOG-l00) .m Il.ll·l.... 11.6 o• •111(100431 .•m 1I.3lI·10~ n.' ~ "1Il( 'il) .m II.n·to-' ••• -"Ot..... '" 1Il(6J'1-!IOO) 3.1" 1l.ll!i·10·· ..]

"(IlO-IOll) 3.136 12_01-1.... .., lU!.I.2

"('lO·lOll) 1l.lIHo-' '.-'1(1lO-1Oll) ,n ZZ.I'·lo-' •.. ] a.1!.1.• t(llO-lOO} ,.. n.~·lo--I •••

RADIOMETRIC GEOCHRONOLOGY IN THE EASTERN ALPS 203

TABLE 2 (conlinul'dlK/Ar

!<x. tJ'p<! SOOI'\. ". ",tec,.1 " "OAr nI _1/9 IIllA. rll ~. r"'f.,,'

WR{OOO_ll~) Z.06\ 8. [,0. 10-6 gl-3 '" ~1.l

I<R{ZOO-IOO) 'm 6.~1·10-6 91.~ '02.6:!cl.J

0""'" '"~ wR(6Jll-SOO) .~ '5.60.10-6 " ..,"WII(OOO-ll~) .~ 15.5'·10-6 .,]

WII(000_3\~) .~ 1~.§9·1O"6., .n

"W(OOO-l\l) IS.6t·l0-6 91.6"(200-100) .., 1•. ~I·l0-6 9l.9 ..,

"',o"t.-pl'9'Q<I... ~h. '" "(WOHOOI ••• 56.19.)O"6 n.o n. " n"\000-1001 ••• 6~.71·10"6 ., m ""'(000-/001 ••• '8,31-10-\ .,]"'(lOO-lOO) ~.Il ".71.10-6 9 I. 7 "' ""'(lOO-tOO) 6. Il

Granod' ..., .. "' "(lOO-lOO) 7.16 101.3 ·,o-~ 9Z.6 '" ~Au,..,,...,.. HI • t(6(I(1-<00) 6. ~• '1.2S·'0-6 ., '" "'t(lOO-tOO) 6.6\ ".8l·W6 .., ,. !.l""(lOO-ZOO) 8.3t 10l.t .10- 6 .,] ~ ""'(lOO-ZOO) 8.ll 10l.1 .'O-~ 92.7

"!/O"~'",. "(lOO-tOO) 7.28 62.61.10-~ ••• m ""(~-lOOl 7.n 67.SO·W6 91.9 '" """(600-000) 8.10 l00.~ ·W" 91. , ~ ..

""(OOO-WO) 8.'0 61.1 ·w7 "., '" "Ohl><.. m 1rlI(600-5OO) "' ~.15·10-1 ..] '" "1<R(6OO-5OO) .516 16.lt·l0-7 ••lIH(<oo_,15) .516 ~.16·10-7 .., '" "1<R12W-'00) .m 54.35.10- 7 87.1 '" "0".... '" 1/Il(600-SOO) .~ 19.81·)O"7 93.7] .,

"WIl(60ll-5OO) .l\8 39."'.10- 7 93.7

1/Il(<OO-31~) .3\8 38.9J·l0-1 S9.' ,,,"lrlI(lOlJ-IOOI . '15 SO.10'10- 7 ••• '" "a...... lllA WIl(6l(l-1001 ., n.'" '0.7 9l.8 Il0_7~1.~

WIl(ooo-mJ ... 12.ll·1O"1 9l.9 1Z1.7!1.~

I<R(ZOO-IOOI ., 68.3"10""' 89.1 m,'!1.601 ..... JIlI 1<R(63O-'00) "' 50.36-10- 1 91.0 9S8!1.1

WIl(000_3\\1 1.181 ".51_'0_1 ••• ".9!1.'1<R(2oo_1ool 1.2l8 '9.12.10-1 •• 91,'!.l.1

TABLE 3Rb/S, analytical data - SOUTHERN ALPS

110<. '1PO 5....1••. f'.ltorl" • o. .,- SIr.b/86S. {~ISr/Us'I_ (8IS./865d, ~. R.f.

t,i"_", """''", 1Io..."tt",,,, Hill."",..,It. "" • • ~ ,. .1028 .1028

<OIHO..." "" • • ". • 1'9 .70n .10ll

'otit. er oz • .. ", ,. .70l6 .IOJS

'''<"1'' C£ llj • '" "' .8/1 .IOJ8 .10llI"e"y.. Cl: 116 • '" m 1.580 .100l .1035

'roe"1'" " " ". .035 _70l2 _70ll

Ir"'1'" et 113 • ,. '. .., .- .103'AI •• " RhyolH.. CC 11' " "

., .., .1035 . /(11\.I ••H ...",11" "" • ,.

~ 1. 21' .10l' .m.P.r<lHctc

"" • '" • '9.180 .1121 .103'."."-rfIyo' It.II<p/I011"ltl, ....a " • • ". .., .10tS ".',hrotrltt, ....H M10) • • ,w ., .10ll ""

204 F,I'. SASSI, G. CAVAZZINI, D. VISONA, A. DEL MORO

TABLE J rcnnlinlltdlRh/Sr

Ilo<k tJllO loolIl••, IIOtt,h' 0- "- e1llb/a6s, ("~~'l. {11S"Ns'h ~. ..._.." ... tt ...g:_4O • '" ••• ".. .. 1".:. ," ••itt 1-51-11 • .. H'f.! ,. .mer..ltt HI-K • ~ 11.' 139.' 1. 161 UO.:. •er•• I", .·0 • 1111. 11.0 - '.M U'.:. 'er...", I-Gli-' • "' "., It.1 .~ f"':.1t

" ml ... .." '.M f~'

"_I", I-Q-IGI • M ••• ••• .m

" '* ".. Ill.S 1. 1111 !~ ,

" ..I'" 1-5'1-10 • m In.l •• .m

" '" D.' ,., .0' Ill.:. 'r.,•• m .., •• .~ I~I-,. ...... Oh "

,. ".0 "' f.OlO ""."..,,,, •., r.I•• ., "., 03.' .w ~11_.. I e-r-.II

" ", D.' "., .". ZJO:.:.I!,-...1", 1 ..,,.1. 'K " ,. "' "., .11' nl.:.',

" '" 3'.' 0.' .- ""' '-...10. 1 ,.... t.o<t.

" •• O • D.' .1" m,:..u0

" - ".' ".. .- ~u_..... 111 " - ••• U.I .111 !61.:. 1

-...1.. L·' " - ".' •• .- rJll.:.ll...,. H " m 1'.1 ,~, l.llO Ul..:. 1...,. ... n. " '" 0.' "., .111 t<l..:.ll...,. .~ .. 'H ••• II.! .~ f3S,:.lf-,. ~, .. •• Ill.O ,.. .m_.• ". " ". II.~ ." '-- U'.:. 'r.I~. ., II.t "' .m lM,.:.1l

GI"..I .. ,~ .. - "., 11. ~ ."' U'.:.1l

" ,- 1l.1 ~. I.III l)l,:. 1

,.l~. ., >.• n .• .m n,.:."GI"••'''' 1-(;{-1l • •• ".. "., .111 Ul.:.ll"..,.. I_~l_" • ", ".0 H.' .". m.:. I

" ••1.. I;T_lU • ." '~.J n .• .," lIt.:. ,

"'.1 .. "'''-51 • ~ .., 195.l 1.:!!il Ul.,!. 1

"..,.. I;'-ltl • m l~_l "., .- nl.,!. ,

~."'tt '"' • .. ~, ...~"""

~. • " .1~~ ..." ••1.. 1·"-lO • 8. \1 .'m .JOll

Ibu..lt. .·,,..11 • ." '''' .~.'to.... ll. 1·111 • " .1~1 .""S....I .. 1·180 • " .1100 .I~'

s....". I· \lO • " ..'" ./000

-...II. • .,. .1010',Cutoll•• , • ••""",,,,,". • • • ..'" .-C.,,",,oH

101",1.. ,.. • ." . lQ!j1 •••_.,"""'''''0'''' .. " '" l •. 1 \1.01 .Illl UI,:.I

_,"' ...1" .. " ". t •. ' 1'.6J .- !ll.:. I

••• > " - 11.0 '1.'S .Ino 114.,!.1- " " - ".. 11.111 .,'" !4J.:.l1

01 ...1.. '" " '" .t.• "." ..- !41~

01..., tt '" " '" 31. • S/.~ ..,'0 fH.:.'

Sj'IOltl< .,... H ",. D.' <6.lo .- !l~.:.'- " • .. ." .ft .JOll.... • • • .~ .. .~- m • " - .ft .~- ~ • • ". • -

RADIOMETRIC GEOCHRONOLOGY IN THE EASTERN ALPS 205

TABLE J (cQnlinu~Jl

Rb/Sr

-- \.0001••. '.....1.. 0- .,- """", (1Is.-..-s.,- Ills.-~h ~. •••

- • " • ~ .n .-- " " " un ." .~,- .. 0 .. '" .. .-_,...,1< .. 0 n. '" .. .-_tanto • 0 • ,., .. .-_'''''to ., 0 ~ ... .. .101'.~. ... 0 ,,, 111. .. .M'~'t" .,.. ,.,

" m ~ '.n .-~'\" oil"' 1_100 0 ,.

~ ,." .111$

"....,.. " 0 ",. .. .-lo.,.'.o 11___ • " • '" .. .-_.001' ...,.. • " ,. ~ .. .M'

_HlIo'olCl ,. 0 '" n, ,. ./lil

'"Ill". SIO-ISl 0 n. '",,, .Ill'

H,. S"I..

GI'"....I••U. V' .. '" l.!l l/l.DI t.t., m~'"'"..... I••H. v, .. ". 1.01 lll.ll t.ll. Itl!. t

1,.tW< _"t. V' .. •• l.ll Sll . ., 1••m 1I8:!c t

..."'..",. -".. V" • n" I. 11 IStt.~ 1.\1911 IU!. t

~

1_'.. .. 0 ,. ,n .." .,~

,,-,I.. '. 0 ,. • n .• .-GI'".....'...lI« .... ,to ~ 0 ... m '.0 .m~

"'"-'.... ll' ,..... ,to ... " ... ,. 1.10 .11"",_,...,tI, ,..001.. ., 0 ,. .. Z." .•tol

.I10l!.' l16:. •_'tI<_Ito ." 0 '"

,. l." .~1..1< 0J'I.0 ... 0 ... m ,." .IIS11_,.. ~ .11 0 m • If_1O .11""-"" 1Il:.1ll 0 '" '" '.. .-"'IUl, ,....., .. ... 0 M • •• 'M-" .. .. ,. ••• M.' I.U. 1·11011 .....""-,,,,,, ~ .. ~ .." •• I.UfS (.11011 181~ ~_,....1< ." .. ~ tl.ll llt.9< I.m' 1·1101} lR!.'O-,..,.. ·, .. on ••• m." t.lotlIl (.ItOll lII~ I

!!.!I!!!.",-,,,,,,,-,,,,,. n' 0 ". .., ,n

"~1'""'..-.0-_,...,.. on 0 '" ~ 2.ll ./laMI........, .. n" " m .. It.lD .-tor_lO"" '" 0 '" '"

,. . IlIt

;""".·;"l_'''''to .. 0 ... ,.. ,." -'littio-'.".-GI'",_,,,,,,. '" " ,.. n. ,.. .1111

' .......,,1< .,.h I '11 0 ,. m 1. IS . Ill!./O/~. :101:. I

'_t,t" 'y," 1 Ill! " ~ '" .." .1))1

Apl'to I UJl. • 'n ,.. •• .'MGl"",..... tio-._'... Ito 1 Ull, • ~ '" ••• .,m,.....,.. I U1I1 0 m .. •• .lIlttio-••,..-Gl"._,....,..

