Radulescu & Samson, 1990 -The Plio-Pleistocene Mammalian Succession of the Oltet Valley Dacic Basin Romania

7/24/2019 Radulescu & Samson, 1990 -The Plio-Pleistocene Mammalian Succession of the Oltet Valley Dacic Basin Romania

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Quartiirpaliiontologie. Berlin 8 (1990), 225---232

The Plio Pleistocene Mammalian Succession the DUet ValleyDacic Basin Romania

By COSTIN RADULESCO, Bucharest; PETRE SAMSON, Bucharest

Wi th o ne F ig ur e an d o ne P la te

I.2.2.1.2.1.1.2 2

2 3

2.2.1.2.2.2.3.3.1.3.23.3.4

4.1.4.2.4.3.5

5.1.5.2.5.3.6

Contents

Abstractum.IntroductionStratigraphyTetoiu area .L ow er f au na l h or i zo n T-l .Middle faunal horizon (T-2)Upper fauna l horizon (T-3) .I r i m e ~ t iarea . .Middle fauna l horizon (T-2)Upper fauna l horizon (T-3) .Palaeontology.Lower fauna l horizon T-I .Middle faunal horizon (T-2)Upper faunal horizon (T-3) .Th e palaeoclimatic aspectsLower fauna l horizon T- l .Middle fauna l horizon (T-2)U p pe r f au n al h o ri zo n (T-3) .CorrelationsL o we r f au na l h or iz on T-I .Middle fauna horizon (T-2)Upper fauna l horizon (T-3)ConclusionsSummary.

R ef er en ce s .

Abstractum

225225225227227227 7

228228228 8

228 8

228 8

228229229229229229230230230231

Th e systematic investigations carried ou t since 1960 NECRASOV,SAMSON an d RADuLEsco 1961; SAMSON an d RADULESCO 1963,1965) on the f1uviolacustrine deposits of t he D ac ic Basin, basedon both fossiliferous a cc u mu la ti on s a n d i sola ted spec imens ofknown s t ra t igraph ical contex t, allow th e recognition of severalphases in th e evolution of th e Plio-P1eistocene mammalian faunas

ofRomania

SAMSONan d

RADULESCO 1973; FERU. RADULESCOan d SAMSON 1983).Subsequent studies undertaken in t he S la ti na a re a. O lt et valley

approximately 50 km south-east of Tetoiu , based o n faunalsuperpos i t ion associa ted mammals an d molluscs). provided abiostratigraphic framework (FERU, RADULESCO an d SAMSON 1978,1979) that has been s tr en gt h en ed b y p al ae om a gn et i c d et e rm inations ANDREESCO, RADULESCO, SAMSON, CEPALYGA an d TROU-BIKH1NE 1981).

Tak in g t he Neogene/Quaternary boundary as lying within th eOlduvai event, th e beginning of th e mammalian sequence in th em id dl e O lt et valley w as c on si dere d co in ci den t w it h t he l ow erboundary of t he P le is to ce ne SAMSON an d RADULESCO 1973;ANDREESCO et a l. 1 98 1; FERU e t al. 1983).

Th e Plio-Pleistocene b o u nd a ry p r op o se d in th e Yrica section southern Italy falls above th e Olduvai n orm al sub chro n at

approximately 1.6 m.y. TAUXE, OPDYKE, PAS1Nl an d ELMl 1983).According to this age th e lower p ar t o f the fauna I succession atTet o iu , w hi ch w as correlated w i th t he O l du va i subchron by FERUe t al. (1983), belongs to th e Upper Pliocene rather than to thePleistocene, as ha d been assumed previously.

Th e Plio-Pleistocene mammalian succession in t he O lt et valley(Dacic Basin, Romania is presented, a nd an a tte mp t is m ade tocorrelate the local f au na l h ori zo ns w it h the most importantmammal localities of Europe.

In de r vorliegenden Arbeit wird die plio-pleistoziine Siiugetierfolge im O l te \ -Ta l D ak is ch es Becken, Rumiinien dargestellt.

un d es wird versuch t , die lokalen Faunenhorizonte m it d en wichtigsten Siiugetierfundstellen Europas zu korrelieren.

