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8/3/2019 Ranjeet MJ Assign
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PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
ASSIGNMENT
GOOD GOVERNANCE
AND
JUDICIARY
Submitted By:
Ranjeet Mathew Jacob
B.A. LL.B. IIIrd Yr
Division C
Roll No. 038
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GOOD GOVERNANCE AND JUDICIARY
Introduction
Traditionally, the word administration is in vogue, referring to “management of a business or
public affairs or government.” It is the action part of the government, the means by which the
purposes and goal s of government are realized. By mid 1970s, its shine started wearing off in
favour to a companion-term ‘management ’, meaning professional administration of business
concerns, public undertakings etc. often, simultaneously, referring to the people engaged in the
process of planning, organizing, deciding—the board of directors, the governing body. With
management being in the front, administration was reduced to mere terminology and took a
backseat.
But by late 1980s and early 1990s, ‘management ’ also lost its pristine glory to a new avatar
called ‘ governance’. The Miriam Webster Dictionary defines governance as a method or system
of government or management. The term ‘governance’ is thus a qualitative expression, a
normative concept and is different from government. Governance is a qualitative concept
whereas government is a physical entity. The difference between the two can be conveyed more
sharply by the observation that “India should have less of government but more of governance.”
Good Governance
Good governance connotes certain value-assumptions whereas governance as a process denotes
value-free dispensation. Good governance is associated with efficient and effective
administration in a democratic framework. Good governance is a function of installation of
positive virtues of administration and elimination of vices of dysfunctionalities. Good
governance signifies the way an administration improves the standard of living of the membersof its society by creating and making available the basic amenities of life; providing its people
security and the opportunity to better their lot; instill hope in their heart for a promising future;
providing, on an equal & equitable basis, access to opportunities for personal growth; affording
participation and capacity to influence, in the decision-making in public affairs; sustaining a
responsive judicial system which dispenses justice on merits in a fair, unbiased and meaningful
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manner; and maintaining accountability and honesty in each wing or functionary of the
Government. In short it must have the attributes of an effective, credible and legitimate
administrative system—citizen-friendly, value caring and people sharing.
As per the United Nation’s Commission on Human Rights, the key attributes of good governance
include transparency, responsibility, accountability, participation and responsiveness to the needs
of the people. UN Economic & Social Commission for Asia & the Pacific also identified similar
attributes. It holds that “Good Governance has 8 major characteristics. It is participatory,
consensus oriented, accountable, transparent, responsive, effective and efficient, equitable and
inclusive and follows the rule of law. It assures that corruption is minimized, the view of
minorities are taken into account and that the voices of the most vulnerable in society are heard
in decision-making. It is also responsive to the present and future needs of society.” So the key
attributes of good governance in an institution are as follows:-
1. Participation
2. Rule of law
3. Transparency
4. Responsiveness
5. Consensus Orientation
6. Equity
7. Effectiveness and Efficiency
8. Accountability
To ensure good governance, all the pillars/branches of the government, i.e. the legislature,
executive and the judiciary, should work keeping in mind the above objectives and ensure that
that there is a betterment in the life of every citizen of the nation
Role of Judiciary in Good Governance
The role of judiciary in good governance is very vital and important. It is because of the very
scope of authority it has been entrusted with. It is the organ of government which has been
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entrusted with the duty of upholding the law and to ensure that justice is delivered to every one
who comes to it.
It needs to be noted that the judiciary in India enjoys a very significant position since it has been
made the guardian and custodian of the Constitution. It is a watchdog against violation of
fundamental rights guaranteed under the Constitution and thus insulates all persons(Indians and
aliens alike) against discrimination, abuse of State power, arbitrariness etc. It enjoys wide scope
of authority under the Constitution and acts as a effective check over the acts of the legislature
and the executive.
The judicial system has an important role to play ultimately in ensuring better public governance.
There may be a plethora of regulations, rules and procedures but when disputes arise, they have
to be settled in a court of law. There is no area where the judgments of Supreme Court have not
played a significant contribution in the governance – good governance – whether it be –
environment, human rights, gender justice, education, minorities, police reforms, elections and
limits on constituent powers of Parliament to amend the Constitution. The judiciary through the
evolution of the doctrine of basic structure in the famous case of His Holiness Kesavananda
Bharti v. State of Kerala, has held rule of law, equality, democracy and other values to be
indispensable, indestructible and unalterable values of the Indian Constitution. It has also held
that judicial review is not only a part of basic structure but also the prerogative of the judiciary.
In the case of Bhopal Gas Tragedy case, the Supreme Court ensured that the victims get
compensated from the wrongdoers. In field of the human right protection, the judiciary in various
judgments like People’s Union for Civil Liberties v. Union of India, D.K. Basu v. State of West
Bengal, Vishaka & Ors. v. State of Rajasthan ensured that the gender equality, protection against
custodial torture, right to privacy and other basic human rights are ensured.Moreover, the Indian
Judicary for ensuring justice and equality, has even gone to the extend to declare law in those
area where there are lacunae and lack of sufficient rules and regulation like in the case of Vishaka vs. State of Rajasthan.
Conclusion
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Judiciary has, thus, played a crucial role in development and evolution of society in general and
in ensuring good governance by those holding reins of power in particular. Perhaps, there can be
no two views about the significance of the role expected of judiciary, viza-viz, the goal and good
governance in a free society. The approach of judiciary in India has time and again been that
while it may be appropriate that the courts show due deference and margin of appreciation to the
opinion formed by the executive, any State action making inroad into the personal liberties or
basic human rights of an individual must invariably be subject to judicial scrutiny which would
rest on objective proof, relevant material in accordance to law and through a procedure that
passes the muster of fairness and impartiality. Good governance means securing justice,
empowerment, employment and efficient delivery of services and the Judiciary has worked
towards achievement of this very purpose through the powers conferred on it. The paradigm of
Indian judicial system is testimony to the manner in which judiciary can contribute in good
governance. Judiciary has played its role very well in ensuring that the objectives of good
governance are attained and the fruits of its success are enjoyed by the public at large.