'" .. "' ,. 112.!iO 2.111/ (./019) '''!. •",o".oGr,_,,,,,,, ,u " •• 19.81 lll.1'!i I.ll~ (.1019) 26.!.11"....,...,.. '" " '" U.11 11.41> .,~ (./011) .....,,"oltooGr_'...,to .. " * 1I.!iO 101.40 1.0/1' (./'01t) !S1:.1)Gr.. ,IO'-Gr.... ,... ,I< [ XIf .. ." ~.., 141.000 l.loOOt (./'019) Il':."

~",_...1\1, ....t .. ~ "

,.'" '.Y .nll

_1...111,_1.. ". " ,. '" ,." .-,,_I...tlt< _,,, " 0 '",. ,.. .no

"'_'....U'_l.. on 0 ,. ,n ,." .nu"'_10.-111',.....' .. m 0 ,. .., ,.. .- ./Ofl!. ~ lt1!. •

_1..-1", ,..oolto • 0 ,. '. t.14 .111/

206 F.P. SASSl, G. CAVAZZINI, D. VISONA, A. DEL MORO

TABLE J (cQnlinut!J)Rb/Sr

~.- S-l••. ....... t" .~ .. ~ ".,..,. CI1Sr..-s.-l.. l~1$r..-s.lt ~. ~.

_1...t.k .....U. - ~ '" ,. Ul .1It''"....,....,..• 11"

~ '" '" ." .1l11..Itu .......lItt.

• III A ~ '" • "m .~,.....tu..It" • 011

~ ,. " ll." .~

....It'" • un ~,. .. II.'\CI .1S79 JGr_,...htc .....u. ... ~ ,. m 2. ,~ .1l1S

Iir_t..... w " "' ,.. l!>t." ,.... l.'OU} lllO::lI".oo,lt.tee ". " ~ ••• 1".1' UKlo "" 'Gr._t,o'l" n " ., '.M l/US I.-OJO "" '1Or........... '" " ~ U.11 OS. 11 .'11'0 "".............1.. ... " '" ••• HS.16 1.~J 2119.: S

~" • • m ," .,m~l .1O'~1 "1IIl·ll • " m " .'_:.2 .~

Go~~h.. I ~'.,I\.. m·. • '" '" ,. " .I' "!.l .,~

PIHO • ., ,,, ," .,,11:' • 111)8

81HZ ~ " '" .0 ,"00;2 .~,... ~ ", ,. ,." • /126;<~ ~ '" '" us ,1111;'

'" ~,. ", ,. .7111;'.. ~ '" m '.n .n1:1!" .1l02!:,

~ ~ ,.'" 1.<2 .11~'

er_l...t ... I v ..it.. ... ~ '" '" ,." .1111;S .- tR:H~ ~ '" 'm ,. .,...,. ._~

m ~ ,. m ,." .n'~l .""'~= ~ ,. ,m J.IS .~l .1102:-,.. ~ *,. ..s, .,..,.

* ~ ,. m 3.10 .ml!.l

fm,.~ ,. m.' '.H

"":1Fqo1l.. ,...1_ lUn ~ ,. • ," .11»;"

'" ~ = .. t.11 .,~

M ~ 'H n.s 'O.ll .""~J "'" ~ ... " 1•.SI .l'IK.!. J

r.,.II" ,......... '"' ~,. RI ., .nn!. s ,7101.: I l~l-. ~ ., I'. , •• .1J1s.=. I .~J !"~ I-, ~ '" 11.1 5." ..I~1,

~ '0 " I.JI .TJtI:.'.,~ '" • IO.U .1Ul;. 1

In,. ~., IU /0. fO .-:.'

m ~,. U.I ".JI 1.-:' I

,.,.,H.. ,,,.1 .. • ",. :l.1 IJ.I' .'/0:. ' ._;.Ia t,,~ I

" ,. ., •• .'JoIO;.fl .l'Oll;.IO tu:. I

• 5' • If." .I.eo:. '" " '" .. .nol:. J

" ",. \~.la .1150:. /

f.,..lItt ,,..,tt "·1 " '" .., ", .•1 l.om:.11 ."0 1:.11 111:. I

• m " ll.n ,'111;. I

" .. 11.1 ,.. .1l'1:. J,. • ., ,n .1"':. •foyollt. ,,,.1 ... -. " ., •• m.ll 1./191:.11 .m':.H uo;. ,

f"Solt ... ,,,.1 ... ~n " ~ •• ISIl.OI l.iliJ1!,U ./1'1;. J N;.'f.,.ol1" ' ....1.. ,", " ... ••• IJI.t1 z.~1l ./II,,;.to Ut;. 0

f.,.oll'" ,.....1.. m " • ,., ID31. \, 0.0111:.1'1 .mo:.lO liS;' ,

,"yol1 .......1.. m " •• 1'.0 101.lli I. )OM:.n .nll~ , 111;. I

" • " '.0 .1111;. If.,..l1 ....., .. JlUl " •• .... ..11 1.-s;.I' .11"';. • "" '

RADIOMETRIC GEOCHRONOLOGY IN THE EASTERN ALPS 207

TABLE J (continued)Rb/Sr

Roe> type s_" •. 110,,,,1.. ••• "~ 8IRbJ'16$' (8IS'.,uS". (3'S'/~')1 ~. ..["'

0 '" " I. $9 · "OB,!: ""' • m '" ~. 0$ .nS2,!:

t ....,<1"' • 'le " .ml,!:

.71G&,!: 1 186,!: $

c.rd,",,,, ~...".,,. SI

'" • '" .. •• .IOS.!.

1..·.,<1'" " ." " 6'>0. ·'4 3.19C9.!. '6 . 'Ill,!: 7 119,!: ,

c.rdl«' •• ~".,\O

" '" ". " .IIlI.!. , .1101

t ..·oc1co,.Nli«lt. 9e10'<O "' .. ,.. ., 6l0.16 3.1'lll1,!:1" .II1S.!. 9 '79:'; S

GobO .......it. l!O." " '" ,.. U8.OS I.WlZ,!: ), 276,!: 4

GabO'....dto m " '" '.' I"'.ll 1.101ll,!: 41 211,!: S

...........lto '" " '" ,.. "4.9$ 2.441',!:IZ~ lJ~.!. I

['" " '" '.0 140.$0 I.lli%,!: 3l lJI,!: I

G"ood'.dto< • 1)<,"1'" .. " '",. SI4.13 1.IJ[IIj,!:I00 lIS,!: 4

". " ~, , '12.01 Z.3Sll8:!. l> VI,!: ~

Cl ... d'A",

G.o.Ho 01 '1.. ,'A,.. "., 10.4' lSl.11 1. Jtoo Z82.!. 8 "

G.on'te.' " .. d"'" ," .. ... l000.l6 4. J611 lel,!: e

G'o.lte~' ,00.11 ," ,~ '.0 106/i.61 ,.~ l~S,!: !

Gl-oood'odto ," '" I. '9 "l.$1 l. IS9.1 '9ll..!.I"

Gr,o'" '"" • 0' " I. I1 .nol]G".l\O CDA4J • .. " :lO.OI ,81"

~""". '"" • m " 30.12 ""j,_"to ,... • m " M.t3 1.0"1 .1I0l.!. S 2Jl,!: 1G,,_I••lto CDl$' • '" '" 1.0' · IISI

G"nl .. ,.., • ,. m l.81 .11'8

Oz-Dl.,.1 .. ~" • " '" " .- .1061.!.1l

Oz·~o.lto ,.., • .. '" " .., .1061.!. ~

Gr,"lto ,"', • '",. 2.21 .71S'

G"nU. ,"', • ,. ,. 2.6S · 71~1

Alllit.·,-" .. ,"', • '12 '" l.12 ·nz' ,llIal.!. I 21l.!. 6G"no<llorl .. CDll~ 0 '" '" 2.13 • "2l

All',t.· ...,.." .. ,"', 0 '" " lS.2S .1116

...,Iit. ,". • '" " '.61 .,Ill

, ...1'\0 CDlOO 0 '" '" 1.<7 ,110'

G"nl .. C(loIl) • ". '" 2.11 .111', ...11<. CDA)5 • ". '" '.6' .1161

..,11<0 COAI8 • m '" ,." .m/iG,,,I\O (Dl19 0 m '" ,." .7111

Po""'-Y"\O ,WO • ,. m 2.02 .IIIZ

,o.phJ'I"lto ,WO 0 • " J." .IZ"

~"nl",..,

" ". 10.01 OIS.81 '.1110 1/!.!. I

~,,"""I.d .. ,W,"

,. '.' 312. S1 2.1~4 21i!.!. I

G"n'to ''''' " '" ," 519.10 l.WZ9 lll,!: 5

1..,11'. ,WO " '" ;.21 llO.la ,~ 16',!: 6

G..,,""'lodto " " '" l .•l "'.0 ,~ In.!. S

G..,nl.. m " ... 1.01 Isa.19 3.11 Jl 11l! S

G"nl .. ((loIl1 .. ", l.ll 01l.19 2.5210 l/i'.!. ;

0,·01 • .1.. ,Dl;2 .. .., 13.% ~. 1I 1.041' 1I6.!.IU

Gro.I'. ,Dll' .. '" m 1. 42 .1161 .71il.!."G••_,." .. ((loIl/i " " w, ." .1092 .1041.!.1l

~AA 76.1 • .. '" .. ,11IiS,!: , "AA 16.l • " .. 2.lS 1126,!: I

Po'"Phl""d' AA 16.10 • .. .. 2.81 .IUIl..!. ' •JI la,!: 2 JiO,!: 3AA 16.l' • '" " 12.sa ,714~ 6

AA 16.l1 • '" " IJ.lO .nll.!. 1

AA 16.ll • .., " ".H ·7610.!. J

208

TABLE J (continutd)

F,P. SASSI, G, CAVAZZINI, D. VISONA, A. DEL MORO

Rb/Sr

~..". ~l••. "'.."., "- "- "....... cl1lorJ'tsrJ. tS~..-s'lt ~. •••

["" " • • .." '-' 'J,..\.00010_1''''<0 ~ 11-" " • " .." ,nu. I .m"!. ' )11~ I..... 11.llO " .. .. l.U .nn~ l

...., 111.. AA llLn " ... ••• n•.• l.Jl~IO]

" ",. ." .n~t

1'-:: ~

,-"Ut.. .. 11.13 • - '" Il.1t ,1_ ~]".,. " " ." .n».:.1 m.:. I

........._1••• '< ..... ~.1 • '" 10.1"",Ill.. ••• l.l",~) 1" ... S""....,eo_l•••,. ..... n.tl " " •"""Ill.. ••• ,-, ']• •• '" I.n .1101.'.2 7,;<.'.10

" • , ••• .'*.'.'