ITpeLlCTaBneHa llOcneLlOBaTenbHOCTb nJllIO-l1.ijeiicTOueHoBblx4layH MneKOl1l1TafOWIlX B l O ~ ~ I I eOnTeu UlaKlliicKllii 6acceiiH,PYMbIHIIJI). )..l,enaeTCJl 11011blTKa K O p p e ~ , J l U I I I IMeCTHblX 4laYHllcTfI 1eCKllX ropfl30HTOB c Hall60nee BalKHblMfI MeCTOHaXOlKJleHIIJlMIIM.ijeKOl1I1TalOWIlX B EBpone.

Introduction

Th e Dacic Basin represen ts a large sedimentation a rea surrounded by th e southern Carpathians, the Balkans an d the Danube.T h e m a mm a li a n sequence discussed in this paper occurs in thewestern part of the Dacic Basin, about 50 k m n or th of Craiova.

It is located in the middle Olte\ val ley (a tributary of thc RiverOlt at Tetoiu B u g i u l e ~ t ian d Irime ti.

5 QlIartarpalaontologie Bd. 8

2. Stratigraphy

Between Tetoiu in th e n or th a nd I r i m e ~ t iin the south,

a distance of about 9 km , a f luvio- lacus t rine sequence , whichattains a thickness o f over lOO m, yie lded severa l mammalian

f a un a s f r om a sequence o f sediments.

T hi s s eq u en c e i nc lu de s several cycles of depos i t ion . Eachcycle begins with a n e ro si on al level containing gravels or

p e bb l es , o v er l ai n by cross-bedded sands. T he mater ia l be

c o m es p r og r es s iv e ly finer consisting o f sands. horizontally

bedded o r uni form in character, followed by silty sands.

A silty clay o r clay level marks th e close o f each cycle.

These depositional c y cl es s e e m to be d e te r mi ne d n o t only

by subsidence bu t also by c l imatic osc i lla t ions (NECRASOV

et aL 1961; RADULESCO an d SAMSON 1962 .

Th e fossil iferous sites a re located on th e slopes of several

hills e x te n di n g f ro m nor th to south . T he most impor tant

hills a re D ea lu l Viilor, Dealul T e t e ~ u l u i Te t oi u a re a an d

D e a l ul O m o r i ce a I r i m e ~ t iarea .

A t Tet oi u. t he w es te rn flank o f Dealul Viilor is dissected

by torrential valleys oriented east-west. These valleys separate


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226 C. RAfWLEs( (l et aJ. Mammalian Succcssi0n of t he O lt el Valley Quartiirpaliiontol0gie 8 1990)

1. U p p er h o ri z o n (T-31. fossllJ crous sites:DV - J)ealul Vilar : c; - Gargonic: DSDealul $asci: VO Vaka Omorke


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Quartiirpaliiontologie 8 (1990)

a ser ies of lower hills fr om n or th t o s ou th : Dealul Tetoiu .Dealul Ripei. Dealul Mijlociu and Dea lul Rug inosu.

At J r i m e ~ t i ,th e hills ar e i nt er sect ed by valleys orientedno rth-south.

In the area under considaat ion, th e mammal-bearingdeposits have been studied in detail and th ree fauna divisionswere identilied (SAMSON an d RADULESCO 1963, 1965, 1973;FERU et a1. 1983). A great number of artificial excavationsan d natural profiles allowed the rela t ionship of the fossilifermIs sites within the stratigraphic sequence of the area to beestablished (a synthetic lithostratigraphic column is presentedin F ig . I) .

At the b ase the d ep osits ar e represented by clays (withviviparids an d fish remains an d silty clays. seen to 11 metres,apparent ly without mammalian fossils.

Th e overlying beds, approximatdy 20 m thick, comistpredominantly of silty s an ds a nd sands. levels with gravel a nd la rger pebbles were also observed. These beds ar e richi n m a mm a li an r em ai ns L ow er faunal hori zon . code T-I .

This fossiliferous zone is overlain by a s eq ue nc e, 4 0 mt hi ck , con si st in g predominantly of s


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228 C. RADULESCO et al./Mammalian Succession of the Oltet Valley

of Fintina Alor t i te i . The following mammals were identified:} ,famllluthus maidionalis ssp. a molar f ragment indicat inga n a dv an ce d f or m was found 5 m below t he t op o f t he upperhorizon , Soergclia cf. elisabethac SCHAUB an d Bison cf.schoetensacki FREUDENBERG (SAMSO: an d RADULESCO 19631965; RADULESCO and SAMSON 1965; SAMSO 1976).

O th er m am ma ls were c ol le ct ed in equival en t deposi ts cross-bedded s an ds a nd gravels) at the following localities

from th e north to the south :Gorgonie Allohippus cf. slIesscnnornellsis (WeST) SAMSOO:

1976).DeaJul Sasei - Trogolltherium boisvillelli (LAl GEL), represented by

a skull.Valea Omorlcca- ammllthus ml l idionulis ssp. advanced form).Va1ea Ripei Pracalees cf. CUl7JlIfClrum (LAl:GEL).Valea Caselor - Eqllus ulutieus RADl:LESCO et SAMSOO: (SAMSn i

1976).Valea T e t e ~ u l u i_.- Equlls alutieus RADl:LESCn et SAMSOl (SAMSON

1976).

2.2. I r i m e ~ t iarea

2.2.1. Middle faunal horizon T-2)

F in t ina Iu i M it i lan Th e site is located on the westernslope of Dealul O mo nc ea . T he deposi ts consist of a basal

succession of clays an d sands. 8 m thick. which under lies asequence. 6 m th ick , consist ing predominantly of s ands withgravel lenses.

T he m ai n fossiliferous bed lower fauna level), 1.4-1.5 mthick, is located I m above the to p of the basal succession. t is represented at th e base by al ternat ing coarse s an ds a ndgravel lenses showingcross-bedding, surmounted by fine sandswith sm all gravel lenses an d portions of cemented siltysediment. This level yielded numerous remains o f Mammuthllsmcridionalis (NESTI) typical form - an almost completeskeleton with M; , parts of a skele ton including th e skull

with M ~ ,vertebral column an d fore limbs, three lower jawss ho wi ng t he milk d en ti ti on D 2 ..) at different s tages ofwear, limb bones of young specimens an d isolated teeth an d

bones. These were associ at ed with EIIc/adoceros sp., A110-caenclaphus sp. a pr imitive form , Castor plicidcns.

A second fossiliferous be d uppe r f auna l level) consistingof s ands a nd g ra ve ls , 0.5 m thick. s i tuated approximately0 .7-1 .0 m above t he m ai n faunallevel, yielded th e followingmammals: Mammuthus mcridionalls NESTl), Diccrorhinusclruscus (FALCONER), Allohippus gr. major Bouul . Allohippusstenonis mitilancnsis SAMSON a medium-sized form withslender limbs), Sus stro::.zii MAJOR, Miti/anotherium incx-spectatum SA:-ISO -l et RADULESCO. Eucladoccros sp .. A1/0-

caenclaphus sp., Cervus ncsti i MAJOR. 1\1egalovis lari(ronsSCHAUB, Leptobos sp., Ga:: ella sp Castor plicidens MAJOR.Trogontherium boisvillelli (LAUGEL) normal size) (NECRASOVet al. 1961; RADULESCO and SAMSON 1962; SAMSON andRADULESCO 1963, 1965, 1973; SA.\1S0N 1976; FERU et a .1983).

At the top of the sandy sequence. 2 m above the upperfaunal level, frost structures ice wedges. involution pocketswere recorded.

2.2.2. Upper faunal horizon T-3)

The uppe rmos t deposi ts . consis ting of sands and gravelsaccumulated under fluviatile an d torrential conditions, yielded

isolated mammalian remains.P a r a s i ~ t e- Allohippus cf. m n v. RElCHENAU) (SA:-ISON 1976).

Quartiirpalaontologie 8 1990)

3. Palaeontology

3.1. Lower faunal horizon T 1 )

Th e three fossilifcrous sites Valea R o ~ c i \ i ,La P i e t r i ~an dVa1ea Graunceanului are characterized by th e presence of

a medium-sized form of Trogollthcrium T daeicum). Theelephant remains may be a tt ri bu te d t o Mammllthlls meri-

diollalis N E ~ T I .Mastodons a re absent .Th e sites o f La P i e t r i ~an d Valea Graunceanului have in

common at least seven mammals: Mall1mllthus meridionalis NESTI), A//ohippus atlwllllsiui SA\IS0N, Eucladoecros sp., Plio-tragus ardcus (DEPERET). Nntereutcs megamastoidcs (POMEL), y nx issiodorensis (CROIZET et JOBERT) an d Trogontheriumdaeicum RADULESCU. Th e o ld er f au na f ro m La P i e t r i ~seemst o b e characterized by dominant equids. while in th e succeedingfauna from Valea Graunceanului cervid forms a re dominan t

(BoLOMEY 1 96 5a) . It is interesting to note tha t large bovidsof the Leptobos type ar e absent a t b ot h sites.