[" .u " '" '" •. 1~

,,~ .] •..... 80-1' " '" '" I. SI .1260< 1-'<.1.,< ,.., .... ..... 110· I5 • ". '" U~ .1:31.:., .11i~!.5 lS'.!11

Meo·n • '" '" 1. •, .m'!.J.... !lG-ZI • " '" '" .1tl'.'. \

""'I,lc ... ,.. ..... 8C-U 0 '" ... 1.tl,m,~ •

A<I,I..... ,.. AA ..,..,. 0 '",. l./l .ll~.'.

.«1.1. ,..1.. ..... lO-lS 0 ,. m •• .~l .11~1I l~l:l... '.,........ " .. 0 .. ." ... .n~"".1.,..,.. Mm-., 0 '" ~ ••• .nll!.kl.,. ,..ho .u. ..13 " ... '" 2.1S

n~'l0 '" ... ,." .m/· • JOt:clo

• ... B.' ." ./11.4.:. I

Io<WI,_,.. AA 10-1' " '" ... .." .~~0 '" ,. l.11 .- "~I

• ••• ••• .. .n"'!: •oI<WI...., .. AA .15 " ". '" •• n", ~

0 ,. m .." ._. -!o,• '.' .., ." .IIN::. •

,.",1. ,..100 ••n ",. ,. Z."

n~~0 ,. m ••• .It":• ••• .., .n • /1/00 I '"'... ... n.o n.li 1.I19hl

IIdlll< ...10. M .,.U " • '" .." "'~l0 '" •• •• .m,! ]ll! I

• 11.' ••• .. .m...

" ~ •• lRll 1.'SC)!l1

><l1I1< ...... .~. • ., n 1l.U ~.,~• •• ••• 6. \1 .16]0. J Il.!"

• ,. • \1.fO .1011! ' .1n1 <6J!I,Acllll< ",.1.. .. IIlHl • •• ,. 5. 11 .'YT! )

• '" ". I.U .1lS'! I

>,•• 100 .....t'W'1 '11'....

." "., .. \1.)l .rm! I ".n • "' " '.12 .r.l! •... • ,. • ..n · 'MS! 1.n • M " \0.11 · I")! 1

.H • ... • \0.10 .1'0ll,!10

.n • m K ll.1l .~!s... " ~ .. •• .nl.! •

"""11.1< '''_'tn ... " m K '.K •r]l:J.! • .110:J.! ' UI!.•'A rlt " ~

,. •• .~)

lA m • ,.'" ••• .n,,! l

.11 n1 • ,,, ,. •.n .n"';.!

" m • ,. ,n •. n •nu! I.,." ,. " .." .~r.~ " ,. ,. '.SI . nil! I

'A Igl, " ... ,. •• .'*! J

RADIOMETRIC GEOCHRONOLOGY IN THE EASTERN ALPS 209

TABLE J (conlinu~d)

Rh/Sf

~' .... ~l~ •. .....rI.l "- >- ....... Cll1lor~1a tl /1.tJ8'lorh ~. ~.

lIoJt-l!Ue: t.._ .... lA 11' " ". ".~ " 1.0U~ I 112:. •.".H'k ._... lA 1ft " 0 10.' 11'.7 '.1170:. 1 1/0,: •

""11<10 ._1... .. ," " ~ ••• :lS1.7 '-0111;7 '70:. •-,.IIUO 1.._ .... I. ~1 " ~

.., <11.1 J.!OU:.)f .....eoo>lIt1e: ._,... .'" " - ••• _., t.tt~ "".~lIUe: l.._lt. .~ " '"

,., n'.1 1."'l: • .....""'Il,te: ,.._I... ... " - ... 511.' 2.,no:'-1 U2:. 0-,.lItle: ,.._I... ." " R' ••• '!'l.lI l.fIOl~" 170:. 0.".11I1e: I,._tt. ... ., ," "., .., .I401~ 5 cKS~ 1)

"""Iitte: t.l_t ...I. '" " ". 10.5 'J '.O<I~ l "IIIIJoolitte t,.l_t ... T. In " m 10.' 11'.7 1.11~1

..,.Ittte t.l_t ... TA 1<1 " '" ••• JSl.1 1.0I11~1

~1tlte: t,.l_t.. T. I'JI " '".., 011.1 1.loOSl~J'J

.1\11~!1 1I1~ 2_.".Itlte t",l_t.. T.l1' " - ••• 2j<.1 1.'12S~~1

_..,..II\te 1",loIIrt.. lA JIIl) " '",., 11'.1 l.S9SJ~ I

_..,..H'te t,.,l_t ... ... " - ,, Ill.' 1.":lc4~<\

'''roH'te 1",I_it. ." " '" ••• '95.0 l.fI01~1\

'loyDlt,tc 1,.I_t.. ... " '" ". l.st .1209' 2..~ • • UI .'I"~ J"""Hlte: 1,.,_11. ... " .. ~ ,.. .IlVo I..~ ,. m 2.11 ./lID:!. ] .1102~ • "".""1 itte: 1,._1.. "'19 " .. m •• .12~1.. " ." • .1llJ: '..,.lltle: I._I.. .- • .. '" 1.11 .llJl~ I..~ " .. 1.111 .not:. l

TABLE 4Rh/S, analytical data . AUSTRIDES

-.... s.o.l••. ""ut., "- >- .,...,as.. c...·lor"-SO-Ia tIllor..-so-Jt ~. •••

~

'_UUe: ,.._tort.. ", • " ," ." .~

" .. • " '" .. ./l0l

". • • .. ., .1110

".. • • no " .~

"" • " '" .. .-", " ". '.R \2Il.1' .'m ( .1OIll) 12.1~10 •

"'....·"'l..·"'n.".l" ..._t

t~I.I""pIolo d10 MII-l] " ", ,., 251.~ .I9JI')OJ 2~.2~2.1 ..• " m ,." .,onio } ]1.I~ll.~

• - " 10. IS .IIl)~ I(~'.I_~'e: dJ'~' M71·lO • , m ." .,..~ 1I.'~lO

" •• Il.I tUl .Inl~ ,

• m '" 0.01 .IOIll.:. 0

""" om" • ,. - ,.,"~]

"""., • ,. ~ ,." .1\01:. 7

".t_ ~ • ,. ., 1.11 ./101.:. J•""':. J U.-':'l'.I... • 'D ," ,." .1110.:.'.... • ,. ,. ,." ./1'" I.." • ,. m l.17 .1117.:. •

~ • " ., .M .'0".:. I.., • M ., .M .Ill".:.'.." • " '" .. .7OIJ:. )

210

TABLE 4 (cQnfinued)

F.P. SAS SI, G. CAVAZZINI, D. VJSONA, A. DEL MORO

Rb/Sr

Roe' 'I"" 5...,1••. .....d.1 .,. ,,- 811tl>1~c (Sls,/Us..). 1315r/86I ..), ~. Rof.

.....nod'or'''. ,

l"""• " "' ." ·ro1'.:. • ".....In•• ",00 • • m ." .loeJ.:. J

1..1101 • " n. .00 .1011.:.1MIOl • " '" ... ./OIO.!. 6

c,..1t. MI6_' .. '" " 01'.02 .81".:.U ".6.:.1.0

• ." " '2.!>O .1181.:.\1 19.6.:.S.1Cro"H. AA16-1 .. '00 U 14S.'3 .l]~'S la.4.:.' .2

• '" 00.' SlU6 .1lI'.:.] J(l.B!:1.'....._1..1" 1.176·]1 .. '" U 6)(1.69 .67'0:!.6' 18.2.:.' .1Gr.nodiorlt. ." .. on U 395.41 .~. Pll'! 18.0.:'.0 •VM...'te d' ~'u

1..171_' • ,.. .. ••• .11 IS,:, ' "MIS·l • ,.. '" •• ,1116.:. 7....1\-) • '" m '.00 .1101.:. 1

Cr,,"". Kid cl;'k... M1S-5 • '" " '.26 .1131.:. •' ....11'•• and "1\-8 • ,.

"' 1.2' .109).:. S .71)96.:. \ " "~"no<ll.d",..IS·' • '" '" 1. 76 ./HIS':' lMIS·IO • ,. m 1.41 .111>9.:. lMIS·]I • m .. 1). 20 .11\4.:.'0M'!-ll • .., .. 6. 11 .ml.:.'""l-Il. • ,.. '" '" ·1\'6:!: l1.'./0-'\ • • '" " .1110l:. '

r"".lltu "'/0-% • '" '" ." .'1 12.:. J ."0'1.:. ' 21 .:.11M"-II • '" '" 1.01 .IIll! 5

M7'·18 • " m 1.0l .IIIS! SM70-6O • ,. '" 1.21 .1111!5

lM,..61 • ,. ,. ,..1110> ~ "M" • '" '" uo · J1I6! J

~. • '" "" I. 19 · Jlll! 0

I_Ht. ~ " ." ,.. IIS.21 . 91-1 J PO'J) .. ' , •'_Ht. 00' " '" " 139.0J .~1l! (./00) " , '

Mll-81 • '" W l.05

"'" ~"MIO·Sl • '" '" ,. · JIIIIl! <

GT,"lt., MJO_61 • "" '" I.S5 .1091! 0

MI.·6e • '" ~ 1.21 .1091! l•7089! I .. , '

MIO·69 • '" '" 1.28 .JC9!! l

MJO-JO • '" ,. 1.0~ .1C95! 1

Mn·&! • '" '" 1.00

""'jM7~·19 • '" '" ,." .IIOS! 3

M7'·ll • m '" .. · 'lOS_ I

M7'·15 • '" '" '.00 ./l01! 3 .I~I 03.S!".SMI'-11 • '" ., 1. I~ ,nOJ! J

Ml'·n • ,. "' '.M .7IOS! 3

M7'5·' • '" '" ." , 'IOS!

M73·5Ib • ,. " •. oo .mS!.~MI3·11< • '" m 2.IS .'119!, 1 .llOI! S " !2Z

:~~:::I~;II~ .no!Mll·19 • '" 'M l.05 ,'11~!, 1

M71-1l! • ,. m l.l9 .11ll5! ~

,pllt., M1l·6<j • .. ", 1..3 .7Ill! '

MII·4. • ,oo '" l.l1 .711l!! 4

M71·6$ • "" '" 1.1. .m6! I

M71·Jl • '",. l.ll ,7IS9! l

U/3·0l "" '" ., .'" .I\Illt! ~ "Mll·O " '" '., 011.11 .'I068!l lO.S!,I. ,M7<·\o • '" '" .. .IDI":. 1

~t. Alto

M" • '" '" ." .IllI! l

00' .. '",, "6.Z1 "" PO'JO) 11.0!J.D •

00'" • .. '" " . 1111! ~ "Mll' " '" ,. 4Jl.ll .ll57J!.I ~•.o!'l ,, ......tt. d! ~1..

M13_!oS • ,.. '",. ".,1M71·!oS • '" '" 1 .1'1 'l'9'5! l 18.1!1.0

M7J·!oS " '00 .., 1ll21.l0 ,1~21

RADlOMETR.IC GEOCHRONOLOGY IN THE EASTERN ALPS 211

TABLE 4 (continued)Rb/Sr

~o<k tl,," SMpl. ,. ...... ,1.1 ••• ,. ~ 811:t/!l6s. (81S./S6s'I. 181s,/Us')t ~. .,

MIJ·!llI "' " "' ." . 1111.': ~MIJ-'l8 " " "' ." .1111.': s .1111! 1 19.9.':1.3

MIJ-'l8 .. "' " SIi. l' ./J'9.':1Ml'-~ .. m '., «)I.t\

~;:;'}1.1100) t~.".!.3.0

MI'-" "' '" '" 1.11Ml.·•• • ,.

'" .. .11156' l la.l.':1.6Ml.·•• " .. '" " .11~ 2}Ml.·.. .. ~ , \81.31 .~6!l;. 1 .'1<5.':l 1I.&:!O.l

l""H", .....1.·.6 "' '" ". ." .1111+ ~Ml.·% " " '" •• .11lil.':I6 26. Il.':IMI.· •• .. •• U 5611.19 . 92l8!.",,,,,,ltt< .....1.-60 "' ,. m I. 11

"'" ~Ml.·6O " U m .. .11~ 5Ml.-6O • .. ,. .. . 111l.': I .111il.': I 28.1.':0.1Ml'-6O • .. " 1." .110<.': \

MI.·6O " " .. 2. 11 .1111.': ~ ".u1"6O .. m ... llO. la .al~

.u1.·U • '" '" '" ""'I.u1.·~1 .. ,"'" • .m".!. 3 .7111.': 1 V.I.': ,

.u1.·6\ • ,.. ~ 1. .l .1t~

.ul.·61 .. .., ,. 861. \IS 1.0«1.:.1.

~"'I"·"""".I....._",

PogoooUt< "'" '" • "'", 31,01 11. tl .a..n l51SlCl "Pl9Ntl'i, .'".'9''''''' ." .. '" '.92 .81.6l l.~ll (.1100) 101.:. 3 •Po!l"lu,t< ••t~'" ... • ,.,

• .11 9\11.26 '.- (.7!00) t!l.:. I' __titl, .....e.g.'!.t" ... • m ID.l2 16U16 1.•6l1 (.1100) tll.:. 'l

Po!l"l,nl< ••tl>o<;o><i" ... • '" 1l.01 l1a.1lI 1. 1.9) (.1100) Z~.':IZ

,."",titt, ••t,",,:,".h. ... • m 10,Ol 160.10 1. 2911 (.m'l) Z~.': 9PO!l"ltitt, ••tllOgolOt" .....H·ll • ". ',01 1069.89 '.l66li (.Hoo) tl'l.': 3' __ tltic ."1109"01" ....IHO • ,m 1J2.% 31.18 .19<l (.7200) l<a.:.lOPogooottt. I;.lII 11.l • tOS.9 38.l II. 61 .15'18 "• 53(J.) ·, 18\. Z 1. ,so 116.:. 1

• 101.1 " 21'9.9 ,.= ill.:. •Pogoootltf, ••t!>oV"ol" M1HOJ .. 201 ) ·, 911l.5o! 1. l11l.':ZI (.1100) l4l.:.H "• "" ". 14.62 .8811.':1. 1"!16

.u1l.)! "',. .. 12. , .I..I! •

.u71-J3 "' m 14, , 1I. , .!Ill~a

M/l·). "' '" " II. , .II~ •

MT)·I\ "' '" I~, I '1.8 . !Ill'l.': 1.u1S-'l "' • ""

,., .1201.:. •.....IS- .. • .., m u .noe::. 3MIS-'1 "'

,." lO.l .IIlO! Z

-'PH'le ••'t>ogooh... .*. • .. '" ".1Z60,!: • .1I11! • 16<:.': ~

MI8·Il • ". '" ... •IZBI><. s.*" • '" " •• .10Il.:. •

.*" • '" " ••• .1l~= •MI8-11i • '" " 10.0 .115-4! !

M18-ll • '", II. 9 .1139!IZ

MIl·5o! • '"' Il. t Il-S .1l228+ 5

• ltl9 ... lZ94.9 1.10<6!1&l 19<.:. 6

Poguttt. o 71>8 • \181 ,. l'l9 l.IOS ] ,. "• 30,40 19.•) I. 101 . I!O)

Pogoootltlc ."hogno'o< IoAIl·loo • "' '" l.I2 .Illl! ~ "• "' ll.l 61. II .9!-41;=. 11 Zll.:. 0

A.Htl, •• tllogn<'" MlI·Il "' '" 19.3 12.Z .1..1+ d• no •• 116." 2.1121: \ ZI8.:. J

,-title ."""","1.. illllO· I • '"' " ,. .13Z1! ,• '"

,. ,." .1JIZ:!. :] lOo.:. •• '" " 1/1. I 1.31"=,-

~

J"'.«I.itt, ••U"''J''Oh. MlI 1'9 • Il') •• ~8.~\ t.ml t9l.':Il "• "" lO.lZ l~.91 ..'" .'''.!.)I;

212 F.P. SAS SI, G. CAVAZZINI, D. VISONA, A. DEL MORO

TABLE 4 (,o"tiflll~d)Rh/Sr

~.-~1••. IIot..,., .~ .,~ """'" tl1s'/~'. 131S·1"srl t

_..~.

T_lItl. ,.10. H' O' ~11.1 'K 111.10 J.sm ~I' •t .. ooIU_,ll< ,..lo. -- O' JUl.) ,.. ~11.1' 11••1) '''::: '

• _., S.il_..

U!lK Xl1.:.1l

• m.' ••• n.OPt .1911 .-11.<1'. ,1."",,1... ..n • 'J.l 1•• )4 I ••~ Z .1tI,:::Jl •~'"11.... ' ...1._11.. RIll • 161.) K.W .1W~,I.,to<l......h • '.~I'• 1.U.. ".,locl... T' lit • 111.1 IU.' .1O:!c1O .111)04_t..

.'l~~~.m'::.t<I "'.:. ,

...._111< ...1.. T' 11] • ~.. •• tl.'I.:.",",-I•• I. 111 • ~.. n.n OS.Ol.:.st ,...;""_ho 11 118 • _. ".1' I1.D!.IS

:::~]"'''001'1, ".loo ". • IX,S ••• 1I.1I:"• Ino.' ,., W./ :1.' 1.:I••!-11

• 11•. ' . J5'1!.~ 3(11:11

• I!~.l ,., \.65. ~ !. 9.6 I. zc !.'

• IIS.S!. 1.0 l.n :.'Sro....,I ... II. '" O' m.' ••• U7.5 !. J,l

l"l~_!.JO' UI.SO' ••• ni.' :.'.1 1.I0Il ~l

.J~:.l' :/81:. I

O' nl.s ~,.I:,l.O 1.10'1 !.-"-1•• m • ~.. n.n 's.oz!,!' '-jO' ZGl'.l ,.. oIl.

" 11.~__!.O' 2011.1 .•11:" .11:. •O' ,.. ~ :." 11.19 :

,,"-h. m O'_.. .- ,n

~]•

",,-11. on O' 111>4.' ••• 'SI' "O' lIS1.1

" ,.. ,- '" 1,. :1 1CI~ ,

" 11511.' ". ·n .." :1 •IOJf!. • "'~ ,• _..

U.l' 11.~IS ...,• 'n.' ••• m •• 1.1\ : 1l0!:'.

• SIll.'__1.._110_'.,'" • ". " •• ....

~ •m • ., 11,5 n .• 1. Itsl

m • ~ • •• .,,"...........1.. Or.......t .... m • •• 11.1 1111.19 I.J1II

m • '" 1'.' 5J.JO ..~

m • ". 10.' 91.'1 I.JOJ' ."*!.'" '"J,: 0'" • - 11.5 .." l.ltsl

m • '" " 10.31 .'M

r' • '" • ." .,~

c.. t .. llr.......t .... "'" • '" ~ 1,51 .11"

"" • '" '" ,.. .,~

"".....1•• llrV!Of'ltI" '" "., ,. I J2ll. 15 '.6!i09 JIO!: •

• ~ I.n 1§2.81 \.9110 31~ 8

.....,...10. 0.1--.1.. m " 1101 3.l< 130lUI 1O,INe 296.!; •

• IUS 3.10 1929.\.0 '.UlS lll.!; I

""ton.h. llrUlolPN1.. W " 'W' 1.13 1292.t3 10.loOS' lel.!; •

• W 1. 'I 11S.69 LUll IIJ:. •

"'..... l •• o........h. m " ., '.n ,.,UIO ..... ",,'

• IS!' .., ISR.lI ,.- ~.."".......10. Or.......h. ". " ". ,.. _.11 0."" )Cl," • •Coo.l.. Or.......t .. "" " m '.W )SU,I U1IIi ....

"M • n. • ••• .11U

"" • • '" 1.16 .1111

"n • 'M '" ,." .""",,-h... "" • ,. • ,. .... .1111 lal

",. • " .. '.M .-"" • '" " ,.., ....". • n. '" 1.61 .""

........h. "" " ." Il." 111.01 .,n, 1~1

",-h. ". " ~ .." "'. .•11 "'.