Th e site of Valea Graunceanului yie lded a various faunaincluding new forms among w hi ch t he most interesting o r

unexpected ar e a primate (Paradoliehopithccusl. a g ir af fi d(Mitilanotherium) an d a pangolin (Hallis) It is worth remembering that many ske le ta l e lements. espec ia lly limbbones, of equids an d cervids were found still articulated.

3.2. Middle fauna) horizon T -2)

T he e le ph an t is represented by Mammlll/llIs meridionalis(NESTI) typical f or m ; t he Eucladoeeros stock persistent:th e giraffid identified from the lower horizon is sti ll presentat Fintina lui M it il an a nd the genus Tro{U l1therilllll is represented by a form of normal size T hoisri//elli).

The different localities belonging to the Midd le hor izon

yie lded several mammalian forms reco rding the ir earliestappearance in the Dacic Basin: AIlohippus slmonis mitilancnsisSAMSON, Praealccs gallic/ls AZZAROUl. Allocamc/aphus (aprimitive form of megacerine type), J o fega/oris lati(ronsSCHAUB. Hyaena hrC\ irosTris AYMARD. an d Canis etruseusMAJOR.

3.3. Upper fauna) horizon T-3)

Th e elephant is r ep re se nt ed b y an a dv an ce d f or m of

Mammuthus meridionalis NESTI): the elk (Prucalecs cf. camu-torum) is very probably a descendant of P ga/lieus (HE/: TZet POPLtN 1981) an d Trogontherium hoisrilletti (LACGEL).

already recorded from Middle faunal horizon. is also present.The mammali an fauna as a whole is characterized by the

appearance of new types of a ni ma ls n ot f ou nd in t he Midd lehorizon: Al/ohippus cL suesscltbomcnsis WOST), Equusalutims RADCLESCO et S A M S ~ .Soergelia cf. eli.whethaeSCHAUB an d Bisolt cf. schoetensack i FREUDESBERG.

4. The palaeoclimatic aspects

4.1. Lower fauna) horizon T -I

Th e mammalian fauna at La P i e t r i ~ .which is dominated

by equids. seems t o poi nt to a more con t inent a l influence drier a nd c oo le r conditions . The next f auna , known from


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Quartarpalaontologie 8 1990) C. RADULESCO et al.; Mammalian SuccessIOn of the Olte\ Valley 229

Valea Graunceanului, contains numerous cervids associatedwith, among other forms, primates, giraf1ids and ysrrixand is indicative of a warmer climate.

The fauna a t b ot h sites very probably represents a climaticsequence which might be equivalent to part of the Tiglian,t he Valea Graunceanului locality corresponding to TiglianCS and La i e t r i ~to a preceding cooler oscillation.

4 2 Middle faunal horizon T 2

The deposition of the Middle faunal horizon seems to correspond to a general coo ling of the cl ima te. Many warmindicators disappear; the giraf1id M irilanotherium is stillpresent at Fintina lui Mitilan although very poorly documented SAMSOI\; an d RADULESCO 1966). The presence of AllohipPU5\ r{ l/onis mirilanensis SAMSON, Praealces gallicus AZZAROLl),: vfegalol is larijrons SCHAUB and Canis erruscus MAJOR veryprobably ref lects a climatic deter iora tion. Drier condi tionsin the Dacic Basin are als o i nd ic at ed by the presence ofParacam elll alurensis STEFANESCU) in the equ ival en t f auna

at Milcovu-2 Milcovu d in vale/Olt, layers 26-29). alocal ity s it ua ted in the Olt et valley S la ti na a rea) app roximately 50 km south-east of Tetoiu FERU et al. 1979. 983 .

Frost structures seen at Fintina lui Mitilan in the sedimentsabove the upper f aunal level ind icat e a severe c lima ti c deterioration.

The marked lowering of the temperature occurring towardthe top of Middle horizon is followed by a warmer periodrecorded by mol luscs including Bogatschel ia sruri HoRN.).The latter is associated with micromammals at Izvoru-2 inthe S la ti na area first appearance of Citellus primigeniusKORMOS. },1imomys pirymyoides JANOSSY et VAN DER MEULENand KislanKia rex KORMOS) i n the Daci c Basin an d absence

of arhizodont forms of AI/oplzaiomys an d Lagurodon type) FERU et al. 1978, 1983).

4 3 Upper faunal horizon (T -3)

The mammalian assemblage contains forms [Praealces cf. trlllItorum LAUGEL). Soergelia] very probably indicatingcc)oler conditions with increase in continentality presence ofthree equid forms including Equus aluticus).

5 Correlations

5 Lower faunal horizon T-I )

The presence of Trogontherium ducicllm RADULESCU in[he Lower faunal horizon suggests a correlation with Slatina-3.[he [ ~ p e h a l i t yfor the species. Layer 37 Slatina-3) of the ~ p esedion at Slat ina is s itua ted within the Olduvai normal,ubchwn ANDREESCO et al. 1981). Therefore. the fauna; rc,m the Lower horizon at Tet oi u m ay fall within theOl dl l\ ai su bc hr on a nd p ro ba bl y somewhat prior to this: ll11e inte ~ i l

In [he bi stratigraphic scheme of the Dacic Basin the Lower: auna] hor izon T -I ) f rom Teto iu is later than Slatina-2 andrr, adh eLjui\alent to Sla tina-3 RADULESCU and SAMSON ~

T ~ eIc \\ er horizon fauna seems to be equivalent to the upper: : c ~ : I [he Khapro\ faunal co mp lex in the Soviet Union

Ferladany, the ninth terrace of the Dniester. Moldavian SSR) NIKlFOROVA 1977).

Th e Lower faunal hor izon may corre la te with the upperpart of Zone 17 Saint -Vall ier Zone) . The faunas at La i e t r i ~and Valea Graunceanului seem to postdate those fromSaint-Vallier and Chilhac, France. where Anancus arvernensis CR01ZET et JOBERT) is sti ll present BOEUF 1984).

The faunal sequence from the Lower horizon is. very probably, equivalent to part of the Tiglian warm stage ValeaGraunceanului corresponding perhaps to Tiglian S of theNetherlands ZAGWIJN 1979).

The presence of a giraf1id (MirilaIlOllzerium) at ValeaGraunceanului SAMSON and RADULESCO 1966) indicatescorrelation with the fauna from Wolaks, Macedonia. Greece,which includes a related (or identical) giraf1id form (Mace-donirherium) SICKENBERG 1967).

The presence of a pango lin Manis sp.) at Valea Graunceanului might suggest a correlation with Vil1


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230 C. RADULESCO et al. Mammalian Succession of the Olte\ Valley

equid with s lender limbs ( together with a l ar ge equid form)occurs GROMOVA 1949: SAMSON 1976).

The presence of Pramlees gallieus AZZAROLl) an d Afegalo-\ is in t he M id dl e f au na l h or iz on suggests a correlation withZone 18 ISeneze zone) which includes similar taxa MEO:--:.BALLESIO, GUERIN an d MEIN 1980).

The occurrence of Hyaena breviroslris An1ARD an d Caniselruseus MAJOR in the Middle horizon fauna may olTer another

means of correla t ion. In Italy, both species are known fromthe Olivola an d Tasso fauna l units AZZAROLl 1983). As awhole, t he f au na of the Middle horizon. including PraeulcesgalliC1ls AZZAROLl) an d Megaloris, is later than Olivolawhere Anancus arvemensis is still present. In a broad sense.t he fauna of t he Middle horizon in the Olte\ valley might bere la ted to the Tasso faunal unit.

5 pper fauna horizon (1'-3)

The mammali an forms collected at various levels in th ish or iz on a re p ro ba bl y no t strictly contempora ry. Some elements ar e descendants of older forms occurring in the Middlefaunal horizon. Th e elephant Mummlllhus meridionalis ssp.

shows more progressive dental features an d th e elk (P ram/ascf. eamuforum) is larger. Trogonlherium boisvilleui LAUGEL)is also present.