RADIOMETRIC GEOCHRONOLOGY IN nlE EASTERN ALPS

TABLE 4 (continued)

213

Rb/Sr

Rock 'YP" S~l. n. Ho ..d" -,. Se 01"' 61r.l>/USe (6ISe/US e). 1311,/86S')1 ~. "'-'";0"9"0'" AA" .. ... i.'J loo.tl& .1'101 17.!. 5

-'"'10"9"0 1" AA" • ., .." Ui.D2 .-, 61.!. 9

""1·"11"0'" AA" • ,. 10.IS 16'. ~1 .- 61.!. a

"'"'IO"l"t'" AA" • m 'D. ,: ISS. ~, .8616 53:. S

-"''IOngno'" I:AW '11 • 191. 3 2/.1 31,01 .M' .51.!.IS ".. lOll; .• ... Ill.3 l.l~ l0'l! S.. 16%.1 ... 21/0 l.m 16.!. 3

Ort!lOllno'" IWl l11a • Z38.1 ".6 11. \l; ._, 111.'.16

• 161.0 ... 'I'. I Z.!Z~ J1D.'.1:

• 16'.2 ... UI.D 1.6'10 101.!.':.. 13&1.6 •• lOll 1.ll!I I~.'. 6.. 1311.0 U 931.i 1.266 188.!. ID.V>ognofs. ..... ,a, • 1/0.• I1lI.1 1. Hl6 .IZ8O 011.'.18

• 'Ji.~ 'S.l •• ._, 115.'.10.. _. ... 9/~, 1 1.1~ 16.! J

0'-'Ilo\l""'" ..... 1111 • ... 118.0 1.\-09 .1231 'll.!18

Oo-t!>ognt,,, l:AW llU • 15-4.1 ...8 16.SO .1019 ",,' ".. S13.0 ., 111. I ,- 13.!. 3....w IllS • _..

ll. \ 21. il ._.....W.11 • 1~1.l 11.1 31. 01 .-..... lllll • 138.1 '1.11 I'. se ._,

Ort~'''.' l:AW \101 • 11•.• ISII.I 1.186 .,m .1'02:." '5'.'.111

l:AW IlZ1 0 ".. 118.0 1. S'9 .lrlI

O,t"o<ln"'" IWl Ill1 0 _., 11.6 111.1 ,.SIl0 _., '\.6 '11.1 ,.SIl 'Sl.'-18

• IS'S.I •• ". .. .. J'~':

• lSI'.l ,. 1.11 .. " 104.'.':.. 1'61~. I ., ." lS. " lOli.'."Or"""".I .. '-"l! Illl 0

_.11.S 1'.n

_.'51.'-18.. 11'0.11 , , 125.\ 1.1106 11/.'. •.. 15ZJ.II ,,

"" 1.'!l(l 18.! J

""'-"'" Mn·iJ 0 '" ". '~.'l8 .8J6S.'. I~J..

• - ., '0 '.I~i..!. JS 6S.!. I.'

""'t..... ,•• ~•••w< ", 0 '" " "." 1.OS3•.'.5.] 104.'.10Ortf>o\ln.". .. ,,,. .. 1396.13 lUtOi'l.!.S20

~ MIl_:l< 0 ". ni 11./1 .9216.!. lZ "MII'3S 0 '" ". ,. .1101.!. •MIl-Jl • " '" 1.'3 .11S1.!. ,

0..1<>0]0.' .... MII·J8 • ,,, ... 161." .11'1.'. • . lOll:.!. 5 "8.'.UM/o·3i • •• •• 1.1/ I.SO'\:.!. .~

MIl·<l) • " '" 1.61 . 1108.!. •MI'-J6 0 " '" 11/. ~I .IlS-I+ S .IDI6.! 8 'J"11.. "' u ,. J.~'SI !9'~IO

S"'bl'

Mli·ZI 0 ". " 19.10 .lIG\I8... ,

}"M/i-n "" '" " 19.~ .S1OO... •

OrthogMh,.. Mli·l. • '" 11.1 \ 10.61 I .J!109:: " .1091...135 ... ...'1Mli-II 0 '" .. 71.61 ,.101S.! ,MI~_~ • '" .. IUS .6159.'. •M/~'Z1 • m " 16. '6 .8194.!. •

Ortl'logM'" " ,m ., 106'.'10 1.0ISI... 01 82.1... 2.5

• "" ,. SO<.2S 2.~.!.11 "' ",...... -IlJI.'-""'t..... ,•• lWl lSSt • "I.• 61.89 6.11i .11" '"bOt....1.... 15\5 • 1Ol.9 107,94 1.861 · 11J3l;Mj lS~ • 1\3.' '01.SS 'm · /118..... 1196 • 111'l. I 'Jl,6\ 2.381 .;IU .101ll.! 13 ", ...1',,"_""h't''-"l! "'" • 121.S 'ID. SI 2. '61 · 711...... 119/ • 109.1 ll9.47 UlJ7 .1l'lS

I:AW 11'l8 • 161.8 \3.JI 8.151 .1561

""9<09"'''' '-"l! ISI' .. IM.loo) '16. I 9,01 Iss.) .~, 66.1... 1,0

1101100·1001 '17.1 9.51 101.1 .m' 65" ... 1.0","_'n l:A" 1515 WIoI1OO-Zoo) ... , 11.19 111.1 = 93,6.!. J.D"",_,.. ..... lS56 lIoI (W-SO) '\9.1 II. I I 9\.86 .w. 1'1S.S.!. S.DOM (80·100) ...., 11.86 'l8." · 9111 1lI,6... '.D

*(100'100) 'S1. 1 11. SI IJ.88 .1ll31 '" .1:. J.D

214 F.P. SASSl, G. CAVAZZINI, D. VISONA, A. DEL MORO

TABLE 4 (continued)

~\...RbjSr

L....''''l''.tttc '1"'1"

O""""d gnot ..(;r••Hold gMh.

Gr•• "old !J'I'Ot"

.....1«>1; 9/101"

'0"'09",1", 9""is.

[""''''l,.nl''' _,,,

.....n"old 11"01"

'''''''9''''''' ,..I>.It<><'''l,,"<tt, \1"01"

..... 1196

MaO-16

MllO_19

M/l-10

MI/-'

1 lOll

I HIl;.

T \285

I Il98

, IlOl

I 1311

T Ill~

T 13'8

T UlI

I OIS

1 UZS

31 131_60111 Illl)-lDOl

.. 16(1-100)

11 (80-1001

..(100-150)

lOO (31-60)lOO (W-all)

lOO (80.1001

IOIPOO_ZOO)

IIIoll00.UOj

"" 160-6(1),.( lD(l-Z(ll))

•VII (JS_6(l)

Wo (6<HIG)

Wo (80-100)

""110(1-100)

•"••"••••••••••••••••••

~'>.'J ....., '.lS-.011

Fold'G'

••r.ld"'l'

••"•"••••••".... >.<J ...

III '.0/,. \\

•"">,03_

'" I <.1\ ...

••

Ill.l

~.

la~.1~~1. 1

3~1. ~

'13.6

'J8.'«,.'nS.1116.9

116.'119.2118.1

62•. 1

ilt, J

~z,z

uo,s

"••m

'"'00'm1012

",m

,oZI.8

311. I

17114.1

416 .•

9011.1

291. Z

>!n.l

9/8./

2iJ.6

Ill0.SCOl. \_../01. I

100.3

moB.B

1130.•

HIli.!331. B

Ill/.a

151. zlSol.8

1568.1

'JlI.~

1111. •

lIil. a'19. ~

1~.6

611.a

1%.1

1%.1

111ll. ,

11l.1

9~1. ~

~.

UI.I

I 11~.•

10'11.1

281.9

186.9

\l.ll

11.3019,80

11.10

10,%

11. 11

19.11

10.SOl

11. '9

11.91

9.U

9.l9

".,10.19.."8.1~

10.<3

",..,."••••.,••.,,."la.~J

IUl

29.89,.11. 01

11.63

3.81

."••1<.1)-1

l'.10

1\.89

J8.1~

9.01.."11.11

<9.99

'.91

2a.161•. 11•. 16

19.3'

J, 7~

17.811l,86

69,21I I. al

'M".61

S.Dl

28.01

11. Il

lIi. S'

".091J.~1

11.18

1•. 10

11.1/

\16.9

'"'1. III

1\\.6

'l."

119. I

66.JI

111. 1

1I 1. I

19.11Ill.!191. ,

l.lJ1/181.1

10-1 .•

111. 1

118.1

3.17~!I1.l1

3.16

7. \1/102.<1

26.68166.6

/1 .•''69.1

1169.8

6~.01

1117.~

./.69

160.1

.1.3'

'-0,.9

an.1.1.01

118.6

31. I I

31.16

11S.8

11.:16

l'9. I

361.0

9,93

11.11

IZI.'IS.~

.1. /1

163'.1

".1<19. I

61. JlI

I&<. I10. ,\

m.ll1.91

,."66-1.1

~.18

I ....

1~ .•111.11

118.1~o

r.8.11

SIi.<1

.1639

.M'

. 'IllJ

.7109

.11.1

.8<19

.,~

.8132

~.

.1811

.811'

.M

.1618

.111/

.13D!i

.9316

.".

. 1J16~ 1]3.1<8S~11

.lJ81~ 1

.1~3· .]

'.!lD61,!,281

. liD1I' .]1.IJli~.10

.83l'. ~]1.1I1J~10

11.001

1.1f>B8

~. I11

1.0162

1.9301

.'l\1~.,.1. '101S

.9118

Urol.~

.9lO9~,

.1929

I.l'82

I.lDll

.8<11

.8\11

I .ISlil

.8'~

.91'-O

1.91-'

I.1J18

'.~,.­1.0'1

.8163

.9101

.7183

./1831.7l6..9108

.8111

.8130

.181'

1..9£9

1.3011

.~.

.9\93

1~ .!. \.1Z6.8~ .11ll.6~ z.glz.z~ .82'.1~ l.l

62.~ 1.6

SIi~1.t

SIi.'~ 1.1

.~. J.!. I •

Jg.~.!. 1 1

1'.1!.1 \

J7. J.!. I

66.l:!: I.D

6l).9.!. 1.3

18.1.'c 1.3

19.0~ U

lOO ~ \

301 .!. ~

11' ~ l

ne ~Il

09\ ~ro

191 .!.IZ

'Ill ~11

!/$ .'c 1.8

.ro ~le

'1/ .!.19

82.'!. 1.3

... .!.19

91.I!.J.6OIl ~ll

'n .!.lJ

82.l.!. 1.<

319 .!.70

'lO.I~ 1.6

'lO.I.!. 1.6

116.a~10

III .!.I<

as.7.!. 1.'8<.<~ /.1

111 ~18

lO\ .!.11

<ll .!.19

Ill' !. 7.6

"1 .!.1110< • <

711 ~1(l>

911 !. I. I

'13 ~13

.63 :!1191.I.!.l.1

<11 .!.3l

1111 .ll

8<. I~ 9291 ~ 61

189 .!. a1116 • •

/91 .'c /1llO .'c 11

•

"

RADIOMETRIC GEOCHRONOLOGY IN THE EASTERN ALPS 215

TABLE 4 (continul!d)Rb/Sr

~l ,,"po S-l••. 11I..,1"-~

..~ 11a..-s, (1IS,/8I1,j. (3Is,f"$"1 ~. W.