A faunal turnover is indicated by the appearance of suchnew forms as Allohippus cf. suessenborl1l:llsis (WeST).Equus alufieus RADULESCO et SAMSO:--:, Soergelia and Bison.

Th e equid forms of the Upper horizon point to a relationshipwith the Rotbav-Si lvestru fauna r a ~ o vDepression) where Allohippus suessenbomellsis an d Eqlllls alulicus RADULESCO

et SAMSON were also identified SAMSON 1976). However. theelephant of the Upper faunal horizon in th e Oltet valley ismore advanced in comparison with lvfammlilhus meridionalis(NEsn) from Rotbav-Silvestru RADULESCO.SA:- ISON, MIHAILA.

an d KovAcs 1965). This fact suggests that the latter site is theolder.

The chronological significance o f Soergelia an d Bison isno t yet clear, bu t the presence o f these f orms might i nd icat ethat the Upper hori zon fauna is near the Cromerian s.1.)faunas of Europe.

n a wide sense, t he fauna of the Upper horizon in the Olte tvalley is equivalent to part o f th e Tamanian faunal complexof the Soviet U ni on , c or re sp on di ng r ou gh ly t o the eighth(upper part ) an d seventh terraces of th e Dniester.

n terms of north European stratigraphy, the Upper faunalhorizon seems t o co rr e spond to La te Waalian-Early Menapiantimes. It might also be equiva len t to the lower part o f Zone 20

MEo) .; et a1. 1980) an d 'transition faunas BONIFAY 1980)in western Europe.

6 Conclusions

The fossili ferous localities of t he L ow er fauna I horizon(1' -I) date from the end of Pliocene times. Th e sites of LaP i e t r i ~an d Valea Graunceanului seem to represent a climaticshift from cooler t o w ar me r condi tions . The Valea Graunceanului site might be c or re la te d w it h t he L at e Tig li an (CS)in the Netherlands.

The upper part of Lower faunal horizon in the Tetoiu area(Dealul Mijlociu) yielded artefacts made from pebbles. Fo r

fIrSt time in Romania stone implements o f this type have beenfound in a known stra t igraphic context.

Quartiirpalaontologie (1990)

Th e sites of t he Middle fauna I horizon (1'-2) are consideredt o d at e from the beginning of Ple is tocene t imes . As a whole .the mammalian fauna of the Middle horizon can be correla ted

with the Eburonian cold s tage (Netherlands) , Scneze Zone(Francc) and Domashkinian horizon/Odcssan faunal complex(Soviet Union).

The Pliocene/Pleistocene boundary is p laced hetween theLower faunal horizon (the en d of the Pliocene) an d the Middle

faunal horizon (the beginning o f th e Pleistocene).The Upper faunal horizon (1'-3) is a lso bel ieved to be

Lower Pleistocene in age. Th e mammalian assemblage ca n becorrelated with part of the Tamanian faunal complex of theSoviet Union. A possihle correlation with the Late WaalianEarly Menapian in the Netherlands is also suggested.

umm ry

The Plio-Pleistocene sequence in the Olter valley (Dacic Basin.Romania), between the localities of Tetoiu B u g i u l e ~ t iandl r i m e ~ t i .is represented by three mammal-bearing horizons, asfollows:

The Lower faunal horizon (code T-l) corresponds to th e end o fthe Pliocene (upper part of Saint-Vallier zone, MN 17. upper part

of the Khaprov faunal complex). The richest fossil iferous sites(Tetoiu area) of La P i e t r i ~(dominance of equids) and Valea Griiunceanului (Paradolich0l irheeus. Mililanorherium. HI srix, Tl Ogon-rlleriulll daeieum. Manis. dominance of cervids) seem to representa climatic shift from cooler to warmer (equivalent of the TiglianC4 -C5). In the upper part of this horizon (Dealul Mijlociu,Tetoiu area) implements made of pebbles were found.

The Middle faunal horizon (code T-2) is considered to indicatethe beginning of the Pleistocene (Seneze zone, MNQ 18. Eburonian,Odessa faunal complex). This horizon, including the sites of FintinaAlorti\ei (Tetoiu area) and Fintina lui Mitilan (Irimqti area), ischaracterized hy the presence, among other forms, of Mammulhusmeridionalis (typical form), AI/ohippus srenonis mirilanensis. Praeal-Cl S gallieus, A1egalovis, Canis elruscus and Trogonlherium hoisvil-lelli.

The Upper faunal horizon (code T-3) seems to correspond to thesecond part of the Lower Pleistocene (MNQ \9/20, Lale Waalian;Early Menapian, part of the Taman faunal complex). The fauna isdistinguished by the presence of a progressive Mammurhus meridio-nalis form, Praealees cl . carnurorum. Soergelia and Bison.

Zusammenfassung

Die Plio-Pleistozan-Folge im Olter-Tal (Dakisches Becken, Rumiinien). zwischen den Fundgebieten Tetoiu B u g i u l e ~ t iundI r i m e ~ t i ,besteht aus drei fossile Siiugetiere fiihrenden Horizonten,die wie folgt zu charakterisieren sind:

Der unterc Faunenhorizont (Code T-I) entspricht geochronologisch dem Ende des Plioziins (oberer Abschnitt der Saint-VallierZone, MN 17, oberer Abschnitt des Khaprov-Faunenkomplexes).D\t fossilreichsten Fundstellen (Tetoiu-Gebiet) La P i e t r i ~(mitEquiden-Dominanz) und Valea Graunceanului (Paradolichopilhc-

eus, Mirilanorherium. Hysrrix, Trogonrherium daeicum, Man is,mit Cerviden-Dominanz) schcinen einem klimatischen Wechse\ vonkiihleren zu wiirmeren Verhaltnissen zu entsprechen (Aquivalentdes Tiglium C4 --C5). In den oberen Partien dieses Horizonts(Dealul Mijlociu. Tetoiu-Gebiet) wurden Artefakte gefunden, dieaus Geriillen hergestellt wurden (pebble-tools).

Der mit tlere Faunenhor izont (Code T-2) entsprich t nach derhier vertretenen Auffassung dem Beginn des Pleistozans (SenezeZone. MNQ 18. Eburonium. Odessa-Faunenkomplex). Dieser Horizont, dem die Fundstellen Fintina Alortirei (Tetoiu-Ciebiet) undFintina lui Mitilan l r i m e ~ t i - G e b i e tzuzurechnen sind. wird durchdie Anwesenheit - unter anderen Formen - von Jfammurhusmeridionalis (Typus-Form), AI/ohippus srenonis mirilancllsis, Praeal- es gal/ieus. Megalovis, Callis elrl/seus und Trogonrherium hoisvil-lelli charakterisiert.

Der oberc Faunenhorizont (Code T-3) scheint dem zweiten Teil

des unteren Pleistozans zu entsprechen (MN 19/20, spates Waalium friihes Menapium, Teil des Taman-Faunenkomplexes). Diese


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Quaniirpaliiontologie 8 ( 1990) C RAOlll.ESCO ~ t at . Mammalian Succession of the Olte\ Valley 23

Fauna ist durch da s Vorkammen eines progressiven Mamml/lhl/Smerid;onalis. durch Praea ces cf. caml/fUrum. Soergelia un d Bisongekennzeichnet.

Pe3lOMe

nmlO-nJleiiCTOueHoBbIH pa1pe3 .QO.nIlHbl O.neu UlaKHlicKlliioacceiiH. PYMbIHlIll) Ha y'laCTKe Me)l(ilY Terml 1= nY.Q)I(Y:leWTIl)H HplIMelU fH npe.QCTaB.,eH TpeMll KOCTeHoCHblMII ropH30HTaMIL

HHlKHHlt tjJayHIICTlI'leCKHlt ropll30HT (KO;l T-I1 COOTBeTCTByeTKOHUY nmlOueHa (BepXHlIlI 'laCTb 30HbI C e H - B a . ~ b eMN 17, BepxHllll'laCTb 30Hbl xanpOBcKoro tjJayHHcTII'Iecl


8/8

232 C. R\[ ULESCO et al. Mammalian Succession of the Oltq ValleyPLA TE I Quartiirpaliiontologie 8 1990

o mml

Two implements made on f lint pebbles with a lt erna te ly f laked edge, Lower hor izon T-I , Dea lu l Mij lociu. Nat size

Documents

Radulescu & Samson, 1990 -The Plio-Pleistocene Mammalian Succession of the Oltet Valley Dacic Basin Romania