",..1<1< ,...1" ,,~ • W .• m.a 10.01 .an •• .:. ID

• Il(I.1 'JJ.1Il 0.11 ..~ ~1I .:.l~

,,".."1< ..,10. I un • ~. ••• ltl.l(I um l(I.l.:. '"• foa'.' SI.. 13." - W ,-,,".. ltl< ,..10. ,,~ • uu ••• S1J.~ '.Isn ".1.:. •• M' ,. •• .- m .a,,".. ltl< ,..,,, I Iltt • ftl. S 11. » 'DS.l(I .a. ". I.:. •••

" 6ll,1 l.ll Ill.lI 1••1 n.S.:. •••• lit. I m.1 2.OS .•m •• .:.1"

• I••• ~.. US .1l2t m .:.1"

• I".l 10l.~ ,.. ..~ w .:.2'>1"-"',I<: ,..1.. "* • _., •• ~.. ,.- m , •••• Zll.1 JJ.Ol ll.1l' .1111 •• .:."'~... tl$ ,..1.. , 1.1 • ••• ••• f".1 '.llt' •• , '"• 111,l ".1' ••• .- •• .!ll'lI1_..,1< 'QOO" I I.' • 11'.1 ••• 11. Il ••• a.I.:.l2I. "",_I..

• .., 2'>1.1 1.01 ."' m ,-_1,.,.,..,1,. ,,~ • IA1.1 ••• 111'•• '.~ •• , u

• _.. n .• •• ••Il ,."l__ltk ...11. ,,~ • 111.l •• 11'.S ..- laD."':. ~

• m.' ••• IS.M .- ~ .:. 1111..1t.....110 ,..1" • •• • m.' lUll 71." .•I~ • .:.Il •

" W .• loSl .~, ,,- /U.:. ,• Ill. I '".) l.11 .ne y. ,-

,,-..UI< ...1" ,,- • '1111.1 ••• 411. I ,,- M.t.:. '.'f.lf/$ 1'0.' :IS.II 1/•• .a. .a .! 11

• *., ••• If.Sl .M' ~ .:.U1__.1<1< ,...1.. , m'll '" I '.l'lI. IOW.' '.n SU.• I.VU ,. , •••

"" •. 1S--.l'lI 101D.S s.n W .• I.nos •• , •••• "I.' n." lS." .- ~ .:. IIlAu<op-.I,I< ...1" t 11/1 • .1.0 1.1. .".l ..- .I.t.:. •••• M' 1l.ZI •• .m• m "lAIooJo'Oftltl< ...... 1 1311

"'. >.l'lI. 'llO.l 11.2' W .• 1.llOI •• .:. ID'" I '.l'lI. HIS.' 1'.16 ItS.1 1.2SGI '" , •• •• n.16 lli.lJ .w. -,.

l__,.I<1< '"', .. 1 1l1l '" ".l'lI. I Ill. S 1.SI 1131.2 • rn ". , •••"" I • IS·.l'lI 11/0.1 ,. J08I.' S.11D •• , ..,

• <41. I 11.10 •.a 1.1111 •• ,ml.ooH:ot".m< .,.1" ••• • n6.6 ••• 'J.n 1.0161

~"a • m.' fl.OZ 'I.lt •••uu • nl.6 N .• ll.OI .Illoll

,,"","''''Id "",I.. ,m • W .• ••• :IS. 11 ..~". • ~., Je.IS Il.lE .n.

'''<0'9,."111< "..1.. , Il'lIJ • 131.S I'.J-I ••• I.UI'Gt",.I'.ld ,...1 .. t UII • Jlil.' 11.81 61. Je ..-Go"l'U"ld ""'I" Till. • 1.,1 ••• S.91 .mLou<O'J".I'I< pool.. T 1311 • lll.3 21.01 14.11 .,nilG,..I'I< 11""'" 1 1].15 • \lO.l 1Jl.Of '.16 ..~rI3IJ • Ill.' SUl8 Il.61 .~ .110'5.:. 3 441.:.' ..Gt","u, _I.... ,,~ • m.' Y.• .... .l8fl

1 1].1' • 101.1 10l.• ,.. ..~(__,.1'1< ,...1" 1 Il51 • 111.1 n.ol 13.81 .171'",..It. _,,, 1 TIn • 211.l 11.14 •• .-l_..lIl....I.. "m • nu 03.&1 IS.1lI .~'11",,,. " ..I,.....1.. , 1)61 • 161. I 1/1.1 f.61 .•m

r-• *., ••• lO.s.! .1591

l_,o.HI< ,...10... t 1)70 • ",., ll.lt 1I.1' .-, m) • /S'.O n.1i '.n .w.... • 011.1 11. 10 ••• 1.111J

.. I_I SdlI,. ~~ " m ••• ....S, 1.401 ... ' »

""""" " m ••• tJ1.41 1. JI• ... 'I.. 01", ,1.,100;10.1< ~y, " m, l.SI ns.S\ ..- .... •,...1" • m

216 F.P. SASSI, G. CAVAZZINI, D. VISONA, A. DH MORO

TABLE 4 (continued)Rb/Sr

Rock 'ype 5....1. ,. ..... ,!.. "- "- 51tll/Usc (81~"US'J. (31\,/$65<), ~. ",.

Go..... "".... ~~ " 353.3 5.12 lOO.16 .941 a2~ 6o,,,><,is, • lIS. I

0... 4pt I:AW 109 " 918.1 1." 'i'IlT .43 \.190 S4.: 1

" 'lIS. I ,." 914.67 ,- Ilol! 1Gornc••!,,«Ms<

~- " 491. I 4. S9 311 .•2 1.094 8~ •

• IlZ.4

810tHI< porpll~l.stl'W~ " 14S.9 ,." I. 111/ !IQ.!: 4

!I"<'"

~ • 11Z.4

Pl'9'"<1.,,, 81." ..· W", " 519.4 .." 266.06 1.0lI! """"..,..U. go.l .. • 181.3

'" " ll'.Z

;;,J" 332,8

" 33<.2 It.6 8S.!.3i

" llU n '"810tlte ~l.~joch," n. • 91. 1 189.14 U3!2

"""}_1....

" 420.4 ,., T6La .!. 1.4 .,.l!U

" '"" '" ,. lal.]! \.90 .9(\2.19 ./llIl!.30 SI!.'l

" 16O.1!. US .g!l!.Z6

• '" 14S.9 3.oIO.!. 7 .7ll!.6

• '"'" " m' u .• 101'.2 , ' """} "" <62.1 . Illt!\!1 " "" 13./ 9\1. li !. 1. 15 .8SJ.!Z! • !.11

" 462.1 111O.S !. 1.. .853.:11

'" • 1I 1. I nz.' .~lC .IZ1~1

' ••tn. ~l'ljoc:T... " 461. S IS .• 8/. I " ,831.:19-,...." 46Z.1

" 464.!I IS.1 'Iq " .831.:20

" " .:1.6 .8Jl=.Jo .11"~2~ " ~16

• 166.1 ~.. I.~J.Z .1~2'

• 1/1.4

• 166.\ 3lJ5.t ~1J~15 .1ZZ~29

• 1108.2 580!.20 .715~10

ato.t...'e"",lt..

'" • 16/.)pl.,toclo •• _t.. ~j.Ol 8.25 ~1l

".~]" n•. z u '"' " '.~5 ~1~

" m .• .1443~47 '",,

... """"",,I ••_Ante,... I•• " lOOZ.1 ,.. ". '" 4.10 ~l~

60._ I

" 1478 ~ '.67~T1

P'''I'I'IOI.. M/I 19 • " " l.2l .ml •P.",,,,, .. M7J 22 " ". ,. 3. ~~ .135'(Ooo\ .. le .te"<llt,, AA13 23 • '" '" l. J4 .,~

(Oool .. t, .1,..'hUt AA73 IS • '",. ,." .1196

[""" • " '" ." . 1148.lrm~14 51'.~~3!l

P"·l..t.... AAIJ Z1 • " m " .115-0A71lla • '" '" 1.61 ./ZOOM13 24 • n '" '" .1214

...1..1, .t'..cl1lot AA" ",. 10.l4 116.22 1. 5O~1 m~ • •

AA" ",. 4.69 321.114 1.1811 313~

,AA" " '" 8.l~ ll6. Oli .1168 ,~ •

P"'9"'h••• AA" " ", ••• I!;!;. 14 .1809 19~,

AA" " "' ,. 450.ft .89Z'l 26~,

AA" " '" 1/.0ll \24.15 .893lJ '",

Mi,,,cl1h. AA" " '" 3.10 4!l4.12 1.3151 -, ,[AA " " '" 9.1e 1!l8.31 ,.- 221~

,P."I'I'IOI.... AA" " '" ,." 4.l." .9211 ., ,

AA" " ", .." :Jl.Ie 1.1l~ lOI~ •IIonu.,...l,AII \208 • lZ8.S 71.7 ,. '" .1Z0li "l::iNiif"iTe..,ht"

• l51.9 "., lO.Z'l .13Z'l lO'~ 75

Go .......te".hlo' l,AII IZOl • 1~1. 5 131.1 l. Jl4 .1350

• '" Isz.e ,m .1381 126~1<li

" 621. I U 400.1 1. 180 '",

TABLE 4 (conth,utd)

RADIOMETRIC GEOCHRONOLOGY IN THE EASTERN ALPS 217

Rb/Sr

k'~ S-I••• Ilotod •• .~ ,.- 11"",Ms. (B1SrIMsr>. tl1s,JI'sr>, ~.

_.

Go... "'uKIIlsl .'UO • 111'.1 '" •.= .nl1 --• ~., ~., ,.- .= 1R!::J:!l;

" .•, •• Ill.S ,.- "!:,

&o_I .....""'n • tlS, • n.• lll.' I.SW; .- --• m.l IOS.J •.w .m' IZ!.'"

" ~., • l".' 1.01S n, ,~'--'"

• 1IJ1 • 1.'.1 Ill.' •.e .= --• rH.S n.t ..~ .= 1~1l7

" M.' ••• ns.' .~ ... ,1'0It1. _Ito II1II 11)1 • ,~. » .• ..•, .m, --ldIhl

" 111.1 , Ill. , ,.~

'" •'.,_h. IN ItK • lSt.l "'.S ..~ .m. -- n• 1....1 "., S.Sll .- '" !.'CI

" m.' • m .• I.OS/ • , ,__h.~,- • .., RI .• 0.11 .- --__'..•.........1.......

" - 11.' "." .rn' " !. """~II ~" • ,. .." -.:1 ~

, •" •• ••• 01'.81 ur"=.

,~"-'"

WW, • " ... ,." .116l!: ~ fit- !. •" - ... n'.n I.MI!.Zt

""."rol.. W •• • ,. no .." .ml· SJ rI.' '.'" - ••• ltO.I' ."01.",.._h. W". • " ." ,n .ml!:IJ ".'!. ..." - 11.1 •• .1.SOoJl

!loo"Sl< ",,,..<:10, .. WO" • m '" .." .101!:nJ or.'!: 11.t

" N ".' 13.11 .Il'tS!:JO

• ... ,. .." .I~I

"'.....10. W .. " n, ••• DJ.SI I.llOOl+lll} S/. I!. U

",.

" ..n .I:I81!:21 1• '" ".. 11.ZI .81IS!._ '" ,n

~.......h. WI·" " '" It.3 l\.l.ll

.~~~ on •"

,,, m .." .IlSl!.U m ,"• ." " ." . "lS!. •

~"_'" W3-tt " m ," 3.IS ./~u] n. •," m • m.o 1.~I1!.'S

~••~h. M13-tJ " ,. .. ,.•.111l!: ~~ -, ,

" 'n ••• "' . I.IlBI!:"S~... Il"th. MIJ·M " ,. m 1.11 .I'I'!: S

'",,

~a..9"Olso MI'·M " ., ••• 110•• U11O!: IOJ •,...,..,.. Am-" • ,. ,. 1.81 .Ioot. ~ -"" '" ••• ,so.n 1.SIBS<1~...,..h. MIt_1 • '" '" UI .11(8< ~ 0' , '

" m ,., BOO.!' 1.16IS.I'!

~a.afMh. Ml.·r " '" '" 1.12 .I'''!: ~ m , '" '" • 111. !I L1ltO!: 1

'a.a,..'" Ml'" • '" ... '.0 .11tB< ~] ... , '" '" '.' "'.. 1._. le

"..,..". Ml._' • " '" 1.3' m,!: :] .,"" m IS. , 100.15 , 11l:l>

'...,na'" M1O_ll " '" ... <Su. ,Im!: 'j tU!: ..

• '" '" '.11 '....• ... ". '.21 .I'll!: 2

~....,..,.. Ml.-18 " • .. H." .1_ JOJ ,., '" - 12.1 '1.10 .tln: to,.._h. Ml.· " • ". m '.2J .mr!:u] '" , '" •• .., 271.01 1.5OIZ••S

,....goo, .. W'·ZI " ~ ••• ~ .17";: toJ V.I:: U

• ,. '" ••• .- ) • ,,,• - '" 1. In .m!:!, A

_hole .'co...'" W'-l] • ". • 11.21 .Itl" ~ ".,!: I.. m ••• Jl1." .Mll!: I'a....., .. W'·M " • .. ,." ."", .:J ..••!. I.'

" m ••• tsIi .•' .-

218 F.P. SASSI, G CAVAZZ1NI, D. VISONA, A. DEL MORO

TABLE 4 (continued)Rh/Sr

Rock type 5." ,. 11.1,..1" .~ ,,~ 811Ul/86S' (~lS'Ie&sr). (31S,j86Sr h ~. ",.(.,")

'."g..l" MH-ll • •• •• 2.78 .1l~1. 3J '" "" m , 011./1 !.!Z!l:.lOS

'°"9"1" M14_19 • '" '" 1.69 1/6):. ~] •oo • •

" '" U ~1.19 6120:.5<)P"&,,ol .. Ml'-'JO • '" '" 1./4 l)(ll!. I] ". ·,

" '",, rel.S! J1J.1!.4(I

"o..... ,.O<l·r;" .... , 9"01" lAl< HiM • ..' 111.Z4 , .091 .1169 '"111100-100) ~J S.82 190./ · nZl 2U!. D.IwN (8(l-100j 188.1 161.0< 3.266 .nos '" ,.

' ....!J"OI.. M/9-' • .. ., • .)]2'}+ lJ "oout.ol " .., It .1 110.06 .//61+ 6 .. "Gnoh.l, .1,..,"1>' _., • '" '" 1.21 .1191' 'J" •• • 196.n .9391:"0 '" "• '" '"

,. .nl'.!. 1 • ,.GMt,,1, .1,..c~lIt -, • '" '" 1." .1lW!.Z

" '"., l~,SI 1.8501.'.32 '" ,.

• '" n. UI . 7366:. 2 ". :.ZJGnoI"I, .1eu,"" -, • '" m ... .118S!. Z

" '" •• Z6Ol.71 1.00/'...19 " , '• '" '" •• .mo.'.s " .'.'1

""'15,1, .1cucMn_.. • '" " '.61 .1<6'... '.. '" •• 391.11 _1171.'.36 • , '

• '" '" 2. J4 · l ....... " .'.11<:0>010.1, .1"u''''1 _.. • " '" ." .1HO!. 1.. ., ,., 311.11 1.\'~9 • "Gneh. _., • .., '" 1. !l •/ll<l:!. •.. '"

,, 8Ol-l7 1.(l84Z~89 ~ ·,Gt!fl,. -, • '"

,. '.M .7189~ •

" '" ,., 15A7.96 1.'!8II~I!,.

"MI"IC~I>t AAllO·I6 • '" '" •• .74'1~ 3 "" ,. , 7Bl.Jl l.6l~!-O " , ,• n. ", l.n .741'J~ 4 " ~ lJ

Mi<OlC~!ot M81H7 • '" '" l.9· .7J90~l

" '" ,., 6!>1.llII 1.'851~1Ill " , ,• '" '" /.61 .7J81~ 6 .. ~ IS

Por&1l"01" _." • '" n" I. 91 .7117~9

" '" .., l18,9l 1.0011~ ~ ,. ,Mi .."01,, _." • '" '" 1.61 .7106~ 1

" .., U 303.16 1101~'1 '"' , ,• ... ~ /.11 .71l1~IO '" ~11S

Gno1l.i~ .1~..c111>t_.. • ... m 1.'9 .7190~1

" ., U 318,68 l.0:>917~IS " , ,• n, n" ,.

.7Z'S~ 2 '" ~ 11P"op1" ~.. • " '" ." .71~ 1.. "' 1l.~ al.41 .8l11~ 8 .. ,PO"9M i.. M71·7(l • 'M '" 1.81 .71l7~S

• ". ,. U6

::~; :J' ..°9..11. M1l·" • '" '" 1.81 •• ~174• ". ,.'" .ml~I8

P"&'I""1" Ml.-3 • " 17.S ,. .n19,! 6 m , •• '" "., 9.31 .7S90!.lPor&'l"o1" M14·11 • ,. ". 1.&1 .7ZS!~ 1J '" ~ 61

• '" '" 1. \6 . 7Z6-<~ 1P"&'l"ol .. M14-17 • ,. m 1.18 .n~7~ J) 31~.~ IS

• m '" s, l1 .7417~ 1

Mlo..o'1>' M11l-l9 • ,. ." ." .1..9.!Z] '" ",

• ", '" ," .1~...3Mic.oK"1ot M1S_11 • '" '" ••• .nW...3] !lO.~18

• .,"' 1.11 l1Z....Z

'o"gnt". M1l!_l1 • ~2.' '" 1.~3 .1U1",~) • "• ,. '" ... . 713....&MI<&IC~1>t M73-37 • '" '" •. S1 .7431...3 .. ~11

• 'M '" /.11 . 7196",Z0;,1 ...--. ~l.tlta T 149 • "'., .... 5&.61 .1811 91.1...19 "pho"'ltt••ohl"

RADIOMETRIC GEOCHKONOLOGY IN THE EASTERN ALPS 219

TABLE 5Rb/S, analytical data - PENNIDES

~.~ ~1••. IIOto"" .~ ,,~ 111:tI,t6s" (ll~r/ll6s.r-l. tl l1<t!"sr)1 ~. M.

S. W. l_mWI_

'_lltl< ~.."I .. " • M' '" " .1099:!32, ...11.1< ....It. " 0 '" ., U .lClJ~!•

[: 0 N.' nl.2 .'n .1l11~1'

""'"-11.... 0 130.) ,. ,.w .II~l'

0 1.1. I 1ft. I r.'.:::;;~]r:

0 ns.' '1.' lUI

".lItl< _I... 0 m. "., lS.n .~n.11~IS ~ "0 11.1 N.' US .,*,"1.

0 ~., n '.N .1i~11

1_IUI< _I.. " .. •• .. lSO.1 .nn~• .- J1.~ .•l_lIU< .... It< " .. 0 .., .., .711~n .~, 11.1~J.I

'_lIU< ....It< , .. ~ ••• 2<J.S .,"I:SI 1I.I~1.1

'_lIU< .... I.. • .. • ••• '" .-;0 Zll ~u'_11.1< V,.ll. • .. .., • 2RJ .1lO16~56 IU~l.1

1"",11'1< ,,,,.It. • .. ... M.' M.' .Im~ll IS. 1~5.1A!>go"-II. N .. ., 11.6 llO.1 ,7H~4lI . illS lU~l

~I.. N .. ~ 11.6 lU.1 .7in~lJ .1111 2l.4~1.,.....,..,.1.." .. '" 11.1 11 1.1 .~JO .IlJO n.~.l

....11.1< ....1.. • " 1611 ,.. 111.1 .~. .nu I' :.1"'1111< .....1.. ~ .. .~

, 1lI1. J .1t.U.:9D .'m 1•. a:. .•"'lUl< _It< • " ,m IJ.J ~.. .-,.0 .•10 V.,:U'-"""le ....tu ,.to. _111 0 151.r 161.1S l.m .11.

1

"11.., .. _1100 _110 0_..

S7.11 \l." ..._'n0 17.11 .- --,1.. ,.1..

_ lU0 101.' In.11 ,.* .71'2

Ilo.IU ......1.. ,.It. _ 11.0 11.. .n, .1106

~I< .....1"',.1.. OWl 111 .. 161.5 ,.• ~.. .•,la n.l~ 1.1 ".. w .• 1. IS w .• .'111 r2.t: 1.1Iloth...>cool.. <All 110 .. IIR. '.M 1171 . 1116 11.~ ..'ulP'l"9"Ol.. .. ,.""'""'l11O .... to. UII 111 .. nu 1." S'lIi.1 .- 11.S: 1.t.. ~. ,." 5/1. ! .Im 11.1: 1.t, .ss.• '.M 160.' ..'" n.a:. S,S11..110 .......11.0 ,.11.

_ 11'

" SIS.' ,.. "1.1 .., 11.2: 1,1, _.2111.2. N.n .- M ~1'.1

• JlI.J M•• M." .- M ~1l.1S.l. t .... WI_ .'" 0 1•.1 '.0 •• I.~I ..

." 0 lU.' S.1l • I.~l.~ 0 171.\ ••• n., .M22:1f0 .tIll: '0 lilI.l 1,'1 n. . .e1.:11

"12 0 .~! .Ilf1~IJ '" "0 U'.l " •• .Sfll:l.

• .M":II

• 119,r 1/. f.., 0 US.I IU" 21.J ._~11

.~ 0 lst.2 U 11.1 . T7OCI:l'C<>o .... I_otr..lte> 0 .>611: '

6111 0 1l't.' " .." .I~U

0 .1.: I

.'" 0 l$2.S 11." .." .7J1~I'

0 .~I

.m 0 12S_f M.' 5.11 .~lf

lO"0 . 1ZIS:!:10 ..0 llS.1 .ms: 70 lto.~

6101 Lf 0

61(111 Ll • ,. In.M '.0 .mO:160 .l~'

220 F.P. SAS SI, G. CAVAZZINI, D. VISONA, A. DEL MORO

TABLE , (ronlillu~d)

Rb/Sr

-- S-l••, ""_I., 0- ~- """'" 11l'$<o'/"s<o1. (311r~11 ~. ~.

["" • 170.l 11ll.§4 1.6/ -'Xln.. ,..1_ l_.UI~ A llf • ,,,.S lOS.14 I.n .nl1=.Jl

'" ;'' ...1..•....10... A 311 • 211.2 lU.~ 3.11 .7110<:11

A 311 • , 4J.l ilt.IS ." .1lI1:!:lS

n", \..<",,,.110. [A '" • ••• 321. 12 • .7091=.10• '11 • '" 1'1.l1 U ,11"=.'0

'-In. l JI' • '"' ." sin 2l.l '" =.1'l_.,....lu t '/11 • ., 5.01 ". ..,11 11. '!. 2.1

'" .".• '" 10.' » .'114

~.. ,loO C ,11\ • •• 11.t ".. .1041 " .." - .. U2.1 .- .. "" 11. , H.' • .~

• ,. ".. S_'l .-T_lt.. ( ,no " ." 31.2 ••• ..." ]• ., ,. .G •110& .. !. J.I.. 17.7 H.' ." .-I_Uto ,'''I " '" 0.' IS.' ./llS

]• '" .- 160S=. •

" ... m, .~ • 101'.. " ID ., .-• r...... yt__tU • ~., 1".2 ,~ .121t "'......,...." ..11< ,...11. • SfoIi.S "., It.I' .1/1. "!oIl

" ,~ \1. I 171.6 ,~ It!. •~It.t_. "",I.. I:AII a,s • 135.' lG4.1 l.16S ,71"

" 10,2/.1 .., IM.I .1511 Il,! 1

~t'" .'•.1" I:AII .,1 • m.! Z~.l ,.. .7122

• m.' lI. I ".H .nu U=.14

" 10\1 U on;./ .7)11 ~,

....... , .. of'CO$lt ,...1.. ..... .,. • 1".5 a.' .1117 .11&4

• _.. ••• 21." .IZI' U~lS

" "1.~ ~I.l "." .n" 1t!.1......·'-11.. UIl lIlI • •., ~.. ,.. .nu

"_.. ,.. n.H .- 1'::10

.....·_1'.. UII Ill' • .., _.. ..~ .-" ~., 1'.S 11.1Z .= 1'::10

" ..I<le ...h. _m • UZ.S S".l .Iii" .-"

_.. ".. H" .,. IJ:=: '" ..I" 1<011.. PI Hot • 1Il.Z ZI1.' Z.I~S .llll

" ~.. It.l '" .,. IJ:=: 6QJ:·il.tlto .doht LW lilt • IM.l ••• '.M .11D

"_..

l1.. u." .nll ll.:."

" 41'.l ,.. 033.1 .,. 1Z~ 1t"e..lcu<l,I.t W 1IZ1 • 11.6 '''.1 I.IJ1 .Ilta

'" J.tl.8 .., lll.S .a, ZI!. 1

" 6O·.Z ,.. I'" ••• 14!. 1tllc..ltot<llht WllU • I01.J ,.... 1.SJ\ .lln

" "'.1 11.1 lSZ.6 .1'~ 16.:. S

UII 11" • '" Zl.l IS." .". "lUll 116 • In.1 ".. .." .'m• ." .nlS

_11. • nl.l ••• 14.1S .~1I

• 1f.l~ .H"_IUt • Ill. I n .• It. ,. .71"

.... lite~ .... -- • 110.' •• .." .,. .114J:=:ZJ l"'::Z1

• .." .,._ 11~

• 1•. ' "., lD.ll' .-_'11 • lil.' ".. 11.111 .-• It.1lI •••.". • IIl.6 "., lI.1t .'m• 16." .111

R.\DIOMETRIC GEOCl-lRONOLOGY IN THE EASTERN ALPS 221

TABLE 5 (continued)Rb/Sr

Rock ,,"po S..... I••• Kot.ed&1 ••• "- SlrJltll6:i, (81s"ll6:ir l. (31S,t86S,lt ••• R".

8,0.ltl< _1<. ..... 1119 • ". tI. 1 15.~ .7656 lU.!.21.. ~., , 51U .9JIl 2J!- 1.1

" S13.8 ,, ,," .9154 ll.!. ..Gro.itl< II"tl" I:AW 816 • 111.1 "' .." .m9 2".!.21

• .." .1J1S.. s2o.' lD.6 13.600 .1811 SIi.!.ll,,"nltl< 1I"t1.. ..... 818 • 151.1 31.S 1~.15 .1611 2~~=.11

• 1~.IS .1618.. 681.6 .., 531 .• . \I(l71 20=.1.1

" 9(11. 7 •• ~91. 5 .81~1 I!- UGro.ltl'II".I" ..... 1118 • 171.1 15,3 19.1' .1~1~ lU.!.21.. 103.8 '.' 615 .• I.Dl1 3D:!. 1.6

" 355. ~ •• 116.1 .&J19 11=. ~.~Gro.I,I, 11"01..

~'" • 110.6 •• 6.59 ..m lU.!.11

G,,,ltl, _h.~." • 8.\9 .,~ ".. 6S9.6 .., 13~.0 .~138 1~=. 3

" = .• ,., '161.1 .1'01S lZ=. 1SrI"ltl' 1I"t1.. ..... 1116 • 138.• "., 10.00< ,~ 2"=.11.. _. ,.. 11S.9 .SlSJ IS.!. 3

" "" u _., .SI6~ 11=. IGco.ltl'II".I .. W 811 • 163.9 1~ .• 19.7 .1661 1..=.11

• 19.7 .ISt5.. nS.9 ,. 600'.2 .~'l 18=. 1.4

" 1109.1 ,. Ul.~ .~1~ ~=. l.9

" 1151.3 ~I'. I .SIll •• 131. I •• 1l.16 .1641 .19=.10

• 1/. I 9.9l ''" "" 11. 8 12.9 '.9' .1~IO 21.!.~1

• ~51. ~ IJ.~ It. 61 .186l .6.!.~1

• II. 1 18.1 1. os .n.. Sll.!.~1

S",I'I, 9,,*10. ~ •. • m.6 "., 1•. 7S .n~ lU.!.2J

• 10. J8 .ms.. 71~ .• ., ~, ,.- 39.!. 1

"_.

21_ 1 111.9 .1'81 -\S.!. Ir.,..'lto ~"' • \02. J 115.6 ,.> .IIS9

• 1612.• ••• 115.1 'm 21J.!. •

[ 1o...... Window .. 71~ .• " 15C.l .l'On ",.n, • '" " 12.88 .1&<6

\"n, "" n, " 12.1\ .1.~1 . roS8.!.5C 31!i.!.:33n, • '" " 11.10 . 1612

n, "" ... " 11.l~ .1519

::'-"Itl, _I.... n , • N. .. 1.65 ' Jt(ll "n, • '" " 8,63 .1.56 '" ,-n. • '" .. 10.'7 ,1581n, • '" .. 10.'7 ,751~

}n' • '" " I .6~ .708n. • '" '" .." .7128 .1186.!.15 '"

,,,s-w hut... Window • ". ,. ~.51 .13lSGro.ltl, u.tho9n.l .. ." "" '" .. 2.Dl .1116.!.1~ 16.S.=- , ..

" - ••• 462.34 .81/5=.21Gro.ltl< u,toq... l" ., , • ,. m 1.11 .1\11. ~ 1•• S.=- I

" '" ,. 231l.Dfi .1591.!.1'

Gro.HI< .rt~lI"tl.. .,. • ,. ". 1. IS .1\!a. ~ 10.l.!. ," '" "

1l19.D/ .915l.!.11

Gr""HI< ."Mgntl"., , • " m ,.

.1108+ ~ 16.9.!. ,"

,. ,, SSl.2O .8-IlI.!.11

Cr'""I, o.thognol .. ." • '" '" 1.11 .1191.!. ~ " , .." ." , 951. 95 .921~9

1.... 'ltl' o"lv>9Ml.. ." • '" '" 1.35 .11lt.!.~ 18.l.!. •" '"

,.. ID1J.!l/i •!IS )1'

222 F.P. SASSI, G. CAVAZZINl, D. VISO:"A. A. DEL MORO

TABLE j «ontl1fud)Rb/Sr

....k .". ~'c". "" .....'.1 *- "- II...,Ms, (IIS'/Msrl. (1ISr/Ms')1 ~. .,.

".11.._'.. ~, 10 • .. ~ ,.. .'1l':~ 1I.1!. r.o

" "' ... -" .1)10!.S6

tolucllln Wl-" • • ,. .. ._'~ " :. '.1$_;: , ........ 10'1- " ~ 11. S 111.1l .ml!.

....od .....1.. lIS lStll • '" " .. .~. '" •• .." "' ••• • ./l9la \/.': .,'.1 • " '" " . Illl)/............,.. .- • "' ".. 11." ./li/!. '" "" "' rl.' ".. .mm .. , .,rcld • "' .. .-

l'ABLE REFERENCES

1 - BAU1Ul et al., 19782 - BEs",sc et al., 19683 BoRSI '" FUlIAu, 19674 - BaRSI et aI., 1966, . BaRSI ~t aI., 19686 - BaRSI et aI., 1%97 . BoUt et aI., 19728 . BoUt et aI., 197J9 . BoUt et al., 1974

10 . BoUt et al., 1978.11 . BoUt et aI., 1978 b12 . BoRSt Cl aI., 1979\j BaRSt Ct al.. 1980a14 - BoUt el aI., 1980b1:5 . c...VAZZtNt. 198316 . CLIFF, 197117 . CUFF. 197718 . CUFF. 1981

19 _ CLIFF'" CoMES. 198020 • CLIFF'" OnURGH, 197121 . CLIFF'" REX, 197622 - D'AM1CO et al., 198023 DEL MORO '" V1SON~, 19822~ _ DEL MORO et aI., 19802' _ DEL MORO et al., 198226 . DEL MOlo et aI., 198427 - FuulA et .1., 1962

28 . HAMMUSQ-t.....1DT. 198129 . H"'IIlIE et al., 196830 . }AGU '" METZ, 197131 . }&Gu ~t aI., 1%932 - MILLER et aI., 196733 _ S!r.Ttl, 1975)4 • ScH.'-ttDT et al., 196735 . THONI. 198)

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RADIOMETRIC GEOCHRONOLQGY IN THE EASTERN ALPS 223

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